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Journal articles on the topic 'Accident and emergency'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Yuan, Chang Feng, Hao Wang, and Yan Chen. "The Hierarchical Risk Source Identification Method Connected with Event Causal Chain in the Emergency Process of Fire Accident of Petroleum Storage and Transportation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 501-504 (January 2014): 2411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.501-504.2411.

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The fire accident of petroleum storage and transportation has the characteristics of difficult disposal, wide range of influence, and a long-term hazard. Many derivative accidents or secondary accidents caused in the emergency process show that there are some potential risk sources in the process of accident emergency disposal. Effectively identifying these potential risk sources is the key for the active protective design in advance, and it is a minimum cost mean to prevent and reduce accident harm. In the paper, from the perspective of analyzing the nature of accident’s development and evolution process, the causal relationship between events is studied based on the accident-causing theory. The event causal chain is built in according with the order of event occurrence. The risk sources of accident are mined and identify from the node of event chain, and the hierarchical identification method oriented accident’s risk sources is established. For accident’s risk sources, the possible design measures in advance can be given from the perspective of principle design, structural design and control design. For design measure’s risk sources in emergency process can be mined by using man-human engineering method, and the graded risk sources identification method oriented secondary accidents is established. Combining the two methods, the hierarchical risk source identification method connected with event causal chain is put forward so as to effectively identify these potential risk sources in emergency process. Finally, oil pipeline explosion accident of dalian’s xinggang harbor on July 16, 2010 is taken as a case to verify the feasibility of proposed method.

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2

Jones, Gary. "Accident and Emergency Nursing Accident and Emergency Nursing." Nursing Standard 16, no. 47 (August 7, 2002): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2002.08.16.47.29.b344.

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3

Deng, Yaling, Shuliang Zou, and Daming You. "Theoretical Guidance on Evacuation Decisions after a Big Nuclear Accident under the Assumption That Evacuation Is Desirable." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (August 30, 2018): 3095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093095.

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The development of nuclear power is a major measure for implementing energy-saving and emission reduction strategies all over the world. For a long time, the hazards of nuclear accidents have been obstacles to the development of nuclear power. Temporary evacuation is the fastest and most effective emergency measure to ensure the safety of residents in a short period of time after a nuclear accident. Numerous nuclear accident emergency management personnel make judgments based on personal work experience and subjective awareness when formulating a nuclear accident emergency evacuation plan. How to make a scientific and reasonable decision on the emergency evacuation of nuclear accidents in the shortest time is a common problem faced by many emergency departments when a nuclear accident occurs. In a complex and ever-changing radiation environment, how to maximize the use of limited information and make decisions quickly in an uncertain environment is a core issue that effectively reduces the risk of nuclear accidents. This paper constructs a set of assessment system of nuclear accident emergency evacuation plan selection based on the characteristics of nuclear accident emergencies under uncertain environmental conditions. It uses triangular fuzzy language to describe nuclear accident emergency evacuation decision plans and the weighting of relevant factors. Additionally, the K-means clustering method is used to calculate the weight of experts, which reduces the influence of subjective factors considered by decision makers. Finally, a decision model for emergency evacuation of nuclear accidents is constructed based on the TOPSIS decision model.

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4

Dukes, I. K., M. K. Grant, and G. S. Pathakji. "Accidents in the accident and emergency department." Emergency Medicine Journal 7, no. 2 (June 1, 1990): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.7.2.122-b.

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5

Chen, Qing Guang, Guo Hua Chen, and Qing Ye. "Assessment Model of Accident Emergency Management System Performance for Chemical Industrial Park Based on Immune Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 1894–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.1894.

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Chemical accidents happen in workplaces all around the world. To improve the accident emergency management system is an important methodology to reduce the casualty and loss caused by accidents. In the light of the principles of immune system, the paper tried to analyze the accident emergency management system of chemical industrial park. It elaborated the similarities between immune system and accident emergency management system in the aspects of their existing environment, action object, function and adjustment mechanism. Immune mechanisms were used to formulate the assessment indexes of accident emergency management system performance. Inspired by immune system that keeps the living body healthy in “no antigen condition” and “touching antigen condition”, the assessment index system was formulated from the perspectives of “non-emergency condition” and “emergency condition”. Through the improved analytic hierarchy process, the weights of assessment indexes were calculated. Furthermore, the linear weighted model was applied in the building of the assessment model, which was then used to analyze the accident emergency management system of a chemical industrial park in Guangdong province, China. Through the data from expert investigation questionnaires, the scores of nine assessment indexes reflected accident emergency management system performance were obtained. The result showed that the model is helpful in analyzing the accident emergency management system performance and in improving the accident emergency management system in chemical industrial parks.

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6

Woodhouse, A. J. "A late shift in accident and emergency accident emergency." Accident and Emergency Nursing 3, no. 4 (October 1995): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0965-2302(95)90008-x.

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7

O'Mahony, Nessa. "Accident & Emergency." New Writing 6, no. 2 (July 2009): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14790720903215257.

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8

Mrema, I. J., and M. A. Dida. "A Survey of Road Accident Reporting and Driver’s Behavior Awareness Systems: The Case of Tanzania." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 10, no. 4 (August 16, 2020): 6009–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3449.

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Road traffic accidents are a leading cause of death in developed and developing countries. It has been shown that road accident reporting systems could reduce their effects by minimizing response time and mapping road accident-prone areas. This paper provides an overview of the systems and applications for road accident reporting and drivers’ behavior awareness. A field survey, conducted in Dar es Salaam region in Tanzania, investigated the current state of road traffic accident reporting. Findings showed that the main means of reporting road accidents were physical reporting and police emergency phone calls. The absence of alternative means for reporting road accidents causes information delay and lack of precise accident location for the emergency first responders. This paper concludes by proposing a mobile application system for road accident reporting and drivers’ over-speed awareness, in order to improve road safety in developing countries.

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9

Tsai, Ming-Kuan, Yung-Ching Lee, Chung-Hsin Lu, Mei-Hsin Chen, Tien-Yin Chou, and Nie-Jia Yau. "Integrating four-dimensional geographical information and mobile techniques into radiological accident emergency response training." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 27, no. 1 (2012): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1201084t.

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When radiological accidents occur, radioactive material may spread into the atmosphere, causing large-scale and long-term contamination. To diminish the effects of such accidents, researchers from many countries have investigated training programs in emergency response to radiological accidents, especially in the wake of several serious radiological accidents. Although many training programs have been proposed, this study identifies two problems: the lack of effective data representation and the lack of complete training records. Therefore, by considering various requirements for relief and evacuation work at radiological accident sites, it integrates four-dimensional geographical information and mobile techniques to construct a training platform for radiological accident emergency response. During training, groups of participants learn to respond to simulated radiological accident scenarios. Moreover, participants can use the training platform to review and discuss training details. Judging by the results, the training platform has not only increased the effectiveness of training programs, but also complied with standard operating procedures for radiological accident emergency response in Taiwan. In conclusion, this study could serve as a useful reference for similar studies and applications.

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10

Luan, Siliang, Qingfang Yang, Wei Wang, Zhongtai Jiang, Ruru Xing, and Ruijuan Chu. "Random Regret-Minimization Model for Emergency Resource Preallocation at Freeway Accident Black Spots." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2018 (October 16, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3513058.

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The preallocation of emergency resources is a mechanism increasing preparedness for uncertain traffic accidents under different weather conditions. This paper introduces the concept of accident probability of black spots and an improved accident frequency method to identify accident black spots and obtain the accident probability. At the same time, we propose a three-stage random regret-minimization (RRM) model to minimize the regret value of the attribute of overall response time, cost, and demand, which allocates limited emergency resources to more likely to happen accident spots. Due to the computational complexity of our model, a genetic algorithm is developed to solve a large-scale instance of the problem. A case study focuses on three-year rainy accidents’ data in Weifang, Linyi, and Rizhao of China to test the correctness and validity of the application of the model.

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11

Dukes, I. K. "Emergency medicine or accident and emergency?" Emergency Medicine Journal 18, no. 5 (September 1, 2001): 412—b—412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.18.5.412-b.

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12

Tachakra, S., A. Sivakumar, and M. McCabe. "Accident and emergency broadsheet: Undergraduate accident and emergency medicine education broadsheet." Emergency Medicine Journal 15, no. 3 (May 1, 1998): 200–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.15.3.200.

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13

Jiang, Zi Ying, and Fan Yu. "Nuclear Power Safety Development and Accident Emergency in China." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 2509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.2509.

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Nuclear power is clean, safe, but not zero risk, which has been evidenced by the history of nuclear power development. Nuclear accident emergency response is the final barrier of depth defense to reduce the potential risks that may arise from nuclear power development, which must be enhanced. The accident emergency preparedness in China and China responses to Fukushima accident are presented. Learning lessons from past nuclear power accidents (the Three Mile Island, Chernobyl and Fukushima), China would be keeping confidence in nuclear power development and advancing further improvement of emergency response capabilities to insist on the safety-first principle for nuclear power development.

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14

Harker, C., A. B. Matheson, J. A. Ross, and A. Seaton. "Occupational accidents presenting to the accident and emergency department." Emergency Medicine Journal 9, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.9.2.185.

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15

Jones, Gary. "Accident and emergency nursing." Nursing Standard 13, no. 31 (April 21, 1999): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.13.31.59.s57.

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16

Mitchel, Duncan. "Accident & emergency services." Learning Disability Practice 9, no. 6 (July 2006): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ldp.9.6.28.s24.

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17

Laing, Gordon S., and Peter L. Stevenson. "Accident and Emergency Medicine." Critical Care Medicine 17, no. 6 (June 1989): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-198906000-00036.

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18

Touquet, R. "Accident and Emergency Medicine." Emergency Medicine Journal 3, no. 4 (December 1, 1986): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.3.4.253-a.

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19

Troughton, A. H., and I. Kendall. "Accident and emergency radiology." BMJ 310, no. 6994 (June 17, 1995): 1605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.310.6994.1605b.

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20

Joshi, M. M. "Accident and Emergency Nursing." British Journal of Sports Medicine 19, no. 2 (June 1, 1985): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.19.2.120.

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21

Hodgetts, T. "Accident and Emergency Medicine." Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps 146, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jramc-146-01-11.

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22

Currie, C. "Accident, emergency, or what?" Age and Ageing 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afi015.

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23

Banerjee, A. "Accident and emergency medicine." Postgraduate Medical Journal 71, no. 831 (January 1, 1995): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.71.831.61.

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24

Lane, David, Camilla Monefeldt, and Jonathan Rosenhead. "Emergency - but no Accident." OR Insight 11, no. 4 (October 1998): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ori.1998.18.

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25

Skinner, D. V. "Accident and emergency services." BMJ 301, no. 6764 (December 8, 1990): 1292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.301.6764.1292.

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26

Beckett, M. W., J. Belstead, R. Cocks, P. Longstaff, and P. Nash. "Accident and emergency services." BMJ 302, no. 6768 (January 12, 1991): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6768.110-a.

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27

Touquet, R. "Accident and emergency services." BMJ 302, no. 6768 (January 12, 1991): 110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6768.110-b.

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28

Belstead, J. S. "Accident and emergency services." BMJ 302, no. 6768 (January 12, 1991): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6768.111.

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29

Yates, D. W. "Accident and emergency services." BMJ 302, no. 6768 (January 12, 1991): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6768.111-a.

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30

Madhok, R., and I. Holtby. "Accident and emergency services." BMJ 302, no. 6768 (January 12, 1991): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6768.111-b.

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31

Skinner, D. V. "Accident and emergency services." BMJ 302, no. 6774 (February 23, 1991): 470–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6774.470-b.

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32

Bolton, Jim. "Accident and emergency psychiatry." Psychiatry 5, no. 3 (March 2006): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/psyt.2006.5.3.73.

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33

Dutton, J. "Accident and emergency monitor." Accident and Emergency Nursing 3, no. 1 (January 1995): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0965-2302(95)90057-8.

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34

Burgess, Kate. "Accident and emergency medicine." Accident and Emergency Nursing 3, no. 1 (January 1995): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0965-2302(95)90068-3.

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35

King, M. T. "Accident and emergency nursing." Injury 16, no. 7 (July 1985): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-1383(85)90187-1.

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36

London, P. S. "Accident and emergency handbook." Injury 17, no. 6 (November 1986): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-1383(86)90098-7.

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37

Schelble, Daniel T. "Accident and emergency medicine." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 8, no. 5 (September 1990): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(90)90237-t.

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38

Wardrope, J. "Accident and emergency medicine." BMJ 316, no. 7140 (April 25, 1998): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.316.7140.2.

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39

Ganeshkumar, P., and P. Gokulakrishnan. "Emergency Situation Prediction Mechanism: A Novel Approach for Intelligent Transportation System Using Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/218379.

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In Indian four-lane express highway, millions of vehicles are travelling every day. Accidents are unfortunate and frequently occurring in these highways causing deaths, increase in death toll, and damage to infrastructure. A mechanism is required to avoid such road accidents at the maximum to reduce the death toll. An Emergency Situation Prediction Mechanism, a novel and proactive approach, is proposed in this paper for achieving the best of Intelligent Transportation System using Vehicular Ad Hoc Network. ESPM intends to predict the possibility of occurrence of an accident in an Indian four-lane express highway. In ESPM, the emergency situation prediction is done by the Road Side Unit based on (i) the Status Report sent by the vehicles in the range of RSU and (ii) the road traffic flow analysis done by the RSU. Once the emergency situation or accident is predicted in advance, an Emergency Warning Message is constructed and disseminated to all vehicles in the area of RSU to alert and prevent the vehicles from accidents. ESPM performs well in emergency situation prediction in advance to the occurrence of an accident. ESPM predicts the emergency situation within 0.20 seconds which is comparatively less than the statistical value. The prediction accuracy of ESPM against vehicle density is found better in different traffic scenarios.

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40

Pintér, György G. "The Danube Accident Emergency Warning System." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 10 (November 1, 1999): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0498.

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Significant number of accidental water pollution incidents occurred during the past decades in the Danube River Basin, often having transboundary impacts. Growing needs arose at the important water users (first of all at drinking water intakes) along the rivers to get early warning about such incidents. The Danube Accident Emergency Warning System (DAEWS) was put into operation in April 1997, as a result of the short term priority action of the Environmental Programme for the Danube River Basin. The Danube Accident Emergency Warning System provides immediate information on sudden changes in water characteristics, like accidental river pollution incidents having transboundary effects, to assist the responsible authorities and water users in the downstream countries to make preventive measures in time. The countries where the system is now operational are (in the order of their location in the river basin): Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia, Romania, and Bulgaria. The National Centres of the system established within the programme in each of the co-operating countries are called as PIACs (Principal International Alert Centres), being in close contact with the national pollution control structures. To meet the requirements on fast information transmission capabilities, the system are equipped with a satellite communication system linked to local computer network between the units of the PIACs with information processing system, hazardous substances database, the Danube Basin Alarm Model for the simulation of pollution effects. International Operation Manual provides the standard operation technique in each country. Practical example of the serious chemical accidental spill in Hungary in May 1998 illustrates the operation of the DAEWS system.

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41

Arleiny, Damoyanto Purba, IIe Suwondo, and Manungku Trinata P. "Analysis of search and rescue emergency evaluation in ship accidents in Indonesia." SHS Web of Conferences 42 (2018): 00119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184200119.

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The objectives og this research is to describe the factors causing ship accident in Indonesia and know the effectiveness of SAR emergency in ship accident in Indonesia. The research method used in this research is qualitative research. Techniques Collection of literature study data and documents. Data validity method using triangulation. Data analysis uses interactive data analysis. The conclusions of this study are Factors that cause the occurrence of ship accidents in Indonesia, among others, the resources of the crew, the eligibility of ships, supporting facilities for shipping, operators, lack of supervision of apparatus, service users and other factors. The high number of ship accidents in Indonesia shows the ineffective implementation of SAR in ship accident in Indonesia.

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42

Luo, Yulan, Ying Liu, Qianying Du, Qingsong Chen, and Zhihui Cheng. "The identification research of emergency treatment technology for sudden heavy metal pollution accidents in drainage basin based on D-S evidence theory." Water Science and Technology 80, no. 12 (December 15, 2019): 2392–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.065.

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Abstract As a sudden heavy metal pollution accident occurs in a drainage basin, decision makers need to quickly select the optimal emergency treatment technology and formulate emergency schemes according to the actual accident characteristics. Therefore, a two-step identification method of emergency treatment technology for sudden heavy metal pollution accidents based on Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory is proposed, in order to screen the optimal emergency treatment technology effectively and solve the conflict among fusion data in the process of index quantification. Firstly, the available technologies were screened preliminarily by the primary identification indexes (technical characteristic indexes). Secondly, the weight synthesis method based on the D-S evidence theory and attribute assignment was utilized to score the secondary identification indexes (technical evaluation indexes) of each available technology comprehensively. Finally, the optimal emergency treatment technology for this sudden pollution accident was obtained. Taking the sudden arsenic pollution accident of the Picang flood diversion channel in Linyi, Shandong Province as an example, the activated alumina adsorption dam technology was extracted successfully, which is in accordance with the actual treatment situation. The result shows that the method has strong feasibility and practicability, which can provide strong decision support for dealing with sudden pollution accidents in drainage basins efficiently.

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43

Burke, C. Shawn, Eduardo Salas, and J. Peter Kincaid. "Emergency Vehicles that Become Accident Statistics: Understanding and Limiting Accidents Involving Emergency Vehicles." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 45, no. 4 (October 2001): 508–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120104500451.

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44

Reid, C., B. Watts, J. Nicholas, S. Slack, K. Hartington, M. Howell, A. Okwonko, et al. "Accident and emergency medicine or emergency medicine." Emergency Medicine Journal 16, no. 3 (May 1, 1999): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.16.3.238.

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45

Jones, A. "Accident and emergency medicine or emergency medicine?" Emergency Medicine Journal 16, no. 3 (May 1, 1999): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.16.3.238-a.

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46

Rocke, L. G. "Accident and emergency medicine or emergency medicine?" Emergency Medicine Journal 16, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.16.1.74.

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47

Wu, Haitao, Botao Zhong, Benachir Medjdoub, Xuejiao Xing, and Li Jiao. "An Ontological Metro Accident Case Retrieval Using CBR and NLP." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (July 31, 2020): 5298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155298.

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Metro accidents are apt to cause serious consequences, such as casualties or heavy economic loss. Once accidents occur, quick and accurate decision-making is essential to prevent emergent accidents from getting worse, which remains a challenge due to the lack of efficient knowledge representation and retrieval. In this research, an ontological method that integrates case-based reasoning (CBR) and natural language processing (NLP) techniques was proposed for metro accident case retrieval. An ontological model was developed to formalize the representation of metro accident knowledge, and then, the CBR aimed to retrieve similar past cases for supporting decision-making after the accident cases were annotated by the NLP technique. Rule-based reasoning (RBR), as a complementary of CBR, was used to decide the appropriate measures based on those that are recorded in regulations, such as emergency plans. A total of 120 metro accident cases were extracted from the safety monthly reports during metro operations and then built into the case library. The proposed method was tested in MyCBR and evaluated by expert reviews, which had an average precision of 91%.

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48

Dimond, B. "Non-accidental injury and the Accident and Emergency nurse." Accident and Emergency Nursing 1, no. 4 (October 1993): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0965-2302(93)90089-i.

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49

Kishore Kumar, K., Atmakuri Sravan Kumar, Sunkari Amarnadh Gupta, and Sure Venkata Naga Parvesh. "Smart alert for smart transportation." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.7 (February 5, 2018): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.7.10637.

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Road accident is mostly happened to a road user, though they happen quite often. The most unfortunate thing is that we don't learn from our mistakes on road. Most of the road users are quite well aware of the general rules and safety measures while using roads but it is only the laxity on part of road users, which cause accidents and crashes. Main cause of accidents and crashes are due to human errors. Many of the road accidents occurs in the human errors by overriding, drink and drive and don’t follow safety precautions on roads. Various national and international researchers have found these as most common behavior of Road drivers, which leads to accidents [4].So, we came up with an application to alert hospital emergency and cops. all the users can easily handle this application when accident emergency occur. In the same way we can save life of a person by occur road accident.

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50

Wald, Niel. "Injuries from Nuclear Accidents." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, S1 (1985): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00045246.

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In view of public concern about health impairment from accidental radiation exposure, the record of forty years experience in the utilization of nuclear energy was reviewed. All reported exposure incidents producing health effects from external radiation sources and internal radionuclide contamination in the United States and some in other countries have been included. Preparations for the management of such accidents will be considered briefly. The relationship of this actual accident experience to the unresolved problems in management planning and professional and public education for future accidents like that at the Three Mile Island nuclear power station in Middletown, Pennsylvania, March 1979, but with potential associated health impairment, was discussed. The complete paper is published in the Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress for Emergency and Disaster Medicine, organized by the “Club of Mainz” in Rome, Italy, 1983 (see Manni, C and Magalini, S, Springer Publ, Heidelberg, 1984).

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