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1
Cox, James W., Michele Akeroyd, and Danielle P. Oliver. "Integrated water resource assessment for the Adelaide region, South Australia." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 374 (October 17, 2016): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-374-69-2016.
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Abstract. South Australia is the driest state in the driest inhabited country in the world, Australia. Consequently, water is one of South Australia's highest priorities. Focus on water research and sources of water in the state became more critical during the Millenium drought that occurred between 1997 and 2011. In response to increased concern about water sources the South Australian government established The Goyder Institute for Water Research – a partnership between the South Australian State Government, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Flinders University, University of Adelaide and University of South Australia. The Goyder Institute undertakes cutting-edge science to inform the development of innovative integrated water management strategies to ensure South Australia's ongoing water security and enhance the South Australian Government's capacity to develop and deliver science-based policy solutions in water management. This paper focuses on the integrated water resource assessment of the northern Adelaide region, including the key research investments in water and climate, and how this information is being utilised by decision makers in the region.
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Taylor, Brendan. "Is Australia's Indo-Pacific strategy an illusion?" International Affairs 96, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiz228.
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Abstract Australia has been among the most prominent advocates of the increasingly popular Indo-Pacific concept. This article argues that Canberra's enthusiasm for the concept stems from its appeal to the two dominant traditions of Australian foreign policy—a ‘dependent ally’ tradition and a ‘middle power’ approach. While these two traditions are typically seen as being in tension, the Indo-Pacific concept provides a rare point of convergence between them. The article begins by outlining the appeal of the Indo-Pacific concept to each of these traditions. Using a case-study of recent Australian policy toward the South China Sea disputes, however, the article then demonstrates that Australia has in practice implemented its stated Indo-Pacific strategy far less consistently than its very vocal support would appear to suggest. This disjuncture is attributed to the growing influence of a third, generally understudied, ‘pragmatic’ Australian foreign policy tradition. Because Australia has been such a prominent champion of the Indo-Pacific concept, the article concludes that this divergence between the rhetoric and the reality of Australia's Indo-Pacific strategy threatens to have a negative impact on the concept's broader international appeal and sustainability, particularly among Australia's south-east Asian neighbours.
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Carr, Lidena, Russell Korsch, Arthur Mory, Roger Hocking, Sarah Marshall, Ross Costelloe, Josef Holzschuh, and Jenny Maher. "Structural and stratigraphic architecture of Australia's frontier onshore sedimentary basins: the Western Officer and Southern Carnarvon basins, Western Australia." APPEA Journal 52, no. 2 (2012): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11084.
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During the past five years, the Onshore Energy Security Program, funded by the Australian Government and conducted by Geoscience Australia, in conjunction with state and territory geological surveys, has acquired deep seismic reflection data across several frontier sedimentary basins to stimulate petroleum exploration in onshore Australia. This extended abstract presents data from two seismic lines collected in Western Australia in 2011. The 487 km long Yilgarn-Officer-Musgrave (YOM) seismic line crossed the western Officer Basin in Western Australia, and the 259 km long, Southern Carnarvon Seismic line crossed the Byro Sub-basin of the Southern Carnarvon Basin. The YOM survey imaged the Neoproterozoic to Devonian western Officer Basin, one of Australia's underexplored sedimentary basins with hydrocarbon potential. The survey data will also provide geoscientific knowledge on the architecture of Australia's crust and the relationship between the eastern Yilgarn Craton and the Musgrave Province. The Southern Carnarvon survey imaged the onshore section of the Ordovician to Permian Carnarvon Basin, which offshore is one of Australia's premier petroleum-producing provinces. The Byro Sub-basin is an underexplored depocentre with the potential for both hydrocarbon and geothermal energy. Where the seismic traverse crossed the Byro Sub-basin it imaged two relatively thick half graben, on west dipping bounding faults. Structural and sequence stratigraphic interpretations of the two seismic lines are presented in this extended abstract.
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CARROLL, JOHN, and NOEL HOWIESON. "Abstract: Creativity in Australia Revisited." Journal of Creative Behavior 21, no. 1 (March 1987): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2162-6057.1987.tb00455.x.
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McKay, Roseanna C., Julie M. Arblaster, and Pandora Hope. "Tropical influence on heat-generating atmospheric circulation over Australia strengthens through spring." Weather and Climate Dynamics 3, no. 2 (April 5, 2022): 413–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-413-2022.
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Abstract. Extreme maximum temperatures during Australian spring can have deleterious impacts on a range of sectors from health to wine grapes to planning for wildfires but are studied relatively little compared to spring rainfall. Spring maximum temperatures in Australia have been rising over recent decades, and it is important to understand how Australian spring maximum temperatures develop in the present and warming climate. Australia's climate is influenced by variability in the tropics and extratropics, but some of this influence impacts Australia differently from winter to summer and, consequently, may have different impacts on Australia as spring evolves. Using linear regression analysis, this paper explores the atmospheric dynamics and remote drivers of high maximum temperatures over the individual months of spring. We find that the drivers of early spring maximum temperatures in Australia are more closely related to low-level wind changes, which in turn are more related to the Southern Annular Mode than variability in the tropics. By late spring, Australia's maximum temperatures are proportionally more related to warming through subsidence than low-level wind changes and more closely related to tropical variability. This increased relationship with the tropical variability is linked with the breakdown of the subtropical jet through spring and an associated change in tropically forced Rossby wave teleconnections. An improved understanding of how the extratropics and tropics project onto the mechanisms that drive high maximum temperatures through spring may lead to improved sub-seasonal prediction of high temperatures in the future.
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Lipscombe, Ray, Don Blackmore, and Dennis Elliott. "Australia's Fixed-Wing Aerial Dispersant Capability." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-1-329.
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ABSTRACT Since January 1997, Australia has had in place a fixed-wing aerial dispersant capability (FWADC) designed to provide the country with a cost-effective aerial dispersant delivery system. The FWADC is managed by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) and is funded jointly by AMSA and the Australian Institute of Petroleum (AIP) through its subsidiary, the Australian Marine Oil Spill Centre (AMOSC). The FWADC is based on the concept of using single-engine turbine-powered agricultural aircraft with a payload capacity of between 1,850 and 3,100 Liters of dispersant, depending on aircraft type. At a cost of AUD$400,000 per annum, Australia has access to a minimum of two primary aircraft, 24 hours every day of the year. Additional aircraft complement the two primary aircraft on an “aircraft of opportunity” basis. This paper addresses the background to the development and implementation of Australia's fixed-wing aerial dispersant capability and its integration into Australia's national oil spill response contingency arrangements. It also provides an overview of AMSA's role in managing the capability and providing training for aircraft operators and support crews in aerial dispersant-related operations.
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Zhu, Xiaoshu, Xun Li, and Alan Bensoussan. "Building up Integrative Approaches in Cancer Care with Chinese Medicine in Australia." Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 20, no. 5 (May 2014): A148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/acm.2014.5397.abstract.
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König, U. "Climate change and snow tourism in Australia." Geographica Helvetica 54, no. 3 (September 30, 1999): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-54-147-1999.
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Abstract. This paper examines impacts of climate change as outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCQ on the snow-reliability ofthe Australian ski fields. It is shown that with a «best case» climate scenario for the Australian Alps, all but one resort (Mt Baw Baw) would have at least 60 days of natural snowcover in 2030 and would therefore still be snow-reliable. With a «worst case» scenario in 2070 on the other hand, none of Australia's current ski resorts would be able to operate a profitable ski industry. Possible adaptation strategies of the ski industry to climate change are suggested. It is demonstrated that the more technical adaptation strategies such as snow-making, super-grooming, and snow-farming are well-developed in Australia, while clearly not enough has been done in both the development of non-snow related activities in winter and an enhanced all-season Visitation. This paper therefore argues that Australian ski resorts need to diversify more than they do today or they will ultimately close due to the negative effects of climate change.
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Nürnberg, Dirk, Akintunde Kayode, Karl J. F. Meier, and Cyrus Karas. "Leeuwin Current dynamics over the last 60 kyr – relation to Australian ecosystem and Southern Ocean change." Climate of the Past 18, no. 11 (November 15, 2022): 2483–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-2483-2022.
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Abstract. The Leeuwin Current, flowing southward along the western coast of Australia, is an important conduit for the poleward heat transport and inter-ocean water exchange between the tropical and the subantarctic ocean areas. Its past development and its relationship to Southern Ocean change and Australian ecosystem response is, however, largely unknown. Here we reconstruct sea surface and thermocline temperatures and salinities from foraminiferal-based Mg/Ca and stable oxygen isotopes from areas offshore of southwestern and southeastern Australia, reflecting the Leeuwin Current dynamics over the last 60 kyr. Their variability resembles the biomass burning development in Australasia from ∼60–20 ka BP, implying that climate-modulated changes related to the Leeuwin Current most likely affected Australian vegetational and fire regimes. Particularly during ∼60–43 ka BP, the warmest thermocline temperatures point to a strongly developed Leeuwin Current during Antarctic cool periods when the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) weakened. The pronounced centennial-scale variations in Leeuwin Current strength appear to be in line with the migrations of the Southern Hemisphere frontal system and are captured by prominent changes in the Australian megafauna biomass. We argue that the concerted action of a rapidly changing Leeuwin Current, the ecosystem response in Australia, and human interference since ∼50 BP enhanced the ecological stress on the Australian megafauna until its extinction at ∼43 ka BP. While being weakest during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the deglacial Leeuwin Current intensified at times of poleward migrations of the Subtropical Front (STF). During the Holocene, the thermocline off southern Australia was considerably shallower compared to the short-term glacial and deglacial periods of Leeuwin Current intensification.
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Keenan, Sarah. "Moments of Decolonization: Indigenous Australia in the Here and Now." Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit et Société 29, no. 02 (July 18, 2014): 163–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cls.2014.11.
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Abstract This article traces some of the ways in which Australian law in the post-Mabo era has functioned to discursively historicize Indigenous Australia, that is, to construct Indigenous Australia as a historical relic. I argue that despite law’s continual historicization of Indigenous Australia, there have nonetheless been “moments of decolonization,” as there have been since the colonization of Australia began, in which Indigenous Australia asserts its contemporary presence in opposition to and outside of colonial Australia. Drawing on Doreen Massey’s conceptualization of place and space and three examples, I argue that in these moments, Indigenous activists do not only resist the ongoing project that is settler Australia, they also create an elsewhere to it.
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van Rensch, Peter, and Wenju Cai. "Indo-Pacific–Induced Wave Trains during Austral Autumn and Their Effect on Australian Rainfall." Journal of Climate 27, no. 9 (April 23, 2014): 3208–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00611.1.
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Abstract During austral winter and spring, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD), individually or in combination, induce equivalent-barotropic Rossby wave trains, affecting midlatitude Australian rainfall. In autumn, ENSO is at its annual minimum, and the IOD has usually not developed. However, there is still a strong equivalent-barotropic Rossby wave train associated with tropical Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) variability, with a pressure anomaly to the south of Australia. This wave train is similar in position, but opposite in sign, to the IOD-induced wave train in winter and spring and has little effect on Australian rainfall. This study shows that the SST in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO) displays a high variance during austral autumn, with a strong influence on southeast and eastern Australian rainfall. However, this influence is slightly weaker than that associated with SST to the north of Australia, which shares fluctuations with SST in the SETIO region. The SST north of Australia is coherent with a convective dipole in the tropical Pacific Ocean, which is the source of a wave train to the east of Australia influencing rainfall in eastern Australia. ENSO Modoki is a contributor to the convective dipole and as a result it exerts a weak influence on eastern Australian rainfall through the connecting north Australian SST relationship. Thus, SST to the north of Australia acts as the main agent for delivering the impact of tropical Indo-Pacific variability to eastern Australia.
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Frank, Helen. "Discovering Australia Through Fiction: French Translators as Aventuriers." Meta 51, no. 3 (September 21, 2006): 482–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013554ar.
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Abstract The translation into French of referents of Australia and Australianness in fiction necessitates a considerable variety of translational tendencies and interpretive choices. This study focuses on French translations of selected passages and blurbs from Australian fiction set in regional Australia to determine how referents of Australian flora, fauna, landscape and people are translated and interpreted in a non-English speaking cultural system. Guided by concerns for the target readers’ understanding of the text, French translators employ normative strategies and adaptive procedures common to translation to enhance reader orientation. There is, nonetheless, evidence of culture-specific appropriation of the text and systematic manipulation of Australian referents that goes beyond normative solutions. Such appropriation and manipulation stem from a desire to create and foster culture-specific suppositions about Australia consistent with French preoccupations with colonialism, the exotic, exploration and adventure.
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Stein, J. L., M. F. Hutchinson, and J. A. Stein. "A new stream and nested catchment framework for Australia." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 12 (December 17, 2013): 15433–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-15433-2013.
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Abstract. Nationally framed assessment and planning assists coordination of resource management activities across jurisdictional boundaries and provides context for assessing the cumulative effects of impacts that can be underestimated by local or regional studies. However, there were significant shortcomings in the existing spatial frameworks supporting national assessment and planning for Australia's rivers and streams. We describe the development of a new national stream and nested catchment framework for Australia that includes a fully connected and directed stream network and a nested catchment hierarchy derived using a modified Pfafstetter scheme. The directed stream network with associated catchment boundaries and Pfafstetter coding respect all distributary junctions and topographically driven surface flow pathways including across the areas of low relief and internal drainage that make up over half of the Australian continent. The Pfafstetter coding facilitates multi-scale analyses and easy tracing and query of upstream/downstream attributes and tributary/main stem relationships. Accompanying the spatial layers are 13 lookup tables containing nearly 400 attributes describing the natural and anthropogenic environment of each of the 1.4M stream segments across the Australian continent at multiple spatial scales (segment, sub-catchment and catchment). The database supplies key spatial layers to support national water information and accounting needs and assists a wide range of research, planning and assessment tasks at regional and continental scales. These include the delineation of reporting units for the Australian Water Resources Assessment, the development of an ecohydrological environment classification for Australian streams and the identification of high conservation value aquatic ecosystems for northern Australia.
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Chappell, A., N. P. Webb, R. A. Viscarra Rossel, and E. Bui. "Australian net (1950s–1990) soil organic carbon erosion: implications for CO<sub>2</sub> emission and land–atmosphere modelling." Biogeosciences 11, no. 18 (September 29, 2014): 5235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-5235-2014.
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Abstract. The debate remains unresolved about soil erosion substantially offsetting fossil fuel emissions and acting as an important source or sink of CO2. There is little historical land use and management context to this debate, which is central to Australia's recent past of European settlement, agricultural expansion and agriculturally-induced soil erosion. We use "catchment" scale (∼25 km2) estimates of 137Cs-derived net (1950s–1990) soil redistribution of all processes (wind, water and tillage) to calculate the net soil organic carbon (SOC) redistribution across Australia. We approximate the selective removal of SOC at net eroding locations and SOC enrichment of transported sediment and net depositional locations. We map net (1950s–1990) SOC redistribution across Australia and estimate erosion by all processes to be ∼4 Tg SOC yr−1, which represents a loss of ∼2% of the total carbon stock (0–10 cm) of Australia. Assuming this net SOC loss is mineralised, the flux (∼15 Tg CO2-equivalents yr−1) represents an omitted 12% of CO2-equivalent emissions from all carbon pools in Australia. Although a small source of uncertainty in the Australian carbon budget, the mass flux interacts with energy and water fluxes, and its omission from land surface models likely creates more uncertainty than has been previously recognised.
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Chappell, A., N. P. Webb, R. A. Viscarra Rossel, and E. Bui. "Australian net (1950s–1990) soil organic carbon erosion: implications for CO<sub>2</sub> emission and land–atmosphere modelling." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 5 (May 12, 2014): 6793–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-6793-2014.
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Abstract. The debate about soil erosion substantially offsetting fossil fuel emissions and acting as an important source or sink of CO2 remains unresolved. There is little historical land use and management context to this debate which is central to Australia's recent past of European settlement, agricultural expansion and agriculturally-induced soil erosion. We use "catchment" scale (∼25 km2) estimates of 137Cs-derived net (1950s–1990) soil redistribution of all processes (wind, water and tillage) to calculate the net soil organic carbon (SOC) redistribution across Australia. We approximate the selective removal of SOC at net eroding locations and SOC enrichment of transported sediment and net depositional locations. We map net (1950s–1990) SOC redistribtion across Australia and estimate erosion by all processes ∼4 Tg SOC yr−1 which represents a~loss of ∼2% of the total carbon stock (0–10 cm) of Australia. Assuming this net SOC loss is mineralised, the flux (∼15 Tg CO2-e yr−1) represents an omitted 12% of CO2-e emissions from all carbon pools in Australia. Although a small source of uncertainty in the Australian carbon budget, the mass flux interacts with energy and water fluxes and its omission from land surface models likely creates more uncertainty than has been previously recognised.
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Sari Hutagaol, Yulia Purnama, Fauriatun Helmiah, and Sumantri Sumantri. "Penerapan Metode Algoritma C4.5 untuk Menentukan Kualitas Telur Ayam Australia Terbaik." J-Com (Journal of Computer) 1, no. 3 (November 4, 2021): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33330/j-com.v1i3.1348.
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Abstract: Australia chicken eggs are one of the animal foods that are consumed in addition to meat, fish and milk. Australian chicken eggs contain high nutrition, sustainable availability, and relatively higher prices compared to other eggs, making Australian chicken eggs in great demand by consumers. However, Australian chicken eggs are easily damaged and decreased in quality due to the entry of bacteria into the eggs. CV. Bintang Ternak selection of quality eggs is still done manually by employees, so there is a need for a new method in determining quality eggs. cv. Bintang Ternak has a sample of 90 Australian chicken eggs. The sample used is Australian chicken egg shell, in determining the quality of Australian chicken eggs can be seen from the condition of the egg shells. Planning in solving these problems will use the C4.5 algorithm method. With the application of the C4.5 algorithm method contained in the rapidminer5 application, there are several advantages to be gained, namely in making a simpler decision, shortening employee work, more flexibility in selecting class attributes, accuracy in predicting more effectively and efficiently and easy to understand with there are conclusions generated by the rapidminer5 application that can be seen from the decision tree or rules obtained using 90 samples of test data resulting in an accuracy of 90%. Keywords: Rapid Miner5;Algorithm C4.5;Determining the Best Quality of Australian Chicken Eggs. Abstract: Telur Ayam Autralia merupakan salah satu bahan makanan hewani yang dikonsumsi selain daging, ikan dan susu. Telur ayam australia mengandung gizi yang tinggi, ketersediaan yang berkelanjutan, dan harga yang relatif lebih dibandingkan dengan telur lainnya sehingga menjadikan telur ayam australia sangat diminati oleh para konsumen. Namun, telur ayam australia mudah mengalami kerusakan dan penurunan kualitas akibat masuknya bakteri kedalam telur. CV. Bintang Ternak pemilihan telur yang berkualitas masih dilakukan secara manual oleh karyawan, sehigga perlu adanya metode terbaru dalam penentuan telur yang berkualitas. Cv. Bintang Ternak memiliki sampel telur ayam australia 90 butir. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu kulit telur ayam australia, dalam menentukan kualitas telur ayam australia dapat dilihat dari kondisi kulit telurnya. Perencanaan dalam penyelesaian permasalahan tersebut akan menggunakan metode algoritma C4.5. Dengan adanya penerapan metode algoritma C4.5 yang terdapat pada aplikasi rapidminer5 maka ada beberapa keuntungan yang didapat diperoleh yaitu dalam mengambil suatu keputusan lebih sederhana, mempersingkat pekerja karyawan, lebih fleksibel dalam pemilihan atribut kelas, keakuratan dalam memprediksi lebih efektif dan efisien dan mudah dipahami dengan adanya kesimpulan yang dihasilkan oleh aplikasi rapidminer5 yang dapat dilihat dari pohon keputusan atau rule yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan 90 sampel data uji memghasilkan akurasi sebesar 90%. Kata kunci:RapidMiner5;Algoritma C4.5;Menentukan Kualitas Telur Ayam Australia Terbaik.
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Fozdar, Farida, Sarah Prout Quicke, and David Mickler. "Are Africans in Australia a Diaspora?" Diaspora Studies 15, no. 1 (February 21, 2022): 87–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/09763457-20221002.
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Abstract Migration from the African continent to Australia has increased in volume and diversity in the last three decades, with the most recent census identifying 2.6 % of the total Australian population as either born in, or having at least one parent born in, Africa. In examining demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, and interrogating political, economic, social and cultural transnational practices, using an interdisciplinary approach that combines demography, political science and sociology, this paper seeks to identify in what ways and for what purposes this population might be considered a pan-African diaspora. We argue that there is some evidence of (i) pan-African consciousness underpinning the collective identity of African-Australian community organisations; (ii) governments, NGO s, communities and individuals engaging in activities that contribute meaningfully to Australian society, countries of origin and identity formation; (iii) significant diversity and important cleavages among these populations. Broader research is required to more adequately identify and measure the multifaceted transnational contributions of African-background peoples in Australia.
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Stein, J. L., M. F. Hutchinson, and J. A. Stein. "A new stream and nested catchment framework for Australia." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 5 (May 22, 2014): 1917–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1917-2014.
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Abstract. Nationally framed assessment and planning assists coordination of resource management activities across jurisdictional boundaries and provides context for assessing the cumulative effects of impacts that can be underestimated by local or regional studies. However, there have been significant shortcomings in the existing spatial frameworks supporting national assessment and planning for Australia's rivers and streams. We describe the development of a new national stream and nested catchment framework for Australia that includes a fully connected and directed stream network and a nested catchment hierarchy derived using a modified Pfafstetter scheme. The directed stream network with associated catchment boundaries and Pfafstetter coding respect all distributary junctions and topographically driven surface flow pathways, including those in the areas of low relief and internal drainage that make up over half of the Australian continent. The Pfafstetter coding facilitates multi-scale analyses and easy tracing and query of upstream/downstream attributes and tributary/main stem relationships. Accompanying the spatial layers are 13 lookup tables containing nearly 400 attributes describing the natural and anthropogenic environment of each of the 1.4 M stream segments at multiple spatial scales (segment, sub-catchment and catchment). The database supplies key spatial layers to support national water information and accounting needs and assists a wide range of research, planning and assessment tasks at regional and continental scales. These include the delineation of reporting units for the Australian Water Resources Assessment, the development of an ecohydrological environment classification for Australian streams and the identification of high conservation value aquatic ecosystems for northern Australia.
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Rotstayn, L. D., M. A. Collier, R. M. Mitchell, Y. Qin, S. K. Campbell, and S. M. Dravitzki. "Simulated enhancement of ENSO-related rainfall variability due to Australian dust." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 13 (July 12, 2011): 6575–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-6575-2011.
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Abstract. Australian dust emissions are highly episodic, and this may increase the importance of Australian dust as a climate feedback agent. We compare two 160-year coupled atmosphere-ocean simulations of modern-day climate using the CSIRO Mark 3.6 global climate model (GCM). The first run (DUST) includes an interactive treatment of mineral dust and its direct radiative effects. The second run (NODUST) is otherwise identical, but has the Australian dust source set to zero. We focus on the austral spring season, when the correlation between rainfall and the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is strongest over Australia. The ENSO-rainfall relationship over eastern Australia is stronger in the DUST run: dry (El Niño) years tend to be drier, and wet (La Niña) years wetter. The amplification of ENSO-related rainfall variability over eastern Australia represents an improvement relative to observations. The effect is driven by ENSO-related anomalies in radiative forcing by Australian dust over the south-west Pacific Ocean; these anomalies increase (decrease) surface evaporation in La Niña (El Niño) years. Some of this moisture is advected towards eastern Australia, where increased (decreased) moisture convergence in La Niña (El Niño) years increases the amplitude of ENSO-related rainfall variability. The modulation of surface evaporation by dust over the south-west Pacific occurs via surface radiative forcing and dust-induced stabilisation of the boundary layer. The results suggest that (1) a realistic treatment of Australian dust may be necessary for accurate simulation of the ENSO-rainfall relationship over Australia, and (2) radiative feedbacks involving dust may be important for understanding natural rainfall variability over Australia.
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Rotstayn, L. D., M. A. Collier, R. M. Mitchell, Y. Qin, and S. K. Campbell. "Simulated enhancement of ENSO-related rainfall variability due to Australian dust." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 1 (January 19, 2011): 1595–639. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-1595-2011.
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Abstract. Average dust emissions from Australia are small compared to those from the major sources in the Northern Hemisphere. However, they are highly episodic, and this may increase the importance of Australian dust as a climate feedback agent. We compare two 160-year coupled atmosphere-ocean simulations of modern-day climate using the CSIRO Mark 3.6 global climate model (GCM). The first run (DUST) includes an interactive treatment of mineral dust and its direct radiative effects. The second run (NODUST) is otherwise identical, but has the Australian dust source set to zero. We focus on the austral spring season, when the correlation between rainfall and the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is strongest over Australia. We find that the ENSO-rainfall relationship over eastern Australia is stronger in the DUST run: dry (El Niño) years tend to be drier, and wet (La Niña) years wetter. The ENSO-rainfall relationship is also weaker over north-western Australia in the DUST run. The amplification of ENSO-related rainfall variability over eastern Australia and the weaker ENSO-rainfall relationship over the north-west both represent an improvement relative to observations. The suggested mechanism over eastern Australia involves stabilisation of the surface layer due to enhanced atmospheric heating and surface cooling in El Niño years, and enhanced ascent and moisture convergence driven by atmospheric heating in La Niña years. The results suggest that (1) a realistic treatment of Australian dust may be necessary for accurate simulation of the ENSO-rainfall relationship over Australia, and (2) radiative feedbacks involving dust may be important for understanding natural rainfall variability over Australia.
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Gilbert, Trevor, Tracey Baxter, and Alex Spence. "The Australian Oil Spill Response Atlas Project." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2003, no. 1 (April 1, 2003): 851–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-851.
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ABSTRACT Australia is among the top five shipping nations of the world based upon cargo and kilometres travelled. Australia also has vast, remote and environmentally sensitive coastlines ranging from tropical to subantarctic. Unfortunately shipping accidents and illegal discharges of oil and chemical pollutants into our marine environment do occur. To support spill response management in Australia, over the past four years the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) has coordinated the development of a uniform and integrated national Oil Spill Response Atlas (OSRA) based upon an ArcView® geographic information system (GIS). The main aims of the OSRA project were to:Develop a mutually agreed national GIS specification for the development of the digital atlas to assure consistency and compatibility Australia wide;Fast track the collation, capture and conversion of all relevant geographical and textual data into a standard digital GIS format for the majority of Australia's marine and coastal environments (particularly for highly sensitive environments such as, world heritage areas, and marine parks and reserves); andCreate a user-friendly series of GIS system tools specially designed for the particular needs of spill response managers, operational staff and environmental agencies. This paper highlights some of the advantages of GIS based systems for spill response management, the OSRA system development and features, as well as the GIS automation tools that assist spill response managers and operational personnel.
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Ray, Anita C. "Comparative Theology in the Contemporary Australian Context." International Journal of Asian Christianity 3, no. 2 (September 3, 2020): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25424246-00302003.
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Abstract This essay examines the practice of comparative theology within the culturally and religiously plural landscape of contemporary Australia. Tracing the early stages of the discipline in Australia to the Faculty of Theology and Philosophy at Australian Catholic University (acu) in 2012, the paper tracks its subsequent progress in the vibrant Asia-Pacific region. For the sake of clarity, I investigate a specific example of comparative theology, testing the feasibility of an engagement between Anglo-Celtic Christians and Indigenous Australian peoples. Seeking greater theological depth, I isolate a precise theme—the creation of the universe—and position the Indigenous viewpoint within the oral ‘Dreaming’ myths of the central Australian desert. The Christian perspective derives from written Biblical sources.
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Knott, Steve. "People, productivity and performance: the importance of workplace relations reform to Australia's resource future." APPEA Journal 55, no. 2 (2015): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj14093.
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After the past decade of unprecedented global investment into new resource projects and existing mine expansions in Australia, the next few years will see a large number of these new mega-projects finish construction and enter the production phase. During this industry transition, the performance and productivity of Australia's new resource projects will be critical for delivering the greatest returns to the nation and in determining whether more investment capital will find its way into the country. As Australia's resource industry rapidly transitions into this new long-term production phase, the author, Australian Mines and Metals Association (AMMA) Chief Executive Steve Knott, discusses how leadership, productivity and workplace relations reform will maximise new production capacity and create ongoing opportunities for future generations. In particular, the author explores why Australia's workplace relations system is an increasing concern for an industry subject to intensifying global competition and the reforms that could assist resources companies to do business, invest and create jobs. This extended abstract about all things people and productivity will examine: Australia's productivity performance against existing and emerging competitors. The importance of workplace relations for boosting resource industry productivity and positioning Australia to secure further waves of global investment. Key reform priorities for resource industry employers, and the workplace policy foundations that the industry needs for future productivity and competitiveness. Labour productivity in the wider context of skills, leadership and technology usage.
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Walker, Abby, Jennifer Hay, Katie Drager, and Kauyumari Sanchez. "Divergence in speech perception." Linguistics 56, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 257–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2017-0036.
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Abstract This paper presents results from an experiment designed to test whether New Zealand listeners’ perceptual adaptation towards Australian English is mediated by their attitudes toward Australia, which we attempted to manipulate experimentally. Participants were put into one of three conditions, where they either read good facts about Australia, bad facts about Australia, or no facts about Australia (the control). Participants performed the same listening task – matching the vowel in a sentence to a vowel in a synthesized continuum – before and after reading the facts. The results indicate that participants who read the bad facts shifted their perception of kit to more Australian-like tokens relative to the control group, while the participants who read good facts shifted their perception of kit to more NZ-like tokens relative to the control group. This result shows that perceptual adaptation towards a dialect can occur in the absence of a speaker of that dialect and that these adaptations are subject to a listener’s (manipulated) affect towards the primed dialect region.
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Wilkes, Martin. "Australian LNG: the cost myths and truths." APPEA Journal 56, no. 2 (2016): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj15093.
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In recent years the media has published articles relating to the high cost of doing business in Australia. The impacts of low productivity, high-labour costs, and poor performance have all been highlighted as ailments with Australia and within the LNG (construction) industry in particular. This has led to views that Australia is a high-cost environment and Australian LNG is expensive. The numbers that are often quoted appear to support these views, however they overlook—and sometimes mask—aspects of individual projects that are important to understand before making any generic pronouncements about the competitiveness of the Australian industry in general. This extended abstract: Exposes the inadequacies of the general comparisons that have been made in the recent past. Demonstrates the actual impact of several identified issues. Demonstrates the importance of decisions made early in the project development cycle by respective owners on the projects and project costs. Identifies the differences and similarities in development and costs of LNG projects in Australia compared to other areas of the world, in particular the US. Examines the impact of lack of collaboration.
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Elliott, Peter. "Nineteenth-Century Australian Charismata: Edward Irving’s Legacy*." Pneuma 34, no. 1 (2012): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157007412x621716.
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Abstract In recent decades, most interpreters have argued that as an organized movement, Australian Pentecostalism began in 1909 with Janet Lancaster’s Good News Hall. This article argues that Australian Pentecostal beginnings should be recalibrated to 1853, with the arrival of representatives of the Catholic Apostolic Church in Melbourne. The evidence indicates that the Catholic Apostolic Church continually taught and practiced the charismatic gifts in Australia throughout the second half of the nineteenth century. The existence of an established denomination in Australia embracing and exhibiting the charismatic gifts for the period 1853 to 1900 challenges the dominant Lancaster interpretation. This evidence also argues for a direct historic link between Australian Pentecostalism and the charismata of Edward Irving and the nascent Catholic Apostolic Church in 1830s London.
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Walker, Mark J., Stephan Brouwer, Brian M. Forde, Kate A. Worthing, Liam McIntyre, Lana Sundac, Sam Maloney, et al. "Detection of Epidemic Scarlet Fever Group A Streptococcus in Australia." Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, no. 7 (February 5, 2019): 1232–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz099.
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Abstract Sentinel hospital surveillance was instituted in Australia to detect the presence of pandemic group A Streptococcus strains causing scarlet fever. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses indicated the presence of an Australian GAS emm12 scarlet fever isolate related to United Kingdom outbreak strains. National surveillance to monitor this pandemic is recommended.
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Maher, Damian. "In-Service Teacher Professional Learning in Australia: Lessons Learnt from COVID-19." International Journal for Research in Education 46, no. 2 (February 21, 2022): 84–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.36771/ijre.46.2.22-pp84-125.
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Abstract: Professional Learning (PL) for Australian teachers is a crucial and integral aspect of their practice and is mandated under Australian legislation. This article briefly describes PL in Australia and outlines the importance of teacher PL, setting out ways it can be undertaken in different jurisdictions around Australia. The focus then moves to a discussion on ways in which PL was impacted during 2020-2021 as a result of COVID-19. In particular, online PL is examined indicating that, for teachers in Australia, the move to online teaching and PL was sudden and was something teachers were not prepared for. Possible futures are explored with potential changes to the implementation of PL, incorporating online and face-to-face modes. Aspects of formal and informal learning are considered accordingly. In focusing on informal learning, the way that social media supported PL during COVID-19 is examined. The potential changing focus of PL as a result of COVID-19 is investigated with a focus on online safety, wellbeing (which includes suicide), and hybrid learning. The discussion on wellbeing indicates a need for increased teacher PL, with increased student concerns being reported as a result of COVID-19. Much of the content is viewed through an Australian lens, although this was not always possible given a scarcity of Australian research in some areas. Keywords: Professional learning, COVID-19, wellbeing, online safety, Australia
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Yuliyani, Atik. "A Comparative Study: Australian English and Indonesian Complimenting Behaviours." IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education) 3, no. 1 (June 28, 2016): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v3i1.3940.
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ABSTRACT The present study investigates the similarities and differences between Australian English and Indonesian speakers on paying compliments. A total of 50 university-student informants participated in the study: 25 Indonesian native speakers and 25 Australian English native speakers. The data were collected through a written Discourse Completion Task (DCT) which consists of eight situational settings. The results showed some similarities and differences between Australian English and Indonesian speakers on paying compliment. The similarities included the fact that ability was the most frequently preferred topic for both Indonesians and Australians, both Indonesians and Australians were more likely to give explicit verbal compliment, and compliments occurred mostly from males to females. The differences were: firstly, Australians used implicit compliment as their second preference, while Indonesians used ‘no-response’ type. Secondly, Australian females gave more explicit verbal compliment than the males did, whereas Indonesian females and males gave almost equal amount of explicit verbal compliment. Thirdly, the second most frequent positive semantic carriers were adverbs in Indonesian, but verbs in Australian English. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini menyelidiki persamaan dan perbedaan antara Australia dan Indonesia dalam memberikan pujian. Sebanyak lima puluh mahasiswa yang terdiri dari 25 mahasiswa Australia dan 25 mahasiswa Indonesia terlibat dalam penelitian ini sebagai informan. Data dikumpulkan melalui instrument tertulis (DCT) yang terdiri dari delapan seting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa persamaan dan perbedaan antara Australia dan Indonesia dalam memberikan pujian. Persamaannya meliputi kemampuan (ability) menjadi topik yang paling disukai oleh keduanya, baik Indonesia dan Australia lebih senang memberikan pujian lisan secara eksplisit, dan pujian terjadi sebagian besar dari laki-laki ke perempuan. Adapun perbedaannya antara lain: pertama, Australia menggunakan pujian implicit sebagai preferensi kedua sementara Indonesia menggunakan tipe ‘no response’. Kedua, wanita Australia memberi pujian lisan secara eksplisit lebih daripada laki-laki lakukan, sedangkan wanita dan pria Indonesia memberi jumlah yang hampir sama dari pujian lisan eksplisit. Ketiga, kata keterangan (adverbs) menjadi ungkapan semantik positif kedua yang digunakan Indonesia, sedangkan Australia menggunakan kata kerja (verbs) sebagai ungkapan semantik positif kedua. How to Cite: Yuliani, A. (2016). A Comparative Study: Australian English and Indonesian Complimenting Behaviours. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 3(1), 15-28. doi:10.15408/ijee.v3i1.3940 Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v3i1.3940
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Pauwels, Anne. "Language planning, language reform and the sexes in Australia." Language and Gender in the Australian Context 10 (January 1, 1993): 13–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.10.02pau.
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Abstract This paper deals with the phenomena of linguistic sexism and non-sexist language reform (feminist language planning) in the Australian context. It surveys Australian work on linguistic sexism and discusses various aspects of non-sexist language reform in Australia. Particular emphasis is placed on problematic issues relating to feminist language planning, i.e. the selection and evaluation of non-sexist alternatives and the implementation mechanisms for this type of reform. Linguistic change resulting from the reform initiatives and its spread throughout the community is also described briefly.
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Quinn, Nick. "Industry arrangements for oil spill preparedness." APPEA Journal 52, no. 2 (2012): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11095.
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In the post-Montara/Macondo world, the Australian petroleum industry has been actively represented on various working groups focused on the prevention, preparedness and response to significant oil spill incidents. Through the Australian Marine Oil Spill Centre (AMOSC) based in Geelong, Victoria, cooperation and coordination with other international associations has been occurring to ensure ‘reasonable steps’ are taken to develop preparedness and response arrangements commensurate with the risks associated with industry activities.Concurrently and here in Australia, a thorough review of the National Plan has allowed industry to work with government to develop or amend a range of initiatives aimed at ensuring that industry and government strategies are integrated for maximum efficiency in all circumstances. The scene has been set by a reviewed national risk assessment focusing on all activities of hydrocarbon movement around the Australian coastline. So what has Australian industry actually achieved post-Montara in prevention, preparedness and response to oil spills? This extended abstract shares and explains the practical outcomes of the industry initiatives of oil spills in Australia. The outcomes are planning requirements, equipment location, mutual aid arrangements, training programs and the extended services of industry oil spill response organisations in Australia and overseas.
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Yang, Xingchuan, Chuanfeng Zhao, Yikun Yang, and Hao Fan. "Long-term multi-source data analysis about the characteristics of aerosol optical properties and types over Australia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 5 (March 15, 2021): 3803–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3803-2021.
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Abstract. The spatiotemporal distributions of aerosol optical properties and major aerosol types, along with the vertical distribution of major aerosol types over Australia, are investigated based on multi-year Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) observations at nine sites, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2), Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), and back-trajectory analysis from the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT). During the observation period from 2001–2020, the annual aerosol optical depth (AOD) at most sites showed increasing trends (0.002–0.029 yr−1), except for that at three sites, Canberra, Jabiru, and Lake Argyle, which showed decreasing trends (−0.004 to −0.014 yr−1). In contrast, the annual Ångström exponent (AE) showed decreasing tendencies at most sites (−0.045 to −0.005 yr−1). The results showed strong seasonal variations in AOD, with high values in the austral spring and summer and relatively low values in the austral fall and winter, and weak seasonal variations in AE, with the highest mean values in the austral spring at most sites. Monthly average AOD increases from August to December or the following January and decreases during March–July. Spatially, the MODIS AOD showed obvious spatial heterogeneity, with high values appearing over the Australian tropical savanna regions, Lake Eyre Basin, and southeastern regions of Australia, while low values appeared over the arid regions in western Australia. MERRA-2 showed that carbonaceous aerosol over northern Australia, dust over central Australia, sulfate over densely populated northwestern and southeastern Australia, and sea salt over Australian coastal regions are the major types of atmospheric aerosols. The nine ground-based AERONET sites over Australia showed that the mixed type of aerosols (biomass burning and dust) is dominant in all seasons. Moreover, Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) showed that polluted dust is the dominant aerosol type detected at heights 0.5–5 km over the Australian continent during all seasons. The results suggested that Australian aerosol has similar source characteristics due to the regional transport over Australia, especially for biomass burning and dust aerosols. However, the dust-prone characteristic of aerosol is more prominent over central Australia, while the biomass-burning-prone characteristic of aerosol is more prominent in northern Australia.
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Jackling, Beverley, Paul A. de Lange, and Riccardo Natoli. "Transitioning to IFRS in Australian Classrooms: Impact on Teaching Approaches." Issues in Accounting Education 28, no. 2 (November 1, 2012): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace-50358.
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ABSTRACT: This paper outlines the impact that transition to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) had in Australia with reference to the teaching approaches across university accounting classrooms. The discussion begins with a short history of past rules governing accounting in Australia, followed by a review of the transition to IFRS in Australia. An assessment of the ways in which the Australian accounting academic community incorporated the adoption of IFRS into their curriculum is also provided. The review suggests that despite an initial period of foreboding from accounting educators, the transition to IFRS involved minimal changes in teaching approaches. We argue that there were missed opportunities to revise the curriculum, particularly at the introductory level, by adopting a framework-based teaching approach in line with the principles-based IFRS. The paper concludes with some observations about lessons learned from the Australian experience as a guide for accounting faculty in other parts of the world who are about to embark on the transition to IFRS.
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Villalobos, Yohanna, Peter J. Rayner, Jeremy D. Silver, Steven Thomas, Vanessa Haverd, Jürgen Knauer, Zoë M. Loh, Nicholas M. Deutscher, David W. T. Griffith, and David F. Pollard. "Interannual variability in the Australian carbon cycle over 2015–2019, based on assimilation of Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite data." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 13 (July 12, 2022): 8897–934. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8897-2022.
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Abstract. In this study, we employ a regional inverse modelling approach to estimate monthly carbon fluxes over the Australian continent for 2015–2019 using the assimilation of the total column-averaged mole fractions of carbon dioxide from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2, version 9) satellite. Subsequently, we study the carbon cycle variations and relate their fluctuations to anomalies in vegetation productivity and climate drivers. Our 5-year regional carbon flux inversion suggests that Australia was a carbon sink averaging −0.46 ± 0.08 PgC yr−1 (excluding fossil fuel emissions), largely influenced by a strong carbon uptake (−1.04 PgC yr−1) recorded in 2016. Australia's semi-arid ecosystems, such as sparsely vegetated regions (in central Australia) and savanna (in northern Australia), were the main contributors to the carbon uptake in 2016. These regions showed relatively high vegetation productivity, high rainfall, and low temperature in 2016. In contrast to the large carbon sink found in 2016, the large carbon outgassing recorded in 2019 coincides with an unprecedented rainfall deficit and higher-than-average temperatures across Australia. Comparison of the posterior column-averaged CO2 concentration with Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) stations and in situ measurements offers limited insight into the fluxes assimilated with OCO-2. However, the lack of these monitoring stations across Australia, mainly over ecosystems such as savanna and areas with sparse vegetation, impedes us from providing strong conclusions. To a certain extent, we found that the flux anomalies across Australia are consistent with the ensemble means of the OCO-2 Model Intercomparison Project (OCO-2 MIP) and FLUXCOM (2015–2018), which estimate an anomalous carbon sink for Australia in 2016 of −1.09 and −0.42 PgC yr−1 respectively. More accurate estimates of OCO-2 retrievals, with the addition of ocean glint data into our system, and a better understanding of the error in the atmospheric transport modelling will yield further insights into the difference in the magnitude of our carbon flux estimates.
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Spurling, Thomas H., and John M. Webb. "Australia and IUPAC." Chemistry International 40, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ci-2018-0103.
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Abstract Australia’s professional chemical society, the Royal Australian Chemical Institute, is celebrating its centenary in 2017. It is therefore timely to review the involvement of Australian chemistry with IUPAC and its predecessors.
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Gauja, Anika. "‘Temporarily’ Abroad: Partisan Organisation and Mobilisation outside Australia." Parliamentary Affairs 73, no. 4 (July 28, 2020): 874–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pa/gsaa042.
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Abstract This article explores the relationship between partisan organisation outside a country of origin and the voting rights and migration patterns of its citizens. Using Australian political parties operating overseas as case studies, it examines the extent to which the electoral context of expatriate voting influences why and how parties establish organisational structures abroad. Electoral law in Australia allows citizens to vote while living overseas only for a limited period—as long as they intend to return to Australia within six years. Because of this relatively limited opportunity, we might expect party organisations abroad to exist primarily to mobilise support at election times in areas where there are high concentrations of Australian expatriate voters, rather than create lasting communities of partisan supporters. The article finds, in line with this expectation, that ‘parties abroad’ are relatively modest, geographically rooted in cities with large expatriate populations and facilitated by online and social media technologies.
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Curnow, Timothy Jowan, and Michelle Kohler. "Applied linguistics research in Australia as represented through ARAL." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 40, no. 3 (December 31, 2017): 311–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.17039.cur.
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Abstract From its inception in 1977 until its last year of publication by an Australian publisher in 2015, the Australian Review of Applied Linguistics featured over 700 articles related to applied linguistics. This publication history provides a unique resource for tracing the scope and change of the applied linguistics landscape in Australia over the last four decades. While the journal design and format have naturally undergone some changes in this time, in this paper we consider the nature of the articles themselves, whether there have been changes in coverage or emphasis, and what this can tell us about the history of and the changes in applied linguistics in Australia. Our analysis of the articles focuses in particular on two independent dimensions – the sub-field of applied linguistics and the particular language under focus in each article – and the changes in frequencies of each of these over time.
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"Helicoverpa punctigera. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, no. 1st Revision) (August 1, 1994). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20046600263.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Helicoverpa punctigera (Wallengren) Lepidoptera: Noctuidae. Attacks tobacco, groundnut, safflower, sunflower, flax, lucerne. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia, Cocos-Keeling Island, Australasia and Pacific Islands, Australia, Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island.
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"Epiphyas postvittana. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, no. 2nd Revision) (August 1, 1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20046600082.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Epiphyas postvittana (Walker). Lepidoptera: Tortricidae (light brown apple moth, apple leaf roller). Attacks pome and stone fruits, Citrus, grapevine, persimmon, raspberry, strawberry, blueberry. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe, United Kingdom, Australasia and Pacific Islands, Australia, Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Hawaii, New Caledonia, New Zealand.
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Davis, Alexander E. "Making a settler colonial IR: Imagining the ‘international’ in early Australian International Relations." Review of International Studies, July 22, 2020, 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026021052000025x.
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Abstract Disciplinary histories of International Relations (IR) in Australia have tended to start with the foundation of an IR chair at the Australian National University (ANU) in 1949. In this article, I trace the discipline's institutional history and traditions of thought from the formation of the Round Table in Australia in 1911, led by Lionel Curtis, through the establishment of the Australian Institute of International Affairs (AIIA), and ending with the ANU story. I argue that Australian IR took as its starting assumption the idea of terra nullius (nobody's land), and the subsequent need to settle Australia. As a result, much of the discussion in the early study of ‘IR’ in Australia was framed around ‘domestic’ matters of settlement and colonisation. The focus of Australian IR radiated outwards from regional capitals, particularly to the tropical and desert regions of Australia with large Indigenous populations. At the margins of this were Australia's colonial possessions in the South Pacific. Finally, Australia's IR looked upon East Asia, motivated at least in part by fears of Asian peoples who might also seek to settle Australia. I conclude with a consideration of what Australian IR's historical entanglements with settler colonialism should mean for the discipline today.
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"Melampsora medusae. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases, no. 2) (August 1, 1991). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpd/20046500547.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Melampsora medusae Thüm. Hosts: Populus spp. and conifers. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Asia, Japan, Australasia, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, South Australia, Australian Capital Territory, New Zealand, Europe, France, Spain, North America, Canada, British Columbia, Quebec, Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, Northwest Territory, Newfoundland, USA, South America, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Chile.
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Malatesta, Troy. "The Environmental, Economic, and Social Performance of Nuclear Technology in Australia." Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science 7, no. 4 (April 22, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4049758.
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Abstract The prominence of climate change is surging with Australia feeling the impacts of hotter and dryer climates. With 2030 approaching, Australia's promise to reduce emissions is seeming harder to achieve with their energy mix being dominated by fossil fuels. The development of small modular reactor (SMR) technology in the nuclear industry offers a possible solution for Australia to shift away from coal and gas energy sources and invest in low carbon nuclear technologies. SMR technology is suitable for the Australian context due to the number of remote locations, the size of the mining, and processing industries and the minimal nuclear experience Australia has. This study aimed to quantify the environmental benefits of Australia incorporating nuclear power in their energy mix and to calculate the levelized cost of electricity of constructing a 684 MWel nuclear plant using the NuScale module. Additionally, a survey was created to provide an insight into the Australian perception of energy generation and nuclear power. The responses showed the Australian attitudes toward nuclear power and the misconceptions that are resulting in negative perceptions and attitudes.
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"Ceroplastes sinensis. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, no. 1st Revision) (August 1, 1995). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20046600412.
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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Ceroplastes sinensis Del Guercio. Homoptera: Coccoidea, Coccidae (Chinese wax scale). Attacks Citrus, fig, grape, pear. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe, Balearic Islands, Corsica, France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Sardinia, Sicily, Spain, Turkey, CIS (formerly USSR), Georgia, Africa, Algeria, Canary Islands, Libya, Madeira, Morocco, Tunisia, Asia, Iran, Lebanon, Philippines, Syria, Australasia and Pacific Islands, Australia, Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand, Norfolk Island, Solomon Islands, North America, USA, California, North Carolina, Virginia, Central America and Caribbean, Mexico, Trinidad, South America, Argentina, Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Chile, Ecuador, Uruguay.
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"Poronia erici ." Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria 213 (January 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dfb/20173373956.
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Abstract A description is provided for Poronia erici , which is found on dung of herbivorous lagomorphs, marsupials and ungulates. Given results from the closely related Poronia punctata , this species is likely to merit investigation as a potential source of antibiotics. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Mexico), Australasia (Australia, (Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia)), Europe (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, UK)). No evaluation has been made of any possible positive economic impact of this fungus and no reports of negative economic impacts have been found.
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Liu, Weifeng Larry, and Warwick McKibbin. "Macroeconomic Impacts of Global Demographic Change: The Case of Australia." Asian Economic Papers, August 26, 2022, 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00857.
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Abstract The world will experience dramatic demographic change over this century. This paper examines the impacts of the global demographic change on the Australian economy at both aggregate and sectoral levels in a global multi-region and multi-sector general equilibrium model. Using a detailed structural model, we simulate demographic shocks of six regions in the world economy as well as Australia's own demographic shock to investigate their impacts on Australian macroeconomic conditions, economic structure, and trade patterns. The results suggest that demographic change in different regions of the world economy will have different impacts on sectors in Australia depending on trade patterns between Australia and other regions. The energy, mining, and durable manufacturing sectors in Australia are the most affected. Demographic change in China, Japan, and Korea has significant negative impacts on Australia, but partly offsetting these shocks are positive demographic shocks from emerging Asia. The overall impact of the rest of the world on Australian GDP is quantitatively negligible, but the impacts on the real interest rate and trade balances are significant. Global demographic change increases Australian real interest rates in the next two decades on the assumption that emerging countries can access global capital markets and take advantage of their demographic dividends.
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B. R. Griffith. "Oil Exploration in Australia: ABSTRACT." AAPG Bulletin 70 (1986). http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/9488646b-1704-11d7-8645000102c1865d.
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Cowan, Tim, Matthew C. Wheeler, and Andrew G. Marshall. "The combined influence of the Madden-Julian Oscillation and El Niño-Southern Oscillation on Australian rainfall." Journal of Climate, September 14, 2022, 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-22-0357.1.
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Abstract This study first re-examines the impact of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) on weekly rainfall probabilities and wind anomalies across Australia, motivated by the need for a contemporary understanding of the MJO's influence on Australian rainfall – whether this has changed from a previous assessment published in 2009. With an extra 15 years of observations, we show that the strong impact of MJO phases 5 and 6 on northern Australia's austral summer rainfall has weakened by around 5% over Australia's Top End. In addition, austral spring has seen a weakening of the supressed rainfall teleconnection with MJO phases 2 and 3 over southeast Australia. The remaining seasons and phases show little change. The weakened relationships make it more difficult to use the MJO to explain rainfall variations over northern Australia in summer and southeast Australia in spring in the current climate. The study's second motivation is to further document the combined influence of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and MJO on rainfall. In summer during El Niño, as compared with La Niña or neutral ENSO conditions, there are stronger reductions in rainfall probabilities over northern Australia associated with the dry MJO phases 8, 1 and 2, but the significantly increased probabilities in MJO phases 5 and 6 remain much the same. Indeed, the MJO dominates over ENSO in its influence on weekly rainfall probabilities in the north in summer. In contrast, ENSO tends to dominate across subtropical and southern Australia in spring. The updated maps are an important resource for estimating the intraseasonal influence of the MJO and ENSO on Australian rainfall.
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Cannon, P. F. "Capronia pilosella. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria]." IMI Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria, no. 228 (October 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dfb/20210407795.
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Abstract A description is provided for Capronia pilosella, found on unidentified, very rotten wood. Some information on its morphological characteristics, associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and economic impacts is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Asia (China, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, Taiwan), Australasia (Australia, Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Northern Territory, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK), North America (Canada, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, USA, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York), Pacific Ocean (Fiji), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Amazonas)).
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Ismiyatun, Ismiyatun, and Diah Ariyanti. "Kerjasama Australia dan Indonesia dalam Upaya Pengembangan Sektor Pendidikan Di Australia Melalui Organisasi ACICIS (Australian Consortium For In-Country Indonesian Studies)." SOSIO DIALEKTIKA 4, no. 1 (November 18, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/sd.v4i1.3003.
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ABSTRACT
This study analyzes the collaboration between Australia and Indonesia in the development of the education sector in Australia through the ACICIS (Australian Consortium for In-Country Indonesian Studies) organization which was established in 1994. ACICIS is a consortium of non-profit universities that develops and coordinates various study options quality in Indonesia for Australian, non-Australian and individual students. The reason Australia and Indonesia collaborate in the education sector is to improve the quality and quality of education in both countries, at the university level. In this journal, we discuss how cooperation between Australia and Indonesia in the education sector through the ACICIS organization. To find out the system of cooperation between the two parties, in carrying out this collaboration, researchers used an approach to the theory of international cooperation.
Keywords: ACICIS (Australian Consortium for In-Country Indonesian Studies), international cooperation, education.
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Xu, Xuefen, Marianne P. Coquilleau, Peter M. Ridland, Paul A. Umina, Qiong Yang, and Ary A. Hoffmann. "Molecular Identification of Leafmining Flies From Australia Including New Liriomyza Outbreaks." Journal of Economic Entomology, July 19, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toab143.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Some leafmining fly species are pests of agricultural and ornamental plants but they also include many species with little economic importance. The taxonomy of leafmining flies is often challenging because of putative cryptic species. Following new outbreaks of Liriomyza (Diptera:Agromyzidae) in Australia, we here characterize 13 dipteran leafminer species collected from Australia based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) DNA barcodes, and we compare these with overseas data. We confirm barcodes of nine species from the Agromyzidae (Liriomyza sativae, L. huidobrensis, L. trifolii, L. bryoniae, L. chinensis, L. brassicae, L. chenopodii, Phytomyza plantaginis and P. syngenesiae) and one species from the Drosophilidae (Scaptomyza flava); we describe new haplotypes for some of these species. Furthermore, we provide the first DNA barcodes for two species (Cerodontha milleri and Phytoliriomyza praecellens) from the Agromyzidae and one species (Scaptomyza australis) from the Drosophilidae. These findings provide a baseline for DNA-based identification of pest Liriomyza incursions spreading across the Australian east coast in relation to other species already present in Australia.