Journal articles: 'Abused children'

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Osmanoğlu, Devrim Erginsoy. "Child Abuse and Children’s Strategies to Cope with Abuse." World Journal of Education 9, no. 1 (January 18, 2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wje.v9n1p28.

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health, life, development and / or dignity. The prevention of abuse will be possible through the recognition of abuseand abuser by the child and strengthening of the active strategies used by the child to act against them. In line withthe general purpose of the study, answer to the questions “Which age groups from among the elementary school andsecondary school students are under the risk in terms of being abused?”, “Which type of abuse is frequentlyexperienced by the child?”, “Who are the abusers?”, “What are the strategies used by the child abused to cope withthe incidence of abuse?” were sought. An opinion form consisted of 8 questions was used in the current research.The data collected from a total of 616 students were subjected to content analysis. According to the results obtained75% of the children from different age groups were found to have been subject to abuse and all the age groups weremost abused by their peers, followed by family members and relatives.

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Giang, Ho Tra. "Research on Ways to Educate Children on How to Avoid Sexual Abuse: A Case of Vietnamese Children." International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education 14, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 780–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/int-jecse/v14i1.221091.

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All children in the community are at risk of being sexually abused, including those living in poor or well-to-do families. Not only girls but also male children can become victims of sexual abuse. Child sexual abuse not only causes scars on their bodies, but also children who suffer the scars. It is worth mentioning that after being abused, victims often do not or dare to talk about what happened to them. Most sexual abusers are men and most children are abused by people they know, like relatives, family friends, or neighbours, etc. Sometimes this abuse goes on for a long time, even years. A common trick of the subjects is to take advantage of their trust or influence to seduce and threaten to commit acts of sexual abuse against children. The article analyzes the factors leading to this situation, especially in Vietnam, in order to find suitable solutions. The results show that close coordination between family, school and society plays an important role.

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Sumon, Md Syedur Rahaman, Zamilur Rahman, Md Belayet Hossain Khan, and Sohel Mahmud. "Forensic Study of Child Abuse in Bangladesh." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ETHICS, TRAUMA & VICTIMOLOGY 6, no. 02 (December 25, 2020): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18099/ijetv.v6i02.5.

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Introduction:The future reflection of nation child has some common problem like under-nutrition, infections, as well as abuse or maltreatment is equally important. World Health Organization (WHO) reported that worldwide, approximately 20% of women and 5–10% of men report being sexually abused in childhood? In Bangladesh, a large number of children are exposed to severe forms of sexual, physical and mental abuses at home, in the work place, in institutions and other public places. Methods and Results: A total of 96 children below 18 years above 5 years were included in this research. All the statements made by semi structured interviews and physical examination. About 6% child reported they are referred as idiot and called them foul name being considering them emotionally abused child. 34% child considering physically abused (by burn 34% and by beating 55%). 60% child considering sexually abused. Among them depending on the type of sexual abuse 12% reported someone trying to touch or kissing or even touched their private body parts, 27% reported someone trying to show naked or dirty pictures to them by using mobile, 61% reported that someone put or forced his private organ inside their mouth (11%), anus (32%) or vagina (57%). Conclusion: Child abuse is a global problem. Not in the world but also in Bangladesh. So Bangladesh government should give special attention to safety of child. To prevent child abuse in social life like children on the street, children at work, and children in institutional is a punishable act as per the Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses Act in our parliament.

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Hughes, John Russell, Kenneth G. Busch, Robert John Zagar, William M. Grove, and Jack Arbit. "Looking Forward in Records of Youth Abused as Children: Risks for Homicidal, Violent, and Delinquent Offenses." Psychological Reports 104, no. 1 (February 2009): 77–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.104.1.77-101.

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To study risks of abuse, violence, and homicide, 181 Abused Children ( M age= 12.85 yr., SD = 2.14; 58 girls, 123 boys) were matched with 181 clinic-referred Controls. Data analysis was Shao's bootstrapped logistic regression with area under curve ( AUC) and odds ratios ( OR). Predictors of abused status were court contacts ( OR = 2.04e+22) and poorer executive function ( OR = .81; AUC=.99; 95% CI = .91−.99). Groups were tracked forward in records for 9 years ( M=8.78 yr., SD =1.41). Looking forward, youth ( M age = 21.63 yr., SD = 2.07) were classified into Abused Children Later Homicidal (5%, n = 10), Abused Children Later Violent (23%, n = 41), Abused Children Later Delinquent (28%, n = 50), Abused Children Later Nondeliquent (44%, n = 80), and Controls ( n = 181). Data were analyzed with two more logistic regressions. Predictors of Abused Children Later Homicidal compared with Controls were number of court contacts ( OR =50,398.78) and poorer executive function ( OR = 79.72; AUC =.91; 95% CI= .80−.95). The predictor of Abused Children Later Homicidal contrasted with Abused Children Later Nondelinquent was court contacts ( OR = 2,077,089,352; AUC=.87; 95% CI =.65−.95). The common predictor for Abused Children and Abused Children Later Homicidal groups was court contacts.

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Kakar, Suman. "Child Abuse and Juvenile Deliquency: A Prospective Study." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 29, no. 1 (March 1996): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486589602900104.

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Child abuse has emerged as a central theme in efforts to understand a wide variety of problems, including delinquency. This study utilises the computerised records of substantiated abuse in the Florida Protective Services System's Department of Children, Youth, and Families to examine the effects of child abuse on earty onset of delinquency. A control group matched on racial group, gender, age, and socioeconomic status is used to compare the delinquency rates among the abused and non-abused. The abused children had a higher delinquency referral rate than the control group children and the relationship between abuse and delinquency was found to be statistically significant at.038 level. Age was found to be significant at.091 level. Abused children were found being referred more for personal and status offences.

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Ahmed, Fayza Ebrahim. "Extents of abuse and behavioural disorders in autistic children who were abused and who were not abused." Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 16, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v16i1.5513.

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This study aimed at identifying the extents of abuse of autistic children and some behavioural disorders in who were abused and who were not abused from parents and teachers’ perspective. To achieve the study’s objectives, the researcher adopted a descriptive research method and used a survey as a tool for the task. The sample consisted of 200 autistic children. The study found a positive relationship between the extents of abuse (physical, emotional, neglect and sexual) and the degrees of behavioural disorders (self-harm, aggression, anxiety and depression) in children with autism who were abused. Autistic children who were abused suffered more from these behavioural disorders. The study recommends an increase in interest in children with autism within the family and community levels by planning and implementing programmes that can help them to adapt socially to the environment, which keeps them away from the exposure to abuse. Keywords: Abuse extents, behavioural disorders, autistic children.

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Swanston, Heather Y., Patrick N. Parkinson, R. Kim Oates, Brian I. O’Toole, Angela M. Plunkett, and Sandra Shrimpton. "Further abuse of sexually abused children." Child Abuse & Neglect 26, no. 2 (February 2002): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0145-2134(01)00311-8.

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Brown, Sarah D., Greg Brack, and Frances Y. Mullis. "Traumatic Symptoms in Sexually Abused Children: Implications for School Counselors." Professional School Counseling 11, no. 6 (August 2008): 2156759X0801100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156759x0801100603.

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School counselors have a duty to formulate strategies that aid in the detection and prevention of child sexual abuse (American School Counselor Association, 2003). School counselors are charged with helping sexually abused children by recognizing sexual abuse indicators based on a child's symptomotology and/or behavior, and understanding how this trauma may affect children in the school setting. Mandated reporting issues, talking with children and adolescents about sexual abuse suspicions, and understanding trauma symptoms and their contribution to the difficulties that sexually abused children have in school are highlighted. In addition, how school counselors can collaborate with clinicians treating sexually abused children through role-appropriate advocacy, intervention, and aftercare strategies is described.

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Cameron, Paul. "Child Molestations by Homosexual Foster Parents: Illinois, 1997–2002." Psychological Reports 96, no. 1 (February 2005): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.96.1.227-230.

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Do those who engage in homosexuality disproportionately sexually abuse foster or adoptive children as reported by child protective services? Illinois child services reported sexual abuse for 1997 through 2002. 270 parents committed “substantiated” sexual offenses against foster or subsidized adoptive children: 67 (69%) of 97 of these mother and 148 (86%) of 173 of these father perpetrators sexually abused girls; 30 (31%) of the mothers and 25 (14%) of the father perpetrators sexually abused boys, i.e., 92 (34%) of the perpetrators homosexually abused their charges. Of these parents 15 both physically and sexually abused charges: daughters by 8 of the mothers and 4 of the fathers, sons by 3 of the mothers, i.e., same-sex perpetrators were involved in 53%. Thus, homosexual practitioners were proportionately more apt to abuse foster or adoptive children sexually.

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Chen, Keran. "The Relationship Between Child Abuse Trauma and Cyberbullying Is Analyzed from The Perspective of Social Work." International Journal of Education and Humanities 14, no. 1 (May 14, 2024): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hh8xe977.

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This study explores the relationship between the trauma experienced by abused children and cyberbullying from a social work perspective. It first defines child abuse and cyberbullying, and subsequently examines the traumatic effects of child abuse and the attributes and effects of cyberbullying. By analyzing the relationship between the two, we will clarify the reasons why abused children are vulnerable to cyberbullying, and investigate the psychological and emotional reactions of abused children after the occurrence of cyberbullying. Finally, drawing on the role and obligations of social work, recommendations are made to address the intertwined challenges of child abuse trauma and cyberbullying, highlighting the importance of intervention and support for these vulnerable groups.

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Mayo-Dosayla, Charity Mae, and Dennis V. Madrigal. "A Case Study of the School Behavior of Abused Children with Behavior Modification Intervention." Technium Social Sciences Journal 20 (June 8, 2021): 244–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v20i1.3637.

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Child abuse has become prevalent in the society and has reached an alarming state. An experience of abuse creates a domino effect on a child’s learning and socialization in school, and consequently impacts their holistic development. Anchoring on B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Theory, this study investigates the undesirable school behaviour of abused children and formulates an intervention program for behaviour modification. This case study documented the school behaviour of three primary school children identified as psychologically, physically, and sexually abused by the local Department of Social Welfare and Development. These abused children were selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted through pre, and post-observation using a validated research-made Student Behaviour Inventory, in-depth interview, triangulation, and validated Student Behaviour Intervention Program (SBIP) anchored on Cognitive Behavioural approaches. Data were analysed using recursive textual analysis using Lichtman’s framework: coding, categorizing, and conceptualizing. Results of the study revealed that abused children have opposition, refusal, and resistance to orders; sensitiveness; tendency towards social withdrawal, aloofness, and melancholy; feelings of inferiority; and non-compliance to school requirements. Administration of SBIP to abused children produced slight modification in their behaviour. This study implies a consideration of the SBIP and its administration to children who have experienced abuse as an intervention to modify their school behaviour.

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Nomura, Tatsuya, Takayuki Kanda, Hiroyoshi Kidokoro, Yoshitaka Suehiro, and Sachie Yamada. "Why do children abuse robots?" Interaction Studies 17, no. 3 (December 31, 2016): 347–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.17.3.02nom.

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Abstract We found that children sometimes abused a social robot placed in a shopping mall hallway. They verbally abused the robot, repeatedly obstructed its path, and sometimes even kicked and punched the robot. To investigate the reasons for the abuse, we conducted a field study in which we interviewed visiting children who exhibited serious abusive behaviors, including physical contact. We analyzed interview contents to determine whether the children perceived the robot as human-like, why they abused it, and whether they thought that the robot would suffer from their abusive behavior. We obtained valid interviews from 23 children (age range, 5–9 years old) over 13 days of observations. We found that 1) the majority of the children engaged in abuse because they were curious about the robot’s reactions or enjoyed abusing it and considered it human-like, and 2) about half of them believed the robot was capable of perceiving their abusive behaviors.

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Παπαδάκη - Μιχαηλίδη, Ελένη, and Παρασκευή Λυδάκη. "Οι συναισθηματικοί δείκτες στα σχέδια παιδιών που έχουν υποστεί σωματική κακοποίηση." Psychology: the Journal of the Hellenic Psychological Society 19, no. 1 (October 15, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.23607.

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The problem of child abuse is very difficult to handle, because it is one of the best kept secrets that exist. Studying drawings is one of the most widespread methods that investigate child abuse, because one can draw sensitive information without producing fear or anxiety to the child. The present study investigated the frequency of appearance of 20emotional indicators in the drawings produced by abused and non abused children. The subjects of the study were 101 abused and 72 non abused elementary school children. The researcher asked the children to draw a human figure, and these drawings were scored for the presence or absence of 20 emotional indicators which reflect the negative feelings of the drawer (Koppitz, 1968. Malchiodi, 1997). Twelve of thosetwenty emotional indicators appeared significantly more often in the drawings produced by the abused children (p<0,000 to p<0,003). The results of this study show that drawings when analyzed by adequatelytrained specialists, and when combined with other diagnostic methods, can be used to uncover child abuse. The danger behind drawing interpretation by nontrained people is emphasized in the present study.

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Patterson, George T. "An Exploratory Study Assessing Relations of Demographic Characteristics with Police Recruits' Attitudes toward Abuse of Children and Abusive Parents." Psychological Reports 101, no. 2 (October 2007): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.101.2.451-456.

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The purpose of this exploratory study was to assess the relationships of demographic characteristics with attitudes toward abusive parents and abused children in a convenience sample of 183 police recruits. Police academy training staff invited recruits to complete a questionnaire which contained three vignettes and a 36-item questionnaire that depicted child neglect, sexual abuse, physical abuse, and demographic information. Analysis of responses showed that African Americans and Latinos reported more negative attitudes of anger, disgust, sadness, and discomfort toward an abusive parent than the Euro-American group. Women reported more negative attitudes toward an abused child and also more positive attitudes of sympathy and caring toward an abused child. Results partially support previous research suggesting demographic characteristics influence report of attitudes toward abusive parents and abused children. These findings about the influence of demographic characteristics on positive and negative emotional reactions toward abusive parents and abused children add to the literature.

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Brezo, Jelena, Joel Paris, Frank Vitaro, Martine Hébert, Richard E. Tremblay, and Gustavo Turecki. "Predicting suicide attempts in young adults with histories of childhood abuse." British Journal of Psychiatry 193, no. 2 (August 2008): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.107.037994.

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BackgroundAlthough childhood abuse is an important correlate of suicidality, not all individuals who were abused as children attempt suicide.AimsTo identify correlates and moderators of suicide attempts in adults reporting childhood physical abuse, contact sexual abuse, or both.MethodA French-Canadian, school-based cohort (n=1684) was prospectively followed.ResultsThe identity of the abuser moderated the relationship of abuse frequency and suicide attempts, with individuals abused by their immediate family being at highest risk. Although paternal education exhibited negative associations (OR=0.71, 95% CI 0.58–0.88), several externalising phenotypes had positive associations with suicide attempts: disruptive disorders (OR=3.10, 95% CI 1.05–9.15), conduct problems (OR=1.09, 95% CI 1.01–1.19) and childhood aggression (OR=1.41, 95% CI 1.08–1.83).ConclusionsCharacteristics of the abuser and abusive acts may be important additional indicators of risk for suicide attempts. Future research needs to employ developmental approaches to examine the extent and mechanisms by which childhood abuse contributes to the shared variance of suicidality, maladaptive traits and psychopathology.

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Hébert, Martine, Rachel Langevin, and Marie-Josée Bernier. "SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS AND PARENTS’ EVALUATION OF BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS IN PRESCHOOLERS DISCLOSING SEXUAL ABUSE." International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies 4, no. 4 (November 8, 2013): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs44201312700.

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Child sexual abuse is a prevalent social problem known to have a deleterious impact on the mental health. While sexual abuse may affect preschool children, there is a lack of knowledge regarding its short-term correlates, namely regarding internalized symptomatology due to the few available self-report measures. This study aims to (a) contrast self-reported symptomatology in a group of sexually abused preschoolers and a group of non-abused children, and (b) provide preliminary data on the psychometric properties of the adapted French version of the PRESS. Results indicate that children in the sexual abuse group (n = 59) show higher levels of self-reported depressive symptoms than children in the comparison group (n = 66). Caregivers described sexually abused preschoolers as displaying more internalized and externalized behavior problems than their non-abused peers.

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Udayakumara, A. R. P. C., and H. K. S. Niranjana. "A Criminological Study on Family Environmental Factors Affecting Child Sexual Abuse in Sri Lanka." Vidyodaya Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 07, no. 02 (July 1, 2022): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v07i02.08.

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Child sexual abuse is a serious crime prohibited by Sri Lankan criminal law, which is discussed under child abuse. There are various factors that contribute to the sexual abuse of children. This research has conducted a criminological study of the family environmental factors affecting child sexual abuse in Sri Lanka. The research was conducted in the Kalutara and Colombo districts of the Western Province and 228 sexually abused children were used as the main sample in 2015-2020. Two separate samples were also used for officers on duty with regard to parents and children from the victims. The data obtained from the research have been extensively analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. 87% of victims of sexual abuse are girls. The majority of 42% represent the 15-17 category. 47% of the majority are victims of corruption. The boyfriend (42%) is responsible for most of the abuse. 33% of victims have been sexually abused in their own home and 32% in the home of the abuser. Family vulnerabilities such as family economic difficulties, parental ignorance, extramarital affairs, single parent family, parental separation, family disputes, parental emigration, paternal and drug abuse, various physical and mental disorders of the parents, family moral decline, and breakdown of parent-child cooperation And various problems of children, problems in the social environment can be identified as factors contributing to sexual abuse. A child faces many problems when he or she is sexually abused. This physical, mental and social impact is detrimental not only to the child affected but also to his family, society and the country as a whole. It can be pointed out that an integrated approach is more effective in controlling and preventing child sexual abuse.

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Choi, Sam Sik, Saet Byeol Yang, Myung Ho Lim, Ja Young Lim, Kyoung Min Kim, Youngil Lee, Se-Hoon Shim, Min Sun Kim, and Hyoung Yoon Chang. "Psychological aftereffects experienced by sexually abused children: Psychopathological characteristics revealed by the K-CBCL." Medicine 102, no. 38 (September 22, 2023): e34699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000034699.

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Children who have been sexually abused may experience various short- and long-term psychological sequelae and behavioral problems. This study assessed the mental health of sexually abused children using the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) and examined differences from a control group. The participants were 97 children who had been sexually abused and who visited a local Sunflower Center, and 178 control participants. Data were collected via the K-CBCL and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. T-tests, cross-tabulation, and logistic regression analyses were performed. Scores from the K-CBCL Problem Behavior Syndrome scale were compared between sexually abused children and the control participants. Significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in all the subscales. Compared to the control group, children who were sexually abused showed statistically significant differences in the total problem behavior, internalization, anxiety/depression, withdrawal/depression (withdrawn), somatic symptoms, externalization, rule-breaking behavior (delinquency), aggressive behavior, social immaturity, thought problems, attention problems, and other subscale scores. Sexual violence hurts the overall mental health of children who are abused, including their emotional, behavioral, and social factors. Our findings suggest that multidisciplinary assessment and treatment are required for children who have experienced sexual abuse.

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Bannister, Anne. "Reviews : Abused children." Health Education Journal 52, no. 2 (June 1993): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001789699305200215.

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Douglas, A. D. M. "Kilvert's abused children." Psychiatric Bulletin 14, no. 1 (January 1990): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.14.1.41.

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Marcovitch, Harvey, and David PH Jones. "Protecting abused children." Lancet 369, no. 9576 (June 2007): 1844–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60831-9.

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Furman, Erna. "Aggressively abused children." Journal of Child Psychotherapy 12, no. 1 (January 1986): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00754178608254783.

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Ney, P. G. "Does Verbal Abuse Leave Deeper Scars: A Study of Children and Parents*." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 5 (June 1987): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378703200509.

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This study investigating the effects of verbal abuse on children and their abused parents, tends to support the clinical impression that verbal abuse may have a greater impact for a longer period of time. Although there are very few pure forms of verbal abuse, there are some parents who use verbal abuse but would not hit their children, neglect them, or involve them in sex. Verbal abuse may become an increasingly frequent form of controlling and disciplining children because of the increased awareness of physical abuse and because of the possible declining value of children. Verbal abuse may have a greater impact because the abused child has greater difficulty defending himself from the attack. Because children tend to identify with their parents, the verbal abuse by their parents becomes a way in which they then abuse themselves.

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Søftestad, Siri, Margareth Bjørtvedt, Jorunn Haga, and Karin E. Hildén. "Family Therapy and Young Abusers." Journal of Comparative Social Work 4, no. 1 (April 1, 2009): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/jcsw.v4i1.43.

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This article focuses on young abusers participating in a treatment program for families where one or more children have experienced child sexual abuse and/or have abused other children. TVERS is a multiprofessional team where the treatment is performed within a frame of control ,“care and control hand in hand”. Three trained family therapists from three different agencies come together and form the therapy. The caseworker from the child care protection service (Children`s Service) becomes a part of the TVERS-team during their therapeutic work with the young abuser and his family. The therapists are given access to all reports and documents from the police, the court and medical services. The caseworker can follow up the family between appointments as well as initiate child protection procedures if necessary. The article describes our experience of working with families where the son in the family has abused other children outside or inside their own family.

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Priest, Maura. "Are Obese Children Abused Children?" Hastings Center Report 48, no. 4 (July 2018): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hast.871.

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Bumby, Kurt M. "Psycholegal Considerations in Abuse-Motivated Parricides: Children who Kill Their Abusive Parents." Journal of Psychiatry & Law 22, no. 1 (March 1994): 51–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009318539402200103.

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Child maltreatment has been recognized as a significantly influential force in precipitating parricides committed by children and adolescents, in that an abused youth may learn to be violent, may suffer psychological and physical trauma that leads to impaired functioning, and may act out violently in direct response to severe and longstanding victimization. This review of the literature delineates the significant psychological and legal issues surrounding abuse-motivated parricides. Particular emphasis is placed on (a) characteristics of maltreated children and various psychological conceptualizations of the effects of and responses to abuse, and (b) relevant legal issues, including the admissibility of expert testimony, self-defense claims of abused children who kill, and the use of mitigating factors. Finally, the treatment of abused children who kill their parents is addressed, as are future directions for research involving these captivating cases.

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Jothivenkatesan, D. "Rag Picking Children – A Study in A City." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2023): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v10i4.6202.

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Many of the street children who have run away from home have done so because they were beaten or sexually abused. Tragically, their homelessness can lead to further abuse through exploitative child labour and prostitution. Not only does abuse rob runaway children of their material security, it also leaves them emotionally scarred. Many of the abused children in India encounters are traumatised and some refuse to speak for months. To aggravate matters, children often feel guilty and blame themselves for their mistreatment. Such damage can take years to recover from in even the most loving of environments; on the streets it may never heal.

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Solon, Unilyn E. "Child Abuse and Its Manifestation." University of Bohol Multidisciplinary Research Journal 6 (September 30, 2018): 12–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15631/ubmrj.v6i1.110.

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Child abuse is damaging to a person’s psyche. Children experiencing trauma may respond to it differently. Thus, symptoms vary from physical, mental, emotional, social, behavioral, and psychological reactions. This study intends to ascertain child abuse and its manifestation among the children of the Arms of Love Children’s Home, Cortes, Bohol, Philippines. It utilized a quantitative research design with the aid of a self-constructed questionnaire to gather the perceived symptoms of trauma among the sexually abused, physically abused, neglected, abandoned and surrendered children regarding their physical, mental, emotional, and interpersonal conditions, and the degree of variance among these symptoms. Results revealed that symptoms of trauma were differently manifested by the abused children in the form of physical, mental, emotional, and interpersonal conditions. On the physical conditions, the headache was most evident. Emotional responses to trauma were in the form of an eating problem, guilt feelings, confusion, and hypervigilance. Moreover, this study highlighted sexual and physical abuse as higher degree types of child abuse. However, other forms – neglected, surrendered, abandoned were not taken for granted for these are also detrimental to children’s life.

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King, Neville, Bruce J. Tonge, Paul Mullen, Nicole Myerson, David Heyne, Stephanie Rollings, and Peter Muris. "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Sexually Abused Children." Behaviour Change 17, no. 1 (April 1, 2000): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.17.1.28.

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AbstractChild sexual abuse is a highly prevalent problem that frequently occasions the onset of posttraumatic stress disorder in the victimised youngster. Given the success of cognitive-behavioral interventions with adult trauma victims, it has been suggested that this treatment approach be applied to sexually abused children. We review the empirical support for the efficacy and acceptability of cognitive-behavioral strategies in the treatment of sexually abused children. Several clinical practice and research issues are also noted.

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Fox, Lynn, Steven H. Long, and Aimée Langlois. "Patterns of Language Comprehension Deficit in Abused and Neglected Children." Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders 53, no. 3 (August 1988): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshd.5303.239.

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The similarity between factors associated with child abuse/neglect and those associated with language disability suggests that maltreated children are a population at risk for language problems. This study investigated the performance of three groups of abused/neglected children and a matched group of nonmaltreated subjects on three tests of language comprehension. Results revealed significant differences among groups for all measures. Severely neglected children obtained the lowest scores on all tests; the abused children consistently obtained lower scores than the controls; and generally neglected children showed the smallest difference in performance from the control group. These findings suggest a model for understanding relationships between abuse/neglect and language disability

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Rokach, Ami, and Karalyn MacFarlane. "Abused Children and their Relationships as Adults." Psychology and Mental Health Care 5, no. 3 (November 16, 2021): 01–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/144.

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Intimate relationships are not just between lovers, but is also present in parenting as well as the individual’s relationship with the larger family and kin. This article sheds light on those who underwent abuse and have consequently been marked for life and in many areas of their personhood, their ability to relate, and to intimately connect with others.

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Hammerschlag, Margaret R., Marinella Cummings, Brinda Doraiswamy, Phyllis Cox, and William M. McCormack. "Nonspecific Vaginitis Following Sexual Abuse in Children." Pediatrics 75, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 1028–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.75.6.1028.

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Nonspecific vaginitis, one of the most common causes of vaginitis in adults, is a polymicrobial infection in which vaginal anaerobes act synergistically with Gardnerella vaginalis. The diagnosis is made by examination of the vaginal secretions for clue cells, the development of a fishy odor after the addition of 10% KOH to vaginal secretions, and a vaginal pH greater than 4.5. To determine whether nonspecific vaginitis occurs in sexually abused children, we obtained vaginal washes from 31 abused and 23 nonabused children, 2½ to 13 years of age. A child was considered to have definite nonspecific vaginitis if her wash contained both clue cells and odor; she was considered to have possible nonspecific vaginitis if her wash contained either clue cells or odor. We did not use vaginal pH as a diagnostic criterion because the normal range has not been standardized in prepubertal girls. Possible nonspecific vaginitis (odor only) was found in only 1/23 (4%) of nonabused children. This girl was asymptomatic and findings from her examination were normal. Only one of the 31 abused children had possible nonspecific vaginitis (odor) detected at the initial examination, less than 48 hours after the episode of abuse, whereas 4/31 (13%) developed definite, and 4/31 (13%) possible nonspecific vaginitis at the follow-up visit more than seven days after the episode of abuse or rape. Five of these eight girls developed either a new vaginal discharge or dysuria; three were treated with metronidazole with resolution of their symptoms and reversion of the vaginal wash to normal. These findings suggest that nonspecific vaginitis is uncommon in normal children and that it can be acquired after sexual abuse. Nonspecific vaginitis was the most frequent cause of vaginitis in the abused girls in this study. Examination of a vaginal wash for clue cells and odor should be part of the evaluation of sexually abused girls who develop vulvovaginal symptoms.

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Kamukama, Aloysious, Rachel Luwaga, Rodrick Tugume, Margaret Kanyemibwa, Betrace Birungi, Obed Ndyamuhika, Diana Ampire, Timothy Nduhukire, and Deborah Lowell Shindell. "Exploring parental understanding of child sexual abuse and prevention as a measure for HIV prevention in Rwampara district." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): e0269786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269786.

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Background Worldwide, more than 95 million children are sexually abused each year with children in sub-Saharan Africa experiencing sexual assault at higher rates than those in more developed areas. In Uganda, 20% of young people indicated that their sexual debut was non-consensual. The risk for transmission of HIV to children through Child Sexual Abuse is high because of greater mucosal tissue damage and the often repetitive nature of abuse. This contributes significantly to the burden of HIV in Uganda. Despite these risks, studies have shown gaps in active parental involvement in child sexual abuse prevention despite their being the primary protectors of children. Against this background we sought to explore parental understanding of childhood sexual abuse and prevention as a measure for HIV prevention in Rwampara District, South Western Uganda. Methods A phenomenological study was carried out in four health centers that serve the communities of Rwampara district. A total of 25 (n = 25) parents or guardians of children aged 9–14 years were purposively selected to participate in the study. The participants were subjected to in-depth semi-structured interviews which were recorded, transcribed, and translated for thematic analysis. Results Parents’ understanding of child sexual abuse was limited to penetrative sex between a man and a child. Three of the parents interviewed reported to have had children who had been sexually abused while one of the parents had been abused when she was young. The children reported to have been abused were female and were between 3-14years. We also identified gaps in the sensitization of parents regarding home-based prevention of child sexual abuse and psychological support for the victims of abuse. Conclusion Our study shows that child sexual abuse exists in rural western Uganda. There remains a significant gap in the awareness of parents regarding the extent of sexual abuse, signs of sexual abuse, case handling, and psychological support for victims of sexual abuse. This significantly affects the capacity of parents as the primary protectors of children to identify and protect the children against the multiple forms of child sexual abuse.

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Sano-Asahito, T., A. Suzuki, J. Matsuyama, T. Mitomi, S. Kinoshita-Kawano, S. Hayashi-Sakai, and T. Asahito. "Self-Esteem and Oral Condition of Institutionalized Abused Children in Japan." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 39, no. 4 (June 1, 2015): 322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-39.4.322.

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Objective: Abused children have been reported to have low self-esteem. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dental intervention on self-esteem, oral condition, and concern for oral health in abused children admitted to a child protection service facility. Study design: We examined the oral condition of 65 children (34 boys, 31 girls; aged 2–15 years), instructed them in tooth-brushing. Self-esteem was examined using Pope’s five-scale test for children. Before discharge, the children completed questionnaires on concern about their oral health. Results: The findings revealed the reasons for admission were child abuse and neglect (n=45), domestic violence against the mother (n= 20), special needs (n=11), delinquency (n=7), school refusal (n=2), and other reasons (n=3). Thirty-five of the 65 residents (54%) needed treatment for caries. Of these, 24 (69%) were abused children and 11 (31%) were admitted due to other reasons. Mean self-esteem score differed significantly between the resident children (n=43) and an outpatient control group (n=102) (59.16±14.54 vs 73.92±16.81, respectively; p<0.01). Conclusion: Although the abused children had low self-esteem, after dental intervention, positive answers regarding oral health were obtained. The findings suggest that dental interventions might be effective for helping to improve the self-esteem of abused children.

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Masha, Rankwe Reuben, and Petro Botha. "IS FOSTER CARE THE SAFE PLACE WE BELIEVE IT TO BE? IF NOT, WHY NOT?" Social Work/Maatskaplike Werk 57, no. 4 (2021): 499–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.15270/57-4-973.

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Foster care is an important part of the child protection system; however, it seems that some foster children are not protected – they are abused and neglected. The aims of this article are to confirm on a small scale whether children in foster care are indeed being abused and neglected and to develop an understanding of factors contributing to the abuse and neglect of these foster children. A qualitative research approach was applied. Findings confirmed the occurrence of abuse and/or neglect and provided information on factors relating to foster parents and the foster care system itself contributing to this phenomenon.

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Ramchandani, Paul, and David P. H. Jones. "Treating psychological symptoms in sexually abused children." British Journal of Psychiatry 183, no. 06 (December 2003): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.183.6.484.

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BackgroundThe experience of having been sexually abused is associated with a wide range of psychiatric symptoms and difficulties, and these problems can persist over years. The psychological treatment of children who have experienced sexual abuse has only recently begun to be systematically investigated. An increasing number of robust studies have been conducted.AimsTo review systematically the available evidence from randomised controlled trials of psychological treatments for children who have been sexually abused, and to consider the place of these treatments in a multi-disciplinary service.MethodA systematic search of the available research was undertaken. Included trials were critically appraised and the results considered.ResultsTwelve studies were included in the review. The best evidence of efficacy for improving psychological symptoms in these children was found for cognitive–behavioural therapy, particularly for young children.ConclusionsEfficacious treatments exist to improve psychological symptoms in children who have experienced sexual abuse. Consideration is given to the place of these treatments within the response of a multi-disciplinary service.

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Ramchandani, Paul, and David P. H. Jones. "Treating psychological symptoms in sexually abused children." British Journal of Psychiatry 183, no. 6 (December 2003): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/03-99.

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BackgroundThe experience of having been sexually abused is associated with a wide range of psychiatric symptoms and difficulties, and these problems can persist over years. The psychological treatment of children who have experienced sexual abuse has only recently begun to be systematically investigated. An increasing number of robust studies have been conducted.AimsTo review systematically the available evidence from randomised controlled trials of psychological treatments for children who have been sexually abused, and to consider the place of these treatments in a multi-disciplinary service.MethodA systematic search of the available research was undertaken. Included trials were critically appraised and the results considered.ResultsTwelve studies were included in the review. The best evidence of efficacy for improving psychological symptoms in these children was found for cognitive–behavioural therapy, particularly for young children.ConclusionsEfficacious treatments exist to improve psychological symptoms in children who have experienced sexual abuse. Consideration is given to the place of these treatments within the response of a multi-disciplinary service.

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Djuricic, Goran, Zorica Milosevic, Djordje Alempijevic, Vladimir Radlovic, Rasa Medovic, Sinisa Ducic, and Zoran Golubovic. "Social, clinical and radiological characteristics of physical abuse of children up to 3 years of age hospitalized in a tertiary health institution." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 145, no. 5-6 (2017): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh160927083d.

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Introduction/Objective. Child abuse is a significant public health problem in modern society. Many cases of violence against children remain undetected. Serbia has no official protocols for medical examination of abused children. The aim of the study is an analysis of the social, clinical and radiological characteristics of physical abuse of children under three years of age that required hospital treatment. Methods. This retrospective study included 98 physically injured children admitted to the University Children?s Hospital in the period from 2013 to 2015, with suspected physical abuse. In addition to the history of injuries, complete clinical examinations and standard laboratory analyses were performed in all children, as well as X-ray examination in children with apparent or suspected skeletal injury. Ultrasound examination and computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging were performed in selected patients. Final diagnosis of abuse was established by multidisciplinary assessment team. The children were divided into two groups ? those with proven and those with suspected abuse. Results. Most of 98 children who were suspected of being abused (92%) were from one or both unemployed parents, 68% were male, 60% were first-born, and 44% younger than one year. Ninety-two percent of the children had skeletal fractures, 19% of whom had two or more fractures. The commonest fracture was a linear skull fracture, which was detected in 51% of the cases. Abuse was confirmed in only five of 98 suspected cases. Conclusion. Among the known social risk factors for abuse of children, the low economic status of the family was the most frequent one in our analyzed sample. The most common injury is a linear skull fracture. A national guideline for medical investigating of abused children is required.

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Schellenbach, Cynthia J., Penelope K. Trickett, and Elizabeth J. Susman. "A Multimethod Approach to the Assessment of Physical Abuse." Violence and Victims 6, no. 1 (January 1991): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.6.1.57.

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Numerous and heterogeneous symptoms of maladjustment have been documented among victims of physical abuse. Much of the well-controlled, theoretically guided research is rooted in methodology designed to search for group differences between abused children and a comparison group. Given the recognized methodological problems in constructing appropriate comparison groups for abused children, this study is designed to examine alternative methodological approaches. The purpose of the study is to utilize a case study to illustrate the utility of a multimethod approach to highlight intraindividual variation in the impact of abuse. This study of physically abused twin boys demonstrates that differential patterns of findings are revealed by standardized assessment in comparison to behavioral observation. The results underscore intraindividual variation in the impact of abuse. It is suggested that innate temperamental factors interact with parent-child interaction patterns to account for such intraindividual variation.

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Temitayo Serah, Abijo, H. Huzili, and Hanif Suhairi. "Integrated Counselling Strategies for Children in the Substance Abused Family." MATEC Web of Conferences 150 (2018): 05099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815005099.

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In spite of the fact that substance abuse remains a public health challenge and social problem of enormous magnitudes, with many adolescents and families involved and affected by substance abuse disarrays the issue of proper counselling still requires more attention. In view of this therefore, this study has explored and appraised conceptually the desirability as well as applicable integrated strategies for counselling of the children in the substance abused family. Based on the appraisal of existing strategies for counseling of substance abused family then this study has been able to establish that if people involved as well as the victims of the abused will be able to learn about concepts such as inner strength, self-praise, and group praise, which may prompt setting up of goals for positive decision on their addiction. Similarly, the strategies will encourage the target family to generate more and more positive self-portraits and, as these may inspire making positive lifestyle changes.

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Ayan, Sezer, and Veda Bilican Gökkaya. "Child sexual abuse: The relationship between the type of abuse and the risk factors." Journal of Human Sciences 15, no. 2 (May 5, 2018): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i2.5302.

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Aim: The objective is to determine whether there is a relationship between the type of abuse and the risk factors. Method: The population of the study consists of 39 sexually abused children. The questionnaire form consisting of 40 questions related to the children’s socio-demographic characteristics and family structures, the type and frequency of sexual abuse, and the identity of abuser was filled in based on the file information of sexually abused victims brought to the Children’s Branch of Sivas Security Directorate. Conclusion: It was determined that there was a significant relationship between the gender and age of the victim and socio-economic level of his/her family and the type of abuse, except for the cases of disability and parents’ living together. Discussion: In this study, it was determined that some risk factors are related to some types of abuse, and the results were evaluated in terms of possible risk factors.

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Samriti Singh and Dr. Ramesh Kumar. "Sexual Offences Against Female Children in India: A Critical Study." legal researchd development an international refereed e Journal 7, no. I (September 20, 2022): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.53724/lrd/v7n1.07.

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Millions of female children are victims of violence and sexual abuse in India. Sadly many of them are not even aware of the fact that they are sexually abused and for this, the governments have to be more careful when it comes to making a law on the protection of children because when the child got sexually abused then it affects them physically mentally, and emotionally. Sexual abuse to females children in society is not a new concept it is an age-old problem but till now the public is not fully aware of this problem and how to protect children from such crimes. This research paper talks about the problem of sexual offenses against female children and the reasons and laws related to it in India.

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Aysin Sinal, Yasmine Yehia,. "Abused Children: Psychotherapist from behind the Screen: The Case Study of Incest in the Arab Sector in Israel." Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology 44, no. 3 (September 11, 2023): 531–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i3.332.

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We know that child sexual abuse (CSA) and incest does not occur in isolation, but often in conjunction with emotional and physical abuse, neglect, and domestic violence within the family (Tener, et al., 2021). The more types of child maltreatment experienced, the greater the negative impact on abused children mental health. The family situation greatly affects the mother's ability to respond positively toward the disclosure of CSA. A recent cluster analysis of 35 psychotherapists from behind the screen in Israel in dealing with incest in the Arab sector has been discussed in this study. This study used a qualitative methodology based on interviews with 35 psychotherapists who work from behind the screen with sexually abused children based on the case study of incest in the Arab region. Interviews were utilized to gather qualitative information regarding the abuse in the Arab sector in Israel. These abused Arab youngsters had undergone counselling and psychological treatment before the interviews. The last themes that emerged were: characteristics of the therapist that support behind the screen therapeutic connection, narrative therapy, turning points, and counsel for therapists working with abused children in the Arab sector in Israel. The factor that affected the participants the most was confidence in the therapeutic alliance based on precise boundaries between the therapist and the abused child presented themes offered helpful therapeutic ideas and tactics that aided in speeding up the healing process.

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Timmer, Susan G., Dianne Thompson, Michelle A. Culver, Anthony J. Urquiza, and Shannon Altenhofen. "Mothers' physical abusiveness in a context of violence: Effects on the mother–child relationship." Development and Psychopathology 24, no. 1 (January 31, 2012): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579411000678.

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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mothers' physical abusiveness on the quality of the mother–child relationship, and note how it further varied by their exposure to interparental violence (IPV). The sample consisted of 232 clinic-referred children, aged 2 to 7 years, and their biological mothers. Slightly more than a quarter of the children (N = 63, 27.2%) had been physically abused by their mothers; approximately half of these children also had a history of exposure to IPV (N = 34, 54%). Investigating effects of physical abuse in the context of IPV history on mothers' and children's emotional availability, we found that physically abused children with no IPV exposure appeared less optimally emotionally available than physically abused children with an IPV exposure. However, subsequent analyses showed that although dyads with dual-violence exposure showed emotional availability levels similar those of nonabusive dyads, they were more overresponsive and overinvolving, a kind of caregiving controllingness charasteric of children with disorganized attachment styles. These findings lend some support to the notion that the effects of abuse on the parent–child relationship are influenced by the context of family violence, although the effects appear to be complex.

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Rastogi, A. K., P. Kumar, and D. Gawali. "Awareness of Undergraduate Medical Students Regarding Child Sexual Abuse in Society - A Cross-Section Study." Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine 46, no. 1 (2024): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2024.46.1.2.

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Child sexual abuse is a heinous crime of growing age children that may victimize both sexes of the child. Here, we tried to know the concerns, opinions, and understanding related to the child sexual abuse of young undergraduate students of AIIMS Patna. These students belonged to different communities, religions, and different states of India. Information was sent by mode using the google forms and was collected automatically online. linkert-type questions were given to gather the information; collected data was analyzed and reported. 81.6 % of students disagreed that only girls are sexually abused and the rest, 18.4% of respondents were not sure about the given statement. 6.0% of respondents agreed that only girls are victims of sexual abuse. There, 225 (45.0 %) of students opined that child sexual abuse boys are not homosexual, but the rest 226 (45.20) % of students, did not confirm the opinion. 100 (20%) students were neutral in opinion, whereas 49 (9.80%) students opined with disagreement with the statement means indirectly, child sexually abused boys were homosexual. Children from reputed families are not the victim of sexual abuse. 325 (65.0 %) of students disagree with the statement, 40 (8.0) % of students opine that reputed family children are not sexually abused, 27% of students were not in the stage of any opinion or either neutral or they do not know about the statement. 202 (40.4 %) of students opined that sexually abused children should not be sent to foster care, but 29 (5.8 %) of students disagreed with this opinion and suggested that they should be sent to foster care. 168 (53.60 %) participants had no conclusive opinion and 23.4 % had a neutral opinion. Opinion of the participants regarding few children being victims of sexual abuse: 137 (27.4%) agree with that statement, a significant number of participants disagreed with this statement and opined that 223 (44.6%) disagreed with the treatment, indirectly opined that a substantial number of children were the victim of child sexual abuse. The remaining 28 % of participants did not give a final opinion.

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Hall, Sioux. ""It's Going to Stop in This Generation": Women with a History of Child Abuse Resolving to Raise Their Children Without Abuse." Harvard Educational Review 81, no. 1 (March 21, 2011): 24–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.81.1.m8202r3804uvmv68.

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In this article, Sioux Hall promotes using a strengths-based approach to examine the interruption of the intergenerational cycle of child abuse and explores the strategies that women who were abused by a parent as children used to raise their children without abuse. She documents the mothers' uses of strategies such as vowing to protect and support their children, reconciling their abuse histories, and developing flexible, eclectic parenting methods. She discusses therapeutic and programmatic implications suggested by this research in the hope that this approach will create a shift in thinking among child protection professionals and educators toward a strengths-based perspective. Hall challenges readers to listen to the voices and consider the experiences of the ex-abused in order to reexamine the research, theory, and practice of prevention and treatment of child abuse.

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Conway, Francine, Priyam Talreja, James McCarthy, and Fiona Conway. "Thought and Language Disorder among Sexually Abused Children in a Psychiatric Hospital." Psychological Reports 112, no. 2 (April 2013): 340–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/16.02.pr0.112.2.340-352.

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The empirical literature offers evidence that childhood sexual abuse is a predictor of psychopathology in adults. However, the literature examining the relations between thought disorder and psychotic symptoms in children is sparse. Children with a history of childhood sexual abuse are expected to demonstrate more disturbances in thought relative to their peers with no childhood sexual abuse. Using the Thought and Language Index, Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) narratives for four commonly used TAT cards obtained from 39 closed charts of hospitalized children were analyzed. Narratives were assessed on seven dimensions including weakening of goals, perseveration, looseness, peculiar word usage, peculiar sentence construction, non-logical reasoning, and distractibility. Good inter-rater reliability was obtained. Sexually abused children had higher aberrant scores on card number four compared to non-abused children. Sexual abuse history was a predictive factor for non-logical reasoning, with small effect size. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

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ALdarabah, Intisar Turki, Reham Almohtadi, and Mohammad Abo Alrub. "Discover your Child: Is He/ She Abused by You Inside the House?" Journal of Studies in Education 5, no. 3 (August 26, 2015): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jse.v5i3.6378.

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This research seeks to reveal to the parents if they are abusing their children without knowledge inside the house. In order to answer the study questions, an instrument was developed to measure the abused behavior extent of including the items of abused. The instrument consisted of 50 items that involved five subscales The instrument’s validity was tested through introducing it to specialists’ reviewers. Also the stability analysis was tested by re-analysis. The statistic data and frequencies were used to investigate the availability of the abused behavior. The study results showed that the mothers do not have the sufficient knowledge about the concept children abuse, inside the house, since the responses to all of the dimensions were below the medium, and some of the fathers and mothers abuse their children thinking that this is one of disciplines to make them acquire the desired behavior, and preventing them from the abnormal behavior.

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Wright, Barry, David West, Anne Worrall, and Gillian Tagg. "Prevalence of confirmed child abuse and the use of resources in child psychiatric out-patients." Psychiatric Bulletin 20, no. 4 (April 1996): 207–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.20.4.207.

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This paper explores the extent of known child sexual and physical abuse in child psychiatric out-patient services in Leeds. We surveyed a one-month period, looking at all out-patient contacts, and found that at least 17.9% of patients had been physically or sexually abused and these patients took up 25.8% of out-patient time. When the 70 abused children were compared to a group matched for age group, clinical team and diagnosis It was found that they were more likely to be followed-up for longer and they received more therapeutic time over a given period than non-abused children. The implications for resources are discussed.

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O'Toole, Richard, James Leehan, and Laura Pistone Wilson. "Grown-Up Abused Children." Contemporary Sociology 15, no. 3 (May 1986): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2070108.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Abused children'

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