Academic literature on the topic 'Across the Sea Wall'
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Journal articles on the topic "Across the Sea Wall"
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Chi, Lequan, Sultan Hameed, and Christopher L. P. Wolfe. "Comments on “Reconstruction of the Gulf Stream from 1940 to the Present and Correlation with the North Atlantic Oscillation”." Journal of Physical Oceanography 49, no. 10 (October 2019): 2731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-19-0096.1.
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AbstractThe path of the Gulf Stream as it leaves the continental shelf near Cape Hatteras is marked by a sharp gradient in ocean temperature known as the North Wall. The latitude location of the Gulf Stream North Wall (GSNW) has previously been estimated by subjective analysis of daily maps of sea surface temperatures. Recently, Watelet et al. (2017) presented an objective procedure by fitting an error function to the SST profile across the Gulf Stream at 81 longitude positions. The fit smooths over not only the GSNW but also the much colder waters from the Labrador Sea on the continental shelf. Watelet et al.’s procedure is therefore likely to misidentify the shelf-slope front as the Gulf Stream North Wall, leading to a systematic northward bias the in North Wall position.
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Phipps, R. M., and C. J. Tiltman. "The Babbage Field, Block 48/2a, UK North Sea." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 52, no. 1 (2020): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/m52-2019-1.
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AbstractThe Babbage gas field was discovered in 1988 by exploration well 48/2-2 which drilled into the Permian-age lower Leman Sandstone Formation below a salt wall. Seismic imaging is compromised by the presence of this salt wall, which runs east–west across the southern part of the structure, creating uncertainties in depth conversion and in the in-place volumes. Pre-stack depth migration with beam and reverse time migrations appropriate for the complex salt geometry provided an uplift in subsalt seismic imaging, enabling the development of the field, which is located at the northern edge of the main reservoir fairway in a mixed aeolian–fluvial setting. Advances in artificial fracturing technology were also critical to the development: in this area, deep burial is associated with the presence of pore-occluding clays, which reduce the reservoir permeability to sub-millidarcy levels. The Babbage Field was sanctioned in 2008, based on an in-place volume range of 248–582 bcf; first production was in 2010. It produces from five horizontal development wells that were artificially fracced to improve deliverability of gas from the tight matrix. None of the wells has drilled the gas–water contact, which remains a key uncertainty to the in-place volumes, along with depth-conversion uncertainty below the salt wall.
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Richter, David H., and Peter P. Sullivan. "The Sea Spray Contribution to Sensible Heat Flux." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 2 (January 31, 2014): 640–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-13-0204.1.
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Abstract Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of turbulent Couette flow are combined with Lagrangian point-particle tracking to investigate the effects of a dispersed phase on bulk passive heat transport when the two phases can exchange both momentum and sensible heat. The idealized setup allows a fixed number of particles, without the influence of gravity, to be transported by carrier-phase motions across the mean velocity and temperature gradients that exist between the solid boundaries of turbulent Couette flow. In this way, the setup serves as a model of spray in a shear-dominated layer in the immediate vicinity of the water surface and provides insight into the ability of spray to enhance sensible heat fluxes. The authors find that the dispersed phase contributes a relatively large amount of vertical heat transport and increases the total heat flux across the domain by 25% or greater. Particles that accumulate in regions associated with wall-normal ejections efficiently carry heat across the channel. Furthermore, the authors find that the relative contribution of the dispersed-phase heat flux becomes larger with Reynolds number, suggesting an importance at atmospheric scales.
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Vanpachtenbeke, Michiel, Jan Van den Bulcke, Joris Van Acker, and Staf Roels. "Hygrothermal performance of timber frame walls with brick veneer cladding: a parameter analysis." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017207002.
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To meet the increasingly stringent energy efficiency requirements, the market share of timber frame houses is steadily growing across Europe. Timber frame walls in Belgium are typically combined with a brick veneer cladding, which has a high buffer capacity for wind driven rain and a relative low cavity ventilation rate. Consequently, moisture levels inside the cavity may become high, which might lead to an inward vapour flow and an elevated moisture content in the inner part of the wall. In combination with a moisture sensitive timber frame inner wall, this could result in an increased risk of fungal growth. Therefore, the aim of the current paper is to study the hygrothermal performance of timber frame walls with brick veneer cladding in a moderate sea climate. To do so, a field study on two typical timber frame walls with brick veneer cladding is conducted. The field study specifically focuses on the contradictory criterion for the vapour diffusion resistance of the wind barrier for summer and winter conditions. The data of the in-situ measuring campaign indicates that the differences between set-ups with wind barriers with different vapour diffusion resistance is rather limited. In addition, a parameter analysis is conducted using a numerical model. The parameter analysis indicates an increased mould growth risk due to the brick veneer cladding and the importance of providing hygroscopic moisture buffer capacity inside the wall.
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Schweppe, Gregor, Klaus-G. Hinzen, Sharon K. Reamer, and Shmuel Marco. "Reconstructing the slip velocities of the 1202 and 1759 CE earthquakes based on faulted archaeological structures at Tell Ateret, Dead Sea Fault." Journal of Seismology 25, no. 4 (June 3, 2021): 1021–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10950-021-10009-0.
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AbstractArchaeological structures built across active faults and ruptured by earthquakes have been used as markers to measure the amount of displacement caused by ground motion and thus to estimate the magnitude of ancient earthquakes. The example used in this study is the Crusader fortress at Tel Ateret (Vadum Iacob) in the Jordan Gorge, north of the Sea of Galilee, a site which has been ruptured repeatedly since the Iron Age. We use detailed laser scans and discrete element models of the fortification walls to deduce the slip velocity during the earthquake. Further, we test whether the in-situ observed deformation pattern of the walls allows quantification of the amount both sides of the fault moved and whether post-seismic creep contributed to total displacement. The dynamic simulation of the reaction of the fortification wall to a variety of earthquake scenarios supports the hypothesis that the wall was ruptured by two earthquakes in 1202 and 1759 CE. For the first time, we can estimate the slip velocity during the earthquakes to 3 and 1 m/s for the two events, attribute the main motion to the Arabian plate with a mostly locked Sinai plate, and exclude significant creep contribution to the observed displacements of 1.25 and 0.5 m, respectively. Considering a minimum long-term slip rate at the site of 2.6 mm/year, there is a deficit of at least 1.6 m slip corresponding to a potential future magnitude 7.5 earthquake; if we assume ~5 mm/year geodetic rate, the deficit is even larger.
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Chambers, Iain. "Maritime Criticism and Theoretical Shipwrecks." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 125, no. 3 (May 2010): 678–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2010.125.3.678.
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All visible objects, man, are but as pasteboard masks. But in each event—in the living act, the undoubted deed—there, some unknown but still reasoning thing puts forth the mouldings of its features from behind the unreasoning mask. If man will strike, strike through the mask! How can the prisoner reach outside except by thrusting through the wall? To me, the white whale is that wall, shoved near to me. Sometimes I think there's naught beyond. But 'tis enough.—Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The WhaleFamiliar Landscapes are Today Challenged by Illicit Sea Journeys. The Southern Shores of Occidental Modernity are beached by the uninvited guest, by the arrival of histories and cultures that exceed its desires and augment its fears. Like a nemesis from the sea, the interrogative presence of the migrant, who announces planetary processes that are not ours to manage and define, draws Europe and the rest of the West to the threshold of a modernity that exceeds itself. In Isaac Julien's video installation Western Union: Small Boats (2007), the cruel passage of northward migration—across the inhospitable desert and perilous sea—proposes a dramatic poetics that seeks to force apart the conclusive framings of existing political, cultural, and historical narratives. Contorted black bodies gasping in the foam, abandoned on the beach in silver body bags among the sunbathers or writhing on the palace floors of European hierarchies replay the black Atlantic, memories of slavery, and racial oppression in the modern-day Mediterranean.
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Hauschild, K., W. M. Weber, W. Clauss, and M. K. Grieshaber. "Excretion of thiosulphate, the main detoxification product of sulphide, by the lugworm arenicola marina L." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 7 (April 1, 1999): 855–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.7.855.
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Thiosulphate, the main sulphide detoxification product, is accumulated in the body fluids of the lugworm Arenicola marina. The aim of this study was to elucidate the fate of thiosulphate. Electrophysiological measurements revealed that the transepithelial resistance of body wall sections was 76+/−34 capomega cm2 (mean +/− s.d., N=14), indicating that the body wall of the lugworm is a leaky tissue in which mainly paracellular transport along cell junctions takes place. The body wall was equally permeable from both sides to thiosulphate, the permeability coefficient of which was 1. 31×10(−)3+/−0.37×10(−)3 cm h-1 (mean +/− s.d., N=30). No evidence was found for a significant contribution of the gills or the nephridia to thiosulphate permeation. Thiosulphate flux followed the concentration gradient, showing a linear correlation (r=0.997) between permeated and supplied (10–100 mmol l-1) thiosulphate. The permeability of thiosulphate was not sensitive to the presence of various metabolic inhibitors, implicating a permeation process independent of membrane proteins and showing that the lugworm does not need to use energy to dispose of the sulphide detoxification product. The present data suggest a passive permeation of thiosulphate across the body wall of A. marina. In live lugworms, thiosulphate levels in the coelomic fluid and body wall tissue decreased slowly and at similar rates during recovery from sulphide exposure. The decline in thiosulphate levels followed a decreasing double-exponential function. Thiosulphate was not further oxidized to sulphite or sulphate but was excreted into the sea water.
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McGiveron, Rafeeq O. "From a “Stretch of Grey Sea” to the “Extent of Space”: The Gaze Across Vistas in Cather’s The Professor’s House." Western American Literature 34, no. 4 (2000): 389–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wal.2000.0002.
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Julian, D., F. Gaill, E. Wood, A. J. Arp, and C. R. Fisher. "Roots as a site of hydrogen sulfide uptake in the hydrocarbon seep vestimentiferan Lamellibrachia sp." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 17 (September 1, 1999): 2245–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.17.2245.
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Vestimentiferan tubeworms have no mouth or gut, and the majority of their nutritional requirements are provided by endosymbiotic bacteria that utilize hydrogen sulfide oxidation to fix CO(2) into organic molecules. It has been assumed that all vestimentiferans obtain the sulfide, O(2) and CO(2) needed by the bacteria across the plume (gill) surface, but some live in locations where very little sulfide is available in the sea water surrounding the plume. We propose that at least some of these vestimentiferans can grow a posterior extension of their body and tube down into the sea-floor sediment, and that they can use this extension, which we call the ‘root’, to take up sulfide directly from the interstitial water. In this study of the vestimentiferan Lamellibrachia sp., found at hydrocarbon seeps in the Gulf of Mexico at depths of approximately 700 m, we measured seawater and interstitial sulfide concentrations in the hydrocarbon seep habitat, determined the structural characteristics of the root tube using transmission electron microscopy, characterized the biochemical composition of the tube wall, and measured the sulfide permeability of the root tube. We found that, while the sulfide concentration is less than 1 (μ)mol l(−)(1) in the sea water surrounding the gills, it can be over 1.5 mmol l(−)(1) at a depth of 10–25 cm in sediment beneath tubeworm bushes. The root tube is composed primarily of giant (β)-chitin crystallites (12–30 % of total mass) embedded in a protein matrix (50 % of total mass). Root tubes have a mean diameter of 1.4 mm, a mean wall thickness of 70 (μ)m and can be over 20 cm long. The tubeworm itself typically extends its body to the distal tip of the root tube. The root tube wall was quite permeable to sulfide, having a permeability coefficient at 20 degrees C of 0. 41×10(−)(3)cm s(−)(1), with root tube being 2.5 times more permeable to sulfide than trunk tube of the same diameter. The characteristics of the root suggest that it reaches down to the higher sulfide levels present in the deeper sediment and that it functions to increase the surface area available for sulfide uptake in a manner analogous to a respiratory organ.
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Stewart, Simon A. "Detachment-controlled triangle zones in extension and inversion tectonics." Interpretation 2, no. 4 (November 1, 2014): SM29—SM38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2014-0026.1.
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“Triangle zone” geometry is well established in thrust tectonics, where the leading edge of a frontal thrust branches backward onto a hinterland-directed roof thrust, and the triangle zone thus formed defines the thrust system’s leading edge. Similar geometries occur in extension and inversion settings, where a triangle zone can form between a deep-seated master fault and a roof fault or backthrust located in a hanging-wall detachment. In basement-controlled extension, triangle zone development can occur when the shear strength of the master fault plane in the zone above a hanging-wall detachment cutoff exceeds that of a new or reactivated antithetic fault detaching on the hanging-wall dip slope. This structural style is characterized by pronounced hanging-wall synclines linked to detached extensional faults higher up the hanging-wall dip slopes. The same principles apply during early phases of inversion tectonics. The part of the master fault that is above the hanging-wall detachment cutoff may constitute a buttress that causes displacement to backthrust along any available detachment into accommodation structures such as emergent ramps. This structural style is characterized by compressional structures within the graben while there is minor or even no sign of inversion on the graben margin faults. These geometries could be accounted for by other processes, for example, localized deep-seated fault-controlled structures within graben, or salt redistribution. However, fieldwork and analog models demonstrate the admissibility of triangle zone kinematics across a range of tectonic settings in the presence of detachment layers that are thin relative to the overall stratigraphy — typically tens to hundreds of meters in thickness. These models can guide seismic interpretation of unusual fold structures in extensional and inverted graben. Seismic interpretation examples were evaluated from the North Sea and Saudi Arabia.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Across the Sea Wall"
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Stenhouse, John. "Transport across the crop wall in Helix aspersa." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307181.
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Avellino, Ignacio. "Supporting collaborative practices across wall-sized displays with video-mediated communication." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS514/document.
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La collaboration entre plusieurs personnes peut prendre plusieurs formes, et la technologie soutient depuis longtemps ces pratiques. Mais lorsque la collaboration doit se faire à distance, est-elle aussi bien assistée par la technologie ? Dans ce travail, je soutiens l'idée selon laquelle le succès d'un système de télécommunications ne dépend pas de sa capacité à imiter une collaboration colocalisée, mais dans sa capacité à faciliter les pratiques collaboratives découlant des caractéristiques spécifiques de la technologie. J'explore cet argument en utilisant un mur d'écrans en tant que technologie collaborative. J'ai commencé par observer des collaborateurs effectuer leur travail quotidien à distance en utilisant des prototypes. Ensuite j'ai conduit des expériences et j'ai trouvé que les utilisateurs peuvent interpréter avec précision les instructions déictiques à distance et le regard direct quand un collaborateur à distance est affiché par une vidéo, même si celle-ci n'est pas placée directement devant l'observateur. À partir de ces résultats, j'ai créé CamRay, un outil de télécommunication qui utilise une rangée de caméras pour enregistrer le visage des utilisateurs lorsqu'ils parcourent physiquement les données le long de l'écran et présente cette vidéo sur un autre mur d'écrans distant par dessus le contenu existant. Je propose deux possibilités pour afficher la vidéo: Follow-Local, où le flux vidéo de l'utilisateur distant suit l'utilisateur local, et Follow-Remote où il suit l'utilisateur distant. Je montre que Follow-Remote préserve les relations spatiales entre le collaborateur à distance et le contenu de l'écran, créant ainsi la possibilité de désigner les objets par des gestes de pointage, tandis que Follow-Local facilite les conversations grâce à un face-à-face virtuel qui transmet plus facilement la communication gestuelle. Finalement, je me base sur ces résultats pour guider la conception de futurs systèmes de communications à distance entre murs d'écrans, et dégager des considérations à suivre lorsque des capacités de communication à distance sont ajoutées à de nouvelles technologiesCollaboration can take many forms, for which technology has long provided digital support. But when collaborators are located remotely, to what extent does technology support these activities? In this dissertation, I argue that the success of a telecommunications system does not depend on its capacity to imitate co-located conditions, but in its ability to support the collaborative practices that emerge from the specific characteristics of the technology. I explore this using wall-sized displays as a collaborative technology. I started by observing collaborators perform their daily work at a distance using prototypes. I then conducted experiments and found that people can accurately interpret remote deictic instructions and direct gaze when performed by a remote collaborator through video, even when this video is not placed directly in front of the observer. Based on these findings, I built CamRay, a telecommunication system that uses an array of cameras to capture users' faces as they physically navigate data on a wall-sized display, and presents this video in a remote display on top of existing content. I propose two ways of displaying video: Follow-Local, where the video feed of the remote collaborator follows the local user, and Follow-Remote, where it follows the remote user. I find that Follow-Remote preserves the spatial relations between the remote speaker and the content, supporting pointing gestures, while Follow-Local enables virtual face-to-face conversations, supporting representational gestures. Finally, I summarize these findings to inform the design of future systems for remote collaboration across wall-sized displays
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Parma, Elisa. "Tradurre racconti: "Stories - Across the Sea", una proposta di traduzione." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13732/.
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L'elaborato propone una traduzione dall’inglese di “Stories – Across the Sea”, una raccolta di 11 storie raccontate dai rifugiati di un campo profughi in Grecia, realizzata da un gruppo di volontarie del gruppo YWAM di York.
Partendo da alcune brevi considerazioni riguardanti le principali caratteristiche stilistiche e morfosintattiche del testo e il suo scopo comunicativo, l’elaborato prosegue con l’illustrazione della metodologia traduttiva e delle maggiori teorie della traduzione inerenti al caso. In un secondo momento, a seguire la proposta di traduzione in italiano, si evidenziano alcune delle problematiche riscontrate nel processo traduttivo attraverso l’analisi di alcuni passi specifici e delle soluzioni adottate.
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Henry, Jason S. "Studies on cell wall composition in bryophytes across taxa, tissue, and time." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1922.
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The plant cell wall is a vitally important interface connecting plant cells to their outside environment and neighboring cells. Acting as a hub for defense, signaling, and physiological processes, the plant cell wall was a crucial innovation in plant evolution. Current cell wall models are largely based on what has been observed in plants like Arabidopsis, Pisum sativum, Nicotiana tabacum, and Phaseolus vulgaris. These models are unable to consider the variety of polymers in a given wall, the mechanical and functional properties such polymers impart, and the complexity of interactions among polymeric cell wall constituents. This work deepened the understanding of wall composition of specialized walls that fall outside of the scope of current plant cell wall models. A detailed survey of cell wall polymer distribution in the transfer cell walls in three key bryophyte species the model moss Physcomitrium patens, hornwort Phaeoceros carolinianus, and liverwort Marchantia polymorpha was done utilizing histochemical techniques in the light and florescent microscopes coupled with immunocytochemical localization with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). This work demonstrated that the occurrence, abundance, and types of polymers differ among taxa and between the two generations, are more influenced by developmental and life history needs than the similar function of the cells in individual taxa. A notable difference between generations was seen in M. polymorpha with the LM2 and JIM13 MAbs targeting AGP epitopes. However, findings in P patens appear to lack the differential labeling observed in both M. polymorpha and P. carolinianus. Using these same techniques, the walls and matrices involved in the process of spermatogenesis were examined in the moss P. patens and noted differences in abundance and location of cell wall polymers during sperm cell differentiation. Another notable finding of this work was that high concentrations of arabinose as components of AGP and pectins are important in the walls of P. patens during the process of spermatogenesis. The final study focused on utilizing herbarium specimens to explore the application of immunogold localization on dried collections of the moss Polytrichum up to 100 years old. The studies compiled in this dissertation demonstrate that the major cell wall components, cellulose, pectins, hemicelluloses, and callose, are constituents of special walls in three bryophytes, but they are differentially expressed within cell types and across these plants. Taken together, these works contribute significant new data on the composition of plant cell walls by focusing on bryophytes and the unique cell walls vital to the life history processes of spermatogenesis and placental function. These findings also show that both field-collected and herbarium samples are successfully labeled with MAbs at the TEM level, unlocking the potential for further studies across time and taxa using plant collections.
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Shepherd, Emma Jayne. "Oligopeptide transport across the basolateral membrane of rat small intestine." Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14038/.
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Oligopeptide transport in rat small intestine has been studied in intact tissue, using the luminally and vascularly perfused isolated jejunum in situ technique, and a hydrolysis-resistant dipeptide (D-Phe-L-Gln). The data in this thesis can be divided into two main sections: (l) identification of the transporter proteins, and (2) short-term regulation of transport. The basolateral peptide transporter protein has not, to date, been identified. A candidate protein was identified from membrane vesicles by a photo affinity labelling technique using a dipeptide derivative ([4-azido-3,5-3H-D-Phe]-L-Ala), previously shown to be an efficient substrate for the basolateral transporter. The labelled candidate protein was successfully isolated by 2-DE, which revealed an apparent Mr of 112 ± 2 kDa and a pI of approximately 6.5. Initial sequence analysis, tryptic digestion followed by MALDI-TOF analysis and Q-TOF fragmentation of a tryptic peptide, produced a peptide fingerprint and a sequence tag of 9 amino acids, respectively, which, together, did not completely and conclusively match to any known protein sequence contained within databases, therefore suggesting that the 112 kDa protein may be novel. Short-term regulation of peptide transport was also investigated using the vascular perfusion method. An amino acid-sensing pathway was discovered, using L-Leucine as the regulator, involving protein kinase cacades leading to p70S6k activation and subsequent stimulation ofbasolateral membrane peptide transport. A major conclusion arising from the data was the distinction between PepTl and the basolateral transporter, i.e. the sequence data obtained from the candidate protein did not match to the PepTl sequence; in addition there appeared to be distinct mechanisms of regulatory control at the two membranes. Efficient delivery of peptidomimetic drugs when adminsitered by the oral route requires knowledge of short-term regulation of intestinal peptide transport, in addition to the sequence and structure of the basolateral transporter. This thesis provides essential information, which may eventually contribute to the unequivocal identification and sequencing of the intestinal basolateral peptide transporter, ultimately leading to the future development of compounds with high bioavailability.
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Russon, Thomas Ford. "Paleoceanography of the southern Coral Sea across the Mid-Pleistocene Transition." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4876.
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A comprehensive theory explaining the relationship between periodic variations in the Earths orbital parameters and the response of the climate system remains elusive. One of the key challenges is that of the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT), during which the dominant mode of glacial/interglacial climatic variability shifted without any corresponding change in the mode of orbital forcing. Subtropical climate on orbital time-scales is sensitive to variability in both the low-latitude ocean/atmosphere circulation regime and the global carbon-cycle (through its effect on atmospheric greenhouse gas levels), both of which may have played a role in the shift in mode of global climate response to orbital forcing during the MPT. This thesis presents a series of multi-proxy (foraminiferal stable isotope and trace-metal) paleoceanographic reconstructions from the subtropical southwest Pacific, as seen in marine sediment core MD06-3018, from 2470m water depth and 23ºS in the New Caledonia Trough, southern Coral Sea. The core age-model, based upon magnetic stratigraphy and orbital tuning, yields a mean sedimentation rate at the site of 20mm/ka and a core-bottom age of 1600ka. The MD06-3018 reconstruction of New Caledonia Trough deep water chemistry, based on benthic 13C measurements, shows that the spatial chemistry gradient within the Southern Ocean between deep waters entering the Tasman Sea and the open Pacific was greater during glacial (relative to interglacial) stages over at least the past 1100ka. This gradient was, however, generally reduced on the >100kyr time-scale across the MPT, consistent with it being a period of reduced deep water ventilation in both hemispheres. The MD06-3018 Mg/Ca-derived reconstruction of subtropical southwest Pacific Sea Surface Temperature (SST) shows glacial/interglacial variability of 2-3ºC but no significant trends on the >100kyr time-scale over the duration of the record. An estimate of the uncertainty associated with the SST reconstruction demonstrates that no significant changes in reconstructed southern Coral Sea mean-annual SST can be identified between interglacial stages across the MPT. It is, therefore, unlikely that regional climatic change constituted the main cause for the observed middle Pleistocene expansion of coral reef systems. The >100kyr time-scale stability of southern Coral Sea SST means that the position of the southern boundary of the Pacific warm pool has also been stable over at least the past 1500ka. Comparison with other low-latitude Pacific reconstructions shows that the early Pleistocene warm pool was consequently more hemispherically asymmetric than its present configuration, with the latter being established by ~1000ka and implying significant changes in meridional atmospheric heat and moisture fluxes prior to the MPT. On orbital time-scales, the SST reconstruction shows a clear shift from dominant 40kyr to 100kyr modes of variability over the MPT, although significant 40kyr structure is also retained into the middle/late Pleistocene. In contrast, reconstructed hydrological cycle variability (based on coupled 18O-Mg/Ca measurements) shows only limited coherence with the obliquity cycle and a stronger relationship with the precession cycle. The decoupling of the reconstructed subtropical SST and hydrological cycle responses places constraints on the extent of orbitally paced fluctuations in the low-latitude ocean/atmosphere system. Instead, comparison of the MD06-3018 SST reconstruction with others from across the lowlatitude Pacific supports a dominant role for greenhouse gas forcing in low-latitude western Pacific glacial/interglacial SST variability across the Pleistocene. The subtropical multi-proxy climate reconstructions presented here show that the timing and sense of long-term (>100kyr time-scale) changes in the low-latitude ocean/atmosphere circulation regime are consistent with that system having been important in the expansion of northern hemisphere ice-volume during the early part of the MPT. However, the subtropical reconstructions also suggest that neither the low-latitude ocean/atmosphere circulation system nor the global carbon-cycle underwent a fundamental change in mode of response to orbital forcing during the transition. Instead, the origin of the 100kyr glacial/interglacial mode was most likely related to thresholds in the dynamics of the expanding northern hemisphere icesheets, leading in turn to the existence of significant inter-hemispheric asymmetry in the orbital time-scale climate response over the middle/late Pleistocene. Summary for Non-Specialists. Over the past five million years of its history, the Earths climate has undergone a series of regular, or nearly regular, fluctuations between warmer and colder states. These fluctuations take tens to hundreds of thousands of years to occur and are known as the ‘glacial/interglacial cycles’ on account of the associated changes in ice-sheet extent in the high-latitudes. The origin of these cycles is widely held to be the regular variations in form of the Earths orbit around the sun. In spite of decades of research, however, no complete ‘orbital theory of climate’ exists, mainly because the patterns of past climate variability, as reconstructed using ‘proxies’ for variables such as surface temperature, is much more complex than that of the orbital variations themselves. It follows that processes within the Earth system, especially those associated with large ice-sheets, the carbon-cycle and the ocean circulation system, act to substantially modify the climate response to the orbital variations. Over the past ten years, new observations from both ice-cores and low-latitude marine sediment cores have suggested that the dominant system(s) involved in setting the Earths response to the orbital variations may potentially be the carboncycle and/or the low-latitude ocean/atmosphere circulation regime rather than highlatitude ice-sheet dynamics, as was generally supposed previously. If this new view is correct, it has profound implications for the general sensitivity of the climate to the carbon-cycle on a range of time-scales - making its evaluation a scientific objective of considerable current importance. This thesis presents a series of reconstructions of aspects of climate and carbon-cycle variability for the subtropical southwest Pacific, as based on proxy measurements in a marine sediment core than spans the past 1,600,000 years at around 5000 year resolution. The key focus is on an interval called the ‘Mid- Pleistocene Transition’, during which time the mode of glacial/interglacial variability changed, indicating a fundamental change in one or more aspects of the response to the orbital forcing. The study site is well placed to investigate variability in both the carbon-cycle and low-latitude ocean circulation over the climatic transition as it lies between the Southern Ocean, a key source of carbon-cycle variability and the equatorial Pacific, where the modern El-Niño system arises. By characterizing variability in these systems, the potential role played by both systems in causing the change in mode of glacial/interglacial variability can be evaluated. The key findings of the thesis are that; firstly, changes in the long-term state of the low-latitude ocean circulation system may well have been important for the expansion of northern hemisphere ice-sheets during the early part of the Mid- Pleistocene Transition. Secondly, it provides further support for a close connection between variability in the carbon-cycle and low-latitude climate on orbital timescales but suggests that there is no clear evidence for either system undergoing a fundamental change in sensitivity to the orbital forcing during the transition.
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Detlef, Henrieka. "Paleoceanography of the Bering Sea across the Mid- to Late Pleistocene." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/120363/.
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Keller, Klaus 1966. "Chemical enhancement of carbon dioxide transfer across the air-sea interface." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35997.
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Eberly, Charlene. ""Across the colour wall:" Gullah linguistic and literary representations in Dubose Heyward's Porgy." FIU Digital Commons, 2004. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3112.
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The purpose of this research was to examine a classic text - DuBose Heyward's Porgy (1925) - associated with Southern Literature in relation to its connections to the Gullah culture and language. Close critical scrutiny was made of the 1925 text, two early manuscripts, manuscript fragments, revisions, research notes, and other personal papers from Heyward's estate. Access to these papers helped establish his influences and motivations in writing Porgy.
Employing both linguistic and literary analyses, the findings establish the verisimilitude of Heyward's representation of the Gullah language, rhetorical patterns, culture, beliefs, and practices, linking Porgy to a Gullah literary tradition.
Examination of Heyward's life and times reveals why Porgy sits squarely within the early 20th Century literary genre, African American Literary Realism and thematically anticipates the Harlem Renaissance period. Breaking the mold of the "old South" minstrel-syle depictions of black life, Heyward portrayed the Gullah people with integrity and respect.
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Bristow, Laura Anne. "Tracing Nitrogen Flows Across the Southern North Sea : A Stable Isotope Approach." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.514268.
Full textBooks on the topic "Across the Sea Wall"
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Walk Across the Sea. New York, USA: Aladdin Paperbacks, 2003.
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Fletcher, Susan. Walk Across the Sea. New York, USA: Aladdin Paperbacks, 2003.
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Fletcher, Susan. Walk across the sea. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press, 2002.
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Walk across the sea. New York: Atheneum Books for Young Readers, 2001.
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Nix, Garth. Across the Wall. New York: HarperCollins, 2005.
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Keevers, Thomas J. Music across the wall. Waterville, Me: Five Star, 2003.
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Marguerite, Duras. The sea wall. New York: Perennial Library, 1986.
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Marguerite, Duras. The sea wall. 3rd ed. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 1985.
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Marguerite, Duras. The sea wall. New York: Perennial Library, 1986.
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Marguerite, Duras. The sea wall. London: Faber, 1986.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Across the Sea Wall"
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Chan, Anna C. Y. "Breaking the fourth wall." In Dancing Across Borders, 145–49. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003008569-24.
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Mabingo, Alfdaniels, and Susan Koff. "Dancing across the wall(s) of exclusion." In Dancing Across Borders, 100–109. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003008569-17.
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Abulafia, David. "Ways across the Sea, 1160–1185." In The Great Sea. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195323344.003.0028.
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There are no diaries or log-books of sea captains from the twelfth century, but there are vivid accounts of crossing the Mediterranean written by Jewish and Muslim pilgrims journeying from Spain to the East. Benjamin of Tudela was a rabbi from a town in Navarre, and he set out on his travels around 1160. The aim of his diary was to describe the lands of the Mediterranean, large areas of Europe, and Asia as far as China, in Hebrew for a Jewish audience, and he carefully noted the number of Jews in each town he visited. His book reports genuine travels across the Mediterranean, through Constantinople and down the coast of Syria, though his descriptions of more remote areas beyond the Mediterranean are clearly based on report and rumour, which became more fantastic the further his imagination ventured. He evidently did go to Jerusalem, though, and expressed his wonderment at the supposed tomb of King David on Mount Zion. As Christian passions about the Holy Land became more intense, the attention of Jewish pilgrims was also directed there, under the influence of the crusaders whom they scorned. Benjamin’s route took him down from Navarre through the kingdom of Aragon and along the river Ebro to Tarragona, where the massive ancient fortifications built by ‘giants and Greeks’ impressed him. From there he moved to Barcelona, ‘a small city and beautiful’, full of wise rabbis and of merchants from every land, including Greece, Pisa, Genoa, Sicily, Alexandria, the Holy Land and Africa. Benjamin provides precious and precocious evidence that Barcelona was beginning to develop contacts across the Mediterranean. Another place that attracted merchants from all over the world, even, he says, from England, was Montpellier; ‘people of all nations are found there doing business through the medium of the Genoese and Pisans’. It took four days to reach Genoa by sea from Marseilles. Genoa, he wrote, ‘is surrounded by a wall, and the inhabitants are not governed by any king, but by judges whom they appoint at their pleasure’. He also insisted that ‘they have command of the sea’.
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Thomson, Peter. "The Great Circle." In Sacred Sea. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195170511.003.0019.
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The Port of San Francisco, once one of the world’s most celebrated ports of call, has been reduced to this: a quarter-mile of bare, worn asphalt between a chain link fence and the bay, a couple dozen oblong cargo containers stacked like a set of playroom blocks, and one huge gray cargo crane that looms over the water like the skeleton of some Stanford student’s monstrous robotic dog. A few miles to the north, the Embarcadero and its ripsaw ridge of angled piers, once the pulsing heart of the city’s commercial port, is today a palm-tree-lined recreational waterfront of restaurants, bars, condos, and t-shirt vendors, while here to the south of downtown, huge swaths of abandoned waterfront lie fallow, awaiting the next wave of redevelopment. The San Francisco Bay itself remains a major Pacific port, but virtually all of its cargo traffic now moves through the modern container terminals of Oakland, across the bay. In the city of San Francisco itself, there remains only a single active cargo pier, and this is it. Pier 80. Lashed to the far side of the sea of asphalt is a ship, of modest size by contemporary standards but its sheer bulk impressive nonetheless—a hulking mass of emerald green steel looming three stories above the tarmac, a pale yellow superstructure rising eight stories above that in the stern, and a wall of red and blue containers stacked six high above the forward decks. The ship looks awkward and ungainly. It looks like it may well challenge the principles of buoyancy and displacement. It looks like nothing that neither James nor I have ever trusted his life to before. Our hallucinatory float down the Copper River is ten days behind us. We’ve reentered civilization in Anchorage, visited friends in Seattle, finally met Gary Cook of Baikal Watch and our Russia-specialist travel agent Debbie, and made other last-minute arrangements here in San Francisco, and now we’re riding across the acres of asphalt in the back of a battered yellow van and our friend Eleanor, who drove us down here, is repeating, as if a mantra, Oh my god, I can’t believe you’re getting on this thing. . . . Oh my god, I can’t believe . . .
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Thomson, Peter. "The Long Way Home." In Sacred Sea. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195170511.003.0018.
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A Friday in July . . . Boston is a tangle of cranes and earthmovers, half-built flyovers and half-dug trenches and a huge steel snake slithering along the narrowest of paths through the chaos—Amtrak’s Lake Shore Limited, weaving its way through the city’s $15 billion highway construction project known as the Big Dig and heading westward toward Albany, Cleveland, and Chicago. We’ve said our last goodbyes to the family, hauled our backpacks into our two-person sleeping compartment, and finally, after weeks of ever-more frantic preparation, begun to feel the rhythm of the world rumbling slowly by beneath us, the rhythm of our lives for the next six months. The train picks up headway as it groans past the hallowed green walls of Fenway Park, home of the Boston Red Sox and the spiritual center of New England, the dense triple-decker blocks of the inner suburbs and the verdant lawns and oak groves of the outer suburbs. James and I sit across from each other, grinning slightly, both a little intoxicated by a cocktail of excitement, relief, and anxiety. Family, friends, work, school, daily antagonisms, and well-worn rituals are all receding physically if not yet mentally. Over the horizon ahead loom Alaska, the Pacific, Japan, Vladivostok, Lake Baikal, and 25,000 miles or so of who knows what else. But it’s no big deal, we tell ourselves. We’re heading home, just taking the long way. Just past dawn, west of Cleveland, we’re running two and a half hours late. Our sleeping car attendant, Fred, tells us that we lost time overnight to track repairs, slow-loading mail shipments, and freight trains. Once you start to lose a little time on this run, he says, you quickly end up losing a lot, because the tracks are owned by the freight companies, and their trains have priority. If an Amtrak train slips off schedule, it starts the kind of chain reaction of delays that have earned this train the nickname the Late Shore Limited. I ask Fred if we’re going to make our connection in Chicago. “Not if we keep stopping like this,” he says.
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Abulafia, David. "Sea Peoples and Land Peoples, 1250 BC–1100 BC." In The Great Sea. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195323344.003.0011.
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Both the fall of Troy and the Sea Peoples have been the subject of a vast literature. They were part of a common series of developments that affected the entire eastern Mediterranean and possibly the western Mediterranean too. Troy had been transformed at the end of the eighteenth century BC with the building of the most magnificent of the cities to stand on the hill of Hisarlık: Troy VI , which lasted, with many minor reconstructions, into the thirteenth century BC . The citadel walls were nine metres thick, or more; there were great gates and a massive watchtower, a memory of which may have survived to inspire Homer; there were big houses on two floors, with courtyards. The citadel was the home of an elite that lived in some style, though without the lavish accoutrements of their contemporaries in Mycenae, Pylos or Knossos. Archaeological investigation of the plain beneath which then gave directly on to the seashore suggests the existence of a lower town about seven times the size of the citadel, or around 170,000 square metres, roughly the size of the Hyksos capital at Avaris. One source of wealth was horses, whose bones begin to appear at this stage; Homer’s Trojans were famous ‘horse-tamers’, hippodamoi, and even if he chose this word to fit his metre, it matches the archaeological evidence with some precision. In an age when great empires were investing in chariots, and sending hundreds of them to perdition at the battle of Kadesh (or, according to the Bible, in the depths of the Red Sea), horse-tamers were certainly in demand. Opinion divided early on the identity of the Trojans. Claiming descent from Troy, the ancient Romans knew for sure that they were not just a branch of the Greek people. Homer, though, made them speak Greek. The best chance of an answer comes from their pottery. The pottery of Troy is not just Trojan; it belongs to a wider culture that spread across parts of Anatolia.
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Wild, John Peter. "The Reuse of Textiles in the Roman World." In Recycling and Reuse in the Roman Economy, 61–88. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198860846.003.0003.
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In this chapter I examine evidence for the reuse of textiles in the Roman world. Two principal sources of evidence will be considered: archaeology, and the written record. Typical of the archaeological evidence are the rags from rubbish deposits at Berenike, a Roman port on the Red Sea coast of Egypt, and (at the opposite corner of the Empire) from ditches and occupation layers in the fort of Vindolanda close to Hadrian’s Wall. Survival of textiles, it need hardly be emphasized, is wholly dependent on climatic and microclimatic conditions, leading to a skewed distribution pattern across the ancient world. I suggest that the life cycle of a textile comprises six phases: manufacture, primary use, maintenance, primary reuse, secondary reuse, and discard. Romans may appear to display an ingrained ‘make-do-and-mend’ attitude, although such a mindset seems to be at variance with the consumerism which scholars have detected in some Roman contexts. The whole topic manifestly deserves closer scrutiny in the future.
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Stackhouse, John G. "Introduction." In Can I Believe?, 1–4. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190922856.003.0001.
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Take your pick: it’s a target-rich environment. Creation of the entire universe in a week. A talking serpent and a death-dealing fruit. A worldwide flood. A fugitive nation hurrying on dry ground across the floor of the Red Sea. A city’s walls falling flat at the sound of trumpets. The sun standing still. Any one of a hundred implausibilities that would make a reasonable person say, “Come on. Get serious.”...
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Ling, Roger, and Lesley Ling. "I. 10. 8." In The Insula of the Menander at Pompeii. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199266951.003.0012.
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Apart from a First Style Pavement and traces of First Style wall-decorations in the front part of the house, the only decorations attested in house 8 are two of the Third Stylewhich were evidently about to be replaced and two of the Fourth Style (one of which is now largely lost). The bulk of the rooms contain, at best, plain mortar pavements and plain wall-plaster. There are remains of First Style wall-decorations beneath later plain plaster in the fauces and room 2, while Elia refers to a yellow socle in the same style on the south wall of the atrium (see Vol. I, p. 186). None of the surviving fragments (which include part of a stucco cornice in room 2) is sufficient to provide any real notion of the decorative syntax. The only pavement that is likely to belong to the First Style phase is that of room 2, which consisted of patterns of white tesserae set in cocciopesto: a lozenge grid along the threshold and a central mat of meander (swastikas alternating with squares) surrounded by a semis of single tesserae. All these elements are typical of the First Style (the meander mat and semis surround can be paralleled in the First Style rooms buried under room 18 in the Casa del Menandro: see pp. 6–7 and Fig. 64). The lozenge and meander patterns, known from Elia’s description, have now perished, along with the bulk of the pavement, but fragments of the semis survive on the west side and reveal that the size of the tesserae (mostly from 5 mm. to 1 cm. across) and their spacing (5 cm.) conform with measurements found in other examples of this type of pavement ascribed to the time of the First Style. One interesting detail is that, in addition to the inset tesserae, the surface of this pavement shows traces of a coat of red paint. Assuming that the pavement goes back to the First Style, we can here accept Pernice’s suggestion that such colour-enhancement represents a later intervention designed to improve the appearance of pavements that had become worn.
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Freeman, Jim. "The Racism Profiteers." In Rich Thanks to Racism, 10–34. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501755132.003.0002.
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This chapter begins by recounting the experiences of Anna Jones, Carlil Pittman, and Mónica Acosta who endured a persistent emotional and psychological torture that comes from the knowledge that their lives, or the lives of their children, are not valued as much as others. It analyses how the systemic racial injustice affects communities of color across the United States, and persuades more people to listen to what people of color are saying about the challenges they face and how they should be addressed. The chapter also discusses that the residents of the communities of color share a set of common experiences, some of which are similar to the predominantly white communities, and some of which are remarkably different. The chapter then describes how, and why, ultra-wealthy leaders from Corporate America and Wall Street are the driving force behind many of the public policies that uphold systemic racism and cause severe harm to communities of color across the country. It unveils how the nation's mass criminalization and incarceration system can be traced back to the leaders of many of the largest and best-known corporations in the United States, Wall Street banks, private prison companies, and the Kochs' network of ultra-wealthy allies. Ultimately, the chapter explores how many of the same individuals and organizations have played a significant role in the creation of the extreme anti-immigrant policies that have plagued millions of migrants for decades.
Conference papers on the topic "Across the Sea Wall"
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Li, Zheming, Mark Musculus, and Zachary Shechtman. "Measurements and Correlations of Local Cylinder-Wall Heat-Flux Relative to Near-Wall Chemiluminescence across Multiple Combustion Modes." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2020-01-0802.
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Rose, M. G., N. W. Harvey, P. Seaman, D. A. Newman, and D. McManus. "Improving the Efficiency of the Trent 500 HP Turbine Using Non-Axisymmetric End Walls: Part II — Experimental Validation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0505.
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Part I of this paper described how the HP turbine model rig of the Rolls-Royce Trent 500 was redesigned by applying non-axisymmetric end walls to both the vane and blade passages, whilst leaving the turbine operating point and overall flow conditions unaltered. This paper describes the results obtained from testing of the model rig and compares them with those obtained for the datum design (with conventional axisymmetric end walls). Measured improvements in the turbine efficiency are shown to be in line with those expected from the previous linear cascade research at Durham University, see Harvey et al. [1] and Hartland et al. [2]. These improvements are observed at both design and off-design conditions. Hot wire traverses taken at the exit of the rotor show, unexpectedly, that the end wall profiling has caused changes across the whole of the turbine flow field. This result is discussed making reference to a preliminary 3-D CFD analysis. It is concluded that the design methodology described in part I of this paper has been validated, and that non-axisymmetric end wall profiling is now a major new tool for the reduction of secondary loss in turbines (and potentially all axial flow turbomachinery). Further work, though, is needed to fully understand the stage (and multistage) effects of end wall profiling.
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Moon, S. W., and S. C. Lau. "Turbulent Heat Transfer Measurements on a Wall With Concave and Cylindrical Dimples in a Square Channel." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30208.
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Dimpled surfaces may be considered for heat transfer enhancement in internal cooling of gas turbine airfoils. In this study, convective heat transfer and pressure drop for turbulent airflow in a square channel with a dimpled wall were examined. Experiments were conducted to determine the average heat transfer coefficient on the dimpled wall and the overall pressure drop across the channel, for nine concave and cylindrical dimples with various diameters and depths, and for Reynolds numbers (based on the channel hydraulic diameter) between 10,000 and 65,000. For the concave and cylindrical dimple configurations studied, the dimples were found to enhance the heat transfer coefficient by 70% (1.7 times) to over three times the value for fully developed turbulent flow through a smooth tube, with increase of the overall pressure drop of over four times. For both the concave and cylindrical dimples, heat transfer was enhanced more when the dimples covered a larger portion of the surface of the wall. The cylindrical dimples caused higher overall heat transfer coefficient (based on the projected area) and lower pressure drop than the concave dimples with the same diameters and depths. Thus, cylindrical dimple configuration may be a better alternative than concave dimples in enhancing heat transfer, for the experimental conditions and dimple configurations investigated. Further experiments are recommended to determine if cylindrical dimples of other dimensions also give higher thermal performances than concave dimples of the same dimensions, subjected to other flow and thermal boundary conditions, such as irregular channels with or without rotation.
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Younis, B. A., B. Weigand, and A. Laqua. "Prediction of Heat Transfer in Turbulent Channel Flow With Spanwise Rotation and Suction/Blowing Through Opposite Walls." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59691.
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This paper is concerned with the prediction of heat transfer rates in fully-developed turbulent flows in straight channels with mass transfer by suction and blowing through opposite walls, and with rotation about the spanwise axis. The predictions are based on the solution of the Reynolds-averaged forms of the governing equations using a second-order accurate finite-volume formulation. The effects of turbulence on momentum transport were accounted for by using turbulence closures based on the solution of modeled differential transport equations for the Reynolds stresses. A number of alternative models were assessed. These included a high turbulence Reynolds-number model in which the computationally-efficient ‘wall-function’ approach was used to bridge the near-wall region. As the effects of stabilizing system rotation can cause flow relaminarization, the wall-function approach becomes unreliable and integration must be carried out through the viscous sub-layer, directly to the walls. The suitability of three alternative low Reynolds-number models was assessed in these flows. Experimental data from flows in stationary channels with Reynolds numbers spanning the range of laminar, transitional and turbulent regimes were also used in this assessment. Excellent predictions of the wall skin-friction coefficient across the entire range were obtained with a low Reynolds-number model in which the effects of a rigid wall on the fluctuating pressure field in its vicinity were accounted for by a method which incorporates the gradients of the turbulence length scale and the invariants of turbulence anisotropy. For the cases of heated flows, two very different models for the turbulent heat fluxes were examined: one involved the solution of a differential transport equation for each component of the heat-flux tensor and another in which the heat fluxes were obtained from an explicit algebraic model derived from tensor representation theory. It was found that the two models yielded results that were essentially similar and in close agreement with results from recent Direct Numerical Simulations.
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Williams, Richard, David Gregory-Smith, and Li He. "A Study of Large Tip Clearance Flows in an Axial Compressor Blade Row." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90463.
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The tip clearance flow of industrial axial compressor rotors has a significant impact on compressor performance. Most tip clearance flow research work has been undertaken in the earlier low-pressure transonic stages of compressors. The main differences between the earlier (low-pressure) and later (high-pressure) stages include blade profile, stagger angle, Mach number, blade length and tip clearance. The tip clearance in the later stages of an industrial axial compressor is relatively large due to mechanical constraints and short blading. The stagger angle is much lower and so the tip clearance flow is at a higher angle to the (negative) axial direction. In the present work, a computational method has been employed to investigate tip clearance flow from 1% span to 10% span for blading such as that found in the later stages. A pinch tip model is used to model the blade tip in a cascade with a stationary and moving end-wall. It has been found that the tip clearance flow rolls up into a vortex much later than in the earlier stages. The migration of the tip clearance vortex across the passage is much less than for the earlier stages and also the induced vortex is much weaker. Comparisons between a cascade with fixed and moving end-walls are made, the main difference being that the tip clearance flow is stronger with a moving end-wall. The 1% tip clearance flow structure with stationary end-wall is shown to be different from all other cases investigated.
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Iacovides, Hector, and Mehrdad Raisee. "Turbulent Flow and Heat Transfer in Stationary and Rotating Cooling Passages With Inclined Ribs on Opposite Walls." In ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-53245.
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This paper discusses the results of a numerical study of water flow through a straight, orthogonally rotating duct, with ribs along the leading and trailing walls, in a staggered arrangement and at an angle of 45° to the main flow direction. The rib spacing to duct height ratio (P/H) is 1, the rib height to duct height ratio (h/H) is 0.1 and the ribs are of square cross-section (h/w = 1). The two ribbed walls are heated, while the two smooth walls are thermally insulated. Flow computations have been produced using a three-dimensional, non-orthogonal flow solver, with two 2-layer models of turbulence (an effective-viscosity model and a second-moment closure), in which across the near-wall regions the dissipation rate of turbulence is obtained from the wall distance. The numerical predictions are first validated through comparisons with available flow and thermal measurements for stationary and rotating passages and are then used to explain how the inclined ribs and the orthogonal rotation influence the flow and thermal development. Flow comparisons have been carried out for a Reynolds number of 100,000 and for rotation numbers of 0 (stationary) and 0.1. Temperature comparisons have been obtained for a Reynolds number of 36,000, a Prandl number of 5.9 (water) and rotation numbers of 0 and 0.2. For the stationary case additional computations using air as the working fluid (Pr = 0.7), help to assess the effect of the molecular Prandtl number on the thermal characteristics. As we have also found in a recent study of flow through a stationary passage with inclined ribs, both 2-layer models returned similar flow and thermal predictions. The former are in close agreement with available LDA data and the latter are also consistent with available liquid crystal measurements. The flow and thermal developments are found to be dominated by the rib-induced secondary motion, which leads to strong spanwise variations in the mean flow and the local Nusselt number and to a uniform distribution of turbulence intensities across the duct. A reduction in the value of the Prandtl number, to that of air, leads to less rapid changes in the local Nusselt number, but does not change the overall thermal characteristics. Rotation causes the development of stronger secondary motion along the pressure side of the duct and also the transfer of the faster fluid to this side. As a result, along the pressure side the Nusselt number after each rib remains high across the ribbed side, while along suction side, the Nusselt number exhibits stronger reduction in the lateral direction. The flow predictions of both models are in close agreement with the rotating flow measurements. The thermal predictions, especially those of the second-moment closure, reproduce the levels and most of the local features of the measured Nusselt number, but over the second half of the rib interval over-predict the local Nusselt number.
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Torbidoni, Leonardo, and J. H. Horlock. "Calculation of the Expansion Through a Cooled Gas Turbine Stage." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68113.
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In recent work by the same authors [1], a new method for calculating the coolant flow requirements of a high temperature gas turbine blade was described. It involved consideration of successive chord-wise strips of blading; the coolant required in each strip was obtained by detailed study of the heat transfer processes across the wall of the blade and then setting limits on the maximum blade metal temperature. In the present paper, the gas state paths, involving viscous losses, heat transfer and mixing of the coolant with the mainstream, are determined strip-by-strip along the whole blade chord for the stator and rotor of the stage and illustrated on an enthalpy-entropy chart. The work output from each rotor strip is obtained together with the losses [entropy creation] through the whole stage. It is then possible to calculate the thermodynamic efficiency for the cooled turbine stage and compare it with that of the uncooled stage. Illustrative calculations are given, a main calculation being based on the mean flow across the blade pitch. But, in a second supplementary calculation, allowance is also made for flow variations across the blade pitch. By comparing these two calculations it is shown that the mean flow calculation is usually adequate.
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Simens, Mark P., and Javier Jime´nez. "Alternatives to Kelvin-Helmholtz Instabilities to Control Separation Bubbles." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90670.
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We study the control of two-dimensional laminar separation bubbles on a flat plate at low Reynolds numbers, using two-dimensional DNS. A range of steady separation bubbles is obtained varying the pressure gradient. They are forced by a zero-mass flow, oscillatory wall blowing with different perturbation amplitudes and frequencies. The reduction in bubble length as a function of frequency has two minima for sufficient high amplitudes. One of them is related to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability of the separated boundary layer, while the other, most effective one, is here denoted as the low-frequency regime. In this regime large vortices are created which are not a consequence of an instability of the original bubble. On the contrary the forcing creates an unsteady separation bubble which evolves into a large vortex. These vortices have large radii and attach to the wall due to their self-induced pressure field while convecting across the adverse pressure gradient zone. Scaling relations for the effect of the forcing are proposed and tested.
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Rao, A. D., D. Francuz, A. Verma, and G. S. Samuelsen. "Integration of Air Separation Unit With H2 Separation Membrane Reactor in Coal-Based Power Plant." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90191.
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A novel process configuration consisting of integrating the air separation unit with a H2 separation membrane reactor (HSMR) in a coal gasification based coproduction facility with near zero emissions is described. The plant utilizes an air separation unit operating at elevated pressure to produce an Intermediate Pressure (IP) N2 stream in addition to the O2 required by the coal gasifier. The syngas produced by the gasifier after cleanup is supplied to the membrane reactor which produces H2 by shifting the carbon monoxide while simultaneously separating the H2. The IP N2 is used as sweep gas to assist in the separation of the H2 diffusing across the membrane walls by decreasing the partial pressure of the H2 on the permeate side. The total pressure of gases on the permeate side may thus be increased such that the H2 / N2 mixture may be fed directly to the gas turbines at the required pressure without requiring cooling and compression of the H2. An added advantage is that the total pressure differential across the membrane wall is reduced. The N2 in the fuel gas functions both as a thermal diluent for reducing the formation of nitrogen oxides and as additional motive fluid for expansion in the turbine. The carbon dioxide rich gas (non-permeate) leaving the membrane reactor after catalytic oxidation of the residual combustibles constitutes the carbon capture stream which may be further compressed and pipelined for CO2 sequestration. High purity H2 may be coproduced for export from a portion of the H2-N2 stream leaving the HSMR utilizing a Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) unit. The techno-economic advantages of such a coproduction facility are addressed.
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Cardwell, N. D., K. A. Thole, and S. W. Burd. "Investigation of Sand Blocking Within Impingement and Film-Cooling Holes." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-51351.
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Gas turbines are not generally designed for operation with a particle laden inlet flow but, in fact, are commonly operated in unclean environments resulting in dirt, sand, and other debris ingestion. In addition to the negative effects within the main gas path, for aeroengines these particles are pulled into the coolant system where they can clog cooling passages and erode internal surfaces. Unlike previous research that focused on deposition and erosion within the main gas path, this study evaluated blocking in a double wall liner whereby both impingement and film-cooling holes were simulated. Double wall liners are commonly used in the combustor and turbine for combined internal and external cooling of metal components. Specifically, sand blockages were evaluated through comparisons of measured flowrates for a particular pressure ratio across the liner. Four liner geometries were tested whereby the coolant hole size and orientation were varied in test coupons. At ambient temperature, blocking was shown to be a function of the impingement flow area. A significant rise in blocking was observed as sand and metal temperatures were increased. The overlap between the impingement and film-cooling holes was also found to have a significant effect.
Reports on the topic "Across the Sea Wall"
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Praeg, D. B., A. N. Shor, B. MacLean, and D. J. W. Piper. Sea Marc I sidescan sonar survey line across the Southeast Baffin Shelf and Slope, Northwest Labrador Sea. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/130219.
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LEE, CHYUNGLY. Maritime Confidence Building Measures Across the Taiwan Strait: Technical Collaboration for Human Security at Sea. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/809993.
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Wang, Chao, Zhijie Xu, Kevin Lai, Greg A. Whyatt, Peter William Marcy, James R. Gattiker, and Xin Sun. PNNL Report on the Development of Bench-scale CFD Simulations for Gas Absorption across a Wetted Wall Column. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1427930.
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Zika, R. G., and P. J. Milne. Use of a laser based monitoring technique to measure trace gas fluxes across the air-sea interface. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6206790.
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Praeg, D., B. Maclean, D. J. W. Piper, and A. N. Shor. Study of Iceberg Scours Across the Continental Shelf and Slope Off Southeast Baffin Island using the Sea Marc I Midrange Sidescan Sonar. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/122494.
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Riedel, M., J. K. Hong, Y. K. Jin, K. M. M. Rohr, and M M Côté. First results on velocity analyses of multichannel seismic data acquired with the icebreaker RV Araon across the southern Beaufort Sea, offshore Yukon. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/298840.
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Edson, James B., Wade R. McGillis, Albert J. Plueddeman, Eugene A. Terray, John H. Trowbridge, III Williams, Weller Albert J., and Robert A. The Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer Experiment in Low to Moderate Winds (CBLAST-LOW): Flux Profile Relationships Across the Coupled Boundary Layers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628581.
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Trowbridge, John H., James B. Edson, Wade R. McGillis, Albert J. Plueddeman, Eugene A. Terray, III Williams, and Albert J. The Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer Experiment in Low to Moderate Winds (CBLAST-LOW): Flux Profile Relationships Across the Coupled Boundary Layers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627370.
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Atkinson, Dan, and Alex Hale, eds. From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.126.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under four headings: 1. From Source to Sea: River systems, from their source to the sea and beyond, should form the focus for research projects, allowing the integration of all archaeological work carried out along their course. Future research should take a holistic view of the marine and maritime historic environment, from inland lakes that feed freshwater river routes, to tidal estuaries and out to the open sea. This view of the landscape/seascape encompasses a very broad range of archaeology and enables connections to be made without the restrictions of geographical or political boundaries. Research strategies, programmes From Source to Sea: ScARF Marine and Maritime Panel Report iii and projects can adopt this approach at multiple levels; from national to site-specific, with the aim of remaining holistic and cross-cutting. 2. Submerged Landscapes: The rising research profile of submerged landscapes has recently been embodied into a European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action; Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology and Landscapes of the Continental Shelf (SPLASHCOS), with exciting proposals for future research. Future work needs to be integrated with wider initiatives such as this on an international scale. Recent projects have begun to demonstrate the research potential for submerged landscapes in and beyond Scotland, as well as the need to collaborate with industrial partners, in order that commercially-created datasets can be accessed and used. More data is required in order to fully model the changing coastline around Scotland and develop predictive models of site survival. Such work is crucial to understanding life in early prehistoric Scotland, and how the earliest communities responded to a changing environment. 3. Marine & Maritime Historic Landscapes: Scotland’s coastal and intertidal zones and maritime hinterland encompass in-shore islands, trans-continental shipping lanes, ports and harbours, and transport infrastructure to intertidal fish-traps, and define understanding and conceptualisation of the liminal zone between the land and the sea. Due to the pervasive nature of the Marine and Maritime historic landscape, a holistic approach should be taken that incorporates evidence from a variety of sources including commercial and research archaeology, local and national societies, off-shore and onshore commercial development; and including studies derived from, but not limited to history, ethnology, cultural studies, folklore and architecture and involving a wide range of recording techniques ranging from photography, laser imaging, and sonar survey through to more orthodox drawn survey and excavation. 4. Collaboration: As is implicit in all the above, multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches are essential in order to ensure the capacity to meet the research challenges of the marine and maritime historic environment. There is a need for collaboration across the heritage sector and beyond, into specific areas of industry, science and the arts. Methods of communication amongst the constituent research individuals, institutions and networks should be developed, and dissemination of research results promoted. The formation of research communities, especially virtual centres of excellence, should be encouraged in order to build capacity.
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Karstensen, Johannes, Alexandra Andrae, Ludwig Bitzan, Jakob Deutloff, Christiane Lösel, Paul J. Witting, Nils O. Niebaum, et al. Student cruise: Observing techniques for Physical Oceanographers Cruise No. AL529. GEOMAR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cr_al529.
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Oct. 07 2019 – Oct. 10, 2019 Kiel (Germany) – Kiel (Germany) MNF-Pher-110The main purpose of the ALKOR cruise AL529 was the training of students in observational techniques applied by physical oceanographers. The students who participated in the trip attend the module "Measurement Methods of Oceanography" which is offered in the Bachelor program "Physics of the Earth System" at CAU Kiel. During the AL529 the students were instructed in instrument calibration and in the interpretation of measurement data at sea. In addition, the students had the opportunity to learn about working and living at sea and to explore and study the impact of physical processes in the western Baltic Sea, the sea at their doorstep. The observations show a quasi-synoptic picture of the hydrography and currents in the western Baltic Sea. Twice-repeated hydrographic and current sections across the Fehmarn Belt show well the short time scales where significant changes occur. A zonal section along the deepest topography, from about 10°40'E to 014°21'E, shows very nicely the two-layer system of outflowing low salinity and inflowing North Sea water. A bottom shield anchorage shows the currents in the water column and the near-bottom temperature and salinity variations in the Fehmarnbelt area.