Journal articles: 'Acacia mearnsii'

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Goets, Stefan A., Tineke Kraaij, and Keith M. Little. "Seed bank and growth comparisons of native (Virgilia divaricata) and invasive alien (Acacia mearnsii and A. melanoxylon) plants: implications for conservation." PeerJ 6 (August 21, 2018): e5466. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5466.

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Background Invasive alien plants with long-lived dormant seed banks and fast growth rates are difficult to manage. Acacia mearnsii and Acacia melanoxylon are two such invaders in the southern Cape of South Africa which occasionally co-occur with a native, ecologically analogous species, Virgilia divaricata. We compared the performance of these three species to determine potential for the native species to be used in management of the invasives. Methods We compared the study species in terms of (i) soil seed bank densities, their vertical distribution, and the viability of seeds underneath the canopies of mature trees; (ii) seedling growth from planted seeds over a period of three months; and (iii) growth rates of saplings over a period of 10 months in stands that have naturally regenerated in the field (these stands were dominated by A. mearnsii) and where saplings have been exposed to varying levels of competition from surrounding saplings. Results Seed bank densities differed significantly among species but not among soil depth classes. Acacia mearnsii had the highest seed bank densities (mean of 7,596 seeds m−2), followed by V. divaricata (938 seeds m−2) and A. melanoxylon (274 seeds m−2). Seed viability was high (87–91%) in all three study species and did not differ significantly among species or soil depth classes. As seedlings, V. divaricata significantly outgrew A. mearnsii in terms of height, root and shoot dry mass, and root:shoot ratio. Relative growth (the relationship between growth in height and initial height) was negative in the seedlings of both species. Trends during the sapling stage were opposite to those during the seedling stage; A. mearnsii (but not A. melanoxylon) saplings significantly outgrew V. divaricata saplings in height, while relative growth rates were positive in all species. Sapling growth of all species was furthermore uninfluenced by the collective biomass of surrounding competitors. Discussion Our findings suggest that amongst the measures considered, A. mearnsii’s success as an invader is primarily attributable to its large seed banks, and secondly to its vigorous growth in height as saplings. However, the superior growth performance of V. divaricata seedlings and no apparent negative effect of competition from the acacias on sapling growth show promise for its use in integrated management of the acacias.

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Viera, Márcio, Mauro Valdir Schumacher, and Edenilson Liberalesso. "Mixed and monospecific stands of eucalyptus and black-wattle: I - fine root length density." Ciência Rural 42, no. 10 (August 21, 2012): 1818–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782012005000074.

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Fine root length density (FRLD) was evaluated in mixed and monospecific stands of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla and Acacia mearnsii in Southern Brazil. FRLD (≤2,0mm) at 8 and 18 months after planting in the treatments: 100E (100% of eucalyptus); 100A (100% of Acacia mearnsii); 50E:50A (50% of eucalyptus + 50% of Acacia mearnsii). The findings demonstrated that the FRLD at 8 months of age have the same distribution, in the two different species, in the distribution of the different soil layers, reaching the maximum projection of 125cm from the tree trunk. For the age of 18 months after planting, it was verified that the FRLD in the monospecific stand of Acacia mearnsii was higher than in the monoculture and mixed stand of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla. Therefore, no interaction, neither positive nor negative, between the root systems of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla and Acacia mearnsii during the 18 months after planting was found. The higher FRLD is found at the soil layers surface, next to the tree trunk and in the planting line, followed by the diagonal and planting rows. The initial growth in length of the root system of Acacia mearnsii is more dynamic with higher density than the eucalyptus, but without interfering directly in the global growth of fine roots in mixed stands.

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Bauhus, J., P. K. Khanna, and N. Menden. "Aboveground and belowground interactions in mixed plantations of Eucalyptus globulus and Acacia mearnsii." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30, no. 12 (December 1, 2000): 1886–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x00-141.

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This study investigated whether increased productivity in mixed plantations of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and Acacia mearnsii de Wild when compared with monocultures could be explained by niche separation of the fine-root systems. For this purpose fine-root architecture, nutrient concentration, and fine-root distribution were examined in two horizons (0-15 and 15-30 cm) of mixed and pure stands. Investigations were carried out in 6.5-year-old plantations consisting of 100% eucalypts, 75% eucalypts + 25% acacia, 50% eucalypts + 50% acacia, 25% eucalypts + 75% acacia, and 100% acacia. Aboveground the two species interacted synergistically. Stem volume and tree height was highest in the 50:50 mixtures. For acacias, intraspecific competition was stronger than interspecific competition with eucalypts. Fine-root biomass and length density were similar for all species combinations, and there was no synergistic effect. The vertical distribution of fine roots and fine-root architecture were similar for acacias and eucalypts. This indicated that soil exploitation strategies may be similar, which can result in strong competition for soil resources. Fine-root nitrogen concentrations of eucalypts were highest in the 50:50 mixture. Improved productivity of mixtures appears to be a result of both canopy stratification and improved N nutrition of eucalypts through N fixation by acacias.

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Kannegiesser Schuh, Ute. "Apuntes sobre algunas acacias australianas. 1. Acacia mearnsii De Willd." Ciencia & Investigación Forestal 4, no. 2 (July 6, 1990): 198–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.52904/0718-4646.1990.141.

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Acacia mearnsii pertenece a la familia Mimosaceae y está estrechamente relacionada con A. decurrens, de la cual incluso durante una época fue considerada una variedad y con A. dealbata. Esta sin embargo presneta folíolos más largos, follaje plateado y legumbres más toscas.

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Uushona, T., O. C. Chikwanha, T. Tayengwa, C. L. F. Katiyatiya, P. E. Strydom, and C. Mapiye. "Nutraceutical and preservative potential of Acacia mearnsii and Acacia dealbata leaves for ruminant production and product quality enhancement." Journal of Agricultural Science 159, no. 9-10 (November 2021): 743–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859621001015.

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Abstract Seasonality and species are key aspects of the abiotic and biotic environment, respectively, that influence nutrient, phytochemical and antioxidant profiles of invasive alien plants leaf-meals. The current study investigated the effects of season on nutrient, amino acid, fatty acid, mineral, bioactive polyphenolic composition and antioxidant activity of Acacia mearnsii and A. dealbata leaf-meals. Overall, A. mearnsii leaf-meal harvested in the hot-dry-season had greater crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent soluble fibre, 24 and 48 h in vitro neutral detergent fibre digestibility, macro-mineral contents, individual polyphenols, C18:1n9 and C18:2n6 compared to other leaf-meals. Regardless of the season, A. mearnsii leaf-meals had greater amino acid concentrations than A. dealbata leaf-meals. Hot-dry-season leaf-meals had a greater concentration of total flavonoids than the leaf-meals in the cool-wet-season irrespective of species. Antioxidant potency composite of the Acacia leaf-meals was in the order of A. dealbata × hot-dry-season > A. mearnsii × hot-dry-season > A. mearnsii × cool-wet-season > A. dealbata × cool-wet-season. The findings suggested that A. mearnsii leaf-meal harvested in the hot-dry-season has superior nutritional and polyphenolic profiles, which could support its use as a nutraceutical and preservative for the enhancement of ruminant production and product quality compared to other leaf meals.

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Bley-Dalouman, H., F. Broust, J. Prevost, and A. Tran. "USE OF VERY HIGH SPATIAL RESOLUTION IMAGERY FOR MAPPING WOOD ENERGY POTENTIAL FROM TROPICAL MANAGED FOREST STANDS, REUNION ISLAND." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B3-2021 (June 28, 2021): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b3-2021-189-2021.

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Abstract. The development of a sustainable wood energy chain is an essential part of ecological and energy transition in Reunion Island (Indian Ocean), where Acacia mearnsii is the main potential wood energy resource identified to date. In order to assess future wood biomass supply chain strategies, a major first issue is to gain knowledge of the spatial distribution of this species forest stands.In this study, we assessed the potential of very high spatial resolution multispectral imagery for mapping the main forest stands in a study area located the Western Highlands region, where Acacia mearnsii expands alongside Acacia heterophylla, an endemic forest species and Cryptomeria japonica, an exotic forest stand. A reference database including 150 samples of seven classes (Acacia mearnsii (mature and non-mature), Acacia heterophylla (mature and non-mature), Cryptomeria japonica, ‘herbaceous areas’, and ‘bare soils’) was used to classify a Pleiades image acquired in May 2020. Spectral and textural indices were used in an incremental classification procedure using a random classifier.The best results (Kappa = 0.84, global accuracy = 84%) were obtained for the classification using all spectral and textural bands. The resulting map enables analyzing the spatial distribution of the different forest stands.

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Bauhus, Jürgen, Aaron P. van Winden, and Adrienne B. Nicotra. "Aboveground interactions and productivity in mixed-species plantations of Acacia mearnsii and Eucalyptus globulus." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 34, no. 3 (March 1, 2004): 686–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x03-243.

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This study compared productivity in mixed-species plantations of Eucalyptus globulus ssp. pseudoglobulus (Naudin ex Maiden) Kirkpatr. and Acacia mearnsii de Wild with pure stands of each species and investigated how this might be explained by canopy stratification between species and changes in leaf characteristics of eucalypts. Investigations were carried out at a trial using the replacement series design, which consisted of the following combinations: 100% eucalypts (100%E), 75% eucalypts + 25% acacia (75%E:25%A), 50% eucalypts + 50% acacia (50%E:50%A), 25% eucalypts + 75% acacia (25%E:75%A), and 100% acacia (100%A). At 9.5 years, stem volume and biomass were highest in 50%E:50%A treatments. Canopy stratification occurred in all mixtures, with acacias in the lower and eucalypts in the upper canopy stratum. This and the increasing canopy light interception with increasing proportion of acacia in the mixture indicated that A. mearnsii is substantially more shade tolerant than E. globulus. Midcanopy foliage of E. globulus in the 50%E:50%A mixture had higher foliage nitrogen (N) but lower phosphorus (P) concentrations and lower light-saturated net photosynthesis rates (Amax) than those in the 100%E treatment. In addition, similar relationships between eucalypt crown volume and stem biomass across treatments indicated that eucalypt crowns were not more efficient in mixture. Our study indicates that the productivity gains in these mixtures may be partially attributable to aboveground niche separation between species.

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Kharivha, Tshililo, Sheunesu Ruwanza, and Gladman Thondhlana. "Effects of Elevated Temperature and High and Low Rainfall on the Germination and Growth of the Invasive Alien Plant Acacia mearnsii." Plants 11, no. 19 (October 7, 2022): 2633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11192633.

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The impact of climate change on the germination and growth of invasive alien plants varies depending on the plant species and invasion process. We experimentally assessed the responses of the invasive alien plant Acacia mearnsii to future climate change scenarios—namely, elevated temperature as well as high and low rainfall. Acacia mearnsii was grown at an elevated air temperature (+2 °C), high rainfall (6 mm per day), and low rainfall (1.5 mm per day), and its germination and growth performance were measured over five months. We further examined changes in soil nutrients to assess if the above-mentioned climate change scenarios affected soils. Both elevated temperature and high rainfall did not influence A. mearnsii germination and seedling growth. In contrast, we observed reductions in A. mearnsii germination and growth in the low rainfall treatment, an indication that future drought conditions might negatively affect A. mearnsii invasion. We noted that elevated temperature and rainfall resulted in varied effects on soil properties (particularly soil C, N, Ca, and Mg content). We conclude that both elevated temperature and high rainfall may not enhance A. mearnsii invasion through altering germination and growth, but a decrease in A. mearnsii invasiveness is possible under low rainfall conditions.

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Calegari, Leandro, Pedro Jorge Goes Lopes, Elisabeth De Oliveira, Darci Alberto Gatto, and Diego Martins Stangerlin. "Quantificação de taninos nas cascas de jurema-preta e acácia-negra." Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira 36, no. 85 (March 31, 2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4336/2016.pfb.36.85.986.

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Em função de sua complexidade química, há diversas metodologias de quantificação dos taninos vegetais. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo quantificar as substâncias tânicas e não-tânicas presentes nas cascas de jurema-preta (Mimosa tenuiflora) e de acácia-negra (Acacia mearnsii) por dois métodos distintos. A partir das partículas de casca de ambas as espécies, foram geradas soluções analíticas utilizando um extrator do tipo camisa de vapor, sendo a solução analisada pelos métodos de Stiasny e do pó de pele (não cromado). Para ambas as espécies, os teores de tânicos foram superiores quando analisados pelo método de pó de pele, atingindo 47,8 e 24,1% para A. mearnsii e M. tenuiflora, respectivamente. Pelo método de Stiasny, o teor de taninos condensados foi de 39,0% para A. mearnsii e 15,5% para M. tenuiflora. Apesar dos melhores resultados obtidos para a A. mearnsii, a casca de M. tenuiflora também apresentou grande potencialidade em função da considerável quantidade de tânicos e da disponibilidade da espécie no bioma Caatinga. Tannins quantification in barks of Mimosa tenuiflora and Acacia mearnsiiDue to its chemical complexity, there are several methodologies for vegetable tannins quantification. Thus, this work aims at quantifying both tannin and non-tannin substances present in the barks of Mimosa tenuiflora and Acacia mearnsii by two different methods. From bark particles of both species, analytical solutions were produced by using a steam-jacketed extractor. The solution was analyzed by Stiasny and hide-powder (no chromed) methods. For both species, tannin levels were superior when analyzed by hide-powder method, reaching 47.8% and 24.1% for A. mearnsii and M. tenuiflora, respectively. By Stiasny method, the tannins levels considered were 39.0% for A. mearnsii, and 15.5% for M. tenuiflora. Despite the best results presented by A. mearnsii, the bark of M. tenuiflora also showed great potential due to its considerable amount of tannin and the availability of the species at Caatinga biome.Index terms: Gravimetric method; Stiasny; ALCA extractor

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Searle, S. D., J. C. Bell, and G. F. Moran. "Genetic diversity in natural populations of Acacia mearnsii." Australian Journal of Botany 48, no. 2 (2000): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt98043.

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Twenty-three isozyme loci were used to examine genetic diversity within and between 19 natural populations of Acacia mearnsii De Wild. selected to represent its entire geographic range. Acacia mearnsii was found to have moderate genetic diversity (species level gene diversity HT = 0.201) with the majority (89.2%) of variation occurring within populations. All measures of population diversity were higher in the northern (New South Wales) than the southern (Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania) populations. There was some evidence of differentiation between populations but no strong clustering at a regional level.

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Haroun, Mahdi. "COMPLEMENTARY ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES PAPER, THIN-LAYER, HIDE-POWER, AND COMBINED METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZATIONOF TANNIN IN PLANTS." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 777–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13610.

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The polyphenolic compoundsextract rich in gallo-catechol tannins submitted to complementary analytical techniqueswas evaluated. The whole plantspecies screened were of the condensed type except Acacia seyal var. fistuala, Acaciaseyal var. seyal, Casuarina equistifolia, and Pithecellobium dulcewere of mixedhydrolysable-condensed(gallo-catechol) type. The quantitative data indicated that 5 parts (bark) out of 12 species, when extracted, contained more than 10% tannins (oven-dry basis), the level of commercial interest. The catechin numbers indicated that all the studied species contained condensed tannin in varying amounts (0.6-45.7), while the presence of both gallic acid and catechin means that the tannin is of mixed type. Thin-layer and paper chromatography with different solvent systems confirmed the presence of catechin and gallic acid, and showed that tannic acid, fisetin, epicatechin and some unidentified phenolics were present. However, dihydrofisetin and robinetin, which were used as standards, were not detected. Astringency values shows that the Acacia mellifera(0.18), Acacia seyalvar.fistuala(0.18), Pithecellobium dulce (0.15), Acacia senegal (0.14), Acacia farnesiana (0.13), Calotropis procera (0.13)barks could be used in place of A. mearnsii(international commercial tannin materials) (0.16) because the degree of relative astringency or the ability of their tannin to combine with protein is close to that of A. mearnsii in other words these six species can give leather with characteristics comparable with that of A. mearnsii.

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Giesbrecht, Bruna Mohr, Rodrigo Coldebella, Marina Gentil, Gabriel Raamon Santana Nunes, Matheus Redel Finger, Juliana Jardim, Cristiane Pedrazzi, and Gabriel Valim Cardoso. "Performance da madeira de <i>Acacia mearnsii</i> De Wild para polpação kraft." Ciência Florestal 32, no. 1 (March 25, 2022): 266–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509850295.

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O crescente interesse mundial na polpa celulósica produzida a partir da madeira de Acacia mearnsii incentiva estudos que comprovem sua propensão e eficiência para esse fim. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as propriedades físico-químicas da madeira de Acacia mearnsii, bem como avaliar seu desempenho na produção de celulose kraft, sob diferentes condições de cozimento. Amostras de madeiras das áreas de produção de sementes (APS) e clones foram avaliados. A polpação kraft foi realizada com fator H constante (1363) e álcali ativo variando de 14% a 24%. A densidade básica das madeiras de clone e APS não diferiram estatisticamente (0,544 g/cm³). A análise química revelou que o conteúdo médio (clone e APS) de extrativos, lignina e carboidratos foi de 4,67%, 16,66% e 77,02%, respectivamente. A condição de polpação mais eficiente foi obtida com álcali ativo de 14%, número kappa 16 e rendimento depurado de 57%. De acordo com os resultados, a madeira de Acacia mearnsii apresentou grande potencial para ser utilizada como fonte de fibra curta na obtenção de polpa celulósica pelo processo kraft.

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Forrester, David I., Jürgen Bauhus, and Annette L. Cowie. "Nutrient cycling in a mixed-species plantation of Eucalyptus globulus and Acacia mearnsii." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, no. 12 (December 1, 2005): 2942–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-214.

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A doubling of aboveground biomass production has been observed in mixtures of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and Acacia mearnsii de Wildeman when compared with monocultures after 11 years of growth. This study examined to what extent increased nitrogen (N) availability and accelerated rates of nutrient cycling may contribute to increased growth in mixtures. Monocultures of E. globulus (E) and A. mearnsii (A) and mixtures of these species were planted in a species replacement series: 100% E, 75% E + 25% A, 50% E + 50% A, 25% E + 75% A, and 100% A. Litterfall mass increased with aboveground biomass production and was highest in 50:50 mixtures and lowest in monocultures. Owing to higher N concentrations of A. mearnsii litter, N contents of annual litterfall were at least twice as high in stands containing A. mearnsii (32-49 kg·ha1·year1) as in E. globulus monocultures (14 kg·ha1·year1). Stands with A. mearnsii also cycled higher quantities of phosphorus (P) in annual litterfall than E. globulus monocultures. This study demonstrated that mixing A. mearnsii with E. globulus increased the quantity and rates of N and P cycled through aboveground litterfall when compared with E. globulus monocultures. Thus, mixed-species plantations appear to be a useful silvicultural system to improve nutrition of eucalypts without fertilization.

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Carlos, Roberto Sanquetta, Behling Alexandre, Paula Dalla Corte Ana, Arlindo Simon Augusto, Lourenco Rodrigues Aurelio, Camacho Cadori Guilherme, and Costa Junior Sergio. "Modelling crown volume in Acacia mearnsii stands." African Journal of Agricultural Research 10, no. 28 (July 9, 2015): 2756–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajar2015.9778.

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Duan, Wengui, Seiji Ohara, Koh Hashida, and Rei Makino. "Condensed tannins from steamed Acacia mearnsii bark." Holzforschung 59, no. 3 (May 1, 2005): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2005.048.

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Abstract The optimum steaming conditions for extraction of condensed tannins from Acacia mearnsii bark were explored, after which characterization of proanthocyanidins from bark steamed under optimum conditions was carried out. The optimum conditions were as follows: steaming time, 30 min; steaming temperature, 140°C; and water volume, 75 ml. The total phenolics content obtained under these conditions amounted to 25.31%, which was much higher than the 21.70% obtained by conventional hot water extraction. Six proanthocyanidin dimers were isolated from the steamed bark. Analysis revealed them to be fisetinidol-(4β-8)-catechin, fisetinidol-(4α-8)-catechin, robinetinidol-(4β-8)-catechin, robinetinidol-(4α-8)-catechin, robinetinidol-(4β-8)-gallocatechin, and robinetinidol-(4α-8)-gallocatechin. Proanthocyanidin polymers were found to consist mainly of prorobinetinidin extender units, similar to those obtained from the same bark by conventional extraction with 70% acetone aqueous solution. However, nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography analyses suggested that during steaming the polymers undergo condensation reactions, as well as inversion of the configuration of interflavanoid bonds.

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Chen, Xiao, Jia Xiong, Shenlin Huang, Xun Li, Yu Zhang, Liping Zhang, and Fei Wang. "Analytical Profiling of Proanthocyanidins from Acacia mearnsii Bark and In Vitro Assessment of Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potential." Molecules 23, no. 11 (November 6, 2018): 2891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112891.

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The proanthocyanidins from ethanol extracts (80%, v/v) of Acacia mearnsii (A. mearnsii) bark on chemical-based and cellular antioxidant activity assays as well as carbolytic enzyme inhibitory activities were studied. About 77% of oligomeric proanthocyanidins in ethanol extracts of A. mearnsii bark were found by using normal-phase HPLC. In addition, HPLC-ESI-TOF/MS and MALDI-TOF/TOF MS analyses indicated that proanthocyanidins from A. mearnsii bark exhibited with a degree of polymerization ranging from 1 to 11. These results of combined antioxidant activity assays, as well as carbolytic enzyme inhibitory activities of proanthocyanidins from A. mearnsii bark, indicated an encouraging antioxidant capacity for the high polyphenol content and a potential for use as alternative drugs for lowering the glycemic response.

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Roux, J., M. J. Wingfield, and D. Mujuni Byabashaija. "First Report of Ceratocystis Wilt of Acacia mearnsii in Uganda." Plant Disease 85, no. 9 (September 2001): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.9.1029b.

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Ceratocystis albofundus, the cause of Ceratocystis wilt of Acacia mearnsii, is known only from South Africa. The only known hosts of this fungus are A. mearnsii, Acacia decurrens, and two species of Protea (1). This pathogen causes stem cankers, xylem discoloration, wilt, and the death of susceptible A. mearnsii trees in South Africa, leading to considerable losses to the forestry industry (1). During a recent survey of forest plantation diseases in Uganda, A. mearnsii trees with “streaked” discoloration of the xylem, typical of Ceratocystis infection, were found in southwestern Uganda. These trees had been damaged mechanically by the harvesting of side branches and/or stems for firewood and construction. Xylem discoloration was spreading through the trees from these wounds. Trees showed typical stem cankers and gummosis, which is associated with C. albofundus infection, as well as foliage wilting. Isolations from infected trees yielded a fungus that was similar morphologically to C. albofundus, with typical hat-shaped ascospores and light-colored perithecial bases (2). Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal RNA operon of Ugandan isolates (CMW5329, CMW5964, GenBank accession no. AF388947) confirmed their identification, grouping them with C. albofundus and separating them from all other Ceratocystis species. This is the first report of C. albofundus from a country other than South Africa. C. albofundus is an important pathogen, and strategies to reduce losses need to be established in Uganda because the aggressiveness of C. albofundus to A. mearnsii has been shown in inoculation experiments (1). References: (1) Morris et al. Plant Pathol. 42:814, 1993. (2) Wingfield et al. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 19:191, 1996.

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Kumar, E. T. Deva, K. Thirumalai, R. Aravindhan, M. Swaminathan, J. Raghava Rao, and B. U. Nair. "Visible light photocatalytic degradation of wattle extract: effect of mixing CdWO4 over a semiconductive ZnO photocatalyst." RSC Advances 5, no. 75 (2015): 60926–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra06926b.

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Pinilla Suárez, Juan Carlos, Karina Luengo Vergara, Mauricio Navarrete T., and Felipe Navarrete. "Ajuste de un modelo de volumen de árbol individual de Acacia mearnsii de Wild creciendo en la región del Bio Bio." Ciencia & Investigación Forestal 24, no. 3 (July 15, 2018): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52904/0718-4646.2018.501.

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En el presente trabajo de describe la elaboración de un primer modelo de volumen de árbol individual para la especie acacia negra (Acacia mearnsii), los principales aspectos de la metodología utilizada y los resultados obtenidos, a partir de la información obtenida de un rodal en crecimiento en la comuna de Florida, Región del Bio Bio.

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Dessì, Ludovica, Lina Podda, Giuseppe Brundu, Vanessa Lozano, Antoine Carrouée, Elizabete Marchante, Hélia Marchante, Yohan Petit, Marco Porceddu, and Gianluigi Bacchetta. "Seed Germination Ecophysiology of Acacia dealbata Link and Acacia mearnsii De Wild.: Two Invasive Species in the Mediterranean Basin." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 20, 2021): 11588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111588.

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Acacia dealbata and A. mearnsii are two invasive species found in coastal, mountain, and riparian Mediterranean habitats. Seed biology and germination traits are important drivers of the competitive performance of plants and may significantly contribute to biological invasions. The seeds of Acacia s.l. have physical dormancy due to an impermeable epidermal layer. The aim of this study was to assess the germination capacity of scarified and non-scarified seeds of A. dealbata and A. mearnsii from different areas of the Mediterranean Basin. To test the seed imbibition capacity, the increase in mass was evaluated. Non-scarified seeds were tested at 15, 20, and 25 °C in light conditions. Scarified seeds were tested at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C and 25/10 °C in light and dark conditions. Scarified seeds increased in mass more than non-scarified seeds. Both species showed a higher germination capacity at 25 °C in non-scarified seeds; A. dealbata reached a germination maximum of 55%, while A. mearnsii reached 40%, showing a difference among these populations. Scarified seeds of both species reached germination percentages >95% at all temperatures except at 5 °C in dark conditions. Scarification was necessary to break dormancy and promote germination. The present study provides new knowledge about the seed ecology and germinative behaviour of the two Acacia species under different pre-treatment, temperature, and photoperiod regimes, contributing to the understanding of their invasive behaviour.

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Liu, Zhibin, Lirong Zhou, Dandan Liu, Qiyu Zhu, and Wenqing Chen. "Inhibitory mechanisms of Acacia mearnsii extracts on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 6 (January 28, 2015): 856–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.038.

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Our previous work revealed that Acacia mearnsii extract can inhibit the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa, the common species forming toxic cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic freshwater. In the present study, we demonstrated that this plant extract can significantly increase cell membrane permeability and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity on the membrane. Long-term exposure to concentrations of 20 ppm A. mearnsii extract led to algal cell membrane leakage or even lysis. Comparison of expression of three photosynthesis-related genes (rbcL, psaB and psbD) in M. aeruginosa with and without plant extract treatment revealed that their expression was remarkably reduced in the presence of the extract. Down-regulation of photosynthesis-related genes could indicate the inhibition of the photosynthetic process. Thus, our results suggested that both photosynthetic systems and membranes of M. aeruginosa are potentially damaged by A. mearnsii extract.

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Xiang, W., and J. Bauhus. "Does the addition of litter from N-fixing Acacia mearnsii accelerate leaf decomposition of Eucalyptus globulus?" Australian Journal of Botany 55, no. 5 (2007): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt06083.

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Nutrient cycling in mixed-species plant communities may be enhanced in comparison to what might be expected from the component species. In this study, we investigated (1) whether the admixing of nitrogen-rich litter from Acacia mearnsii can accelerate the decomposition of Eucalyptus globulus leaf litter and (2) whether eucalypt litter originating from mixed stands with acacias decomposes faster than litter from pure eucalypt stands. To address the first question, pure and mixed litter was incubated in the laboratory for 110 days at 25°C in the following proportions: 100%E, 75%E : 25%A, 50%E : 50%A, 25%E : 75%A and 100%A, where %E and %A refers to the proportion of eucalypt and acacia in the microcosms, respectively. Since mass loss and N loss of litter in the 50 : 50 mixture was higher than for pure eucalypt but not higher than for acacia, it appears that acacia litter accelerated decomposition of eucalypt litter but not vice versa. Decomposition rates increased with N concentration in the combined litters up to 1.1% N, above that point it remained constant. To address the second question, eucalypt litter from pure and mixed stands was incubated in microcosms. The loss of mass, N and P after 110 days was not different for eucalypt litter originating from mixed (75E : 25A, 50E : 50A, 25E : 75A) and pure (100E) plantations. Together, these studies suggest that admixture of A. mearnsii to E. globulus has the potential to accelerate decomposition and N cycling, and that the species interactions are most pronounced in the 50 : 50 mixture. Mixing of the two species in plantations has so far had no influence on the decomposability of eucalypt litter.

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Midgley, S. J., and J. W. Turnbull. "Domestication and use of Australian acacias: case studies of five important species." Australian Systematic Botany 16, no. 1 (2003): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb01038.

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Some Acacia species native to Australia and neighbouring countries are significant in the rural economy of many countries. Aspects of the domestication process and uses of A. mangium, A. crassicarpa, A. mearnsii, A.�saligna and A. colei are reviewed. Commercial plantations of A. mearnsii in tropical highlands and temperate areas provide high quality tannins for adhesives and leather making and wood for paper pulp, rayon, charcoal and small-utility timbers. Plantations of A. saligna in warm-temperate and semi-arid areas provide stock fodder, soil stabilisation, fuelwood and charcoal. In the humid tropical lowlands of South-east Asia, pulpwood is produced in extensive plantings of A. mangium and in smaller-scale plantations of A. crassicarpa in Indonesia. The human food value of seeds of some dry-zone Australian acacias, such as A. colei, is recognised. Domestication of these and other Australian acacias is at various stages and is influenced by the characteristics of the species, extent of planting and the commercial value of the products. The potential for many acacias to become weeds is recognised. The case studies highlight a number of important aspects in domesticating acacias.

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Dallastra, Lucélia Janes Hans, Tiago Pansard Alves, Jean Gabriel Dal-Pizzol, Bibiana Fonseca, Mauricio Camera, Gutierri Tales Raupp, and Henrique Mendonça Nunes Ribeiro-Filho. "Extrato tanífero de Acacia mearnsii para ovelhas em lactação." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 39, no. 6 (November 30, 2018): 2741. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n6p2741.

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Condensed tannins can reduce protein degradation in the rumen by increasing the duodenal flow of metabolizable proteins and consequently improving animal performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the tannin extract of Acacia mearnsii on lactating ewes receiving a total mixed ration (TMR) containing two concentrations of crude protein. The experimental treatments consisted of a TMR containing 16.4% or 22.3% of crude protein in dry matter either with or without the tannin extract of Acacia mearnsii at 20 g kg-1 dry matter. The extract concentration that guaranteed the daily intake of approximately 15 g of the extract per animal was determined. Eight lactating ewes of the Texel × Lacaune breed in the second third of lactation were distributed in a 4 × 4 Latin square experimental design, with four periods of 19 days, including 14 days of adaptation and 5 days of sample collection. Urinary nitrogen excretion was increased in the animals fed a diet containing a relatively higher protein concentration compared to those receiving a diet with a lower protein concentration. However, milk production and the concentration of milk solids did not vary significantly among treatments. The tannin extract of Acacia mearnsii decreased urinary nitrogen excretion, and consequently reduced the environmental impact of the production system, but did not significantly improve animal performance.

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Viera, Márcio, Mauro Valdir Schumacher, Edenilson Vieira Liberalesso, and Roque Rodríguez-Soalleiro. "MIXED AND MONOSPECIFIC STANDS OF EUCALYPTUS AND BLACK-WATTLE. II - FINE ROOT BIOMASS DENSITY." CERNE 21, no. 2 (June 2015): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/01047760201521021255.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate fine root biomass density (FRBD) in mixed and monospecific stands of Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla and Acacia mearnsii(black wattle) in Bagé-RS (Southern Brazil). An experimental trial was installed with three treatments: 100% Eucalyptus (100E); 100% Acacia mearnsii (100A); 50% Eucalyptus + 50% Acacia mearnsii (50E:50A). The trial was carried using a randomized block design with three replicates. The fine root (≤ 2.0mm) biomass density was determined 8 and 18 months after planting the trees. Soil samples were collected, with a cylindrical extractor auger (d = 7.0 cm), from four depths (0 - 5, 5 - 10, 10 - 20 and 20 - 30 cm) at each sampling point. After 8 months, the FRBD distribution was the same in both species and in all soil layers, reaching the maximum projection at 125 cm from the tree trunk. After 18 months, the root biomass density was higher in the monospecific black wattle stand than in the monospecific eucalyptus stand and the mixed stand. The fine root biomass density was highest in the 5 - 10 cm layer close to the trunk, for the planting row spacing, the planting line and the diagonals between two planting lines. Knowledge about fine root growth and distribution in soil at initial stages of stand development may help in decision-making for intensive forestry, thus ensuring more efficient use of soil resources.

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Yang, Ji Shan. "Community Structures and Erosion Control Ability of Plantations in Xiaojiang Drainage Basin, China." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 4587–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.4587.

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Abstract: Xiaojiang drainage basin is one of the regions suffering from serious erosion and ecological degeneration due to the climate, geological and geomorphological conditions and the heavy human activities. Reforestation, which has been done since 1980s in the region, is an effective measure for the ecological restoration. Four types of plantations, i.e., Eucalyptus spp., Acacia mearnsii, Leucaena leucocephala and Pinus yunnanensis are investigated in the sample plots. Development processes and community structures of the tree layers, shrub layers and grass layers are studied with the “ergodic hypothesis” method and the index of species richness, coverage, importance value and Shannon_Wiener index et al, and erosion control abilities of the four types of plantations are compared in this paper. The result shows that the plantations of Acacia mearnsii and Leucaena leucocephala grow faster, which have higher crown coverages and stronger erosion control abilities than that of Pinus yunnanensis and Eucalyptus spp.. The Pinus yunnanensis plantation has a higher secondary understory biodiversity, the Eucalyptus spp. plantation has a high secondary understory biodiversity, but the plantations of Acacia mearnsii and Leucaena leucocephala have low secondary understory biodiversities. Study in this paper shows that the four types of plantation have distinct effects in promoting plant diversity and have different erosion control abilities. So plantation species selection and association mode should be considered in the process of reforestation for ecological restoration.

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Matsuo, Yosuke, Rie Kusano, Sosuke Ogawa, Yoshikazu Yazaki, and Takashi Tanaka. "Characterization of the α-Amylase Inhibitory Activity of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins from Acacia mearnsii Bark Extract." Natural Product Communications 11, no. 12 (December 2016): 1934578X1601101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1601101219.

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Acacia mearnsii (Fabaceae) contains acacia polyphenols, which are a complex mixture of proanthocyanidins that are mainly composed of 5-deoxycatechin units. In this study, an aqueous extract of A. mearnsii bark was fractionated and the α-amylase inhibitory activity of each fraction was evaluated. The 13C NMR and MS data and the pyrolysis products obtained from the active and inactive fractions were compared. The spectroscopic results clearly indicated that fractions with strong inhibitory activity contained proanthocyanidin oligomers with catechol-type B-rings rather than pyrogallol-type B-rings. HPLC analysis of the pyrolysis products showed peaks for pyrocatechol were only observed in the mixtures obtained from the fractions with high inhibitory activities. In addition, (+)-pinitol was isolated as a major polyol of the extract at a level comparable with that of sucrose.

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Chen, Xiao, Jia Xiong, Lingxiao He, Yu Zhang, Xun Li, Liping Zhang, and Fei Wang. "Effects of In Vitro Digestion on the Content and Biological Activity of Polyphenols from Acacia mearnsii Bark." Molecules 23, no. 7 (July 20, 2018): 1804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071804.

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The stability and bioaccessibility of polyphenol from Acacia mearnsii bark were measured at various stages during in vitro simulated digestion. Subsequently, the changes in the total polyphenol content (TPC) and biological activity were studied. The results showed that the phenolic compounds from A. mearnsii remained stable, and TPC underwent few changes during gastric digestion. Nonetheless, intestinal digestion led to the degradation of proanthocyanidins (PAs) and a significant decrease in TPC (26%). Degradation was determined by normal-phase HPLC and gel permeation chromatography. Only monomers, dimers, and trimers of flavan-3-ols were identified in the serum-accessible fraction for characterization of their bioaccessibility. The results also indicated the obvious antioxidant capacity of PAs from A. mearnsii bark, and ~53% of the α-glucosidase–inhibitory effect was preserved. All these findings show that PAs from A. mearnsii bark as a native plant source may be particularly beneficial for human health as a natural nutritional supplement.

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Pinilla Suárez, Juan Carlos, María Paz Molina Brand, Karina Luengo Vergara, and Mauricio Navarrete. "Evaluación a los tres años de edad de un ensayo de progenies de Acacia mearnsii de Wild establecido en los sauces, región de la Araucanía." Ciencia & Investigación Forestal 21, no. 1 (July 13, 2015): 37–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.52904/0718-4646.2015.432.

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Dentro de sus líneas de trabajo el Instituto Forestal (INFOR) está desarrollando diversas investigaciones orientadas a establecer las bases para el uso en plantaciones de algunas especies del género Acacia como alternativas a las especies forestales tradicionalmente empleadas en las plantaciones en el país. Dentro de este género existen diversas especies forestales de interés comercial, cuya madera presenta usos alternativos y complementarios a las especies tradicionales, agregándose a esto, turnos de cosecha reducidos. Este es el caso de Acacia melanoxylon R.Br., A. mearnsii De Wild. y A. dealbata Link. Las investigaciones realizadas confirman que, desde el punto de vista del crecimiento, de sus aptitudes tecnológicas y sus potencialidades de uso, estas especies se constituyen en una interesante alternativa de producción, lo cual permite orientar a forestadores interesados acerca del cultivo y manejo de este recurso y su potencial productivo. En este contexto y con el fin de mejorar el material de propagación para planes de forestación, se ha establecido en conjunto con la empresa Bosques Cautín SA, un ensayo de progenies (familias) nacionales de Acacia mearnsii en la Región de La Araucanía

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Vargas-Ortiz, Luis, Veronica Andrade-Yucailla, Marcos Barros-Rodríguez, Raciel Lima-Orozco, Edis Macías-Rodríguez, Katherine Contreras-Barros, and Carlos Guishca-Cunuhay. "Influence of Acacia Mearnsii Fodder on Rumen Digestion and Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Production." Animals 12, no. 17 (August 31, 2022): 2250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12172250.

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In recent years, the worrying generation of GHG from ruminant production has generated widespread interest in exploring nutritional strategies focused on reducing these gases, presenting the use of bioactive compounds (tannins) as an alternative in the diet. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of the addition of different levels of Acacia mearnsii on ruminal degradation, nutrient digestibility, and mitigation of greenhouse gas production. A completely randomized design with four treatments and six repetitions was used. The treatments were: T1, T2, T3, and T4 diets with, respectively, 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% A. mearnsii. The rumen degradation kinetic and in vitro digestibility, and the production of gas, CH4, and CO2 were evaluated. In situ rumen degradation and in vitro digestibility of DM and OM showed differences between treatments, with T1 being higher (p < 0.05) in the degradation of the soluble fraction (A), potential degradation (A + B), and effective degradation for the different passage rates in percent hour (0.02, 0.05, and 0.08), compared to the other treatments. Rumen pH did not show differences (p > 0.05) between treatments. The lowest (p < 0.05) gas, CH4, and CO2 production was observed in treatments T1 and T2 with an approximate mean of 354.5 mL gas/0.500 g fermented DM, 36.5 mL CH4/0.500 g fermented DM, and 151.5 mL CO2/0.500 g fermented DM, respectively, compared to treatments T3 and T4. Under the conditions of this study, it was concluded that it is possible to replace traditional forages with up to 20% of A. mearnsii, without observing changes in the production of greenhouse gases with respect to the control treatment (0% of A. mearnsii); however, A. mearnsii is not usable because it significantly decreases rumen degradability of DM and OM, which would considerably affect the production in animals.

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Beck, S. L., and A. Fossey. "Gamma irradiation induces sterility or seedlessness in black wattle (Acacia mearnsii)." Seed Science and Technology 35, no. 2 (July 1, 2007): 351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2007.35.2.10.

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Pedro, Soraia I., Tiago Rosado, Celina Barroca, Duarte Neiva, Vanesa Alonso-Herranz, Ana Gradillas, Antonia García, Jorge Gominho, Eugenia Gallardo, and Ofélia Anjos. "Characterisation of the Phenolic Profile of Acacia retinodes and Acacia mearnsii Flowers’ Extracts." Plants 11, no. 11 (May 28, 2022): 1442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11111442.

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Acacia spp. is an invasive species that is widespread throughout the Portuguese territory. Thus, it is pertinent to better understand this species in order to find different applications that will value its use. To evaluate the phenolic profile in Acacia flowers, ethanolic extracts obtained through an energized guided dispersive extraction were analysed, focusing on two species, Acacia retinodes and Acacia mearnsii, at two flowering stages. The phytochemical profile of each extract was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector. The FTIR-ATR technique was used to distinguish the different samples’ compositions. The results showed the presence of high concentrations of phenolic compounds (>300 mg GAE/g extract), among which are flavonoids (>136 mg QE/g extract), for all combinations of species/flowering stages. The phytochemical profile showed a complex composition with 21 compounds identified and quantified (the predominant ones being epicatechin, rutin, vanillin, and catechol). Both species and flowering stages presented significant variations regarding the presence and quantity of phenols and flavonoids, so much so that a principal component analysis performed with FTIR-ATR spectra data of the extracts was able to discriminate between species and flowering stages.

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Henderson, L. "Invasive alien woody plants of the southern and southwestern Cape region, South Africa." Bothalia 28, no. 1 (October 2, 1998): 91–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v28i1.624.

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The frequency and abundance of invasive alien plants were recorded along roadsides and at watercourse crossings in 82.9% (145/175) of the quarter degree squares in the study area (3I-35°S, 17-25°E and covering ± 90 000 km:). The survey yielded 102 species of which the most prominent (in order of prominence) in roadside and veld (natural and modified) habitats were: Acacia cyclops, A. saligna and A. mearnsii The most prominent species (in order of prominence) in stream- bank habitats were: A. mearnsii, A. saligna and Populus x canescens.

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Briones Vira, Rodrigo Andrés, and Juan Carlos Pinilla Suárez. "Procesos Industriales y Aplicaciones de Acacia en Chile = Industrial processes and aplications of Acacia in Chile." Ciencia & Investigación Forestal 13 (July 3, 2007): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.52904/0718-4646.2007.74.

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El Instituto Forestal desarrolla una línea de investigación con algunas de las especies más conocidas del género Acacia, diferentes trabajos han sido realizados en el área silvícola con buenos resultados y ha sido desarrollada una estrategia para la transferencia y difusión de los resultados con el objeto de promover las plantaciones con estas especies, que representan una buena alternativa para pequeños y medianos propietarios y para suelos degradados, en donde las especies habituales para plantaciones, como pino radiata y eucalipto, ven limitado su potencial de crecimiento. Con el fin de complementar este programa de transferencia, se inició trabajos en los que abordó también el estudio de procesos industriales y aplicaciones de la madera de estas especies con el objeto de generar y transferir información relevante acerca de los productos factibles de obtener a partir de especies del género Acacia que crecen en Chile, de modo de posicionarlas como una alternativa forestal productiva. Esta investigación ha intentado escalar las opciones productivas del recurso forestal compuesto por las especies Acacia dealbata, Acacia melanoxylon y Acacia mearnsii, a través del desarrollo de productos con mayor valor agregado. Para esto se generó la información acerca de las propiedades y aptitudes físico-mecánicas y pulpables de las dos primeras para su uso en la industria del aserrío, tableros, pulpa y papel, y su validación por parte de usuarios, y se identificó las variables que inciden en el porcentaje de taninos obtenibles a partir de la corteza de A. mearnsii en Chile.

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Silva, Dimas Agostinho da, Braulio Otomar Caron, Alexandre Behling, Velci Queiróz de Souza, and Elder Eloy. "Ponto de amostragem ao longo do fuste para estimativa do poder calorífico da madeira." Ciência Rural 42, no. 9 (September 2012): 1588–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782012000900012.

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Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a variação do poder calorífico superior (PCS) ao longo do fuste das espécies florestais Acacia mearnsii De Wild, Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill, Mimosa scabrella Benth. e Ateleia glazioveana Baill e também avaliar o número e as posições das amostras ao longo do fuste para a estimativa do PCS dessas espécies. Para tanto, foram retirados discos de aproximadamente dois centímetros de espessura, ao longo de 0 %, 25 %, 50 % e 75 % da altura total de árvores com um ano de idade para determinação do PCS em bomba calorimétrica (C5000, IKA WORKS). Para Eucalyptus grandis e Ateleia glazioveana, é possível estimar o PCS a partir de um disco, respectivamente, nas posições 50% e 0% da altura total, para Mimosa scabrella em dois discos, nas posições 0+75% e para Acacia mearnsii em três discos, nas posições 0+25+75% da altura total.

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Eloy, Elder, Braulio Otomar Caron, Dimas Agostinho da Silva, Denise Schmidt, Rômulo Trevisan, Alexandre Behling, and Elvis Felipe Elli. "Influência do espaçamento nas características energéticas de espécies arbóreas em plantios de curta rotação." Revista Árvore 38, no. 3 (June 2014): 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-67622014000300018.

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Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o poder calorífico superior (PCS) das árvores e a massa específica básica ponderada (ρb pond) da madeira de Acacia mearnsii De Wild, Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, Mimosa scabrella Benth e Ateleia glazioviana Baill distribuídas em diferentes espaçamentos em plantio: 2,0 x 1,0 m; 2,0 x 1,5 m; 3,0 x 1,0 m; e 3,0 x 1,5 m, nas idades de 1 e 3 anos. O estudo foi conduzido em um experimento localizado no Município de Frederico Westphalen, RS, em delineamento experimental de blocos completos casualizados com três repetições, no esquema de parcelas subdivididas. A determinação do PCS das árvores foi realizada a partir da ponderação dos valores obtidos em cada compartimento (madeira, casca, galho e folha), por meio de bomba calorimétrica. A determinação da ρb pond foi realizada a partir da ponderação dos valores verificados dos discos coletados em diferentes posições ao longo do tronco, usando-se o método da balança hidrostática e massa seca. O PCS de todas as espécies no primeiro ano após o plantio foi superior ao do terceiro ano, destacando-se a Acacia mearnsii com as maiores médias. A ρb pond não apresentou tendência sistemática de aumento ou redução ao longo do tempo e as espécies Acacia mearnsii e Ateleia glazioviana, os maiores valores. Os diferentes espaçamentos de plantio não induziram a variação do PCS e da ρb pond nas espécies estudadas, não sendo verificada tendência sistemática positiva ou negativa em relação ao espaço vital proporcionado pelo espaçamento.

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Ntshanka, Nokhanyo M., Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, Fanyana M. Mthunzi, Makwena J. Moloto, and Kalenga P. Mubiayi. "Investigation into the Phytochemical profile, Antioxidant and Antibacterial potentials of Combretum Molle and Acacia Mearnsii leaf parts." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 13, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 1683–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2043.

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The use of herbal plants in recent years have increased tremendously owing to their user-friendliness, accessibility, and affordability. In this study, the plant species Combretum molle and Acacia mearnsii were phytochemical screened for the existence of active organic compounds, the content of total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidants using different solvents were investigated. The functional groups existing in the plants extracts were identified using FT-IR. The total phenol contents varied from 53.74 ± 5 – 97.29 ± 3 GAE mg/g and 53.74 ± 7 – 98.58 ± 2 GAE mg/g in the extraction powders for C. molle and A. mearnsii. In C. molle, the content of total flavonoids ranged from 76.90 ± 2 – 114.54 ± 0.18 QE mg/g, while 89.40 ± 3 – 105.45 ± 0.15 QE mg/g was found in A. mearnsii. The radical scavenging activities of the solvent extracts against DPPH and the controls revealed that acetone extract of C. molle displayed 99.64% DPPH inhibition, while A. mearnsii showed a maximum activity of 85.53% at 5 µg/ml. The antimicrobial activity of the two plant species was evaluated using diffusion disk and broth dilution methods. The activity by broth dilution of ethanol, methanol and acetone extracts of C. molle exhibited MIC values (39.06 and 78.13 mg/µL) against P. aeruginosa and E. coli strains respectively, while ethanol and chloroform extracts of A. mearnsii showed (39.06 and 78.13 mg/µL) against P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis respectively. Results from this study showed that the leave extracts constitute healthy supplements with antioxidant and antibacterial potentials that could be useful in traditional medicine for the treatment of numerous infectious ailments.

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Ntshanka, Nokhanyo M., Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, Fanyana M. Mthunzi, Makwena J. Moloto, and Kalenga P. Mubiayi. "Investigation into the Phytochemical profile, Antioxidant and Antibacterial potentials of Combretum Molle and Acacia Mearnsii leaf parts." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 13, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 1683–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2043.

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The use of herbal plants in recent years have increased tremendously owing to their user-friendliness, accessibility, and affordability. In this study, the plant species Combretum molle and Acacia mearnsii were phytochemical screened for the existence of active organic compounds, the content of total phenols, flavonoids and antioxidants using different solvents were investigated. The functional groups existing in the plants extracts were identified using FT-IR. The total phenol contents varied from 53.74 ± 5 – 97.29 ± 3 GAE mg/g and 53.74 ± 7 – 98.58 ± 2 GAE mg/g in the extraction powders for C. molle and A. mearnsii. In C. molle, the content of total flavonoids ranged from 76.90 ± 2 – 114.54 ± 0.18 QE mg/g, while 89.40 ± 3 – 105.45 ± 0.15 QE mg/g was found in A. mearnsii. The radical scavenging activities of the solvent extracts against DPPH and the controls revealed that acetone extract of C. molle displayed 99.64% DPPH inhibition, while A. mearnsii showed a maximum activity of 85.53% at 5 µg/ml. The antimicrobial activity of the two plant species was evaluated using diffusion disk and broth dilution methods. The activity by broth dilution of ethanol, methanol and acetone extracts of C. molle exhibited MIC values (39.06 and 78.13 mg/µL) against P. aeruginosa and E. coli strains respectively, while ethanol and chloroform extracts of A. mearnsii showed (39.06 and 78.13 mg/µL) against P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis respectively. Results from this study showed that the leave extracts constitute healthy supplements with antioxidant and antibacterial potentials that could be useful in traditional medicine for the treatment of numerous infectious ailments.

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Oliveira, Leonardo da Silva, Ervandil Corrêa Costa, Edison Bisognin Cantarelli, Edison Rogério Perrando, and Dijalmas Dal Pozza Pacheco. "Ocorrência de Phaops thunbergi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) em Acacia mearnsii De Wild." Ciência Rural 36, no. 3 (June 2006): 971–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782006000300038.

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Observou-se, pela primeira vez, Phaops thunbergi (Dalman, 1823) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) danificando plantas de acácia-negra (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.) no Brasil. A incidência ocorreu no município de Butiá, Rio Grande do Sul (30°13'56.1" Sul, 51°58'34.6" Oeste), em janeiro de 2004.

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Salles, Ecléia Alexandra Poltronieri Buda, Giovana Bomfim Alcantara, Marguerite Germaine Ghislaine Quoirin, Antonio Natal Gonçalves, and Antonio Rioyei Higa. "Desinfestação e introdução in vitro de segmentos nodais de Acacia mearnsii." Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira 37, no. 92 (December 29, 2017): 485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4336/2017.pfb.37.92.1392.

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A dificuldade em produzir clones de Acacia mearnsii por estaquia, em função das baixas taxas de enraizamento, constitui um empecilho para o uso desta técnica. O objetivo deste estudo foi o desenvolvimento de um protocolo de desinfestação para introdução in vitro de segmentos nodais de clones selecionados de A. mearnsii, visando aprimorar o melhoramento genético da espécie para plantios florestais. A desinfestação de propágulos, provenientes de jardim clonal, foi realizada combinando diferentes produtos e concentrações (álcool etílico 70%, hipoclorito de sódio, plant preservative mixture e cloreto de mercúrio), tempo de imersão e tamanho dos segmentos nodais (4 mm e 10 mm). Segmentos nodais de 10 mm responderam melhor ao tratamento de desinfestação, com 80% de sobrevivência, combinando álcool etílico 70%, cloreto de mercúrio a 0,4% e hipoclorito de sódio a 2%.

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Pansera, Marcia Regina, Gelson Antonio Iob, Ana Cristina Atti-Santos, Marcelo Rossato, Luciana Atti-Serafini, and Eduardo Cassel. "Extraction of tannin by Acacia mearnsii with supercritical fluids." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 47, no. 6 (November 2004): 995–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132004000600019.

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Studies were carried out on solvent and supercritical extraction to obtain natural tannins. The results showed that the best co-solvent to extract tannin with CO2 supercritical was water with a concentration of 5.0% and the best trap rinse solvent was methanol.

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Caron, Braulio Otomar, Velci Queiróz de Souza, Elder Eloy, Alexandre Behling, Denise Schmidt, and Rômulo Trevisan. "Resistência inicial de quatro espécies arbóreas em diferentes espaçamentos após ocorrência de geada." Ciência Rural 41, no. 5 (May 2011): 817–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782011000500013.

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A ocorrência de geada, dependendo do grau de dano, pode se tornar um fator limitante para a condução de florestas de curta rotação. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento após ocorrências de geadas das espécies florestais Acacia mearnsii De Wild, Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, Mimosa scabrella Benth e Ateleia glazioveana Baill submetidas a níveis de espaçamento de 2,0x1,0m; 2,0x1,5m; 3,0x1,0 e 3,0x1,5m um ano após o plantio, na região Norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Os danos (resistência a geada) foram avaliados segundo o sistema de notas de 0 a 10, conforme a intensidade do dano na planta. Os graus de resistência à geada foram determinados em função da intensidade do dano na planta. Os níveis de espaçamento estudados não afetaram respostas das espécies em relação ao dano ocasionado por geada. A espécie Mimosa scabrella apresentou ser resistente, enquanto que Eucalyptus grandis e Ateleia glazioveana, tolerantes. Já a Acacia mearnsii apresentou ser moderadamente tolerante a tolerante.

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Beck-Pay, S. L. "Optimisation of pollen viability tests for Acacia podalyriifolia and two ploidys of Acacia mearnsii." South African Journal of Botany 78 (January 2012): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2011.08.001.

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Saidelles, Fabio Luiz Fleig, Marcos Vinicius Winckler Caldeira, Mauro Valdir Schumacher, and Rafaelo Balbinot. "Uso de equações para estimar carbono orgânico em plantações de Acacia mearnsii De Wild. no Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil." Revista Árvore 33, no. 5 (October 2009): 907–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-67622009000500013.

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Para entender a importância das florestas e plantações florestais como sumidouros de carbono, é necessário desenvolver e aprimorar as metodologias de estimativa de biomassa e carbono. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar o estoque de carbono orgânico (CO) em plantações de Acacia mearnsii com 4 anos de idade. A área de trabalho localiza-se na cidade de Arroio dos Ratos, RS, nas coordenadas 30º07'12"de latitude sul e 51º57'45" de longitude oeste, com altitude média de 90 m. Após a realização de inventário florestal, foram abatidas 21 árvores, distribuídas em sete classes diamétricas, para cobrir a heterogeneidade do povoamento. Em seguida, determinaram-se a biomassa e o teor de CO dos componentes: folha, galho vivo, galho morto, madeira, casca e raiz. A estimativa do estoque de CO em povoamentos de Acacia mearnssi e nos seus compartimentos das árvores pode ser realizada por meio de equações matemáticas. O total de CO estocado na biomassa é de 29,79 Mg ha-1, distribuídos da seguinte forma: 64% na madeira, 11% na raiz, 9% na casca, 7% nos galhos vivos e 4% nos galhos mortos e nas folhas.

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Ogawa, Sosuke, Yosuke Matsuo, Takashi Tanaka, and Yoshikazu Yazaki. "Utilization of Flavonoid Compounds from Bark and Wood. III. Application in Health Foods." Molecules 23, no. 8 (July 26, 2018): 1860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23081860.

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Dietary supplements ACAPOLIA® and ACAPOLIA PLUS have been sold in Japan under the classification “Foods in General” for a number of years. In April 2015, the classification of “Foods with Function Claims” was introduced in Japan to make more products available to the public that were clearly labeled with functional claims based on scientific evidence. In order to obtain recognition of ACAPOLIA PLUS under this new classification, the following information needed to be established. The safety of the bark extract of Acacia mearnsii was shown from the history of the long-term safe consumption of the extract as a health supplement, together with several additional clinical safety tests. Robinetinidol-(4α,8)-catechin was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the supplement and was suitable for use as the basis of the quantitative analysis. In clinical tests, the amount of change in the plasma glucose concentration in the initial 60 min after rice consumption by a test group who had been given the Acadia extract was significantly lower than the glucose concentration in the group that was given a placebo. The blood glucose incremental areas under the curve (IAUC) in the first 60 min after rice consumption were also significantly lower in the Acacia group. The functional mechanisms were explained in terms of the inhibition of the absorption of glucose in the small intestine and the reduction in the activity of the digestive enzymes caused by proanthocyanidins derived from A. mearnsii bark. As a result, ACAPOLIA PLUS was accepted as a “Food with Function Claims” in August 2016. ACAPOLIA PLUS is now sold under this new classification. The growth of a typical intestinal bacterium is inhibited by an extract containing flavonoid compounds from A. mearnsii bark; thus, one of the future directions of study must be a comprehensive investigation of the effect that flavonoid compounds, proanthocyanidins, have on intestinal bacteria.

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Dick, Grasiele, and Mauro Valdir Schumacher. "SILVICULTURA DE Acacia mearnsii NO SUL DO BRASIL: BIOMASSA E NUTRIENTES." BIOFIX Scientific Journal 4, no. 2 (March 11, 2019): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/biofix.v4i2.64879.

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A silvicultura de Acacia mearnsii é uma importante atividade econômica no Rio Grande do Sul e a colheita da biomassa deve visar sempre a sustentabilidade nutricional do sítio. O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar o estoque de nutrientes contido na biomassa e a exportação em função de diferentes intensidades de colheita de uma plantação de Acacia mearnsii, na região central do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Nove árvores foram fracionadas em folhas, galhos, casca da madeira e madeira do tronco, de onde foram determinados os pesos secos e teores de nutrientes. A produção total de biomassa é de 174,67 Mg ha-1, onde 72,8% corresponde à madeira do tronco e 12,5% à casca da madeira. Houve maior acúmulo dos nutrientes N, K, Ca e Fe e, o sistema de colheita onde há retirada da casca da madeira e madeira do tronco, preconizado na acacicultura, remove mais de 50% das quantidades de nutrientes acumuladas na biomassa, o que torna indispensável a manutenção dos resíduos (folhas e galhos) sobre o solo.

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Stival, Angela Helena Silva Mendes, Whisley Durães Alceno, Thayrine Dias Carlos, Leydiane Barbosa Bezerra, Grasiele Soares Cavallini, and Renato de Almeida Sarmento. "AVALIAÇÃO DE COAGULANTES A BASE DE TANINO DE ACÁCIA NEGRA (ACACIA MEARNSII) PARA O TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA / EVALUATION OF BLACK ACACIA (ACACIA MEARNSII) TANNIN-BASED COAGULANTS FOR WATER TREATMENT." Brazilian Journal of Development 7, no. 3 (2021): 31611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n3-739.

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SILVEIRA, AMANDA G. DA, ELIO J. SANTINI, STELA M. KULCZYNSKI, RÔMULO TREVISAN, ARCI D. WASTOWSKI, and DARCI A. GATTO. "Tannic extract potential as natural wood preservative of Acacia mearnsii." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 89, no. 4 (December 7, 2017): 3031–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720170485.

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Martins, João Felipe Cardozo, Samuel Alves Da Silva, Vinícius Morais Coutinho, Gabriel Agostini Orso, Alexandre Behling, and Ana Paula Dalla Corte. "CARBONO NOS COMPONENTES DA BIOMASSA DE Acacia mearnsii De Wild." BIOFIX Scientific Journal 5, no. 1 (August 21, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/biofix.v5i1.67131.

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A fixação de carbono na biomassa de espécies florestais pode ser uma importante aliada no combate às mudanças climáticas. Assim, o conhecimento da proporção de carbono nos componentes desta espécie está estreitamente relacionado à precisão da quantificação dos estoques de carbono. Nesse sentido, considerando a aptidão econômica e silvicultural da Acacia mearnsii De Wild. no Brasil, o objetivo do presente estudo é caracterizar a fixação de carbono na biomassa de acácia-negra, por meio da determinação dos teores médios de carbono (TMC) para fuste (TCF) e copa (TCC) e a avaliação da influência da idade e local dos plantios dos mesmos. Para isso, foram amostradas 671 árvores distribuídas em povoamentos com idade entre 1 e 10,75 anos, localizadas em três diferentes locais na região sudeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Árvores foram agrupados proporcionalmente em 4 classes da idade nomeados: Jovem, Média Inicial, Média Avançada e Madura. Os teores de carbono foram obtidos com método destrutivo por meio do analisador de carbono (C-144, LECO). Os valores de TMC variaram entre 44,77% e 46,43%, em relação aos componentes copa e fuste, em todos os grupos de idade a copa apresentou valores estatisticamente superiores ao do fuste. Os fatores local e idade apresentaram efeito ao se tratar do TCC, já para o TCF, apenas o fator local apresentou efeito. A espécie acácia-negra fixa carbono em sua biomassa de modo semelhante aos das principais espécies para o setor florestal brasileiro, o que indica grande potencial para projetos que visam a fixação de carbono na biomassa.

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Schneider, Paulo Renato, Fabiano De Oliveira Fortes, Luis Henrique da Silva Souza, Alessandro Dal’Col Lúcio, César Augusto Guimarães Finger, and Paulo Sérgio Pigatto Schneider. "Análise da mortalidade de Acacia mearnsii De Wild." Ciência Florestal 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2005): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/198050981831.

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A mortalidade de povoamentos de Acacia mearnsii De Wild. foi estudada tomando por base parcelas permanentes estratificadas em diferentes espaçamentos e sítios. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a probabilidade de mortalidade (PM) pode ser estimada por meio de uma função probabilística em relação ao inverso do diâmetro à altura do peito (d) e da idade (t): PM = {1+ EXP (-9,5593 . d-1 + 104,9543 . t-1)}-1. Mediante a correlação de Pearson, verificou-se uma alta associação entre a taxa de mortalidade com a idade, diâmetro médio, altura média, altura dominante, área basal, volume e espaço vital. Constatou-se que a mortalidade está diretamente relacionada com a idade, qualidade do sítio e espaço vital em determinada fase de crescimento das árvores no povoamento.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Acacia mearnsii'

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