Journal articles: 'Accidents Victoria'

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Sherry, Lisa J., Andrew M. Briggs, and Tania Pizzari. "Safeguarding injured Victorians: development and implementation of an evidence-informed system to manage therapeutic uncertainty and decision making in a compensable environment." Australian Health Review 44, no. 3 (2020): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah19155.

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WorkSafe Victoria and the Transport Accident Commission are two Victorian government agencies that determine the policies that guide decisions to fund treatments and services provided to Victorians injured in transport or workplace accidents. These agencies identified that an internal system was required to manage requests for funding of new or emerging treatments. In particular, the agencies recognised a system that supported consistency in decision making in the context of therapeutic uncertainty and ensured the safety of injured Victorians was needed. The New, Emerging or Non-Established Treatments (NENETs) policy was launched in its current form by the agencies in 2013. The NENETs system includes a record of contemporary evidence for emerging treatments and an evidence-informed decision-making system to ensure consistency and information sharing. A system of recording decisions on emerging treatments was also implemented to ensure that funding decisions could later be reversed if necessary. The NENETs system has proved to be a robust and sustainable method of managing uncertainty for WorkSafe Victoria and the Transport Accident Commission and could be transferable to other funding bodies. What is known about the topic?An algorithm to guide clinicians when prescribing off-label medications was developed in 2006, although it has not been used widely in everyday practice. In 2019 the Medical Board of Australia launched a discussion paper on ‘complementary and unconventional medicine and emerging treatments’ because no system for managing such treatments exists. Third-party payers have a responsibility to make objective and reliable decisions about new, emerging or non-established treatments to ensure high value care is offered to health consumers. What does this paper add?This paper provides an overview of the policy and decision-making system implemented by WorkSafe Victoria and the Transport Accident Commission to managing requests for new, emerging or non-established treatments. The system is adaptable to other third-party payers, health service funders and regulators in Australia and internationally. What are the implications for practitioners?It is important that practitioners caring for injured Victorians are aware of the systems used to inform decision making around requests for funding new, emerging or non-established treatments. Knowledge of the principles underlying this system may assist other funding bodies and the Medical Board of Australia to develop systems in other jurisdictions.

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Jiang, Feifeng, Kwok Kit Richard Yuen, Eric Wai Ming Lee, and Jun Ma. "Analysis of Run-Off-Road Accidents by Association Rule Mining and Geographic Information System Techniques on Imbalanced Datasets." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 15, 2020): 4882. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124882.

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Run-off-road (ROR) accidents cause a large proportion of fatalities on roads. Exploring key factors is an effective method to reduce fatalities and improve safety sustainability. However, some limitations exist in current studies: (1) Datasets of ROR accidents have imbalance problems, in which the samples of fatal accidents (FA) are much less than non-fatal accidents (NFA). Data mining methods on such imbalanced datasets make the results biased. (2) Few studies conducted spatial analysis of ROR accidents in visualization. Therefore, this study proposes an association rule mining (ARM)-based framework to analyze ROR accidents on imbalanced datasets. A novel method is proposed to address the imbalance problem and ARM is applied to analyze accident severity. Geographic information system (GIS) is adopted for spatial analysis of ROR accidents. The proposed framework is applied to ROR accidents in Victoria, Australia. Six FA factors and seven NFA factors are identified from two-item rules. The results of three-item rules indicate factors acting interactively increase the likelihood of FA or NFA. Hot spots of ROR accidents are presented by GIS maps. Effective measures are accordingly proposed to improve road safety. Compared with traditional data-balancing methods, the proposed framework has been validated to provide more robust and reliable results on imbalanced datasets.

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Nazeer, Muhammad Atif, Muhammad Mohsin, and Abdur Rehman. "Identifying the Causes and Protective Measures of Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) in Bahawalpur City, Pakistan." Vol 3 Issue 4 3, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 208–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33411/ijist/2021030407.

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Road Traffic Accident (RTA) is a growing public issue and fall among the four top causes of mortality and morbidity globally. The main objective of this study was to identify the causes and protective measures of road traffic accidents in Bahawalpur City. Primary data was gathered through a structured questionnaire during a field survey in selected five public places as sample sites i.e. Larry Ada, University Chowk, Bahawal Victoria Hospital (BVH), One Unit Chowk, and Melad Chowk. Secondary data of road accidents was gathered form National Highway and Motor Way Police (NH&MP) while primary data was gathered from 150 respondents (30 from each study site) and analyzed in SPSS software by applying descriptive statistics and road accident risk index (RARI). Findings revealed that the main causes of these accidents include increase in population (62.66%), increase in demand for vehicles (22%), bike drivers (69.33%), overtaking of the vehicles (51.33%), over speed and hustle to reach the destination (34.66%). One wheeling is also a major reason, which results in the death of teenage drivers (52%), violation of the traffic rules (25.33%). RARI results also suggest the relationship between the affected persons and the road traffic accidents. Lastly, few suggestions were proposed to overcome the ratio and severity of road traffic accidents because these accidents are predictable and largely preventable through multi-disciplinary coherent strategies.

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Mazharul Hoque, Md. "An analysis of fatal bicycle accidents in victoria (Australia) with a special reference to nighttime accidents." Accident Analysis & Prevention 22, no. 1 (February 1990): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(90)90002-3.

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Zanker, Carolyn. "Child Safety under Scrutiny: The Rural Child Safety Project." Children Australia 16, no. 04 (1991): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200012542.

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Country life may not be as healthy for children as we would like to think. More rural children under five years of age die as the result of accidents than their city counterparts. To raise awareness of this problem, the Child Accident Prevention Foundation of Australia is conducting a Rural Child Safety Project with the Southern Mallee Councils Group in Victoria over a twelve month period. The project was launched in Swan Hill on 21 August 1991 by the Hon. Caroline Hogg, Minister for Ethnic, Municipal and Community Affairs. The launch took place at a local Primary School and was attended by local government representatives and community leaders.

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Demeter, Stephen L. "Cardiopulmonary Exercise Stress Testing – an Update." Guides Newsletter 19, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2014.julaug03.

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Abstract This article updates one published in The Guides Newsletter in January/February 1998 and reflects changing legislation in the workers’ compensation area and also in motor accident compensation. In the various Australian state and federal jurisdictions, impairment rating has become an important component of independent medical examinations, and in many areas, impairment guides have been adopted as a mandatory tool for assessing permanent impairment. For example, in the mid-1990s the state of Victoria established use of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fourth Edition, as the sole tool for evaluating impairment and continues to use this edition to the present time. Despite the publication of the AMA Guides, Fifth Edition, in 2000, the Motor Accidents Authority in New South Wales (NSW) continues to use the fourth edition, supplemented with the NSW Motor Accidents Authority Guidelines. In November 2001, Tasmania adopted the same guidelines that were being used by the NSW Motor Accidents Authority. Despite publication of the AMA Guides, Sixth Edition, in 2007, there has remained a general reticence in Australia to progress to use of this latest edition either as stand-alone impairment rating tools or an underpinning of the purpose-developed impairment guidelines already in place. A large number of Australian medical assessors have become used to the model based on the NSW WorkCover Guides for the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, which interprets the AMA Guides, Fifth Edition.

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Smith, D. Ian. "Effect on Casualty Traffic Accidents of Changing Sunday Alcohol Sales Legislation in Victoria, Australia." Journal of Drug Issues 20, no. 3 (July 1990): 417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269002000303.

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Lau, Simon C. P., Nathan G. Myhill, Rekha Ganeshalingam, and Gerald M. Y. Quan. "Cervical Spinal Cord Injury at the Victorian Spinal Cord Injury Service: Epidemiology of the Last Decade." Clinical Medicine Insights: Trauma and Intensive Medicine 5 (January 2014): CMTIM.S12939. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cmtim.s12939.

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Introduction Cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) is a significant medical and socioeconomic problem. In Victoria, Australia, there has been limited research into the incidence of CSCI. The Austin Hospital's Victorian Spinal Cord Injury Service (VSCIS) is a tertiary referral hospital that accepts referrals for surgical management and ongoing neurological rehabilitation for south eastern Australia. The aim of this study was to characterise the epidemiology of CSCI managed operatively at the VSCIS over the last decade, in order to help fashion public health campaigns. Methods This was a retrospective review of medical records from January 2000 to December 2009 of all patients who underwent surgical management of acute CSCI in the VSCIS catchment region. Patients treated non-operatively were excluded. Outcome measures included: demographics, mechanism of injury and associated factors (like alcohol) and patient neurological status. Results Men were much more likely to have CSCI than women, with a 4:1 ratio, and the highest incidence of CSCI for men was in their 20s (39%). The most common cause of CSCI was transport related (52%), followed by falls (23%) and water-related incidents (16%). Falls were more prevalent among those >50 years. Alcohol was associated in 22% of all CSCIs, including 42% of water-related injuries. Discussion Our retrospective epidemiological study identified at-risk groups presenting to our spinal injury service. Young males in their 20s were associated with an increased risk of transport-related accidents, water-related incidents in the summer months and accidents associated with alcohol. Another high risk group were men >50 years who suffer falls, both from standing and from greater heights. Public awareness campaigns should target these groups to lower incidence of CSCI.

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Smith, Ian. "Effect on casualty traffic accidents of the introduction of 10 p.m. Monday to Saturday hotel closing in Victoria." Australian Drug and Alcohol Review 7, no. 2 (April 1988): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595238880000341.

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Azeem, M., J. Sidra, S. Samia, I. Huria, B. Uzma, M. Rehan Sarwar, and M. Atif. "Evaluation of Who/Inrud Prescribing Indicators and Prescribing Trend of Antibiotics in Accidents and Emergency Department, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan." Value in Health 18, no. 7 (November 2015): A520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2015.09.1587.

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Carnis, Laurent. "Le contrôle automatisé de la vitesse en Australie : quelques enseignements pour mener une politique de dissuasion efficace." Criminologie 41, no. 2 (November 26, 2008): 269–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019440ar.

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Résumé Le contrôle automatisé de la vitesse (CAV) constitue une modalité d’intervention des autorités pour réduire le nombre de victimes de la route. Cette technique de détection permet d’accroître l’intensité des contrôles, d’augmenter la sanction potentielle des contrevenants et de rendre possible une procédure judiciaire plus rapide. Ce type de dispositif a été introduit pour la première fois en Australie au milieu des années 1980 dans l’État de Victoria. Depuis, cette technique s’est généralisée à l’ensemble des États. Les dispositifs en fonctionnement se révèlent fort divers et s’appuient sur des stratégies spécifiques. Néanmoins, ces expériences convergent vers une même conclusion : la diminution significative des accidents de la circulation et le nombre de victimes. Ils s’avèrent donc particulièrement efficaces. Par ailleurs, ces différents programmes de contrôle s’appuient sur des architectures organisationnelles et institutionnelles différentes, illustrant par la même une certaine souplesse quant à leur implantation dans des environnements particuliers. Toutefois, ils reposent tous sur les principes simples des « 4C » (contrôle, coopération, communication et continuité), nécessitant l’intégration des acteurs clés.

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Fyfe, Paul. "Accidents of a Novel Trade: Industrial Catastrophe, Fire Insurance, and Mary Barton." Nineteenth-Century Literature 65, no. 3 (December 1, 2010): 315–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.2010.65.3.315.

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Paul Fyfe, "Accidents of a Novel Trade: Industrial Catastrophe, Fire Insurance, and Mary Barton"(pp. 315––347) This essay argues for the industrial novel as a form of risk management, in dialog with the insurance business and its particular problems with fire. elizabeth Gaskell's abiding concerns for workplace accidents and compensation in Mary Barton (1848), focused by a spectacular mill fire, contests the definition and "writing"of risk on commercial terrain. At the same time, various fire insurers, scrambling to manage a risk that seemed beyond control, invented hybrid strategies of description that impinged on the domain of novelists. I demonstrate how changing concepts of accident and risk characterize the unstable political landscape of England's industrial north, measure the increasingly material pressures on property and life, and inform diverse practices of writing, particularly those that novelists shared with the insurance industry. ultimately, the "queer elements of the accidental and the arbitrary"for which Henry James denigrates the Victorian novel may derive from such historical circumstances in which writers like Gaskell absorb accidents as a practice of the genre.

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Falk, Joern, Björn Globisch, Martin Angelmahr, Wolfgang Schade, and Heike Schenk-Mathes. "Drinking Water Supply in Rural Africa Based on a Mini-Grid Energy System—A Socio-Economic Case Study for Rural Development." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (August 2, 2022): 9458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159458.

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Water is an essential resource required for various human activities such as drinking, cooking, growing food, and personal hygiene. As a key infrastructure of public services, access to clean and safe drinking water is an essential factor for local socio-economic development. Despite various national and international efforts, water supply is often not guaranteed, especially in rural areas of Africa. Although many water resources are theoretically available in these areas, bodies of water are often contaminated with dangerous pathogens and pollutants. As a result, people, often women and children, have to travel long distances to collect water from taps and are exposed to dangers such as physical violence and accidents on their way. In this article, we present a socio-economic case study for rural development. We describe a drinking water treatment plant with an annual capacity of 10,950 m3 on Kibumba Island in Lake Victoria (Tanzania). The plant is operated by a photovoltaic mini-grid system with second-life lithium-ion battery storage. We describe the planning, the installation, and the start of operation of the water treatment system. In addition, we estimate the water prices achievable with the proposed system and compare it to existing sources of drinking water on Kibumba Island. Assuming a useful life of 15 years, the installed drinking water system is cost-neutral for the community at a cost price of 0.70 EUR/m3, 22% less than any other source of clean water on Kibumba Island. Access to safe and clean drinking water is a major step forward for the local population. We investigate the socio-economic added value using social and economic key indicators like health, education, and income. Hence, this approach may serve as a role model for community-owned drinking water systems in sub-Saharan Africa.

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McDonald, Paul. "From Streets to Sidewalks: Developments in Primary Care Services for Injecting Drug Users." Australian Journal of Primary Health 8, no. 1 (2002): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py02010.

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Primary Health Care for the Injecting Drug User (IDU) has been established in Victoria in recognition of the serious health needs of IDUs, which require a relevant and effective response. Research shows the medical consequences that flow from drug abuse, ranging from the onset of blood borne viruses to cardiovascular conditions, and the propensity of drug users to access health services only through accident and emergency areas of hospitals. In 1999, the Victorian government announced the funding of five Local Drug Strategies in five of Melbourne's 'hotspot' street drug areas to address both the needs of users and communities in relation to substance abuse. This funding was an impetus to establish and trial the concept of primary health services, combining both a fixed site and a mobile outreach service. These services are designed to meet the primary health needs of street-based injecting drug users who are at high risk of experiencing overdose or other forms of drug-related harm.

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Smith, Matthew Wilson. "Victorian Railway Accident and the Melodramatic Imagination." Modern Drama 55, no. 4 (December 2012): 497–522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/md.2012-s79.

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Saric, Stephen, Alireza Bab-Hadiashar, Reza Hoseinnezhad, and Ian Hocking. "Analysis of forklift accident trends within Victorian industry (Australia)." Safety Science 60 (December 2013): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2013.07.017.

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Suratmiyati, Suratmiyati, and Yudhi Anggoro. "Pengaruh harga dan lokasi terhadap keputusan pembelian produk jasa." Management and Business Review 4, no. 1 (July 29, 2020): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/mbr.v4i1.4629.

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Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga dan lokasi terhadap keputusan pembelian produk jasa di Villa Victoria Boutique Residences Malang. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif, pengambilan sampel non probability sampling dengan metode accidental sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada konsumen Villa Victoria Boutique Residences dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 87 responden. Pengukuran terhadap variable-variabel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala Likert. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis Regresi Linear Berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial harga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, sedangkan lokasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian.

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Holland, Grant. "Child Abuse and Mandatory Reporting." Australian Journal of Primary Health 2, no. 4 (1996): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py96058.

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In Victoria, and to some extent Australia, the last two decades have seen some clarification in the classification of the various forms of child maltreatment and abuse. Currently, the major forms of child abuse are acknowledged as being:In Victoria, and to some extent Australia, the last two decades have seen some clarification in the classification of the various forms of child maltreatment and abuse. Currently, the major forms of child abuse are acknowledged as being physical abuse or non-accidental physical injury; sexual abuse and exploitation; emotional/psychological abuse and neglect. These forms of maltreatment often convey an implied message of non-accidental or committed harm against children. Abuse, however, can often occur by neglect or a failure to protect children, and therefore can be characterised as abuse by ommission. Many practitioners and professionals now use the term 'child abuse and neglect' rather than the single 'child abuse' term.

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Selvaratnam, Roshan J., Mary‐Ann Davey, Robyn M. Hudson, Tanya Farrell, and Euan M. Wallace. "Improving maternity care in Victoria: An accidental learning healthcare system." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 61, no. 2 (February 2021): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajo.13317.

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Moore, Ben. "Accident or Design: Writing the Victorian Metropolis by Paul Fyfe." Dickens Quarterly 34, no. 3 (2017): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dqt.2017.0028.

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McDermott, Francis T. "Reduction in Cervical “Whiplash” after new Motor Vehicle Accident Legislation in Victoria." Medical Journal of Australia 158, no. 10 (May 1993): 720–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb121939.x.

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Keeves, Jemma, Belinda Gabbe, Sarah Arnup, Christina Ekegren, and Ben Beck. "Serious Injury in Metropolitan and Regional Victoria: Exploring Travel to Treatment and Utilisation of Post-Discharge Health Services by Injury Type." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (October 28, 2022): 14063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114063.

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This study aimed to describe regional variations in service use and distance travelled to post-discharge health services in the first three years following hospital discharge for people with transport-related orthopaedic, brain, and spinal cord injuries. Using linked data from the Victorian State Trauma Registry (VSTR) and Transport Accident Commission (TAC), we identified 1597 people who had sustained transport-related orthopaedic, brain, or spinal cord injuries between 2006 and 2016 that met the study inclusion criteria. The adjusted odds of GP service use for regional participants were 76% higher than for metropolitan participants in the orthopaedic and traumatic brain injury (TBI) groups. People with spinal cord injury (SCI) living in regional areas had 72% lower adjusted odds of accessing mental health, 76% lower adjusted odds of accessing OT services, and 82% lower adjusted odds of accessing physical therapies compared with people living in major cities. People with a TBI living in regional areas on average travelled significantly further to access all post-discharge health services compared with people with TBI in major cities. For visits to medical services, the median trip distance for regional participants was 76.61 km (95%CI: 16.01–132.21) for orthopaedic injuries, 104.05 km (95% CI: 51.55–182.78) for TBI, and 68.70 km (95%CI: 8.34–139.84) for SCI. Disparities in service use and distance travelled to health services exist between metropolitan Melbourne and regional Victoria following serious injury.

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Dinelka Thilakarathne and Gayan Hirimuthugoda. "Can the Sri Lankan endemic-endangered fish Labeo fisheri (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) adapt to a new habitat?" Journal of Threatened Taxa 14, no. 8 (August 26, 2022): 21579–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7621.14.8.21579-21587.

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Labeo fisheri is an endemic and endangered freshwater fish of Sri Lanka. Mainly restricted to the upper reaches of the Mahaweli River basin, it has been previously reported living in deep rapids and among large rocks and boulders. An accidental record of a Labeo fisheri specimen from Victoria Reservoir led us to further study this habitat during the period from January to August 2017. This study was carried out to confirm the presence of a population of Labeo fisheri within the Victoria Reservoir and report its new habitat type in deep stagnant waters. We further investigated the food habits by analyzing the gut contents of L. fisheri in the Victoria Reservoir. Seven individuals were recorded from fishermen’s gill net catch in three fish landing sites along Victoria Reservoir, with an average total length of 24.80 ± 4.30 cm, average standard length of 19.70 ± 3.86 cm and average body weight of 197.69 ± 107.12 g. Based on gut content analysis, only phytoplankton, especially diatoms and cyanobacteria, were found in the gut of L. fisheri. This new population is facing the direct threat of fishing. Effective conservation measures are doubtful, since a fishery is well established in the Victoria Reservoir and the fishing gear used is not species-specific. More research is necessary to understand the population dynamics of L. fisheri in the Victoria Reservoir. In order to conserve it at this locality, community-based conservation measures are recommended.

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Holland, Grant. "Child abuse and mandatory reporting: A review in progress." Children Australia 22, no. 3 (1997): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200008270.

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In Victoria, and to some extent Australia, the last two decades have seen some clarification in the classification of the various forms of child maltreatment and abuse. Currently, the major recognised forms of child abuse are acknowledged as being:• physical abuse or non-accidental physical injury;• sexual abuse and exploitation;• emotional/psychological abuse; and• neglect.

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Kostal, R. W. "Legal Justice, Social Justice: An Incursion into the Social History of Work-Related Accident Law in Ontario, 1860-86." Law and History Review 6, no. 1 (1988): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/743920.

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The historiography of work-related accidents in nineteenth-century Ontario is a product of two complementary but as yet unsynthesized lines of inquiry. On the one hand, legal historians have focused on the genesis of judge-made and statutory law respecting the liability of employers for the work-related accidents of their hired labor. Considerable light has been shed on political and ideological as well as formally “legal” factors that shaped judicial and legislative decision making concerning personal injuries at work. However, the legal historiography of the Victorian Ontario workplace pertains mainly to the law and those who made the law, rather than those subject to it. These studies of the dynamics of legal change, important as they are, lack a firm basis in tangible sociohistorical experience.

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Sanders, Mike. "MANUFACTURING ACCIDENT: INDUSTRIALISM AND THE WORKER’S BODY IN EARLY VICTORIAN FICTION." Victorian Literature and Culture 28, no. 2 (September 2000): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150300282041.

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I refer to the health of millions who spend their lives in manufactories. . . I ask if these millions enjoy that vigour of body which is ever a direct good, and without which all other advantages are comparatively worthless? (The Effects of Arts, Trades, and Professions, and of civic states and habits of living, on health andlongevity, C. Turner Thackrah) [Factory reformers] wrote in the newspapers, and circulated pamphlets - they petitioned Parliament - exhibited diseased and crippled objects in London - and made such an impression on the public mind, that their measures were carried in the House of Commons almost by acclamation, notwithstanding the testimony of facts of a directly contrary nature. (Exposition of the Factory Question)THIS ARTICLE SEEKS to explore the significance of the injured working-class body in debates about the nature and meaning of industrial capitalism in the first half of the nineteenth century.1 It will argue that a growing awareness that the comforts of middle-class existence depended on processes that maimed working-class lives was profoundly unsettling to the bourgeois conscience as it threatened one of its most important narratives of legitimation. Finally, it will trace the emergence of the “accident” (as both concept and fictional trope) as a response to and resolution of this ideological crisis.

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Harrington, Ralph. "Railway Safety and Railway Slaughter: Railway Accidents, Government and Public in Victorian Britain." Journal of Victorian Culture 8, no. 2 (January 2003): 187–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jvc.2003.8.2.187.

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Palmer, Geoffrey. "A Retrospective on the Woodhouse Report: The Vision, the Performance and the Future." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 50, no. 2 (September 2, 2019): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v50i2.5753.

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The following is a revised version of the second Woodhouse Memorial Lecture given at both the Victoria University of Wellington and the University of Auckland in September 2018. It traces the history and policy iterations of New Zealand's accident compensation scheme that flowed from the 1967 Woodhouse Report (the Report), a Royal Commission report chaired by Sir Owen Woodhouse. It discusses the features of the Report and the determination it showed to get rid of the common law action for damages for personal injury. It analyses the degree to which the Report was not followed in the journey it took through the political decision-making system. There is a critical analysis of the delivery of benefits, the administration of the scheme and its financing. The performance in accident prevention and rehabilitation is briefly covered. The method of settling disputes in the scheme has seen an unwelcome return to legalism. The lecture concludes with a strong plea to remove the anomalies created by the accident compensation scheme between the vicitims of accident who receive earnings related-benefit and those who are dealt with under the Social Security Act 2018 under which they receive flat rate benefits. The lecture concludes with some lessons for policymakers.

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BARTRIP, P. W. J., and P. T. FENN. "The Measurement of Safety: Factory Accident Statistics in Victorian and Edwardian Britain." Historical Research 63, no. 150 (February 1, 1990): 58–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2281.1990.tb00870.x.

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Akram, Sumera, Muhammad Ahmed Khan, Imran Qaisar, Abdul Rehman, Wasif Ijaz, and Shafaq Khalid. "Paraphenylene diamine (Kala Pathar) poisoning in children of Bahawalpur and surrounding areas." Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University 16, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37018/gwsc7226.

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Background: Paraphenylene diamine (commonly known as Kala Pathar in Pakistan) poisoning is a common presentation in adults as well as pediatric patients in Southern Punjab. The study was carried out to assess paraphenylene diamine poisoning in pediatric cases. Patients and methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out at Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur. All the pediatric cases (<15 years age) of paraphenylene diamine poisoning reported during April 2021 to April 2022. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS. Results: Total 84 children presented at pediatric department of the hospital. Out of these, 43 (51.2%) were males and 41 (48.8%) were females. Age range was between 02 months and 15 years, mean age being 9.4 + 4.49 years. Majority of cases (46.6%) ingested paraphenylene diamine accidentally, followed by suicidal intention (29.8%), homicidal intent (21.4%) and unknown motive in 2.4% cases. Of all, 49 (58.3%) died of poisoning and 35 (41.7%) survived. Of all the cases, 44 (52.4%) underwent emergency tracheostomy. Conclusions: Paraphenylene diamine poisoning in children is an alarming trend. Although majority of the cases ingested it accidently but intake due to suicidal or homicidal reason were also high. Positive outcome was associated with higher age, carrying out early tracheostomy and mode of poisoning (homicidal cases had poorest outcome whereas accidental and suicidal pediatric cases had more chances of survival).

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Chatterjee, Arup K. "Aconite in Victorian Tropical Toxicology." Canadian Journal of Health History 39, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 281–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjhh.2022-554-122021.

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Beginning as a symptomatic reading of Arthur Conan Doyle’s use of a fictional African root poison, the Radix pedis diaboli, in “The Adventure of the Devil’s Foot” (1907), and Indian poisoned darts in The Sign of the Four (1890), this article makes some general comments on the history of colonial tropical toxicology, focusing on the Indian aconite ( Aconitum ferox) and its roots ( Radix aconiti indica). Arguably, Doyle had aconite in his mind while creating the fictional African root poison. Victorian toxicologists, who were deeply interested in Indian poisons, created stereotypes of India as congeries of melancholy and culturally backward, industrially primitive, and morally corrupt societies. Doyle’s fictional poisons were influenced by a normative cultural bias that saw tropical pharmakons like aconite with an Orientalizing gaze. By shifting the geographical focus from Doyle’s “Ubangi country” to nineteenth-century India, I draw attention to a larger spectrum of tropical toxicology. The colonial zeal to taxonomize the properties and utility of tropical pharmakons obsessively revolved around their toxic uses as criminal weapons or accidental killers, while marginalizing the medicinal uses that the plant had been historically put to by ancient Indian physicians.

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Haque, Mohammed Ohidul, and Max Cameron. "Effect of the Victorian zero BAC legislation on serious casualty accidents: July 1984–December 1985." Journal of Safety Research 20, no. 3 (September 1989): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4375(89)90058-3.

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Alajali, Walaa, Wei Zhou, Sheng Wen, and Yu Wang. "Intersection Traffic Prediction Using Decision Tree Models." Symmetry 10, no. 9 (September 7, 2018): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym10090386.

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Traffic prediction is a critical task for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Prediction at intersections is challenging as it involves various participants, such as vehicles, cyclists, and pedestrians. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the accurate intersection traffic prediction by introducing extra data sources other than road traffic volume data into the prediction model. In particular, we take advantage of the data collected from the reports of road accidents and roadworks happening near the intersections. In addition, we investigate two types of learning schemes, namely batch learning and online learning. Three popular ensemble decision tree models are used in the batch learning scheme, including Gradient Boosting Regression Trees (GBRT), Random Forest (RF) and Extreme Gradient Boosting Trees (XGBoost), while the Fast Incremental Model Trees with Drift Detection (FIMT-DD) model is adopted for the online learning scheme. The proposed approach is evaluated using public data sets released by the Victorian Government of Australia. The results indicate that the accuracy of intersection traffic prediction can be improved by incorporating nearby accidents and roadworks information.

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HEILMANN, ANN, and MARK LLEWELLYN. "What Kitty Knew." Nineteenth-Century Literature 59, no. 3 (December 1, 2004): 372–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.2004.59.3.372.

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Framed by sensational Ripper stories that turned fact into �ction and lurid murder into gripping reading matter, the extraordinary popularity of Robert Louis Stevenson's The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886), George du Maurier's Trilby (1894), and Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897) clearly indicate that the �n de si�cle was a time enthralled by the concept of split selves and sadistic impulses, of insidious male desires metaphorically and literally inscribed on the body of unconscious, hysterical, or hypnotized women. With his John Norton narratives of the late 1880s to mid 1890s, George Moore made a signi�cant contribution to this important cultural preoccupation in late-Victorian literature and culture. In this essay we trace the development of the theme in Moore's A Mere Accident (1887), Mike Fletcher (1889), and "John Norton" (which appeared in his collection Celibates, 1895). We read Moore's stories in the context of the emerging discourses of psychoanalysis and its reliance upon and relation to earlier work on the theories of the "double brain" and "multiplex personality". We also draw on works of late-nineteenth-century sexology-Havelock Ellis's Studies in the Psychology of Sex (1897-1910) and Richard von Krafft-Ebing's Psychopathia Sexualis (�rst published in German, 1886)-in order to explore the psycho-sexual nature of the malaise that af�icts the Norton character and highlight his ambivalent role in the "accident" that befalls the vicar's daughter, Kitty Hare. In addition, we pay close attention to the proto-Freudian language of dreams that haunt Kitty in the aftermath of her assault, arguing that in his "John Norton" narratives Moore engaged with the evolving concept of trauma. These stories, we argue, re�ect an important and hitherto neglected aspect of late-Victorian narrative explorations of hysteria and sexual pathology.

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Keith, Ken J. "Promoting Safety Through Law, National and International, and by Other Means." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 49, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v49i2.5322.

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The Woodhouse family, friends of Sir Owen Woodhouse and the law faculties of the Victoria University of Wellington and the University of Auckland decided on the occasion of what would have been Sir Owen Woodhouse's 100th birthday that a fellowship and lectureship should be established in recognition of the great contributions he has made to law and policy in New Zealand and beyond. The fellows and lecturers are not to see themselves as limited to the law and are encouraged to address broader matters challenging people here and abroad. Sir Kenneth Keith gave the inaugural Sir Owen Woodhouse Memorial Lecture in Wellington on 29 August 2017 and in Auckland on 30 August 2017. The address considers in turn the dangers and perils at work, at sea and on the battlefield. It reflects on New Zealand's accident compensation scheme and suggests possible extensions to the scheme.

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Hubbard, Thomas K. "Sexual Consent and the Adolescent Male, or What Can We Learn from the Greeks?" Boyhood Studies 4, no. 2 (September 1, 2010): 126–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3149/thy.0402.126.

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Classical Athens offers a useful comparative test‐case for essentialist assumptions about the necessary harm that emanates from sexual intimacy between adults and adolescent boys. The Athenian model does not fit victimological expectations, but instead suggests that adolescent boys could be credited with considerable powers of discretion and responsibility in sexual matters without harming their future cultural productivity. Contemporary American legislation premised on children’s incapacity to “consent” to sexual relations stems from outmoded gender constructions and ideological preoccupations of the late Victorian and Progressive Era; that it has been extended to “protection” of boys is a matter of historical accident, rather than sound social policy. Rigorous social science and historical comparanda suggest that we should consider a different “age of consent” for boys and girls.

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Papagoras, Harry, Tania Pizzari, Paul Coburn, Kevin Sleigh, and Andrew M. Briggs. "Supporting return to work through appropriate certification: a systematic approach for Australian primary care." Australian Health Review 42, no. 2 (2018): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah16247.

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Primary care practitioners play a critical role in supporting return to work (RTW) and minimising the detrimental physical and psychosocial sequelae of unnecessary and prolonged work absence in injured and ill workers. Accurate and consistent certification of capacity is an essential component of this role that has been scrutinised recently given the identified variation in certification practices between and within professions. This Perspective outlines the importance of correct certification of capacity for injured workers and provides a RTW flowchart to support systematised and appropriate certification. The flowchart is aimed at primary care practitioners (e.g. general practitioners or physiotherapists). The flowchart was developed at the Transport Accident Commission and WorkSafe Victoria as a guide for Australian primary care practitioners when certifying capacity. A more systematised approach to certification coupled with professional education and support may reduce variations and inaccuracies in certification, improve RTW rates and reduce the increasing burden of disease related to workplace injuries.

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Papagoras, Harry, Tania Pizzari, Paul Coburn, Kevin Sleigh, and Andrew M. Briggs. "Corrigendum to: Supporting return to work through appropriate certification: a systematic approach for Australian primary care." Australian Health Review 42, no. 2 (2018): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah16247_co.

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Primary care practitioners play a critical role in supporting return to work (RTW) and minimising the detrimental physical and psychosocial sequelae of unnecessary and prolonged work absence in injured and ill workers. Accurate and consistent certification of capacity is an essential component of this role that has been scrutinised recently given the identified variation in certification practices between and within professions. This Perspective outlines the importance of correct certification of capacity for injured workers and provides a RTW flowchart to support systematised and appropriate certification. The flowchart is aimed at primary care practitioners (e.g. general practitioners or physiotherapists). The flowchart was developed at the Transport Accident Commission and WorkSafe Victoria as a guide for Australian primary care practitioners when certifying capacity. A more systematised approach to certification coupled with professional education and support may reduce variations and inaccuracies in certification, improve RTW rates and reduce the increasing burden of disease related to workplace injuries.

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Lemercier, Claire, and Claire Zalc. "Pour une nouvelle approche de la relation de crédit en histoire contemporaine." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 67, no. 4 (December 2012): 977–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900009483.

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RésuméLa relation de crédit a encore été peu étudiée en histoire contemporaine, où elle est largement appréhendée sous le prisme d’un récit évolutionniste qui verrait la victoire progressive de « la rationalité économique »vial’institutionnalisation, la formalisation ou encore la modernisation, autant de notions qui semblent aller de soi. Nous proposons d’explorer les modalités de l’articulation entre formalisation et personnalisation de la relation de crédit, sans nous restreindre au schème de l’opposition entre les deux. En nous étayant sur une revue critique de la littérature récente sur ces thématiques, nous envisageons successivement la complémentarité des protagonistes du crédit et les transformations des instruments et des outils qui informent la transaction, avant d’aborder les accidents du crédit et les sanctions qui s’y attachent – ou non.

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Watson, W. L., and J. Ozanne-Smith. "Erratum to “Injury surveillance in Victoria, Australia: developing comprehensive injury incidence estimates”[Accident Analysis and Prevention 32 (2), 277–286]." Accident Analysis & Prevention 32, no. 3 (May 2000): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-4575(00)00008-7.

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Jingfors, K., and Anne Gunn. "The use of snowmobiles in the drug immobilization of muskoxen." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 5 (May 1, 1989): 1120–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-160.

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During the early winter in 1983 and 1985 on Victoria and Banks islands, respectively, we used snowmobiles to approach and hold muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) in tight groups, while individual animals were darted with a mixture of M99 and Rompun. We immobilized 47 muskoxen with one capture-related mortality from an accidental overdose. The effective dosage that resulted in acceptable induction and recovery times for most adult muskoxen was 7–8 mg M99 and 25–30 mg Rompun. Considerably cheaper to use than helicopters, snowmobiles also were more effective in holding muskoxen together and in reducing stress prior to immobilization. Darts could be fired at close range allowing for easier selection of individual muskoxen and for proper dart placement. Simultaneous darting and recovery of several animals in a group further reduced animal stress and increased capture efficiency.

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Pond, Franklin, Dan McCarty, and Stephen O’Leary. "Randomized trial on the treatment of oedematous acute otitis externa using ear wicks or ribbon gauze: clinical outcome and cost." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 116, no. 6 (June 2002): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215021911130.

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Acute otitis externa is a common condition that can be extremely painful. When there is considerable canal oedema, packing is necessary to facilitate the passage of medication. The experience at the Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital is that ear wicks generally require removal in two to three days by medical staff and can be labour intensive as they often involve serial removals following re-insertions. Alternatively, medicated ribbon gauze is cheap and can be removed by the patient at home. Ear wick and mediated ribbon gauze were investigated by a prospective randomized trial involving 94 patients.Fewer out-patient visits were required for the ribbon gauze group (two vs. three, p<0.0001) with considerably less material and labour costs than the wick group. Similar resolution rates were achieved (70 per cent vs. 64 per cent, p = 0.58). Following development of guidelines, theproportion of otitis externa patient reviews in the accident and emergency department declined from 49 per cent to 36 per cent.Compared with the ear wick, medicated ribbon gauze is a cost-effective method of treating oedematous acute otitis externa.

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BENDER, BERT. "“His Mind Aglow”: The Biological Undercurrent in Fitzgerald's Gatsby and Other Works." Journal of American Studies 32, no. 3 (December 1998): 399–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875898005982.

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They talked until three, from biology to organized religion, and when Amory crept shivering into bed it was with his mind aglow…(Fitzgerald, This Side of Paradise)Readers familiar with F. Scott Fitzgerald's early work might recall that in those years just before the Scopes trial he wrote of Victorians who “shuddered when they found what Mr. Darwin was about”; or that he joined in the fashionable comic attacks on people who could not accept their “most animal existence,” describing one such character as “a hairless ape with two dozen tricks.” But few would guess the extent to which his interest in evolutionary biology shaped his work. He was particularly concerned with three interrelated biological problems: (1) the question of eugenics as a possible solution to civilization's many ills, (2) the linked principles of accident and heredity (as he understood these through the lens of Ernst Haeckel's biogenetic law), and (3) the revolutionary theory of sexual selection that Darwin had presented in The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex (1871). As I hope to show in the following pages, his concern with these issues underlies such well-known features in the Fitzgerald landscape as his insecurity in the “social hierarchy” (his sense of its “terrifying fluidity”), his emphasis on the element of time, his interest in “the musk of money,” his interest in Spengler and the naturalists, and his negative portraiture of male violence. The principles of eugenics, accidental heredity, and sexual selection flow together as the prevailing undercurrent in most of Fitzgerald's work before and after The Great Gatsby, producing more anxiety than love from the tangled courtships of characters he deemed both beautiful and damned.

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Jeffrey Johnson, Kirstin. "Rooted Deep: Discovering the Literary Identity of Mythopoeic Fantasist George Macdonald." Linguaculture 2014, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lincu-2015-0027.

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Abstract This paper is a conversational reassessment of George MacDonald, the Victorian fantasist who so profoundly shaped such writers as C.S. Lewis and J.R.R. Tolkien. Primary research challenges the common portrayal of MacDonald as an accidental novelist, revealing instead his clear trajectory and vocation as a devoted literary scholar. Clarifying the definition of mythopoeic as applied by the Oxford Inklings to MacDonald draws attention to their conviction that attentive response to one’s literary roots is what engenders novel literature with transformative potential. Further research proves this to be in keeping with the work and legacy of MacDonald and his mentor A.J. Scott. An intentional participation in this relational nature of literary tradition is a crucial element of the work and legacy to which the Inklings and their successors are heirs.

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Cooper, Steven, and Casey Meakins. "Process safety – learning the hard way." APPEA Journal 60, no. 2 (2020): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj19096.

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Did you hear about the leak at the gas plant last week in Tasmania? What about the high potential incident from the dropped object at the chemical plant in Queensland? What about the fuel depot that went up in flames in Victoria? And what about the tragic scaffolding accident in New South Wales? What do you mean you don’t have time and that you have a meeting to go to….? Learnings are everywhere, as is the pressure of business and operational expectations to have continued sharing of lessons learnt. When do you have the time, let alone your teams and operations have the time, to appreciate the lessons? We do many great things to manage hazards and solve others’ problems, yet how can we ensure that the lessons are actually being learnt? This paper shares the 25 years’ experience from a Process Safety Professional, highlighting learning successes and failures from operations and projects executed around the world as well as from direct teaching experiences concering the fundamentals of process safety. It touches on the responsibilities we all have as process safety professionals and what we can do to enhance learning opportunities for both engineering and non-engineering audiences alike.

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Lea, Randall, and William Shaw. "Tools and Resources: Lower Extremity Conditions: Combination vs Duplication." Guides Newsletter 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.1998.janfeb02.

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Abstract This article discusses uses of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) in Australia and New Zealand. In addition to its use in the United States, the AMA Guides also is used in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and some European countries such as Ireland, the Netherlands, and Norway. Use of the AMA Guides varies from country to country, depending on local workers’ compensation or personal injury legislation. In Australia, the AMA Guides is used in various state systems, but the editions used or recommended may differ. Often, cases in which the impairment predates December 1988 (when the current Commonwealth Workers’ Compensation Act became effective) are assessed in terms of the AMA Guides, Fourth Edition. Although many physicians use the Fourth Edition, others refer to the Table of Disabilities (Div 4/S66 of the New South Wales Workers’ Compensation Act) and Victoria prefers the AMA Guides, Second Edition. At the federal level, Australia has adopted the Guide to the Assessment of the Degree of Permanent Impairment (1989 but under revision at the time of writing). In New Zealand, the Accident Compensation Commission officially adopted use of the AMA Guides, Fourth Edition, in 1997.

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Suarjana, I. Wayan Gede, Moh Fikri Pomalingo, and Bastian Rikardo Parhusip. "Re-layout of the work area using the ergonomic participatory method." International research journal of engineering, IT & scientific research 8, no. 6 (October 3, 2022): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/irjeis.v8n6.2177.

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Re-layout of work areas is very important to pay attention to in small and large industries. In structuring the work area, it greatly affects the sustainability of a company both in terms of worker health and in terms of company income. The aims of this study is the re-layout of the work area using the participatory ergonomic method. The research method used is an observation method by applying the participatory ergonomic stage. The research was conducted in the CV. Victorina industry from June to August 2022. The results of the research obtained were relayout work areas using participatory ergonomic methods, including conducting interviews and group discussions to obtain problem-solving solutions that were approved by all parties involved in the system. Conclusions from the results of the study obtained the design layout of the work area in accordance with the wishes and constraints experienced by workers, the application of personal protective equipment in work activities, and designing work facilities in the form of workbenches and equipment storage cabinets based on ergonomic participatory, so as to create an efficient, comfortable, safe, healthy, and effective working system and avoid accidents due to work.

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Cox, Kimberly. "A Touch of the Hand." Nineteenth-Century Literature 72, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 161–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.2017.72.2.161.

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Kimberly Cox, “A Touch of the Hand: Manual Intercourse in Anne Brontë’s The Tenant of Wildfell Hall” (pp. 161–191) Characters in the works of Anne Brontë, Elizabeth Gaskell, Thomas Hardy, and Bram Stoker communicated their passions, reciprocated desires, and negotiated the power dynamics of their social and romantic relationships through their hands. Despite the recent work on Victorian hand studies, little attention has been paid to such moments when characters’ hands touch. This essay introduces the term “manual intercourse” as a way of referring to all literary depictions of tactile encounters (whether handshakes, caresses, uninvited grasps, or other accidental manual interactions) while acknowledging the silent, embodied communication and exchange inherent in such moments of physical connection. Taking Brontë’s The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848) as an example par excellence, this essay explores how reading a novel through characters’ manual intercourse opens new ways of understanding and interpreting intense moments of emotional intimacy that language fails to represent adequately. Since emotions can be communicated through the quality, pressure, duration, and circumstance of a touch, manual intercourse in such novels allows for the possibility of excess sentiment that cannot be simply expressed through speech. Further, though nineteenth-century etiquette books dedicated entire sections to delineating types of handshakes acceptable in certain social situations, this essay suggests that some Victorian novelists challenged traditional gender ideology and the power structures inherent in it through representations of manual intercourse that either adhere to or deviate from traditional handshake etiquette.

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Martin, Ged. "Alexander Campbell (1822-1892)." Ontario History 105, no. 1 (July 31, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1050744ar.

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Although he was a father of Confederation, Alexander Campbell (1822-1892) is generally overshadowed by John A. Macdonald, whose law partner he was from 1843 to 1849, and whom he served for the first twenty years of the Dominion as Conservative party leader in the Senate, before retiring to become Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario in 1887. In fact, Campbell’s participation in public life was an achievement, since he suffered from impairment of mobility and was also subject to epileptic attacks. His marriage in England in 1855 to Frederica Sandwith broke up when she returned to Europe in 1871. She was later certified as insane and spent several years in asylums. Victorian reticence generally prevented open allusion to the difficulties of Campbell’s private life. The accidental death by shooting of his younger son in 1886, initially interpreted as suicide, prompted a few journalists to lift the veil and provide clues which this article traces back into the sparse archival record.

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Selinger, William. "Fighting electoral corruption in the Victorian era: An overlooked dimension of John Stuart Mill’s political thought." European Journal of Political Theory 18, no. 3 (September 7, 2016): 415–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474885116664018.

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For nearly half a century John Stuart Mill was a major critic of the forms of electoral corruption prevalent in Victorian England. Yet this political commitment has been largely overlooked by scholars. This article offers the first synoptic account of Mill’s writings against corruption. It argues that Mill’s opposition to corruption was not accidental or temperamental, but sprung from fundamental principles of his political thought. It also shows that Mill’s opposition to electoral corruption put him at odds with other leading liberal thinkers of his era, who thought that the existing ways in which wealth influenced elections had positive effects – or at the very least that they did not impede a healthy electoral contest from taking place. Mill’s fervent intent to eliminate corruption also distinguishes him from many liberal theorists today, who either do not write about electoral corruption, or consider it an issue to be managed and lived-with. Reflecting on Mill’s political thought alongside other liberal thinkers raises the question of whether liberal states can draw a definitive line between prevalent forms of corruption and legitimate modes of political action, and eliminate the former, or whether we must regard corruption as among the constitutive dilemmas of a liberal politics.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Accidents Victoria'

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