Academic literature on the topic 'Actinobacteria'
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Journal articles on the topic "Actinobacteria"
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Inayah, Mazidah Noer, Yulin Lestari, and Anja Meryandini. "Community of Soil Actinobacteria in PTPN VI Oil Palm Plantation Jambi (Sumatra, Indonesia) Based on Amplicon Sequencing of 16S rRNA Gene." HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 29, no. 3 (March 21, 2022): 389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4308/hjb.29.3.389-398.
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In Sumatra, Indonesia, increased oil palm production encourages land expansion for oil palm plantations. And soil Actinobacteria have a potential role in agriculture and plantations ecosystems. The use of fertilizer and herbicide affects soil microbial diversity, including Actinobacteria. This research analyzed and investigated the community composition and diversity of Actinobacteria in soils of oil palm plantations in Jambi Sumatra. Amplicon-based analysis of the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 hypervariable region) was used to amplify actinobacterial full-length 16S sequences. The V3-V4 actinobacterial specific 16S rRNA gene sequencing was done using Next-Generation Sequencing. This study confirmed that actinobacterial specific 16S rRNA gene primer could amplify the actinobacterial 16S rRNA gene. Frankiales dominated the community composition of soilborne Actinobacteria. The diversity and community composition of soilborne Actinobacteria were not significantly affected by the interaction between fertilization and weed treatments. Furthermore, the use of NPK fertilizer significantly affected the abundance of Kineosporiales, whose abundance increased with the increasing concentration of NPK fertilizer. The interaction between fertilization and weeding treatments in the oil palm plantations has no impact on soil Actinobacteria's community composition and diversity.
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DITA, SASMIATI FARACH, SRI BUDIARTI, and YULIN LESTARI. "Sponge-Associated Actinobacteria: Morphological Character and Antibacterial Activity against Pathogenic Bacteria." Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati 3, no. 1 (August 11, 2017): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jsdh.3.1.21-26.
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Sponge-associated actinobacteria may diverse and have potency to produce bioactive compounds. Diversity and antimicrobial activity of indigenous sponge-associated actinobacteria isolated from the marine ecosystem in Indonesia have not much been explored. This work aimed to assess morphological and antibacterial activity of sponge-associated actinobacteria. The morphological characteristics were examined based on their color of aerial and substrate mycelia, and pigmentation, while antibacterial activities were assayed using the antagonist technique. The selected actinobacterial isolate was identified using 16S rRNA gene. Various sponge-associated actinobacteria were successfully isolated from Hyrtios sp., Callyspongia sp., and Neofibularia sp. sponges. A total of 62 actinobacterial isolates were obtained, and each isolate showed a variety of morphological characters, which could be seen in aerial mass color, substrate mass color, and pigmentation. Actinobacterial isolates were tested against human pathogenic bacteria, i.e. Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus, representing Gram-positive, and Escherichia coli EPEC K1-1 and Shigella dysenteriae, representing Gram-negative. Most of actinobacterial isolates had antimicrobial activities at least against one of pathogenic bacteria. High activity was shown by NOHa.2, isolated from Neofibularia, and HRHa.5 isolated from Hyrtios. The NOHa.2 showed the highest antimicrobial activity against S. dysenteriae, meanwhile, HRHa.5 showed antimicrobial activity against 3 of 4 tested bacterial pathogens. These data showed diversity of sponge-asccociated actinobacteria from marine ecosystem in Indonesia, and several of them have potency as source of antibacterial compounds
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Allgaier, Martin, and Hans-Peter Grossart. "Diversity and Seasonal Dynamics of Actinobacteria Populations in Four Lakes in Northeastern Germany." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 5 (May 2006): 3489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.5.3489-3497.2006.
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ABSTRACT The phylogenetic diversity and seasonal dynamics of freshwater Actinobacteria populations in four limnologically different lakes of the Mecklenburg-Brandenburg Lake District (northeastern Germany) were investigated. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to determine the seasonal abundances and dynamics of total Actinobacteria (probe HGC69a) and the three actinobacterial subclusters acI, acI-A, and acI-B (probes AcI-852, AcI-840-1, and AcI-840-2). Seasonal means of total Actinobacteria abundances in the epilimnia of the lakes varied from 13 to 36%, with maximum values of 30 to 58%, of all DAPI (4′,6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole)-stained cells. Around 80% of total Actinobacteria belonged to the acI cluster. The two subclusters acI-A and acI-B accounted for 60 to 91% of the acI cluster and showed seasonal means of 49% (acI-B) and 23% (acI-A) in relation to the acI cluster. Total Actinobacteria and members of the clusters acI and acI-B showed distinct seasonal changes in their absolute abundances, with maxima in late spring and fall/winter. In eight clone libraries constructed from the lakes, a total of 76 actinobacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences were identified from a total of 177 clones. The majority of the Actinobacteria sequences belonged to the acI and acIV cluster. Several new clusters and subclusters were found (acSTL, scB1-4, and acIVA-D). The majority of all obtained 16S rRNA gene sequences are distinct from those of already-cultured freshwater Actinobacteria.
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Ventura, Marco, Carlos Canchaya, Andreas Tauch, Govind Chandra, Gerald F. Fitzgerald, Keith F. Chater, and Douwe van Sinderen. "Genomics of Actinobacteria: Tracing the Evolutionary History of an Ancient Phylum." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 71, no. 3 (September 2007): 495–548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00005-07.
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SUMMARY Actinobacteria constitute one of the largest phyla among Bacteria and represent gram-positive bacteria with a high G+C content in their DNA. This bacterial group includes microorganisms exhibiting a wide spectrum of morphologies, from coccoid to fragmenting hyphal forms, as well as possessing highly variable physiological and metabolic properties. Furthermore, Actinobacteria members have adopted different lifestyles, and can be pathogens (e.g., Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Tropheryma, and Propionibacterium), soil inhabitants (Streptomyces), plant commensals (Leifsonia), or gastrointestinal commensals (Bifidobacterium). The divergence of Actinobacteria from other bacteria is ancient, making it impossible to identify the phylogenetically closest bacterial group to Actinobacteria. Genome sequence analysis has revolutionized every aspect of bacterial biology by enhancing the understanding of the genetics, physiology, and evolutionary development of bacteria. Various actinobacterial genomes have been sequenced, revealing a wide genomic heterogeneity probably as a reflection of their biodiversity. This review provides an account of the recent explosion of actinobacterial genomics data and an attempt to place this in a biological and evolutionary context.
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Ratte, Marina, Irmanida Batubara, and Yulin Lestari. "Morphological Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Actinobacteria from Xylocarpus granatum Growing in Mangrove Habitat." Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology 10, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.01.01.
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Xylocarpus granatum produces various bioactive compounds with diverse biological activities, one of them as an antioxidant. Endophytic actinobacteria can also produce bioactive compounds. This study aimed to explore the existence of the endophytic actinobacteria of X. granatum fruit and determine its antioxidant activity. The research method was carried out by isolating the endophytic actinobacteria from the fruit using selective media Humic Acid (HV). Furthermore, characterizing the obtained isolates using four different media, namely YSA, ISP2, ISP3, and ISP4, measured antioxidant activity for actinobacterial supernatants and actinobacterial ethyl acetate extracts using the DPPH method. The results showed that from X. granatum, 15 isolates of endophytic actinobacteria were obtained from fruit, seeds, and leaves. Endophytic actinobacteria isolates from X. granatum showed different colors of aerial mycelium, substrate mycelium, and spore chain type. XGF11, XGF12, and XGF4 isolates produced high antioxidant activity of the supernatant; 57.30%, 49.77%, and 41.90% inhibition, respectively. The antioxidant capacity of XGF12 ethyl acetate extract was 501.60 μg AEAC/mg extract and 465.47 μg AEAC/mg extract for XGF11 ethyl acetate extract. Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis, isolates XGF12 and XGF11 showed similarities with Streptomyces xylanilyticus, and isolated XGF4 showed similarities with Brevibacterium sediminis.
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Xu, Ting, Kunpeng Cui, Jiawei Chen, Rui Wang, Xiangnan Wang, Longsheng Chen, Zhen Zhang, et al. "Biodiversity of Culturable Endophytic Actinobacteria Isolated from High Yield Camellia oleifera and Their Plant Growth Promotion Potential." Agriculture 11, no. 11 (November 16, 2021): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111150.
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Camellia oleifera Abel. is one of the world’s four famous woody oil trees and has drawn increasing attention because of its high commercial value. Endophytes are microorganisms inhabiting inside plant tissues, and their functions vary with the change of host status and environmental parameters. To deepen our understanding of the interactions between C. oleifera and their endophytic actinobacteria, the present study investigated the four endophytic actinobacterial composition-residing high-yield C. oleifera trees. A total of 156 endophytic actinobacterial isolates were obtained distributed in 17 genera. Among them, Streptomyces was the dominant endophytic actinobacteria, followed by Nocardia, Amycolatopsis, Microbiospora, Micromonospora and other rare actinobacteria genera. Soil characteristics including soil pH and organic matter were found to play crucial roles in shaping the endophytic actinobacterial community composition. Furthermore, all isolates were studied to determine their plant growth-promotion traits, 86.54% could produce Indole 3-Acetic Acid, 16.03% showed nitrogen-fixing, 21.15% showed phosphorus solubilizing, and 35.26% produced siderophore. Under the glasshouse condition, some isolates exhibited growth promotion effects on C. oleifera seedlings with significant increase in spring shoot length and ground diameter. Altogether, this study demonstrated that C. oleifera plants harbored a high diversity and novelty of culturable endophytic actinobacteria, which represent important potential as natural biofertilizers for the high production of C. oleifera.
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Wu, Yu-Rui, Cui-Bai Li, Yan-Hong Wu, Lan Li, Bo Li, Wen-Bo Li, Bu-Jin Ma, and Zhu-Yun Yan. "Diversity and function of culturable actinobacteria in the root-associated of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge." PeerJ 9 (July 9, 2021): e11749. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11749.
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The root-associated actinobacteria play important roles in plant growth, nutrient use, and disease resistance due to their functional diversity. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a critical medicinal plant in China. The root actinobacterial community structure has been studied; however, the functions of root-associated actinobacteria of S. miltiorrhiza have not been elucidated. This study aimed to decipher the diversity and function of the culturable root-associated actinobacteria in plant growth using culture-dependent technology and culturable microbe metagenomes. We isolated 369 strains from the root-associated actinobacteria, belonging to four genera, among which Streptomyces was dominant. Besides, the functional prediction revealed some pathways related to plant growth, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism, and antagonistic pathogens. We systematically described the diversity and functions of the culturable root-associated actinobacteria community. Our results demonstrated that the culturable root-associated actinobacteria of S. miltiorrhiza have rich functionalities, explaining the possible contribution of culturable root-associated actinobacteria to S. miltiorrhiza’s growth and development. This study provides new insights into understanding the function of the culturable root-associated actinobacteria and can be used as a knowledge base for plant growth promoters and biological control agent development in agriculture.
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Li, Feina, Shaowei Liu, Qinpei Lu, Hongyun Zheng, Ilya A. Osterman, Dmitry A. Lukyanov, Petr V. Sergiev, et al. "Studies on Antibacterial Activity and Diversity of Cultivable Actinobacteria Isolated from Mangrove Soil in Futian and Maoweihai of China." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (June 9, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3476567.
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Mangrove is a rich and underexploited ecosystem with great microbial diversity for discovery of novel and chemically diverse antimicrobial compounds. The goal of the study was to explore the pharmaceutical actinobacterial resources from mangrove soil and gain insight into the diversity and novelty of cultivable actinobacteria. Consequently, 10 mangrove soil samples were collected from Futian and Maoweihai of China, and the culture-dependent method was employed to obtain actinobacteria. A total of 539 cultivable actinobacteria were isolated and distributed in 39 genera affiliated to 18 families of 8 orders by comparison analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequences. The dominant genus was Streptomyces (16.0 %), followed by Microbacterium (14.5 %), Agromyces (14.3 %), and Rhodococcus (11.9 %). Other 35 rare actinobacterial genera accounted for minor proportions. Notably, 11 strains showed relatively low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (< 98.65 %) with validly described species. Based on genotypic analyses and phenotypic characteristics, 115 out of the 539 actinobacterial strains were chosen as representative strains to test their antibacterial activities against “ESKAPE” bacteria by agar well diffusion method and antibacterial mechanism by the double fluorescent protein reporter system. Fifty-four strains in 23 genera, including 2 potential new species, displayed antagonistic activity in antibacterial assay. Meanwhile, 5 strains in 3 genera exhibited inhibitory activity on protein biosynthesis due to ribosome stalling. These results demonstrate that cultivable actinobacteria from mangrove soil are potentially rich sources for discovery of new antibacterial metabolites and new actinobacterial taxa.
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Narsing Rao, Manik Prabhu, Karan Lohmaneeratana, Chakrit Bunyoo, and Arinthip Thamchaipenet. "Actinobacteria–Plant Interactions in Alleviating Abiotic Stress." Plants 11, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 2976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212976.
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Abiotic stressors, such as drought, flooding, extreme temperature, soil salinity, and metal toxicity, are the most important factors limiting crop productivity. Plants use their innate biological systems to overcome these abiotic stresses caused by environmental and edaphic conditions. Microorganisms that live in and around plant systems have incredible metabolic abilities in mitigating abiotic stress. Recent advances in multi-omics methods, such as metagenomics, genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, have helped to understand how plants interact with microbes and their environment. These methods aid in the construction of various metabolic models of microbes and plants, resulting in a better knowledge of all metabolic exchanges engaged during interactions. Actinobacteria are ubiquitous and are excellent candidates for plant growth promotion because of their prevalence in soil, the rhizosphere, their capacity to colonize plant roots and surfaces, and their ability to produce various secondary metabolites. Mechanisms by which actinobacteria overcome abiotic stress include the production of osmolytes, plant hormones, and enzymes, maintaining osmotic balance, and enhancing nutrient availability. With these characteristics, actinobacteria members are the most promising candidates as microbial inoculants. This review focuses on actinobacterial diversity in various plant regions as well as the impact of abiotic stress on plant-associated actinobacterial diversity and actinobacteria-mediated stress mitigation processes. The study discusses the role of multi-omics techniques in expanding plant–actinobacteria interactions, which aid plants in overcoming abiotic stresses and aims to encourage further investigations into what may be considered a relatively unexplored area of research.
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Ariansyah, Alifian, Irmanida Batubara, Yulin Lestari, and Saat Egra. "Antioxidant and Antiglycation Activity of Rhizosphere and Endophytic Actinobacteria of Xylocarpus granatum." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 11, no. 2 (August 17, 2019): 202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i2.20018.
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Utilization of endophytic bacteria such as actinobacteria is one of the alternatives to obtain the bioactive compounds similar to the host plant. This study aimed to identify compounds produced by rhizosphere and endophytic actinobacteria isolated from Xylocarpus granatum for their antioxidant and antiglycation activity. Actinobacterial culture supernatant was extracted using ethyl acetate with a ratio of 1:1 (v/v). Antioxidant activity was performed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Whole TLC-bioautography and phytochemical tests were used to predict the group of active compounds. Antiglycation activity was identified based on the ability to inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Fifteen actinobacterial isolates had been isolated from rhizosphere (ten isolates), fruit (two isolates), and leaf (two isolates) of X. granatum. All isolates had been tested for their antioxidant and antiglycation activity. Isolate XR2 had the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 1719.26 mg/L. Meanwhile, the highest antiglycation activity was obtained from isolate XR8 with IC50 value of 327.62 mg/L. This study informs that actinobacteria also live in the fruit, leaves and rhizosphere of X. granatum. The existence of rhizosphere and endophytic actinobacteria from X. granatum and their antioxidant and antiglycation activities contributes to the understanding of their diversity and potency as an antioxidant and antiglycation agent.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Actinobacteria"
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NERYS, Laís Ludmila de Albuquerque. "Avaliação das atividades antimicrobiana e anticâncer de metabólitos produzidos por Streptomyces sp UFPEDA 3407." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18542.
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Actinobactérias são bactérias Gram-positivas que se destacam pela sua grande potencialidade de produzir diversos metabólitos secundários bioativos de interesse científico e industrial. Mais de 50% dos metabólitos microbianos bioativos descobertos são produzidos, tais como antimicrobianos e antitumorais, pelas actinobactérias principalmente pelo gênero Streptomyces.O câncer é considerado um importante problema de saúde pública em países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, sendo a segunda causa de morte no Brasil e no mundo. Diante da diversidade de tecnologias e pesquisas aplicadas no campo das neoplasias, ainda não há uma terapia eficaz para o tratamento de todos os tipos de câncer e os quimioterápicos utilizados atualmente apresentam elevada toxicidade. Neste contexto, o presente projeto objetivou avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano e anticâncer dos extratos brutos produzidos pela por Streptomyces UFPEDA 3407. Após fermentação e extração dos metabólitos com diferentes solventes, foram realizados ensaios para avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana e citotóxica nas diferentes linhagens de células cancerígenas humanas (HL- 60, HT-29 e MCF- 7) e em eritrócitos murinos. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os extratos da biomassa extraídos com acetona, etanol e metanol apresentaram um bom espectro de ação contra bactérias Gram-positivas e leveduras. Nos ensaios de citotoxicidade, os mesmos extratos reduziram de maneira significativa a viabilidade das linhagens tumorais, mostrando resultados bastante promissores.
Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with high potential to produce various bioactive secondary metabolites of scientific and industrial interest. More than 50% of bioactive microbial metabolites discovered to date are produced by actinomycetes mainly by gender Streptomyces. Cancer is considered a major public health problem in developed and developing countries, and the second cause of death in Brazil and in the world. Given the diversity of technologies and applied research in the field of cancer, there is still no effective therapy for the treatment of all types of cancer and the chemotherapy drugs used today have high toxicity. In this context, this project aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential anticancer and crude extracts produced by Streptomyces actinobacteria UFPEDA 3407. After fermentation and extraction of metabolites with different solvents, tests were conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity in different strains of human cancer cells (HL- 60, HT-29 and MCF-7) and murine erythrocytes. Partial results showed that the extracts of biomass extracted with acetone, ethanol and methanol had a good spectrum of action against Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts. In the cytotoxicity assays, the same extracts significantly reduced the viability of tumor cell lines, showing promising results.
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Watson, Daniel John. "Screening of actinobacteria for novel antimalarial compounds." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33080.
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The success of our first-line antimalarial treatments is threatened by increased drug resistance in Plasmodium parasites. This makes the development of novel drugs critical to combat malaria. Historically, natural products have been an excellent source of novel antimalarial compounds and thus are an ideal place to search for potential drugs. Filamentous members of the bacterial phylum, Actinobacteria, are well-known antibiotic producers, but their antimalarial potential has not been well investigated. This makes these actinobacteria a potentially valuable source of novel antimalarial compounds. To evaluate the antimalarial potential of the filamentous actinobacteria, uncharacterized environmental actinobacterial strains from the Meyers laboratory culture collection, as well as the type strains of new actinobacterial species identified and characterized in the Meyers laboratory, were screened for antiplasmodial activity against drug-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum, NF54. Liquid cultures were extracted using the mid-polar solvent, ethyl acetate, with the aim of discovering drug-like molecules that can be administered orally. Thirty-one strains of actinobacteria belonging to eight genera (Actinomadura, Amycolatopsis, Gordonia, Kribbella, Micromonospora, Nocardia, Nonomuraea, and Streptomyces) were screened revealing fourteen active strains. Eight strains were identified for further study as the displayed antiplasmodial efficacy matching predefined criteria. Of these eight candidates, Streptomyces strain PR3 was selected, as it showed excellent antiplasmodial efficacy, no cytotoxicity against Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) or liver HepG2 cell lines, no haemotoxicity, and was easy to culture. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extracts of strain PR3, supported by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, was conducted to isolate and identify the compounds responsible for the antiplasmodial activity. During purification by solid phase extraction (SPE), a novel class of compounds was isolated. The structure of these compounds was elucidated by HRMS and NMR analysis and determined to be a series of crown ethers with a methylated backbone. These methylated crown ethers (MCE) were not produced by strain PR3, but by the cyclization of polypropylene glycol (PPG) oligomers from Amberlite® XAD-16N 20–60 mesh resin under aqueous conditions. The MCEs displayed weak antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum NF54, without cytotoxicity against the Chinese Hamster Ovary, HepG2 cell lines, nor human erythrocytes. To the author's knowledge, the MCEs are novel compounds, and this is the first time the cyclization of PPG oligomers into crown ethers has been reported. As the MCEs were not responsible for strain PR3's potent antiplasmodial activity, further study was conducted. Using the Global Natural Product Social molecular networking (GNPS) workflow, genome mining, and NMR analysis, it was revealed that the cyclodepsipeptides, valinomycin, montanastatin, and nine other novel analogues were responsible for the high antiplasmodial activity detected. A review of the literature revealed that the structure of four of these analogues had been predicted, based on MS/MS and the biosynthesis of valinomycin. Using the same described biosynthetic logic and MS/MS analysis, two new cyclodepsipeptides, compounds 1054 and 1068, were elucidated. Unfortunately, chromatographic systems developed were unable to purify the cyclodepsipeptides, and individual evaluation of their antiplasmodial efficacy and host selectivity was not possible. The fraction containing the cyclodepsipeptides exhibited strong antiplasmodial activity against the drug-sensitive, NF54 and multidrug-resistant K1, strains of P. falciparum. No cytotoxicity was displayed against the CHO cell line and no haemotoxicity was seen against human erythrocytes. Moderate toxicity was exhibited against the liver HepG2 cell line; however, the selectivity index of the cyclodepsipeptides suggested that they are selectively targeting the Plasmodium parasites. Overall, these results are positive, and further study of the individual cyclodepsipeptides is warranted. During the investigation, discrepancies were noticed between different fractions in terms of antiplasmodial activity. These fractions contained both the MCEs and, cyclodepsipeptides along with a range of impurities, yet they displayed potent antiplasmodial activity. Further study suggested that combination of the MCEs and cyclodepsipeptides elicits a synergistic response and improves antiplasmodial efficacy. This was determined independently using two models, the fixed-ratio isobologram method and the CompuSyn programme based on the massaction law principle. The workflow developed during this investigation demonstrates how new technologies can be used to dereplicate and elucidate bioactive natural products. This workflow can be utilized to continue this research and identify new natural products that can combat malaria
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BERVANAKIS, GEORGE, and gberva@hotmail com. "DETECTION AND EXPRESSION OF BIOSYNTHETIC GENES IN ACTINOBACTERIA." Flinders University. School of Medicine, 2009. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20090531.033038.
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Most microbial organic molecules are secondary metabolites which consist of diverse chemical structures and a range of biological activities. Actinobacteria form a large group of Eubacteria that are prolific producers of these metabolites. The recurrence of pathogens resistant to antibiotics and a wider use of these metabolites apart from their use as anti-infectives, has been the impetus for pharmaceutical companies to search for compounds produced by rare and existing actinobacterial cultures.
Accessing microbial biosynthetic pathway diversity has been possible through the use of sensitive and innovative molecular detection methodologies. The present study evaluated the use of molecular based screening as a rational approach to detect secondary metabolite biosynthetic genes (SMBG) in uncharacterised natural Actinobacterial populations. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach was selected for ease of application and high sample processivity. Rational designed screening approaches using PCR in the discovery of SMBG, involved identifying common functions in secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways, such as condensation reactions in polyketide synthesis, genes encoding these functions, and using conserved regions of these genes as templates for the design of primers to detect similar sequences in uncharacterised actinobacteria. Design of primers involved rigorous in silico analysis followed by experimentation and validation.
PCR screening was applied to 22 uncharacterised environmental isolates, eight of these displayed the presence of the ketosynthase (KS) gene belonging to the type I polyketide synthases and eight contained the ketosynthase (KSÑ) gene belonging to the type II polyketide synthases, six of the isolates contained the presence of a presumptive dTDP-glucose synthase (strD) gene which is involved in the formation of deoxysugar components of aminoglycoside antibiotics and one isolate contained the presence of a presumptive isopenicillin N synthase (pcbC) gene involved in beta-lactam synthesis. Alignments of partially sequenced PCR products from isolates A1488 and A3023 obtained using type II PKS primers showed close similarities with KSÑ genes from antibiotic producing actinobacteria. Similarly, alignments of sequences from isolates A1113 and A0350 showed regions of similarities to KS genes from antibiotic producing actinobacteria.
Fermentation techniques were used for inducing expression of secondary metabolites from the uncharacterised actinobacteria isolates. By using antimicrobial guided screening it was determined that most of the isolates possessed the capacity to produce antimicrobial metabolites. Dominant antagonistic activity was detected against Gram positive bacteria and to a minor extent against fungi. Optimal fermentation liquid media were identified for certain isolates for the production of antimicrobial metabolites. Two alternative fermentation methods; solid-state and liquid-oil fermentations were evaluated to improve secondary metabolite production in the uncharacterised isolates. Solid-substrate fermentation showed that it could induce a complex metabolite pattern by TLC analysis, however this pattern varied according to the substrate being used. Liquid media supplemented with refined oils, showed a positive response indicated by higher antibacterial activities detected.
Evaluation of semi-purified organic extracts identified two isolates A1113 and A0350 producing similar antimicrobial metabolites as detected by HPLC/UV/MS, a literature database search of similar compounds containing the same molecular weight identified the compound as belonging to the actinomycin group of compounds. A complex metabolic pattern was identified for isolate A2381, database searching identified some of the compounds as having similar molecular weights to actinopyrones, trichostatins, antibiotics PI 220, WP 3688-5 and YL 01869P.
Drug discovery screening can serve to benefit from PCR detection of biochemical genotypes in initial screens, providing a rapid approach in identifying secondary metabolite producing capabilities of microorganisms prior to the commencement of costly and time consuming fermentation studies. Additionally the identification of biochemical genotypes allows a directed approach in using fermentation media designed to induce biosynthetic pathways of specific classes of compounds.
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Wang, Xiaoling. "Natural product discovery and biosynthesis from soil actinobacteria." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=203796.
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New structurally diverse natural products can be discovered when carefully designed screening procedures have been applied and when a prolific organism from a different biological source is examined, such as, rare actinobacteria from an untapped environment. Chapter 3 describes the isolation and structure characterisation of eight compounds from the rare actinobacterum, Saccharothrix xinjiangensis (NRRL B-24321), including, two new 16-member macrolides, Tianchimycin A and B, respectively. OSMAC (One Strain - Many Compounds) is used to search bioactive compounds from the metabolic profile of S. xinjiangensis, isolated from a semi-arid or desert area, Tanchi, Xinjiang in the study. Isolated compounds were characterised by NMR spectroscopy and accurate mass spectrometric analysis. Investigations of the natural products at all levels, from genes, to enzymes, to molecules has revealed insights into differentiating features of the biosynthetic pathways that lead to structural diversity of natural products. The presence of a halogen substituent in natural products profoundly influences their biology activity. Actinomycins are a well-known class of antibiotics/anticancer agents. Here, the gene cluster directing chlorinated actinomycin G biosynthesis in Streptomyces iakyrus (DSM 41873) has been identified and sequenced. It contains one actinomycin synthetase I (ACMS I) gene and two copies of ACMS II and III genes. Genetic analysis demonstrates a unique partnership between the putative hydroxylation and chlorination activities as both acm8 and acm9 genes need to be transcribed for the biosynthesis of actinomycin G2 and actinomycin G3, respectively. In chapter 5, I descries a possible metabolic flux rebalancing pathway for increasing phenazinomycin production in S. iakyrus (DSM 41873) after interruption of the methyltrasfer gene (acmG5') in actinomycin G gene cluster. The gene cluster of phenazinomycin was identified by in silico analysis and by comparison with a known phenazine gene cluster from S. iakyrus (DSM 41873).
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Garcia, Carlos Eduardo. "Isolamento e identificação de actinobacterias em solos de terra preta antropogenica (TPA) da Amazonia Central por ARDRA e sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256616.
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Orientadores: Fumio Yokota, Tasi Siu MuiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Doutorado
Doutor em Ciência de Alimentos
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Conn, Vanessa Michelle, and vanessa conn@acpfg com au. "Molecular Interactions of Endophytic Actinobacteria in Wheat and Arabidopsis." Flinders University. School of Medicine, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20060320.171412.
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Wheat is the most economically important crop forming one quarter of Australian farm production. The wheat industry is severely affected by diseases, with fungal pathogens causing the most important economic losses in Australia. The application of fungicides and chemicals can control crop diseases to a certain extent, however, it is expensive and public concern for the environment has led to alternative methods of disease control to be sought, including the use of microorganisms as biological control agents. Microorganisms are abundant in the soil adjacent to plant roots (rhizosphere) and within healthy plant tissue (endophytic) and a proportion possess plant growth promotion and disease resistance properties.
Actinobacteria are gram-positive, filamentous bacteria capable of secondary metabolite production such as antibiotics and antifungal compounds. A number of the biologically active endophytes belonging to the Actinobacteria phylum were isolated in our laboratory. A number of these isolates were capable of suppressing the wheat fungal pathogens Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium sp. and Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, both in vitro and in planta indicating the potential for the actinobacteria to be used as biocontrol agents. The aim of this research was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this plant-microbe interaction.
The indigenous microbial populations present in the rhizosphere and endophytic environment are critical to plant health and disruptions of these populations are detrimental. The culture-independent technique Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) was used to characterise the endophytic actinobacteria population of wheat roots under different conditions. Soils which support a higher number of indigenous microorganisms result in wheat roots with higher endophytic actinobacterial diversity and level of colonisation. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene clones, obtained using the same actinobacteria-biased PCR primers that were used in the T-RFLP analysis, confirmed the presence of the actinobacterial diversity, and identified a number of Mycobacterium and Streptomyces species. It was found that the endophytic actinobacterial population of the wheat plants contained a higher diversity of endophytic actinobacteria than reported previously, and that this diversity varied significantly among different field soils.
The endophytic actinobacteria have previously been shown to protect wheat from disease and enhance growth when coated onto the seed before sowing. As the endophytes isolated were recognised as potential biocontrol agents, the impact on the indigenous endophytic microbial population was investigated. Utilising the T-RFLP technique it was established that the use of a commercial microbial inoculant, containing a large number of soil bacterial and fungal strains applied to the soil, disrupts the indigenous endophyte population present in the wheat roots. The hypothesis is that non-indigenous microbes proliferate and dominate in the soil preventing a number of endophytic-competent actinobacterial genera from access to the seed and ultimately endophytic colonisation of the wheat roots. This dramatically reduces diversity of endophytes and level of colonisation. In contrast the use of a single endophytic actinobacteria endophyte inoculant results in a 3-fold increase in colonisation by the added inoculant, but does not significantly affect this indigenous population.
Colonisation of healthy plant tissues with fungal endophytes has been shown to improve the competitive fitness with enhanced tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress and improved resistance to pathogens and herbivores. In this study the fungal endophyte population of wheat plants grown in four different soils was analysed using partial sequencing of 18S rRNA gene sequences. Sequence anlaysis of clones revealed a diverse range of fungal endophytes. In this diverse range of fungal endophytes a number sequences were highly similar to those of previously known fungal phytopathogens. A number of sequences detected were similar to fungal species previously identified in soil or plant material but not as endophytes. The remaining sequences were similar to fungal species without a known relationship with plants.
Plants have developed an inducible mechanism of defence against pathogens. In addition to local responses plants have developed a mechanism to protect uninfected tissue through a signal that spreads systemically inducing changes in gene expression. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana activation of the Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) pathway and the Jasmonate (JA)/Ethylene (ET) pathway is characterised by the production of pathogenesis-related (PR) and antimicrobial proteins resulting in systemic pathogen resistance. Endophytic actinobacteria, isolated from healthy wheat roots in our laboratory, have been shown to enhance disease resistance to multiple pathogens in wheat when coated onto the seed before sowing. Real Time RT-PCR was used to determine if key genes in the SAR and JA/ET pathways were induced in response to inoculation with endophytic actinobacteria.
Inoculation of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana with selected strains of endophytic actinobacteria was able to �prime� the defence pathways by inducing low level expression of SAR and JA/ET genes. Upon pathogen infection the defence-genes are strongly up-regulated and the endophyte coated plants had significantly higher expression of these genes compared to un-inoculated plants. Resistance to the bacterial pathogen Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora was mediated by the JA/ET pathway whereas the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum triggered primarily the SAR pathway.
Further analysis of the endophytic actinobacteria-mediated resistance was performed using the Streptomyces sp. EN27 and Arabidopsis defence-compromised mutants. It was found that resistance to E. carotovora subsp. carotovora mediated by Streptomyces sp. EN27 occurred via a NPR1-independent pathway and required salicylic acid whereas the jasmonic acid and ethylene signalling molecules were not essential. In contrast resistance to F. oxysporum mediated by Streptomyces sp. EN27 occurred via a NPR1-dependent pathway but also required salicylic acid and was JA- and ET-independent.
This research demonstrated that inoculating wheat with endophytic actinobacteria does not disrupt the indigenous endophytic population and may be inducing systemic resistance by activating defence pathways which lead to the expression of antimicrobial genes and resistance to a broad range of pathogens.
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Schäfer, Jenny [Verfasser]. "Untersuchungen zur Diversität von Actinobacteria in Innenräumen / Jenny Schäfer." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1063954231/34.
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Santos, Luísa Ferreira dos. "Metabolic engineering of actinobacteria for the production of flavours." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASL034.
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Cette thèse a été réalisée en collaboration avec ENNOLYS, une société de biotechnologies spécialisée dans la production de biomasse, d'enzymes et de molécules aromatiques naturelles. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif principal de ce projet de thèse est l'ingénierie métabolique d'actinobactéries, dont celles du genre Amycolatopsis, pour le développement et l'amélioration de procédés de bioproduction de molécules aromatiques naturelles, dont la vanilline. Pour ce faire, nous avons séquencé le génome de la souche industrielle Amycolatopsis ZYL926 afin de mieux connaitre ses potentialités dans la production de métabolites spécialises ainsi que dans la biosynthèse de la vanilline. De plus, par comparaison de séquence nous avons pu identifier des gènes impliqués dans la dégradation de la vanilline (ou de ces intermédiaires de biosynthèse). Ensuite, nous avons identifié des outils (vecteurs et promoteurs) pour l'insertion et l'expression efficace de gènes hétérologues chez Amycolatopsis. En plus, nous avons développé des outils pour la délétion propre (sans marqueur de résistance) de gènes ou de grandes régions génomiques chez ces bactéries. Ces outils génétiques sont polyvalents et susceptibles d'être utilisés chez de nombreuses espèces du genre Amycolatopsis. Enfin, dans le but d'implémenter une voie de biosynthèse de la vanilline à partir d'un substrat peu coûteux, nous avons choisi et étudié quelques enzymes candidates pour chaque nouvelle étape de biosynthèse. Ces études nous ont permis d'identifier parmi les enzymes candidates celles qui sont actives chez Amycolatopsis dans les conditions de bioconversion utilisées industriellement. De plus, nous avons pu étudier une étape limitante et suggérer des moyens pour améliorer l'efficacité de cette voie de biosynthèseThis thesis was carried out in collaboration with ENNOLYS, a French biotechnology company specialised in the production of biomass, enzymes, and natural aromatic molecules. In this context, the main objective of this thesis project is the metabolic engineering of actinobacteria, including those of the genus Amycolatopsis, for the development and improvement of bioproduction processes for natural aromatic molecules, including vanillin, the most used flavouring agent in the world. To this end, we sequenced the genome of the industrial strain Amycolatopsis ZYL926 in order to better understand the potential of this bacterium in the production of specialised metabolites and in the biosynthesis of vanillin. Furthermore, we were able to identify genes involved in the degradation of vanillin (or of its biosynthetic intermediates) by sequence comparison analysis. Secondly, we have identified genetic tools (including vectors and promotors) for the stable insertion and efficient expression of heterologous genes in Amycolatopsis. In addition, we have developed tools for marker-free deletion of genes or large genomic regions in these bacteria. These genetic tools are versatile and could be used in many species of the genus Amycolatopsis. Finally, in order to implement a vanillin biosynthetic pathway from a low-cost substrate, we selected and studied a few candidate enzymes for each new biosynthetic step. These studies enabled us to identify among the candidate enzymes those which are active in Amycolatopsis under the bioconversion conditions used industrially. In addition, we were able to study a limiting step and suggest ways to improve the efficiency of the studied biosynthetic pathway
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Mevaere, Jimmy. "Lasso peptides from Actinobacteria - Chemical diversity and ecological role." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066617/document.
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Les peptides lasso sont des peptides bioactifs bactériens issus de la voie de biosynthèse ribosomale et subissant des modifications post-traductionnelles, caractérisés par une structure entrelacée dite en lasso. Ils possèdent un cycle macrolactame en position N-terminale, traversé par la queue C-terminale. Cette topologie de type rotaxane, maintenue par piégeage de la queue C-terminale dans le cycle via des acides aminés encombrant et/ou des ponts disulfure, confère à ces peptides une structure compacte et stable. Les actinobactéries recèlent la plus grande diversité et gamme d'activités biologiques parmi les peptides lasso (antibactériens, anti-VIH, antagonistes de récepteurs..), et l'exploration de génomes suggère une diversité encore plus grande, puisque certains clusters portent des gènes codant des enzymes de modifications post-traductionnelles jamais observées auparavant. Cependant, l'expression de ces peptides semble être rigoureusement contrôlée, rendant leur production en laboratoire difficile à partir de la bactérie productrice. Le rôle écologique et les mécanismes de régulation des peptides lasso ne sont pas très documentés. Leur compréhension permettrait d'améliorer la production et de mieux exploiter les activités biologiques des peptides lassoLasso peptides are ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides produced by bacteria, characterized by a remarkable mechanically-interlocked structure. The lasso topology, reminiscent to a rotaxane, consists in an N-terminal macrolactam ring threaded by a C-terminal tail. This compact and stable structure is stabilized by steric entrapping of the tail in the ring, through bulky amino acid(s) and/or disulphide bonds. Lasso peptides produced by Actinobacteria display the greatest chemical diversity and a range of biological activities (antibacterial, anti-HIV, receptor antagonist…), therefore are of high pharmaceutical interest. Genome mining revealed that Actinobacteria have enormous potential to biosynthesize novel lasso peptides, e.g. harbouring new post-translational modifications. However, the expression of these peptides is generally controlled by complex regulatory systems, making their production under laboratory conditions difficult. Understanding the ecological role and regulation mechanisms of lasso peptides would help to improve production and better exploit the biotechnological potential of these molecules. The first part of my work deals with the identification of new lasso peptides from Actinobacteria, using heterologous expression in Streptomyces hosts. The second part of my work deals with the regulation mechanism and ecological role of lasso peptides using sviceucin, a lasso peptide produced by Streptomyces sviceus, as the model for study
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Silva, ValÃria Maria AraÃjo. "Facilitation can increase actinobacteria adaptation capacity and rhizobia "in vitro"." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2016. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=17158.
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Secretaria da EducaÃÃo do CearÃThe natural environment is marked by an intricate network of biotic interactions that shape the structure of ecological communities. The presence of positive ecological interactions between microbial populations in soils semiarid regions, has great importance in structuring the local soil microbiota. In this work, actinomycetes strains of rhizobia and coming from rhizosphere of Park National Ubajara-CE, were evaluated for the ability to grow through cooperative metabolic mechanisms. Of the 27 evaluated actinomycetes, 22 showed compatibility with rhizobia. The strains UB-05, UB-07, UB-08, UB-11 and UB-21 stood out in facilitating tests for amylase and cellulase. The metabolic activity of actinomycetes helped the development of rhizobia strains
O ambiente natural à marcado por uma intrincada rede de interaÃÃes biÃticas que moldam a estrutura das comunidades ecolÃgicas. A presenÃa de interaÃÃes ecolÃgicas positivas entre populaÃÃes microbianas em solos de regiÃes semiÃridas, possui grande relevÃncia na estruturaÃÃo da microbiota do solo local. Neste trabalho, cepas de actinobactÃrias e rizÃbios oriundas de solo rizosfÃrico do Parque Nacional de Ubajara-CE, foram avaliadas quanto à capacidade de crescerem atravÃs de mecanismos metabÃlicos cooperativos. Das 27 actinobactÃrias avaliadas, 22 apresentaram compatibilidade com rizÃbios. As cepas UB-05, UB-07, UB-08, UB-11 e UB-21, destacaram-se nos ensaios de facilitaÃÃo para amilase e celulase. A atividade metabÃlica de actinobactÃrias auxiliou o desenvolvimento das cepas de rizÃbios.
Books on the topic "Actinobacteria"
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Karthik, Loganathan, ed. Actinobacteria. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5835-8.
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Yaradoddi, Jayachandra S., Merja Hannele Kontro, and Sharanabasava V. Ganachari, eds. Actinobacteria. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3353-9.
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Subramaniam, Gopalakrishnan, Sathya Arumugam, and Vijayabharathi Rajendran, eds. Plant Growth Promoting Actinobacteria. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0707-1.
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Wink, Joachim, Fatemeh Mohammadipanah, and Javad Hamedi, eds. Biology and Biotechnology of Actinobacteria. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60339-1.
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Indonesia, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan. Taxonomic and ecological studies of fungi and actinomycetes in Indonesia. Jakarta]: LIPI, 2009.
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Alvarez, Héctor M. Biology of Rhodococcus. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.
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Xin xing jie ti qiang hua wu ran wu sheng wu huan yuan. Beijing: Ke xue chu ban she, 2013.
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Balagurunathan, Ramasamy, Manikkam Radhakrishnan, Thangavel Shanmugasundaram, Venugopal Gopikrishnan, and Joseph Jerrine. Protocols in Actinobacterial Research. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0728-2.
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Rosenberg, Eugene, Stephen Lory, Erko Stackebrandt, Edward F. DeLong, and Fabiano Thompson. Prokaryotes: Actinobacteria. Springer London, Limited, 2014.
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Actinobacteria and Myxobacteria. MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03943-530-2.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Actinobacteria"
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Abdallah, Omnia Mohamed, Amal Mohamed Shawky, Dina Hatem Amin, and Alaa Fayez Elsayed. "Mining for Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in Actinobacteria Genomes Via Bioinformatics Tools." In Actinobacteria, 121–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5835-8_7.
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Thumar, Jignasha, and Satya P. Singh. "Antimicrobial Potential and Metabolite Profiling of Marine Actinobacteria." In Actinobacteria, 241–64. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5835-8_13.
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Hazarika, Shabiha Nudrat, Pranami Bharadwaj, Aditya Narayan Konwar, and Debajit Thakur. "Cloning and Heterologous Expression of Natural Products from Actinobacteria." In Actinobacteria, 135–61. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5835-8_8.
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Kiran, Gangarapu, Loganathan Karthik, Gouthami Thumma, and Arivarasan Vishnukirthi. "Genome Data Mining, Chemistry and Bioactivity of Sesquiterpenes from Actinobacteria." In Actinobacteria, 101–20. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5835-8_6.
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Subathra Devi, C., S. Merlyn Keziah, S. Jemimah Naine, and V. Mohanasrinivasan. "Actinomycetes: Microbiology to Systems Biology." In Actinobacteria, 1–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5835-8_1.
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Neethu, Kamarudheen, Loganathan Karthik, and Zhiyong Li. "Nonribosomally and Ribosomally Synthesized Bioactive Peptides (NRPS and RiPPs) from Actinobacteria." In Actinobacteria, 87–99. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5835-8_5.
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Narsing Rao, Manik Prabhu, and Wen-Jun Li. "Diversity of Actinobacteria in Various Habitats." In Actinobacteria, 37–58. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5835-8_2.
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Zhang, Fengli, and Dabing Zhang. "The Relationship between Actinobacteria and Rice." In Actinobacteria, 77–86. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5835-8_4.
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Rathore, Dalip Singh, Amit Kumar Sharma, Ankita Dobariya, Hashti Ramavat, and Satya P. Singh. "Cultivation and Diversity of Marine Actinomycetes: Molecular Approaches and Bioinformatics Tools." In Actinobacteria, 215–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5835-8_12.
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Shawky, Amal Mohamed, Omnia Mohamed Abdallah, and Dina Hatem Amin. "Traditional Screening and Genome-Guided Screening of Natural Products from Actinobacteria." In Actinobacteria, 59–76. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5835-8_3.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Actinobacteria"
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Borozan, Aurica Breica. "ACTINOBACTERIA - SOURCE OF INFORMATION ON SOIL QUALITY." In 13th SGEM GeoConference on WATER RESOURCES. FOREST, MARINE AND OCEAN ECOSYSTEMS. Stef92 Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2013/bc3/s13.002.
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Rastimesina, Inna, Olga Postolachi, Valentina Josan, Alina Cotoman, and Vera Mamaliga. "Screening of low density polyethylene degrading microorganisms." In National Scientific Symposium With International Participation: Modern Biotechnologies – Solutions to the Challenges of the Contemporary World. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52757/imb21.003.
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Bacteria, actinobacteria, and micromycetes stored in the National Collection of NonPathogenic Microorganisms (CNMN) were assessed for the capacity to grow and degrade LDPE. There were tested 15 strains of bacteria from genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Streptomyces, and Rhodococcus, and 15 strains of micromycetes from genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. Among the studied bacterial strains, actinobacteria were more effective in LDPE degradation than bacilli and Pseudomonas spp. The members of genus Penicillium, in comparing with Aspergillus spp., degraded LDPE more actively.
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Faizal, PNAW, NH Ismail, ALM Low, NM Jaya, NNSM Kamal, AS Kamarozaman, N. Ahmat, and SAS Mohamad. "Inhibition properties of Actinobacteria extracts towards β–lactam resistance." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3400054.
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Risdian, Chandra, Gian Primahana, Tjandrawati Mozef, Rizna T. Dewi, Shanti Ratnakomala, Puspita Lisdiyanti, and Joachim Wink. "Screening of antimicrobial producing Actinobacteria from Enggano Island, Indonesia." In SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5064325.
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Bhagat, Sonali, and Vikram Pundkar. "Cellulase enzyme-producing actinobacteria isolated and characterized from soil." In 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS ENGINEERING & SCIENCE: Insight on the Current Research in Materials Engineering and Science. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0111628.
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Akhtemova, G. A., E. N. Vasileva, A. M. Afonin, V. A. Zhukov, and I. A. Tikhonovich. "Culturable endophytic bacteria from garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.009.
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From the organs of various genotypes of Pisum sativum L., culturable endophytic bacteria belonging to phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, were isolated. Among them, growth-stimulating strains were identified.
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Ratnakomala, Shanti, Aryo P. Putranto, Sibyanditha Erhaa Amalia, Ade Lia Putri, Mia Kusmiati, Arif Nurkanto, and Puspita Lisdiyanti. "Antimicrobial and enzymatic activities of actinobacteria isolated from rumen fluid." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INNOVATIVE BIOPRODUCTION INDONESIA ON BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING 2022: Strengthening Bioeconomy through Applied Biotechnology, Bioengineering, and Biodiversity. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0183381.
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Peyrat, LA, K. Georgousaki, N. Tsafantakis, S. Gumeni, D. Oves-Costales, I. González, C. Almeida, O. Genilloud, IP Trougakos, and N. Fokialakis. "Search for novel cosmeuceutical agents from the Actinobacteria Micromonospora sp." In GA 2017 – Book of Abstracts. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608181.
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Ziganshina, E. E., and A. M. Ziganshin. "BACTERIAL DIVERSITY OF OILFIELD WATERS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN." In X Международная конференция молодых ученых: биоинформатиков, биотехнологов, биофизиков, вирусологов и молекулярных биологов — 2023. Novosibirsk State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1526-1-79.
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Oilfield waters are characterized by distinct microbial communities due to several environmental factors. In this work, the bacterial diversity of oilfield water samples of the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia) was analyzed. The objects of research were bacterial cultures from formation and injection waters. The bacterial communities in oilfield waters were represented by members of the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria.
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Saleem, Maira. "Kubuqi Desert China; A Promising Source of Antimicrobial and In Vitro Anticancer Actinobacteria." In IBRAS 2021 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCE. Juw, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/ibras/2021/96-98.
Full textReports on the topic "Actinobacteria"
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สมบูรณ์นะ, นราพร. การคัดสรรและพัฒนาปุ๋ยชีวภาพและการเกษตรแบบอินทรีย์ จากฐานข้อมูลจุลินทรีย์. คณะวิทยาศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2018.3.
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ประเทศไทยเป็นประเทศเกษตรกรรม พืชที่ปลูกส่วนใหญ่ได้แก่ ข้าว ตามด้วยผักและผลไม้ชนิดต่างๆ ปัจจุบันมีแนวโน้มการส่งออกสินค้าเกษตรและอุตสาหกรรมการเกษตรเพิ่มมากขึ้นเรื่อยๆ แต่กลับพบว่าพื้นที่ๆใช้สำหรับเพาะปลูกเกือบทั้งหมดนั้นเป็นดินที่ขาดความอุดมสมบูรณ์และเสื่อมสภาพทั้งทางเคมีและทางกายภาพ อันเนื่องมาจากการใช้สารเคมี ยาฆ่าแมลง ปัญหาดินเปรี้ยวหรือดินเค็ม ทำให้ดินมีคุณภาพเสื่อมลงและสูญเสียความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพ ซึ่งปัญหาเหล่านี้ส่งผลต่อการเจริญเติบโตของพืช ทำให้พืชโตช้า และได้ผลผลิตทางการเกษตรน้อย มีงานวิจัยจำนวนมากชี้ให้เห็นว่าการทำเกษตรอินทรีย์ หรือการปลูกพืชโดยใช้ปุ๋ยคอกหรือปุ๋ยชีวภาพนั้นสามารถคงความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพและความอุดมสมบูรณ์ของดินได้มากกว่าการทำเกษตรที่ใช้สารเคมี ทำให้ได้ผลผลิตที่มีคุณภาพเป็นจำนวนมาก ดังนั้นโครงการวิจัยนี้จึงมุ่งหวังเพื่อที่จะศึกษาจุลินทรีย์ในมูลสัตว์แต่ละชนิด เพื่อที่จะคัดเลือกมูลสัตว์ที่มีคุณสมบัติที่ดีที่สุดและนำมาใช้ในการพัฒนาเป็นปุ๋ยคอก และใช้เพื่อปรับปรุงฟื้นฟูดินที่เสื่อมสภาพจากการทำการเกษตร ด้วยการเปรียบเทียบฐานข้อมูลประชากรจุลินทรีย์แบคทีเรีย อาร์เคีย และราในมูลสัตว์ชนิดต่างๆ ได้แก่ มูลโคนม มูลไส้เดือน มูลแพะ มูลกวางลูซี่ มูลกระต่าย และมูลโคเนื้อภูพาน ด้วยวิธีการสร้างห้องสมุดยีน 16s ไรโบโซมอลอาร์เอ็นเอและ sequencing หรือไมโครไบโอม ซึ่งวิธีการนี้เป็นวิธีที่เหมาะในการใช้เพื่อสร้างฐานข้อมูลและเพื่อใช้วิเคราะห์ระบบนิเวศอย่างถูกต้อง เนื่องจากมีแบคทีเรียจำนวนมากที่ไม่เหมาะต่อการเพาะเลี้ยงและยังให้ข้อมูลที่ครบถ้วนอีกด้วย จากผลของงานวิจัยนี้แสดงให้เห็นถึงความแตกต่างของมูลสัตว์แต่ละชนิดทั้งในด้านคุณสมบัติ ลักษณะทางกายภาพ เคมี และความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพของจุลินทรีย์ที่พบในมูลสัตว์ โดยพบว่าไฟลัม Fibrobacteres, Actinobacteria และ Planctomycetes เป็นไฟลัมที่พบได้มากที่สุดในมูลสัตว์ทุกชนิด ซึ่งมูลไส้เดือนนั้นมีความหลากหลายแบคทีเรียรวมมากที่สุด และยังมีโครงสร้างประชากรแบคทีเรียที่แตกต่างกันอย่างชัดเจนเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับมูลสัตว์ชนิดอื่นๆ ซึ่งแบคทีเรียในกลุ่ม Rhizobiales, Actinomycetales และ Flavobacteriales พบได้มากในมูลของไส้เดือนอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ นอกจากนี้ยังมีแร่ธาตุอาหารที่สำคัญที่ต่อพืชอย่างครบถ้วน ได้แก่ ไนโตรเจน โพแทสเซียม และฟอสฟอรัส ซึ่งเหมาะสมต่อการนำมาพัฒนาเป็นปุ๋ยคอกต่อไป
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Minz, Dror, Eric Nelson, and Yitzhak Hadar. Ecology of seed-colonizing microbial communities: influence of soil and plant factors and implications for rhizosphere microbiology. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7587728.bard.
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Original objectives: Our initial project objectives were to 1) Determine and compare the composition of seed-colonizing microbial communities on seeds, 2) Determine the dynamics of development of microbial communities on seeds, and 3) Determine and compare the composition of seed-colonizing microbial communities with the composition of those in the soil and rhizosphere of the plants. Revisions to objectives: Our initial work on this project was hampered by the presence of native Pythium species in the soils we were using (in the US), preventing us from getting accurate assessments of spermosphere microbial communities. In our initial work, we tried to get around this problem by focusing on water potentials that might reduce damage from native Pythium species. This also prompted some initial investigation of the oomycete communities associated seedlings in this soil. However, for this work to proceed in a way that would allow us to examine seed-colonizing communities on healthy plants, we needed to either physically treat soils or amend soils with composts to suppress damage from Pythium. In the end, we followed the compost amendment line of investigation, which took us away from our initial objectives, but led to interesting work focusing on seed-associated microbial communities and their functional significance to seed-infecting pathogens. Work done in Israel was using suppressive compost amended potting mix throughout the study and did not have such problems. Our work focused on the following objectives: 1) to determine whether different plant species support a microbial induced suppression of Pythium damping-off, 2) to determine whether compost microbes that colonize seeds during early stages of seed germination can adequately explain levels of damping-off suppression observed, 3) to characterize cucumber seed-colonizing microbial communities that give rise to the disease suppressive properties, 4) assess carbon competition between seed-colonizing microbes and Pythium sporangia as a means of explaining Pythium damping-off suppression. Background: Earlier work demonstrated that seed-colonizing microbes might explain Pythium suppression. Yet these seed-colonizing microbial communities have never been characterized and their functional significance to Pythium damping-off suppression is not known. Our work set out to confirm the disease suppressive properties of seed-colonizing microbes, to characterize communities, and begin to determine the mechanisms by which Pythium suppression occurs. Major Conclusions: Compost-induced suppression of Pythium damping-off of cucumber and wheat can be explained by the bacterial consortia colonizing seeds within 8 h of sowing. Suppression on pea was highly variable. Fungi and archaea play no role in disease suppression. Potentially significant bacterial taxa are those with affinities to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Current sequencing efforts are trying to resolve these taxa. Seed colonizing bacteria suppress Pythium by carbon competition, allowing sporangium germination by preventing the development of germ tubes. Presence of Pythium had a strong effect on microbial community on the seed.
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Zchori-Fein, Einat, Judith K. Brown, and Nurit Katzir. Biocomplexity and Selective modulation of whitefly symbiotic composition. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7591733.bard.
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Whiteflies are sap-sucking insects that harbor obligatory symbiotic bacteria to fulfill their dietary needs, as well as a facultative microbial community with diverse bacterial species. The sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a severe agricultural pest in many parts of the world. This speciesconsists of several biotypes that have been distinguished largely on the basis of biochemical or molecular diagnostics, but whose biological significance is still unclear. The original objectives of the project were (i) to identify the specific complement of prokaryotic endosymbionts associated with select, well-studied, biologically and phylogeographically representative biotypes of B. tabaci, and (ii) to attempt to 'cure’ select biotypes of certain symbionts to permit assessment of the affect of curing on whitefly fitness, gene flow, host plant preference, and virus transmission competency.To identify the diversity of bacterial community associated with a suite of phylogeographically-diverseB. tabaci, a total of 107 populations were screened using general Bacteria primers for the 16S rRNA encoding gene in a PCR. Sequence comparisons with the available databases revealed the presence of bacteria classified in the: Proteobacteria (66%), Firmicutes (25.70%), Actinobacteria (3.7%), Chlamydiae (2.75%) and Bacteroidetes (<1%). Among previously identified bacteria, such as the primary symbiont Portiera aleyrodidarum, and the secondary symbionts Hamiltonella, Cardinium and Wolbachia, a Rickettsia sp. was detected for the first time in this insect family. The distribution, transmission, and localization of the Rickettsia were studied using PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Rickettsia was found in all 20 Israeli B. tabaci populations screened as well as some populations screened in the Arizona laboratory, but not in all individuals within each population. FISH analysis of B. tabaci eggs, nymphs and adults, revealed a unique concentration of Rickettsia around the gut and follicle cells as well as its random distribution in the haemolymph, but absence from the primary symbiont housing cells, the bacteriocytes. Rickettsia vertical transmission on the one hand and its partial within-population infection on the other suggest a phenotype that is advantageous under certain conditions but may be deleterious enough to prevent fixation under others.To test for the possible involvement of Wolbachia and Cardiniumin the reproductive isolation of different B. tabacibiotypes, reciprocal crosses were preformed among populations of the Cardinium-infected, Wolbachia-infected and uninfected populations. The crosses results demonstrated that phylogeographically divergent B. tabaci are reproductively competent and that cytoplasmic incompatibility inducer-bacteria (Wolbachia and Cardinium) both interfered with, and/or rescued CI induced by one another, effectively facilitating bidirectional female offspring production in the latter scenario.This knowledge has implications to multitrophic interactions, gene flow, speciation, fitness, natural enemy interactions, and possibly, host preference and virus transmission. Although extensive and creative attempts undertaken in both laboratories to cure whiteflies of non-primary symbionts have failed, our finding of naturally uninfected individuals have permitted the establishment of Rickettsia-, Wolbachia- and Cardinium-freeB. tabaci lines, which are been employed to address various biological questions, including determining the role of these bacteria in whitefly host biology.