Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aciers faiblement alliés'
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Hausĭld, Petr. "Transition ductile-fragile dans un acier faiblement allié." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ECAP0848.
Full textNicoli, Cécile. "Etude et optimisation de la solidification d’aciers faiblement alliés lors du process de fonderie par inoculation." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0021/document.
Full textThe objective of this work is to improve the mechanical properties of a low-carbon steel (0.2%) without the use of expensive secondary metallurgy processes. For this, a method of inoculation, already used during the development of the cast iron, is transposed to our steel grade. It consists in adding very small quantities in liquid steel in order to modify the solidification process, thus the microstructure and consequently the properties of the steel, especially resilience. The addition of elements in very small quantities does not modify the grade of steel. They must be added at the end of melting of the metal in the form of powder in the casting stream. The effects of these elements will be seen on the microstructure, particularly in terms of inclusions and grain size. The "good candidate" is an element that will lead to a homogeneous distribution of inclusions of small size and spherical shape. It must also make it possible to reduce the size of the grains. These structural modifications are supposed to improve the mechanical properties of the steel and in particular the impact resistance. A reference piece is made to study the microstructure. The retained shape is a parallelepiped ingot sized using a casting simulation software to prevent major foundry defects. The size is adapted to the laboratory scale (furnace capacity 120 kg). The load corresponding to the grade studied are provided by the SAFE Metal, the partner company. The first step is to obtain a suitably deoxidized bath; that means adding aluminum in order to trap the dissolved oxygen and to evacuate it. To demonstrate any significant effects of the various inoculants tested, it is necessary to start from a reference sample containing a relatively high number of inclusions. This is achieved by adding sulfur to the liquid bath. This element acts directly on the number of inclusions present in the steel by forming sulphides. For the inoculation stage, it was necessary to create specific tools that could be adapted to the laboratory scale. Trials are then carried out with different products at varying concentrations. The samples obtained are analyzed by various techniques: chemical analysis of steel (spark spectrometry and ICP), microstructure and grain size analysis (optical micrograph) and inclusion counting. In order to detect inclusions, count and classify them by their nature, shape and size, two possibilities exist. Either using an optical microscope but the risks of error are significant and the process is long and tedious, either using a specific software (AZtec) coupled to a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is this choice that was made, because besides the fact that it allows a considerable saving of time thanks to an automation of the process, it is possible to know via an EDS probe, the chemical composition of each particle. For all the products tested, it was shown that inoculation had little effect on the size of the inclusions and that they became more complex by containing several chemical elements. For some products, clusters of inclusions appear. These clusters are likely to promote the fragility of steel by forming cracking primers. For others, the inclusions decrease sharply, have a globular shape and the grain size is refined. These effects tend to improve the mechanical properties of these steels. The introductory content of the inoculant is also determined for maximum effectiveness. The most efficient inoculant can be used for a possible industrialization
Hantcherli, Muriel. "Influence d'éléments d'addition sur les transformations de la martensite revenue dans les aciers faiblement alliés." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00541049.
Full textHantcherli, Muriel. "Influence d’éléments d’addition sur les transformations de la martensite revenue dans les aciers faiblement alliés." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EMSE0570/document.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to optimise the strength of a tempered martensitic medium C steel, containing low-level of Cr, V and Si/Al. A series of high purity "model" ternary alloys (Fe-C–X, X=Cr, V, Si, Al) was prepared (EMSE) by the cold crucible method. The initial structures of quenched alloys were optimised through appropriate austenitizing conditions. Analysis of alloys behaviour on tempering was performed through carbide precipitation characterisation (X-ray diffraction, SEM and TEM), completed by hardness and dilatometric measurements. The behaviour of "model" alloys was compared to that of the industrial material.Vanadium addition is responsible for two effects: (i) vanadium carbides lock the grain growth during the austenitizing; (ii) dissolved vanadium promotes the precipitation of (V,Cr)3C, that is at the origin of a secondary hardening peak near 550°C. Silicon addition has an interesting effect, as it stabilises the martensitic matrix and increases the temperature of cementite precipitation. Therefore, a high value of hardness is conserved up to high tempering temperatures.Unfortunately, because of some noxious properties, the industrial process in concern excludes the presence of Si. That’s why two new model alloys have been prepared and tested, in which the silicon addition (i) was absent, or (ii) replaced by Al.Aluminium has been shown to be "neuter" vs tempering behaviour. Moreover, the interesting effect of secondary hardening (550°C) has been observed in both Si-free steels, showing that alloying with only Cr and V can be enough to get the expected behaviour of the studied steel
Giordana, Séverine. "Corrosion d'aciers faiblement alliés au silicium en solution aqueuse à 90°C : action inhibitrice des silicates." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066157.
Full textDajoux, Malard Emilie. "Corrosion des aciers faiblement alliés en eau de mer naturelle : influence des éléments d'alliage et des bactéries." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN2047.
Full textMetallic infrastructures immersed in natural seawater are exposed to important corrosion phenomena, sometimes characterised as microbiologically influenced corrosion. The presence of alloying elements in low alloy steels could present a corrosion resistance improvement of the structures. In this context, tests are performed with commercial steel grades, from 0,05wt% Cr to 11,5wt% Cr. They consist in “on site” immersion in natural seawater on the one hand, and in laboratory tests with immersion in media enriched with marine sulphide-producing bacteria on the other hand. Gravimetric, microbiological, electrochemical measurements and corrosion product analyses are carried out and show that corrosion phenomenon is composed of several stages. A preliminary step is the reduction of the corrosion kinetics and is correlated with the presence of sessile sulphide-producing bacteria and an important formation of sulphur-containing species. This phase is shorter when the alloying element content of the steel increases. This phase is probably followed by an increase of corrosion, appearing clearly after an 8-month immersion in natural seawater for some of the grade steels. Chromium and molybdenum show at the same time a beneficial influence to generalised corrosion resistance and a toxic effect on sulphide-producing bacteria. This multidisciplinary study reflects the complexity of the interactions between bacteria and steels ; sulphide-producing bacteria seem to be involved in corrosion processes in natural seawater and complementary studies would have to clarify occurring mechanisms
David, Isabelle. "Mécanismes contrôlant les évolutions structurales dans des aciers faiblement alliés au Nickel-Chrome-Molybdène : analyse détaillée de la transformation bainitique et influence de l'addition silicium au cours du revenu." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112434.
Full textGarcin, Thomas. "Effets thermodynamiques et cinétiques d'un champ magnétique statique sur les transformations de phases dans les aciers faiblement alliés." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10298.
Full textThis work is devoted to the quantification of the magnetic field effect on phase transformations in iron based alloys and steels. Pure iron, Fe-xNi substitutional alloys, Fe-xC-Mn steels and Fe-C-Mn-xSi steels are used to explore a wide range of transformations and microstructures. A high temperature dilatometer and a magnetic balance for magnetic susceptibility measurements are used for the in situ characterisation of diffusional phase transformation in magnetic field up to 16T. A third device has been developed for the treatment ofmaterials in magnetic field and includes, for the first time, a quenching step using water, oil or pulsed gas. Non-equilibrium transformation temperatures measured up to 16T in a large set of materials are found to be increased by the application of a magnetic field. Ln a similar approach as the model used to estimate the effect ofhydrostatic pressure on the phase equilibrium, the shift induced by the magnetic field is calculated. Microstructure characterisation of rapidly cooled plain carbon steels has shown large structural modifications in induced by the magnetic field. From a mixture of bainite and martensite in the sample treated without any magnetic field, the austenite transforms into allotriomorphic ferrite ami Widmanstatten ferrite in a matrix ofbainite and martensite in the presence of magnetic field. This work brings solid evidence that magnetic field can be used as a new degree of freedom in physical metallurgy. Combined with existing techniques, it could lead to the successful processing of improved materials
Libert, Maximilien. "Influence des mécanismes de plasticité sur la transition ductile fragile des aciers faiblement alliés. Etude de l'irradiation sur le comportement." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00270833.
Full textLes modèles d'approche locale de la rupture par clivage constituent l'un des principaux outils de prédiction de la ténacité des aciers faiblement alliés. La dispersion des contraintes à rupture est interprétée comme un effet de la distribution des défauts dans la microstructure, mais l'effet des hétérogénéités mécaniques n'est pas pris en compte. Or, en dessous d'une température de transition de comportement Ta (de l'ordre de 25°C), les mécanismes de déformation sont grandement affectés par la température et la vitesse de déformation.
Notre approche consiste à prendre en compte l'effet des hétérogénéités de contraintes dans un critère local d'amorçage du clivage. Les résultats de calculs de microstructure sont utilisés pour proposer une description statistique de l'évolution des distributions de contraintes locales. Cette approche statistique permet de proposer un modèle d'approche locale de la rupture dépendant à la fois des hétérogénéités mécaniques et des distributions de tailles de défauts.
Le comportement du matériau et son évolution sont caractérisés aux échelles microscopique et macroscopique dans le domaine de température [25°C,-196°C]. Des essais de traction simple, de sauts de vitesse et de température, et de ténacité sont réalisés.
Nous proposons un modèle de comportement micromécanique décrivant le comportement plastique en dessous de la température de transition Ta. La loi de comportement est basée sur les mécanismes de déformation décrits dans la bibliographie et identifiées par méthode inverse à partir des essais mécaniques. Les observations au MET et la caractérisation du comportement activé thermiquement permettent de fixer plusieurs paramètres du modèle.
Des simulations sont réalisées afin de modéliser les distributions de contrainte principale Σ1 dans deux microstructures bainitiques correspondant au volume élémentaire de l'approche locale de la rupture. L'effet de la température et de la triaxialité sur l'évolution des hétérogénéités est caractérisé. Nous proposons une fonction de distribution décrivant la distribution des valeurs locales de Σ en fonction des contraintes principales et équivalente <Σ> et <Σmises> moyennes dans la microstructure.
Cette fonction est utilisée pour formuler un modèle d'approche locale de la rupture intégrant la distribution des tailles de défauts critiques et les distributions de Σ1.. On montre que dans certains cas, la dispersion des contraintes locales suffit à expliquer les dispersions des contraintes à rupture à l'échelle du volume élémentaire. Les dispersions de contraintes à rupture sont en accord avec celles prédites par le modèle de Beremin. La prise en compte des hétérogénéités mécaniques permet d'introduire une dépendance de la probabilité de rupture en fonction de la température, de la déformation et de la triaxialité. Il reste à appliquer le modèle d'approche locale au calcul d'éprouvettes CT et de comparer les dispersions de ténacités simulées à celles mesurées expérimentalement.
Blaineau, Pierre. "Restitution de la microtexture parente à partir de la microtexture héritée mesurée par EBSD : une application aux aciers faiblement alliés." Thesis, Metz, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010METZ042S.
Full textThe metallurgical state of the austenite before the last cooling (grain size, texture, strain hardening ...) cannot be directly characterized because the austenite transforms during the last cooling. However, it influences remarkably the in use properties of steels. This thesis proposes an indirect automatic method to restore the austenitic microtexture from the microtexture of the inherited phases (martensite, bainite) at low temperature, measured by EBSD. This method requires three prerequisites: 1) the presence of an orientation relationship between the parent austenite and the transformation product, 2) the inherited phase has to be formed in the grain with which it is related and 3) there is a sufficient number of variants. Its validation has been performed both on numerical examples and for low alloyed steels. The restitution of austenitic grain boundaries is efficient but sensitive to variants in orientation relationship with several adjacent parent grains. These ambiguous situations are mainly generated by the presence of twins in austenite grains or by selection of variants at the austenitic grain boundaries. In this case, it is possible to improve the quality of the restitution of the parent contours (especially the twins boundaries) by taking into account topological information. These restitution methods consequently allow to identify twins or variant selection at grain boundaries and thus to better analyze local texture inheritance mechanisms. Therefore, the developed methods can be generalized to other phase transformations
Libert, Maximilien. "Etudes expérimentale et numérique de l'effet des mécanismes de plasticité sur la rupture fragile par clivage dans les aciers faiblement alliés." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00413677.
Full textLes modèles d'approche locale de la rupture par clivage constituent l'un des principaux outils de prédiction de la ténacité des aciers faiblement alliés. La dispersion des contraintes à rupture est interprétée comme un effet de la distribution des défauts dans la microstructure, mais l'effet des hétérogénéités mécaniques n'est pas pris en compte. Or, en dessous d'une température de transition de comportement Ta (de l'ordre de 25°C), les mécanismes de déformation sont grandement affectés par la température et la vitesse de déformation.
Notre approche consiste à prendre en compte l'effet des hétérogénéités de contraintes dans un critère local d'amorçage du clivage. Les résultats de calculs de microstructure sont utilisés pour proposer une description statistique de l'évolution des distributions de contraintes locales. Cette approche statistique permet de proposer un modèle d'approche locale de la rupture dépendant à la fois des hétérogénéités mécaniques et des distributions de tailles de défauts.
Le comportement du matériau et son évolution sont caractérisés aux échelles microscopique et macroscopique dans le domaine de température [25°C,-196°C]. Des essais de traction simple, de sauts de vitesse et de température, et de ténacité sont réalisés.
Nous proposons un modèle de comportement micromécanique décrivant le comportement plastique en dessous de la température de transition Ta. La loi de comportement est basée sur les mécanismes de déformation décrits dans la bibliographie et identifiée par méthode inverse à partir des essais mécaniques. Les observations au MET et la caractérisation du comportement activé thermiquement permettent de fixer plusieurs paramètres du modèle.
Des simulations sont réalisées afin de modéliser les distributions de contrainte principale σ1 dans deux microstructures bainitiques correspondant au volume élémentaire de l'approche locale de la rupture. L'effet de la température et de la triaxialité sur l'évolution des hétérogénéités est caractérisé. Nous proposons une fonction de distribution décrivant la distribution des valeurs locales de σ1 en fonction des contraintes principales et équivalente <σ1> et <σmises> moyennes dans la microstructure.
Cette fonction est utilisée pour formuler un modèle d'approche locale de la rupture intégrant la distribution des tailles de défauts critiques et les distributions de σ1. On montre que dans certains cas, la dispersion des contraintes locales suffit à expliquer les dispersions des contraintes à rupture à l'échelle du volume élémentaire. Les dispersions de contraintes à rupture sont en accord avec celles prédites par le modèle de Beremin. La prise en compte des hétérogénéités mécaniques permet d'introduire une dépendance de la probabilité de rupture en fonction de la température, de la déformation et de la triaxialité. Il reste à appliquer le modèle d'approche locale au calcul d'éprouvettes CT et de comparer les dispersions de ténacités simulées à celles mesurées expérimentalement.
Trevisiol, Céline. "Effet de la microstructure et de la rugosité sur le comportement au frottement et à l’usure d’aciers faiblement alliés." Thesis, Compiègne, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018COMP2430.
Full textThis thesis is an experimental work highlighting the effects of microstructure and roughness on friction and wear behavior of low alloy steels. That's why, low alloyed steels are carrefully selected in order to generate precise microstructures. Thus, different samples characterized by a chemical composition, a microstructure and a macro-hardness are generated and characterized tribojogically by performing friction tests. An original reflection was conducted to study the tribological behavior of the same steel with different microstructures for the same level of macrohardness. In addition, the effect of normal load on the contribution of microstructure and roughness on tribological behavior is investigated. This characterization is carried out by measurements of friction coefficient, wear rate, roughness parameters, micro-hardness and nanoindentation tests, energy dispersive analyzes, observatibns by using scanning electron microscopy and analysis of wear mechanisms. Finally, 273 configurations are studied and different trends are identified, Moreover, a comparison between the results from an experimental approach and a modeling approach of the tribological behavior of dual-phase microstructures was carried out. From this study, reflections are performed as regards the modes of the applied pressure pressure between the phases as function of roughness and normal load during the experimental friction tests
Bulidon, Nicolas. "Etude de la fissuration assistée par l'environnement des aciers peu alliés en situation de stockage géologique des déchets radioactifs." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI046/document.
Full textThe aim of the work is to assess the susceptibility to environmental assisted cracking (EAC) of steels used for the deep geological storage of radioactive waste. The storage concept is based on the encapsulation of the waste in a carbon steel containers then placed in micro-tunnels drilled 500 meter deep in Clay. These micro-tunnels are built with a micro-alloyed casing steel. Recently, the storage concept has evolved with the injection of a cementitious bentonite grout between the clay and the casing to balance the potential acidity resulting from the excavation of the micro-tunnels and the gradual saturation of rock with water. Effect of this grout on the risk of corrosion and EAC is also evaluated in the PhD work. In the mild disposal environment considered (pH close to neutrality, low carbonate content), formation of a corrosion product scale composed of siderite and magnetite has been identified. This scale leads to a pseudo-passive state of both steel grades with thus a possible risk of EAC. The risk of EAC was thus first studied and a material selection for the disposal concept was thus first made accordingly. The protective nature of the siderite/magnetite corrosion scale was then studied and reproduced in laboratory using electrochemical techniques. This work allowed for the evaluation of the resistance of each selected steel with respect to general corrosion and EAC. The results did not underlined significant cracking susceptibility of the considered steel grades. Under deposit corrosion seems to be the main form of attack in aerated waste disposal environments but the influence of the presence of low oxygen levels has to be further explored
Andrieu, Antoine. "Mécanismes et modélisation multi-échelle de la rupture fragile trans- et inter-granulaire des aciers pour réacteurs à eau sous pression, en lien avec le vieillissement thermique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00957868.
Full textGodet, François. "Influence de la microstructure sur le comportement mécanique d’une couche nitrurée de l’acier de nuance 33CrMoV12-9 en vue de l’optimisation des propriétés en fatigue." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0046/document.
Full textDesign of high-performance and lighter mechanical systems needs a perpetual work on materials used. In the power transmission field, gaseous nitriding thermochemical treatment enhances significantly the life-cycle of the parts which are higher stressed on the surface. While the contribution of the mechanical property gradients due to the treatment on the fatigue life is well-known, the microstructure effects on the (micro-)plasticity mechanisms remains undetermined. This work concerns exclusively the nitrided 33CrMoV12-9 graded steel, used for gears and bearings in the naval and aeronautical industry. It aims particularly at defining mechanical properties linked to crack initiation mechanisms during high-cycle fatigue. Properties such as Young modulus, hardness, yield stress and fatigue limits are looked at several scales, from microstructural ones to hardened case one. In-situ and post-mortem investigation on loaded and damaged nitrided layers leads to estimating the microstructural influence on local deformations, microplasticity and damage but no particular mechanisms were found. Special fully-nitrided parts were designed to perform the experiments. This tool helps to carry out simple loadings and measure the strain-hardening curve and fatigue limits. Finally, it as been attested that measured properties depend on scales, means and methodology
Trombert, Christian. "Etude de la ductilité à chaud d'aciers faiblement alliés." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG4201.
Full textRazzak, Mohammad. "Precipitation and abnormal grain growth in low alloy steels." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01015867.
Full textKantidis, Emmanuel. "Rupture fragile intergranulaire d'un acier faiblement allié : approches globale et locale /." Gif-sur-Yvette : Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb356268930.
Full textMundheri, Mohammed H. al. "Approches globale et locale de la rupture fragile et ductile d'aciers faiblement alliés (16 MND 5) : influence de l'irradiation." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112113.
Full textKantidis, Emmanuel. "Rupture fragile intergranulaire d'un acier faiblement allie. Approches globales et locale." Paris, ENMP, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ENMP0400.
Full textRossoll, Andreas. "Détermination de la ténacité d'un acier faiblement allié à partir de l'essai Charpy instrumenté." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ECAP0629.
Full textRemita, Elias. "Etude de la corrosion d'un acier faiblement allié en milieu confiné contenant du CO2 dissous." Paris 6, 2007. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004934.
Full textGallovits, Chabchoub Myriam. "Oxydation d'aciers faiblement alliés et d'aciers inoxydables par plasma type Glidarc; analyse spectroscopique de la couche d'oxydes développée et du plasma." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES078.
Full textGENTY, ALAIN. "Etude experimentale et numerique de l'amorcage et de l'arret de fissure, sous choc thermique, dans un acier faiblement allie (16mnd5)." Paris, ENMP, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ENMP0189.
Full textCarassou, Sébastien. "Déclenchement du clivage dans un acier faiblement allié : rôle de l'endommagement ductile localisé autour des inclusions." ENSMP, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENMP0935.
Full textMOLINIE, ERIC. "Mecanique et mecanismes de l'endommagement et de la fissuration en viscoplasticite des aciers ferritiques faiblement allies. Elements d'estimation de la duree de vie residuelle de composants fissures." Paris, ENMP, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ENMP0290.
Full textSojka, Jaroslav. "Fragilisation par l'hydrogène d'aciers faiblement alliés, utilisés dans l'industrie nucléaire : rôle de la microstructure et de l'état inclusionnaire." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0538.
Full textAlami, Jaafar el. "Recherche par des essais de traction lente des conditions de corrosion sous contrainte d'aciers faiblement allies." Paris, ENSAM, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENAM0006.
Full textRENEVEY, STEPHANE. "Approches globale et locale de la rupture dans le domaine de transition fragile-ductile d'un acier faiblement allie." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112249.
Full textCatteau, Simon. "Effets du carbone et de l’azote sur les cinétiques de décomposition de l’austénite dans un acier faiblement allié : étude expérimentale et modélisation." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0390/document.
Full textCarbonitriding thermochemical treatments followed by quench are commonly employed to improve wear and fatigue resistance of mechanical parts. However, the origin of this gain of mechanical properties is not well known. The objective of this PhD thesis is to characterize and to model, for a low-alloyed 23MnCrMo5 steel, the influence of austenite carbon and nitrogen concentrations on phase transformations kinetics during cooling. As a first step, the experimental procedure is based on the elaboration of specimens homogeneously enriched in carbon, nitrogen or carbon+nitrogen, thanks to a specifically designed process. Then, phase transformation kinetics and microstructural evolutions are studied by dilatometry, by high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction and by TEM. The introduction of nitrogen induces a strong acceleration of the phase transformation kinetics and much finer microstructures, in particular in high temperature range (500_C - 700_C). We attribute these effects to the nucleation of ferrite on CrN nitrides, which precipitated in austenite during the enrichment. In addition, the hardnesses are much higher than in specimens enriched in carbon. In situ XRD also allowed identifying the evolutions of the different phases (austenite, ferrite, cementite, CrN) and their chronology during the bainitic transformation. Finally, a model to predict the phase transformation kinetics is developed inorder to simulate the microstructure and hardness profiles inside layers enriched in carbon and/or nitrogen, leading to satisfactory agreement between simulation and experiments
Le, Breton Jean-Marie. "Etude par spectrométrie Mössbauer de la corrosion d'alliages métalliques : aimants permanents Nd-Fe-B ; acier faiblement allié en eau de mer naturelle." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES050.
Full textRAOUL, STEPHANE. "Rupture intergranulaire fragile d'un acier faiblement allie induite par la segregation d'impuretes aux joints de grains : influence de la microstructure." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA112110.
Full textBatisse, Rémi. "Contribution à la modélisation de la rupture ductile des aciers : étude quantitative de l'état inclusionnaire d'un acier ferritique faiblement allié au Mn-Ni-Mo et de son influence sur l'amorçage et la propagation de la déchirure ductile." Compiègne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988COMPI279.
Full textBatisse, Rémi. "Contribution à la modélisation de la rupture ductile des aciers étude quantitative de l'état inclusionnaire d'un acier ferritique faiblement allié au Mn-Ni-Mo et de son influence sur l'amorçage et la propagation de la déchirure ductile /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611643r.
Full textDavid, Isabelle. "Mécanismes contrôlant les évolutions structurales dans des aciers faiblements alliés au Nickel-Chrome-Molybdène analyse détaillée de la transformation bainitique et influence de l'addition silicium au cours du revenu /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37604407v.
Full textBouyne, Emmanuel. "Propagation et arrêt de fissure de clivage dans l'acier 2 1/4 cr-1 mo." Paris, ENMP, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENMP0896.
Full textCochet, Julien. "Conception optimisée et comportement en service de manilles forgées." Thesis, Lorient, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORIS241.
Full textShackles used for the assembly or the mooring of petroleum platforms require constantly higher mechanical properties. But the manufacturing defects often lead to premature failure which can cost 1M€/day. Thus, in order to understand and anticipate those manufacturing defects, three numerical tools have been developed to simulate (i) the manufacturing process, (ii) the heat treatment and (iii) the mechanical behavior of the shackle. A shackle is manufactured via a sequence of hot forming stages and the manufacturing process has been characterized during all the stages, with measures of temperature, geometry and loads. The numerical thermo-mechanical model has been developed in 3D and gives a very good prediction of each forging parameters. A numerical study of influence of some process parameters has led to a better understanding of scrapping. Temperature measurements, metallographic observations as well as mechanical testing have been carried out on cylindrical rods after various heat treatment cycles. The numerical heat treatment model has been developed in 1D and predicts phase transformations during normalizing and quenching, as well as the hardness at each point of the rod. Finally, the distribution of the mechanical properties over a shackle has been characterized and the deformation modes of the shackle were evaluated via a load test on a dedicated bench. The numerical model of the shackle under tension has been developed in 3D and allows to evaluate the working load limit, the break load as well as the critical zone of the shackle
Mathieu, Jean-Philippe. "Analyse et modélisation micromécanique du comportement et de la rupture fragile de l'acier 16MND5 : prise en compte des hétérogénéités microstructurales." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002143.
Full textCussac, Paul. "Influence d’imperfections surfaciques sur la tenue en fatigue de composants nucléaires." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESMA0001.
Full textGiven the stringent requirements of high levels of safety in nuclear components, stakeholders of the French nuclear industry must anticipate the presence of residual surface imperfections in these components. Such imperfections could be introduced during manufacturing or maintenance operations. The incidence of surface irregularities on the fatigue strength of metallic components has tobe considered. Meanwhile, nuclear components can be loaded under low-cycle fatigue and large-scale plasticity conditions. The first objective of this work isthento assess to what extent the fatigue life of typical nuclear materials may be affected by the presence of such surface irregularities. In parallel, thisstudy aims at describing, qualitativelyand quantitatively, the crack initiation and propagation from these imperfections. In order to meet these objectives, a uni-axial fatigue test campaign, conducted under fully-reversed total axial strain control, in the air at room temperature, has been carried out on the cylindrical specimens (Φ 9 mm). Surface imperfections were artificially introduced onto the specimens. The electric potential trackingmethod has been mainly usedto monitor the crack initiation, micro and macro propagation phases from surface imperfections. Additional experimental and numerical actions have been carried out to calibrate the potential monitoring. The results of thetest campaigndemonstrate a significant influence of the presence of imperfections on the9 mm specimensfatigue strength. The useof electrical methodhas allowedto determine crackinitiation and growth ratesfrom surface imperfections. The identification of a representative parameter of the propagation driving force,in the context of generalized plasticity associated with the tests carried out,has also allowed to analysedata relating to propagation kinetics in a predictive perspective
Henon-Vernet, Christine. "Contribution à l'étude métallurgique d'une liaison bimétallique soudée 16MND5/309/308." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0021.
Full textTigges, Domini. "Nocivité des défauts sous revêtement des cuves de réacteurs à eau sous pressions." Paris, ENMP, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENMP0588.
Full textRemita, Elias. "Étude de la corrosion d'un acier faiblement allié en milieu confiné contenant du CO2 dissous." Phd thesis, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004934.
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