Academic literature on the topic 'Academic libraries Australia Reference services'

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Journal articles on the topic "Academic libraries Australia Reference services"

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Haglund, Lotta, and David Herron. "Reference Services in Australian Academic Libraries are Becoming More Multifaceted." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 4, no. 3 (September 21, 2009): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b81905.

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A Review of: Burke, L. “Models of Reference Services in Australian Academic Libraries.” Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 40.4 (2008): 269-86. Objective – To investigate the current organizational models for reference work in Australian academic libraries, and how these reference services are staffed. Design – Mixed methods. Setting – Academic universities in Australia. Subjects – Forty Council of Australian University Librarians (CAUL) member libraries. Methods – A literature study was undertaken to (1) find a definition of reference services and (2) explore the development of reference service models over time. Statistics from the CAUL member libraries were studied for trends in student population and number of academic and library staff. A web-based survey, with questions based on the findings in the literature study, was then distributed to the 40 Australian university libraries in 2006. Respondents were asked when the library commenced different reference services in five areas: formats in which the library received and responded to reference queries, information literacy, subject specialization, liaison activities, and collection development. Respondents also answered questions about the organization of the reference department, including: whether they had a separate or integrated model; the size of the reference collections; if they had a librarian dedicated to supporting students studying in remote or distant mode; if the interlibrary loans department was part of the suite of reference services; and if they had a mission or statement of purpose for their reference services department. Main Results – Based on the literature study, the working definition of reference services (1) for the project was “all activities which assist in providing relevant and appropriate information services to patrons” (270), including: • All interactions with patrons to assist them in their searches for information in all media types. • All training by librarians of patrons to be able to access information for themselves. • Activities to help the library stay informed of relevant developments, such as establishing and maintaining relationships with patrons. The literature study also revealed (2) a shift from the traditional reference service model, focused on the reference desk and the services delivered from that location, to new models involving “consolidation of reference service points, establishment of tiered reference, reference by appointment, reorganization of reference departments, and limiting services to primary users” (271). The core aspects of reference services have changed little over time, including face-to-face reference work, print collection development, bibliographic instruction, and attending meetings. In some aspects, however, there has been a shift in emphasis, e.g., in bibliographic instruction from the teaching of tools to the teaching of information literacy. In addition, reference work has come to include “going out to users,” or academic liaison work, as well as research consultation as a general way to assist undergraduate student in getting started on assignments and projects. The Web-based survey (n=40, response rate 87.5%) showed that 32.4% of libraries have an integrated inquiry point which incorporates information queries and other queries that are not necessarily related to traditional library reference services (272, Table 1). This survey result supports the findings of the literature study in showing a trend of library services moving away from the traditional reference desk. A majority of the responding libraries still retained a separate reference department, but a significant number of libraries have developed departments incorporating reference services with other library services. Those that retained the separate department varied in how they described services to patrons, the most common name being Information Services, a more user-friendly and descriptive name. In staffing the reference service, the respondents were asked to indicate the classification level of their staff using the Higher Education Worker (HEW) scale (an Australian salary scale, based on competencies, minimum 1 / maximum 10). Staff spans a variety of levels (4-10), the most common level being HEW6, a level where all libraries had staff. This indicates that a large part of reference staff in Australian academic libraries are highly qualified. The shift in higher education, resulting in greater numbers of students and fewer staff (including librarians), has in many libraries resulted in a more flexible organization of reference services, and the utilization of staff from other sections of the library for manning the reference service point. There is also evidence of how the changing student population leads to changing demands for library facilities and services, e.g. a decrease in the traditional complex reference questions, as well as in over the counter loan transactions, and an increase in more general queries. Conclusion – Reference services in Australian academic libraries are becoming more flexible and integrated (although the definition for integrated is still unclear), in part as the result of client demand, and in part due to decreased funding. The author sees an emerging role for reference librarians in helping patrons to navigate the increasingly complex information environment, and to assist in developing the skills to critically evaluate the information they access for authoritativeness and appropriateness.
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Burke, Liz. "Models of reference services in Australian academic libraries." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 40, no. 4 (December 2008): 269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000608096716.

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Badia, Giovanna. "Email Reference Transactions Reveal Unique Patterns about End-User Information Seeking Behaviour and Librarians’ Responses in Academic and Public Libraries Outside the U.S. and Canada." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 7, no. 1 (March 9, 2012): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8tk6b.

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Abstract Objective – To investigate and compare the nature of e-mail reference services in academic and public libraries outside the United States. Design – Longitudinal comparative study. Setting – A total of 23 academic and public libraries in ten countries: Australia, Belgium, France, Germany, Mexico, the Netherlands, Slovenia, South Africa, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Subjects – The authors collected reference questions that were e-mailed to the 23 libraries for the weeks of April 3, 2006 and April 7, 2008. Questions were sent from the libraries’ websites to QuestionPoint, a collaborative, online reference service that was used to answer the questions received. Methods – The authors randomly selected 25 questions for each library for the weeks under investigation. If a library did not receive 25 email reference questions that week, then they collected transactions from subsequent weeks until the quota was met or until the end of the month. The authors examined transactions from a total of 919 questions – 515 questions in 2006 and 476 in 2008. All identifying information about the user was stripped from each transaction collected. Each transaction was labeled according to the following categories: • Type of institution, i.e., whether the question was sent to an academic or public library • Language of the question • Question type, i.e., whether the question was about library policy or access to electronic resources (labeled “access” questions), about library holdings (labeled “bibliographic” questions), or about finding specific information on a topic (labeled “subject” questions) • Answer type, i.e., whether the response consisted of: a confirmation, clarification, fact, instructions, referral to a pathfinder/bibliography, referral to another library/person/place, or no answer. • User status, i.e., whether the person asking the question was an undergrad, a graduate student, or a staff/faculty member • Subject classification of the questions using the Dewey Decimal Classification system • Response time Main Results – The e-mail transactions that were examined revealed a wide range of end-user and librarian behaviors. English, followed by Dutch, German, and French, were the languages most frequently used by library users. Countries also varied in terms of the types of questions received. For example, more than 75% of the email queries in Belgium (which only had academic libraries participate in this study) were “access” questions, while Mexico (which also consisted of all academic libraries) only received 6% “access” questions, France (all public libraries) had relatively few access questions, and Sweden (also all public libraries) had none. Public libraries received the most “subject” questions (75%) compared to academic libraries (28%). Public libraries answered “subject” questions with facts over a third of the time, while academic libraries responded with instructions close to half of the time. Among the academic libraries, graduate students asked slightly more “access” questions than undergraduates (62% versus 56%), and undergraduates asked more “subject” questions than graduate students (26% versus 13%). The “subject” questions submitted to academic libraries were divided almost equally among topics in the humanities (36%), the sciences (32%), and the social sciences (32%). This differed from public libraries; the latter received mostly questions about humanities topics (65%). The time taken to respond to users’ reference questions ranged from a few minutes to a few weeks between libraries. Some libraries set the response times on their websites. Those libraries that indicated longer response times on their sites met the users’ expectations more often, up to a maximum of 100 percent of the time. Most of the characteristics of email reference services that are listed above remained consistent from 2006 to 2008. The two areas that changed over two years were the libraries’ response time and the types of questions asked by university students. “Access questions increased (by 14 percent among graduates and by 4 percent among undergraduates), and bibliographic and subject questions decreased in both groups” (p. 364). Response time improved overall from 2006 to 2008. Conclusion – The authors’ analysis of the 919 transactions of e-mail reference questions revealed unique patterns about end-user information seeking behavior and librarians’ responses in academic and public libraries outside the United States and Canada. One of these patterns is that the public libraries participating in the study received the highest percentage of “subject” questions. The authors state that “the pattern of a much higher percentage of subject-related questions in public libraries contrasts with the general virtual reference trend in academic libraries, which shows a much higher percentage of access questions. Since many of the access questions concerned connection problems or logging on to databases, the relatively fewer number may indicate that the arts and humanities disciplines require less database searching and that the users need specific answers instead” (p. 367). The data also revealed significant differences between the types of questions asked by undergraduates versus graduate students. Undergraduates asked two thirds of the subject questions submitted to academic libraries and graduate students asked just over a fourth. The authors assume that this finding indicates that graduate students do more of their own research than undergraduates. The authors were concerned by the increase in the number of access questions posed by undergrads and graduate students from 2006 to 2008. They suggested that websites, databases, and other resources might have become more difficult to use over the years. They also noted that questions in technology almost doubled from 2006 to 2008. One of the patterns that were revealed contradicted the authors’ assumption that libraries with slow response times in 2006 would improve in 2008 as they became more proficient in providing virtual reference services. The majority of libraries in the study improved their turnaround time from 2006 to 2008, but the two slowest libraries took even longer to respond to their users.
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Mack, Thura R. "Reference Services and Media in Academic Libraries." Reference Librarian 31, no. 65 (July 7, 1999): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j120v31n65_04.

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Vogus, Brad. "Examining virtual reference services in academic libraries." Public Services Quarterly 16, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15228959.2020.1818664.

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Bandyopadhyay, Aditi, and Mary Kate Boyd-Byrnes. "Is the need for mediated reference service in academic libraries fading away in the digital environment?" Reference Services Review 44, no. 4 (November 14, 2016): 596–626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rsr-02-2016-0012.

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Purpose Academic libraries are experiencing numerous changes in their services due to high demands for digital resources and changes in users’ information needs and expectations. Many academic library users give preferences to Google, Google Scholar and other search engines on the internet when they search for information. As reference transactions are decreasing in many academic institutions, this paper aims to investigate the continuing need for mediated reference services in the technology-driven environment in academic libraries. Design/methodology/approach The authors have conducted a literature review to document and analyze the current trends in reference services in academic libraries. They have examined the relevant published literature through a series of reflective questions to determine whether the demise of mediated reference services is imminent in academic libraries. While this literature review is by no means an exhaustive one, the authors have provided a fairly comprehensive representation of articles to synthesize an overview of the history, evolution, and current trends of reference services in academic libraries. Findings This paper clearly demonstrates the importance of human-mediated reference services in academic libraries. It reinforces the need for skilled, knowledgeable professional librarians to provide effective and efficient reference services in a digital environment. Practical implications This paper provides a comprehensive overview of current trends in reference services in academic libraries and analyzes the merits and demerits of these trends to establish the need for mediated reference services in academic libraries. The arguments used in this paper will be useful for library and informational professionals as validation for the need to hire skilled, knowledgeable reference librarians to provide reference services in a digital environment. Originality/value This paper critically looks at the current trends and practices in reference services through the published literature to determine the future need for mediated reference services in academic libraries. It offers important insights to demonstrate why professional librarians’ skills, knowledge and expertise are essential to provide efficient reference services in the digital age.
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Huang, Samuel T. "Reference Services for Disabled Individuals in Academic Libraries." Reference Librarian 11, no. 25-26 (January 5, 1990): 527–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j120v11n25_26.

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Bain, Colin J., and Elizabeth Connor. "An Introduction To Reference Services In Academic Libraries." Australian Academic & Research Libraries 38, no. 4 (December 2007): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048623.2007.10721312.

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Cummings, Joel, Lara Cummings, and Linda Frederiksen. "User Preferences in Reference Services: Virtual Reference and Academic Libraries." portal: Libraries and the Academy 7, no. 1 (2007): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pla.2007.0004.

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Si, Li, Wenming Xing, Xiaozhe Zhuang, Xiaoqin Hua, and Limei Zhou. "Investigation and analysis of research data services in university libraries." Electronic Library 33, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 417–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/el-07-2013-0130.

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Purpose – This paper aims to find the current situation of research data services by academic libraries and summarize some strategies for university libraries to reference. Recent years have seen an increasing number of university libraries extended their traditional roles and provided research data services. Design/methodology/approach – This paper selected 87 libraries of the top 100 universities listed in the World’s Best Universities released by the USA News in October 2012 as samples and conducted a Web site investigation to check if there were any research data services provided. In addition, it made an interview with the Wuhan University Library’s Research Data Service Workgroup to understand the procedure, difficulties and experiences of their research data service. Based on the survey and interview, it analyzed the current status and difficulties of research data services in university libraries and proposed some strategies for others to reference. Findings – Of the 87 university libraries investigated, 50 libraries have offered research data services. Most of the services can be divided into six aspects: research data introduction, data management guideline, data curation and storage service, data management training, data management reference and resource recommendation. Among these services, research data introduction is the most frequently provided (47.13 per cent), followed by data curation and storage services (43.68 per cent), data management guideline (42.53 per cent), data management reference (41.38 per cent), resource recommendation (41.38 per cent) and data management training (24.14 per cent). The difficulties met by research data service of Chinese academic libraries are also concluded. Originality/value – Through Web site investigation and interview with the Wuhan University Library’s Research Data Service, this paper presented an overall picture of research data services in university libraries and identified the difficulties and experiences of research data services of the Wuhan University Library. Based on some successful examples, it put forward some strategies for university libraries to reference. This study is very useful for academic libraries to promote their research data services.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Academic libraries Australia Reference services"

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Mon, Lorri M. "User perceptions of digital reference services /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7177.

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Russell, John. "Wikis and Collaborative Reference Services." Association of College and Research Libraries, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106433.

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Librarians have long been concerned with connecting researchers with information, typically (but by no means exclusively) by means of face-to-face contact at a reference desk. With the advent of the Internet and the proliferation of online resources and services, librarians have used Web-based resources to add an asynchronic dimension to traditional synchronic reference services. One of the new Web-based technologies that has been discussed by librarians in the past few years is the wiki. Librarians have been using wikis for a variety of purposes, including research guides, knowledge-bases, and library Web sites, though they are flexible enough to work in most situations where collaboration or quick Web editing are desired. Wikis are an attractive tool for reference services because they are a relatively simple and inexpensive way to improve information flows among librarians and between librarians and their campus community.
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Elinashe, Uutoni Wilhelm. "Evaluation of digital reference services in academic libraries in Namibia." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17833.

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Launching of digital reference services by academic libraries is on the increase. Libraries are exploring new ways of expanding their services by interacting with users and responding to user inquiries via the Internet, especially students enrolled on the distance mode of studying. The purpose of this study was to evaluate digital reference services at the Polytechnic of Namibia library and the University of Namibia library. Two aspects were evaluated, namely, ‘Resources’ and ‘elements of the general digital reference model’. This study was a summative evaluation study in which semi-structured interviews and observations were used to collect data. The research findings showed that these libraries used the general digital reference model in providing responses to the library users. The study established that the two libraries did not follow the IFLA and RUSA standards of staffing and training of librarians working with digital reference services. The study further found that a lack of ability to fully demonstrate to users how to access various library services was one of the major problems that the librarians experienced.
Program: Masterprogram: Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap, Digitala bibliotek och informationstjänster
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Shachaf, Pnina, and Sarah Horowitz. "Are virtual reference services color blind?" Elsevier, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106524.

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This study reports an experiment that examines whether librarians provide equitable virtual reference services to diverse user groups. The relative absence of social cues in the virtual environment may mean greater equality of services though at the same time greater inequalities may arise as librarians can become less self-aware online. Findings indicate that the quality of service librarians provide to African Americans and Arabs is lower than the quality of service they provide to Caucasian, Hispanic, Asian, and Jewish students. This study adds to the knowledge of subjective bias in the virtual environment by specifying those that are discriminated against online, identifying the kinds of discriminatory actions of virtual reference librarians, and identifying the type of queries that more frequently result in unbiased service.
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Rieh, Soo Young. "Changing reference service environment: A review of perspectives from managers, librarians, and users." Elsevier B.V, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105385.

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This is a preprint of an article published in the Journal of Academic Librarianship 25(3), pp. 178-186. This article reviews the literature on academic library reference service, and examines changes in the traditional reference desk model. Based on the review from the perspectives of managers, librarians, and users, new research directions are proposed in which usersâ information-search processes and librariansâ intervention in reference service are integrated.
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Wan, Dollah Wan A. Kadir. "Digital reference services in selected public academic libraries in Malaysia: A case study." School of Communication & Information, Nanyang Technological University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106202.

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Reference service is one of the library’s primary services besides acquisitions, classification, cataloguing and physical planning. This service provides personalized assistance to library users in accessing and using suitable information resources to meet their needs. This research progress paper attempts to identify the status of digital reference services (DRS) in four public university libraries in Malaysia. In this study, the researcher attempts to identify usage of both traditional and digital reference services, user awareness of DRS, user satisfaction, and need for DRS. Two different sets of questionnaires were distributed: (1) a librarians’ questionnaire to librarians in the four university libraries, namely, Tun Abdul Razak Library, UiTM; University of Malaya (UM) Library; Tun Seri Lanang Library, UKM; and Sultan Abdul Samad Library, UPM; (2) a users’ questionnaire to students of the Faculty of Information Management, UiTM, and the Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, UiTM, UM and UPM. The findings show that DRS are effective forms of service delivery but their full potential has not yet been exploited. Email reference, Web forms and Ask-A Librarian are the main channels used in providing digital reference, although plans are under way to implement more sophisticated Internet technologies and collaborative digital reference.
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Sobel, Karen D. "Promotion of Library Reference Services to First-Year Undergraduate Students." Thesis, School of Information and Library Science, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1901/441.

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This study describes a survey of 237 first-year undergraduate students conducted at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Through this study, the researcher aimed to fill in gaps in librarians’ knowledge about first-year students’ awareness of reference services, and students’ preferred modes of communication with librarians. The results show significant positive relationships between librarians’ verbal promotion of reference services and students’ tendency to ask reference questions in person.
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Taha, Ahmed. "Streamline e-information service for virtual users: A quality function deployment (QFD) approach." School of Communication & Information, Nanyang Technological University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106053.

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Migration from the traditional to web-based library paradigm is usually accompanied by remodelling of many library core activities particularly those associated with user-centred services. In this capacity of the web-based service paradigm, many academic libraries have established networked environments within which many virtual-user communities are forming and growing. Understanding the virtual user's needs in these communities has become the first priority of networked libraries for designing, running and managing effective virtual reference services to meet the increasing expectations of the invisible users. To achieve this, the networked libraries strive to improve their quality of service by applying a wide range of such quality management approaches as quality function deployment (QFD) and LIBQUAL™. QFD initially stresses on driving continuous improvement of the user-oriented services towards end-user satisfaction. The paper attempts to incorporate the QFD to be integrated strategically in designing and managing e-information provision within networked library service environment. The UAE University Library is used as a case study, where the evidence-based librarianship (EBL) approach has been employed in three studies to identify user needs and acceptance of e-services. Based on these studies, the paper presents a model aimed at streamlining e-services for virtual users in ICT-rich learning environments.
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Evans, Paul. "A multimedia system to instruct novice users of online library catalogues." View thesis, 1996. http://library.nepean.uws.edu.au/about/staff/thesis.html.

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Simons, Kevin J. "The Work Process of Research Librarians: Implementation of the Abstraction-Decomposition Space." Connect to this document online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1113847496.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Miami University, Dept. of Psychology, 2005.
Title from second page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [2], vi, 72, [22] p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-37).
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Books on the topic "Academic libraries Australia Reference services"

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Batt, Fred. Academic library reference services. [Alexandria, Va: ERIC, 1987.

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Dollah, Ab Kadir Wan. Digital reference services in academic libraries. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press, 2012.

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Watson, Paula D. Reference services in academic research libraries. [Chicago]: Reference and Adult Services Division, American Library Association, 1986.

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Rethinking Reference Institute (1993 Mar. 12-14 Berkeley, Calif.). Rethinking reference in academic libraries. Berkeley: Library Solutions Institute, 1993.

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System, Suburban Library. SLS minimum reference standards for academic libraries. [Oaklawn]: Suburban Library System, 1988.

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Celia, Hales-Mabry, ed. Philosophies of reference service. New York: Haworth Press, 1997.

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Grandi, Marcia Elisa Garcia de and Sampaio Maria Imaculada Cardoso, eds. Indicadores de qualidade para o serviço de referência: Uma proposta de aplicação às bibliotecas do SIBI-USP. São Paulo: Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Serviço de Biblioteca e Documentação, 2001.

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T, Huang Samuel, ed. Modern library technology and reference services. New York: Haworth Press, 1993.

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M, Stuart Lynne, and Hutto Dena Holiman, eds. The changing face of reference. Greenwich, Conn: JAI Press, 1996.

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Gorman, Kathleen. Performance evaluation in reference services in ARL libraries. Washington, D.C: Office of Management Studies, Association of Research Libraries, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Academic libraries Australia Reference services"

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Emmick, Nancy J. "Nonprofessionals on Reference Desks in Academic Libraries." In Conflicts in Reference Services, 149–60. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429354373-16.

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Voigt, Kathleen J. "Computer Search Services and Information Brokering in Academic Libraries." In Information Brokers and Reference Services, 17–36. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429353291-2.

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Caren, Loretta, and Arleen Somerville. "Issues Facing Private Academic Libraries Considering Fee-Based Programs." In Information Brokers and Reference Services, 37–50. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429353291-3.

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Wan Dollah, Wan Ab Kadir, and Diljit Singh. "Reference Services in Digital Environment." In Handbook of Research on Digital Libraries, 412–20. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-879-6.ch042.

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Information and communication technologies have been used to assist in various functions of library and information units. Digital reference services that is becoming widely available especially in academic libraries and public libraries around the world provide assistance to remote users especially through e-mail format. This chapter clarifies the concept, format and background of digital reference services. It also focuses on issues, trends and challenges in digital reference services, besides discussing on technological developments in digital reference services. The benefits and limitations of the services are also highlighted in this chapter.
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Stinson, Malone B., and Alva W. Stewart. "A Comparison of Public Policy Reference Inquiries in Two Academic Libraries." In Reference Services and Public Policy, 171–86. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429353383-12.

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"Meeting Changing Information Needs of Illinois Firefighters: Analysis of Queries Received from Outreach Reference Service." In Outreach Services in Academic and Special Libraries, 77–114. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203725719-8.

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McNeal, Michele, and David Newyear. "Chatbots." In Robots in Academic Libraries, 101–14. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3938-6.ch006.

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The authors discuss their experience with using artificial intelligence and chatbots to enhance their existing web sites and information services in public library settings. The chapter describes their budget driven motivations for embarking on this project and outlines the development and implementation of the bots in their library settings. They show how the bots are positioned to enhance existing services and describe the various reactions to the bots from their patron base, and staff. Different implementations of the bots are highlighted (text only, animated talking avatar, mobile site, desktop help icon) as well as the differing levels of complexity of these different implementations. They address the oft posed question “Does AI spell the end of Reference?” and describe the InfoTabby code sharing project.
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DuBois, Henry, and Lesley Farmer. "Technology impact on reference and information services staffing." In The Human Side of Reference and Information Services in Academic Libraries, 19–32. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-84334-257-1.50002-4.

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Farmer, Lesley. "Technology impact on evaluating reference and information services." In The Human Side of Reference and Information Services in Academic Libraries, 99–109. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-84334-257-1.50007-3.

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Cordell, Rosanne M. "Reference and Instruction Services as an Integrated Approach." In Professional Development and Workplace Learning, 1964–73. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8632-8.ch107.

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Reference and instruction services in academic libraries were indistinguishable in their early development but were separated administratively as libraries and their programs grew. This organizational separation is not conducive to the coordination of these services, but steps can be taken which will benefit the functioning of each area.
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Conference papers on the topic "Academic libraries Australia Reference services"

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You, Sukjin, Joel DesArmo, Xiangming Mu, and Alexandra Dimitroff. "Balancing factors affecting Virtual Reference Services: Identified from academic Librarians' perspective." In 2014 IEEE/ACM Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jcdl.2014.6970233.

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Ocholla, Dennis N., and Lyudmila Ocholla. "Responsiveness of Academic Libraries in South Africa to Research Support in the 4th Industrial Revolution: A Preliminary study." In The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations. Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-223-4-2020-169-177.

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Abstract:
At the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, in 2016, the concept of the 4th Industrial revolution (4IR) was coined by Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, with the reference that it would be building on «the Third, the digital revolution» and would be «characterized by a fusion of technologies that is blurring the lines between the physical, digital, and biological». Thus, the ‘smart’ technologies will spearhead the revolution. We acknowledge that the 4IR will impact on everything, everywhere, including research and libraries. In this paper we conceptualize 4IR, and compare current academic/university library services/trends in South Africa with 4IR requirements through the analysis of 26 public university library websites. The findings show that the libraries are responding well to the revolution through their services, with remarkable of innovation and creativity on display. The study expects library services to be responsive, resourced and accessible anytime and anywhere, and provides a framework for further research and exploration in the region and perhaps elsewhere.
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