Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Acid-base'
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Brimioulle, Serge. "Acid-base status and pulmonary circulation." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213199.
Full textSo, Sonia Sung. "NEW LEWIS ACID/LEWIS BASE BINDER." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193010.
Full textJensen, Jana D. "STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDINGS OF ACID-BASE REACTIONS INVESTIGATED THROUGH THEIR CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES AND THE ACID-BASE REACTIONS CONCEPT INVENTORY." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1365611297.
Full textIwama, George Katsushi. "Strategies for acid-base regulation in fishes." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27114.
Full textScience, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
Wenger, Delphine. "Acid and Base Behaviour in Water Clusters." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Molekyl- och kondenserade materiens fysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-260239.
Full textMilroy, D. "Acid and base catalysis in ionic liquids." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432850.
Full textAlmond, Kevin Michael. "Hepatic glutamine synthesis and acid-base regulation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305107.
Full textKoning, Paul Alan. "Investigation of acid/base interactions in adhesion." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53558.
Full textPh. D.
Colombo, Sandro de Miranda. "Isolamento, purificação e caracterização de substâncias húmicas isoladas de vermicomposto. Propriedades ácido-base e de complexação com íons Cu(II)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46133/tde-23102006-135342/.
Full textAcid base and complexation with Cu(II) ions were studied for humic (AH) and fulvic (AF) acids extracted from vermicompost. The isolation and purification was performed according the procedure described by the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS). The acid base properties were studied by potentiometric titration in 0,10 mol L-1 KNO3 using modified Gran functions. Five classes of ionizable sites were characterized, showing a predominance of carboxylic over phenolic and aminic groups, especially for AF, which has total acidity larger than the one determined for AH. Complexing properties with Cu(II) ions were studied by potentiometric titration at pH 4, 5 and 6 using Cu(II) ion-selective electrode. Data treatment was performed using the Scatchard method, as well as non-linear regression with the Langmuir equation. At pH 5 and 6, two classes of binding sites were characterized, but at pH 4 only a single complexing site was characterized. Stability and capacity increased with pH, suggesting competition of protons by the binding sites. The results indicate larger stability and capacity for complexation with AH in comparison with AF. This trend was also verified by differential equilibrium functions at low degree of site occupation.
Quezada, Cruz Patricio Ignacio, and Pontus Falk. "ACID and BASE in POSTGRESQL : Distributed database performance." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168663.
Full textHoang, Bang. "Protonation and Other Acid-Base Chemistry of Chlorophosphazenes." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1124822574.
Full textFerrante, Pamela L. "Acid-base regulation during exercise in the horse." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-164656/.
Full textFalk, Pontus, and Ignacio Quezada. "ACID and BASE in PostgreSQL : DISTRIBUTED DATABASE PERFORMANCE." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168669.
Full textMoorby, H. "Environmental conditions affecting acid-base changes around plant roots." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375279.
Full textLindsay, Anita Geraldine. "Mechanism-guided studies of Brønsted acid and base organocatalysis." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/314/.
Full textTaylor, Deanna Lesley. "Alterations in interstitial acid-base homeostasis during cerebral ischaemia." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267025.
Full textZarkadis, George. "An intelligent decision support system for acid-base diagnosis." Thesis, City University London, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235504.
Full textLusardi, Marcella R. (Marcella Rose). "Acid-base catalysts for polycondensation of acetaldehyde in flow." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101563.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-74).
Acetaldehyde is used as a bio-oil model compound in a polycondensation reaction over two acid-base catalysts, pelletized Evonik P25 TiO₂ and an activated hydrotalcite-like compound (HTlc), to produce high molecular weight molecules in the transportation fuel range. The catalytic performance of these materials is evaluated in a gas phase, atmospheric flow system with a packed bed microreactor designed to mimic process conditions in one step of the overall bio-oil upgrading scheme. The HTlc is activated through calcination at 500 °C followed by rehydration in decarbonated H₂O, generating the active acid-base hydroxyl pairs. Materials are characterized through XRD, low temperature N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherm experiments, TGA, and XPS. In initial experiments, high conversions are achieved but all converted acetaldehyde forms carbonaceous deposits on the catalyst surfaces over a range of temperatures and residence times. When the catalyst bed is reduced by 80%, decreasing both residence time and vapor-solid contact area, high conversions are maintained and the production of liquid phase condensation products is observed on the order of seconds. While yields are low, it is promising that tuning the packed bed results in decreased deposits and generation of liquid phase products. Further adjustments of reaction parameters and catalyst activity are of interest as future work, including shorter residence times and bed lengths, co-feeding a reaction inhibitor, and specific catalyst syntheses for control over active sites.
by Marcella R. Lusardi.
S.M.
Lynch, Ailsa S. "Base-metal catalysis for the hydrogenation of acetic acid." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5162/.
Full textMcIlwaine, Rachel Elizabeth. "Nonlinear dynamics of acid- and base-regulated chemical systems." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/797/.
Full textGraham-Thiers, Patricia M. "Dietary Protein Moderates Acid-Base Responses to Repeated Sprints in Exercising Horses." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40428.
Full textPh. D.
Bäckman, T. (Tuula). "Acid-base balance, dentinogenesis and dental caries:experimental studies in rats." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 1999. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514253620.
Full textHeinrich, Hannah Tabea Monika, and n/a. "Acid-base and Cd�⁺ adsorption properties of two thermophilic bacteria." University of Otago. Department of Chemistry, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080107.095128.
Full textGlavas, Suzana. "Studies on the catalytic acid/base residues of glutamate racemase." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0017/NQ46348.pdf.
Full textYam, Chi Ming. "Simple acid-base hydrolytic chemistry approach to molecular self-assembly." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0028/NQ50283.pdf.
Full textYam, Chi Ming 1968. "Simple acid-base hydrolytic chemistry approach to molecular self-assembly." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35956.
Full textUsing the acid-base hydrolytic chemistry approach, silica surfaces functionalized with Sn-NEt2 groups can be easily modified using a number of terminal alkyne molecules with varied backbones. SAMs of a variety of rigid-rod alkynes on silica surfaces were successfully prepared. The pi-pi interactions in the molecules lead to ordered and densely packed thin film structures with a surface coverage of 2--7 molecules/100 A 2. The thin film assembly with diacetylene backbone was also subjected to topochemical polymerization, and upon UV-Vis exposure, the formation of a blue film was observed. Furthermore, a layer-by-layer construction methodology using aminostannanes and dialkyne terminated molecules containing alkyl or aromatic type backbone led to multilayered structures on silica surfaces without increasing disorder in the thin films with the increase in number of layers. The acetylene groups in the thin film assemblies were found to coordinate with cobalt carbonyl, corroborated by the observation of lambdamax at 277 nm.
Wilson, Michael Charles. "Connections Between Acid-Base Interactions and the Work of Adhesion." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1586439939982267.
Full textTaylor, Lynn Elizabeth. "Acid-base regulation during sprint exercise in horses fed lecithin." Diss., This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-163251/.
Full textKim, Shang U. "SYNTHETIC EFFORTS TOWARD FUMONISIN via AMINO ACID SCHIFF BASE METHODOLOGY." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193674.
Full textThomson, Robert Brent. "Cellular mechanisms of acid/base transport in an insect excretory epithelium." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31306.
Full textScience, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
Hyde, Douglas A. "Strategies for acid-base regulation in the American eel, Anguilla rostrata." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5321.
Full textGoss, Gregory Gerard. "Interrelationships between gill morphology and acid-base regulation in freshwater fish." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6794.
Full textStein, Andrew. "Improvement in acid/base status and nutrition in peritoneal dialysis patients." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29588.
Full textCollard, Marie. "Acid-base regulation, calcification and tolerance to ocean acidification in echinoderms." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209286.
Full textTolerance to ocean acidification in metazoans is linked to their acid-base regulation capacities when facing environmental hypercapnia (i.e. increased CO2 concentration in the surrounding environment). The latter may result in a hypercapnia of the internal fluids and a concomitant acidosis (i.e. reduced pH of the internal fluids due to the dissociation of CO2 in this case). Organisms have two buffer systems allowing the compensation of this acidosis: the CO2-bicarbonate and the non-bicarbonate buffers. Homeostasis of the internal fluids thanks to these systems is essential for the proper functioning of enzymes and processes. As hypometabolic calcifying osmoconformers, three of the characteristics conferring a relative vulnerability to ocean acidification, echinoderms are considered “at risk” for the near-future conditions. Nonetheless, post-metamorphic (juveniles and adults) echinoderms inhabit all environments showing naturally low pH. Furthermore, sea urchins which are highly calcified (compared to sea stars or sea cucumbers) are also found in these environments. This suggests that echinoderms have strategies to adapt or acclimate to low pH environments. Recent studies indicated that while sea urchins are able to regulate their coelomic (extracellular) fluid by accumulation of bicarbonate, sea stars seem to tolerate the acidosis linked to environmental hypercapnia. However, this information was obtained on a reduced number of species and significant interspecific differences were evidenced. Some taxa have not been investigated at all. Furthermore, several aspects of the acid-base physiology were unexplored, like the buffering capacity of the extracellular fluid and the origin of carbon within these fluids.
Accordingly, the goal of this study was to characterize the acid-base physiology in post-metamorphic echinoderms of different taxa in order to understand their response to ocean acidification.
The acid-base regulation capacities within the different echinoderm taxa were compared. A method was designed to measure the total alkalinity in small volumes (500 µl) of the main extracellular fluid (the coelomic fluid). This study showed that regular euechinoids have an increased buffer capacity in their coelomic fluid compared to seawater and the other echinoderm groups. In sea urchins, bicarbonate and non-bicarbonate buffers come into play, the former playing the major role. This buffer capacity was increased in fed individuals compared to fasted ones and increased further when seawater pH was lowered.
The acid-base regulation capacities of sea urchins from different taxa were investigated. Regular euechinoids possess an increased buffer capacity of the coelomic fluid allowing them to maintain a higher pH compared to cidaroids at current seawater pH. This pattern was found for temperate, tropical and Antarctic sea urchins. Data was also obtained for irregular echinoids which also showed a particularly low extracellular pH and a buffer capacity close to seawater like cidaroids. When exposed to reduced seawater pH (8.0, 7.7, and 7.4) for 4-6 weeks, regular euechinoids showed an increasing buffer capacity of the coelomic fluid accompanied by a homeostasis of the pH. On the contrary, cidaroids showed no changes in their acid-base status whatever the seawater pH (8.0 to 7.4). The origin of coelomic fluid carbon, investigated by stable carbon isotope analysis, also differs according to taxa. The δ13CDIC of regular euechinoids evidenced a mixing between CO2 from metabolic origin and that from the surrounding seawater. This is further supported by the correlation between the seawater signal of reduced pH conditions (modified by the addition of industrial gas, changing the δ13C to more negative values) and that of the coelomic fluid. On the other hand, cidaroids exhibit a signal reflecting principally metabolic CO2 (very negative δ13C), and the δ13C did not change under varying pH conditions (i.e. did not adapt to the seawater δ13CDIC signature). For irregular echinoids, the carbon origin is unclear as some species show signals close to that of regular euechinoids whereas others are similar to cidaroids.
The impact of acid-base regulation was investigated by testing the effect of ocean acidification on the mechanical properties of the skeleton (test plates) in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Individuals from intertidal pools, CO2 vents and a one year acidification experiment (pH 8.0, 7.9 and 7.7) were compared. Only the intertidal pool individuals showed a difference of the Young’s modulus and fracture forces of their plates. Sea urchins from the tide pool with the largest pH fluctuations showed a lower stiffness and strengthened test. On the contrary, sea urchins from CO2 vents and experimental acidification did not display any differences in the several mechanical properties tested. We suggest that the different food qualities (calcified vs. uncalcified algae) in the different tide pools significantly contributed to the observed difference.
The acid-base regulation ability of sea cucumbers was assessed in two species from contrasted habitats (mangrove intertidal vs. coral reef species). These organisms underwent acidosis of the coelomic fluid when exposed to reduced seawater pH for a short time (6 to 12 days). The δ13C signal of the coelomic fluid mirrored that of the surrounding seawater in all conditions, indicating that the CO2 accumulated (cause of the acidosis) comes also from the seawater. This is still unexplained to date. However, metabolic processes such as respiration and ammonium excretion rates were not affected. No difference was evidenced between the two species.
The results obtained in this study compiled with data from the literature indicate that post-metamorphic echinoderms have contrasted acid-base physiology with most regular euechinoids compensating the coelomic fluid pH by accumulation of bicarbonate ions (and possibly ophiuroids also), cidaroids and at least one regular euechinoid (Arbacia lixula) having a naturally low coelomic fluid pH which is not affected by acidification, and sea stars and sea cucumbers which do not compensate their coelomic fluid pH when submitted to acidified seawater. In regular euechinoids, negative effects are linked to resource allocation with growth usually being reduced in favor of acid-base regulation mechanisms. Starfish and sea cucumbers appear as resilient to acidification, with very few functions being negatively impacted. In conclusion, it seems that post-metamorphic echinoderms studied so far will not be particularly at risk when facing ocean acidification levels expected by 2100. Furthermore, tolerance to ocean acidification does not seem linked to the present day ambient pH regime. Nevertheless, more studies need to be carried out on brittle stars and sea cucumbers to confirm preliminary results, as well as crinoids which have not been investigated to date. Long-term exposure experiments to estimate energy budget changes as well as more assessments of evolutionary potential in echinoderms are crucially needed./L’augmentation actuelle de la concentration en CO2 atmosphérique a deux conséquences majeures dans l’environnement marin :une augmentation de la température des eaux de surface (0.7°C depuis l’époque préindustrielle) et une diminution du pH de l’eau de mer. Cette diminution est mesurée continuellement dans différentes régions du monde et varie de -0.0017 à -0.04 unités de pH par an en fonction du site considéré. Basé sur des modèles d’émissions de CO2 du GIEC, il a été prédit que le pH moyen de l’océan diminuerait encore de 0.4 unités d’ici 2100 et 0.8 d’ici 2300 (correspondant à une augmentation de la concentration en protons d’environ 3 fois et 6 fois). De même, les états de saturation de l’eau de mer vis-à-vis des différentes formes de carbonate de calcium, telles que la calcite, la calcite magnésienne et l’aragonite produites par les organismes calcifiants, sont en train de diminuer et par conséquent, les horizons de saturation remontent vers les eaux de surface. Aujourd’hui, certains environnements sont caractérisés par des valeurs de pH plus basses que celle de l’océan. Ceux-ci sont les mares intertidales, les zones d’upwelling, l’océan profond et les évents volcaniques. Dans ces environnements, le pH est soit constamment bas ou fluctue. Ces changements sont soit dû à une activité biologique, une fuite de CO2 géologique, ou au mouvement des masses d’eau. Dans ces environnements, il a été suggéré que les organismes pourraient être adaptés ou acclimatés à des valeurs basses de pH, telles que celles prédites pour le futur proche.
La tolérance à l’acidification des océans chez les métazoaires est liée à leur capacité de régulation acide-base lorsqu’ils sont exposés à une hypercapnie environnementale (c’est-à-dire, une augmentation de la concentration en CO2 dans l’environnement entourant l’organisme). Ce phénomène peut résulter en une hypercapnie des liquides internes et une acidose concomitante (c’est-à-dire, un pH des liquides internes réduit dû à la dissociation du CO2 dans ce cas précis). Les organismes ont deux systèmes tampons leur permettant de compenser l’acidose :les tampons CO2-bicarbonate et non-bicarbonate. L’homéostasie des liquides internes grâce à ces systèmes est essentielle pour le fonctionnement correct des enzymes et processus. En tant qu’osmoconformes calcifiant hypométaboliques, trois caractéristiques menant à une certaine vulnérabilité face à l’acidification des océans, les échinodermes sont considérés « à risque » pour les conditions du futur proche. Cependant, les échinodermes post-métamorphiques (juvéniles et adultes) occupent tous les environnements montrant un pH faible naturellement. De plus, les oursins qui sont hautement calcifiés (par rapport aux étoiles de mer ou aux concombres de mer) sont également retrouvés dans ces environnements. Ceci suggère que les échinodermes ont des stratégies d’adaptation ou d’acclimatation à ces environnements à bas pH. Alors que des études récentes montrent que les oursins sont capables de réguler le pH du liquide cœlomique (extracellulaire) par l’accumulation de bicarbonates, les étoiles semblent tolérer l’acidose liée à l’hypercapnie environnementale. Néanmoins, ces informations ont été obtenues sur un petit nombre d’espèces et des différences interspécifiques significatives ont été mises en évidence. Certains taxa n’ont pas été étudié du tout. Par ailleurs, différents aspects de la physiologie acide-base sont inexplorés, tels que la capacité tampon du liquide extracellulaire et l’origine du carbone dans ces liquides.
Par conséquent, le but de cette étude était de caractériser la physiologie acide-base chez les échinodermes post-métamorphiques de différents taxa afin de comprendre leur réponse à l’acidification des océans.
Les capacités de régulation acide-base au sein des différents groupes d’échinodermes ont été comparées. Une méthode a été mise au point afin de mesurer l’alcalinité totale dans de petits volumes (500 µl) de liquide extracellulaire (le liquide cœlomique). Cette étude démontra que la capacité tampon du liquide cœlomique des euéchinoïdes réguliers est accrue comparée à celle de l’eau de mer ainsi que celle des autres groupes d’échinodermes. Dans les oursins, les tampons bicarbonate et non-bicarbonate entrent en jeux, le premier étant majoritaire. Cette capacité tampon est augmentée chez les individus nourris par rapport à ceux à jeuns et est augmentée plus encore lorsque le pH de l’eau de mer est diminué.
Les capacités de régulation acide-base ont été étudiées plus spécifiquement dans les différents groupes d’oursins. Les euéchinoïdes réguliers possèdent une capacité tampon accrue du liquide cœlomique leur permettant de maintenir un pH élevé comparé aux oursins cidaroïdes, au pH de l’eau de mer actuel. Ce patron se retrouve dans les oursins tempérés, tropicaux et antarctiques. Des données ont également été obtenues pour les oursins irréguliers qui ont également un pH extracellulaire particulièrement bas et une capacité tampon proche de celle de l’eau de mer comme les cidaroïdes. Lorsqu’ils sont exposés à un pH de l’eau de mer réduit (7.7 et 7.4 par rapport à 8.0) pour 4 à 6 semaines, les euéchinoïdes réguliers ont montré une augmentation de la capacité tampon du liquide cœlomique accompagnée d’une homéostasie du pH de ce liquide. A l’inverse, les cidaroïdes n’ont montré aucune modification de leur statut acide-base quel que soit le pH (8.0 à 7.4). L’origine du carbone du liquide cœlomique, étudié par analyse des isotopes stables du carbone, diffère également en fonction du groupe. Le δ13CDIC des euéchinoïdes réguliers met en évidence un mélange entre du CO2 d’origine métabolique et celui de l’eau environnante. Ceci est également démontré par la corrélation entre le signal de l’eau de mer dont le pH est réduit (modifié par l’ajout de CO2 industriel, changent le δ13C vers des valeurs plus négatives) et celui du liquide cœlomique. En revanche, les cidaroïdes montrent un signal reflétant principalement celui du CO2 métabolique (δ13C très négatif), et le δ13C n’est pas influencé par des conditions de pH variées (c’est-à-dire, qu’il ne s’adapte pas à la signature du δ13CDIC de l’eau de mer). Pour les oursins irréguliers, l’origine du carbone est incertaine puisque certaines espèces montrent un signal proche de celui des euéchinoïdes réguliers et d’autres similaire à celui des cidaroïdes.
L’impact de la régulation acide-base a été étudié en testant l’effet de l’acidification des océans sur les propriétés mécaniques du squelette (plaques squelettiques) de l’oursin Paracentrotus lividus. Des individus de mares intertidales, d’évents volcaniques et d’une expérience d’acidification d’un an (pH 8.0, 7.9 et 7.7) ont été comparés. Seuls les individus des mares intertidales montrèrent une différence pour le module de Young et la force des fractures des plaques. Les oursins venant de la mare intertidale montrant les plus grandes variations de pH avaient une rigidité plus faible et un squelette renforcé. A l’inverse, les oursins des évents volcaniques et de l’expérience d’acidification n’ont montrés aucune différence dans les diverses propriétés mécaniques étudiées. Nous suggérons que les variations en termes de qualité de nourriture (algues calcifiées vs. non-calcifiées) dans les différentes mares intertidales ont contribués de manière significative à la différence observée.
L’habilité des concombres de mer à réguler leur balance acide-base a été évaluée dans deux espèces d’habitats contrastés (espèce intertidale des mangroves vs. subtidale des récifs coralliens). Ces organismes ont subis une acidose du liquide cœlomique lorsqu’ils ont été exposés à un pH réduit de l’eau de mer pour une courte durée (6 à 12 jours). Le signal δ13C du liquide cœlomique reflétait celui de l’eau environnante dans toutes les conditions, indiquant que le CO2 accumulé (cause de l’acidose) venait de l’eau. Ceci est encore inexpliqué à l’heure actuelle. Cependant, les processus métaboliques tels que la respiration ou l’excrétion d’ammonium n’ont pas été affecté. Aucune différence n’a été observée entre les deux espèces.
Les résultats obtenus dans cette étude compilés avec ceux de la littérature indiquent que les échinodermes post-métamorphiques ont une physiologie acide-base contrastée avec la plupart des euéchinoïdes réguliers qui compensent le pH du liquide cœlomique par l’accumulation d’ions bicarbonates (et peut-être les ophiures aussi), les cidaroïdes et au moins un euéchinoïde régulier (Arbacia lixula) qui ont naturellement un pH du liquide cœlomique bas et qui ne sont pas affectés par l’acidification, et les étoiles de mer et les concombres de mers qui ne compensent pas le pH du liquide cœlomique lorsqu’ils sont soumis à une eau acidifiée. Chez les euéchinoïdes réguliers, des effets négatifs sont liés à un changement de l’allocation des ressources avec souvent un taux de croissance réduit en faveur des mécanismes de régulation acide-base. Les étoiles de mer et les concombres de mer apparaissent plus tolérants à l’acidification, avec peu de fonctions négativement impactées. En conclusion, il semble que les échinodermes post-métamorphiques étudiés jusqu’à présent ne seront pas particulièrement à risque lorsqu’ils seront exposés au niveau d’acidification attendu pour 2100. De plus, la tolérance à l’acidification des océans ne semble pas liée au régime de pH subit actuellement. Cependant, plus d’études doivent être menées sur les ophiures et les concombres de mer afin de confirmer les résultats préliminaires, ainsi que sur les crinoïdes qui n’ont à l’heure actuelle pas encore été étudiés. Des expériences à long terme afin d’estimer le budget énergétique des organismes ainsi que plus d’évaluations du potentiel d’évolution chez les échinodermes sont absolument nécessaires.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Pieda, Doreen Cecilia. "Acid and base catalysed aqueous hydrolysis of the organophosphorus pesticide, diazinon." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59396.pdf.
Full textBodensteiner, Michael [Verfasser]. "Lewis Acid-Base-Stabilized Phosphanylalanes : and Crystal Structure Determinations / Michael Bodensteiner." Saarbrücken : Südwestdeutscher Verlag für Hochschulschriften, 2012. https://www.svh-verlag.de.
Full textTaha, Dhiaa A. "Influence of acid-base imbalance and hyperlipidaemia on statin-induced myotoxicity." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40222/.
Full textOdendal, Elsabe. "Pulmonary function and acid-base balance high intensity constant-load exercise." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27123.
Full textBall, Derek. "Diet, acid-base status and the performance of high intensity exercise." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1992. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU045175.
Full textGrafton, Andrea Bray. "Vibrational dynamics of strongly hydrogen-bonded acid-base complexes in solution." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6117.
Full textLourenço, Thiago Fernando. "Desempenho e estado ácido-base sanguíneo em corredores de 10 km submetidos a corridas em diferentes intensidades contantes." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/275115.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física
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Resumo: O desempenho em corridas de 10 km (v10km) se correlaciona com velocidades pico de corrida durante um teste de VO2max (Vpico) e ao limiar ventilatório (vLV). No entanto, a relação entre a velocidade de corrida correspondente ao ponto de compensação respiratória (vPCR) e v10km ainda não está bem estabelecida. Fisiologicamente, a vPCR indica a capacidade de tamponamento sanguíneo, o que indica que exercício realizados acima da vPCR podem induzir acidose, trazendo alterações metabólicas prejudiciais ao desempenho. Porém, nenhum estudo investigou o comportamento do estado ácido-base sanguíneo em corredores submetidos à exercício em carga constante referente à vPCR. A forma com que os corredores distribuem suas velocidades ao longo da corrida também é importante para o desempenho. Em corridas de 10 km, grande parte dos estudos mostra que a estratégia adotada em eventos de longa duração se caracteriza por uma estratégia em forma de U. No entanto, nenhum trabalho comparou a estratégia de corrida com valores de vPCR. Um dos objetivos do presente estudo foi investigar o potencial da vPCR como preditor de desempenho e estratégia de corrida em 10 km e associar a estratégia de corrida adotada durante esse evento aos parâmetros ventilatórios encontrados no teste de esforço máximo (vLV, vPCR e Vpico). Paralelamente, buscamos observar a tolerância dos atletas e o comportamento de parâmetros relacionados ao estado ácido-base sanguíneo em quatro intensidades de exercício constante em esteira ergométrica. Participaram do estudo doze corredores recreacionais (R) e dezenove de elite (E) especializados em corridas de 10 km. Os corredores realizaram um teste de 10 km contra relógio em pista de 400 m para a determinação da v10km, um teste de esforço máximo para a determinação da vLV, vPCR e Vpico e um protocolo de carga constante. Todos participantes do grupo R realizaram aleatoriamente quatro corridas de, no máximo, 10 km nas intensidades vLV, vPCR, a 25% da diferença entre vPCR e Vpico (vV1) e Vpico. Os corredores do grupo E realizaram apenas uma corrida referente à vV1. No protocolo de carga constante, amostras de sangue capilar foram coletadas para análise do pH (bpH), lactato (bLac) e potássio (bK+) e HCO3- (bHCO3-) sanguíneos. Todos os protocolos foram realizadas com, pelo menos, 72 horas de recuperação. O ritmo de corrida dos atletas nos 10 km na pista correlaciona-se fortemente com vPCR (R2=0,92) e todos são capazes de completar 10 km na esteira ergométrica nessa velocidade. Todos os corredores recreacionais completaram 10 km nas intensidades vLV e vPCR, sem alterações no bpH. Na intensidade vV1, três corredores recreacionais e nove de elite foram capazes de completar 10 km sem alterações no bpH. Quedas significativa no bpH foram observadas nos corredores que não completaram 10 km em vV1 e Vpico. Em conclusão, nossos dados sugerem a manutenção do bpH como fator chave para a sustentação do exercício de 10 km em carga constante. Além disso, reforçam a vPCR como uma intensidade de exercício "segura¿ para o estratégias de corrida em 10 km
Abstract: The 10 km performance (s10km) correlates with running speeds related to VO2max (sVO2max) and ventilatory threshold (sVT). However, the relationship between running speed corresponding to the respiratory compensation point (sRCP) and v10km is not well established. Physiologically, sRCP indicates the buffering capacity of blood, which indicates that the exercise performed above sRCP can induce acidosis and decrease in motor output. However, no study has investigated the behavior of the blood acid-base status in runners undergoing constant load exercise related to sRCP. The way that runners distribute their running speeds throughout the race is also important for performance. In 10 km races, most studies show that the strategy adopted in is characterized by a U-shaped strategy. However, no study compared the running strategy to sRCP values. One objective of this study was to investigate the potential of sRCP as a predictor of 10 km performance, linking race strategy adopted during the 10 Km race to ventilatory parameters found in maximal exercise test (sVT, sRCP and sVO2max). In parallel, we would like to observe the tolerance of athletes and the behavior of blood acid-base status in four fixed exercise intensities. Twelve recreational runners (R) and nineteen elite runners (E) specialized in races of 10 km participated in this study. The runners performed a 10 km time trial on the track 400 m to determine the s10km, a maximal incremental exercise test to determine the sVT, sRCP and sVO2max and constant load protocol. All participants in the R group performed randomly four races at most 10 km in intensities related to sVT, sRCP, 25 % of the difference between sRCP and sVO2max (S1) and sVO2max. The E group underwent only a race related to S1. In the constant load protocol, capillary blood samples were collected for analysis of blood pH (bpH), lactate (bLac), potassium (bK+) and HCO3- (HCO3-). All protocols were performed at least with 72 hours recovery. The athletes race pace in 10 km on the track were strongly correlated with sRCP (R2=0.92) and all runners are able to complete 10 km on the treadmill at this intensity. All recreational runners completed 10 km in the intensities related to sVT and sRCP with no changes in bpH. At S1 intensity, three recreational and nine elite runners were able to complete 10 km with no changes in bpH. The bpH decreased significantly in in runners who have not completed 10 km in S1 and sVO2max. In conclusion, our data suggest the maintenance of bpH as a key factor for sustaining 10 km and indicate the sRCP as a ¿safe" exercise intensity for 10 km race strategies
Doutorado
Biodinamica do Movimento e Esporte
Doutor em Educação Física
Sun, Chenhang. "Surface energetics and acid-base properties of modified and unmodified mineral oxides /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9846.
Full textShah, Ali Akbar. "An exploration into acid concentration effects on pKa using density functional theory." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609039.
Full textMilioni, Fabio. "Influência da suplementação de β-alanina associada ao treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade no desempenho de sprints repetidos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/157220.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O objetivo da presente tese foi verificar a influência da suplementação de β-Alanina associado ao treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) na performance de sprints repetidos. Participaram do estudo conduzido em caráter randomizado e duplo-cego, 20 jovens saudáveis alocados em dois grupos (Gβ [n = 10] – 6,4 g.dia-1 de β-Alanina; GP [n = 10] – 6,4 g.dia-1 de dextrose - placebo). Os participantes foram avaliados em três momentos distintos, previamente ao início, após quatro semanas de HIIT sem suplementação e após 6 semanas de suplementação + HIIT. As avaliações foram compostas por teste incremental até exaustão (TINC); séries de 12 sprints repetidos (RSA); e teste de tempo limite até exaustão a 115% da velocidade máxima atingida no TINC (TLIM). Previamente e imediatamente após TINC e RSA foram realizadas avaliações neuromusculares compostas por saltos verticais máximos, contrações isométricas máximas de extensão de joelho e estimulação elétrica periférica. O HIIT foi composto de dez corridas de 1 min a 90% da velocidade máxima atingida no TINC, com 1 min de recuperação passiva entre as corridas e frequência de 3 sessões semanais. Previamente ao início da suplementação + HIIT e ao final da intervenção, os participantes foram submetidos a biópsias musculares para determinação do conteúdo de carnosina intramuscular, capacidade de tamponamento in vitro e conteúdo de proteínas/enzimas chaves. Após a intervenção, ambos os grupos melhoraram o metabolismo oxidativo (i.e., consumo máximo de oxigênio), entretanto, somente o Gβ melhorou significativamente o conteúdo de carnosina intramuscular e as variáveis do RSA além de apresentar atenuação da fadiga neuromuscular induzida pelo RSA. Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas na capacidade anaeróbia, capacidade de tamponamento in vitro e conteúdo de proteínas/enzimas chaves. Dessa forma, a associação entre suplementação de β-Alanina e HIIT proporcionou melhora significativa do desempenho de sprints repetidos.
The aim of the present thesis was to verify the influence of β-Alanine supplementation associated with high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the performance of repeated sprints. The study was conducted in a randomized, double-blind design and 20 healthy young men were allocated in two groups (Gβ [n = 10] - 6.4 g.day-1 of β-Alanine; GP [n = 10] - 6.4 g.day-1 of dextrose – placebo). The participants were evaluated at three different moments, prior to beginning, after four weeks of HIIT without supplementation and after 6 weeks of supplementation + HIIT. The evaluations were composed by incremental test until exhaustion (TINC); set of 12 repeated sprints (RSA); and time-to-exhaustion test at 115% of the maximum velocity achieved in TINC (TLIM). Previously and immediately after TINC and RSA, neuromuscular evaluations were performed, consisting of maximum vertical jumps, maximal voluntary isometric contractions of knee extension and peripheral electrical stimulation. The HIIT was composed by ten runs of 1-min at 90% of the maximum velocity achieved in TINC, with 1-min of passive recovery between runs and frequency of 3 sessions per week. Prior to the initiation of supplementation + HIIT and at the end of the intervention, the participants underwent muscle biopsies to determine intramuscular carnosine content, muscle buffer capacity in vitro and key protein/enzyme content. After the intervention, both groups improved oxidative metabolism (i.e., maximal oxygen uptake), however, only Gβ significantly improved the intramuscular carnosine content and the RSA variables; in addition to presenting attenuation of the neuromuscular fatigue induced by the RSA. No significant differences were observed in anaerobic capacity, muscle buffer capacity in vitro and key protein/enzyme content. Thus, the association between β-Alanine supplementation and HIIT provided significant improvement in repeated sprints performance.
2016/02683-6
Kimmel, Tobias. "Kinetic investigation of the base catalyzed glycerolysis of fatty acid methyl esters." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=97339174X.
Full textIsik, Murat. "Chiral 2-aminodmap/sulfonamides And Squaramides Asbifunctional Acid/base Organocatalysts In Asymmetriccatalysis." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613444/index.pdf.
Full text)-nitrostyrene. Enantiomeric excesses (ee) up to 93% were attained.
Petrucci, Maria G. L. "New routes to heterogenized homogeneous catalysis via simple acid-base hydrolytic chemistry." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0027/NQ50297.pdf.
Full textEvans, Lan Tuyet. "A simple solubility theory combining solubility parameter and Lewis acid-base concepts /." Online version of thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10940.
Full textTaylor, Lynn Elizabeth deLambert. "The effects of added fat on acid-base status in exercising horses /." This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10242009-020248/.
Full textPetrucci, Maria G. L. "New routes to heterogenized homogeneous catalysis via simple acid-base hydrolytic chemistry." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35963.
Full textIn an attempt to prepare solution analogs to the surface-bound species, an interesting class of Rh(I) complexes of the type, Rh(CO)(Cl)(PPh3 )(NRR'R″) were synthesized, of which Rh(CO)(Cl)(PPh3)(HNEt2) and Rh(CO)(Cl)(PPh 3)(H2NCy) were crystallographically characterized. Reactivity of the complex, Rh(CO)(Cl)(PPh3)(HNEt2) towards haloalkanes was also explored, resulting in Rh(III) amine anionic complexes of the type, [RhX4(CO)(PPh3)]-(H2NEt 2)+. X-ray structural characterization of the Rh(III) complexes are discussed. The catalytic reactivity of Rh(CO)(Cl)(PPh3 )(HNEt2) in the hydrosilation of 1-hexene, shows higher activity than both Rh(CO)(Cl)(PPh3)2 and RhCl(PPh3) 3. In the presence of CCl4, Rh(CO)(Cl)(PPh3)(HNEt 2), was able to polymerize styrene and methyl methacrylate.
An alternative approach to sol-gel processing, based on acid-base hydrolysis, was used to develop organometallic network supports. The organometallic-inorganic sol-gel was prepared in an non-aqueous medium, under mild reaction conditions, using commercially available reagents, eliminating many of the problems related to the traditional sol-gel technique. The organometallic-inorganic hybrid network catalyzed tolan hydrogenation with selectivities for the fully hydrogenated product, bibenzyl.
In the final part of the study on supported catalysis, tri-branched organophosphine and metallo-dendrimers are prepared in excellent yields via acid-base hydrolytic chemistry. The organophosphine dendrimers are used to subsequently bind the Rh(I)(COD)(Cl) complex. An examination of the 31P NMR and MALDI data suggests dendrimer growth. The Rh(I) dendrimers were employed as catalysts for decene hydrogenation resulting in activities similar to the monomeric adduct.