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Published: 4 June 2021

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1

Harrison, James Ray. "Social hypervigilance in abused children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798431/.

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One characteristic of abused children that is often observed but not yet empirically examined is social hypervigilance. In this study, 20 abused and 20 distressed children were compared using WISC-R subtests, two measures of locus of control and need for attention.

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2

Jueneman, Mara Beth. "A descriptive study of the current level of involvement of school psychologists in school-based services and programs for maltreated children." Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999juenemanm.pdf.

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3

McKenzie, Kay Helen, and n/a. "Abused children in New Zealand/Aotearoa : presentation and investigation." University of Otago. Children's Issues Centre, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070430.162806.

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The overarching goal of the present research was to identify the interface between research and practice in the area of child-abuse investigation. The specific aims of the research were to explore how abused children present to investigators, to identify the characteristics of the children�s disclosures and the role of disclosure in the investigation, to establish the factors that influenced child-abuse investigators� decisions to interview children, and to make comparisons between sexually- and physically-abused children. Three hundred substantiated cases of child abuse (150 sexual-abuse and 150 physical-abuse investigations) investigated by the Department of Child, Youth and Family Services of New Zealand, prior to July 2001, were analysed. Children were most often physically-abused by their biological parents, and mothers were marginally more often the abusers than were fathers. The most common indicators of physical abuse were children�s disclosures and physical injuries. Risk factors for physical abuse included living in two-parent households and being of Maori or Pacific Island ethnicity. Gender or age provided no protection from physical abuse. The families of the physically-abused children were characterised by family violence, substance abuse, neglect, and poor mental health. Adverse family circumstances restrained children from telling others about their physical abuse. Physically-abused children aged more than 7 were found to present with a range of problem behaviours and fears. Child-abuse investigators often tolerated physical assaults on children, particularly by mothers. Moreover, child-abuse investigators did not routinely interview physically-abused children or treat the abuse as a criminal matter, especially if there were complicating family dynamics. Sexually-abused children were usually victimised by unrelated, known males, less often by male relatives, and infrequently by strangers, fathers, or step-fathers. One-third of the sexual abusers were aged less than 17, and over 40% of the young offenders were aged less than 12. As with adult sexual offenders, the child and teenage sexual offenders were predominantly male. Child-abuse investigators usually did not refer the young sexual offenders to the authorities for follow-up. Risk factors for sexual abuse included being female and living with a single parent. Social workers often did not meet with sexually-abused children, but instead usually referred them for a forensic interview. Social workers may not have explored issues related to the sexually-abused children�s behaviour or their families in the manner that they did for the physically-abused children. In both physical- and sexual-abuse cases, social workers were more likely to take action if children had made clear disclosures of abuse. However, despite disclosure being an important factor in decision-making, child-abuse investigators still did not meet with or interview every child, particularly preschool children and physically-abused children. The majority of factors that influenced child-abuse investigators� decisions to interview children were related to practice issues, in sexual-abuse cases, or tolerance of parental violence towards children, in physical-abuse cases. Preschool children, whether physically- or sexually-abused, did not present differently from 5- or 6-year-olds in their behaviour or style of disclosure. However, compared to older children, child-abuse investigators were unlikely to interview preschoolers. To conclude the thesis, I will highlight lessons to be learned from the present study and will make recommendations for child-abuse investigators, any professionals working with children and families, and the government of New Zealand.

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4

Grabe, Suzette. "Die opvoeding van die mishandelde kind." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1296.

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Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education in the Department of Educational Psychology and Special Education in the Faculty of Education at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2000.
Die navorsing ondersoek die opvoedingsnood van die mishandelde kind met die klem op die vennootskap tussen die opvoeder en die mishandelde kind in sy opweg- wees na volwassenheid. Daar word ook gelet op die persepsie van die voorstander van kinderregte van die mishandelde kind se verhouding met homself, ander, idees en dinge en Godfn god binne sy eie leefwereld. Aandag word geskenk aan problematiese opvoedingsgebeure waaraan die kind blootgestel mag word en die invloed wat hierdie gebeure op die onderaktualisering van die psigiese lewe mag he. Die wordingsdoeleindes van die kind onder die opskrifte: betekeniswereld, adekwate self en toebehorenheid word bespreek. Een van die opvoeder se take is onder andere om die kind in staat te stel om homself in die wereld te onenteer sodat hy sy eie leefwereld kan konstitueer. Deur relasies met homself, ander, idees en dinge en Godfn god te vorm, konstitueer hy 'n betekenisvolle leefwereld. 'n Selfgestruktureerde vraelys is as. meetinstrument gebruik. Die opstel, verspreiding en voltooiing daarvan word volledig behandel. Die aanbieding en ontleding van data word bespreek. Waar nodig, word van beskrywende statistiek gebruik gemaak. Uit die analise van die data het dit geblyk dat die mishandelde kind oor die algemeen nie baie gelukkig is nie, hy slaap nie rustig nie en hy neem oor die algemeen 'n aggressiewe houding in en is nie vriendelik nie. 'n Groot aantal het gevoel dat daar nie regtig goed in hulle steek nie en dat hulle die mi~handeling waaraan hulle blootgestel is, verdien. Wat die verhouding met ander betref, het dit geblyk dat daar tog op een van die ouers of versorgers se liefde en ondersteuning staatgemaak kan word, dat daar vertroue in die voorstander van kinderregte is en dat 'n klein persentasie van mishandelde kinders goed met volwassenes oor die weg kom. Oor die algemeen is verhoudings met huidiqe vriende goed. Ongelukkig het dit geblyk dat min mishandelde kinders 'n goeie toekonisperspektief het. Wat die relasiedimensie met Godfn god betref, het min kinders hierdie verhouding as 'n prioriteit in hul lewens gestel. Ter afsluiting word daar enkele aanbevelings aan die hand gedoen: • Oat die ouer/versorger se opvoedings- en onderrigtaak deur aile partye (staat, kerk, skool, ensovoorts) aandag behoort te geniet. • Oat ouers/versorgers - as prirnere opvoeders -van hulle verantwoordelikhede bewus gemaak behoort te word by wyse van werkswinkels, ondersteuning en kommunikasie tussen die skool en die huis. • Oat die kerk as infonnele opvoeder, kinders genoegsaam geestelik onderrig. Die hoop word uitgespreek dat hierdie beskeie bydrae 'n sinvolle bydrae tot die leefwereld van die mishandelde kind sal maak. = During this study research was conducted pertaining to the educational need of the abused child, with the emphasis on the partnership between the educator and the abused child on his way- to maturity- . Attention was also focused on the perception of the Protector of children's rights on the life world of the abused child.. A self-constructed questionnaire was used as measuring instrument. The construction, distribution and completion of the questionnaire were discussed in detail. The presentation and analysis of data was also discussed. Where necessary descriptive statistics were used to analyse data. From the analysis of the data it became clear that the abused child is not a happy child, he does not sleep well, becomes aggressive often and is not very fiiendly. A large number ofabused children were under the impression that they deserved the abuse they had experienced. Regarding the relationship with others, most children indicated that they trusted and i or loved at least one of their parents. They also trusted the Protector of children's rights. Few experienced meaningful relations with adults or a positive perspective on the future. Pertaining to their relationship to God! a god, very few expressed this relationship as a priority. Based on the accumulated findings of the research the following recommendations were made: • That parent's educational responsibilities be recognised by the government, churches and school. • Parents as primary educator's responsibilities should be emphasised by means of . workshops, support groups and meaningful communication between home and school • That the church as informal educator should provide sufficient support to the abused child. It is hoped that this study will make a meaningful contribution towards the life world of the abused child.

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5

Seale, Heather A. "The trauma symptomatology of peer abused children /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2006. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1257795301&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1193672581&clientId=22256.

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6

Homeyer, Linda. "Play Therapy Behavior of Sexually Abused Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277920/.

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This survey research was designed to identify play therapy behaviors of sexually abused children. A survey instrument was developed from a comprehensive review of the professional literature and the assistance of an expert panel. After a field test, 140 items of play therapy behavior were developed into a survey instrument. The respondent was asked to rate on a Likert scale the frequency of occurrence of these play therapy behaviors of sexually abused children. Each play therapy behavior was rated for the following four groups: Males, 3-6 Years; Females, 3-6 Years; Males, 7-10 Years and Females, 7-10 Years. The entire international membership of the Association of Play Therapy (APT) was used to obtain the largest possible number of viable responses. As anticipated, of the 786 replies, 41% were not seeing sexually abused children in play therapy. In order to insure the most robust findings possible, it was determined to utilize data from the 249 most experienced play therapists (having worked with 16 or more sexually abused children). The typical respondent in this group was a female play therapist, 40-50 years of age, with a Masters degree in Counseling or Social Work.

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7

Coyle, Edward L. (Edward Louis) 1965. "Precocious Ego Development in Physically Abused Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279373/.

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The Rorschach records and Wechsler Intelligence Scale scores of sixty-six children between the ages of 5 and 13 were compared. Subjects in each group were from one of three conditions: children who have documented histories of physical abuse, children referred for clinical intervention with no history of abuse, and a community sample of children with no documented history of abuse or psychological treatment. Data from the groups were analyzed to examine evidence of increased reliance on ego functions related to motor activity and concurrent deficits in other areas of ego function by subjects in the physical abuse group. Results revealed that the physical abuse group showed a greater tendency toward color-dominant responses on the Rorschach than the comparison groups and that the Community control group produced records with lower extended form quality than the clinical groups. No significant differences were found for Performance/Verbal IQ split, EB style, Cooperative Movement or Aggressive content.

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8

Coleman, Shannon L. "Criterion validation of the Binghamton Childhood Abuse Screen (BCAS) using the modified Stroop procedure." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2008.

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9

Mitchell, Barbara E. "Physical health of maltreated children shortly after entry into foster care : assessment and prediction of documented medical problems and caregiver reported health status /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3044789.

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10

Nguyen, My Linh Thi. "Health consequences of child and adult sexual abuse /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16613.pdf.

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11

Fennimore, Beatrice Schneller. "A study of the passage of PL 93-247 : the child abuse prevention and treatment act of 1974 /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1986. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/10625896.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1986.
Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Leslie R. Williams. Dissertation Committee: Karen B. Kepler-Zumwalt. Bibliography: leaves 247-259.

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12

Dryden, Kyrsha M. "Child abuse and neglect a resource guide /." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009drydenk.pdf.

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13

Bricker, Sandra G. "A community approach to the prevention of child abuse and neglect /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487265555440819.

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14

Hayes, Joan Linda. "Childhood sexual abuse and sexuality, a group approach for women sexually abused as children." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23335.pdf.

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15

Grobbelaar, Riaan Martinus. "Caregivers' perceptions of desensitization among sexually abused children." University of the Western cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5404.

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Magister Artium (Social Work) - MA(SW)
Children react differently to the traumatic incidence of sexual abuse. Some children develop symptomatic behaviours associated with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in reaction to sexual abuse, such as apathy, which is a form of desensitisation. Others appear less affected by the sexual abuse and may also be regarded as desensitised and possessing resilience. Incongruence thus exists, as the one may be taken incorrectly for the other. Many children enter alternative care settings after being sexually abused, and are cared for by caregivers other than their natural parents. These caregivers interact with the children regularly and their perceptions may provide valuable insight into desensitisation among these children. This study set out to explore caregivers' perceptions on desensitisation among children who had been sexually abused. The study is explorative and descriptive in nature and grounded in a qualitative design. Purposive sampling was used to form three focus groups. The focus group interviews yielded data that was transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. The findings arrived at were written up, presented and discussed. The findings were recommended to be used to inform social workers and other members of the helping professions on how to approach and interact with caregivers of sexually abused children in the future, and to influence perceptions they might hold. Further recommendations were made to better design and implement future studies.

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16

Bashford, Vivia. "Mothers sexually abused as children : perceptions of parenting." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243136.

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17

Liu, Tingting, and 刘婷婷. "Prevalence and risk factors of child victimization in China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47849526.

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Children are among the most vulnerable to violence. A global problem, child victimization has been extensively studied in the context of public health research. As negative consequences of victimization are demonstrated, estimation of its prevalence and identification of its risk factors are two major concerns of researchers. Intimate partner violence (IPV), a worldwide prevalent family problem in itself, is directly or indirectly demonstrated in association with risk of different child victimizations. However, majority of previous studies on child victimization were fragmented into clusters that center on specific forms of victimization, primarily those involving conventional crime, maltreatment, peer and sibling abuse, sexual violence, and witnessing of violence. Efforts for assessing complete pattern of victimization in children emerged only in recent years. Nevertheless, this initial development that has clear research gaps is far from being enough. In such a context, the present study was conducted, in a comprehensive perspective, to uncover pattern and prevalence, and to identify risk factors of child victimization in the Chinese context. IPV was particularly examined on its relationship with child victimization. The ecological theory and family systems theory were integrated to build the conceptual research framework, a family-based ecological model comprising levels of individual, family, community, and social culture. This study adopts a quantitative approach. Questionnaire survey was successfully conducted among 953 parents of children aged 0-17 years old in Wuhan, China. The respondents were identified through a four-stage stratified sampling method. For the sake of ethical consideration and research requirement, child victimization cases were reported by the parents. The Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ) was employed for measuring child victimization. Approximately one in two children was reported having victimization. Of these victims, the proportion of those who suffered from two or more types of victimization was as high as half; children whose parents reported IPV accounted for one-third. Through multiple logistic regression analyses, the hypothesis that prior victimization can increase the risk of other victimizations was confirmed. A series of factors in the ecological model, including IPV, were identified to have association with child victimization. All the ecological factors were further examined using a structured multiphase logistic regression analysis. The results of two regression models were compared. The factors identified to be associated with the risk of child victimization involve all four levels of the ecological model. The finding suggests that occurrence of child victimization and IPV are associated and share common risk factors in the family-based ecological system. The findings emphasize the necessity of a comprehensive screening for child victimization, and highlight cooperation between services for partners and for children. The implications also include the application of family-based ecological perspective in research, and the formulation of family-based systematic prevention policies on child victimization and related family problems. In general, the reexamination of the ecological theory with emphasis on family in this study promotes the theoretical indigenization in China. The research findings contribute to the scientific database on child victimization and provide valuable implications for policies and practice of child protection.
published_or_final_version
Social Work and Social Administration
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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18

Peláez, Merrick Melissa Teresa. "Pathways from child maltreatment to juvenile delinquency sexualized behaviors and loneliness /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3306501.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2008.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 16, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 84-94).

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19

Becker, Jennifer L. "Socioemotional Outcomes of Children Sexually Abused during Early Childhood." FIU Digital Commons, 2007. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/11.

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This study investigated the nature and impact of the sexual abuse of children ages birth through 6 years. The purpose was to enhance knowledge about this understudied population through examination of: (1) characteristics of the abuse; (2) socioemotional developmental outcomes of young victims; and (3) potential moderating effects of family dynamics. An ecological-developmental theoretical framework was applied. Secondary data analysis was conducted using data collected from the consortium Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN). A sample of 250 children was drawn from LONGSCAN data, including children who were sexually abused (n=125) and their nonabused counterparts (n=125), matched on demographic variables. Results revealed that young victims of sexual abuse were disproportionately female (91 girls; 73%). The sexual abuse committed against these youngsters was severe in nature, with 111 children (89%) experiencing contact offenses ranging from fondling to forcible rape. Sixty-two percent of child victims demonstrated borderline, clinical, or less than adequate functioning on normative, expected socioemotional outcomes. Child victims reported low degrees of perceived competence and satisfaction in the social environment. When compared with their nonabused counterparts, child victims demonstrated significantly poorer socioemotional functioning, as evidenced by aggressive behaviors, attention and thought problems. Sexually abused youngsters also reported lower self-perceptions of cognitive and physical competence and maternal acceptance. Family dynamic factors did not significantly moderate the relationships between abuse and socioemotional outcomes, with one exception. The caregivers’ degree of empathy for their children had a significant moderating effect on the children’s social problems. This study contributes to an otherwise scant body of literature on the sexual abuse of preschoolers. Findings provide implications for social work practice, especially in the development of assessment and prevention strategies.

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20

Warren, Annmarie Maione 1968. "Neuropsychological aspects of sustained attention in sexually abused children." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282289.

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Attention is one advanced skill in the field of neuropsychology which is associated with the frontal lobe of the human brain. As there have been many studies supporting the idea that sexually abused children demonstrate attentional deficits (Williamson, Borduin, & Howe, 1991; Putnam, 1993; Mennen, 1994; Maynes, 1994), the current study sought to assess attentional deficits in sexually abused children, and then establish any relationship linking child sexual abuse (CSA) and neuropsychology. Victims of sexual abuse have also been found to demonstrate higher levels of anxiety than non-sexually abused children (Conte & Schuerman 1987; Briere & Runtz, 1988; Heibert-Murphy 1992; Mennen & Meadow, 1994; Trickett & Putnam, 1994b). Secondarily, this study examined level of anxiety, in an effort to determine whether the children's attentional problems could be related to high anxiety level. Both the neuropsychological ability to sustain attention and self-reports of level of anxiety were examined in a group of thirty children, fifteen of whom had been sexually abused and fifteen who were reported to be non-sexually abused, for the purpose of learning whether any differences would be discovered between the two groups. Sustained attention was measured through three different assessment instruments: the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, the Mazes subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Third Edition, and the Trail-Making Test, Parts A and B. Anxiety was measured by the children's self-reports of anxiety on the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. Although trends of greater perseverative responses to attentional tasks were found in the sexually abused group, no significant main effects for group were found on the neuropsychological test performance. Similar to the findings of previous research studies, the sexually abused group displayed significantly higher levels of physiological anxiety, worry/oversensitivity, and social concerns. Present findings seem to suggest that attentional difficulties in sexually abused children may be more related to emotional than neuropsychological difficulties.

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21

Manzini, Nomazinga Faith. "The impact of philophonetics-counselling on sexual abused children." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1117.

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A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychology University of Zululand, South Africa, 2010.
Philophonetics Counselling is a modality of counseling and psychotherapy based on Rudolf Steiner’s Psychosopy, created by Yehuda Tagar in the 80’s in England and Australia. It applies the powerful sensory, emotional and psychosomatic responses to the sound of speech-in association with body awareness, movement and visualization-as extensions of the conventional component of the psychotherapeutic interaction (Tagar, 2003; Lifschitz 2002). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Philophonetics Counselling on sexually abused children between the ages of 12 and 17 years. This study was conducted in the Bloemfontein area of Free State and Piet Retief area of Mpumalanga. The nature of the research is concerned with the applicability of the modality to individuals under the age of 18 years, and the individuals’ psychological responsiveness to the modality. Data was collected during and after counseling session, by means of drawings, sound, gestures and movement. Ten (10) individuals participated in the study and the age group of the participants was between 15 and 17 years.

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22

Hendricks, Mary E. "A study of the relationship between male sexual victimization and sexual aggression against females /." View online, 1993. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211998880617.pdf.

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23

Kikuchi, Jacqueline Jackson. "Evaluation of a child abuse awareness program /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2004. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3145422.

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24

Yuen, Kwun-ying Queenie. "The impact of father visitation on children exposed to domestic violence /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36783535.

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25

Thode, Rick D. (Rick Davis). "Object Representations of Sexually and Multiply Abused Females: A TAT Analysis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278277/.

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Object representations of sexually abused girls were compared to those of a clinical control group with no history of maltreatment. In addition, girls subjected to sexual abuse by itself were compared with girls who were sexually abused in conjunction with physical abuse and/or neglect (i.e., multiply abused). TAT stories were analyzed using the Object Relations and Social Cognition Scale which assesses four dimensions of object relations. It was hypothesized that sexually abused children would manifest more general and highly pathognomic impairment than controls along four dimensions of object relations. It was also hypothesized that multiple abuse would be associated with more general and highly pathognomic impairment in object relations than sexual abuse by itself.

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26

Farris, Kelly Leanne. "A developmental perspective on juvenile sexual offenders the role of childhood abuse in the development of psychopathology and sex offending behavior /." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/07M%20Dissertations/FARRIS_KELLY_11.pdf.

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27

Van, Zyl Elizabeth Jacoba. "Maatskaplike werkers se assessering van seksueel gemolesteerde kinders in hul middelkinderjare." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4461.

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Thesis (M Social Work))--University of Stellenbosch, 2001.
277 leaves single sided printed, preliminary pages i-xv and numbered pages 1-255. Includes bibliography, list of tables and figures. Used a Hp Scanjet 8250 Scanner to pdf format(OCR).
ENGLISH ABSTRACT:The purpose of the research for this assignment was to establish and provide guidelines as well as techniques according to which social workers, who are involved in family welfare organisations, will be able not only to assess molested children in their middle childhood, but also to plan and introduce the required intervention. To achieve the aforementioned, use was made of a literature survey in terms of which all aspects of sexual molestation that need to be considered whilst handling molested children as well as the phases and processes of assessing such molestations, are discussed. Techniques are also proposed according to which such assessments could be performed. Following this study the empirical research was utilised by means of exploratory and descriptive studies. To obtain the required information, data was collected by means of a postal (mail) questionnaire containing quantitative as well as qualitative questions. This research has shown that social workers do not regard themselves as adequately equipped in handling cases involving sexually molested children. Their (social workers) knowledge and skills in terms of the areas relating to service delivery came across as being poor. The respondents agreed that the shortage of resources restricted the referral of these cases. This results in social workers having to treat such cases themselves. It is apparent that knowledge regarding the handling of molested children is mostly gained by practical experience. Assessments are often carried out without the required theoretical background. This contributes to findings and actions taken not always being scientifically substantiated, resulting in a lack of professional conduct. The study also shows that the training and conduct of social workers, especially as it relates to the assessing of sexually molested children which could lead to statutory action in terms of the Children's Status Act 82 of 1987 (as amended) as well as the Sexual Offences Act 23 of 1957, are lacking. No clear guidelines and policy are stipulated in this instance by the family welfare organisations. Based on the findings of this research the deduction is made that social workers, despite the statutory obligation they have towards a sexually molested child, do not possess the necessary skills or are not equipped with the competence required to execute the task on hand. In this regard social workers have a significant need to learn and be given the required competence, as organisations and tertiary institutions currently do not equip them adequately or effectively. Recommendations relative to the assessment of sexually molested children have been made to tertiary institutions, organisations and social workers. Opportunities for further research are also indicated.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie navorsing is om riglyne en tegnieke voor te stel waarvolgens maatskaplike werkers werksaam by gesinsorgorganisasies gemolesteerde kinders in hulle middelkinderjare kan assesseer en intervensie kan beplan. Om daarin te slaag, is 'n literatuurstudie ondemeem ten opsigte van alle aspekte van seksuele molestering wat in ag geneem moet word in die hantering van gemolesteerde kinders. Die fases en prosesse van assessering word bespreek en tegnieke word voorgestel waarvolgens die assessering gedoen kan word. Daarna is die empiriese ondersoek onderneem deur middel van 'n verkennende en beskrywende studie. Posvraelyste, bestaande uit kwantitatiewe sowel as kwalitatiewe vrae, is benut vir data-insameling. Die navorsing het getoon dat maatskaplike werkers hulleself nie bekwaam ag in die hantering van seksueel gemolesteerde kinders nie. Hulle kennis en vaardighede ten opsigte van die area van dienslewering kom swak voor. Die respondente was dit eens dat 'n tekort aan hulpbronne verwysing van die gevalle bemoeilik, wat meebring dat maatskaplike werkers die gevalle self moet hanteer. Dit is duidelik dat kennis ten opsigte van die hantering van gemolesteerde kinders meestal deur middel van praktykervaring verkry word. Assessering word dikwels sonder die nodige teoretiese agtergrond uitgevoer wat meebring dat bevindinge en optrede nie altyd wetenskaplik verklaarbaar is nie en daartoe lei dat daar 'n tekort aan professionele optrede is. Die navorsing toon voorts dat maatskaplike werkers se opleiding en optrede ten opsigte van die assessering van seksueel gemolesteerde kinders vir statutere optrede ingevolge die Wet op Kindersorg (Wet 74 van 1983 soos gewysig) sowel as die Wet op Seksuele Misdrywe (Wet 23 van 1957) veral tekort skiet. Geen duidelike riglyne en beleid word in die verband deur gesinsorgorganisasies neergelê nie. Na aanleiding van die bevindinge word die gevolgtrekking gemaak dat maatskaplike werkers, ten spyte daarvan dat hulle 'n statutêre verpligting teenoor die seksueel gemolesteerde kind het, nie oor die nodige bevoegdheid beskik om die taak uit te voer nie. Maatskaplike werkers toon 'n groot leerbehoefte in die verband, aangesien gesinsorgorganisasies en opleidingsinstellings hulle tans nie genoegsaam toerus nie. Aanbevelings ten opsigte van die assessering van seksueel gemolesteerde kinders word aan opleidingsinstansies, gesinsorgorganisasies en maatskaplike werkers gemaak. Moontlikhede vir verdere navorsing word ook vermeld.

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Spoel, Martijn van der. "Identifying behavioral, psychological, physical, and spiritual signs or symptoms of children which suggest the possibility of sexual abuse its implications for the church based teacher /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.

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Edwards, Valerie Joan. "The risk of sexual assault and mental health problems in adult daughters of battered women /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Costas, Mary Bassett. "Filial Therapy with Non-Offending Parents of Children Who Have Been Sexually Abused." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279023/.

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This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of filial therapy as a method of intervention for non-offending parents and their children who have experienced sexual abuse. Filial therapy is a didactic/dynamic approach used by play therapists to train parents to be therapeutic agents with their children. Parents are taught basic child-centered play therapy skills and the utilization of these skills in weekly play sessions with their children. Parents learn to create a special environment which enhances and strengthens the parent-child relationship, thus assisting in personal growth and change for both the parent and child. The purpose of this study was to determine if filial therapy is effective in: (a) increasing the acceptance of non-offending parents of their sexually abused children; (b) reducing the stress level of non-offending parents; (c) improving empathic behaviors of non-offending parents toward their sexually abused child; (d) decreasing the anxiety of sexually abused children; (e) enhancing the self-concept of sexually abused children; (f) decreasing behavior problems of sexually abused children as reported by their non-offending parents; and (g) enhancing the emotional adjustment of sexually abused children.

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Chan, Suk-fan. "An exploratory study on the relationship between female victims and their non-offending mothers after the disclosure of intrafamilial child sexual abuse : developing a framework for intervention /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42128547.

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Chau, Yip Rebecca. "A hive : soul refuge for abused children & their families /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25951099.

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Milgrom, Claire. "Play therapy with children who have been abused or neglected." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0005/MQ45098.pdf.

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Merz, Elisabeth Ann Robb Sheri L. "Music therapy for abused and neglected children a survey study /." Diss., UMK access, 2007.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Conservatory of Music. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2007.
"A thesis in music therapy." Typescript. Advisor: Sheri L. Robb. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed dec. 18, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-79). Online version of the print edition.

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Chau, Yip Rebecca, and 周曄. "A hive: soul refuge for abused children & their families." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31984460.

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36

Jones, Hilary. "A study of intensive outpatient psychotherapy with sexually abused children." Thesis, University of East London, 2004. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3846/.

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This is a study of the usefulness of psychoanalytic psychotherapy in the treatment of a group of severely disturbed children, for each of whom there was good evidence of sexual abuse. This abuse had begun early in life; and had been perpetrated within a family by one or more male figures; in the presence of a mother who was unable to intervene. The purpose of the study was to examine whether, and how, such treatment could be of help to the child. It was felt necessary to approach the work via a small group of detailed case studies; partly because the children are uncommon, and a large statistical study would be difficult to organise (cf Trowell 2001). Further, the existence of a sort of diagnostic category to describe the children was really only elucidated by the process of making the detailed case studies in the therapy room and through supervision. Thus it was possible to make an examination of the mental and emotional processes which had brought about the children's condition and of approaches that were likely to help; and to review when and in what circumstances the child was helped. This approach was therefore more open-ended than a statistical study could be. Its similarities, for example, continuous review and triangulation, with the method defined by Glaser and Strauss (1967), in the field of Sociology, as Grounded Theory, are described below; as is the method of doing this via sessions with the child as part of his/her treatment, and the recording of an archive of notes (data collection); subsequent triangulation against the literature that was found to help; data analysis through first and second supervisions; and further review and analysis leading to conclusions and recommendations for practice. For this purpose, therefore, the case study technique was found to be more appropriate. Findings were that a group of children exists among those who have been sexually abused, who are not truly psychotic but who have precarious contact with reality. The precariousness of reality for them derives from the lack of emotional comprehension on the part of a mother figure, who, for reasons described below, has a heavy emotional investment in the child's abuse by a partner of hers - that is to say, the whole family group is involved in a dire failure of the oedipal triangle. This group of children, probably synonymous with the Tavistock Society's category of Multiple Traumatic Loss, defy understanding by experienced workers who rely on the child's having some trust in the strength and power of adults. They were better understood by the researcher when the concept of the Dangerous Inner Object became available (Dubinsky and Dubinsky 1998) - their distrust is so overwhelming, because their experiences are so adverse, that they have no hope of help, but have to learn about it, against all their beliefs. In the field of Attachment, such children are described as Disorganised, and as hating and fearing the simultaneously needed attachment figure. This description seems both apt and accurate from a descriptive and diagnostic point of view. It also enables links to be made with work published in the field of neuroscience by workers such as Schore (2001) and Siegel (1999) - see below; but the writer has found the Dangerous Object idea more helpful to the treatment process, in which the aim is for the child to acquire and to internalise over however long a time is needed, a different and more integrated kind of object development. Because of the difficulty of doing this work without considerable background in theory, and because of the intensity and time input needed, the researcher's conclusion was that lasting improvement, measured by the sense of relief in the child as well as improved functioning (but not measured in terms of ease of management by the adults) would only be achieved where psychotherapy was used. Naturally the child would also need a stable, understanding Holding Environment as well as educational facilities which could work with him/her; though it was found that the child's ability to make use of education and other sources of help improved with the therapeutic treatment.

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Brosbe, Micah S. "Beyond PTSD: Predictors of Psychological Comorbidities in Sexually Abused Children." NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/13.

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Several studies have found a number of internalizing (i.e., depressive and anxiety disorders) and externalizing (i.e., attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, oppositional-defiant disorder) disorders to be prevalent among youth who have experienced child maltreatment. Several studies have also demonstrated that aspects of the maltreatment experiences and family environment may potentially predict the severity or magnitude of psychopathology among maltreated children. The purpose of this study was to determine potential abuse-related (i.e., frequency, severity, relation to perpetrator, age at onset, other forms of maltreatment) and family environment (i.e., cohesion, adaptability) predictors of psychological comorbidity in sexually abused children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants included 75 (56 female) clinically-referred children and adolescents aged 5.89-17.12 years (mean=10.95, SD=3.114) and their parents. Measures included the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children, Epidemiological Version, the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales, third edition, and a questionnaire assessing demographic and abuse-related information. Based on diagnostic status, participants were assigned to the Simple PTSD group (no comorbid diagnoses), the Internalizing group (met criteria for a depressive or anxiety disorder but no externalizing disorders), or the Global group (met criteria for an externalizing disorder and may or may not have met criteria for an internalizing disorder). Multinomial logistic regression models were estimated and odds ratio cutoff values were utilized to determine clinically significant predictors of comorbidity group. Results indicated that males were more likely to be in one of the comorbid groups (either Internalizing or Global groups) than females, and those who were abused multiple times were more likely to be in one of the two comorbid groups than participants who experienced one incident of abuse. Similarly, participants who had lower levels of family cohesion and adaptability were more likely to be in one of the comorbid groups than those who had higher levels of family cohesion and adaptability. Younger participants and those who had experienced penetration were more likely to have an externalizing diagnosis (i.e., be in the Global group) than older participants and those who had experienced less physically invasive forms of sexual abuse. Results are discussed in light of previous research and theoretical models of heterogeneous presentations of childhood traumatic stress.

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Isler, Diane E. (Diane Evelyn). "Rorschach Assessment of Object Relations Development in Sexually Abused Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500770/.

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Sexual abuse of children has profound negative effects on psychological development. This study examined the effects of sexual abuse on object relations functioning by using the Mutuality of Autonomy Scale (MAS, Urist, 1977) to score Rorschach protocols of 63 abused children and 60 non-abused clinical controls. The hypothesis that abused children would have less developed object relations than their non-abused counterparts was not supported. Neither was the hypothesis that children who experienced greater severity of sexual abuse would exhibit more malevolent object relations. The hypothesis that mean and modal MAS scores would be highly intercorrelated and interchangeable as research variables was supported. Comparisons of this sample to a normative sample are discussed.

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Peterson, Susanne Lunt 1942. "Sexually abused children and group therapy: a guide for counselors." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558182.

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Corr, Catherine, Carol M. Trivette, Rosa Milagros Santo, and Susan Connor. "The DEC Recommended Practices and Young Abused Children with Disabilities." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4437.

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41

Kaleniuk-Petherbridge, Zina. "Appraisal, coping and initial psychological outcome in sexually abused children." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142344.

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Malan, Christoffel Naudé. "Die verhale van kinders wat seksuele misbruik oorleef het 'n pastoraal-narratiewe ondersoek /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05252006-125618/.

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43

Merryfield, Elizabeth Ann. "Application of the Rorschach in evaluating the role of the Traumagenic Dynamics Model for adolescents sexually abused as children." View full text, 2001.

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44

Middle, Claire. "An evaluation of the therapeutic alliance : a comparison between clients sexually abused as children and non-abused clients." Thesis, Open University, 1999. http://oro.open.ac.uk/57987/.

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This exploratory study aimed to investigate whether clients who have experienced childhood sexual abuse (CSA) differ from clients who have not disclosed such abuse, in the quality of the therapeutic alliance, level of interpersonal difficulties and in the elements viewed as important in the alliance. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Standardised questionnaires were used to investigate differences in alliance and interpersonal difficulties. Grounded theory was used to investigate the factors that were important in the therapeutic alliance for clients with a history of CSA. The women interviewed in the CSA group reported significantly lower scores than women in the non-CSA group on the Working Alliance Inventory, although overall scores for both groups were high. There were no overall significant differences in the level of interpersonal difficulties between the two groups, although the groups did differ on one sub-scale of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems 32. The qualitative analysis suggested that clients from both groups raised many similar issues as important in the therapeutic alliance. These included factors relating to the therapist, to the therapy and to the client's perception of the relationship. The issues of commitment, being believed, and the therapist not showing negative reactions were mentioned only by the survivors of CSA. Overall, the qualitative analysis revealed that a wide range of factors were relevant to both groups of clients, although the factors of commitment and therapist's reactions may be particularly relevant to work with survivors of childhood sexual abuse.

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45

Lai, Ching-yee Christina. "The mother's perceptions of intimate partner violence (IPV) effect on their children /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31683538.

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46

Ma, Yee-man Ellen, and 馬綺文. "Developmental trauma in Chinese children with repeated familial physical and sexual abuse." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45588521.

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47

Dempze, Jessica R. "An investigation into Wisconsin public schools sexual abuse intervention programs." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000dempzej.pdf.

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48

Tsang, Fung-yee, and 曾鳳儀. "The comparative study of child developmental knowledge between abusiveand nonabusive mothers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31248470.

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49

Cairns, Sharon L. "MMPI-2 and Rorschach assessments of adults physically abused as children." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq23584.pdf.

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50

Sabourin, Ward Caryn. "The Examination of Indivdiual Differences Among Abused Children Using Cluster Analysis." NCSU, 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03202006-221351/.

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Investigations historically have been designed to identify the ways in which abused children differ from their nonabused peers. Although those studies have been instrumental in increasing the understanding of typical sequela of child abuse, past research has not informed us about differences that might exist within groups of abused children. The purpose of the current study was to examine individual differences in social adjustment among physically abused children using cluster analysis, a strategy based on a person-oriented approach to understanding individual differences. Participants were 98 children and their parents. All of the children had a substantiated history of physical abuse. Children?s problem solving skills and intent attributions were evaluated using hypothetical vignettes. In addition, parents and children participated in a 30-minute play session that was videotaped for later coding of parent behavior. Approximately six months after the clinic assessment, each child was observed during unstructured play and teachers completed the Social Behavior Scale (SBS) to describe the child?s adjustment. Cluster analyses were conducted on seven variables derived from the sample of playground behavior and the SBS. Using a number of criteria, support was found to extract three clusters. The ?Social Difficulties? cluster was comprised of children who received the highest ratings for social maladjustment and the lowest for prosocial behavior. The ?Socially Well Adjusted? subgroup was compromised of children who received the highest teacher ratings for prosocial behavior and the lowest for social maladjustment. Children comprising the ?At Risk? cluster were moderately well adjusted in social behavior; their scores were between those of the other clusters. A secondary purpose of the proposed research was to examine whether intellectual functioning, attributions of intent, social problem solving skills, and/or parental warmth predicted cluster membership. Only hostile attributions of intent was found to be a significant predictor of cluster membership. Findings support our assertion that there are clinically-relevant subgroups among children who have experienced abuse. Although these findings should be considered preliminary pending replication, they do point to the potential utility of examining individual differences in functioning among samples of abused children.

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