Journal articles on the topic 'Accession'
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1
Faji, Mulisa, Gezahagn Kebede, Fekede Feyissa, Kedir Mohammed, Muluneh Minta, Solomon Mengistu, and Aschelew Tsegahun. "Evaluation of ten perennial forage grasses for biomass and nutritional quality." Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17138/tgft(9)292-299.
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A study was carried out to evaluate 10 perennial forage grass accessions from 4 species for herbage dry matter yield and nutritional quality at Holetta Agricultural Research Center. The evaluated grasses species and varieties were one Desho grass (Pennisetum) variety Kulumsa, four Urochloa decumbens (ILRI-14721, ILRI-14720, ILRI-13205 and ILRI-10871), three Urochloa ruziziensis (ILRI-14813, ILRI-14774 and ILRI-13332) and two Setaria sphacelata (ILRI-143 and ILRI-6543) accessions. Plant height and forage dry matter yield were significantly affected by accession over years, during the establishment and production phases. Combined analysis indicated that the tested accessions varied significantly for plant height with the Setaria accessions taller than the other tested species. Combined data analysis revealed that forage dry matter yield significantly varied according to species and Desho grass (variety Kulumsa) was higher in dry matter yield than the other grasses tested. Fiber contents (NDF, ADF and ADL) were significantly influenced by accession. Crude protein yield differed among the accessions and Desho grass had higher crude protein, followed by U. decumbens (accession ILRI-13205), U. decumbens (accession ILRI-14721) and S. sphacelata (accession ILRI-6543). Based on dry matter yield and crude protein U. decumbens (accession ILRI-13205), U. ruziziensis (accession ILRI-13332), S. sphacelata (accession 6543) and Desho grass (var. Kulumsa) are recommended as alternative forage grasses for the study area and similar agro-ecologies.
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Sivakumaran, K., D. Mulugeta, P. K. Fay, and W. E. Dyer. "Differential Herbicide Response Among Sulfonylurea-Resistant Kochia scoparia L. Accessions." Weed Science 41, no. 2 (June 1993): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500076001.
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Three chlorsulfuron-resistant kochia accessions were tested for levels of resistance to sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicides, based on whole plant response and sensitivity of the target enzyme. The resistant Minot and Chester accessions were not affected by treatment with 175 g ha−1 chlorsulfuron, and I50 values for the Chester accession ranged from 22-fold (metsulfuron-methyl) to 196-fold (chlorsulfuron) higher than the susceptible Bozeman accession. However, the Chester accession was 1.5- to 2-fold more resistant than Minot to five sulfonylurea herbicides, as determined by acetolactate synthase (ALS) I50 values. The third resistant accession (Power) displayed an intermediate response and was only 2- to 5-fold more resistant than the susceptible Bozeman accession to all sulfonylurea herbicides tested. The Minot and Chester accessions were slightly cross-resistant to four imidazolinone herbicides, ranging from 2-fold (imazamethabenz, imazethapyr, and imazaquin) to 6-fold (imazapyr) more resistant than the Bozeman accession, but cross-resistance levels did not differ appreciably between the Minot and Chester accessions. The Power accession was not cross-resistant to the four imidazolinone herbicides tested. The results demonstrate that degrees of ALS resistance and cross-resistance are highly variable among kochia populations: these differences may be due to the type of mutation in the gene encoding ALS.
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Gealy, David R. "Growth, Gas Exchange, and Germination of Several Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) Accessions." Weed Science 36, no. 2 (March 1988): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500074683.
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Growth, development, and germination among jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindricaHost. # AEGCY) accessions collected from nine western states were not consistently different in field plots near Pullman, WA, or in the greenhouse. Germination percentage and rate of spikelet germination of all accessions produced in the field and greenhouse were consistently high, averaging about 64% and 5.2 (on a unitless scale of 0 to 7), respectively. The Montana accession germinated consistently less than the others. In a separate greenhouse study comparing only the accessions from Colorado and Nebraska, the accession from Colorado averaged 18, 16, and 15% greater net photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal density, respectively, and 21% lower diffusive resistance (rl) than did the accession from Nebraska. However, growth parameters of the Nebraska accession averaged 7 to 35% greater than for the Colorado accession. Overall, the germination, growth, CO2fixation, and water use among accessions appeared to be similar when jointed goatgrass was grown under Pacific Northwest conditions.
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Harisanti, Baiq Muli. "KERAGAMAN GENETIK TANAMAN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) AKSESI UNGGUL HASIL PERSILANGAN BERBASIS RAPD (RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA)." JUPE : Jurnal Pendidikan Mandala 1, no. 1 (December 7, 2016): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.58258/jupe.v1i1.64.
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The use of genetic diversity for the study of kinship between two individuals or two populations within a species is necessary documented. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) by using RAPD. This type of research is descriptive developmental research. This study was to analyze the genotypic diversity of crossbred various accessions of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas. L) with RAPD technique. The study population was the whole Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) accessions superior results of a cross contained in District Kalipare, Kediri. The sample in this study is jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) the result of crossing the winning numbers covering 4 numbers of crossbred plants originating from Kalipare, East Java. Based on the analysis of kinship based RAPD embodied in dendogram of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) crosses the superior results indicate that the accession to the elders SM 35 X SP 38 and SP 8 X SP 38 have smaller level of genetic similarity, namely 56 , 8% compared with the level of genetic similarity among accessions with elders SP HS 33 X 8 X 49 and SP 16 SP 76,3%. If traced the origin of the elders of each accession of crossbred, the accessions originating from different areas such as the SM 35 of Nusa Tenggara Barat and HS 49 from East Nusa Tenggara is also possible to have a genetic similarity with accessions from South Sulawesi, such as SP 8, SP 16, SP 33 and SP 38. the previous study (Salim, 2010) on the accession of the elder-accession states that accession HS 49 from NTT has a genetic similarity (89.6%) with the accession SP 38 from South Sulawesi, as well as the accession of NTB SM 35 with the accession SP 16 from South Sulawesi has a genetic similarity coefficient reached 92%.
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Bosland, Paul W. "Sources of Curly Top Virus Resistance in Capsicum." HortScience 35, no. 7 (December 2000): 1321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.7.1321.
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During a natural field epidemic of curly top virus, accessions within five species of Capsicum were evaluated for resistance. Accessions were considered resistant if 0% to 25% of the individual plants were devoid of curly top virus symptoms. Resistance was found in three accessions each of C. annuum L. and C. frutescens L. and one accession each of C. chacoense Hunz. and C. chinense Jacq. The resistant C. annuum accessions were `Burpee Chiltepin', `NuMex Bailey Piquin', and `NuMex Twilight', while the C. frutescens resistant accessions were USDA-Grif 9322 from Costa Rica, PI 241675 from Ecuador and `Tabasco'. The resistant C. chacoense accession was PI 273419 from Argentina and the C. chinense resistant accession was USDA-Grif 9303 from Colombia.
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VanGessel, Mark J., Jill Schroeder, and Philip Westra. "Comparative growth and development of four spurred anoda (Anoda cristata) accessions." Weed Science 46, no. 1 (February 1998): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500090226.
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Field studies were conducted in Colorado and New Mexico to examine growth and development of spurred anoda accessions from Colorado, Mississippi, New Mexico, and North Carolina. Accessions were grown in a common garden in both locations. Leaf and stem weight ratios, leaf area ratio, and leaf area per plant were determined. North Carolina and Mississippi accessions were similar in morphology and appearance. Leaf shape, degree of pubescence, and coloration were different in the Colorado and New Mexico accessions. At both sites, the Colorado accession was taller and the canopy wider than other accessions. In Colorado in 1993, North Carolina and New Mexico accessions had the highest total weight followed by Colorado, then Mississippi. In 1994, final total weights of North Carolina, Mississippi, and New Mexico accessions were similar and greater than the Colorado accession. All accessions had similar final total weights in New Mexico in 1993. In 1994, Mississippi, North Carolina, and New Mexico accessions had similar total weights. The Colorado accession flowered earlier than other accessions. Seeds from Mississippi and North Carolina accessions grown in Colorado were heavier than the New Mexico or Colorado accession. This research demonstrates why making inferences of weed biology for variable species that occur over diverse geographic and climatic conditions is difficult and why regionally specific data are needed for variable species.
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Singh, Vijay, Russ Garetson, Josh McGinty, Peter Dotray, Gaylon Morgan, Scott Nolte, and Muthukumar Bagavathiannan. "Distribution of herbicide-resistant waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) across row crop production systems in Texas." Weed Technology 34, no. 1 (September 26, 2019): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2019.78.
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AbstractWe conducted a survey in the major row-crop production regions of Texas to determine the response of waterhemp to glyphosate (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase [EPSPS] inhibitor), atrazine (photosystem II [PSII] inhibitor), pyrithiobac (acetolactate synthase [ALS] inhibitor), tembotrione (hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase [HPPD] inhibitor), fomesafen (protoporphyrinogen oxidase [PPO] inhibitor), and dicamba (synthetic auxin). We evaluated 127 accessions for these herbicides. Resistance was confirmed on the basis of plant survival within an accession, and the injury ratings of surviving plants were used to categorize each accession as resistant (<50% injury) or less sensitive (50% to 89% injury). For glyphosate, approximately 27% of all tested accessions were resistant and 20% were less sensitive. The Gulf Coast region had the most glyphosate-resistant accessions (46% of the accessions from this region), followed by the Blacklands region (9%). A dose-response assay of the most resistant waterhemp accession (TX-25) exhibited 17-fold resistance to glyphosate when compared with a susceptible standard. Waterhemp resistance to atrazine also was common in the Gulf Coast region. The accession with the greatest atrazine resistance (TX-31) exhibited 47- and 68-fold resistance to this herbicide when applied POST and PRE, respectively. Widespread resistance to pyrithiobac was observed in waterhemp accessions throughout the Blacklands and Gulf Coast regions. The most resistant accession identified in this study was 61-fold resistant compared with a susceptible standard. No high-level resistance was detected for tembotrione, dicamba, or fomesafen, but high variability in sensitivity to tembotrione and dicamba was observed. One waterhemp accession exhibited reduced sensitivity to fomesafen; the rest were sensitive. Overall, at least two accessions exhibited resistance or reduced sensitivity to herbicides with five different sites of action. The study illustrates the prevalence of multiple herbicide resistance in waterhemp accessions in Texas and emphasizes the need to implement diversified management tactics.
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Royani, J. I., Rr N. Utami, S. Maulana, H. Agustina, Herdis, R. Herry, Sarmedi, and Mansyur. "Biodiversity of Kikuyu Grass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov) in Indonesia as high protein forage based on morphology and nutrition compared." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 902, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/902/1/012006.
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Abstract Kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov) is tropical grass originates from Eastern Africa, that has been introduced in other tropical and subtropical areas including in Indonesia. Kikuyu used as forage with high protein content and palatable. In Indonesia, Kikuyu still rarely exists, and no data reported yet about Kikuyu growing in Indonesia except data about when it was introduced to Indonesia. The aims of this study were to know the biodiversity of Kikuyu in Indonesia and to compare its morphology and nutrition contents between accession. Exploring Kikuyu accessions was done around West of Java province area. The morphology of each accession was observed with parameters and nutrition content of each accession was analyzed using proximate analysis. The results showed 3 accessions of Kikuyu from Burangrang, Tangkuban Perahu and Bukit Tunggul location. Morphology of the 3 accessions shows not significant different in all parameters. Nutrition contents between accessions namely dry matter, water contents, and fat contents shows not significant different. Crude protein content of Kikuyu accessions was ranged between 18.18 to 21.48 % DM. In this study, Burangrang accession had higher crude protein (21.48%) than other accessions, for that it has potential to be developed as superior variety.
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Mamun, Md Al, S. Shamsi, and MA Bashar. "Estimation of interrelationships among some quality factors of jute seeds." Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 25, no. 1 (June 28, 2016): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v25i1.28485.
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The storage mycoflora associated with seeds of 21 accessions of Corchorus capsularis L. were isolated and identified. Blotter, Paper towel and Agar plate methods were used to isolate the fungi associated with seeds. A total of ten species of fungi viz. Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. terreus, Curvularia lunata, Colletotrichum corchori, Fusarium oxysporum, Eurotium sp., Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus stolonifer were isolated from the selected jute seeds. Aspergillus spp. and Colletotrichum corchori were predominant in most of the jute accessions. Accession No. A-3047 showed the highest fungal incidence and Accession Nos. A-3361, A-2734 and A-877 showed the lowest. Accession No. A-3361 showed the highest seed germination while Accession No. A-3309 showed the lowest. Mortality of seedling showed the highest in Accession No. A-3309 and the lowest in Accession No. A-3361. Physical purity of seed recorded the highest in Accession No. A- 3361 and the lowest in Accession No. A-3309. There were negative correlation between percentage of fungi and percentage of germination and between percentage of fungi and physical purity of seeds. Positive correlation was observed between percentage of fungi and seedling mortality and between purity of seed and germination of seed.Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 25(1): 9-17, 2016
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Ringo, J. Decker, Douglas D. Archbold, and Ann M. Clements. "277 Transpiration and Membrane Competence in Fragaria Exhibit Genotype-specific Responses to ABA." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 490B—490. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.490b.
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Divergent physiological responses to drought between and among accessions within Fragaria chiloensis (FC) and F. virginiana (FV) may result from differing responses to ABA produced during the drought. Excised leaves from an accession of each species as well as F. ×ananassa (FXA) `Tribute' and their interspecific hybrids were fed ABA at 0, 1, 10, 100, and 1000 nM via the cut petiole for 24 h before measuring transpiration rate. Transpiration rates of the FV accession and FV by FXA hybrid were relatively less responsive to ABA than any of the others tested. Foliar membrane competence of the FC and FV accessions, measured by the gTi method using excised disks, was reduced by ABA treatment in both species with a relatively greater effect on FV. A drought episode before sampling affected gTi values of FV but not FC. ABA treatment had no additional effect on gTi values of a previously droughted FC accession, while gTi values of a previously droughted FV accession were increased with ABA treatment. Thus, transpiration of the FV accession was less responsive to increasing ABA concentration than the FC accession, while membrane competence of the FV accession was affected more by both drought and ABA treatment applied separately or in combination than the FC accession.
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Manley, Brian S., Kriton K. Hatzios, and Henry P. Wilson. "Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of Chlorimuron and Nicosulfuron in Imidazolinone-Resistant and -Susceptible Smooth Pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus)." Weed Technology 13, no. 4 (December 1999): 759–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00042196.
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The absorption, translocation, and metabolism of the ethyl ester of chlorimuron and nicosulfuron in resistant (R) and susceptible (S) smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) were investigated. R and S smooth pigweed seedlings (5 to 10 cm tall) were treated with foliar-applied14C-labeled chlorimuron and nicosulfuron and harvested at 3, 6, 24, and 72 h after application. Chlorimuron absorption increased with time in both populations of smooth pigweed and was higher in the R accession only at 6 h after application. Nicosulfuron absorption did not increase with time in the R accession, and after 6 h, there were no differences between the R and S accessions. Absorbed chlorimuron and nicosulfuron were translocated to shoots and leaves above and below the treated leaf, but not into the roots in both accessions. Translocation of chlorimuron and nicosulfuron out of the treated leaf was also similar in the two accessions. Metabolism of14C-chlorimuron occurred more rapidly in the R accession with approximately 68% remaining as chlorimuron at 3 h after application. At the same time period, 81% of the absorbed radioactivity remained as chlorimuron in the S accession. Metabolism of14C-chlorimuron at 24 and 72 h after application was greater in the S than the R accession of smooth pigweed. Metabolism of14C-nicosulfuron was similar in the two accessions and did not increase with time. Rapid herbicide metabolism may explain the twofold level of crossresistance of the R accession of smooth pigweed to chlorimuron at the whole plant level.
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Ahmad, Yuliani, M. Taufik Fauzi, and Bambang Budi Santoso. "Karakter Habitus dan Viabilitas Biji Tanaman Biduri (Calotropis gigantea) Aksesi Lombok Tengah Bagian Selatan." JURNAL SAINS TEKNOLOGI & LINGKUNGAN 7, no. 1 (June 25, 2021): 114–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jstl.v7i1.238.
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This study aims to describe the morphological character and seed growth potential of biduri (Calotropis gigantea) accession growing in the tourist area of South Central Lombok (Kuta Mandalika, Tanjung Aan, and Seger), and was carried out during February-August 2020. The method used was descriptive observative with survey techniques and sampling by purposive sampling based on the population of biduri. The seed growth experiment used a completely randomized design in a greenhouse consisting of two factors, namely the type of substrate and accession, which was repeated three times, so that there were 18 experimental units. The results shows that the Kuta Mandalika Biduri accession was showed superiority in the number of fruit characters per panicle. Tanjung Aan accessions excel in branching characters (primary and secondary branches), number of panicles per tree, number of flowers per panicle, number of fruits per tree and fruit size. Meanwhile, Seger accessions were superior in terms of plant height, seed size and weight of 100 seeds. There were no character differences in seed viability of the three accessions. The closest genetic-relationship occurs in the Kuta Mandalika accession of plot 2 sample 2 with the Kuta Mandalika accession of plot 3 sample 1 marked with a coefficient value of 1.00. Meanwhile, the furthest relationship was found in the Kuta Mandalika accession of plot 1 sample 1 with Tanjung Aan accession of plot 2 sample 2 marked with a coefficient value of 33.932.
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JONES, KENT. "The political economy of WTO accession: the unfinished business of universal membership." World Trade Review 8, no. 2 (April 2009): 279–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745609004261.
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AbstractWhile the WTO now represents most of the world's population, GDP, and trade, the accession process since its founding has been lengthy, and it is getting longer. Compared to its predecessor, the GATT, the WTO applies a much more detailed and legalistic approach to accession, due to its broader scope of policy coverage and the enforcement powers of the Dispute Settlement Understanding. In WTO accession cases, WTO incumbent members have a superior bargaining position. The present study provides evidence that the elapsed time from WTO application to accession has increased with the number of completed accessions, suggesting a process of learning by WTO members to bargain for more demanding concessions from applicants. Regarding the terms of accession, the number of rules commitments has increased, and the level of bound tariffs has fallen, as the number of completed accessions has increased. In view of the difficult cases remaining in order to complete universal WTO membership, the author proposes more flexibility in accession requirements, along the lines of the GATT tradition.
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Beckie, Hugh J., Eric N. Johnson, and Anne Légère. "Negative Cross-Resistance of Acetolactate Synthase Inhibitor–Resistant Kochia (Kochia scoparia) to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase– and Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase–Inhibiting Herbicides." Weed Technology 26, no. 3 (September 2012): 570–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-12-00020.1.
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This greenhouse experiment examined the response of homozygous susceptible and acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor–resistant plants from six Canadian kochia accessions with the Pro197 or Trp574 mutation to six alternative herbicides of different sites of action. The null hypothesis was ALS-inhibitor–resistant and –susceptible plants from within and across accessions would respond similarly to herbicides of different sites of action. This hypothesis was accepted for all accessions except that of MBK2 with the Trp574 mutation. Resistant plants of that accession were 80, 60, and 50% more sensitive than susceptible plants to pyrasulfotole, mesotrione (hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase [HPPD] inhibitors), and carfentrazone (protoporphyrinogen oxidase [PPO] inhibitor), respectively. However, no differential dose response between resistant and susceptible plants of this kochia accession to bromoxynil, fluroxypyr, or glyphosate was observed. A previous study had found marked differences in growth and development between resistant and susceptible plants of this accession, but not of the other accessions examined in this experiment. Negative cross-resistance exhibited by resistant plants of accession MBK2 to PPO and HPPD inhibitors in this experiment may be a pleiotropic effect related to the Trp574 mutation.
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Wiederholt, Ronald J., and David E. Stoltenberg. "Similar Fitness Between Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) Accessions Resistant or Susceptible to Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase Inhibitors." Weed Technology 10, no. 1 (March 1996): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00045681.
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Experiments were conducted to determine the productivity and the competitive ability of a large crabgrass accession (PW2) resistant to acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors relative to a susceptible accession (A310). Under noncompetitive conditions in the field, shoot dry biomass and plant height over time were similar for the two accessions. Leaf area was slightly greater for A310 than for PW2. The instantaneous relative growth rate was similar for the accessions. The instantaneous net assimilation rate was slightly greater for A310 than for PW2; however, the instantaneous leaf area ratio was slightly greater for PW2 than for A310. At maturity, the seed yield was similar for the accessions. The inter-accession competitive ability of PW2 and A310 plants in the field was similar, based on shoot dry biomass or seed yield. In the greenhouse, interspecific competitive ability of the accessions with corn was similar, based on shoot dry biomass or seed yield. These results suggest that resistance to ACCase inhibitors is not associated with reduced fitness of the PW2 accession.
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Prasad, Archana, Sunita S. Dhawan, Ajay K. Mathur, Om Prakash, Madan M. Gupta, Ram K. Verma, Raj K. Lal, and Archana Mathur. "Morphological, Chemical and Molecular Characterization of Centella asiatica Germplasms for Commercial Cultivation in the Indo-Gangetic Plains." Natural Product Communications 9, no. 6 (June 2014): 1934578X1400900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1400900612.
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Centella asiatica germplasm collected from north, north-eastern and southern parts of India was compared for biomass and centellosides productivity under uniform agro-climatic conditions of the Indo-Gangetic plains at Lucknow. The highest biomass accumulation (411.9 g FW/m2 area) was recorded in accession A from north India, followed by 284.0, 135.7 and 29.2 g FW/m2 in accessions M, B and E from southern, eastern and north-eastern regions, respectively. Accession M possessed the highest asiaticoside content (52.1 mg/gDW) that was 1.58, 2.34 and 21.7 folds more than accessions A, B and E, respectively. The madecassoside level in leaves of accessions B and M was comparable (28.9 and 25.7 mg/gDW) and two folds more than accession A (13.9 mg/gDW). The madecassic and asiatic acid content in leaf tissue of all four accessions remained low in Lucknow. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis with 23 primers yielded 696 fragments, 563 of which were polymorphic. Accession M out-grouped with genetic dissimilarity indices of 83, 85 and 95% from accessions A, E and B, respectively. Commercial cultivation of accessions M and A through a four months growth cycle (June to September) in agro-climatic conditions of the Indo-Gangetic plains is suggested.
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Economou, Athanasios S., and Paul E. Read. "Microcutting Production from Sequential Reculturing of Hardy Deciduous Azalea Shoot Tips." HortScience 21, no. 1 (February 1986): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.21.1.137.
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Abstract Differences were observed in microcutting harvests from 5 shoot tip explant sequential recultures of the hardy deciduous azalea (Rhododendron spp.) accessions 800374, 620014, and 800057. In general microcutting production increased and then declined over reculture times in a nearly bell-shaped curve for all 3 clones tested. Maximum numbers of usable microcuttings were harvested in the 3rd and 4th recultures. Productivity varied among the 3 clones, with accession 800374 the most prolific and accession 800057 the least. The microcutting height was the same for all 5 recultures of accessions 800374 and 620014, whereas, in accession 800057 the height declined from the 1st through the 5th reculture. The microcutting quality rating was similar throughout all recultures of accessions 800374 and 620014, but accession 800057 produced higher quality microcuttings in the 3rd reculture than in the 5th reculture. Rooting of microcuttings in soilless medium increased from the 1st to the 5th reculture for all 3 clones, reaching more than 97% for the last 2 harvests.
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Gray, Cody J., David R. Shaw, Jason A. Bond, Daniel O. Stephenson, and Lawrence R. Oliver. "Assessing the Reflective Characteristics of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and Pitted Morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa) Accessions." Weed Science 55, no. 4 (August 2007): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-06-041.
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A hand-held hyperspectral radiometer was used to measure differences in reflectance characteristics of 24 Palmer amaranth and 15 pitted morningglory accessions collected from the central and southern United States. A hyperspectral reflectance reading was collected from two mature leaves at 24 and 27 d after emergence (DAE) for each accession. Two analysis techniques, linear discriminant analysis and best spectral-band combination (BSBC) analysis, were performed using various vegetation indices, spectral bands, and individual wavelengths. Differentiation of individual accessions was difficult. Palmer amaranth accession classification accuracies were < 50% using both analysis techniques, except one accession collected in South Carolina (63%), when pooled over data acquisition dates. Pitted morningglory accession classification accuracies were also generally < 50%. Classification accuracies were higher using BSBC analysis at 24 DAE; however, at 27 DAE only one accession resulted in classification accuracy > 30%. These results suggest there are only slight reflectance differences within Palmer amaranth and pitted morningglory accessions. These differences may not be predictable based upon accession origin because of the genetic diversity of Palmer amaranth and pitted morningglory. However, differentiation between Palmer amaranth and pitted morningglory was 100%. Thus, spectral sensors used to differentiate between Palmer amaranth and pitted morningglory do not need to be calibrated for a particular region of the United States, and differentiation between these two species can be made using reflectance characteristics.
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McCreight, James D. "Potential Sources of Genetic Resistance in Lactuca spp. to the Lettuce Aphid, Nasanovia ribisnigri (Mosely) (Homoptera: Aphididae)." HortScience 43, no. 5 (August 2008): 1355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.5.1355.
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Lettuce aphid, Nasanovia ribisnigri (Mosely) (Homoptera: Aphididae), is an economically important pest of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). High-level resistance found in a wild relative, Lactuca virosa L. accession PIVT 280, is conditioned by the Nr gene, which has been transferred to European cultivars and is being commercially transferred to U.S.-adapted cultivars. New sources of resistance to guard against possible resistance-breaking strains of lettuce aphid were sought in a greenhouse screening of 1203 accessions of lettuce, which included 1047 accessions of L. sativa L., seven accessions of Lactuca perennis L., 18 accessions of Lactuca saligna L., 125 accessions of L. serriola L., and six accessions of L. virosa L. Two new and potentially unique sources of resistance to lettuce aphid were found in L. serriola accession PI 491093 and L. virosa accession PI 274378. The genetic relationship of resistance in PI 491093 and PI 274378 with that in PIVT 280 remains to be determined.
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Kumar, Vipan, Prashant Jha, and Nicholas Reichard. "Occurrence and Characterization of Kochia (Kochia scoparia) Accessions with Resistance to Glyphosate in Montana." Weed Technology 28, no. 1 (March 2014): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-13-00115.1.
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Herbicide-resistant kochia is an increasing concern for growers in the northwestern United States. Four suspected glyphosate-resistant (Gly-R) kochia accessions (referred to as GIL01, JOP01, CHES01, and CHES02) collected in fall 2012 from four different chemical-fallow fields in northern Montana were evaluated. The objectives were to confirm and characterize the level of glyphosate resistance in kochia accessions relative to a glyphosate-susceptible (Gly-S) accession and evaluate the effectiveness of various POST herbicides for Gly-R kochia control. Whole-plant dose–response experiments indicated that the four Gly-R kochia accessions had 7.1- to 11-fold levels of resistance relative to the Gly-S accession on the basis of percent control ratings (I50values). On the basis of shoot dry weight response (GR50values), the four Gly-R kochia accessions exhibited resistance index (R/S) ratios ranging from 4.6 to 8.1. In a separate study, the two tested Gly-R accessions (GIL01 and JOP01) showed differential response (control and shoot dry weight reduction) to various POST herbicides 21 d after application (DAA). Paraquat, paraquat + linuron, carfentrazone + 2,4-D, saflufenacil alone or with 2,4-D, and bromoxynil + fluroxypyr effectively controlled (99 to 100%) and reduced shoot dry weight (88 to 92%) of the GIL01 accession, consistent with the Gly-S kochia accession; however, bromoxynil + MCPA and bromoxynil + pyrasulfotole provided 76% control and 83% shoot dry weight reduction of the GIL01 accession and were lower compared with the Gly-S accession. The JOP01 accession exhibited lower control or shoot dry weight reduction to all herbicides tested, except dicamba, diflufenzopyr + dicamba + 2,4-D, paraquat + linuron, and bromoxynil + pyrasulfotole, compared with the Gly-S or GIL01 population. Furthermore, paraquat + linuron was the only treatment with ≥ 90% control and shoot dry weight reduction of the JOP01 kochia plants. Among all POST herbicides tested, glufosinate was the least effective on kochia. This research confirms the first evolution of Gly-R kochia in Montana. Future research will investigate the mechanism of glyphosate resistance, inheritance, ecological fitness, and alternative strategies for management of Gly-R kochia.
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Malini, M. K., Sourabh Karwa, Payal Priyadarsini, Pramod Kumar, Shivani Nagar, Mahesh Kumar, Sudhir Kumar, Viswanathan Chinnusamy, Renu Pandey, and Madan Pal. "Abscisic-Acid-Modulated Stomatal Conductance Governs High-Temperature Stress Tolerance in Rice Accessions." Agriculture 13, no. 3 (February 23, 2023): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030545.
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Rising air temperature is a major constraint for crop productivity under the current climate change scenario. Rice crops are known to be sensitive to high-temperature (HT) stress at anthesis and post-anthesis stages. Photosynthesis is an important metabolic process and is affected by HT stress. A pot study was planned to screen a set of seventy-three Indian rice accessions based upon changes in the rate of photosynthesis (Pn) and related gas exchange traits under HT, and to characterize the contrasting rice accessions for component traits of HT stress tolerance. All accessions were raised under ambient temperature (AT) until the booting stage and exposed to HT using controlled chambers at anthesis and post-anthesis. HT exposure led to a large reduction (up to 50%) in Pn, but stomatal conductance (gs) and the rate of transpiration (E) increased significantly across the rice accessions. Based on the photosynthetic response under HT, two contrasting rice accessions (IRGC 135883, tolerant, and IRGC 127222, sensitive) were selected and characterized for HT tolerance, along with an NL-44 check. Among them, Pn decreased marginally but gs and E showed significant increases under HT in the tolerant accession, while sensitive accession showed an up to 50% reduction in Pn and marginal increase in gs and E. No significant changes were recorded for chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) in both the genotypes, but tissue temperature depression (TTD) was higher in IRGC 135883 accession under HT. Endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) content increased under HT in the flag leaf of both the accessions, and the highest increase was observed in the sensitive accession. Similarly, spikelet fertility and grain yield showed large reductions in sensitive rice accession under HT. A large increase in ABA concentration in the leaves of the sensitive rice accession might be affecting its gs and cooling capacity under an HT environment. Finally, the study concludes that tolerant rice accessions can be recommended as donors and exploited in future rice breeding programs for developing climate-resilient rice genotypes.
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Świrgoń-Skok, Renata. "ACCESSIO (AKCESJA) W TERMINOLOGII RZYMSKIEGO PRAWA PRYWATNEGO." Zeszyty Prawnicze 8, no. 2 (June 25, 2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2008.8.2.02.
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The ‘accessio’ (accession) in the Terminology of Roman Private LawSummaryThe term accessio (accession) in the terminology of Roman private law did not only denote union and confusion of things. It was a very general term used for defining various cases of property acquisition through union, growth of property, and it determined addition of a new obligation to an old one or addition of a supplementary contract, person or object to the obligation.In the Roman Law literature the term accessio is predominantly used for union of two things in accordance with the principle accessio cedit principali, i.e. the increase falls to the share of the principal.Moreover, the term accessio also denoted adding the duration of ownership of an object by the predecessor (accessio possessionis) or simply adding the duration (accessio temporis). In the sources for the Roman Law accessio temporis and possessionis are used interchangeably for determining specific actual states, which resolve issues connected with accession of ownership duration of the predecessor to the ownership duration of the last owner. Similarly in lexicons, accessio temporis is presented as a synonym of accessio possessionis. The aforementioned accession of ownership duration [of the predecessor by his successor under specific title was permissible with interdict aimed at protection against infringement of ownership of movable objects (interdictum utrubi), with prescription (usucapio) and charge of long time ownership (longi temporis praescriptio).Furthermore, accession also meant accessio personae that is addition of a person, i.e. additional creditor who, beside the principal creditor, could collect repayment of debt from debtor (adstipulator), or a person who additionally, beside the principal debtor, pledged to the creditor to repay the debt (adpromissor), or it is addition of a new obligation to an old one by means of contract of guaranty (fideiussio). With accessio personae, similarly to union of things in accordance with the principle of accessio cedit principali, there had to be two things, one of them determined as principal and the other - additional. Obviously, here occur two obligations, one treated as principal, and the other as additional or accessory.Moreover, accession also means accessio rei, that is addition of new article of service to obligation, that the debtor could render alternatively with the previous, which was possible with alternative obligation (obligatio alternativa) and alternative authorization (facultas alternativa).
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Alam, Md Shamsul, Md Rafiqul Islam, and Sadia Afrin. "Effect of different accessions on yield contributing characters and yield of strawberry under different growing condition." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 6, no. 2 (September 3, 2019): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v6i2.42963.
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An experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Horticulture Division farm, BINA, Mymensingh on effect of different accessions on yield contributing characters and yield of strawberry under different growing conditions during October, 2016 to April, 2017. The twofactor experiment had two levels of planting conditions (Factor A) and three strawberry accessions (Factor B) as follows –Factor A- Planting conditions: a) pot condition and b) field condition and Factor B – strawberry accessions: accession-1( RABI strawberry-1), accession-2 (New York, USA) and accession-3(Kagawa, Japan). The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Results showed that accession-2 revealed the highest results almost all yield contribution characters and yield parameters. The tallest plant (29.78 cm), the highest number of leaves (46.35), longest leaf (26.58 cm), no. of inflorescences (15.95), number of flowers per inflorescence (8.21), number of fruit per inflorescences (7.45), diameter of fruit (4.25 cm), fresh weight of fruit (22.17 g), total soluble solids (18.54 %), yield (g/plot) (400.3 g) and yield per hectare (21.72 t/ha) were recorded from accession-2. But number of seeds per fruit (217.0) was observed from accession -1. The lowest values were found on all the mentioned parameters in accession-3.The significant difference between the growing conditions was observed on all the mentioned parameters. The highest yield (20.12 t/ha) per hectare and yield contributing characters were noted in field condition and the lowest values on all the mentioned parameters were obtained in pot condition. Statistically significant variations were found on all the mentioned parameters due to combined effect. The tallest plant (30.33 cm), highest number of leaves per plant (47.36), longest leaf (27.64 cm), number of inflorescences (16.66), number of flowers per inflorescences (8.99), number of fruit per inflorescences (7.68), individual weight of fruit (25.19 g), total soluble solids (18.98), yield per plot (482.6 g), yield per hectare (24.37t/ha) were found in accession-2 under field condition. The highest diameter of fruit (4.50 cm) was found in accession-3 in field condition which was statistically similar with accession-2 both in field condition and pot condition. The maximum number of seeds per fruit (217.0) was recorded from accession-3 both in pot and field condition. But accession-2 gave the minimum number of seeds per fruit (118.0) under field condition.
Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(2): 171-179, August 2019
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Amodu, J. T., T. T. Akpensuen, D. D. Dung, R. J. Tanko, A. Musa, S. A. Abubakar, M. R. Hassan, J. O. Jegede, and I. Sani. "Evaluation of Maize Accessions for Nutrients Composition, Forage and Silage Yields." Journal of Agricultural Science 6, no. 4 (March 15, 2014): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v6n4p178.
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the yield of forage, silage and nutrients composition of two maize accessions: West Atlantic Seed Alliance 1 (WASA1) and an accession from Shika tagged (SHIMAZ). The maize seeds were planted in plots of 5 m x 5 m (25 m2) size with four replicates for each accession. The results showed that, there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference between the accessions for plant height and number of leaves at 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after sowing (WAS), but leaf area index (LAI) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in SHIMAZ accession at 6 and 10 WAS. The number of leaves per plant, green leaves, leaf area and forage yield at 91, 105 and 119 days after sowing (DAS) were not significant (P > 0.05) in the two accessions of maize, but leaf area and LAI were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in WASA1 accession.. The percentage dry-matter (DM) content was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in WASA1, although leaf, and stem ratios were significantly (P < 0.01) higher at various stages of harvest. The crude protein (CP) and nitrogen free-extract (NFE) were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in WASA1 accession while crude fibre (CF) was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in SHIMAZ. The proximate components (ash, EE and CP) and NDF were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in WASA1 silage, but NFE and ADF were higher (P < 0.05) in SHIMAZ accession.
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Mahamud, MA, MAH Chowdhury, MA Rahim, and KM Mohiuddin. "Mineral nutrient contents of some potato accessions of USA and Bangladesh." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 13, no. 2 (July 20, 2016): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v13i2.28781.
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Twenty two potato accessions from USA were evaluated for nutrient contents. Two Bangladeshi varieties were also included for comparison. Nutritional analyses were performed in the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, BAU during November, 2014 to April, 2015. Considering macro nutrient content, the highest values of N, P, K and S were found in the accession AC 10062 whereas Ca and Mg contents were found highest in Bangladeshi variety Cardinal and USA accessions AC 10073, respectively. In case of micro nutrient, the maximum amounts of Cu, Mn, B and Zn were observed in accession AC 10110, AC 10069, AC 10073 and AC 10109, respectively. Significant positive correlations were observed between N-P, N-K and K-Mn contents while K-Mg, Mn-B and Cu-B contents were negatively correlated. Considering all the parameters studied, the USA accession AC 10062, AC 10069 and AC 10110 were nutritionally superior to Bangladeshi variety Diamant and Cardinal. The accession AC 10062 was found as the best USA accession to produce nutrient rich potato in Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(2): 207-214, December 2015
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Oyetunde, Oyeboade Adebiyi, Muyideen Oluseyi Olayiwola, and Beatrice Toyin Osho. "Genetic diversity and trait profiles of some Amaranthus genotypes." Advances in Horticultural Science 35, no. 3 (August 2, 2021): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-10523.
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Knowledge of the pattern of trait variation among accessions, and the trait profiles of the accessions is crucial for improvement of a crop. Twenty-one Amaranthus accessions were evaluated in 2018 and 2019 to investigate the extent of genotypic diversity among the amaranth accessions and their trait profiles. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and correlation and principal component analyses. Taking stem weight (SWT) as the yield, the accession × yield-trait combination (GYT) biplot was employed to investigate the trait profiles of the accessions. Accession, year, and accession × year mean squares were significant (P≤0.05/0.01) for most of the measured traits. The first three principal components explained 88.18% of observable variation among the accessions and identified plant height (PHT), number of leaves per plant (NOL), and root weight (RWT) as the major contributors. Significant (P≤0.01) correlation was observed in the association of SWT with NOL, TBM, and RWT. Accessions NGB00019 and NGB00061 were associated with the sector containing all the YT combinations considered. However, NGB00019 was identified as the best combiner of yield with other traits. Further studies involving more traits should determine the trait profiles of the remaining accessions.
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Pande, S., and J. Narayana Rao. "Resistance of Wild Arachis Species to Late Leaf Spot and Rust in Greenhouse Trials." Plant Disease 85, no. 8 (August 2001): 851–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.8.851.
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Seventy-four accessions of wild Arachis species along with a susceptible line TMV 2 belonging to A. hypogaea were evaluated for resistance to late leaf spot and rust under greenhouse environment. The experiment was conducted twice to confirm the resistance of the accessions. Percentage of leaf area damaged and disease score on a 1 to 9 scale for late leaf spot and rust were recorded for all accessions in both experiments. Additionally, percentage of defoliation was recorded for late leaf spot. One accession, ICG 8190, of A. hoehnei and one accession, ICG 13199, of A. duranensis were asymptomatic to late leaf spot in both experiments. In addition, 26 accessions were classified as resistant, 10 accessions were moderately resistant, and the remaining 36 accessions exhibited a susceptible reaction to late leaf spot. Only one accession, ICG 8954 of A. kuhlmannii, remained asymptomatic to rust in both experiments. All other accessions, except ICG 8206 of A. ipaensis, ICG 8197, ICG 8198, ICG 11549, and ICG 13178 of A. monticola, and ICG 13171 of A. stenosperma were classified as highly resistant to rust. Four accessions of A. monticola were susceptible to late leaf spot and rust.
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Bearman, David. "Accession." Archives and Museum Informatics 4, no. 1 (March 1990): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02770072.
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Loureiro, M. Dolores, M. Carmen Martínez, Jean-Michel Boursiquot, and Patrice This. "Molecular Marker Analysis of Vitis vinifera `Albariño' and some Similar Grapevine Cultivars." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 123, no. 5 (September 1998): 842–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.123.5.842.
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`Albariño' (Vitis vinifera L.) is an important grape cultivar in Spain, morphologically diverse but subject to much misnaming. The objectives of the present work were to correct some of the more common misnamings concerning `Albariño' and to evaluate the genetic variability within this cultivar by analyzing DNA polymorphisms using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and microsatellite techniques. Several accessions of `Albariño' (16 accessions from Misión Biológica de Galicia, one accession from El Encin, one accession from Rancho de la Merced), related cultivars (`Alvarinho', `Caíño blanco', `Cainho branco', `Loureiro'), and cultivars presumably identical to misnomers (`Savagnin blanc' and `Gewürztraminer') were analyzed using 20 RAPD markers and six microsatellite loci. Both techniques revealed polymorphism among `Albariño', `Caíño blanco', `Albariño' from Rancho de la Merced and `Loureiro'. No polymorphism was detected among the 16 `Albariño' accessions from Galicia, the `Albariño' accession from El Encin and `Alvarinho', nor among the `Albariño' accession from Rancho de la Merced, `Savagnin blanc' and `Gewürztraminer', nor between `Caíño blanco' and `Cainho branco'. These results enabled us to clarify the main misnomers concerning these cultivars. The absence of polymorphism among the true `Albariño' accessions did not allow the detection of any clonal variation. The suitability of both techniques for defining the cultivar level for grapevine is discussed.
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ABOLGHASEMI, Reza, Maryam HAGHIGHI, and Nematollah ETEMADI. "Morphological, biochemical, and nutritional value of prickly and smooth fruit spinach." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 118, no. 2 (July 8, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2022.118.2.1557.
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<p class="042abstractstekst">This study aimed to investigate the morphological (qualitative and quantitative traits) and biochemical characteristics (such as leaf pigments and total antioxidant capacity, vitamin E and C content, total soluble carbohydrate, total amino acid content, nitrate concentration, nitrate reductase assay, oxalic acid content, Ca and Fe content) in spinach. The selected accessions in this study were prickly (’Varamin Prickly’) and smooth (’Monatol’) fruits of spinach selected among 44 accessions. This experiment was carried out in spring, arranged as a complete randomized block with three replicates and 18 observations. Results showed no significant differences between the two accessions for most qualitative and quantitative morphological traits. In contrast, biochemical characteristics showed significant differences between the two accessions. Both accessions had high yields, but the dry biomass of ’Varamin Prickly’ accession was more than ’Monatol’ (smooth fruit). The results indicated that the fruit type does not appear to cause variations in morphological traits, and differences in accessions could be due to genetic sources and environmental distribution. The prickly fruit accession showed a significant superiority for most qualitative nutraceutical traits, including DPPH, flavonoid, phenol, carbohydrate, amino acid, fiber, and Fe content compared to smooth fruit accession. Finally, it was found that prickly fruit accession is very suitable for mechanized harvesting and human diet due to its appropriate plant, leaf, petiole, and qualitative nutraceutical traits and can be used for breeding purposes and cultivation fields.</p>
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Hughes, T. J., N. C. Koval, P. D. Esker, and C. R. Grau. "Influence of Monocropping Brown Stem Rot–Resistant and –Susceptible Soybean Accessions on Soil and Stem Populations of Phialophora gregata f. sp. sojae." Plant Disease 93, no. 10 (October 2009): 1050–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-10-1050.
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Brown stem rot (BSR)-resistant and -susceptible soybean accessions were continuously cropped in an area never previously seeded to soybean to study the influence of monocultures on soil and stem populations of Phialophora gregata f. sp. sojae. P. gregata f. sp. sojae population size and genotype composition were determined by dilution plating, isolation of P. gregata f. sp. sojae and standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and by quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR. In general, the sizes of P. gregata f. sp. sojae populations in soil were similar regardless of monoculture. The percentage of P. gregata f. sp. sojae genotype B was greater than A in soil following the monoculture of both BSR-susceptible and -resistant soybean accessions. Following the monoculture of a BSR-resistant accession, the percentage of P. gregata f. sp. sojae genotype B was greater than A. Overall, P. gregata f. sp. sojae populations in stems of a BSR-susceptible accession were greater than those in stems of a BSR-resistant accession. P. gregata f. sp. sojae genotype B was detected more often than A in stems of both resistant and susceptible accessions planted following a BSR-resistant monoculture. P. gregata f. sp. sojae genotype B was also detected more often than A in stems of a BSR-resistant accession planted following a BSR-susceptible monoculture. P. gregata f. sp. sojae genotypes A and B were isolated at similar frequencies from stems of a BSR-susceptible accession planted following a BSR-susceptible monoculture. However, q-PCR results indicate that the percentage of P. gregata f. sp. sojae genotype A was greater than B in stems of a BSR-susceptible accession planted following a BSR-susceptible monoculture. Among BSR-susceptible accessions, those with the soybean cyst nematode (SCN)-resistant cv. Peking in their parentage had the largest populations of P. gregata f. sp. sojae and a greater percentage of P. gregata f. sp. sojae genotype B. Similar results were observed for BSR-resistant accessions derived from SCN-resistant PI 88788.
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Garvey, T. Casey, and John D. Hewitt. "Starch and Sugar Accumulation in Two Accessions of Lycopersicon cheesmanii." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, no. 1 (January 1991): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.116.1.77.
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A study using Lycopersicon cheesmanii Riley LA 1449 (typicum), a low soluble solids content (SSC) accession, and L. cheesmanii f. minor LA 528 (minor), a high SSC accession, was undertaken to characterize the accumulation of starch, sugar, and total SSC. Fruit of each accession was sampled throughout development to identify differences in SSC, starch accumulation, and sugar distribution. Osmetric analysis indicated that the minor race had higher SSC content throughout the ontogeny of fruit development than the typicum. Typicum contained more starch than minor, and both accessions showed a rapid decline in percent starch as the fruit ripened. Sucrose remained low throughout all stages of fruit development for both accessions. Glucose increased in the minor and declined in the typicum. Fructose increased in both accessions. Total reducing sugar content at the full ripe stage was higher in minor than the typicum.
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Alwi, Yun, Ahmad Yani, and Ubaidillah Ubaidillah. "Studi Karakteristik Morfologis Aksesi Rumput Benggala (Panicum Maximum) yang Tumbuh di Wilayah Kota Jambi." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 22, no. 3 (October 31, 2022): 2122. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v22i3.3028.
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This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of accession of Bengal grass that grows in the city of Jambi. The research was conducted in two stages, namely the field observation stage to obtain qualitative data and quantitative data related to the characteristics of Bengal grass. The results of the observation phase were validated to obtain four accessions that had the same morphological characteristics. There were four accessions which were then planted in polybags in a greenhouse, namely Tlp1, Dns2, Jlt1 and Ktb2 as treatments with repeated 10 times. The design used was a completely randomized design. The parameters observed were plant height, leaf length, leaf width, internode length, number of internodes, stem circumference and leaf color. The results showed that the Jlt1 accession was an accession that had different characteristics (P <0.05) compared to other accessions.
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Crespo, Roberto J., Mark L. Bernards, Gustavo M. Sbatella, Greg R. Kruger, Don J. Lee, and Robert G. Wilson. "Response of Nebraska Kochia (Kochia scoparia) Accessions to Dicamba." Weed Technology 28, no. 1 (March 2014): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-13-00109.1.
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Kochia is a troublesome weed in the western Great Plains and many accessions have evolved resistance to one or more herbicides. Dicamba-resistant soybean is being developed to provide an additional herbicide mechanism of action for POST weed control in soybean. The objective of this study was to evaluate variation in response to dicamba among kochia accessions collected from across Nebraska. Kochia plants were grown in a greenhouse and treated when they were 8 to 12 cm tall. A discriminating experiment with a single dose of 420 g ae ha−1of dicamba was conducted on 67 accessions collected in Nebraska in 2010. Visual injury estimates were recorded at 21 d after treatment (DAT) and accessions were ranked from least to most susceptible. Four accessions representing two of the most and least susceptible accessions from this screening were subjected to dose-response experiments using dicamba. At 28 DAT, visible injury estimates were made and plants were harvested to determine dry weight. An 18-fold difference in dicamba dose was necessary to achieve 90% injury (I90) between the least (accession 11) and most susceptible accessions. Approximately 3,500 g ha−1of dicamba was required in accession 11 to reach a 50% dry weight reduction (GR50). There was less than twofold variation among the three more susceptible accessions for both the I90and GR90parameters, suggesting that most kochia accessions will be similarly susceptible to dicamba. At 110 DAT, accession 11 had plants that survived doses of 35,840 g ha−1, and produced seed at doses of 17,420 g ha−1. The identification of one resistant accession among the 67 accessions screened, and the fact that dicamba doses greater than 560 g ha−1were required to achieve GR80for all accessions suggest that repeated use of dicamba for weed control in fields where kochia is present may quickly result in the evolution of dicamba-resistant kochia populations.
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Wierholt, Ronald J., and David E. Stoltenberg. "Cross-Resistance of a Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) Accession to Aryloxyphenoxypropionate and Cyclohexanedione Herbicides." Weed Technology 9, no. 3 (September 1995): 518–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00023782.
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A large crabgrass population (PW2) that demonstrated resistance to fluazifop-P and sethoxydim was identified in Wisconsin during 1992. Dose-response experiments were conducted in the greenhouse to determine the level of resistance of a PW2 large crabgrass accession to aryloxyphenoxypropionate (APP), cyclohexanedione (CHD), and other herbicide chemistries relative to a large crabgrass accession (A310) which was susceptible to APP and CHD herbicides. Based on shoot dry biomass reduction, the PW2 accession was 337- and 59-fold resistant to sethoxydim and fluazifop-P, respectively, relative to the A310 accession. Resistance of the PW2 accession to fenoxaprop, haloxyfop, quizalofop, and diclofop ranged from 18- to 29-fold. The PW2 accession was only 7-fold resistant to clethodim. Both large crabgrass accessions were susceptible to imazethapyr and linuron. These results suggest that APP and CHD herbicides will be ineffective for the management of the PW2 accession. An integrated approach including cultural, mechanical, and alternative chemical methods, should be implemented for the management of the PW2 accession and to prevent additional resistance problems.
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Choirunnisa, J. P., Y. Widiyastuti, B. Pujiasmanto, A. T. Sakya, and A. Yunus. "Growth variation and proline accumulation of Echinacea purpurea cultivated to CaCl2 salinity." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 905, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/905/1/012017.
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Abstract Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) is classified as medicinal plant comes from North America and not much developed in Indonesia. E. purpurea can be developed by utilizing suboptimal land such as saline land. This study aims to determine the effect of CaCl2 concentration on growth and proline accumulation of three accessions E. purpurea. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors and five replications. The first factor is three accessions E. purpurea (accession 1; 2; and 3). The two factor is four concentrations CaCl2 (0; 2500; 5000; and 10000 ppm). The observations are plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and proline accumulation. Data were analyzed using SPSS to test difference. The results showed that highest concentration of CaCl2 can inhibit growth and increase proline accumulation. The highest proline accumulation in accession 2 was 22.8002 µmol g−1, accession 2 as an indicator of accession tolerant to salinity.
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Kuswandi, NFn, NFn Nofiarli, Andre Sparta, Mega Andini, Sri Hadiati, Nini Marta, and Resta Patma Yanda. "PENGELOMPOKAN PLASMA NUTFAH RAMBUTAN BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI." Informatika Pertanian 25, no. 1 (June 3, 2016): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ip.v25n1.2016.p81-88.
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Rambutan is a fruit native to Indonesia, which has a high diversity. Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute has a rambutan germplasm collection. The objectives of the research were to identify and classify rambutan germplasm accessions based on morphological characteristics, in order to identify the specific characteristics important for the development of future varieties of rambutan. Collecting data on the 32 accession was conducted in Aripan Experimental Field, Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute from September 2014 to February 2015. Characterization of morphology characters referred to as the Descriptor for Rambutan was published by IPGRI. Cluster analysis based on morphological characteristics successfully separated the accession of rambutan R7 and R11 with 30 other rambutan accessions with the dissimilarity coefficient of 45%. Accession R4 was similar to Sitangkue, R14 was similar to Korong Gadang, and R15 was similar to Sinyonya. Characteristics that can be used to distinguish each of the accession of rambutan were the width of seed, seed thickness, total soluble solids (TSS), fruit diameter, spintern texture and the spintern color. Accession R15 can be developed as a commercial variety, because it has a high yield, and shelf life associated with high fruit weight characteristics and thick rind.
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Bhattarai, Surendra, Bruce Coulman, Yong-Bi Fu, Aaron D. Beattie, and Bill Biligetu. "Genetic diversity and relationship of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) germplasm as revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphism markers." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 98, no. 3 (June 1, 2018): 543–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2017-0094.
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Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) is a perennial forage legume widely distributed in the northern temperate regions of the world. Its genetic improvement has been relatively slow due, in part, to the lack of genetic information including molecular characterization of sainfoin germplasm. An attempt was made to evaluate genetic diversity and relationships among 38 sainfoin accessions collected from different regions of the world using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Five AFLP primer pairs were used to assess 367 individual plants, which produced 1042 polymorphic AFLP bands. The frequencies of the scored bands in all assayed individuals ranged from 0.003 to 0.973, with a mean value of 0.165. The analysis of molecular variance revealed higher within-accession (84.3%) genetic variation than among accessions (15.7%). The genetic distance based on inter-accession distance matrices was significant for most accessions but was not significant for accessions sharing similar parents. A dendrogram of the collected accessions showed two clusters at an inter-accession genetic distance coefficient of 0.36. The revealed information on genetic distance and genetic diversity of the sainfoin accessions is useful for selecting genetically diverse germplasms for sainfoin genetic improvement efforts.
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Alsiddig Ahmed, Asaad. "Molecular Genetic Identification of Some Sweet Sorghum - Sorghum bicolor L. (Ankolib) Accessions - Sudan." International Journal of Stem Cells and Medicine 2, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.58489/2836-5038/007.
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This study is an attempt to identify some Sudanese Sweet Sorghum (Ankolib) [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] accessions using two types of DNA-based markers: RAPD and SSR. Seven (Ankolib) accessions were assayed, namely: Black Ankolib, Black White Ankolib, Dark Red Ankolib, Red Yellow Ankolib, White Ankolib, White Black Ankolib and Bengaga. All of the accessions were uniquely identified and fingerprinted. The levels of polymorphism among the accessions as revealed by (22) RAPD primers and (16) SSR primer pairs were (58%) and (76%) respectively, indicating that SSRs markers were highly polymorphic. The scored data of the two markers were analyzed using the Dice Coefficient to assess genetic relationships among the (7) (Ankolib) accessions. The results of the statistical analysis revealed that the accession Bengaga was distantly related to the other (6) accessions which all showed a close genetic similarity among them. UPGMA cluster analysis generated a dendrogram for each marker alone and for the combined data of the two markers. It was observed that in all of the dendrogram the accession Bengaga was found in a unique cluster thus indicating its uniqueness, since it is the only accession that has seeds that produce flour besides its juicy sweet stem.
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Mrosso, Secilia E., Patrick A. Ndakidemi, and Ernest R. Mbega. "Characterization of Secondary Metabolites Responsible for the Resistance of Local Tomato Accessions to Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci, Gennadius 1889) Hemiptera in Tanzania." Crops 2, no. 4 (November 15, 2022): 445–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/crops2040032.
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Plants have developed mechanisms to cope with stresses in their environments as they grow in diverse settings. Such means include releasing plant defense compounds upon attacks by pests or other stressors. Plants with these characteristics are essential as a plant germplasm source for breeding resistance against herbivores and insect pests. Therefore, this study aimed to screen germplasms for whitefly resistance and characterize the secondary metabolites responsible for this. Thirty local tomato accessions were screened for resistance against whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) in the screen house located at Tanzania Plant Health and Pesticides Authority (PTHPA) between January and April 2021. From this screening, seven local tomato cultivars: TZA3729, TZA5554, TZA5545, TZA5562, TZA5552, TZA3177 and TZA5157, showed resistance, and one accession (TZA5496) that showed susceptibility to whiteflies (negative control) and accession V1030462 that was a standard (positive control) were selected for the subsequent experiments. The experiment was conducted in July–October 2021 in the screen house at TPHPA and repeated in January–April 2022 using a completely randomized block design with three replications. From this experiment, three accessions: TZA3729, TZA5562 and TZA5157, showed resistance against whiteflies. However, accession TZA3729 was more resistant than TZA5562 and TZA5157 when compared to the resistant accession V1030462. Therefore, these accessions were further screened for secondary metabolites responsible for resistance against herbivores and insect pests—in this case, whiteflies. The GS-MS methanol extract results showed accession TZA3729 to possess a wide array of secondary plant metabolites responsible for plant self-defenses, such as diterpenes, Tetraterpenes, alkaloids, carotenoids and fatty acid esters. Therefore, the study recommends accession TZA3729 as a source of tomato plant germplasm for breeding tomatoes resistant to whiteflies.
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Addai, I. K., B. K. Bisuki, and A. Bawa. "Evaluation of Fonio (Digitaria exilis) Varieties for Improved Agronomic Traits in the Guinea and Sudan Savannah Agroecological Zones of Ghana." Advances in Agriculture 2022 (June 22, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4194746.
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Background and Objective. Fonio is categorized as one of the neglected, under-utilized, or orphan crops of West Africa due to its poor yields and inadequate research information for its improvement and use. The need to improve the agronomic traits of this crop and also explore the possibility of growing it in different agroecologies has been felt over the years. A study was therefore conducted during the 2019 cropping season to determine variations among Fonio accessions and also assess the influence of genotype/accession, location, and genotype x location on growth and total grain yield of Fonio. Materials and Methods. Five accessions of the crop were planted in two locations in northern Ghana (Guinea and Sudan savannah) and replicated three times using factorial experiment in randomized complete block design. Results. The study indicated significant ( P < 0.05 ) variations among accessions for most of the attributes measured. Accession OUSAI with 75 days to physiological maturity (DPHM) recorded highest grain yield of 1015.10 kg/ha, and NFAS4 with 98 DPHM recorded the least grain yield of 713.23 kg/ha. The most lodged accession was OUAS1 which recorded 65% lodging of its total plant population, and the least lodged accessions (NFAS4 and EYAS5) recorded about 10% lodging each. Conclusion. The results demonstrated a significant ( P < 0.05 ) diversity among the accessions used in the study and influence of genotype/accession x location on growth and total grain yield of Fonio.
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Real, Daniel, Jonathan Warden, Graeme A. Sandral, and Timothy D. Colmer. "Waterlogging tolerance and recovery of 10 Lotus species." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 4 (2008): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07110.
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Medicago sativa L. is the most widely sown perennial forage legume in farming systems of southern Australia. However, M. sativa lacks adaptation to winter waterlogged conditions. This constraint has highlighted the need for new perennial forage legumes adapted to winter waterlogged conditions and to locations where the summer is too dry for the survival of Trifolium repens L. and T. fragiferum L. To explore new perennial legume options suitable for these circumstances, 10 species of Lotus were evaluated for waterlogging tolerance including: two accessions of L. corniculatus L., four accessions of L. tenuis Waldst. & Kit., two accessions of L. pedunculatus Cav., two accessions of L. australis Andrew, three accessions of L. creticus L., three accessions of L. glaucus Sol., one accession of L. cruentus Court., one accession of L. argyrodes R.P. Murray, one accession of L. campylocladus Webb & Berthel and one accession of L. latifolius Brand. These were compared with the M. sativa cultivar Sceptre. The ability to grow in waterlogged conditions, and to recover, was assessed in a pot experiment conducted over 19 weeks. The Lotus species most tolerant of waterlogging were L. corniculatus, L. tenuis and L. pedunculatus. Each of these species developed aerenchyma, adventitious roots, surface roots and split stems at the base to improve oxygen transport into the roots. Significant intra-species variation was also found within each of the three tolerant species, highlighting the opportunity for genetic improvement. By comparison, the remaining Lotus species were susceptible to waterlogging and showed poor recovery, whereas M. sativa Sceptre partially recovered after waterlogging.
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Clement, S. L., L. R. Elberson, and M. Kynaston. "High neotyphodium infection frequencies in tillers and seed of infected wild tall fescue plants." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 13 (January 1, 2007): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.13.2006.3084.
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This research quantified frequencies of Neotyphodium infected (E+) tillers and mature seed from field-grown E+ plants of two wild tall fescue accessions from Morocco and Sardinia, Italy. Tiller infection rates were 100% (n = 50 from 10 E+ plants/accession) for each accession and over 99% of the seed (n = 2394) from E+ plants of both accessions harboured viable Neotyphodium endophyte. Germination rates for E+ seed were 93.8% (Morocco accession) and 97.8% (Sardinia). These results indicate that E+ wild tall fescue plants are capable of near perfect vertical transmission of viable endophyte into seed. They also suggest that viable endophyte is retained with current seedregeneration protocols at the USDA-ARS Western Regional Plant Introduction Station, Pullman, Washington USA. Keywords: wild tall fescue, Neotyphodium infection frequencies, vertical transmission
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Palupi, Endah R., Ade S. Ahmad, Rofiq Affandi, Abdul Qadir, and Eni Randriani. "Reproductive success and compatibility among accessions of Jatropha curcas in Indonesia." Journal of Tropical Crop Science 1, no. 2 (December 16, 2014): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.1.2.11-17.
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Large scale exploitation of Jatropha curcas for biofuelproduction is restrained by low productivity henceeconomically not protable. One of the main constraintsis due to limited number of female owers in aninorescence which eventually develop into fruits thatbear seed. Investigation on oral biology andreproductive potential of the species had been carriedout, but seems to vary among sites. The research wasconducted to study reproductive success and thecompatibility among Indonesian Jatropha accessions.The research was set up in two experiments. The rstexperiment was conducted at the Jatropha seedorchard, Pakuwon, Sukabumi, West Java from April toJuly 2007 using four-year- old trees of accessions fromLampung, Banten, West Java, and Central Java. Thesecond experiment was conducted at LeuwikopoExperimental Station of Bogor Agricultural Universityfrom April to July 2008 using one-year-old trees ofaccessions from Lampung, Bengkulu, Palembang, andKediri. Flowers were obtained from controlled self andcross-pollinated as well as left for open-pollination. Theresult showed that reproductive success varied amongaccessions; the greatest success was 0.73 obtainedfrom aWest Java accession and the least was 0.53 fromBanten accession. The Jatropha accessions werecategorized as partially self-incompatible as indicatedby index of self-incompatibility (ISI) that ranged 0.93-0.99. Banten accession produced highly viable andvigorous seeds regardless of pollination methods;accessions of Central Java produced higher viabilityseeds when cross-pollinated within accession, whereasthose from West Java and Lampung produced higherviability seeds when self-pollinated.Keywords: accessions, Jatropha curcas, selfpollination,self-incompatibility, seedviability
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Bobkov, Sergey, and Ivan Bychkov. "CONTENT OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS IN ONTOGENESIS OF WILD AND CULTURAL PEA." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 16, no. 4 (February 15, 2021): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2021-10-14.
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The objective consisted in study of wild pea representatives on chlorophyll and carotenoid content for use in producing new varieties with high photosynthetic efficiency and optimal assimilate distribution. The research was conducted in 2016‑2017 in Federal Scientific Center of Legumes and Groat Crops (Orel). Plants were grown on experimental field with density 1.2 million plants/ha on triplicated plots 1 m2. Wild pea accessions k-5322 (asiaticum), k-3370 (elatius), k-4014 (elatius) from VIR collection and varieties Temp and Stabil were used. Wild accessions k-3370 and k-5322 had more chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids then leafy Temp variety on 24.5 %, 28.2 %, 41.5 % and 13.3 %, 2.7 %, 18.7 % respectively. Unlike the cultivated pea, accessions k-3370 and k-5322 retain high level of chlorophylls a and b in ontogenesis longer time. After transition from bud formation to the beginning of seed filling content of chlorophylls a and b in accession k-3370 was at the same level (11.71 mg/g и 11.1 mg/g respectively), in accession k-5322 it decreased insignificantly from 11.31 mg/g to 9.72 mg/g. Nevertheless, in variety Temp content of chlorophylls a and b significantly decreased on 34.1 % after transition from bud formation to the seed filling. Wild accession k-3370 like pea varieties had low chlorophyll a/b ratio (2.92), but accession k-5322 had the highest value (3.26) of the ratio. In wild accession k-3370 and k-5322 the chlorophyll a/b ratio was changed in ontogenesis that is no-typical for Temp variety. Pea wild accessions can be considered as sources of valuable alleles determining the high level of chlorophylls and carotenoids
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Simões, Welson L., Anderson R. de Oliveira, Jucicléia S. da Silva, Vinicius G. Torres Junior, Weslley O. da Silva, and Lizz K. de Morais. "Characterization and gas exchange in accessions of Saccharum complex under salinity in the Sub-middle São Francisco, Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 25, no. 3 (March 2021): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n3p163-167.
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ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the factors that most limit agricultural yield in the Brazilian semi-arid region. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the leaf gas exchange and biometric characteristics of accessions of the Saccharum complex subjected to salt stress. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, installed at Embrapa Semiárido, in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with the treatments represented by 19 accessions belonging to different genera/species, being 10 accessions of Saccharum officinarum (BGCN 6, BGCN 91, BGCN 104, BGCN 127, BCGN 90, BGCN 101, BGCN 102, BGCN 118, BGCN 125 and BGCN 122), two accessions of Saccharum spp. (BGCN 87 and BGCN 89), one accession of Saccharum hybridum (BGCN 88), one accession of Saccharum robustum (BGCN 94), four accessions of Erianthus arundinaceus (BGCN 117, BGCN 119, BGCN 120 and BGCN 123) and one accession of Miscanthus spp., with three repetitions. Biometric characteristics, chlorophyll index and leaf gas exchange of the accessions were evaluated when they were subjected to irrigation with salinized water (6.0 dS m-1). E. arundinaceus accessions (BGCN 120 and BGCN 123) showed the highest photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, plant height and leaf length, indicating greater adaptability to salt stress and could be promising in breeding programs.
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Ali, Ezzudin S., Hesaien M. Mustafa, and Khansa A. Omaar. "Phylogenetic Analysis of Libyan Thyme (Thymus Capitatus) Inferred from The Morphological Traits." Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences 37, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v37i4.978.
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The genetic diversity of wild thyme (Thymus capitatus) which growing in southern parts of Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar region, Libya was studied by using cluster analysis of morphological traits (flower measurements). This study was aimed to establish the phylogenetic relationships based on floral parameters among accessions of thyme (T.capitatus). The five populations (accessions) of Libyan thyme were assigned into two clusters (clades) at the critical distance value of 22%. The 1stcluster contained three populations that were included white-flowered, dotted white-flowered and violet-flowered accession, then the 1st cluster was divided into two sub-clusters by the critical distance value of 5%, the first sub-cluster contained two populations (white-flowered, dotted white-flowered accession). While, the second sub-cluster contained one population (violet-flowered accession). The 2nd cluster contained two populations which were purple-flowered and mosaic-flowered accessions. In conclusion, The flower measurements can be a preliminary tool to classify Libyan thyme (T.capitatus), and floral parameters can be used in the classification of Libyan thyme accessions (populations).
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McDonald, Suzanne S., and Douglas D. Archbold. "Membrane Competence among and within Fragaria Species Varies in Response to Dehydration Stress." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 123, no. 5 (September 1998): 808–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.123.5.808.
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The effect of dehydration stress on membrane competence among and within Fragaria species was evaluated using index of injury, Id, and tissue ionic conductance, gTi. Single accessions of F. chiloensis ssp. lucida Duch., F. virginiana ssp. glauca (S. Watson) Staudt, F. virginiana ssp. virginiana Duch., F. ×ananassa Duch., and F. vesca L. were used to study interspecific variation. Leaf thickness and total electrolyte content were greatest for the F. chiloensis ssp. lucida accession and least for the F. virginiana ssp. glauca accession, but foliar electrolyte concentration did not vary across accessions. The gTi values were >5-fold higher from 0 to 2 hours than for other intervals, declining over time. Significant differences in gTi and Id values were only evident at 2 and 4 hours within stress levels, and increased as stress level increased. While the F. chiloensis ssp. lucida accession exhibited low gTi values at 70% relative water content (RWC), it showed greater relative membrane injury than the other species expressed as gTi, Id, or the ratio of stress gTi to control gTi as dehydration level increased. Although the F. virginiana ssp. glauca accession had the highest gTi values, even at 100% RWC, its relative injury as stress level increased was not as great as that of the F. chiloensis accession. In a second experiment, intraspecific variation was examined using four accessions each of F. chiloensis and of F. virginiana which were dehydrated to 50% RWC. The species mean gTi, Id, and gTi ratio values at 2 and 4 hours for the F. chiloensis accessions were lower than those for the F. virginiana accessions, but significant intraspecific variation was also observed. In spite of the differences between species means, the evidence of intraspecific variation indicates that not all accessions of a species exhibit similar drought responses (i.e., membrane competence). Due to the consistent conclusions derived from using either gTi or Id after 2 or 4 hours of incubation for characterization of membrane competence, gTi and Id were comparable techniques for identification of potential drought tolerance in Fragaria.
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Pendinen, G. I., and V. E. Chernov. "Diversity of chromosomal composition in top onion (Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. ex Willd.) accessions from the VIR in vitro collection." Plant Biotechnology and Breeding 2, no. 3 (March 17, 2020): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2658-6266-2019-3-o2.
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Background. Top onion, Allium × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. ex Willd., 1809 (2n=2x=16), is a species that is characterized by vegetative propagation by air or underground bulbs only. Accessions of this species have been shown to be hybrids of Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum (Fiskesjo, 1975; Vosa, 1976; Schubert et al., 1983; Puizina and Papes, 1999). Accessions of Allium × proliferum were obtained from various sources and conserved in the in vitro collection of VIR. However, their pedigree was unknown, therefore there was a need to determine the ploidy level and genomic composition of these accessions.Materials and Methods. Thirteen Allium × proliferum accessions from the VIR in vitro collection were studied. To characterize the ploidy level and genomic composition of the accessions, the research employed FISH with chromosome-specific markers (5S and 18S/25S rDNA) and GISH with differentially labeled DNA of the putative parent species, i.e., A. cepa and A. fistulosum.Results. According to GISH, all the studied accessions were hybrids of A. cepa and A. fistulosum. Most (10 out of 13) accessions were determined as diploid hybrids with eight A. cepa and eight A. fistulosum chromosomes. The accession К 3206 turned out to be a diploid 16-chromosome hybrid with eight A. cepa, seven A. fistulosum chromosomes and one rearranged chromosome. Accessions К 3205 and К 3202 were found to be polyploids. The A. × proliferum accession К 3202 contained seven A. cepa and 16 A. fistulosum chromosomes. The accession К 3205 is characterized by the presence of 16 chromosomes hybridizing with A. cepa DNA and 13 chromosomes hybridizing with A. fistulosum DNA. Only one chromosome of A. fistulosum in this accession was revealed to have a 5s rDNA locus.Conclusions. The above shows that the collection contains top onion accessions with karyotypic differences.
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Radoš, Ljubomir, Bojana Vučković, Tanja Krmpot, Aleš Vokurka, and Zlatan Kovačević. "Genetic characterization of autochthonous varieties of Lubeničarka pear using AFLP markers." Genetics & Applications 3, no. 3 (December 24, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31383/ga.vol3iss3pp42-47.
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Wider Banja Luka region has a very important gene pool of the old autochthonous varieties of different fruit species. Naturally, an important place in this gene pool is occupied by autochthonous varieties of pears that have various periods of maturation, interesting commercial and technological characteristics, and are sources of resistance genes to the economically most important diseases and pests, as well as to the external environmental conditions. This paper deals with 7 selected accessions of the Lubeničarka variety at the following locations: Prnjavor (village Orašje, accession G_19, town Prnjavor, accession G_20 and Kokori Crnadci G _18), Srbac, accessions G_15 and G_16, Banja Luka (Hisete G_14 and Bistrica G_17). In order to reliably prove that there are differences among selected accessions we have analyzed the genetic profiles using AFLP genetic markers and established, based on the Jaccard similarity coefficient, that there is a genetic variability among the studied accessions. Furthermore, based on these analyzes we have classified these studied varieties into 3 groups of which accession G_19 has a very large coefficient (0.4369) when compared to other accessions, so that the affiliation of this genotype to Lubeničarka variety stays questionable.