Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aboriginal Womens Health'
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Mitchell, Jillian Mary Graham, and jill mitchell@health sa gov au. "A Matter of Urgency! Remote Aboriginal Womens Health. Examining the transfer, adaptation and implementation of an established holistic Aboriginal Well Womens Health program from one remote community to another with similar needs and characteristics." Flinders University. Nursing and Midwifery, 2007. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20070725.112610.
Full textKelly, Janet, and janet kelly@flinders edu au. "Moving Forward Together in Aboriginal Womens Health: A Participatory Action Research Exploring Knowledge Sharing, Working Together and Addressing Issues Collaboratively in Urban Primary Health Care Settings." Flinders University. School of Nursing & Midwifery, 2009. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20090324.084222.
Full textBeale, B. L. "Maternity services for urban Aboriginal women : experiences of six women in Western Sydney /." View thesis, 1996. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030613.161127/index.html.
Full textHill, Donna Michele. "Aboriginal women living with HIV/AIDS : an empowerment perspective." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2786.
Full textÖrnólfsdóttir, Unnur Ósk. "Swedish women´s self-esteem, body dissatisfaction and health." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-58684.
Full textPrentice, Tracey. "Visioning Health: Using the Arts to Understand Culture and Gender as Determinants of Health for HIV-Positive Aboriginal Women (PAW)." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32956.
Full textJull, Janet. "Cultural Adaptation of a Shared Decision-Making Intervention to Address the Needs of First Nations, Métis and Inuit Women." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31703.
Full textBaldin, Maíra Rodrigues [UNESP]. "Prevalência das doenças sexualmente transmissíveis em mulheres profissionais do sexo do Município de Botucatu/SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96415.
Full textFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo
Mudanças sóciossexuais têm alterado o perfil das doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, ampliando a necessidade de seu rastreamento, especialmente onde existe concentração de pessoas ou grupos com comportamentos de risco, para que a detecção dessas doenças e seu tratamento imediato se traduzam na redução dos problemas causados. As profissionais do sexo apresentam a característica singular de manterem atividade sexual intensa, com vários coitos por dia, acrescida do uso de substâncias químicas locais e microtraumatismos vaginais, o que as deixa vulneráveis às doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. Identificar a prevalência de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis entre profissionais do sexo do município de Botucatu/SP e verificar a associação com variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais. Trata-se de estudo de prevalência populacional. Foram incluídas no estudo 102 profissionais do sexo, os dados foram colhidos durante o ano de 2008 e a propedêutica de atendimento das mulheres incluía a coleta de sangue, de conteúdo vaginal e de secreção cervical para detecção das seguintes doenças sexualmente transmissíveis: hepatite B; sífilis; aids; tricomoníase; infecção clamidiana, gonorreia e a presença de papilomavírus humano. A média de idade das participantes do estudo foi 26,1 anos, sendo que a maioria tinha nove ou mais anos de aprovação escolar (53,0%), era solteira (71,6%), usava contraceptivo (92,2%), negava história de doença sexualmente transmissível prévia (77,5%) e referiu a primeira relação sexual antes dos 15 anos (59,8%). A prática de sexo oral foi citada por 90,2% das mulheres e 37,3% delas referiram praticar sexo anal. Em relação às medidas de prevenção, 99% das profissionais do sexo relataram fazer uso do preservativo no trabalho e somente 26,3% das mulheres que tinham parceiro fixo relataram seu uso neste caso. O consumo de tabaco...
Socio-sexual changes have altered the profile of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and increased the need for their tracking, particularly in places where there is a concentration of individuals with a risk behavior, so that the detection of such diseases and their immediate treatment can be translated into the reduction of resulting problems. Sex professionals (SP) have the singular characteristic of maintaining intense sexual activity, with various intercourses per day, which is added to the use of topical chemical substances and vaginal microtrauma and makes them vulnerable to STD. To identify the prevalence of STD among SP the city of Botucatu/SP and evaluate the association with sociodemographic and behavioral variables. This is a population prevalence study. One hundred and two SP were included; data were collected in 2008, and the propedeutics of the women’s care included the collection of blood, vaginal content and cervical secretion for detection of the following sexually transmitted diseases: hepatitis B; syphilis; AIDS; trichomoniasis; Chlamydia infection, gonorrhea and the presence of the human papillomavirus (HPV). The participants’ mean age was 26.1 years. Most of them had attended school for nine years or longer (53.0%), were single (71,6%), used contraceptives (92.2%), denied having a history of previous STD (77.5%) and reported to have had their first sexual relationship before they were 15 years old (59.8%). Oral sex practice was mentioned by 90.2% of the women, and 37.3% of them reported to have anal sex. As regards prevention measures, 99% of the sex professionals reported to use condoms, and only 26.3% of the women who had a permanent partner reported its use in this case. The use of tobacco, alcohol and illegal drugs was high: 68.6%, 84.3% and 42.2%, respectively. Oncotic cytology was normal for 95% of the women, since only five of ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Ozden, Asli. "Can Reproductive Health Program Empower Women? A Feminist Post-development Critique Of European Union Funded Reproductrive Health Program In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12612107/index.pdf.
Full texts declared aims are alleviating poverty, increasing choices by reducing '
risks'
and empowering women. In line with the human development framework, Reproductive Health program aims at improving women'
s health, enlarging women'
s chices and engendering reproductive rights. The scope of '
empowerment'
is conceptualized as strenthening their capabilities to prevent sexual reproductive health risks, thereby enlarging their reproductive choices whithout reflecting on the role of general political economic structures. this thesis argues that while general health indicators and life choices and rights of poor women are decreasing due to neoliberal shrinkage of social policy and flexible working regimes, the sole focus on reproductive health and rights by development agents is irrelevant. In line with this argument, this study draws upon post-development theory in order to argue that development is a historically specific representation of social reality which permits particular modes of knowing while disqualifying others for perpetuating gobal hegemonic regimes.
Bocardi, Maria Inês Brandão. ""Assistência pré-natal na adolescência: concepções das adolescentes e dos profissionais de saúde"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-03052005-114332/.
Full textThis study aimed at identifying the conceptions about prenatal care of a group of adolescents on their first pregnancy. The adolescents were registered in the Prenatal Program offered by the Basic Health Units in the municipality of Marília SP. The goals of this research were also to identify the conceptions of health professionals who work in these services (physicians, nurses and nursing aides) on prenatal care in adolescence; to analyze the relations established between the adolescents and health professionals conceptions in the construction of prenatal care. This is a qualitative research. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 17 health professionals and 18 adolescents on their first pregnancy. The author identified thematic units through content analysis. In order to construct the analysis process, author used the socio-cultural theoretical references on representative meanings of prenatal care through several perceptions and interpretations about the profile of the clientele, concluding that the care is provided in a differentiated way and that the health professionals play a fiscalizing role, identifying the pregnancy risk factors, reporting the difficulties they find to provide the care and revealing the actions of the health team. The adolescents identified prenatal care as surrounded by technical procedures, including examinations and orientations, characterizing a monotonous and at the same time coercive care as they are fiscalized by the professionals who provide their care. Author found that the social world of adolescents prenatal care resided by health professionals is built within a symbolic universe that disqualifies the adolescents to become adult women through maternity. In addition, for the adolescents, prenatal is a mechanism used by them to reveal their limits of being a body for themselves and being a body to have a baby and to unauthorized them as capable to have autonomy and decision power.
Merkes, Monika, and monika@melbpc org au. "A longer working life for Australian women of the baby boom generation? � Women�s voices and the social policy implications of an ageing female workforce." La Trobe University. School of Public Health, 2003. http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au./thesis/public/adt-LTU20051103.104704.
Full textReis, Maria Jose dos. "Processo de reestruturação psicossocial de mulheres que sofreram violência sexual = Psychosocial restructuring process of women who suffered sexual violence." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312890.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: A violência sexual contra as mulheres é um problema grave em todo o mundo e uma questão que precisa ser respondida é como as mulheres que passam por essa experiência reorganizam a sua vida. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo Investigar o processo de reestruturação psicossocial de mulheres que sofreram violência sexual e sua avaliação do atendimento institucional recebido. Sujeitos e Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo com entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram convidadas a participar 13 mulheres que estavam em seguimento após episódio de violência sexual, em ambulatório especializado de um hospital universitário no interior do Estado de São Paulo. Foi desenvolvida análise temática de conteúdo de 11 entrevistas, que permitiu a identificação de dos seguintes temas: (1) O Impacto e o significado da violência; (2) Sentimentos; (3) Superação; (4) Expectativa para o futuro. (5) Busca de ajuda após a violência: dificuldades; (6) Tratamento: avaliação positiva, avaliação negativa. Resultados: A violência sexual teve um impacto devastador sobre a vida dessas mulheres e duas vivências marcaram o período vivido desde o episódio de violência. Por um lado, a elaboração do pós-violência provocou sentimentos de culpa, impotência, fragilização, imobilização, pois as mulheres pensavam que poderiam ter "provocado" a violência. Por outro lado, revelaram condições de resiliência, que as levaram a investir todas as suas forças em um processo para retomar a vida tal como era antes de terem sofrido a violência. Família, amigos e outras pessoas significativas em geral foram citados como elementos que sustentaram essa atitude de resiliência, assim como o atendimento recebido no serviço de saúde. Também foi evidenciado em suas falas as dificuldades encontradas para buscar ajuda após sofrer violência sexual. A maioria das mulheres não sabia da existência do serviço de referência, e passou antes por outros locais. Revelaram vivências positivas acerca do atendimento de emergência e do tratamento ao longo do período de seguimento. Salientaram a importância do vínculo criado com os profissionais que as atenderam e o benefício de serem atendidas de forma bem estruturada por uma equipe multidisciplinar. Também identificaram aspectos negativos como a necessidade de contarem várias vezes a história da violência sofrida, tanto no atendimento de emergência quanto no seguimento; as demoras nos atendimentos, em decorrência de precisarem passar por vários profissionais; e os efeitos adversos da terapia antirretroviral. Conclusões: O atendimento adequado às mulheres que sofrem violência sexual é complexo e multifacetado, pois requer não somente tratar os danos físicos causados pela violência, mas que também se avaliem as particularidades do impacto emocional sofrido por cada mulher, e até das repercussões psicossociais. As mulheres que sofrem violência sexual, com frequência, não sabem da existência de serviços de referência e enfrentam dificuldades para receber o atendimento de emergência. Elas necessitam de seguimento adequado, por equipe multiprofissional, e é necessário pensar estratégias para melhorar a aderência delas à terapia antirretroviral. Palavras chaves: violência contra a mulher; violência sexual; atenção integral à saúde; saúde da mulher; resiliência psicológica; apoio social
Abstract: Sexual violence against women is a serious problem worldwide and a relevant aspect to be studied is how women who undergo this experience reorganize their lives. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the restructuring psychosocial process of women who suffered sexual violence and their evaluation about the institutional care received. Subjects and Methods: A qualitative study was carried out using semi- structured interviews with women who were followed up after an episode of sexual violence, in an outpatient clinic of a university hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. 13 women were invited to participate and 12 accepted; 11 interviews were analyzed because the recording of an interview had technical problems. Thematic content analysis was developed, which allowed the identification of six categories: (1) The impact and meaning of violence; (2) Feelings; (3) Overcoming; (4) Expectation for the future. (5) Looking for assistance after violence: difficulties; (6) Institutional care (Treatment): positive and negative aspects. Results: Sexual violence had had a devastating impact on the women¿ lives and two lived experiences marked the period since the outbreak of violence. On the one hand, in the post-violence period they experienced feelings of guilt, helplessness, fragility, immobilization, because women thought they could have "provoked" the violence. On the other hand, they showed resilience conditions, which led them to invest all their forces in a process to resume life as it was before they had suffered violence. Family, friends and other significant people in general were cited as persons who supported this attitude of resilience, as well as the care received in the health service. Women reported difficulties to seek help after suffering sexual violence. In general, they did not know where obtain care. They referred positive experiences about emergency care and treatment received. Women also emphasized the importance of the bond established with health professionals and the importance of receiving a well structured care by a multidisciplinary team. Negative aspects were mentioned: to repeat their violence story several times during the follow-up period, delays resulting from the need to go through several professionals, and the adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy. Conclusions: Sexual violence disrupts the women¿s lives and the restructuring psychosocial process requires an attitude of resilience, support from significant people, emergency care and appropriate follow-up by multidisciplinary team. Proper care for women who suffer sexual violence is complex and multifaceted, as it requires not only treat the physical damage caused by violence, but also assess the particularities of the emotional impact suffered by every woman, and even psychosocial repercussions. Women who suffer sexual violence have difficulties to seek emergency care, as they usually do not know reference services. It is necessary to improve access to services that can assist them in a comprehensive way, both for emergency care and for the follow-up. It is also necessary to develop strategies to improve women¿s adherence to antiretroviral therapy
Doutorado
Fisiopatologia Ginecológica
Doutora em Ciências da Saúde
Lazar, Junior Felipe. "Conhecimento, atitude e pratica dos ginecologistas sobre terapia hormonal em mulheres na pos-menopausa apos a publicação do Womes's Health Initiative." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312998.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento e as repercussões sobre a atitude e prática dos médicos ginecologistas três anos após a publicação dos resultados do estudo Women¿s Health Initiative. Sujeitos e Método: Um questionário auto-administrado e anônimo com 19 questões foi enviado aos 6000 ginecologistas da Associação de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia do Estado de São Paulo (SOGESP). Os questionários foram postados em novembro de 2005 com recepção concluída em dezembro de 2005. Resultados: O índice de resposta foi de 24,2% (1453 questionários preenchidos) com erro amostral de 2,23% e intervalo de confiança de 95%. Apesar de 95,9% dos ginecologistas referirem conhecer o estudo WHI, apenas 24,4% tinham conhecimento dos outros estudos (HERS I, HERS II, e Million Women Study) além do WHI. Apesar de 84,6% referirem que os resultados obtidos no estudo WHI não poderiam ser extrapolados para outros tipos de TH, 23,1% e 25,2% abandonaram o uso de EEC ou AMP, 63,7% diminuíram a dose, 55,2% passaram a prescrever drogas como bifosfonatos, tibolona e serms, e 46,3% passaram a utilizar calmantes, isoflavonas e drogas naturais. Além disso, 59,2% concordaram que o tempo ideal de TH deveria ser diminuído para 4-5 anos. Houve queda significativa nas prescrições para todas as indicações de TH (p<0.0001). Para os médicos, a causa mais importante de descontinuação da TH foi o maior risco de câncer de mama (62,3%), no entanto, segundo os médicos, o fator mais importante para as pacientes foi o medo da TH (80,3%) Conclusão: Os ginecologistas têm elevado conhecimento do estudo WHI e seguiram suas recomendações com relação à prevenção de doença cardiovascular, consequentemente, mudaram sua forma de abordar o tratamento das mulheres na pós-menopausa, restringindo as indicações, tempo de uso e dose da TH
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate gynecologists¿ knowledge of the Women¿s Health Initiative study, and its repercussions on their attitudes and practice three years after publication. Design: A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire containing 19 questions was sent to 6000 gynecologists, members of the São Paulo Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Results: The response rate was 24.2% (1453 completed questionnaires) with a sample error of 2.23% and confidence level of 95%. Although 95.9% of gynecologists were aware of the WHI study, only 24.4% had knowledge of all the other studies mentioned (HERS I, HERS II and Million Women Study). Although 84.6% stated that the results of the WHI study could not be extrapolated to other forms of HT, 23.1% and 25.2%, respectively, stopped prescribing CEE or MPA, 63.7% decreased the dose, 55.2% opted for drugs such as bisphosphonates, tibolone and SERMS, and 46.3% began to prescribe tranquilizers, isoflavone and other natural medications. Moreover, 59.2% agreed that HT should be used for only 4-5 years. Prescriptions decreased significantly for all indications (p<0.0001). The principal reason for physicians to discontinue HT in a patient was increased risk of breast cancer (62.3%), whereas, according to the physicians, the most important factor for the patients was fear of HT (80.3%). Conclusion: A high percentage of gynecologists in this study knew of the WHI study and followed its recommendations concerning cardiovascular prevention; consequently they changed their management of the treatment of postmenopausal women by restricting indications for HT and decreasing its duration of use and dose
Doutorado
Tocoginecologia
Doutor em Tocoginecologia
Stefanello, Juliana. ""A vivência do cuidado no puerpério: as mulheres construindo-se como mães"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-07122005-110838/.
Full textThe care given during the phase after delivery is pointed out, within the family context, as being replete with particularities. Hence, this study sought to comprehend how the care in the puerperal phase is established, within the family context. It is a qualitative research, developed with 12 puerperal women and 11 of their relatives, who help them with the care after delivery. Data collection was performed by the methodological procedure of semi-structured interviews, which were taped and integrally transcribed, after receiving free and clarified consent from the subjects. Interviews were performed at the informants home. The data were analyzed based on the technique of thematic content analysis. The results revealed four themes: 1) The idea of maternity as being the basis for the construction of the babys care and puerperal care; 2) Taking care of the baby carefully; 3) Taking care of the mother so she can take care of the baby; and 4) The agents taken as reference in the practices of care giving. The practices of care after delivery are much linked to the idea of maternity, something intrinsically feminine, full of idealizations and founded on gender conceptions. The baby, primary focus of all care actions, brings numerous changes to the familys routines, mainly the mothers. The mother-woman also needs to be cared for; however, a great deal of this care involves, indirectly, the child. The care in the puerperal phase, permeated of beliefs and taboos linked to the feminine, grants the women with a power of agents in this process, since she bears the knowledge of many generations. Thus, the care after delivery is understood as a feminine practice, in which women base themselves on representation systems that have already been socially incorporated, at the same time that they act as subjects and reinvent the previously established systems, constructing themselves as mothers.
Hellge, Sophie. "Association between Community Group Membership and Justification of Physical Intimate Partner Violence among Women in Bolivia – a Cross Sectional Study." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446860.
Full textCestari, Maria Elisa Wotzasek. "Estar infectada com papilomavírus humano: vivências das mulheres e necessidades de cuidado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-22112010-154627/.
Full textThe human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a virus, sexually transmittable, with potentiality carcinogenic for the uterine cervix, making women\'s infection by the HPV a problem for the public health. To know the necessities of care of women infected by the HPV includes also knowing their experiences during the process of infection. Diseases prevention and health promotion are still determined by traditional conceptions of medical practice. It is necessary to think about a care that goes besides the physical, emotional and social necessities, that considers the individual based on of her way of being in the world and considers her experiences, beliefs and values. The objective of this study was to understand the life experience of the women infected by the HPV and to know their necessities of care. This research have had a qualitative focus, with reference to the Existential Phenomenology by Martim Heidegger. Were subjected to this research 14 women HPV positive. The research was based on these questions: What does being HPV positive mean for you? Tell me the experience that you have had since you have known you were infected until today. How is the aid that you have been receiving? As result, four thematic topics surfaced: to be there a woman with HPV; to be a woman with HPV in relationships; looking for care as solicitude and the way of transcendence of the woman with HPV. The used referential made possible a better apprehension of the meanings of being with HPV, as well as the share of the existence of these women in their daily life. The necessity of implementing health promotion and prevention actions was noted, and these actions must be executed by enabled professionals with a profile adapted for attention to the woman. The women must be encouraged to demonstrating their necessities of care themselves and questions of culture and of gender must be considered. It is necessary that professionals of the health area keep advancing in the care of women infected by the HPV, surpassing the work limited to the rationality of biomedical sciences. The information on the HPV must be shared by the women, respecting their necessities and their level of understanding. It is necessary a more effective and affectionate care, in which the women infected by the HPV play an active part in the process of the care and the interactions are true.
Al-Edlah, Rami, and Chenar Hassan Mostafa. "Kvinnors psykosociala hälsa efter mastektomi : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-2198.
Full textBackground: Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer affecting women in Sweden and worldwide. Treatment for breast cancer is usually a surgical procedure where parts of the breast or the entire breast are removed, a so-called mastectomy. Breasts are seen as a symbol of femininity, and if removed, the woman's self-image is affected negatively. Previous research has shown that the operation affects a woman's psychosocial health negatively, and beside the woman’s own coping skills, social environment does have a central part in the woman’s psychological health. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the psychosocial health after a mastectomy in women with breastcancer. Method: This study is a study based on ten qualitative, scientific articles. All articles are analyzed and presented under main- and subcategories. Results: Five major categories and nine sub-categories emerged from the analysis, the main categories are: personal development, work, activities and economics, female identity, mental illhealth and social network. Conclusion: Women's psychosocial health is affected after a mastectomy, but the experience can vary based on their age and how they cope with their feelings. Mastectomized women need individualized care. Clinical significance: Nurses must have a good and individualized care towards these women. This literature study will help nurses to get more knowledge of women with breast cancer experience and psychosocial health after mastectomy.
Lopes, Daniela Biguetti Martins. "Prevalência e fatores associados de incontinência urinária autorreferida no pós-parto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-29042010-110058/.
Full textUrinary incontinence (UI) is defined as any involuntary loss of urine, being a social and hygiene problem. In Brazil, the literature about the urinary incontinence after childbirth is incipient. UI is a morbid little explored by health professionals, making it difficult to identify the woman who has a complication. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence self-reported in the postpartum period and to relate the associated factors. This is an epidemiologic and cross-sectional study about the factors related to urinary incontinence self-reported in the postpartum period, held at the Health Center School Samuel Barnsley Pessoa located in the western region of São Paulo. The population consisted of 288 women with 30 days to six months in the postpartum period. They were interviewed from January to August 2009. The results showed that 24,6% was the prevalence of involuntary loss of urine self-reported in the postpartum period. The women ranged from 18 to 45 years old. The sociodemographic characteristics showed that only the color of the skin was statistically significant (p-value = 0.0043); women with white skin had greater representation. Among the 71 women who reported UI in the postpartum period, the primiparous were majority and underwent vaginal delivery. There was no statistically significant difference between parity and kind of the delivery and the occurrence of UI. The weight gain and urinary tract infection during pregnancy, the use and the type of anesthesia, the use of oxytocin, the duration of the labor, the episiotomy or the integrity of the perineum and the weight of the newborn at birth showed no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of UI in the postpartum period. Regarding the characteristics of losses, 44 women (62%) had incontinence when exercising, 14 (19.7%) reported urgency UI and 13 (18.3%) had mixed incontinence; to 53 (74.7%) women, the severity of the incontinence was classified as moderate. It was found that to 20 women (28.2%) the morbidity interfered on their daily activities, while 10 (14.1%) reported the complications to the health professional; and 96.2% (277 of 288) of women did not receive any guidance on the preparation of the perineum, reason given by them as one of the contributory causes of UI. Our findings allow us to conclude that the occurrence of urinary incontinence self-reported in the postpartum period is associated with skin color and that there is a prevalence of urinary incontinence in primiparous compared to multiparous. Identify factors associated with urinary incontinence in women after childbirth and its prevalence contribute to the planning of obstetric nursing care to women on the reproductive period.
Pereira, Angela Bete Severino. "Atenção à mulher no climatério realizada por profissionais da estratégia da saúde da família." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4062.
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Introduction: The climacteric period is the transitional period between reproductive and non-reproductive life in women. Clinical evaluation of women during the climacteric period should be dictated by their health situation and possible difficulties endemic to this time, and involve a cross functional team. Healthcare includes both promotion of health and disease prevention. Objective: To evaluate the care provided to women during the climacteric period by health professionals using the Family Health Strategy. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, exploratory study conducted among university educated health professionals using the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the East Healthcare District of Goiania, Goias, Brazil. Data were collected through a questionnaire. This data collection instrument was previously assessed by experts and underwent pilot testing. All stages of the study were developed in accordance with the guidelines and regulations of Brazilian National Council on Health Resolution no. 466/2012. Data were processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences using descriptive statistics and presented in tables and figures. Results: Participants included 57 (75.0%) university educated health professionals who work in the FHS. Many of the healthcare professionals reported that there are differences between the climacteric period and menopause, 57.9% could define these two phases accurately. The main reason that leads women in the climacteric period to seek care in the FHS is related to difficulties with understanding the signs and symptoms of the climacteric period, followed by questions related to new forms of hormone therapy. Concern with physical appearance presents itself as a common complaint during the climacteric period. Deficiencies and limitations in the qualifications of healthcare professionals related to knowledge of the topic of the climacteric period was the greatest difficulty. Cultural interference in the treatment of women during this phase featured prominently in reports. Conclusions: It is essential to create normative procedures and guidance for healthcare related activities for women in climacteric, especially when it comes to differences in the implementation of hormone replacement therapy. This will bring benefit to the professionals in terms of greater autonomy and safety in prescribing these and other types of treatment, ensuring completeness in service, with resolutions in a shorter timeframe.
Introdução: O climatério é a fase de transição entre o período reprodutivo e o não reprodutivo da mulher. A avaliação clínica da mulher no climatério deve ser direcionada à situação de saúde, às possíveis dificuldades dessa fase, envolvendo uma equipe multidisciplinar. A atenção à saúde abrange a promoção da saúde e a prevenção de doenças. Objetivo: Analisar a assistência prestada à mulher no climatério por profissionais de saúde que atuam na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Método: Estudo descritivo, transversal, exploratório, realizado com os profissionais de saúde do nível superior das Estratégias Saúde da Família (ESF) do Distrito Sanitário Leste de Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário. Esse instrumento foi previamente avaliado por especialistas e aplicado teste piloto. Todas as etapas do estudo foram desenvolvidas em consonância com as diretrizes e normas da Resolução do Conselho Nacional de Saúde n. 466/2012. Os dados foram processados no programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, utilizando-se estatística descritiva, e apresentados em tabelas e figura. Resultados: 57 (75,0%) profissionais de saúde de nível superior que atuam na ESF participaram do estudo. Grande parte dos profissionais referiram haver diferenças entre o climatério e a menopausa, 57,9% souberam definir essas duas fases com exatidão. O principal motivo que leva as mulheres climatéricas a buscar atendimento na ESF trata-se das dificuldades com os sinais e sintomas do climatério, seguidas por questionamentos relacionados às novas formas de tratamento hormonais. A preocupação com a aparência física configura-se como uma queixa frequente no climatério. Deficiências e limitações na qualificação dos profissionais de saúde, referentes à temática do climatério, foram as maiores dificuldades referidas. As interferências culturais no tratamento das mulheres, nessa fase, aparecem com destaque nos relatos. Conclusões: Considera-se fundamental a criação de protocolos normativos e orientadores para as atividades desenvolvidas na atenção à saúde da mulher no climatério, principalmente acerca dos aspectos relacionados às divergências em relação à implementação da terapia de reposição hormonal. Isso trará subsídio para os profissionais terem autonomia e segurança na prescrição desse e de outros tipos de tratamento, assegurando uma assistência integral, resolutiva e em menor tempo.
Souza, Jimi Hendrex Medeiros de. "Avaliação do Programa de Atenção às Pessoas com Doença Falciforme na perspectiva da Gestão em Saúde: enfoque na saúde das mulheres." Programa de Pós- Graduação em Enfermagem da UFBA, 2008. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/9586.
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Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral avaliar o programa de atenção às pessoas com doença falciforme na dimensão da gestão em saúde, com enfoque na saúde das mulheres, e como objetivo específico analisar o compromisso da gestão, a seleção de áreas prioritárias, a informação em saúde e especificidades do programa para atenção à saúde das mulheres. Trata-se de pesquisa avaliativa com abordagem qualitativa. Tomou-se como categoria empírica a implantação e implementação do Programa de Atenção às Pessoas com Doença Falciforme. Aplicado questionário, contendo padrões de qualidade, e realizado um Grupo Focal com a participação da Coordenadora do Programa, representante do Grupo de Trabalho sobre Saúde da População Negra de Salvador e representante de Usuários do Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Salvador. A avaliação foi realizada por triangulação de métodos. Este estudo mostrou que os padrões de qualidade que apontam o compromisso da gestão para implantação e implementação do programa em Salvador têm um alcance que delineia um alto compromisso da mesma, pois há uma apresentação do programa no Plano Municipal de Saúde, bem como pactuação de diretrizes, convênios e parcerias para fortalecer o programa. Foi considerado alto o processo de gestão para seleção de áreas para implantação do programa, uma vez que, a seleção considerou aspectos socioeconômicos e perfil epidemiológico da doença falciforme. Não há um processo efetivo de informação em saúde, haja visto que, não há um banco de dados específico e alimentação de sistema de informação com dados do programa, bem como não há monitoramento dos serviços de urgência e emergência. Avaliando as especificidades do programa para atenção voltada para a saúde das mulheres, fica evidente que há um médio processo de gestão que atenda as demandas da saúde das mulheres com doença falciforme. O programa prevê ações para saúde da mulher, porém ainda estão num plano voltado para saúde reprodutiva, tendo como serviço principal a consulta de pré-natal, onde a gestante é a mulher priorizada no programa, não levando em consideração aspectos da saúde sexual da mesma.. É necessário que o desenho operacional do programa, as discussões de gênero e raça/cor sejam transversalizadas em todos os componentes do programa, buscando-se colocar em operacionalidade as orientações programáticas sistematizadas na Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde das Mulheres – PNAISM; e que os padrões de qualidade sistematizados para esta pesquisa, auxiliem a gestão municipal para tomadas de decisão, e quem sabe para o fortalecimento do programa no que tange a saúde das mulheres.
Salvador
Elfalah, Anna, and Anna Hillberg. "Vi kan inte bli biologiska föräldrar : Upplevelser av ofrivillig barnlöshet." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen för Vårdvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20348.
Full textProgram: Sjuksköterskeutbildning
Costa, Geny Rose Cardoso. "ASSISTÊNCIA PRÉ-NATAL NO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2009. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1120.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The prenatal assitance enlarges a set of actions which aim to promote the pregnant women s health and the new-born s and also the set of adequated actions to the prevention, the diagnosis and the clinic handing of obstetrical problems which can occvr or of illnesses previovsly ixisting and that can affect the mothers and their children. It was done a descriptive study aiming to analyse the prenatal assistance is the state of Maranhão. The field research was made in the intercourse from July of 2007 to January of 2008, exploring a systematical sample of 2.075 women. It was executed as a comparative referential to the data of the field research. Situation of Health in Maranhão, made sevice years. The results revealed that among women who expressed previous (n= 2075) pregnance, (68,7%), are in the age betqeen 20 and 39 years old, dweel in the urban zone (53,5%), possess stable union (42,16%) the most of them (81,5%) are instructed having more than of scholarship, with minor income of a minimal wage (47%), but 51,8% don t work. 46,8% related the making of 6 consultations emphasizing the prenatal during the first trimestral moment; 63,1% got immvnization and 76,2% used the public SUS to the realization of the prenatal one, being 46% as to the Family s Health strategy, the results point a good coverage of prenatal consultations, but the great matter which this paper touches deals with the mantainance of (low) indexes of maternal health in Maranhão. In spite of the existence of plamnig and implementation of strategies in order to better the indexes of maternal mortality. We have yet grave problems in the organization of the Health s services, and this justifies the systematical realization of knom the reality of the States which respect the specificities.
A assistência pré-natal compreende um conjunto de atividades que visa a promoção da saúde das mulheres grávidas e dos recém-nascidos e o estabelecimento de ações adequadas à prevenção, ao diagnóstico e ao manuseio clínico de problemas obstétricos que venham a ocorrer, ou de enfermidade previamente existentes, que afetam as mães e seus filhos. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo com o objetivo de analisar a assistência pré-natal no Estado do Maranhão, no período de julho de 2007 a janeiro de 2008, com uma amostra representativa do estado do Maranhão de 2.075 mulheres em idade fértil (10 a 49 anos), com história pregressa de gestação. Foi executada como referencial comparativo aos dados da pesquisa Situação de Saúde no Maranhão , realizada há dez anos. Os resultados revelaram que, entre as mulheres entrevistadas, a maioria está na faixa etária entre 20 e 39 anos (68,8%), mora na zona urbana (53,5%) e relata união estável (42,2%). Destaca-se que 81,5% são alfabetizadas, com mais de 5 anos de escolaridade; menos de 50% possui renda menor que um salário mínimo (47%), possivelmente relacionado com o fato de 52% não referir nenhuma atividade laboral. Cerca de 50% relataram a realização de 6 consultas ou mais de pré-natal durante a última gravidez e 64,6% relataram inicio do pré-natal ainda no primeiro trimestre. Observouse que 74,0% dessas mulheres encontravam-se imunizadas contra tétano. Deve-se destacar que 76,2% das entrevistadas utilizaram o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) para a realização do pré-natal, sendo que dessas, 46% realizaram as consultas em Unidades Básicas de Saúde da Família. Em relação a pesquisa de 10 anos atrás, os resultados atuais refletem ainda uma pequena melhoria na escolaridade e na renda das mulheres maranhenses, e também na assistência pré-natal no que se refere ao número de consultas e período de inicio do pré-natal; diante desses resultados pode-se questionar um descompasso entre as inúmeras estratégias que ao longo do tempo tem sido implantadas/implementadas sem uma relação direta, impactante, nos indicadores de saúde da mulher, em especial relacionados à assistência pré-natal.
Okada, Marcia Massumi. "Violência doméstica contra a mulher: estudo com puérperas atendidas em uma maternidade filantrópica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7132/tde-13072007-100232/.
Full textDomestic violence against woman is spread worldwide. However its characteristics vary according to personal, family, marital, social and cultural aspects involved. This transversal, hospital-based study aimed at determining the occurrence of domestic violence against women and at analyzing its relation with some aspects of familial environment and relationship with the women´s partners. Data collection was carried out using a structured interview form, based on the content of the \"Abuse Assessment Screen\" (AAS) applied to 385 women assisted at a philanthropic maternity in the city of São Paulo. Study data analysis was performed using the \"R\" Software version 2.1.1 for Linux, and the statistical multi-variate analysis was performed by Pearson´s Qui-square and Fisher´s Exact tests. As many as 36,8% of the participants reported being subject to domestic violence, whether psychological, physical or sexual, sometime in her lifetime- 97.2%, 28.9% and 4.9%, respectively. As many as 34.5% of women comprising the study group reported being charged psychologically (95.9%), physically (34.7%) and sexually (6.1%) during pregnancy. There was a statistically significant association between religious belief and non-planned pregnancy, and between domestic violence and alcohol drinking on the part of the partner (p=0.00223/0.001767 and p=0.0002533/0.0002981, respectively). Reports on, religious belief, pregnancy planning and alcohol consumption should be included in the records of a woman during pre-natal and delivery care and need to be approached in a systematic way by health professionals
PACHECO, Leonora Rezende. "Violência Conjugal no Âmbito Doméstico: as vozes de mulheres que romperam com a agressão." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/717.
Full textThe conjugal violence against women in the domestic ambient is an internacional problem. It got notoriety since 90 s decade, in several sectors of the society because of their evil consequence and to be an uncompliance of the human rights. The health sector, through their professionals, should compose a multidisciplinary work to prevent this form of violence and give support to an aggrieved woman. The objective of this work is to understand the meaning of conjugal violence for women victims of aggression and to identify factors that contribute to break with this situation in order to give subsidies to nurses provides care for women in this situation . The theoretical reference consist of the definition of conjugal violence in the domestic ambient, the social construction of gender and cultural pillars that sustain gender violence. The methodological reference is of qualitative modality, with Social Research as a methodological procedure used. The study included 05 women victims of conjugal violence, that lives sheltered at the Centro de Valorização da Mulher; were done semi-structured interviews, captured photographies images and observations in the field. The analysis of the results was based on the thematic modality of content analysis, originating three thematic categories: "Living with the Violent Acts", which relates the period that the women lived with the aggressor, being significant the forms of violence perpetrated against them: physical, psychological, sexual and property; "Marks of the Violent Acts", in which women show the marks of violence that stay with her after breaking with the aggressor. This marks are physical, sexual and emotional that affect their health; finally, the third category, "Support to Women", which brings the support that they had or would like to have during the process of breaking with the aggressor. The women express how should be the assistence of the health professional to attend them and the need of this professional in the shelter. The study contributed to understanding the meaning of conjugal violence, with all its specificities, offering subsidies for nurses to provide quality care to these women.
A violência conjugal contra a mulher no âmbito doméstico é um problema de nível internacional. Ganhou notoriedade em vários setores da sociedade a partir da década de 1990 em razão de suas sequelas maléficas e especialmente por se constituir em um descumprimento dos direitos humanos. O setor saúde, por meio dos seus profissionais, deve compor a rede multidisciplinar na prevenção dessa forma de violência e apoio à mulher agredida. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho é compreender o significado de violência conjugal para mulheres vítimas de agressão e identificar fatores que contribuem para o seu rompimento, na perspectiva de subsidiar o enfermeiro na elaboração de uma assistência direcionada para esta problemática. O referencial teórico consiste na delimitação conceitual da violência conjugal no âmbito doméstico, na construção social de gênero e nos pilares culturais que sustentam a violência de gênero. O referencial metodológico é de natureza qualitativa, sendo a Pesquisa Social utilizada como procedimento metodológico. Participaram do estudo 05 mulheres vítimas de violência conjugal, abrigadas no Centro de Valorização da Mulher; foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, capturadas imagens fotográficas e feita observação de campo. A análise dos resultados baseou-se na modalidade temática da análise de conteúdo, gerando três categorias temáticas: Vivência dos Atos Violentos , que diz respeito ao período em que as mulheres conviveram com o agressor, sendo significativas as formas de violência contra elas perpetradas: física, psicológica, sexual e patrimonial; Marcas dos Atos Violentos , na qual as mulheres apontam as marcas da violência que ficaram após romperem com o agressor. São sequelas físicas, sexuais e emocionais que afetam sua saúde; por fim, a terceira categoria, Amparo à mulher , na qual retratam o apoio que tiveram ou que gostariam de ter durante o processo de rompimento com o agressor. Verbalizam como entendem que deveria ser a atuação do profissional de saúde ao atendê-las e a necessidade da presença desse profissional no abrigo. O estudo contribuiu para compreendermos o significado da violência conjugal, com todas as suas especificidades, trazendo subsídios para que o enfermeiro preste um atendimento de qualidade a essas mulheres.
Bueno, Lisiane Cristina Schwantes. "Depressão pós-parto no município de Itapecerica da Serra: prevalência e fatores associados." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-06112014-110721/.
Full textIntroduction: Depression is among the leading causes of disability in women, the childbearing period with a higher prevalence of depressive episodes. Mental disorders affect postpartum women in a wider sense, and in that period what else happens are: disphorias calls (melancholy), postpartum depression and postpartum psychosis. Despite its importance and the advances introduced in the health care of women in Brazil, there are few studies about its prevalence. Objectives:To characterize the prevalence of postpartum depression women in the municipality of Serra Itapecerica using the scale of the Edinburgh postpartum (EPDS) depression; Identify social , economic , family, and access to health service factors associated with occurrence of PPD. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological character study that examined the risk factors associated with the occurrence of the phenomenon , using the EPDS , considering the DPP is achieved scores 12 , and a form of socioeconomic characterization familial puerperal prepared by the researcher . The study gathered 168 women (between 10 and 60 days after birth) interviewed in UBS (s) in their homes and in a private clinic in the city of study. The sample size calculation was based on the estimated prevalence of 30 % of PPD , with a significance level of 0.05 to 5 % and absolute error of plus or minus (7% or 6%), thus estimating the following sample size. For statistical analysis, we used the Statistical Bio 5.0, applying the Mann Whitney test to compare the central tendencies of two independent samples (primiparous and multiparous) and Chi-square test to study the dependence between the two variables by means of contingency tables. The significance level was set at 0.05 aiming to obtain a result relevant to the object of study. Results: The DPP had a prevalence of 43.4% focusing on 30 (17.8%) and 43 primiparous women (25.6%) of multiparous with DPP. In the sample, the following characteristics prevailed among the mothers with PPD: age between 19 and 35 years of age, being (74.4%), in education stressed out high school (48.8%), family income was 1-3 minimum wages and ratio of 55.9%, ocupassion housewives (49.4%), were white (48.2), Catholics (47%), the sex opposite to that expected (53.5%) baby with hormonal problems (69.04%), physical fatigue in the postpartum period (31.5%) and no family support in the back maternity (22%). Conclusions: This study identified the prevalence with possibilities of improving care. When you think of quality care, emotional support and early identification of possible DPP become more efficient work. With the data obtained, we realized the need to expand the dimension of care, especially in the direct performance of postpartum women who have already performed prenatal bringing them safer care, thus avoiding an aspect of maternal morbidity interfering heavily on child development.
Monteiro, Juliana Cristina dos Santos. ""Contato precoce e amamentação em sala de parto na perspectiva da mulher"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-22022006-104900/.
Full textDue to the many known benefits of breastfeeding, the institutions that follows the norms of the Hospital Baby Friendly Initiative, adopted the so called Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding. The forth step recommends an early skin-to-skin contact soon after the birth and should be prolonged during the postpartum period. The contact must last until the first breastfeeding or until the mother wishes to maintain the contact. This study has the objective of knowing and analyzing the women experiences related to the forth step, occurred in the Hospital Baby Friendly Initiative, in Ribeirão Preto county, in Brazil. To achieve this, it was used a qualitative approach; the data was collected by observing the delivery and the immediate pos-delivery period; the interviews were done one day after the delivery, they were semi-structured and recorded. In this study, participated 23 women that maintained skin-to-skin contact with their babies, during the first half hour after the delivery. All women agreed to participate and signed a term of free consent acknowledgment. The data was analyzed by content analysis in the thematic mode. The depositions confirmed that the old model that separates the mother and the baby at the moment of delivery, it is still present in the view of the interviewed women. For them, the obstetric center is a place of suffering, fear and pain; this view is not compatible with the pleasure of breastfeeding that has been fantasized with that moment. However, even being in that difficult situation, women understand that the moment of delivering is very important for the just born baby; to assure the baby well being, women place them selves in a secondary level, not considering the pain and showing the ambivalence of that instant. Also, the depositions reveled that at the moment of receiving the just born baby, the women suffered a shock and were surprised with the appearance of the baby covered with blood, with the scents of amniotic liquid, and with the view of body secretions, that did not match with the romantic expectations. Considering this findings, it is evident that the professionals and the assisted women have romantic believes taken from the myth of the maternal love and from the teachings of hygienist medical school. The provided services at the Hospital Baby Friendly Initiative, offered by the health team, are limited to the practical aspects of the routines and norms, and they do not consider the real feelings of the women. We concluded that, the health professionals should develop communication and empathies abilities that will allow them to treat, the women-mother-feeder, considering all the possible reactions during the early contact and in the breastfeeding, in the delivery room. The attention focus should be transferred from the institution to the women that are experiencing the first contact; since they are the main subject at that moment. The change in attitude of the professionals, related to the valorization of the mother and the baby, might facilitate and improve the practice of the forth step in the Hospital Baby Friendly Initiative, avoiding the mechanical and fragmented practice and implementing a respectful and warm approach.
Frank, Bruna Regina Bratti. "Avaliação da implementação do programa rede mãe paranaense em três regionais de saúde." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/669.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Introduction: In the field of public policies it's important to evaluate the implantation of programs that aim the qualification of the health services, specially to the maternal-child population. In 2012, Paraná State implemented the program Rede Mãe Paranaense (RMP), in order of the humanization and support of this population and defined it as a priority in health actions. Objectives: The overall objective was to evaluate the performance of the domains (consultation, risk stratification, maternal prevention, management and child follow-up after childbirth), in 9th, 10th and 17th Health Regions in the period pre (2010 and 2011) and post (2012 and 2013) implantation of RMP, and as specific objectives: develop an instrument to evaluate the process and the results of the implementation to the RMP; to set an Evaluative Index to the evaluation of RMP; to identify the domains performance before and after the implantation of RMP for Health Region and compare the performance of each domain betweein three regions in the pre and post implantation periods of PRMP.Methodology: Evaluative research, with quantitative approach, realized in three Health Regions of the Parana State (9th Region of Foz do Iguaçu, 10th Region of Cascavel and 17th Region of Londrina) in the period pre (2010 and 2011) and post (2012 and 2013) implantation of the RMP. Documental data collection, as from the systems of health information, namely: Information System of Childbirth (SINASC), Mortality Information System (SIM), Monitoring System of the Humanization of Prenatal and Childbirth Care (SISPRENATAL), Information System of the National Immunization Program (SI-PNI) and Department of Health System Hardware (DATASUS), through form developed and validated by the research team, with subsequent tabulation and analysys to identify the Evaluation Index (in a scale of 0 to 100 it considered ideal an Index equal or superior to 70) of the domains to be evalueted, being them: consultation, maternal prevention, risk, management and child follow-up, and discussion with the literature about the present theme. Statistical data analysys, presented in two results articles. Results: The research allowed the construction and validation (Cronbach s alfa of 0.839) of the evaluative instrument that has demonstrated useful to the evaluation of the RMP, as well as other Public Programs of Maternal and Child Health. The domains that showed most influence in the implantation of the program was Consultation and Maternal Prevention, even though their scores after the implantation remained below the recommended, and Management, and the remaining domains little oscillated through the four years of study. Still, the 10th showed the best Evaluative Index after the implantation of the Program (76.85 in 2013), followed by the 17th, and the 9th didn t reach adequate values after the implantation of program (58.07). Conclusion: It s expected, first, that research instrument developed and validated can be replicated for evaluation of others Health Regions, as well as other maternal and child health programs. With regard the evaluation results of RMP, there is a fault in the registry of health information, which end up compromising the assessment of care quality. It is important to remember that implantation process of the Program is incipient and needs structural and implementation adjustments for exemple in the health professional qualification process, institucional contracts, netflux, to improve the quality of care provided to womem and children, with a view to achieving the goals proposed by the program throughout Parana State.
Introdução: No campo das políticas públicas faz-se importante avaliar a implantação de programas que visam a qualificação dos serviços em saúde, em especial à população materno-infantil. Em 2012, o Paraná implantou o Programa Rede Mãe Paranaense (PRMP), tendo em vista a humanização e assistência dessa população e o definiu como prioritário nas ações em saúde. Objetivos: O objetivo geral foi avaliar o desempenho dos domínios (consultas, estratificação de risco, prevenção materna, gestão e seguimento da criança após o nascimento) na 9ª, 10ª e 17ª Regionais de Saúde no período pré (2010 e 2011) e pós (2012 e 2013) implantação do PRMP, e como objetivos específicos: desenvolver instrumento de avaliação de processo e resultados de implementação para o PRMP; estabelecer Índice Avaliativo (IA) para avaliação do PRMP; identificar o desempenho dos domínios antes e depois da implantação do PRMP por Regional de Saúde e comparar o desempenho de cada domínio entre as três regionais nos períodos pré e pós implantação do PRMP. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa avaliativa, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada em três Regionais de Saúde do Estado do Paraná (9ª Regional de Foz do Iguaçu; 10ª Regional de Cascavel e 17ª Regional de Londrina) no período Pré (2010 e 2011) e Pós (2012 e 2013) implantação do PRMP. Coleta de dados documental, a partir dos sistemas de informação em saúde, a saber: Sistema de Informação de Nascidos Vivos (SINASC), Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM), Sistema de Acompanhamento do Programa de Humanização no Pré-Natal e Nascimento (SISPRENATAL), Sistema de Informações do Programa Nacional de Imunização (SI-PNI) e Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), por meio de formulário elaborado e validado pela equipe de pesquisa, com posterior tabulação e análise estatística para identificar o IA (em escala de 0 a 100 considerou-se ideal o Índice igual ou superior a 70) dos domínios avaliados, sendo eles: consultas, prevenção materna, risco, gestão e seguimento, e discussão alicerçada na literatura acerca da temática em questão. Análise estatística dos dados, apresentados em dois artigos de resultados. Resultados: A pesquisa permitiu a construção e validação (alfa de Cronbach de 0,839) de instrumento avaliativo que se demonstrou útil para avaliação do PRMP, bem como de outros programas públicos de saúde materno-infantil. Os domínios que apresentaram maior influência da implantação do programa foram Consultas e Prevenção Materna, ainda que seus escores após a implantação tenham permanecido abaixo do preconizado, e Gestão, sendo que os demais domínios pouco oscilaram ao longo dos quatro anos de estudo. Ainda, a 10ª RS foi a que apresentou melhor IA após a implantação do programa (IA de 76,85 em 2013), seguida da 17ª (IA de 73,31), sendo que a 9ª não atingiu valores adequados após a implantação do programa (IA de 58,07). Conclusão: Espera-se, primeiramente, que o instrumento de pesquisa criado e validado possa ser replicado para avaliação de outras regionais de saúde do estado, bem como de outros programas de saúde materno-infantis. No que se refere aos resultados da avaliação do PRMP, observa-se uma falha no registro das informações em saúde, que acabam comprometendo a avaliação da qualidade da assistência prestada. Faz-se importante lembrar que o processo de implantação do Programa é incipiente e necessita de ajustes estruturais e de implementação, a exemplo do processo de qualificação dos profissionais, da contratualização das instituições, do fluxo dentro da rede, em busca de melhorar a qualidade da atenção prestada às mulheres e crianças, tendo em vista o alcance das metas propostas pelo programa em todo o Paraná.
Andrade, Clara de Jesus Marques. "As equipes de saúde da família e a violência doméstica contra a mulher: um olhar de gênero." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-22062009-145809/.
Full textThis is a quanti-qualitative study that had as purpose to understand the limits and the possibilities of action by integrants of family health teams on domestic violence against women in search of appropriate ways to give visibility to this problem in the scope of the health services. Its specific objectives were: to identify the conceptions of violence by women who had lived in violent situations in the domestic space, to apprehend which could be the expectation of the women when searching the health service after suffering domestic violence, identify the limits of action of the health professionals dealing with women under domestic violence, and to analyze the gender´s view and the perception of the family health team in relation to the domestic violence against the woman. In this study the categories gender and type of violence were used as theoretical and methodological referential for the social constructs. For the data analysis it was used the methodology proposed by Bardin and Minayo and the recommendations of Bourdieu for the construction of the histories of the women. The research was developed in two stages. The first one had as subjects pregnant women attended in the Centro de Saúde Padre Fernando de Melo in the city of Belo Horizonte, evaluated through the observation, the application of a closed questionnaire with 64 questions and 12 half-structuralized interviews. The information obtained subsidized the development of the second stage of the research. The second stage was developed through a workshop with fifteen professionals of the family health team above mentioned having as the purpose the perception and positioning of the professionals dealing with situations of domestic violence against the women. In this workshop information on the limits and possibilities of approaching the domestic violence in the health services were collected. The results show that women and health professionals when do not recognize the domestic violence do not contribute to prevent it, what then becomes a present and recurrent problem in the health services. The results also show the potentiality of the workshops in the collection of data for research, articulated to the critical analysis and approach of the domestic violence in health services facilities and programs
Salim, Natália Rejane. "Contextos de nascimento: experiências, sentidos e práticas de cuidado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-16072014-114924/.
Full textChildbirth is an event that involves multiple aspects. Nature and culture are in continuous interrelation in giving birth process. The contexts in which the birth experience happens can bring forth different meanings, perceptions, practices and encounters along this process. This investigation intended to analyze the meanings of childbirth and care practices in three different contexts of obstetric care by the voices of women and professionals. Based on anthropological birth concepts, this study uses a qualitative methodology in an ethnographic approach. The investigation was developed at the Obstetric Center, Center for Humanized Birth and Birth Center, all in a poor area in southern of São Paulo. All the data was picked up by means of semi-open interviews and participant observation, with notes in a diary. Eighteen women who experienced childbirth in these contexts and fifteen obstetrical care professionals who work in these places (managers, midwives and obstetricians) were interviewed. Data analysis was organized according to each context through two central lines: 1. The managers voices and professionals. 2. Womens voices: experiences during the birth process. Based on such lines, six themes were developed: Characteristics of the context and service organization; Care practices and delivery care; Meanings of humanization; Discourses on contexts; Meanings of Childbirth. The results showed different values, meanings and practices of childbirth care in each context, which were translated into the experiences of women. The process of childbirth experienced by women is surrounded by a network of interactions between the actors involved in the birth scene, theories, values, artifacts and practices. This network dynamics showed the senses that underlie birth care and womens place in the birth scene.
Rodrigues, Daniela Taysa. "Análise da violência doméstica entre as mulheres atendidas em uma maternidade de baixo risco." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22133/tde-13112007-142942/.
Full textViolence against women has revealed to be an important public health issue as, besides leading to increased morbidity and mortality in terms of women\'s health, it has the potential to provoke even more disastrous consequences. This is the case of violence during pregnancy, which also jeopardizes the children\'s health. This study aimed to analyze domestic violence committed against women who received delivery care at a low-risk maternity hospital in Ribeirão Preto - SP. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out at the Airport Complex Maternity (Mater). The sample consisted of 547 women who received delivery care between July and September 2006. Data were collected in the puerperal period, during hospitalization at the rooming-in unit, in a private space and without the presence of companions, after the signing of the Free and Informed Consent Term. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire with 41 questions, elaborated for usage in health services. Data were processed and analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Science software (SPSS, version 11.5). The analysis involved simple frequency distribution, the Chi- Square Test (X2) or Fisher\'s Exact Test to check for associations between the variables and a 95% Odds Ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) to estimate the association. It was observed that 58.5% of the interviewed women suffered some kind of aggression by their partner during their life, and 19.6% while pregnant. What violence committed by other people is concerned, it was found that 52.3% suffered some kind of aggression at some point in their life and 15.0% while pregnant. The prevalence of women who suffered violence committed by their partner at some point in their life was higher among: single, separated, divorced or widowed women; without a relationship at that time or with partners, but without living together; who belonged to economic groups D and E; got pregnant at least three times; had an abortion; consumed alcoholic beverages at least once per week before or during the pregnancy; used illicit drugs at some point in their life; physically attacked someone; indicated fear of a close person; felt controlled by their partner; witnessed their partner under the influence of alcohol at some point during the pregnancy and mentioned that their partners used or were using illicit drugs. Besides the above mentioned risk factors, domestic violence committed by the partner during pregnancy was also greater among women who: considered themselves black or mulatto; started sexual life before the age of 15 and mentioned that their partner used alcoholic beverages at least once per week. Thus, the study proved the great extent of domestic violence among women who received delivery care at a low-risk maternity in Ribeirão Preto - SP. Hence, it is expected that the results can contribute to a greater visibility of the problem, emphasize the need to develop integral care and help in the adequate outlining of health policies involving women\'s health.
Hassel, Anna, Annelie Karlsson, and Lundberg Jonasson. "Att möta våldsutsatta kvinnor : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Life Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3000.
Full textMäns hot och våld mot kvinnor är ett allvarligt samhällsproblem. Syftet med studien var att utifrån aktuell forskning belysa faktorer som har betydelse i mötet mellan vårdpersonal och den våldsutsatta kvinnan. Metoden som har användts var en litteraturöversikt. Vetenskapliga artiklar söktes i databaserna Cinahl, Medline, HighWire press, samt psyk INFO. Resultatet består av 12 vetenskapliga artiklar publicerade mellan 1996-2007 . Analysen av materialet resulterade i ett antal områden. Dessa områden är attityder och fördomar i vårdmötet, bemötande, miljöfaktorer, utbildning och screeningprogrammens betydelse, ekonomins betydelse, samarbete mellan olika yrkesgrupper, kunskap och rädsla. Det framkom i resultatet att mer utbildning av personalen är önskvärt, för att alla parter ska känna sig trygga i mötet. Genom att belysa områdena kan arbetet inom vården påbörjas för att decimera de negativa och understödja de positiva faktorerna. Resultatet talar för att undervisning om bemötande av våldsutsatta kvinnor bör ingå i utbildning för all vårdpersonal.
Men's threats and violence against women is a serious social problem. The aim of the study was to, based on current research, find and highlight factors of importance in the meeting between health professionals and the vulnerable woman. Method that was used was a literature review. Scientific articles sought in the databases Cinahl, Medline, High Wire Press, and psych INFO. The result consists of 12 scientific articles published between the years of 1996-2007. The analysis of the material resulted in a number of areas. These areas are the attitudes and prejudices in the health care meeting, treatment, environmental, education and screening programs, importance, economic importance, cooperation between different professions, knowledge and fear. It appeared in the result that for everyone to feel safe in the meeting, more professional training of staff members was to be desirable. By highlighting these areas the work in health care can begin to decrease the negative factors and support the positive ones. The results suggest that education concerning the response to women exposed to domestic violence should be included in all training of health professionals.
Moraes, Luciene Carneiro. "Vacinação contra hepatite B em mulheres profissionais do sexo: um desafio para os profissionais de saúde." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3756.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is geographically distributed in the world and considered and of the most important public health risk. Female sex workers (FSW) are at high risk for HBV infection, and vaccination is the most effective strategy to prevent it. In Brazil, this vaccine is offered to all individuals under 25 years old and groups at high risk for hepatitis B, such as sex workers. This investigation aimed to evaluate the status of immunization, analyze predictor factors, compliance with and response to hepatitis B vaccine using two schemes: standard - G1 (0, 1, 6 months) and accelerated - G2 (0, 1 and 4 months). A total of 319 women was investigated and offered the hepatitis B vaccine. We identified 187 (58.6%) FSWs susceptible for hepatitis B, 170 of them received the first vaccine dose, and 84 were randomized to receive the G1 scheme, and 86 the G2 one. The second dose was administered according the proposed schemes in only 17 and 28 women in G1 and G2, respectively. Fifty-two women were rescued and received the second dose of the vaccine, regardless of the dosing interval, this group was designated GR. The third dose was administered in 6, 11 and 51 women of G1, G2 and GR, respectively. In only 60 women, blood samples were collected for detection of anti-HBs. Seven of them (11.7%) did not develop protective titers of anti HBs, being one of G1 group, one of G2 group and five of GR group. The overall geometric mean titers of anti-HBs were 256.4 mIU / mL: 301.6 mIU/mL in G1, 78.2 mIU/mL in G2 and 339.2 mIU/mL in recovered group. The low frequency of FSWs immunized and the low adherence to hepatitis B vaccination highlight the need of public strategies to reach this population a risk for hepatitis B. On the other hand, the good immunogenicity of the Brazilian hepatitis B vaccine, regardless of dosing intervals, suggests that health professionals should not limit the stiffness of the vaccination scheme and lose the opportunity to immunize this population hard to reach.
A infecção pelo vírus da Hepatite B (HBV) é geograficamente distribuída em todo mundo e considerada um importante problema de saúde pública. Mulheres profissionais do sexo (MPS) apresentam um risco elevado para infecção pelo HBV, sendo a vacinação a maneira mais eficaz para sua prevenção. No Brasil, essa vacina é oferecida a todos os indivíduos menores de 25 anos e a grupos que apresentam potencial de risco para hepatite B, como profissionais do sexo. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a situação de imunização e analisar fatores preditores de vacinação, como também administrar a vacina contra hepatite B, utilizando dois esquemas: padrão – G1 (0, 1 e 6 meses) e acelerado – G2 (0, 1 e 4 meses), comparando a adesão e a resposta vacinal. Um total de 319 mulheres foi recrutada para o estudo. Destas, 52 (16,3%) já haviam sido expostas ao HBV, 80 (25,1%) apresentavam evidências sorológicas de vacinação prévia, e 187 (58,6%) eram suscetíveis a hepatite B. Ter idade inferior a 30 anos e se prostituir em boates foram preditores de vacinação contra hepatite B (p < 0,05). Do total de mulheres suscetíveis, 170 (91%) concordaram em receber a primeira dose da vacina contra hepatite B, sendo que 84 foram randomizadas para receberem o esquema G1 e 86 o esquema G2. Inicialmente, a segunda dose foi administrada em apenas 17 e 28 mulheres do G1 e G2, respectivamente. Contudo, 52 mulheres foram resgatadas ao longo do estudo e receberam a segunda dose da vacina, independente do intervalo entre doses. Esse grupo foi denominado GR. A terceira dose foi administrada em 6, 11 e 51 mulheres do G1, G2 e GR, respectivamente. Somente em 60 mulheres foi possível a coleta de sangue para detecção do anti-HBs. Destas, sete (11,7%) não desenvolveram títulos protetores de anti-HBs, sendo uma do G1, uma do G2 e cinco do GR. A média geométrica global dos títulos de anti-HBs foi 256,4 mUI/mL: 301,6 mUI/mL no G1, 78,2 mUI/L no G2 e 339,2 mUI/L no GR. A baixa freqüência de MPS imunizadas e de adesão à vacinação contra hepatite B evidenciam a necessidade de estratégias públicas que alcancem esta população em risco para hepatite B. Por outro lado, a boa imunogenicidade da vacina brasileira contra hepatite B, mesmo quando administrada em intervalos irregulares, sugere que para esta população o profissional de saúde não deve se limitar a rigidez dos esquemas de vacinação e perder a oportunidade de imunizar essa população de difícil acesso.
Rosa, Patricia Lima Ferreira Santa. "Mulheres negras, o cuidado com a saúde e as barreiras na busca por assistência: estudo etnográfico em uma comunidade de baixa renda." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-11082014-155050/.
Full textIntroduction: Half of the female Brazilian population is black. Many women in this racial group never did mammography, and the maternal mortality rates are higher among them. Many inequalities still persist in many society sectors, including health, even after the implementation of the National Health System, which provides free health care for all people. Objectives: To explore the beliefs, values and practices of black women regarding health care at home, in the community context, and it is the interface with the process of seeking for health care facilities. Methodology: The research was conducted through qualitative approach and the ethnographic method was done. It was carried out in the city of São Paulo, at a neighborhood district called Cidade Ipava, located in Jardim Angela, where is there a large proportion of blacks, which suffer high levels of vulnerability to poverty. Data were collected through the participant observation process and ethnographic interviews were done with 17 general informants and three key informants. Results: Three descriptors and a cultural theme express the beliefs, values and practices of black women regarding health care: 1) I do my best to not have to go to the doctor I take care of the health as I can to avoid getting sick: 2) The experience with the health care that I have received in health care facilities is not good: 3) I suffer hidden prejudice for being black. The cultural theme was: Do not having another way - we are forced to face obstacles and must seek for medical care because the home medicines did not showed effects and the health problem is serious. Conclusions: Women are faced with (in)visible obstacles when they to access the health care facilities. These results reiterated that the social determinants which characterize the health inequalities, such as gender relations, social class, age, territory, religion, race, among others, do not manifest themselves alone in the social relations. At the current post-modern environment, the social inequalities persist, especially among black women residents of outlying areas of large cities. These require support for empowerment, essential to claim, to access and to enjoy a high quality health care.
Mesquita, Vanessa Giulianni de Freitas. "Ações de Atenção Básica à Saúde da mulher em penitenciárias na Paraíba." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/jspui/handle/tede/2853.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Objective: to describe the prenatal, cervical cancer and breast cancer control actions performed in women's penitentiaries in Paraíba and to identify positive and negative aspects for the execution of women's healthcare actions in Paraíba penitentiaries under the perspective of women deprived of liberty, health professionals and managers. Methodological path: a descriptive-exploratory study of a qualitative approach, performed between June and November 2015, in the four female penitentiaries of Paraíba. Participants included women deprived of liberty, nurse from a health unit implanted in a state prison unit, and nurses who performed weekly care in other prisons, SEAP Health Management and women health coordinators of the Municipal Health Secretariats. For data collection, an interview with semi - structured script was used. All the professionals were interviewed and the sample of women deprived of liberty was given by theoretical saturation in each prison unit. The participant´s speeches of the research were associated through the triangulation technique and the data analysis followed the methodological proposal of Content Analysis, according to Bardin's perspective. Results: it was possible to understand which actions of basic care regarding prenatal care, cervical cancer control and breast cancer control were developed, as well as the educational actions performed. In addition, the positive aspects of basic healthcare actions for women deprived of liberty and the obstacles to the implementation of these actions were identified. Conclusions: the actions of cervical cancer control and prenatal care stand out in the control of breast cancer; educational actions do not achieve the expected results for health promotion; the existence of actions of basic attention to women's health is positively evaluated regarding aspects of healthcare, which was not observed with regard to health promotion actions; it was found that poor physical structure, lack of inputs for healthcare, spontaneous demand, lack of professionals and political differences are considered obstacles and factors that make integral healthcare of these women unfeasible.
Objetivo: descrever as ações de pré-natal, controle do câncer de colo do útero e controle do câncer de mama realizadas nas penitenciárias femininas da Paraíba e identificar aspectos positivos e negativos para execução de ações de atenção à saúde da mulher em peniten ciárias da Paraíba sob a ótica das mulheres privadas de liberdade, profissionais de saúde e gestores. Caminho metodológico: estudo descritivo-exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, realizado entre junho e novembro de 2015, nas quatro penitenciárias femininas da Paraíba. Os participantes foram as mulheres privadas de liberdade, enfermeiro da equipe de saúde implantada em uma unidade prisional do estado e enfermeiros que realizavam atendimento semanal nas demais penitenciárias, Gerência de saúde da SEAP e coordenadores de saúde da mulher das Secretarias Municipais de Saúde. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se uma entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado. Foram entrevistados todos os profissionais e a amostra de mulheres privadas de liberdade se deu por saturação teórica em cada unidade penitenciária. As falas dos participantes da pesquisa foram associadas através da técnica de triangulação e a análise dos dados seguiu a proposta metodológica de Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: foi possível perceber quais ações de atenção básica referentes ao acompanhamento pré-natal, controle do câncer do colo do útero e controle do câncer de mama eram desenvolvidas, bem como quais as ações educativas realizadas. Além disso, foram identificados os aspectos positivos das ações de atenção básica à saúde da mulher privada de liberdade e quais os entraves na execução dessas ações. Conclusões: as ações de controle do câncer do colo do útero e acompanhamento pré-natal sobressaem as de controle do câncer de mama; as ações educativas não alcançam os resultados esperados para promoção da saúde; a existência das ações de atenção básica à saúde da mulher é avaliada positivamente no que se refere a aspectos assistenciais, o que não se observou quanto às ações de promoção a saúde; verificou-se que estrutura física deficiente, ausência de insumos para cuidados em saúde, atendimento por demanda espontânea, carência de profissionais e divergências políticas são consideradas entraves e fatores que inviabilizam uma atenção integral a saúde destas mulheres.
Yuasa, Cristina Shizue. "A depressão feminina no discurso de mulheres." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-31032016-144435/.
Full textDepression in women has become a serious public health problem and major cause of disability in both developed and developing countries. According to psychiatric literature, women present higher vulnerability to depression due to the influence of the female reproductive cycle and different phases and hormonal fluctuations they would face during their lifetime, among other factors. The contribution of social sciences is, therefore, of paramount importance for understanding and discussing the issue of female depression, as well as the very definition of the phenomenon. This study aims at characterizing the sociodemographic profile and life trajectories of women diagnosed with depression, subjects of the present research; identifying reasons why women seek health care at the time of the diagnosis of depression; uncovering the meanings attributed by such women to the experience of such diagnosis; characterizing processes of elaboration of the experience of living with depression by women themselves and analyzing the narratives of women as from biomedical and gender readings from the perspective of social sciences. The research is qualitative, having used the technique of personal accounts to collect data from the viewpoint of a thematic guide. The narratives were interpreted through discourse analysis from the viewpoint of the social sciences. The womens discourse revealed the multidimensionality and interconnection of the symptoms of depression as well as the diversity of motives attributed to the disease, such as histories of family conflicts, domestic violence, excessive responsibility, grieving relatives and spiritual interference. Medication along with religious practice were the main strategies used by women to cope with the illness. However, the influence of concepts and gender values in mental health, as well as silence about violence and social isolation have demonstrated the importance of health services using new approaches and practices regarding the phenomenon of depression.
Alonso, Bruna Dias. "Fatores associados à cesariana segundo fonte de financiamento na Região Sudeste: estudo transversal a partir dos dados de pesquisa \'Nascer no Brasil\' Inquérito Nacional sobre Parto e Nascimento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-07042015-113624/.
Full textIntroduction: Caesarean section without clinical reason is associated with women and their children adverse outcomes at short and long term. Variation of caesarean section rates among services and countries can not be explained only by women´s characteristics. Payment source has strong influence on the decision of mode of birth. Objective: To describe and compare socioeconomic, demographic, clinical and obstetric factors associated with caesarean section among women in public health system (SUS) and private health care sector (SSS). Methods: Cross-sectional study with Southeast´ data of \"Born in Brazil\" national survey. The sample included women who had live births or stillbirths (weighing 500 g and/or gestational age 22 weeks) and normal or caesarean deliveries, in hospitals with 500 births in 2007. The association between caesarean section and other variables was verified by univariate and multiple binary logistic regression, on which crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) of 95 per cent were calculated. Results: The sample comprised 9,828 women. The caesarean section rate was 52.9 per cent , with higher proportion in SSS (84.0 per cent ). Being an adolescent (SUS: OR=0.68, CI 95 per cent 0.57-0.81/SSS: OR=0.48, CI 95 per cent 0.27-0.84) and having a hospital in a capital city as a place of birth (SUS: OR=0.39, CI 95 per cent 0.34-0.45/SSS: OR=0.48, CI 95 per cent 0.36-0.65) were associated to lower chances of caesarean section in both funding sources. Paid employment (SUS: OR=1.32, CI 95 per cent 1.16-1.51/SSS: OR=2.94, CI 95 per cent 2.14-4.03), a previous caesarean section (SUS: OR=22.06 CI 95 per cent 18.33-26.56/SSS: OR=64.48 CI 95 per cent 32.78-126.84), to be primiparous (SUS: OR=4.86, CI 95 per cent 4.16-5.69/SSS: OR=8.37, CI 95 per cent 5.96-11.75) and complications during pregnancy (SUS:OR=9,27; IC 95 per cent 8,17-10,53/SSS:OR=3,09; IC 95 per cent 2,22-4,31) represented increased chances for caesarean section among women in SUS and SSS. The following variables were independently associated with caesarean section, only in SUS: 35 years old or more (OR=1.36, CI 95 per cent 1.09-1.69); higher education or more (OR=2.53, CI 95 per cent 1.78-3.59); no partner (OR=0.78, CI 95 per cent 0.68-0.90); belonging to A, B or C economic classes (respectively: OR=1.72, CI 95 per cent 1.39-2.12/OR=1.29, CI 95 per cent 1.09-1.53) and complications during labor (OR=3.18, CI 95 per cent 2.62- 3.85). Conclusions: The high proportion of caesarean sections in the SSS demonstrated that this funding source was crucial on caesarean section indications and overcame socioeconomic, demographic, clinical and obstetrical factors. Indicators of better socioeconomic condition were associated to caesarean section in SUS.
Santos, Maria Aparecida Machado dos. "POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS E A SAÚDE DA MULHER NO BRASIL E NO ESTADO DE GOIÁS." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2015. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/3029.
Full textThe implementation of public policies and attention to women s health has been the subject every year large and complex discussions with important contributions to the process of transforming the paradigm of women s health. Thus through the women s health policies, there was a survey of women s health policies implemented in Brazil and particularly in the State of Goiás. The objective of this study was to prepare a survey of public policy women s health, implemented in Brazil and particularly in the State of Goiás and analyze the situation of women s health across the public policies of health implemented. Data and information obtained were recorded in tables, graphs and the results were presented and interpreted having as reference the theoretical foundations and the reality of women s health. It was found that the health care of women is worrying as it has been made by means of individual goals and disjointed actions do not favor full access in the basic health network. One of the factors that increase the morbidity and mortality of women are lack of effective public policies among many other diseases presenting a high index of mater nal mortality. With regard to the demand of women to health services was found that the policies for assistance to women during pregnancy and puerperal period will significant membership and presents a deficit in the quality of care in other important areas. It presents a fragmented way, based on health actions and disjointed from state health departments, making it difficult to assist the female population. We conclude that in Brazil and Goiás comprehensive care recommended by the National Health System is not actually contemplated, considering that the health system has difficulty in attending women in specific areas such as menopause, infertility and mental health among others . Missing the execution and implementation of a comprehensive and integrated public policies formulated by the State Council of Women, State Secretaries to work together to meet the woman throughout its segment be it social, cultural, political and professional.
A implementação de políticas públicas de atenção à saúde da mulher tem sido alvo a cada ano de amplas e complexas discussões com contribuições importantes para o processo de transformação do paradigma da saúde da mulher. Desse modo, realizou-se um levantamento das políticas de saúde da mulher implementadas no Brasil e particularmente, no Estado de Goiás. O objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar um levantamento das politicas públicas de saúde da mulher, implementadas no Brasil e particularmente, no Estado de Goiás e analisar a situação da saúde da mulher frente as politicas públicas de saúde implementadas. Os dados e informações obtidos foram registrados em tabelas, gráficos e os resultados foram apresentados e interpretados tendo como referência os fundamentos teóricos e a realidade da saúde da mulher. Constatou-se que a assistência à saúde da mulher é preocupante, pois tem sido efetivada por meio de metas isoladas e ações desarticuladas não favorecendo o pleno acesso na rede básica de saúde. Um dos fatores que aumentam a morbimortalidade das mulheres são a falta de políticas públicas eficazes apresentando entre tantos outros agravos um elevado índice da mortalidade materna. No que se refere à demanda das mulheres aos serviços de saúde constatou-se que as políticas voltadas para à assistência à mulher no período gravídico-puerperal á uma adesão significativa e apresenta um déficit na qualidade do atendimento em outras áreas importantes que se apresenta de forma fragmentada, fundamentada em ações de saúde e desarticulada entre Secretarias Estaduais de Saúde, o que dificulta a assistência à população feminina. Conclui-se que no Brasil e em Goiás a integralidade da assistência preconizada pelo Sistema Único de Saúde não é efetivamente contemplada, tendo em vista que o sistema de saúde apresenta dificuldades em assistir a mulher nas áreas específicas como climatério, infertilidade e saúde mental, entre outras. Faltando execução e implementação de forma ampla e integrada das políticas públicas formuladas pelo Conselho Estadual da Mulher, Secretárias Estaduais a trabalharem em conjunto para atenderem a mulher em todo seu segmento seja ele social, cultural, político e profissional.
Hooshmand, Mojgan Sabeti. "Parteiras de Regência, ES: os múltiplos sentidos do ato de partejar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-07032006-125309/.
Full textThis qualitative study tried to catch the art of midwife practice of five ladies who have been exercising it in Regência, ES, as the only possibility of helping pregnant women at baby delivering in that region. During this essay, a theorical embasement was searched, which allowed to recognize the role of midwives, until mid 20th Century, as the only assistance for delivery as well as specifically feminine diseases. Even nowadays, in the countryside or faraway counties, midwives still are the only resource to turn to in health cases or baby delivery assistance, as verified in the present study. The half-structured interview was used as a data collection tool. Verbal thematic stories of lives where obtained, by means of reported stories of the interviewed, which where recorded in cassette tapes and transcripts, for content analysis development. All the interviewed midwives are from humble background, with little or none education who, despite living short of money, feel proud of not charging anything for the job. Most depend on their own childrens help to survive financially. Sometimes, they accept gifts in return but never money. The analysis of the subjects of this study reveals that the craft of midwives is faced as a mission in life, due to the natural gift they were given, which was discovered in an unexpected situation, or a real demand and, eventually, was developed by experience itself, as a service to the community, most of the times, with no structural support on behalf of the official Healthy system. Aware of this, it becomes more and more evident that there is need for effective engagement among midwives and the Regional health system, having in mind a qualified and better assistance to the local population, respecting the principles of SUS (Unified Health System).
Souza, Silvana Regina Rossi Kissula. "A experiência da mulher e de seu acompanhante no parto em uma maternidade pública." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-27052015-163754/.
Full textQualitative study based on oral history of womens experiences and their companions during the process of labor and childbirth at a public maternity in Curitiba, Paraná State/Brazil. The study objectified to apprehend the experience of women and their companions during the childbirth process. Data collection was held between October, 2012 and May, 2013 by means of individual semi-structured interviews. The collaborators in the study were 11 women and 11 companions present during the childbirth process, and invited to participate in the research during the workshops of the university extension project Preparation for childbirth companions. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and retextualized; after that, the vital tone was extracted. The collaborators checked the retextualized versions of the narratives and signed the Cession Letter. Data were thematically analyzed and separated in three themes: 1) experiences during the process of accompanied childbirth; 2) professionals performance viewed by the women and their companions; 3) contradictions and obstacles during childbirth experience. In this study, it can be pointed out: womens choice for the presence of their husbands/partners; the reasons for that choice, such as safety, support and assuredness; childbirth experiences and the companions role. Procedures for pain relief, respect for the womens choices on the positions during delivery, and some professionals attitudes were pointed as facilitators during the accompanied childbirth process. Contradictions in the childbirth caring model as well as companions constraints for their insertion in the childbirth process were found, among them, some restrictive situations of companions access, organizational, structural aspects and some health professionals behavior. Some practices point to care improvement rendered to women and their families during the childbirth process. It is concluded that companions participation during the childbirth process under the current caring model still finds some hurdles for the full achievement of the humanized childbirth caring model advocated by the World Health Organization and Brazilian Ministry of Health
Turiani, Mariana. "Hábitos de higiene genital e infecção no trato urinário autorreferida na gravidez." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7132/tde-20052009-152948/.
Full textIntroduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI), which is one of the most frequent complications during pregnancy, negatively affects perinatal morbidity and mortality ratios. Objective: This research aimed to verify the association between genital and sexual hygiene practice and the occurrence of UTI during pregnancy. Cases and method: A cross-sectional, exploratory and descriptive hospital-based study was carried out. Data were collected from 220 (N) puerperal women who received delivery care at a public hospital in São Paulo City, Brazil. A structured form was used for data collection. Data were fed into an Epi Info database and analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows version 12.0. The Chi-Square Test was performed to check for associations between the independent variables and the occurrence of UTI in pregnancy. All associations with p<0.05 were considered significant. Conclusions and final considerations: As to these womens sociodemographic characteristics, a majority was between 20 and 29 years old (51.8%), finished secondary education (46.4%), was catholic (48.7%), had children (60%) and a fixed partner (91.8%). Their partners presented similar characteristics. No significant association (p<0.05) was identified between the sociodemographic characteristics of the pregnant woman and her partner, prenatal care, parity and delivery type, availability of bathroom, washing of intimate clothing, habit to use sanitary towels, genital hygiene practices of the puerperal women and their partners before and after urinary-intestinal eliminations and after coitus, sexual habits and the occurrence of UTI during pregnancy. The occurrence of this disease during pregnancy was self-referred by 33.2% of the women. It was remarkable that some women (0.9%) did not perform genital hygiene after intestinal eliminations. Systemized information on genital hygiene habits should be obtained with a view to identifying and responding to individual demands. The lack of significant associations between the research variables and the occurrence of UTI during pregnancy indicated that other dimensions of the pregnant womans life should be focused on in future research
Domingos, Selisvane Ribeiro da Fonseca. "O significado da ação de provocar o aborto na adolescência: uma abordagem da fenomenologia social sob a perspectiva de mulheres." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-15022012-121601/.
Full textBy recognizing that the provoked abortion is a major public health problem and a marking event in the lives of many women, especially when it occurs in a physiological, psychological and social maturing phase characterized by adolescence, it was performed this study with the aim to understand the significance of the action of provoking abortion in adolescence from the women perspective. For such purpose it was opted for a qualitative research, with the approach of social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz. The data were collected between June 2010 and March 2011, by means of open interviews with the following guiding questions: Tell me, how was it for you to discover that you were pregnant? How did you feel? How was it for you to decide by the abortion and make it? How did you experience this moment? What are your plans? Seven women who provoked abortion in their adolescence participated in this research. They presently live in an eastern town of Minas Gerais State. Three of them made the abortion by imposition of their mother and the others had autonomy to make this decision regardless of the people and the risks involved. The significance of the action of provoking abortion, since the discovery of pregnancy, including its decision and implementation was unveiled by the following categories: the pregnancy impact, the decision and the abortion implementation, the caused suffering, the consequences of abortion and life after abortion. For the participants, the pregnancy discovery was experienced with insecurity and despair, since they had not planned the pregnancy. Thus, there was the fear of pregnancy rejection by the mother and worsening of financial conditions and family conflicts. Regardless of how the abortion was performed, most of them experienced complications and required hospitalization for treatment. After the abortion, just suffering, guilt and regret were left. Today, they eager for health care. However, those who had abortion by imposition of their mother want to get pregnant again and those who had autonomy for such option seek to quit the reproductive life. What proved to be typical in the women social action points to a concern regarding issues related to interpersonal communication and to decisions of the reproductive life that in the future may support care actions for adolescents and women, especially regarding the preventive health, specifically for the family planning.
Gusman, Christine Ranier [UNIFESP]. "Parteiras Indígenas e os Objetos do Partejar: apropriação, usos, sentidos e significados." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/11600/41854.
Full textEsta tese é o resultado de um estudo que pretendeu colocar em análise as estratégias do Programa Trabalhando com Parteiras Tradicionais e suas repercussões para um grupo de mulheres Krahô. A entrega do kit da parteira é um ícone do programa, uma presunção de que uma nova prática alinhada ao saber hegemônico terá início a partir de então. Nesse sentido, o estudo buscou analisar como as mulheres Krahô compreendem sua participação no programa e se apropriam e ressignificam os objetos do kit da parteira no contexto do parto domiciliar. A tese está estruturada em formato de quatro artigos, cada qual representando momentos distintos do estudo. Os dois primeiros são anteriores ao trabalho de campo e frutos de questionamentos vivenciados tanto na etapa de desenvolvimento do programa de parteiras quanto no percurso para aprovação nos comitês de ética. Os dois últimos são provenientes do trabalho de campo e contaram com a antropologia e o método etnográfico como suportes principais. Os trâmites para aprovação ética do estudo mostraram-se tortuosos e excessivamente burocráticos, a experiência indicou que é nos processos singulares e subjetivos que as posturas éticas ou não éticas podem ser experimentadas, a despeito do que possa estar registrado em formulários. Os resultados apontam um descompasso entre o discurso e a prática de valorização do saber tradicional e um nítido viés etnocentrado do programa ao ofertar instrumentos fora da lógica de cuidado das mulheres e pressupor um impacto nos indicadores de saúde a partir da aquisição do saber hegemônico. Os objetos foram apropriados e ressignificados no cotidiano das aldeias, mas não encontraram um lugar claro no contexto do parto domiciliar. Traços de violência simbólica emergiram e a categorização das mulheres Krahô como “parteiras” trouxe impactos e prejuízos na relação social de algumas mulheres. Sugere-se o resgate da dimensão intercultural na formulação e execução de políticas públicas direcionadas a esse público como um caminho profícuo, sob pena de se engendrar num ciclo alienado e alienante, desperdiçando recursos e adiando discussões importantes como o fortalecimento da rede de atenção à saúde no entorno das mulheres indígenas.
This thesis is the result of a study that sought to analyze the strategies of the Working with Traditional Midwives Program and its repercussions on a group of Krahô women. Midwife kit delivery is an icon of the program, a presumption that a new practice aligned with hegemonic knowledge will begin there after. Thus, the study sought to analyze how Krahô women view their participation in the program and take ownership of and resignify midwife kit objects in the home birth context. The thesis is structured in four papers, each representing different moments of the study. The first two occurred prior to fieldwork and result from issues raised during the development stage of the midwifery program and throughout the process of approval by ethics committees.The last two stem from fieldwork and were mainly supported by anthropology and the ethnographic method. The procedures for the ethical approval of the study were tortuous and overly bureaucratic. Experience has indicated that ethical or unethical stances can be experienced in the singular and subjective processes, regardless of what may be recorded in forms. Results point to a mismatch between the discourse and the practice of recognizing traditional knowledge and a clear ethnocentric bias of the program when offering tools outside the rationale of women care and assuming an impact on health indicators from the acquisition of hegemonic knowledge. The objects were appropriated and resignified in the daily life of villages, but they failed to find a clear place in the context of home birth. Symbolic violence traits emerged and the categorization of Krahô women as midwives brought impacts and losses in the social relationship of some women. We suggest reviving the intercultural realm in the formulation and implementation of public policies directed to this public as a profitable pathway, under penalty of engendering an alienated and alienating cycle, wasting resources and delaying important discussions such as the strengthening of the health care network around indigenous women.
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
Oliveira, Deíse Moura de. "O processo de tomada de decisão da mulher obesa pela cirurgia bariátrica: uma abordagem compreensiva." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-04062013-102343/.
Full textIntroduction: The decision on bariatric surgery may involve a range of situations that happens in women\'s daily lives which lead to submit themselves to this surgical procedure. What they need is to understand that the possible risks in the surgery are considerably smaller than those in obesity. Objective: To understand the decision-making process of obese women on the bariatric surgery. Method: It is a qualitative research based on Social Phenomenology of Alfred Schütz. This study included 12 candidates women for the bariatric surgery enrolled in the Control Service of Hypertension, Diabetes and Obesity in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, attending the Pro-obese educational group. From October to December 2012, the statements were obtained through interviews which asked the following questions: Why did you decide on the bariatric surgery? How do feel about deciding on the bariatric surgery? What do you expect for your life to decide on the bariatric surgery? Results: The decision-making process of women on the bariatric surgery considers their inadequate eating habits, their physical appearance which is inconsistent with the contemporary society body standard, the social prejudice, the obesity limitations and the previous failure of many attempts to lose weight. Therefore, the women challenge themselves to face the fear of surgery and revise their eating habits. They seek and find the necessary support in the educational group. Their expectations for their lives after the bariatric surgery consist of losing the desired body weight, catching a glimpse of health\'s redemption, social inclusion and integration into the labor market. Conclusions: Understanding the decision-making process of women on the bariatric surgery is important for nurses and other health professionals to assist obese people. Furthermore, it shows that the obesity topic should be deepened in health professionals trainings, leading the students to think about this theme beyond the biomedical perspective, valuing the obese individuals and their life context. Finally, this study reveals the need to increase qualitative research in order to elucidate other several intricacies involved in obesity.
Bortolieiro, Raquel Verceze. "Caracterização do desempenho ocupacional de mulheres portadoras de dor pélvica crônica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17145/tde-07012016-092641/.
Full textIntroduction: Pelvic chronic pain is one of the most common disease among women of reproductive age, and like most of them, have a direct impact on marital life, social and professional woman. The impact of pain on work performance of women directly affects household economic activity, since, currently, the woman is a substantial part of household income. Occupational therapy by the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance holistic dimensions of the individual in the three areas of occupational performance: self-care, productivity and leisure; and from the viewpoint of the pain study, occupational therapy procedures include the evaluation of the multitude of physical, environmental and psychosocial factors aggravated by pain in many contexts individual\'s performance. Objective: To characterize the occupational performance of women with DPC met in a tertiary center and the association between occupational limitations with the presence of chronic pelvic pain, the degree of kinesiophobia and psychological symptoms. Methods: Qualitative descriptive cross-sectional study. 150 women were collected, of which 75 women with CPP (group: pain) and 75 healthy women (group: healthy), all participants were given free and informed consent form. The calculation of sample size was performed on proportions with margin of error relative in infinite populations by the following expression: n = (z 2 q) / (2 · p). Reviews and scales used were: Visual analogue scale VAS (visual analogue scale), Face Scale, Health Questionnaires patient: PHQ-4 (Patient Health Questionnaire), SRQ (Self-report Questionnaire), Scale Tampa kinesiophobia, Measurement Canada Occupational Performance (COPM). Data were recorded on a specific form. The normal distribution was evaluated variables by D\'Agostino and Pearson test. To investigate the association between groups and qualitative variables we used Fisher\'s exact test or chi-square when more relevant. Result: Women with DPC are inserted into fewer in the labor market compared to healthy women, and have more sleep disturbances and history of abdominal surgery, and have above average scores on the PHQ-4 tests, SRQ and Tampa, time of pain (M) was 108 months and the VAS (M) 74. Women with DPC care less about the \"self-care\" in the three subcategories of \"self-care\" women with DPC emphasize less important. In the category \"productivity\" the level of importance is homogeneous, but despite women with CPP are outnumbered in the labor market, in the subcategory \"work\" both groups have concerns about their work activities, regarding the \"housekeeping\" women with CPP are more concerned than women with healthy and the opposite occurs in \"duties\". In the last category analyzed both groups reveal the \"leisure\" and its 10 three major subcategories of homogeneous manner. The performance and satisfaction of women with CPP is less than the average of the group Healthy women. Conclusion: The performance and satisfaction of women with CPP are harmed due mainly to DPC. Changes in previous abdominal surgery and sleep, can be directly related to DPC. These women exhibit behavior such as loss of identity, social isolation, coping and social pain. The CAP survey suggests that women with CPP have fear when performing their activities. Our work tries to fill a gap in the literature on occupational performance in women with chronic pelvic pain, because little is known about the disease and how much interferes with the work performance of those women.
Vieira, Letícia Becker. "PERSPECTIVAS DE MULHERES QUE DENUNCIAM O VIVIDO DA VIOLÊNCIA: CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM À LUZ DE SCHUTZ." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7339.
Full textThe research aimed to understand the reasons for the woman who performs the action to denounce his living in violent situations.It was developed a qualitative research with phenomenological approach, with theoretical framework of Alfred Schütz. The setting was the Police Station for Women and the Emergency Care Station in an inner city of Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil. The participants of the study were women aged from 18 to 59 years looking for the service to carry the record of violence by their partners. For production data, it was used a phenomenological interview, which ended at the 13th empathetic meeting, when it was realized the sufficiency of meanings. From their intentions it was revealed that women, when living deeply the action to denounce, expect to end the violence situation that they don t accept and don t tolerate anymore. They want to have peace and to be able to resume their plans and their life, with intent to separate from the companion. They have expectations about the need for justice and protection for themselves and their child (s). By revealing their motivation in denouncing, the woman establishes a relationship of anonymity with her partner, since the complaint goes through the decision to break with traditions that she no longer accepts and that cause her grief. From their daily experiences of violence, they began to question the common sense of knowledge, which typifies cultural patterns of social groups and takes an attitude of breaking with the typical formula of perceiving women in the relationship with the partner in the natural attitude. It was disclosed that, in the intersubjective relationship with the partner, there is lack of exchanges of views, claiming that this one hurts her rights as a person. Backed by legislation that prohibits violence, women begin to question such a situation, no more accepting it as a premise and they express the desire to don t share anymore a story that was being built in common. The expectations regarding the action to denounce express the desire to drive it until the end, as well the need to believe in justice and its outcome. The intention of the complaint reveals the need to protect and create their child (s) free (s) of violence assisted by them and sometimes experienced. They reveal their anguish in being alive to be able to take care of the child, once the partner threatens to take their life. Thus, the typical action, as vision for nursing, expands the understanding of the health professional, who can better direct their health care, from the subjectivity of the subjects. It is seen that nursing care should / could be facing the prospects of the women, be directed to women in situations of violence, from their social reality, embedded in their world, considering establishing relationships, life history, to recognize their needs and demands in health, from a dialogical perspective, aiming to break the cycle of naturalization and acceptance of violence.
A investigação teve como objetivo apreender os motivos para da mulher que realiza a ação de denunciar o seu vivido em situação de violência. Desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa com abordagem fenomenológica, à luz do referencial teórico metodológico de Alfred Schütz. O cenário foi a Delegacia de Polícia para Mulher e a Delegacia de Pronto Atendimento de um município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. As participantes do estudo foram mulheres da faixa etária dos 18 aos 59 anos que procuram o serviço para realização do registro de ocorrência da violência pelo companheiro. Para produção dos dados, utilizou-se a entrevista fenomenológica, as quais encerraram no 13º encontro empático, quando se percebeu a suficiência de significados. A partir de suas intencionalidades desvelou-se que as mulheres, ao vivenciarem a ação de denunciar, esperam acabar com a situação de violência que elas não aceitam e não aguentam mais. Elas desejam ter paz e poder retomar seus planos e sua vida, com intenção de se separar do companheiro. Elas têm expectativas com relação à necessidade de justiça e de proteção sua e de seu/sua(s) filho/a(s). Ao revelar sua motivação em denunciar, estabelece uma relação de anonimato com seu companheiro, uma vez que a denúncia perpassa pela decisão de romper com costumes que não aceita mais e que lhe causam sofrimento. A partir de suas experiências cotidianas de violência, passam então a questionar o conhecimento do senso comum, que tipifica padrões culturais de grupos sociais e assume uma postura de rompimento com a fórmula típica de perceber a mulher no relacionamento com o companheiro na atitude natural. Desvelou-se que, na relação intersubjetiva com o companheiro, há carência de intercâmbios de pontos de vista, alegando que esse fere seus direitos como pessoa. Respaldadas por uma legislação que coíbe a violência, as mulheres passam a questionar tal situação, não a aceitando mais como um pressuposto e expressam o desejo de não compartilhar mais uma história que vinha sendo construída em comum. As expectativas em relação à ação de denunciar expressam o desejo de conduzi-la até o final, bem como da necessidade de acreditar na justiça e seus desfechos. A intenção da denúncia revela a necessidade de proteger e criar seu/s filho/a(s) livre(s) da violência por eles assistida e por vezes vivenciada. Revelam sua angústia no que diz respeito a estarem vivas para poder cuidar do/a filho/a, uma vez que o companheiro ameaça tirar sua vida. Desse modo, o típico da ação, como perspectiva para a enfermagem, amplia a compreensão do profissional da saúde, que pode melhor direcionar suas ações em saúde, a partir da subjetividade dos sujeitos. Vislumbra-se que o cuidar em enfermagem deve/poderá estar voltado para as perspectivas da mulher em situação de violência, a partir de sua realidade social, inserida no seu mundo, considerando as relações que estabelece, sua história de vida, a fim de reconhecer suas necessidades e demandas em saúde, a partir de uma perspectiva dialógica, com vistas a romper com o ciclo de naturalização e aceitação da violência.
Nicolau, Stella Maris. "Deficiência, gênero e práticas de saúde: estudo sobre a integralidade em atenção primária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-25042012-111352/.
Full textThis study aimed to investigate how women with disabilities are received in primary health care facilities and how these women and primary care providers who assist them give meaning to the practices developed. Women with disabilities still have few actions aimed at their needs in primary health care services. Despite the attention given to the female population in primary health care facilities, they still dont recognize specificities of women with disabilities, such as issues related to their sexual and reproductive rights. Through a qualitative research 39 providers were interviewed in three primary health care facilities in a region of São Paulo city, and also 15 women with different types and degrees of disability, reproductive age, users of these services. Seven of these women are mothers of more than one child, and three of them had children after the acquisition of disability, which corroborates the fact that a significant portion of women with disabilities are sexually active and need attention on sexual and reproductive health. The providers said that the presence of disabled women of reproductive age in general was scarce, and reported that their health needs were more determined by the type and degree of disability than by socio-cultural determinants of gender. They recognized gaps in their training to address disability and gender - which reveals the predominance of concepts, based on common sense - and highlighted the need for services to invest in physical accessibility, communication and attitudes. For the other side, the users have reported difficulties in accessing services, which included lack of transportation, physical and communication barriers, prejudice and unwelcoming attitudes of some providers. They evaluated as positive the provision of home care for those who couldn´t go to the service
Gusman, Christine Ranier. "Parteiras indígenas e os objetos do partejar: apropriação, usos, sentidos e significados." Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/906.
Full textThis thesis is the result of a study that sought to analyze the strategies of the Working with Traditional Midwives Program and its repercussions on a group of Krahô women. Midwife kit delivery is an icon of the program, a presumption that a new practice aligned with hegemonic knowledge will begin there after. Thus, the study sought to analyze how Krahô women view their participation in the program and take ownership of and resignify midwife kit objects in the home birth context. The thesis is structured in four papers, each representing different moments of the study. The first two occurred prior to fieldwork and result from issues raised during the development stage of the midwifery program and throughout the process of approval by ethics committees.The last two stem from fieldwork and were mainly supported by anthropology and the ethnographic method. The procedures for the ethical approval of the study were tortuous and overly bureaucratic. Experience has indicated that ethical or unethical stances can be experienced in the singular and subjective processes, regardless of what may be recorded in forms. Results point to a mismatch between the discourse and the practice of recognizing traditional knowledge and a clear ethnocentric bias of the program when offering tools outside the rationale of women care and assuming an impact on health indicators from the acquisition of hegemonic knowledge. The objects were appropriated and resignified in the daily life of villages, but they failed to find a clear place in the context of home birth. Symbolic violence traits emerged and the categorization of Krahô women as "midwives" brought impacts and losses in the social relationship of some women. We suggest reviving the intercultural realm in the formulation and implementation of public policies directed to this public as a profitable pathway, under penalty of engendering an alienated and alienating cycle, wasting resources and delaying important discussions such as the strengthening of the health care network around indigenous women.
Trindade, Ruth Franca Cizino da. ""Entre o sonho e a realidade: maternidade na adolescência sob a ótica de um grupo de mulheres da periferia da cidade de Maceió-Alagoas"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-21092005-083833/.
Full textA qualitative study, which aimed at comprehending, by the experiences of women who became mother in adolescence, the meaning of maternity in their context of life. Fourteen women from 20 to 24 years old, who lived in Maceio suburbs, capital of Alagoas State, took part in the study. The information collection was carried out through interviews, using thematic oral history as methodological procedure. We built narratives from these womens life history and, later, we analyzed these narratives based on gender referential. We observed that interviewees had their sexual initiation during dating period when they had received no previous orientation concerning sexuality or reproductive health. Some women lived with their partners when pregnancy occurred, even though they considered it to be unexpected. The great majority of them accepted pregnancy, and there were also unions, even if they were not legalized, of many couple who did not lived together. There were reports of abortion attempts when the partner did not accept the pregnancy immediately. Gender questions are present in conjugal relations, with the partners figuring as family providers and women dependent on them, focused on domestic environment, taking the responsible by home, kids and partners care. Men acted freely, maintaining extra-conjugal relations and hitting their wives at home. Although resentful with their partners attitude, they maintained the relation. The interviews made explicit the lamentation with the lost of freedom, working and studying opportunities when assuming maternity. On the other hand, they emphasized their non-regret for taking their pregnancy till the end. This way, their daily living seems to be centered on their kids caring and they are conscious that they are the main responsible by them, turning their projects of life for this care. These mothers lives are marked by inequality, social, economical, cultural and gender conditions in which they live. This way, despite their manifested desire, they find few objective opportunities of breaking with life context in which they are inserted.
Araújo, Karina Simão. "Conhecimento, atitudes e práticas de mulheres usuárias de unidades básicas de saúde da cidade de São Paulo sobre o dispositivo intrauterino." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-16112017-042331/.
Full textIntroduction: In Brazil, the use of contraceptive methods is focused on the oral pill, tubal ligation and male condom. Different from the international context, long-term reversible contraceptive methods, such as the intrauterine device, are rarely used. According to the literature, there are several reasons for this underutilization, among them, stands out the lack of women´s knowledge, which in turn promotes negative attitudes and misconceptions about the method and, consequently, makes the choose to use it more difficult. Objective: To analyze the knowledge, attitudes and practices of women users of primary health care facilities about the intrauterine device. Method: A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among a probability sample of 1,026 women aged 1849, who were users of 38 primary health care facilities of Sao Paulo City. All participants were interviewed through a structured instrument. The level of knowledge about the method was analyzed through a seven-item scale, developed through Item Response Theory and factorial analysis. The attitudes were analyzed according to the reasons reported by the women to use/not to use the intrauterine device. The practices were analyzed considering the previous use and the current use. Multiple logistic regression models were conducted to identify sociodemographic and reproductive history characteristics associated with the knowledge, use, and desire to use the intrauterine device. Results: Only 4,5% of the women achieved the maximum score on the knowledge level scale, while 13,1% scored zero. Women with more educational level, belonging to higher socioeconomic group, who had more than one child, and who used or had already used the intrauterine device showed a higher level of knowledge. Most of the interviewees reported not having the desire to use the IUD in the future, mainly because they were satisfied with the contraceptive method in use and because of the side effects; similar to women who never used the method. Those who used, who had already used and would like to use the intrauterine device had a higher level of knowledge about it. Conclusion: The level of knowledge about the intrauterine device is low and influences women\'s attitudes and practices. Apparently, knowledge, attitudes and practices about the uterine device are interconnected.
Araújo, Claudia Regina Marchiori Antunes. "Determinantes da anemia em mães e filhos no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7141/tde-27082012-144304/.
Full textIntroduction: Anemia an iron deficiency, is the most frequent and worrisome nutritional deficiency from the standpoint of public health. It mainly affects children, pregnant women and women of childbearing age. Despite the intervention measures for prevention and control of anemia in Brazil, studies shows that prevalence rates are high. Objective: Investigate the situation of anemia and its determinants in mothers and children in Brazil, considering the family context. Method: Quantitative cross-sectional survey, that used the database of the national survey of demography and health of women and children (PNDS) 2006. This information was collected through two questionnaires, with basic information about the home and its residents and also detailed information about the target audience women between 15 to 49 years and children under 5 years. The study evaluated approximately 15.000 women and 5.000 children, with a representative sample of five brazilian regions in urban and rural context. Approximately 40% of households had been selected for blood sampling of women, and all children born from January 2001 had the blood sampling taken provided they were biological children of the interviewees. Hemoglobin analysis was performed in 5.915 women and 4.558 children. This study looked at 1.476 pairs, considering the mother and only one children. The Statistical Package Program for Social Science (SPSS version 18.0) was used for data analysis, which examined anemia in mothers and/or children, mothers and children separately and consisted of univariate and multiple steps. Results: The occurrence of anemia was 36.8% in mothers and/or children, 23.4% of mothers and 17.0% in children. Mothers were 1.49 times more likely to have anemia than children, there was no association between anemia in mothers and children (p=0.478 ). In multiple regression analysis, mothers and/or children residing in the Northeast and Midwest had odds 2,24 and 1,70 times higher, respectively, in relation to the south; the chance was also statistically higher (1,78 times) for those with food insecurity and those in which the mother held a puerperal consultation (1,39 times); primiparity shown as protective factor. Anemia in mothers was also associated with the region of residence, with 2,39 times more chances for the Northeast than in mothers in the South; mothers with food insecurity, who performed a puerperal consultation and had at least one disease, also were 50% more likely to have anemia. In children, anemia was associated with insecurity and food consumption, and those who ate a mixture of water and fresh milk in the last 24 hours had a chance (2,49 and 1,69 times) to be more likely to develop anemia, respectively, as well as children who did not eat an afternoon snack on the last day and ate rice 4 times less in the week (odds 1,57 and 2,38 times higher for anemia, respectively), maternal primiparity proved to be a protector factor. Conclusions: The occurrence of anemia in mothers and/or children is higher in less develop macro-regions and among families with food insecurity, highlights the social causes of nutritional deficiency. It is more frequent in mothers and not associated with anemia in children. In mothers, anemia is associated with socioeconomic, demographic and food insecurity. In children, anemia is associated only with insecurity and food consumption. This result indicates that although there is evidence of mothers and children are exposed to the same social and environmental causes that increase susceptibility to anemia, dietary restrictions and their nutritional consequences caused by unfavorable demographic and socioeconomic conditions will have a greater impact on mothers, owing to the greater need for organic iron in women of childbearing age and protection and care of their mothers to the children. It also indicates that regardless of socioeconomic status, whether the childs diet is inadequate, it will be more susceptible to anemia. The results can be linked also to a positive effect of the National Iron Supplementation, although only one quarter of children aged 6 to 24 months had received iron in the last six months, which indicates the need for improvements in the operation of the program.