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Fang, Lin Luo. "DC-Modulated AC/AC Converters." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 1317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.1317.
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Traditional methods of AC/AC converters have general drawbacks: output voltage is lower than input voltage, the input side THD is poor and output voltage frequency is lower than input voltage frequency by using voltage regulation method and cycloconverters. We introduce the novel approach - DC-modulated AC/AC converters in this paper, which successfully overcomes the drawbacks. Simulation and experimental results of the DC-modulated AC/AC converter are the evidences to verify our design. These methods will be very widely used in industrial applications.
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Ma, Dajun. "Multiport AC-AC-DC Converter for SNOP With One Medium-Frequency Transformer." CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications 7, no. 4 (December 2022): 374–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24295/cpsstpea.2022.00034.
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With the access of increased renewable energy sources, the conventional AC distribution network is hard to flexibly adjust the line voltage and power flow. Therefore, the soft normally open point (SNOP) is applied to increase the flexibility of AC distribution network. The existing converters for SNOP use many submodules (SMs) and passive components, which have the poor economy. On this basis, a multiport AC-AC-DC converter for SNOP with one medium-frequency transformer (MFT) is proposed in this paper. The proposed multiport AC-AC-DC converter is based on the back-to-back (BTB) cascaded H-bridge (CHB) converter structure, and uses several LC resonant circuits and one MFT to replace the multiple DC-DC converters in the existing BTB CHB converters. Therefore, many SMs and passive components can be saved. Moreover, the voltages at multiple AC and DC ports of proposed multiport AC-AC-DC converter are completely decoupled, and the multiple AC and DC systems can be adjusted independently. The detailed circuit structure, control principle and design procedure of multiport AC-AC-DC converter are introduced in this paper. Finally, the simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of multiport AC-AC-DC converter.
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Barrios, Manuel A., Víctor Cárdenas, Jose M. Sandoval, Josep M. Guerrero, and Juan C. Vasquez. "A Cascaded DC-AC-AC Grid-Tied Converter for PV Plants with AC-Link." Electronics 10, no. 4 (February 8, 2021): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10040409.
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Cascaded multilevel converters based on medium-frequency (MF) AC-links have been proposed as alternatives to the traditional low-voltage inverter, which uses a bulky low-frequency transformer step-up voltage to medium voltage (MV) levels. In this paper, a three-phase cascaded DC-AC-AC converter with AC-link for medium-voltage applications is proposed. Three stages integrate each DC-AC-AC converter (cell): a MF square voltage generator; a MF transformer with four windings; and an AC-AC converter. Then, k DC-AC-AC converters are cascaded to generate the multilevel topology. This converter’s topological structure avoids the per-phase imbalance; this simplifies the control and reduces the problem only to solve the per-cell unbalance. Two sets of simulations were performed to verify the converter’s operation (off-grid and grid-connected modes). Finally, the papers present two reduced preliminary laboratory prototypes, one validating the cascaded configuration and the other validating the three-phase configuration.
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Antar, Rakan K. "Speed Control of DC Motor using AC/AC/DC Converter Based on Intelligent Techniques." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2009): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.16.2.02.
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This paper describes the application of ac/ac/dc and ac/dc converters to control the speed of a separately excited DC motor. Artificial neural network and PI controller are trained to select the desired values of firing angles for triggering thyristors of the ac/ac/dc and ac/dc bridge converters in order to control the speed of the dc motor at a desired value with constant and different load torques in order to obtain the best speed response. Simulation results show that the rising time for ac/dc and ac/ac/dc converters at 250rpm are reduced about 79% and 89% respectively, while delay time it reduced about 69% and 64% respectively. Therefore, speed response of the dc motor is more efficient for closed loop system compared with open loop also the response of ac/ac/dc converter is better than ac/dc converter.
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Lin, B. R., and H. H. Lu. "Multilevel AC/DC/AC converter for AC drives." IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications 146, no. 4 (1999): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-epa:19990253.
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Suryadi, Aris, Purwandito Tulus Asmoro, and Agus Sofwan. "Design and Simulation Converter with Buck-boost Converter as The Voltage Stabilizer." International Journal of Electrical, Energy and Power System Engineering 3, no. 3 (October 12, 2020): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/ijeepse.3.3.77-81.
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Buck-boost Converter is the device with the function to convert DC Voltage input to the setpoint DC Voltage output. Buck-boost converter can be used for regulating unstable voltage became a stable voltage by the user’s needs. Using a Buck-boost Converter in the research is about how to apply a Buck-boost Converter of the AC to AC Converter device, AC to AC Converter is the device to convert AC voltage to AC Voltage where the voltage can be modified. In the research, the input Voltage of AC to AC Converter is unstable, so that the output Voltage is unstable too in the range of 190 V to 250 V. To solve this problem, that the Buck-boost can be installed to AC to AC Converter, it is useful to keep output Voltage stable even though the input Voltage is unstable. The AC to AC Converter device in this research consist of Rectifier, Buck-boost Converter, and Inverter. The experiment result of this research show that unstable AC input Voltage, 190 V to 250 V from the source after passing a Rectifier, became an unstable DC input Voltage, then be regulated by Buck-boost Converter became a stable DC Voltage, and then after passing the Inverter, a stable DC Voltage is converted became a stable AC Voltage, corresponding with the set point. For further development, AC to AC Converter combined with Buck-boost Converter can be applied to maintain a standard of Voltage 220 V AC from the sources to keep it stable.
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Burlaka, V. V., S. V. Gulakov, A. Y. Golovin, and D. S. Mironenko. "UNIVERSAL BIDIRECTIONAL DC-AC CONVERTER." IZVESTIYA SFedU. ENGINEERING SCIENCES, no. 5 (November 12, 2023): 204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2311-3103-2023-5-204-213.
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Biswas, Shuvra Prokash, Md Shihab Uddin, Md Rabiul Islam, Sudipto Mondal, and Joysree Nath. "A Direct Single-Phase to Three-Phase AC/AC Power Converter." Electronics 11, no. 24 (December 16, 2022): 4213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11244213.
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The traditional DC-link indirect AC/AC power converters (AC/DC/AC converters) employ two-stage power conversion, which increases the circuit complexity along with gate driving challenges, placing an excessive burden on the processor while implementing complex switching modulation techniques and leads to power conversion losses due to the use of a large amount of controlled power semiconductor switches. On the contrary, the traditional direct AC/AC voltage controllers, as well as frequency changers, suffer from high total harmonic distortion (THD) problems. In this paper, a new single-phase to three-phase AC/AC step-down power converter is proposed, which utilizes a multi-linking transformer and bilateral triode thyristors (TRIACs) as power semiconductor switches. The proposed direct AC/AC power converter employs single-stage power conversion, which mitigates the complexity of two-stage DC-link indirect AC/AC converters and traditional single-stage AC/AC frequency changers. Instead of using high-frequency pulse width modulated gate driving signals, line frequency gate pulses are used to trigger the TRIACs of the proposed AC/AC converter, which not only aids in reducing the power loss of the converter but also mitigates the cost and complexity of gate driver circuits. The proposed AC/AC converter reduces the THD of the output voltage significantly as compared to traditional direct AC/AC frequency changers. The performance of the proposed AC/AC converter is validated against RL and induction motor load in terms of overall THD and individual harmonic components through MATLAB/Simulink environment. A reduced-scale laboratory prototype is built and tested to evaluate the performance of the proposed AC/AC power converter. The experimental and simulation outcomes reveal the feasibility and excellent features of the proposed single-phase to three-phase AC/AC converter topology.
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Mudadla, Dhananjaya, Devendra Potnuru, Raavi Satish, Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz, and Adel El-Shahat. "New Class of Power Converter for Performing the Multiple Operations in a Single Converter: Universal Power Converter." Energies 15, no. 17 (August 29, 2022): 6293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176293.
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Universal power converters (UPCs) have aroused significant attention in performing multiple operations in a single power converter. Furthermore, they contribute to economic operation and improved system performance. In this work, a new configuration of the universal power converter (UPC) was proposed by using a simple switching arrangement. It can perform different modes of operations, such as AC–DC, DC–DC, DC–AC, AC–AC, and cyclo-converter operations. In DC–DC conversion, the proposed configuration can perform buck mode, boost mode, and buck–boost mode of operations. Moreover, in DC–AC conversion, it gives better total harmonic distortion (THD). The effectiveness of the proposed configuration was verified by an extensive simulation, using MATLAB/Simulink environment. A low-power prototype circuit was designed to test the viability of the proposed circuit configuration and validated with simulation results.
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Mathew, Derick, Athira P. Ashok, and Bincy M. Mathew. "Modified Single Stage AC-AC Converter." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v6.i1.pp1-9.
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<p>The paper describes the single stage AC-AC converter. This converter is a good alternative to quasi direct back to back converter. This single stage converter is called Matrix Converter. Matrix converter is an array of controlled semiconductor switches that connects three phase source to the three phase load. This converter provides bidirectional power flow, sinusoidal input and output waveforms and they have no dc link storage elements. Simulation model and results presented showing Venturini control method of matrix converter.</p>
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Akherraz, M. "IGBT Based DC/DC Converter." Sultan Qaboos University Journal for Science [SQUJS] 2 (December 1, 1997): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/squjs.vol2iss0pp49-56.
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This paper presents an in-depth analytical and experimental investigation of an indirect DC-DC converter. The DC-AC conversion is a full bridge based on IGBT power modules, and the AC-DC conversion is done via a high frequency AC link and a first diode bridge. The AC link, which consists of snubbing capacitors and a variable air-gap transformer, is analytically designed to fulfill Zero Voltage commutation requirement. The proposed converter is simulated using PSPICE and a prototype is designed built and tested in the laboratory. PSPICE simulation and experimental results are presented and compared.
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Soomro, Abdul Hameed. "Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of AC-AC Three Phase Matrix Converter with LC Filter driving Static Resistive Load." Quaid-e-Awam University Research Journal of Engineering, Science & Technology 20, no. 2 (December 28, 2022): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52584/qrj.2002.14.
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During the last two decades, it has been seen that power conversion from one form to another form of energy was a serious issue in power electronics. After the production of power converters such as rectifiers that convert AC-DC, inverters that convert DC-AC, voltage regulators, choppers, and cycloconverters make possible power conversion. In 1980, Venturini presented the concept of the Matrix Converter in power electronics; it consists of bidirectional IGBT switches and can conduct current and block reverse and forward voltage. Nowadays matrix converter is frequently utilized for power conversion because it can convert AC-AC, AC-DC, DC-DC, and DC- AC directly without an energy storage device which results in less complexity and cost. In matrix converters, high switching frequency harmonics are produced due to the switching of converters and need to be minimized. In this paper, an LC filter is employed to mitigate the problem of harmonics at the output of the three-phase matrix converter. A three-phase matrix converter with an LC filter is presented in this paper and the SVM technique is used for the generation of pulses. Simulation results are carried out through MATLAB software.
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Sikorski, A., and A. Kuźma. "Cooperation of induction squirrel-cage generator with grid connected AC/DC/AC converter." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 57, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10175-010-0134-z.
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Cooperation of induction squirrel-cage generator with grid connected AC/DC/AC converter The paper presents a squirrel-cage induction machine operating as a generator principally designed for use in small wind and hydroelectric power stations. The main advantages of such a generator are its high reliability, low price and costs of operation and maintenance. The asynchronous generator coupled to the grid through the AC/DC/AC converter is capable of generating energy even at low turbine speed. The results of investigations on the AC/DC and DC/AC converters controlled by linear and nonlinear current regulators are also discussed.
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Eguchi, Kei, Ratanaubol Rubpongse, Akira Shibata, and Yujiro Harada. "An inductor-less universal switched-capacitor converter realizing dc/dc, ac/dc, dc/ac, and ac/ac conversion." Energy Reports 6 (February 2020): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2019.11.052.
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Pote, Dr Ravindra S. "Three Phase Grid Connected Inverter for Solar Photovoltaic Systems." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 1619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46467.
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Abstract: The main aim is to convert the Solar PV DC voltage into AC voltage by using 3 phase inverter and getting sinusoidal AC output voltage. To convert solar PV which is in DC needs to be converted into AC by using the devices like 3 phase inverter and boost converter. The solar PV is a variable DC that is to be converted into pure DC for which will convert variable DC to pure DC. The MPPT is designed and is applied to boost converter which increases the solar PV’s efficiency. Then the output of boost converter which is DC voltage is given to 3 phase inverter. The 3 phase inverter which is connected to output of boost converter will convert the DC voltage into AC and we get sinusoidal AC. A three-phase grid-connected inverter designed for a photovoltaic power plant that features a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme based on fuzzy logic. The whole system simulate in MATLAB. This fuzzy MPPT will shows accurate and fast response, and is integrated in the inverter.
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Marques, Goncalo, Vitor Monteiro, and Joao L. Afonso. "A Full-Controlled Bidirectional Dual-Stage Interleaved Converter for Interfacing AC and DC Power Grids." Energies 17, no. 13 (June 27, 2024): 3169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17133169.
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Power grids are progressing, and the possibility of incorporating DC grids toward hybrid AC/DC grids is gaining increasing relevance, as several technologies available nowadays are operating natively in DC. This paper proposes a topology of a full-controlled bidirectional dual-stage interleaved converter for interfacing hybrid AC/DC grids. The topology is based on a dual-stage architecture, constituted by an AC/DC converter and by a DC/DC converter, both based on interleaved power converters. On the AC side, which is connected to the main AC power grid, the proposed dual-stage architecture operates with sinusoidal current in phase or phase opposition with the voltage, meaning a bidirectional operation. In addition, it has the possibility of interfacing with other AC loads, such as domestic electrical appliances, or with an AC microgrid. The DC link, formed by the AC/DC power stage, is interfaced with a DC power grid, which provides numerous advantages, e.g., for interfacing battery electric vehicles directly charged in DC, as well as other DC loads, such as renewable energy sources. The DC/DC power stage is considered for interfacing with an energy storage system, which is capable of bidirectional power exchange with the DC grid or with the AC grid through the AC/DC power stage. A complete laboratory prototype was designed and developed, with the unified control algorithms implemented on a digital signal processor. The experimental results validated the operation of the full-controlled bidirectional dual-stage interleaved converter based on the specifications for the hybrid AC/DC grid, such as bidirectional operation, synchronization with the AC power grid, predictive current control, interleaved operation on both AC/DC and DC/DC power stages, DC-link voltage control for the DC grid, as well as the operation with different power levels.
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Yu, Dong, Shan Gao, Xin Zhao, Yu Liu, Sicheng Wang, and Tiancheng E. Song. "Alternating Iterative Power-Flow Algorithm for Hybrid AC–DC Power Grids Incorporating LCCs and VSCs." Sustainability 15, no. 5 (March 3, 2023): 4573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15054573.
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AC–DC power-flow calculation is the basis for studying HVDC systems. Since traditional iterative methods need many alternative iterations and have convergence problems, this paper proposes an alternating iterative power-flow algorithm for hybrid AC–DC power grids incorporating line-commutated converters (LCCs) and voltage source converters (VSCs). Firstly, the algorithm incorporates the converter interface model into the AC side, considering the influence of the DC side on the AC side, and establishes an AC-augmented Jacobian matrix model with LCC/VSC interface equation variables. Then, according to the type of converter, control mode, and DC grid control strategy, a DC grid power-flow calculation model under various control modes is established for realizing the power-flow decoupling calculation of AC–DC power grids incorporating LCCs and VSCs. The accuracy and effectiveness of the improved algorithm are evaluated using modified IEEE 57 bus AC–DC networks and the CIGRE B4 DC grid test system. The improved algorithm is applicable to various DC grid control modes and considers the reasonable adjustment of the DC grid variable constraints and operating modes.
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Liao, Yi-Hung. "A Step Up/Down Power-Factor-Correction Converter with Modified Dual Loop Control." Energies 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010199.
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A step up/down AC/DC converter with modified dual loop control is proposed. The step up/down AC/DC converter features the bridgeless characteristic which can reduce bridge-diode conduction losses. Based on the step up/down AC/DC converter, a modified dual loop control scheme is proposed to achieve input current shaping and output voltage regulation. Fewer components are needed compared with the traditional bridge and bridgeless step up/down AC/DC converters. In addition, the intermediate capacitor voltage stress can be reduced. Furthermore, the top and bottom switches still have zero-voltage turn-on function during the negative and positive half-line cycle, respectively. Hence, the thermal stresses can also be reduced and balanced. Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the validity of the proposed step up/down AC/DC converter and its control scheme.
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priya P, Jai. "Modified SEPIC converter fed motor drive using ANN controller." International Scientific Journal of Engineering and Management 03, no. 03 (March 23, 2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/isjem01419.
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Modern day-to-day devices also use an AC source as an input while working with DC voltage. An AC-DC converter is used to get an effective and versatile DC output. Without sacrificing conversion efficiency, however, traditional converters are not suitable for high voltage output. Within this paper a new topology called the Cascaded Boost-SEPIC (CBS) converter is suggested. The converter is validated on the basis of conversion efficiency, minimum THD and maximum power factor. The results obtained evinces the improvement achieved in the power quality. Key Words: AC-DC Converter; ANN (Artificial Neural Network controller); Separately excited DC motor
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Santos, Nelson, J. Fernando Silva, and Vasco Soares. "Control of Single-Phase Electrolytic Capacitor-Less Isolated Converter for DC Low Voltage Residential Networks." Electronics 9, no. 9 (August 29, 2020): 1401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091401.
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In recent years, there has been a desire to improve electricity generation and consumption, to reach sustainability. Technological solutions today allow a rational use of electricity with good overall performance. Traditionally, from production to distribution, electrical energy is AC-supported for compatibility reasons and easy voltage level transformation. However, nowadays most electric loads need DC power to work properly. A single high-efficiency central AC-DC power converter may be advantageous in eliminating several less efficient AC-DC embedded converters, distributed all over a residential area. This paper presents a new single-phase AC-DC converter using one active bridge (most isolated topologies are based on the dual active bridge concept) and a high-frequency isolation transformer with low-value non-electrolytic capacitors, together with its control system design. The converter can be introduced into future low-voltage DC microgrids for residential buildings, as an alternative to several embedded AC-DC converters. Non-linear control techniques (sliding mode control and the Lyapunov direct method) are employed to guarantee stability in the output DC low voltage with near unity power factor compensation in the AC grid. The designed converter and controllers were simulated using Matlab/Simulink and tested in a lab experimental prototype using digital signal processing (DSP) to evaluate system performance.
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Vinodini Bhole. "Augmented SPWM based Hybrid Output Converter for Renewable Energy and Nano-Grid Application." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 3 (May 27, 2024): 2072–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.4007.
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This study suggests a novel Augmented Sine PWM(ASPWM) based Hybrid Output Converter that can concurrently power AC and DC loads. Two boost converters are used in this configuration, and the AC voltage is the differential voltage tapped between the two source nodes (of the MOSFETs) of the individual converters. This converter plays a different role in providing power to AC and DC loads than conventional boost converter. Conventional boost requires a minimum of two stages to step up output DC voltage and inverter stage to convert DC to AC power. This novel hybrid output converter (HOC) skips all stages of boosting the output voltage and next stage of inverter also. HOC consists of two boost converts pumped by two VM(voltage multiplier) stages to get high voltage DC output. This HOC has two inputs, supplied by renewable like solar PV cells and has two outputs to supply AC and DC loads simultaneously. This dual input HOC integrates two renewable inputs for standalone nano grid application. The principle of operation of HOC is augmented sinusoidal pulse width modulation with AC reference signal is shifted by 1800for individual boost converter and augmented by dc offset. The circuit has been extensively simulated in PSIM’22 Matlab Simulink and an experimental prototype of 110W is tested in the laboratory.
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Flaxer, Eli. "Principles, design and implementation of a direct AC-to-AC power converter—Regulated electronic transformer." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 114710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0122782.
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In the last three decades, the energy conversion market has been dominated by switching power converters due to reduction of size and cost of electronic components. This market includes four types of conversion: DC–DC, DC–AC, AC–DC, and AC–AC. While the first three types are applied directly in a single conversion, the AC–AC converter is comprised of two serial converters leading to an AC–DC–AC conversion. This article introduces, for the first time, a real direct single-stage AC–AC conversion electronic transformer. The single stage AC–AC converter is fabricated using a unique high efficiency topology, combined with the advantages of dual-stage power-quality protection. This single-stage AC–AC regulated electronic transformer is stabilized, controlled, protected, and can lock onto any line voltage (110 or 220 V) with a frequency of 45–65 Hz. Stabilization is achieved by fast pulse-width modulation technology, applied by two-way fast solid-state switches. The transformer is controlled by a 150 MHz digital signal processor and is fully protected against overcurrent and output short circuits. Our first stage transformer is a single-phase device with 5 kW power with an efficiency of better than 97% with one-tenth of the weight and volume of present conventional electromechanical transformers.
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Nakamura, Hideo, and Yoshihiro Murai. "Current Resonant DC Link AC/AC Converter without DC Inductance." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 113, no. 5 (1993): 611–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.113.611.
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Sikorski, A., and M. Korzeniewski. "AC/DC/AC converter in a small hydroelectric power plant." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 59, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10175-011-0062-6.
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AC/DC/AC converter in a small hydroelectric power plant The article discusses application of AC/DC/AC converter cooperating with an induction generator in small hydroelectric power plants. The induction generator works with power grid or a separated group of receivers, enabling to generate power even at low speeds of the turbine. The article provides also results of the investigation concerning the functioning of the generator coupled with AC/DC/AC converter in steady and transient states during start-up and voltage decay.
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Hemmati Shahsavar, Tala, Saeed Rahimpour, Naser Vosoughi Kurdkandi, Artem Fesenko, Oleksandr Matiushkin, Oleksandr Husev, and Dmitri Vinnikov. "Comparative Evaluation of Common-Ground Converters for Dual-Purpose Application." Energies 16, no. 7 (March 24, 2023): 2977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16072977.
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The focus of this paper is to provide a comparative analysis of various common-ground converters that serve as dual-purpose power electronic interfaces. These interfaces are designed to be used in both DC and single-phase AC grids, utilizing the same terminals for both modes of operation. The idea lies in the utilization of the same semiconductors in the DC-DC and DC-AC configurations, resulting in minimal redundancy. Particular attention is focused on the comparative evaluation approach. A novel Flying Inductor (FI)-based converter was selected for experimental verification. The design example and experimental prototype of a dual-purpose DC-DC/AC power electronic converter is capable of providing 2 kVA of power in AC mode and 4 kW in DC mode. The experimental results indicate that the converter can operate in both AC and DC grids according to their respective modes. The conclusion of the study highlights the potential applications and main benefits of this technology.
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Nakamura, H., Y. Murai, and T. A. Lipo. "Quasi current resonant DC link AC/AC converter." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 9, no. 6 (November 1994): 594–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/63.334774.
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Le, Phuong Minh, Dzung Quoc Phan, Huy Minh Nguyen, and Phong Hoai Nguyen. "Designing an uninterruptible power supply based on the high efficiency push–pull converter." Science and Technology Development Journal 16, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v16i3.1610.
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This paper presents an implementation of the DC/DC push–pull converter for an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Some classical DC/DC converters are presented and analyzed for pointing out their advantages and drawbacks. Besides, an original system based on a push-pull converter associated with a dynamic modulation control is chosen. The main advantage is the possibility to control the delivered electric power in a wide range from very low level to high level of voltage within the same basic architecture. It can reduce the switching power losses and increase the power conversion efficiency. This paper proposed a new control scheme of the DC/DC converter and DC/AC inverter. The suggested system consists of a high efficiency DC/DC converter and a singlephase DC/AC inverter has been simulated using Matlab/Simulink and designed basing on the DSP TMS320F28027. Both results show high performances of the DC link and AC load voltages, when load changes from zero to rated. The performance of the proposed system has been verified through a 1kW prototype of the system for a 50 Hz/220-230 VAC load sourcing by two series connected batteries of 12V. The proposed DC/DC converter achieves a high efficiency of 93.0%. The system including the DC/DC converter and DC/AC inverter achieves an efficiency of 91.2% and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of AC load voltage reached 1.9%.
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Szczesniak. "Challenges and Design Requirements for Industrial Applications of AC/AC Power Converters without DC-Link." Energies 12, no. 8 (April 25, 2019): 1581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12081581.
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AC/AC converters that do not have a DC energy storage element, such as a matrix chopper and a matrix converter, are increasingly becoming alternatives to conventional two-stage AC/DC/AC converters and thyristor choppers. In such systems, the main DC-link capacitor does not exist, so the system provides more reliable operation and makes it possible to reduce the financial costs of its construction. It should be noted that AC/AC converters without an energy storage element in a form of DC-link capacitors have not been implemented on an industrial scale. The reasons involve technical aspects and cost components. The main aim of this paper is to present some of the challenges and selected design requirements for industrial applications of AC/AC high reliability power converters.
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Feng, Wang, and Luo Yutao. "Modelling of a Power Converter with Multiple Operating Modes." World Electric Vehicle Journal 9, no. 1 (June 5, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj9010007.
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In order to achieve DC voltage matching, on-board charging, and DC/AC power inversion, three independent power converters are often needed in traditional Distributed Power Converter (DPC) systems of electric vehicles (EVs): bidirectional DC/DC (Bi-DC/DC), AC/DC, and DC/AC. The requirement of electronic devices such as power switches, inductors, and capacitors make the converter costly and complicated in structure. In this paper, a power converter with multi-operating mode (PCMM) is presented. The proposed PCMM can work in Bi-DC/DC, AC/DC, and DC/AC modes. The state-space averaging model of PCMM considering resistance of Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and the inductor is presented. Based on this model, the transfer function of the system is derived and the controller is designed. The simulation and experimental results show that PCMM can meet the design target and verify the feasibility of the model. The measurement results show that the weight of PCMM proposed in this paper is reduced by 51.2% compared with the traditional structure.
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Komarzyniec, Grzegorz, and Michał Aftyka. "Operating Problems of Arc Plasma Reactors Powered by AC/DC/AC Converters." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (May 9, 2020): 3295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093295.
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The scientific objective was to investigate the cooperation of three-electrode plasma reactors with gliding arc discharge powered from multi-phase AC/DC/AC converters. In order to achieve the scientific and practical goal of the project, a test stand was designed and built, which included: a multi-electrode GlidArc type plasma reactor; a power-electronic AC/DC/AC converter, working as a source of voltage or current with regulated parameters of energy transferred to the discharge space; reactor operation diagnostics systems; and a process gas feeding and flow control system. The GlidArc Plasma Reactor has shown high sensitivity to changes in many electrical as well as gas chemical, gas-dynamic and mechanical parameters. The AC/DC/AC converter turned out to be a system sensitive to interference generated by the plasma reactor. It can be noticed that the operation of the reactor in certain conditions causes bigger interferences of the converter. However, it is difficult to systematise the influence of particular parameters of the reactor’s operation on the operation of the AC/DC/AC converter and vice versa due to mutual correlations of many parameters. The correct operation of a plasma reactor depends on the characteristics of the power supply system; on the other hand, the power supply system reacts to such an untypical receiver as a plasma reactor.
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İskender, İres, Yıldürüm Üçtug˘, and H. Bülent Ertan. "Steady‐state modeling of a phase‐shift PWM parallel resonant converter." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 25, no. 4 (October 1, 2006): 883–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321640610684051.
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PurposeTo derive an analytical model for a dc‐ac‐dc parallel resonant converter operating in lagging power factor mode based on the steady‐state operation conditions and considering the effects of a high‐frequency transformer.Design/methodology/approachA range of published works relevant to dc‐ac‐dc converters and their control methods based on pulse‐width‐modulation technique are evaluated and their limitations in output measurement of higher output voltage converters are indicated. The circuit diagram of the converter is described and the general mathematical model of the system is obtained by deriving and combining the mathematical models of the different converter blocks existing in the system. The derived mathematical model is used to study the steady‐state and transient performance of the converter. The deriving procedure of the analytical model for a parallel resonant converter is extensively given and the analytical model obtained is verified by simulation results achieved using MATLAB/SIMULINK and the program written by the authors.FindingsThe paper suggests an analytical model for dc‐ac‐dc parallel resonant converters. The model can be used in the output voltage estimation of a converter in terms of its phase‐shift angle and the dc‐link voltage.Research limitations/implicationsThe resources in the library of the authors' university and also the English resources relative to dc‐ac‐dc converters reachable through the internet were researched.Practical implicationsThe analytical model suggested can be used in estimating the output voltage of the converters used in high‐voltage applications or where there are difficulties in employing sensors in measurement of the output voltage due to high price or implementation problems.Originality/valueThe originality of the paper is to present an analytical model for dc‐ac‐dc parallel resonant converters. Using this model makes it possible to estimate the output voltage of the converter using the dc‐link voltage and the phase‐shift angle. The proposed model provides researchers to regulate the output voltage of the converters using feed‐forward control technique.
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Mahobia, S. K., and G. R. Kumrey. "STUDY AND PERFORMANCE OF SINGLE-PHASE RECTIFIERS WITH VARIOUS TYPE OF PARAMETER." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 3, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v3.i1.2016.39.
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This paper represents the study of different types of single phase AC to DC step down converter. Performances and outputs have analyzed depending on the equations. Different parameters such as voltage gain, harmonic contents in input current, and parameters of changing output voltage are compared different type of single phase AC to DC converters. AC to DC converter is defined as rectifier. The main power supply system is alternating in nature. Rectification action is required to obtain DC supply from the main power supply which issinusoidal.
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Chen, Tsung Cheng, Gwo Jen Chiou, Chen Chih Yang, and Jeng Yue Chen. "A Novel Three-Phase AC/AC Converter Using Six Switches." Advanced Materials Research 591-593 (November 2012): 1776–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.591-593.1776.
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In this paper, a novel three-phase AC/AC converter is proposed. The proposed converter consists of six power switches, three capacitors, three input inductors and three output inductors. The proposed converter has several advantages such as sinusoidal input-output current, adjustable frequency, unity input power factor and lower switch cost etc. Based on the sinusoidal pulse width modulation techniques and zero vector control strategy, the converter combines three-phase AC/DC converter and three-phase DC/AC inverter to generate a single-stage converter controlled in the same period. By fixed capacitor ratio, the duty functions of converter and inverter are operated in optimum period for more stable control. The software VisSim and TI TMS320F2812 are adopted to implement the proposed converter. Besides, the mathematic model of the proposed converter is established by the state average technique. Finally, some experimental results are compared with the proposed theory for verification.
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Barros, João Dionísio Simões, Luis Rocha, and J. Fernando Silva. "Backstepping Control of NPC Multilevel Converter Interfacing AC and DC Microgrids." Energies 16, no. 14 (July 20, 2023): 5515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16145515.
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This work introduces modified backstepping methods to design controllers for neutral point clamped (NPC) converters interfacing a DC/AC microgrid. The modified backstepping controllers are derived from a proper converter model, represented in dq coordinates, and are designed to regulate the DC voltage and to balance the two NPC converter DC capacitor voltages through a DC offset in the sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) carriers. The averaged and separated dynamics backstepping controllers also enforce nearly sinusoidal AC currents at a given power factor. The two proposed NPC converter controllers are evaluated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations and experimental implementation using a laboratory prototype. Simulations and experimental results show that the two modified backstepping controllers regulate the microgrid DC voltage in steady state and in transient operation, even with load disturbances or DC voltage reference changes, while enforcing nearly AC sinusoidal currents at a given power factor or injected reactive power. The modified backstepping-controlled NPC converter is bidirectional, converting energy from DC renewable energy sources or storage systems to AC or charging storage systems from AC. The results also highlight the effective balancing of the NPC DC capacitor voltages.
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Sivapriyan, R., and D. Elangovan. "Impedance-Source DC-to-AC/DC Converter." Electronics 8, no. 4 (April 16, 2019): 438. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8040438.
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This article presents a novel impedance-source-based direct current (DC)-to-alternating current (AC)/DC converter (Z-Source DAD Converter). The Z-Source DAD converter converts the input DC voltage into AC or DC with buck or boost in the load voltage. This Z-Source DAD conversion circuit is a single-stage power conversion system. This converter circuit converts the input DC voltage into variable-magnitude output DC voltage or converts the DC voltage into a variable-magnitude output AC voltage. The higher voltage magnitude in boost mode can be controlled by controlling the shoot-through (ST) state timing of the converter. MATLAB-Simulink simulation and microcontroller-based hardware circuit results are presented to demonstrate power conversion with the buck and boost features of the Z-Source DAD converter for both types of output voltages. The simulation and experimental results show that the Z-Source DAD converter converts the given DC supply into AC or DC with buck or boost in the output load voltage.
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Uddin, Md Shihab, Shuvra Prokash Biswas, Md Rabiul Islam, Md Shamim Anower, Abbas Z. Kouzani, and M. A. Parvez Mahmud. "A New Generalized Step-Down Single-Stage AC/AC Power Converter." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (November 4, 2020): 9181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219181.
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Most traditional AC/AC power converters suffer from power quality problems and multi-stage power conversion losses. The rectifier and inverter-based AC/AC converter topology not only increases multi-stage power conversion losses, but also increases the volume, weight, and cost, and decreases the longevity of the converter due to the DC-link capacitor, line filter and electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter. High-frequency (about 10 kHz) switching advanced pulse width modulation techniques are generally used in order to compensate the power quality problems, which increase the switching losses and introduce the EMI problems. In this paper, a new generalized step-down single-stage line-frequency switching AC/AC power converter topology is proposed. The proposed converter uses line-frequency switching, and does not require any pulse width modulation techniques. The proposed topology offers promising performances in terms of lower order harmonics, total harmonic distortion, the elimination of DC-link capacitors and EMI filters, and switching losses. The circuit was designed and simulated in a MATLAB/Simulink environment. A scaled-down laboratory prototype of the proposed topology was developed in order to validate the feasibility. The experimental and simulation results reveal the feasibility of the proposed generalized step-down single-stage converter topology, and its excellent features.
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Domino, A., K. Zymmer, and M. Parchomiuk. "Selected converter topologies for interfacing energy storages with power grid." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 65, no. 5 (October 1, 2017): 579–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bpasts-2017-0063.
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Abstract The paper presents different solutions applicable in power converter systems for connecting power grids with energy storage systems such as superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), supercapacitor energy storage (SES) or chemical batteries. Those systems are characterized by bidirectional current flow between energy storage and power grid. Two-level converters (AC-DC and DC-AC converters) dedicated for low power energy storage compatible with 3×400 V-type power grids are proposed. High power systems are connected with 3×6 kV-type power grids via transformers that adjust voltage to the particular energy storage or directly, based on multilevel power converters (AC-DC and DC-AC) or dual active bridge (DAB) systems. Solutions ensuring power grid compatibility with several energy storage systems of the same electrical parameters as well as of different voltage-current characteristics are also proposed. Selected simulation results illustrating operation of two system topologies of 200 kW power for two-level converter and neutral point clamped (NPC) three-level converter are presented.
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Li, Xiangkun, Weimin Wu, Houqing Wang, Ning Gao, Henry Shu-hung Chung, and Frede Blaabjerg. "A New Buck-Boost AC/DC Converter with Two-Terminal Output Voltage for DC Nano-Grid." Energies 12, no. 20 (October 9, 2019): 3808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203808.
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Due to the development and deployment of renewable DC power sources and their inherent advantages for DC loads in applications, the DC nano-grid has attracted more and more research attentions; especially the topologies of AC/DC converters are increasingly studied. When designing an AC to DC converter for a DC nano-grid system, the grounding configuration, which determines the costs, the efficiency as well as the safety, plays an important role. A three-terminal output AC to DC converter based on united grounding configuration has been presented for DC nano-grid. However, it has to be pointed out that the three-terminal output DC nano-grid is not as popular as the two-terminal DC output one, due to the infrastructure consideration. This paper proposes a new Buck-Boost AC to DC converter with two-terminal output voltage for DC nano-grid. The operating principle, the steady-state analysis, and the small signal modelling for the proposed converter working in continuous conduction mode are presented in detail. A 220 V/50 Hz/800 W prototype was fabricated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter.
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Smoleński, R., M. Jarnut, G. Benysek, and A. Kempski. "CM voltage compensation in AC/DC/AC interfaces for smart grids." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 59, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 513–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10175-011-0063-5.
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CM voltage compensation in AC/DC/AC interfaces for smart grids In this paper the results of research connected with common mode (CM) interference generated by four-quadrant frequency converters and effective methods of CM voltage compensation are presented. The obtained results show that conducted CM interference generated by these converters in a low voltage (LV) grid can be transferred by means of parasitic couplings into a medium voltage (MV) network and can be observed at distant points under overhead MV lines. The compensation of the CM voltage sources on both the input and the output sides of the AC/DC/AC converter using proposed arrangement of compensators significantly reduces unwanted, EMC related, side effects accompanying the application of AC/DC/AC interfaces in Smart Grids.
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Gerber, Daniel L., Fariborz Musavi, Omkar A. Ghatpande, Stephen M. Frank, Jason Poon, Richard E. Brown, and Wei Feng. "A Comprehensive Loss Model and Comparison of AC and DC Boost Converters." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 3131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113131.
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DC microgrids have become a prevalent topic in research in part due to the expected superior efficiency of DC/DC converters compared to their AC/DC counterparts. Although numerous side-by-side analyses have quantified the efficiency benefits of DC power distribution, these studies all modeled converter loss based on product data that varied in component quality and operating voltage. To establish a fair efficiency comparison, this work derives a formulaic loss model of a DC/DC and an AC/DC PFC boost converter. These converters are modeled with identical components and an equivalent input and output voltage. Simulated designs with real components show AC/DC boost converters between 100 W to 500 W having up to 2.5 times more loss than DC/DC boost converters. Although boost converters represent a fraction of electronics in buildings, these loss models can eventually work toward establishing a comprehensive model-based full-building analysis.
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Jadidi, Saeedreza, Hamed Badihi, and Youmin Zhang. "Passive Fault-Tolerant Control Strategies for Power Converter in a Hybrid Microgrid." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 27, 2020): 5625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215625.
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Control of AC/DC pulse-width modulation (PWM) power electronic converter, referred to as “AC/DC PWM converter”, is vital to the efficient regulation of power flow between AC and DC parts of a hybrid microgrid. Given the importance of such converters in AC/DC microgrids, this paper investigates the design of fault-tolerant control for AC/DC PWM converters in the presence of microgrid faults. In particular, two novel fault-tolerant schemes based on fuzzy logic and model predictive control are proposed and implemented in an advanced hybrid microgrid benchmark in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The considered hybrid microgrid consists of dynamic loads and distributed energy resources including solar photovoltaic arrays, wind turbines, and battery energy storage systems. The proposed schemes especially target the fault effects due to common power-loss malfunctions in solar photovoltaic arrays in the presence of microgrid uncertainties and disturbances. The effectiveness of proposed fault-tolerant control schemes is demonstrated and compared under realistic fault scenarios in the hybrid microgrid benchmark.
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Santos, Arthur, Gerald Duggan, Stephen Frank, Daniel Gerber, and Daniel Zimmerle. "Endpoint Use Efficiency Comparison for AC and DC Power Distribution in Commercial Buildings." Energies 14, no. 18 (September 16, 2021): 5863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185863.
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Advances in power electronics and their use in Miscellaneous Electric Loads (MELs) in buildings have resulted in increased interest in using low-voltage direct current (DC) power distribution as a replacement for the standard alternating current (AC) power distribution in buildings. Both systems require an endpoint converter to convert the distribution system voltage to the MELs voltage requirements. This study focused on the efficiency of these endpoint converters by testing pairs of AC/DC and DC/DC power converters powering the same load profile. In contrast to prior studies, which estimated losses based on data sheet efficiency and rated loads, in this study, we used part load data derived from real-world time-series load measurements of MELs and experimentally characterized efficiency curves for all converters. The measurements performed for this study showed no systematic efficiency advantage for commercially available DC/DC endpoint converters relative to comparable, commercially available AC/DC endpoint converters. For the eight appliances analyzed with the pair of converters tested, in 50%, the weighted energy efficiency of the DC/DC converter was higher, while, for the other 50%, the AC/DC converter was. Additionally, the measurements indicated that the common assumption of using either data sheet efficiency values or efficiency at full load may result in substantial mis-estimates of the system efficiency.
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Mahmud, Tahmin, and Hang Gao. "A Comprehensive Review on Matrix-Integrated Single-Stage Isolated MF/HF Converters." Electronics 13, no. 1 (January 4, 2024): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13010237.
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A matrix-integrated single-stage isolated MF/HF AC-AC/DC-AC/AC-DC converter topology stands out as an innovative concept, offering a multitude of advantages including minimal output current THDs, near UPF, 4Q operation, smooth BPF capability, and increased power density leading to the converter’s enhanced efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and reliability. These characteristics render it an exemplary choice for RE-based power conversion applications. In fact, the matrix-integrated single-stage isolated MF/HF converters have witnessed an increased adoption of RE-based grid interconnection in recent years, specifically within solar PV, WECS, grid-tied offshore WF, and FC-based applications. RE sources produce variable and intermittent AC power by nature, further necessitating conversion to a stable and grid-compatible AC voltage and frequency. This is where MCs offer distinct advantages when contrasted with the conventional indirect dual-stage VSC-based rectifier–inverter topology. In this paper, a total of 22 matrix-integrated HF isolated converter topologies are broadly explored. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis and classification of matrix-integrated isolated single-stage MF/HF AC-AC converters, DC-AC inverters, and AC-DC rectifier topologies including modified topology architectures, control method, modulation techniques along with significant applications. Within this scope, the matrix-integrated converter topologies are categorized based on their architectures and other relevant subvariants. Our primary objective of this study is to impart a clear understanding of the overarching framework and principles of the matrix-integrated single-stage isolated MF/HF converter topologies and stimulate the creation of new topologies that cater to specific requirements for grid-interconnected systems.
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Chen, Xiaojiao. "Transient DC Over-Voltage Protection for ITER PF AC/DC Converter." CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications 6, no. 4 (December 2021): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24295/cpsstpea.2021.00026.
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The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) poloidal field (PF) AC/DC converters are composed by thyristor-based phase controlled converter modules. As the core component of ITER PF AC/DC converter, the thyristor is very sensitive to over-voltage and damaged in microseconds, therefore, the transient over-voltage protection strategy is desperately essential to ensure the converter safety operation. In this paper, a nanosecond respond and high reliability protection strategy which combined by Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV) and external bypass is proposed to protect the ITER PF AC/DC converter from transient DC over-voltage. The MOV is designed to certify the fast respond in nanosecond. Moreover, a bidirectional BreakOver Diode (BOD) circuit board is designed to activate external bypass to ensure the reliability of the transient DC over-voltage protection strategy. The performance-testing platform is built to study its performance. The experiments on ITER PF AC/DC converter test facility are carried out. According to the experiment results, the external bypass is triggered by BOD board effectively and the load current is transferred to the external bypass in 2 us when BOD suffers from an over-voltage. The effectiveness of the proposed transient DC over-voltage protection strategy is verified.
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Saravanan, V., K. M. Venkatachalam, M. Arumugam, M. A. K. Borelessa, and K. T. M. U. Hemapala. "Review of impedance source power converter for electrical applications." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v10.i4.pp310-334.
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<p>Power electronic converters have been actively researched and developed over the past decades. There is a growing need for new solutions and topography to increase the reliability and efficiency of alternatives with lower cost, size and weight. Resistor source converter is one of the most important power electronic converters that can be used for AC-DC, AC-AC, DC-DC and DC-DC converters which can be used for various applications such as photovoltaic systems, wind power systems, electricity. Vehicles and fuel cell applications. This article provides a comprehensive overview of Z-source converters and their implementation with new configurations with advanced features, emerging control strategies and applications.</p>
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Estabragh, Mohsen Rezaie, Ali Dastfan, and Morteza Rahimiyan. "Grid-Tied Hybrid AC-DC Microgrid: Finding Optimal Number of Parallel-Connected AC-DC Bidirectional Interfacing Converters." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2022 (June 2, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1932818.
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Linking AC and DC microgrids via a bidirectional AC-DC interfacing converter has emerged the hybrid AC-DC microgrid. The DC bus is connected to the grid by a series converter to mitigate the grid voltage’s power quality problems. To enhance the reliability and to increase transferring active and nonactive powers between DC and AC main buses, the AC-DC bidirectional interfacing converters are connected in parallel. In this paper, the optimal number (n) of parallel-connected bidirectional interfacing converters is obtained to minimize the annual cost of investment and the reliability cost. A two-step deciding algorithm is proposed to find n. First, active and nonactive powers between DC and AC buses are obtained with power quality and power flow considerations. Based on two types of powers, two reliability indices are calculated, including the expected energy shortage (EES) based on active power and the expected Volt-Amps shortage (EVAS) based on nonactive power. The sum of two reliability index costs is considered as the reliability cost. Next, a decision-making strategy is executed to determine the optimal n by making a trade-off between minimization of two objectives: the annual cost of investment and the reliability cost. The simulations of a grid-tied hybrid AC-DC microgrid are done with the experimental measurement data of DC and AC loads and distributed generations. Simulation results verify the performance of the represented approach.
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T., Jayachitra, and Eassaki Muthu Pandi A. "A Three Level AC-DC Converter Using Independent Controller." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 3, no. 1 (2015): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.311526.
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Here an improved three-level incorporated ac–dc converter is presented. This converter improving or boosting power factor correction. And also this converter topology is advanced than previous ac-dc converters for the most part the converter is functioning with two independent controllers which are combined in a single converter. Input controller does PFC and regulates dc bus, output controller regulates the output voltage. Converter function is explained and power factor is improved in this paper. Finally the efficiency of the new converter is compared with that of previously proposed converter. Simulation results are obtained using mat lab.
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Chen, Rong, and Jia Sheng Zhang. "DC/AC Converter Based on Buck Regulator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 392 (September 2013): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.392.435.
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The introduction of DC/AC converter based on buck regulator is firstly shown, and the analysis of the converters working principle is taken. The control method applied for DC/AC converter based on buck regulator is studied also. The control effect of the open-loop proportional-differential control and closed-loop proportional-integral control are compared by using PSIM software. The parameters adopted in the realistic simulation, waveforms such as voltage of modulation reference and load were given. The simulation results proved that adopting the DC/AC converter could achieve a good performance and can gain a line frequency as 50Hz and the correctness of theoretical analysis.
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Petrauskas, Gytis, Gytis Svinkunas, Audrius Jonaitis, and Andreas Giannakis. "Application of Novel AC–AC Matrix VFD for Power Factor Improvement in Conventional AC–DC–AC VFD-Loaded Power Distribution Lines." Electronics 11, no. 7 (March 23, 2022): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11070997.
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In this study, an innovative approach to matrix-converter-based AC-–AC variable frequency drives (VFDs) is introduced. The possibility of using AC–AC matrix VFDs for reactive power compensation in conventional AC–DC–AC VFD-loaded power distribution lines is investigated. It is found that the interaction of a large number of conventional AC–DC–AC VFDs with a conventional capacitor-based local compensation device leads to overcompensation in 0.4 kV power distribution lines. This is due to the fact that the conventional compensation device is designed to compensate the lagging reactive power produced by inductive loads, such as AC motors. This highlights the demand for the compensation of leading reactive power that is not predicted by the designer. To solve this problem, the modification of a certain number of previously installed VFDs by replacing their conventional AC–DC–AC converters with AC–AC matrix converters is proposed. This can lead to improvements in the power factor in 0.4 kV power distribution lines. In this study, the range of reactive power produced by conventional AC–DC–AC VFDs was determined mathematically, by simulation, and experimentally. The range of reactive power produced by the novel AC–AC matrix VFD was also determined. On that basis, the number of VFDs to be modified is defined to keep the power factor close to unity.
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Roy, Gaurav Kumar, Marco Pau, Ferdinanda Ponci, and Antonello Monti. "A Two-Step State Estimation Algorithm for Hybrid AC-DC Distribution Grids." Energies 14, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 1967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071967.
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Direct Current (DC) grids are considered an attractive option for integrating high shares of renewable energy sources in the electrical distribution grid. Hence, in the future, Alternating Current (AC) and DC systems could be interconnected to form hybrid AC-DC distribution grids. This paper presents a two-step state estimation formulation for the monitoring of hybrid AC-DC grids. In the first step, state estimation is executed independently for the AC and DC areas of the distribution system. The second step refines the estimation results by exchanging boundary quantities at the AC-DC converters. To this purpose, the modulation index and phase angle control of the AC-DC converters are integrated into the second step of the proposed state estimation formulation. This allows providing additional inputs to the state estimation algorithm, which eventually leads to improve the accuracy of the state estimation results. Simulations on a sample AC-DC distribution grid are performed to highlight the benefits resulting from the integration of these converter control parameters for the estimation of both the AC and DC grid quantities.