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1
Yuen, Emma. "Water consumption patterns in Australian Aboriginal communities /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20051119.134422.
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com, emmayuen@hotmail, and Emma Yuen. "Water Consumption Patterns in Australian Aboriginal Communities." Murdoch University, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20051119.134422.
Full textAbstract:
Aboriginal Australians have a significantly lower health status than their non-Aboriginal counterparts. To facilitate healthy living practices necessary for good health, a high level investment is currently made in water services, on the assumption that there is a relationship between the volume and quality of water supplied with health outcomes, despite the high economic and environmental cost. This thesis investigates whether the current design supply criteria of 1000-1200 litres per person per day of water, meeting the Australian Drinking Water Quality Guidelines, is both sufficient and necessary to improve the health of Aboriginal Australians. The scope of the thesis is limited to the sufficiency of design guidelines although it necessarily also touches on the broader issues of Aboriginal health.
Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to explore current water consumption patterns of consumers at multiple hierarchical levels (community, household and individual) and hence the requirements of physical infrastructure on which consumers depend. Multiple linear regression was used to consider factors correlated with supply volume, while metering was used at both the domestic and appliance level to determine where and how water was used. Meters were installed on fixtures in two houses in a community near Alice Springs. This was then complemented by qualitative information obtained through focus group discussions, key informant interviews and observation in the field. The appropriateness of the supply of high quality water for all uses was addressed by considering the volume of drinking water intake and its impact on the derivation of water quality guidelines. This was achieved by a face-to-face survey involving 57 volunteers. Fieldwork was conducted predominantly in three communities near Alice Springs although some additional data was collected in other communities in Western Australia and the Northern Territory.
The results showed that the factors influencing water consumption were highly complex and variable between communities and individuals. However, there were some culturally specific needs identified in Aboriginal communities, such as the need for temperature and dust control, as well as the reduction of losses. The unique characteristics of each community made it difficult to provide a more precise estimate for design supply. As a result, overly conservative guidelines such as those already used are necessary in the short term despite there being no guarantee of improved health. In the long term, issues of community governance and capacity building will start to be addressed, and the realisation that social systems are both complex and dynamic will need to be reflected in policy. These issues were represented in a systemic conceptual model at the end of the thesis, which also highlighted inadequacies of reductionist approaches such as design supply guidelines. The thesis concluded that complex problem situations such as that of health, require a systems approach.
3
Korber, Dianne. "Measuring forest dependence, implications for aboriginal communities." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21181.pdf.
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4
Yuen, Emma. "Water consumption patterns in Australian Aboriginal communities." Thesis, Yuen, Emma (2005) Water consumption patterns in Australian Aboriginal communities. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2005. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/419/.
Full textAbstract:
Aboriginal Australians have a significantly lower health status than their non-Aboriginal counterparts. To facilitate healthy living practices necessary for good health, a high level investment is currently made in water services, on the assumption that there is a relationship between the volume and quality of water supplied with health outcomes, despite the high economic and environmental cost. This thesis investigates whether the current design supply criteria of 1000-1200 litres per person per day of water, meeting the Australian Drinking Water Quality Guidelines, is both sufficient and necessary to improve the health of Aboriginal Australians. The scope of the thesis is limited to the sufficiency of design guidelines although it necessarily also touches on the broader issues of Aboriginal health.
Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to explore current water consumption patterns of consumers at multiple hierarchical levels (community, household and individual) and hence the requirements of physical infrastructure on which consumers depend. Multiple linear regression was used to consider factors correlated with supply volume, while metering was used at both the domestic and appliance level to determine where and how water was used. Meters were installed on fixtures in two houses in a community near Alice Springs. This was then complemented by qualitative information obtained through focus group discussions, key informant interviews and observation in the field. The appropriateness of the supply of high quality water for all uses was addressed by considering the volume of drinking water intake and its impact on the derivation of water quality guidelines. This was achieved by a face-to-face survey involving 57 volunteers. Fieldwork was conducted predominantly in three communities near Alice Springs although some additional data was collected in other communities in Western Australia and the Northern Territory.
The results showed that the factors influencing water consumption were highly complex and variable between communities and individuals. However, there were some culturally specific needs identified in Aboriginal communities, such as the need for temperature and dust control, as well as the reduction of losses. The unique characteristics of each community made it difficult to provide a more precise estimate for design supply. As a result, overly conservative guidelines such as those already used are necessary in the short term despite there being no guarantee of improved health. In the long term, issues of community governance and capacity building will start to be addressed, and the realisation that social systems are both complex and dynamic will need to be reflected in policy. These issues were represented in a systemic conceptual model at the end of the thesis, which also highlighted inadequacies of reductionist approaches such as design supply guidelines. The thesis concluded that complex problem situations such as that of health, require a systems approach.
5
Yuen, Emma. "Water consumption patterns in Australian Aboriginal communities." Yuen, Emma (2005) Water consumption patterns in Australian Aboriginal communities. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2005. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/419/.
Full textAbstract:
Aboriginal Australians have a significantly lower health status than their non-Aboriginal counterparts. To facilitate healthy living practices necessary for good health, a high level investment is currently made in water services, on the assumption that there is a relationship between the volume and quality of water supplied with health outcomes, despite the high economic and environmental cost. This thesis investigates whether the current design supply criteria of 1000-1200 litres per person per day of water, meeting the Australian Drinking Water Quality Guidelines, is both sufficient and necessary to improve the health of Aboriginal Australians. The scope of the thesis is limited to the sufficiency of design guidelines although it necessarily also touches on the broader issues of Aboriginal health.
Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to explore current water consumption patterns of consumers at multiple hierarchical levels (community, household and individual) and hence the requirements of physical infrastructure on which consumers depend. Multiple linear regression was used to consider factors correlated with supply volume, while metering was used at both the domestic and appliance level to determine where and how water was used. Meters were installed on fixtures in two houses in a community near Alice Springs. This was then complemented by qualitative information obtained through focus group discussions, key informant interviews and observation in the field. The appropriateness of the supply of high quality water for all uses was addressed by considering the volume of drinking water intake and its impact on the derivation of water quality guidelines. This was achieved by a face-to-face survey involving 57 volunteers. Fieldwork was conducted predominantly in three communities near Alice Springs although some additional data was collected in other communities in Western Australia and the Northern Territory.
The results showed that the factors influencing water consumption were highly complex and variable between communities and individuals. However, there were some culturally specific needs identified in Aboriginal communities, such as the need for temperature and dust control, as well as the reduction of losses. The unique characteristics of each community made it difficult to provide a more precise estimate for design supply. As a result, overly conservative guidelines such as those already used are necessary in the short term despite there being no guarantee of improved health. In the long term, issues of community governance and capacity building will start to be addressed, and the realisation that social systems are both complex and dynamic will need to be reflected in policy. These issues were represented in a systemic conceptual model at the end of the thesis, which also highlighted inadequacies of reductionist approaches such as design supply guidelines. The thesis concluded that complex problem situations such as that of health, require a systems approach.
6
Spark, Ross L. "Developing health promotion methods in remote Aboriginal communities." Thesis, Curtin University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/969.
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This thesis investigates the development and implementation of health promotion strategies and methods in remote Aboriginal communities via the Kimberley Aboriginal Health Promotion Project (KAHPP), a project funded under a grant from the Commonwealth Department of Health and Family Services and conducted by the School of Public Health at Curtin University of Technology. The aim of the project was to investigate the effectiveness of health promotion strategies and methods in remote Aboriginal communities and to develop structures for implementing effective Aboriginal health promotion programs.There were three main research components in this study: an assessment of health indicators; an assessment of the intervention impact; and an assessment of the media component of the intervention. The research methodology included the development of a culturally appropriate survey instrument and the conduct of cross-sectional surveys of three remote Aboriginal communities with differing historical circumstances in the Kimberley region. The questionnaire and field study methods were piloted in 1990 and the main study conducted in 1991 1[superscript].A health promotion intervention was conducted based on an approach originally developed in the Northern Territory 2[superscript]. The intervention employed community development and mass media strategies. Community members nominated health issues that they wished to address, from which 'storyboards' were created for health promotion advertisements to appear on remote television on a paid schedule 3[superscript]. Representative random samples of adult males and females from three remote Aboriginal communities were surveyed according to a range of attitudinal and behavioural health indicators. A post-test survey assessed media reach and impact and pre-post surveys assessed relevant changes in the communities.The cross-sectional survey of health indicators found differences between communities in terms of self-assessed health and risk behaviours. These are discussed in terms of the historical differences between communities and with respect to each community's current situation. Respondents from all communities rated environmental factors as important in their contribution to health, and generally more so than individual lifestyle behaviours.The study demonstrated that television has the potential to reach the vast majority of Aboriginal people in remote communities in the Kimberley. There was some indication that participation in the development of advertisements was associated with higher recognition and more positive assessments of that advertisement. No significant differences in selected indicators of community 'empowerment' were detected following the intervention.The thesis methodology has contributed to the development of a set of guidelines for the conduct of survey research in remote Aboriginal communities, 4[superscript] and has guided the formation of Aboriginal health promotion units in Western Australia and elsewhere.1. Spark R, Binns C, Laughlin D, Spooner C, Donovan RJ. Aboriginal people's perceptions of their own and their community's health: results of a pilot study. Health Promotion Journal of Australia 1992; 2(2):60-61.2. Spark R, Mills P. Promoting Aboriginal health on television in the Northern Territory: a bicultural approach. Drug Education Journal of Australia 1988; 2 (3):191-198.3. Spark R, Donovan RJ, Howat P. Promoting health and preventing injury in remote Aboriginal communities: a case study. Health Promotion Journal of Australia 1991; 1(2):10-16.4. Donovan RJ, Spark. R. Towards guidelines for conducting survey research in remote Aboriginal communities. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 1997; 21:89-94.
7
Lederman, John. ""Trauma and healing in Aboriginal families and communities"." School of Native Human Services, 1999. http://142.51.24.159/dspace/handle/10219/459.
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Traumatized people feel utterly abandoned, utterly alone, cast out of the human and divine systems of care and protection that sustain life. Thereafter, a sense of alienation, of disconnection, pervades every relationship, from the most intimate familial bonds to the most abstract affiliations of community and religion (Herman, 1997, p.52). This paper considers how traumatization of Aboriginal people may be of a unique process, characterized as it is by a long-standing and continuing history of repeating traumatic events, which affect entire communities; the length of time and extent of the trauma make it extremely difficult for the process of healing to take place.
8
Spark, Ross L. "Developing health promotion methods in remote Aboriginal communities." Curtin University of Technology, School of Public Health, 1999. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=9501.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the development and implementation of health promotion strategies and methods in remote Aboriginal communities via the Kimberley Aboriginal Health Promotion Project (KAHPP), a project funded under a grant from the Commonwealth Department of Health and Family Services and conducted by the School of Public Health at Curtin University of Technology. The aim of the project was to investigate the effectiveness of health promotion strategies and methods in remote Aboriginal communities and to develop structures for implementing effective Aboriginal health promotion programs.There were three main research components in this study: an assessment of health indicators; an assessment of the intervention impact; and an assessment of the media component of the intervention. The research methodology included the development of a culturally appropriate survey instrument and the conduct of cross-sectional surveys of three remote Aboriginal communities with differing historical circumstances in the Kimberley region. The questionnaire and field study methods were piloted in 1990 and the main study conducted in 1991 1[superscript].A health promotion intervention was conducted based on an approach originally developed in the Northern Territory 2[superscript]. The intervention employed community development and mass media strategies. Community members nominated health issues that they wished to address, from which 'storyboards' were created for health promotion advertisements to appear on remote television on a paid schedule 3[superscript]. Representative random samples of adult males and females from three remote Aboriginal communities were surveyed according to a range of attitudinal and behavioural health indicators. A post-test survey assessed media reach and impact and pre-post surveys assessed relevant changes in the communities.The cross-sectional survey ++of health indicators found differences between communities in terms of self-assessed health and risk behaviours. These are discussed in terms of the historical differences between communities and with respect to each community's current situation. Respondents from all communities rated environmental factors as important in their contribution to health, and generally more so than individual lifestyle behaviours.The study demonstrated that television has the potential to reach the vast majority of Aboriginal people in remote communities in the Kimberley. There was some indication that participation in the development of advertisements was associated with higher recognition and more positive assessments of that advertisement. No significant differences in selected indicators of community 'empowerment' were detected following the intervention.The thesis methodology has contributed to the development of a set of guidelines for the conduct of survey research in remote Aboriginal communities, 4[superscript] and has guided the formation of Aboriginal health promotion units in Western Australia and elsewhere.1. Spark R, Binns C, Laughlin D, Spooner C, Donovan RJ. Aboriginal people's perceptions of their own and their community's health: results of a pilot study. Health Promotion Journal of Australia 1992; 2(2):60-61.2. Spark R, Mills P. Promoting Aboriginal health on television in the Northern Territory: a bicultural approach. Drug Education Journal of Australia 1988; 2 (3):191-198.3. Spark R, Donovan RJ, Howat P. Promoting health and preventing injury in remote Aboriginal communities: a case study. Health Promotion Journal of Australia 1991; 1(2):10-16.4. Donovan RJ, Spark. R. Towards guidelines for conducting survey research in remote Aboriginal communities. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 1997; 21:89-94.
9
Lansingh, Van Charles. "Primary health care approach to trachoma control in Aboriginal communities in Central Australia." Connect to thesis, 2005. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/984.
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This study concerned a primary health care approach to trachoma control in two Central Australian Aboriginal communities. The World Health Organization (WHO) has advocated that the best method to control trachoma is the SAFE strategy (Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial hygiene, and Environmental improvements), and this approach was adopted.The communities, Pipalyatjara and Mimili, with populations slightly less than 300 each, are located in the Anangu Pitjantjatjara (AP) lands of Central Australia, in the northwest corner of the South Australia territory. At Pipalyatjara, a full SAFE-type intervention was undertaken, with the ‘E’ component designed and implemented by the NHC (Nganampa Health Council Inc.). At Mimili, only a SAF-type of intervention was implemented.
Baseline data was gathered for 18 months from March 1999 through September 2000 (five visits to Pipalyatjara and four at Mimili), and included determining trachoma prevalence levels using the WHO system, facial cleanliness, and nasal discharge parameters. A trachoma health program was implemented at the end of this period and a one-time dose of azithromycin was given in September of 2000. The chief focus of the study was children under 15 years of age.
Improvements in road sealing, landscaping, and the creation of mounds were started to improve dust control. Concurrently, efforts were made in the houses of the residents to improve the nine healthy living practices, which were scored in two surveys, in March 1999 and August 2001. Trachoma prevalence, and levels of facial cleanliness and nasal discharge were determined at 3, 6, and 12 months following antibiotic administration.
In children less than 15 years of age, the pre-intervention prevalence level of TF (Trachoma Follicular) was 42% at Pipalyatjara, and 44% at Mimili. For the 1-9 year age group, the TF prevalence was 47% and 54% respectively. For TI (Trachoma Intense), the pre-intervention prevalence was 8% for Pipalyatjara, and 9% for Mimili. The TF prevalence, adjusted for clustering, and using only individuals present at baseline and follow-up (3, 6, and 12 months post-intervention), was 41.5%, 21.2%, 20.0%, and 20.0% at Pipalyatjara respectively. For Mimili, the corresponding prevalence figures were 43.5%, 18.2%, 18.2%, and 30%.
In the 1-9 year age group, a lower TF prevalence existed between the pre-intervention and 12-month post-intervention points at Pipalyatjara compared to Mimili. The TF prevalence after the intervention was also lower for males compared to females, when the cohorts were grouped by gender, rather than community. It is posited that reinfection was much higher at Mimili within this age group, however, in both communities, there appeared to be a core of females whose trachoma status did not change. This is speculated as mainly being caused by prolonged inflammation, though persistent infection C. Trachomatis cannot be ruled out.
Facial cleanliness and nasal discharge continued to improve throughout the intervention at both communities, but at the 3-month post-intervention point no longer became a good predictor of trachoma.
It is not known whether the improvements in the environment at Pipalyatjara were responsible for the reduction in trachoma prevalence 12 months after the intervention, relative to Mimili.
10
Gilchrist, Lauri. ""Aboriginal communities and Social Science research: Voyeurism in transition"." School of Native Human Services, 1997. http://142.51.24.159/dspace/handle/10219/472.
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Examination of the relationship of research to Aboriginal peoples reveals a curious paradox. Volumes of research have generated data and theory on Aboriginal people in Canada, and yet there is little research which Aboriginal peoples have been able to determine themselves.
11
Belicic, Michael Joseph. "Alcohol and violence in Aboriginal communities : issues, programs and healing initiatives." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1999.
Find full textAbstract:
Alcohol misuse is considered the most significant cause of violence in
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. All members of the Aboriginal
community feel the impact of heavy alcohol consumption and related violence.
Initiatives that attempt to reduce alcohol consumption as a strategy to decrease crisis
levels of violence have had limited success. This thesis examines the extent and
patterns of Aboriginal alcohol consumption and explores the relationship between
alcohol misuse and violence, using secondary statistical and exploratory literature. It
will be contended that: the link between alcohol misuse and violence is not a simple
cause and effect relationship; and Aboriginal family and community violence are
symptoms of underlying social and psychological trauma.
This thesis presents qualitative researched case studies of Aboriginal alcohol treatment organisations, and Aboriginal initiatives that address the issues underlying violence. It is argued that interventions focusing on alcohol alone will not reduce family violence and community dysfunction. A "grassroots," Aboriginal community based response is presented as an alternative to reactive and short-term interventions.
12
Wrong, Nicole A. "Justice committees in Aboriginal communities: A study of community capacities." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27935.
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In the last twenty years there has been a growing desire to devolve justice interventions to the level of the community. An example of one such initiative is the justice committee program, an extrajudicial program set up in a number of Canadian communities to address minor youth cases, and cases involving Aboriginal people. This thesis is a capacity assessment of justice committees in Aboriginal communities in Quebec. With the help of literature on restorative community justice, crime prevention and building sustainable community programs, this thesis explores the recommended capacities for the implementation of sustainable justice committees, as well as the capacities perceived to be currently available to some justice committees in Aboriginal communities in Quebec. Through personal observations gathered during my work with justice committees in the past and interviews with various individuals working closely with justice committees in Quebec, this thesis found that a number of capacities were either lacking or were sporadically available to the communities studied. It concludes that with a common vision of the program's purpose, careful consideration of a community's ability to effectively intervene, and increased collaboration, resources and training; justice committees will be more likely to be implemented in a sustainable manner.
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Hodgson, Maggie. ""Cross-addictions of gambling, alcohol and drugs in Aboriginal communities"." School of Native Human Services, 1997. http://142.51.24.159/dspace/handle/10219/468.
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Over the past twenty years, Native Canadians or Aboriginal people have enjoyed considerable progress in the development of sobriety. That is the good news. The bad news is that there has not been similar success in the area of other addictions, particularly gambling. Statistics exist which reveal the negative effects of gambling on Native people.
14
Petersen, Kim Jorja. "Sustainability of Remote Aboriginal Art Centres in Australian Desert Communities." Thesis, Curtin University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1170.
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This PhD thesis investigates and analyses the functions and business practices that underpin the sustainability and performance of remote Aboriginal Art Centre Cooperatives. The thesis draws extensively on the work of Mazzarol et al (2011a; 2011b; 2012a; 2012b; 2012c) and develops a new culturally appropriate Combined Framework for use as a research tool that enables a systematic analysis of the sustainability of remote Aboriginal Art Centres.
15
Whiting, Elizabeth. "Experience of six non-Aboriginal teachers living and working in remote Aboriginal communities during the 1990's." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 1999. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/c6c654d5d936c1b0d6bc1ea1ee59876072a331de62cab28a3147287634e4884a/9491275/65141_downloaded_stream_366.pdf.
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In Australia, non-Aboriginal people have been involved in Aboriginal education since the end of the 19th century. There has been ongoing criticism of non-Aboriginal involvement in Aboriginal education and a movement towards Aboriginalisation in education. This study addresses the issues faced by six non-Aboriginal teachers in remote Aboriginal communities in the 1990's. The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences and perceptions of non-Aboriginal teachers living and working in remote Aboriginal communities in the 1990's. Through this research I found that the non-Aboriginal teachers faced difficulties living and working in remote Aboriginal communities. They talked about the distinctive lifestyle and living conditions. They reported a need for pre-service and ongoing professional development focusing on aspects influencing their lives. The discussion topics included: their living circumstances; Aboriginal world view; Aboriginal health issues; community issues; Aboriginal teaching and learning styles and school policies. The study is consistent with previous research about non-Aboriginal teachers living and working in remote Aboriginal communities. It argues that pre-service and ongoing professional development is vital for the success of non-Aboriginal teacher in remote communities. Community based educational programs for non-Aboriginal teachers are needed. These programs should include non-Aboriginal teachers learning about Aboriginal culture, Aboriginal learning and teaching styles and the development and implementation of educational policies. These programmes need to include discussion of aspects of living in isolated settings. Schools and governing bodies involved need to develop closer liaison with non-Aboriginal teachers to support their living in this setting. It is also important that policies in place address the problem of the high turnover of non-Aboriginal staff experienced by remote community schools.;This study also poses the question what is the future for non-Aboriginal teachers in remote Aboriginal communities? Aboriginalisation in remote Aboriginal communities is highly recommended.
16
Adepoyibi, A. C., and n/a. "Djungayin, Bungawa or Mr Chairman : analysis of management in a remote aboriginal community council in east Arnhem land." University of Canberra. Administrative Studies, 1988. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060529.122940.
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Whiting, Elizabeth, and res cand@acu edu au. "The Experience of Six Non-aboriginal Teachers Living and Working in Remote Aboriginal Communities During the 1990's." Australian Catholic University. Master of Education (Research), 1999. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp222.15092009.
Full textAbstract:
In Australia, non-Aboriginal people have been involved in Aboriginal education since the end of the 19th century. There has been ongoing criticism of non-Aboriginal involvement in Aboriginal education and a movement towards Aboriginalisation in education. This study addresses the issues faced by six non-Aboriginal teachers in remote Aboriginal communities in the 1990's. The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences and perceptions of non-Aboriginal teachers living and working in remote Aboriginal communities in the 1990's. Through this research I found that the non-Aboriginal teachers faced difficulties living and working in remote Aboriginal communities. They talked about the distinctive lifestyle and living conditions. They reported a need for pre-service and ongoing professional development focusing on aspects influencing their lives. The discussion topics included: their living circumstances; Aboriginal world view; Aboriginal health issues; community issues; Aboriginal teaching and learning styles and school policies. The study is consistent with previous research about non-Aboriginal teachers living and working in remote Aboriginal communities. It argues that pre-service and ongoing professional development is vital for the success of non-Aboriginal teacher in remote communities. Community based educational programs for non-Aboriginal teachers are needed. These programs should include non-Aboriginal teachers learning about Aboriginal culture, Aboriginal learning and teaching styles and the development and implementation of educational policies. These programmes need to include discussion of aspects of living in isolated settings. Schools and governing bodies involved need to develop closer liaison with non-Aboriginal teachers to support their living in this setting. It is also important that policies in place address the problem of the high turnover of non-Aboriginal staff experienced by remote community schools. This study also poses the question what is the future for non-Aboriginal teachers in remote Aboriginal communities? Aboriginalisation in remote Aboriginal communities is highly recommended.
18
Eades, Anne. "Factors that influence participation in self-management of wound care in three indigenous communities in Western Australia : clients' perspectives /." Murdoch University Digital Theses Program, 2008. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20090702.111437.
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Priestly, Jacqueline Rita, University of Western Sydney, College of Social and Health Sciences, and School of Sociology and Justice Studies. "Growing stronger together : cross-cultural nutrition partnerships in the Northern Territory 1974-2000." THESIS_CSHS_SJS_Priestly_J.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/266.
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This thesis incorporates social history and consultative action research to analyse the development of cross-cultural nutrition services for Indigenous communities in the Northern Territory from 1974-2000 and promote the development of stronger partnerships in 1999-2001.The historical development of nutrition services is analysed against current theory and a model of capacity building for health promotion. Nutrition infrastructure and services have developed systematically, incrementally and substantially. Strengths include the development of enduring and successful inter-cultural partnerships and leadership.Two facilitative narratives which aim to improve inter-cultural knowledge sharing, strengthen capacity and promote participatory action in community based projects were developed, implemented and partially evaluated. Services can be further strengthened by long-term commitments to examining power issues, promoting improved Indigenous control and problem solving and comprehensive bi cultural evaluation that identifies significant indicators to improving outcomes. Participatory action research, facilitative story telling, capacity building, Indigenous education theory and critical social science can inform and guide these efforts in complementary ways.Master of Arts (Hons) (Critical Social Science)
20
Dang, Trang T. "Irrational choice? a study of Aboriginal decision-making and political action in response to Commonwealth reforms to Aboriginal land in the Northern Territory from 2006 to 2013." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/410162.
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This study examines Aboriginal decision-making and political action in response to Commonwealth leasing measures implemented from 2006 to 2013. Specifically, the study examines the response of two remote Aboriginal communities, Ntaria and Daguragu, to the voluntary housing lease measure which was introduced after the mandatory five-year leases. Unlike its predecessor, the housing lease measure required traditional Aboriginal owners to provide their consent before a lease over Aboriginal land could be put in place. While governments focused on the economic costs and benefits in their incentivisation of the housing lease measure, the decision-making in Ntaria and Daguragu demonstrates that the actions were motivated by both economic and non-economic factors. These included the desire to preserve Aboriginal decision-making rights and to obtain government funding for housing infrastructure and services without conceding government interference. The findings also indicate that the political actions were in response to government policies but also reflected conflicts and disagreements between Aboriginal groups, representatives and leaders.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
School of Govt & Int Relations
Griffith Business School
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Wuttunee, Wanda A. "Economic development in selected aboriginal communities, lessons in strength, resilience and celebration." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ56156.pdf.
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Anda, Martin. "Technologists in remote Aboriginal communities : a regional approach for community-building technology." Thesis, Anda, Martin ORCID: 0000-0001-7398-4192 (1998) Technologists in remote Aboriginal communities : a regional approach for community-building technology. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1998. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/22686/.
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This study developed from technical research and development of an ablutions facility for remote Aboriginal communities by the author. The poor state of environmental health and essential services in these communities were the inspiration for the study and are described in the context of current and emerging approaches to service delivery in Western Australia. The fieldwork associated with the deployment of the ablutions facility provided the opportunity to conduct research into these approaches by technologists and has resulted in both the evaluation of the ablutions facility and formulation of Appropriate Technology approaches to service delivery using grounded theory methodology.
Contained within the ablutions facility, known as the Remote Area Hygiene Facility (RAHF), were several discrete technologies also under development by the author and associates: a plastic solar water heater, a pour-flush toilet and an evapotranspiration wastewater disposal system. The technical appropriateness of these artefacts was assessed through action research trials in Aboriginal town camps and there were both successes and failures in this dimension of technology-practice. The structural design of the RAHF changed considerably over the period to meet the requirements of the users. The trials found that the solar water heater was able to function as required in the short term, but further development was required to provide suitable plastic components for continuous operation at high temperatures and under ultraviolet irradiation. The pour-flush toilet met all of its technical objectives, but further development was required to produce a durable, low-flush cistern. The evapotranspiration trench performed entirely satisfactorily and was thereafter implemented at other sites throughout Western Australia.
The fieldwork combined with a review of Appropriate Technology, community development and aid projects in developing countries inspired a concept to address the social and cultural dimensions of technology-practice: Community-building Technology. Community-building Technology is a simultaneous process of service delivery and empowerment which introduces technology to a community by means of training programs, community participation in construction projects, or cultural activities. One RAHF project was able to validate this concept. As a result of the fieldwork becoming an exercise in service delivery the establishment of regional, Appropriate Technology, training and manufacturing centres was attempted. One centre was established, but the attempt was unsuccessful at the other two sites. Additional fieldwork was conducted by the author to determine the requirements for regional technology information services. This ongoing work with remote Aboriginal communities motivated the development of two further concepts complementary to the first: Community Technology and Regional Technology. The former required the establishment of an ensemble of integrated technologies within a community and could not be validated within the scope of the study. However, some legitimacy could be shown for the latter through a review of approaches in central Australia, the aspirations of some regional organisations in WA, and the successful establishment of the Remote Area Technology Centre as a regional Appropriate Technology agency. Finally, the strength of these three concepts was found to be as components of an integrated framework for sustainable service delivery, management, and maintenance in remote Aboriginal communities which combined the resources of a number of communities in a region. This improved mode of technology-practice, the integrated framework, is termed Regional Technology.
23
Peberdy, Sally Ann Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "HIV and AIDS and Aboriginal communities in Canada; a socially accountable participatory study." Ottawa, 1992.
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24
Hockey, Neil Edward. "Learning for liberation : values, actions and structures for social transformation through Aboriginal communities." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16520/1/Neil_Edward_Hockey_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Negative perceptions of being Aboriginal persist and policies such as self-determination are generally perceived to have failed despite many texts to the contrary. This thesis examines assumptions and presuppositions within contemporary writings and practices, determining in the process, conditions seeming necessary for decolonising ways of living and research. Much closer attention is required not only to developing better understandings, but especially to articulating explanations via the reality of deep structures, their powers and causal mechanisms underpinning social life generally and in particular, the lived experience of oppressed communities. Neo-Nietzscheanism and post-structuralism tend to see reality as merely constructed.
Maximising movements of solidarity with the oppressed must express the freedom of everyone in any particular place. The thesis begins by exploring the nature and significance of philosophical underlabouring (clearing the ground) for decolonisation as self-emancipation. It then engages with issues of value, truth and power by means of establishing a critical realist dialogue between two sets of writings. Key works by Australian (Japanangka West, Yolnju) Maori (Tuhiwai Smith) and American (Moonhawk Alford, Taiaiake Alfred) First Nations thinkers in modernity's colonial context are retroductively analysed in order to suggest what must be the case (in terms of being and becoming) for decolonisation to be possible. Works by philosophers currently establishing and applying Bhaskarian transcendental dialectical critical realist and/or meta-Realist principles of self-emancipation are critiqued in relation to their compatibility with decolonisation. Terms of reference within this dialogue are then supplemented from within writings by a range of others (Fanon, Said, Otto and Levinas), selected for their perceived significance in developing a dialectical praxis of personal and social transformation through spirit within the domain of strengthening community and protecting children.
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Hockey, Neil Edward. "Learning for liberation : values, actions and structures for social transformation through Aboriginal communities." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16520/.
Full textAbstract:
Negative perceptions of being Aboriginal persist and policies such as self-determination are generally perceived to have failed despite many texts to the contrary. This thesis examines assumptions and presuppositions within contemporary writings and practices, determining in the process, conditions seeming necessary for decolonising ways of living and research. Much closer attention is required not only to developing better understandings, but especially to articulating explanations via the reality of deep structures, their powers and causal mechanisms underpinning social life generally and in particular, the lived experience of oppressed communities. Neo-Nietzscheanism and post-structuralism tend to see reality as merely constructed. Maximising movements of solidarity with the oppressed must express the freedom of everyone in any particular place. The thesis begins by exploring the nature and significance of philosophical underlabouring (clearing the ground) for decolonisation as self-emancipation. It then engages with issues of value, truth and power by means of establishing a critical realist dialogue between two sets of writings. Key works by Australian (Japanangka West, Yolnju) Maori (Tuhiwai Smith) and American (Moonhawk Alford, Taiaiake Alfred) First Nations thinkers in modernity's colonial context are retroductively analysed in order to suggest what must be the case (in terms of being and becoming) for decolonisation to be possible. Works by philosophers currently establishing and applying Bhaskarian transcendental dialectical critical realist and/or meta-Realist principles of self-emancipation are critiqued in relation to their compatibility with decolonisation. Terms of reference within this dialogue are then supplemented from within writings by a range of others (Fanon, Said, Otto and Levinas), selected for their perceived significance in developing a dialectical praxis of personal and social transformation through spirit within the domain of strengthening community and protecting children.
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Buchtmann, Lydia, and n/a. "Digital songlines : the adaption of modern communication technology at Yuendemu, a remote Aboriginal Community in Central Australia." University of Canberra. Professional Communication, 2000. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060619.162428.
Full textAbstract:
During the early 1980s the Warlpiri at Yuendemu, a remote Aboriginal community in
Central Australia, began their own experiments in local television and radio production.
This was prior to the launch of the AUSSAT satellite in 1985 which brought broadcast
television and radio to remote Australia for the first time. There was concern amongst
remote Aboriginal communities, as well as policy makers, that the imposition of mass
media without consultation could result in permanent damage to Aboriginal culture and
language. As a result, a policy review 'Out of the Silent Land' was published in 1985 and
from that developed the Broadcasting in Remote Aboriginal Communities Scheme
(BRACS) which allowed communities to receive radio and television from the satellite.
BRACS also provided the option to turn off mainstream media and insert locally
produced material.
This study of the Warlpiri at Yuendemu has found that, since the original experiments,
they have enthusiastically used modern communication technology including radio, video
making, locally produced television, and, more recently, on-line services. The Warlpiri
have adapted rather than adopted the new technology. That is they have used modern
communications technology within existing cultural patterns to strengthen their language
and culture rather than to replace traditional practices and social structures. The Warlpiri
Media Association has inspired other remote broadcasters and is now one of eight remote
media networks that link to form a national network via the National Indigenous Media
Association of Australia.
The Warlpiri have actively adapted modern communication technology because it is to
their advantage. The new technology has been used to preserve culture and language, to
restore, and possibly improve, traditional communications and to provide employment
and other opportunities for earning income. It appeals to all age groups, especially the
elders who have retained control over broadcasts and it also provides entertainment.
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Limerick, Michael. "What Makes an Aboriginal Council Successful? Case Studies of Aboriginal Community Government Performance in Far North Queensland." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367186.
Full textAbstract:
Improving Aboriginal community governance is increasingly recognised as pivotal to closing the gap in social and economic outcomes between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Australians. The past decade has seen a shift in Indigenous policy from a preoccupation with national governance structures and a broader human rights agenda to a focus on governments engaging directly with local Indigenous communities to address the specific manifestations of Indigenous disadvantage. In discrete Aboriginal settlements, community governments are central to this new strategy, both as advocates for community needs and as agencies for program and service delivery. Yet Aboriginal Councils have had a chequered history, leading to persistent misgivings about their capacity to achieve desired outcomes. There is a dearth of empirical evidence about ‘what works and what doesn’t’ in the unique and challenging context of Aboriginal community governance. The current study was motivated by the desire to discover what is required for an Aboriginal Council to be successful in achieving the outcomes desired by its constituents. Specifically, what governance attributes contribute to successful Aboriginal community government performance? Moreover, the research sought to delve deeper, to seek answers to the more fundamental question concerning the contextual, historical or cultural factors that shape a particular Aboriginal community’s approach to governance, whether successful or unsuccessful. The research involved three case studies of Aboriginal Councils, in the far north Queensland communities of Yarrabah, Hope Vale and Lockhart River. Unlike previous studies of Indigenous community governance, the research design included a detailed assessment of the level of performance achieved by each Council, revealing one high-performing Council and two Councils whose performance was generally poor. An assessment of performance covering each Council outcome area is essential in order to make valid causal inferences about the specific determinants of Council performance. The study adopted a holistic conception of performance, focusing on the extent to which the Councils were achieving the particular set of outcomes desired by their constituents. Such an approach recognises that different communities seek different outcomes from their community governments and that desired outcomes will include not only deliverables such as programs and services but also preferences about governance processes, which will reflect cultural values. The study’s focus on Council performance recognises that, regardless of underlying questions about the appropriateness of imported Western governance structures, in practice residents of Indigenous communities express strong expectations that their elected Councils will deliver services and programs that meet their needs and aspirations and improve their quality of life. Within the constraints of prevailing legislative and policy frameworks, Indigenous communities exhibit considerable pragmatism in their efforts to optimise opportunities for self-determination through developing their community governments. The case study data canvassed a wide range of governance attributes, institutions and practices suggested by the literature as important to governmental performance, in both indigenous and other contexts. The analysis found that a particular configuration of ‘orthodox’ governance principles and practices was necessary for successful Aboriginal Council performance, comprising: a strategic orientation based on a shared vision, a clear separation of powers, institutionalising the rule of law, positive and strategic engagement with government, targeted community engagement and an effective and efficient administration featuring a commitment to sound financial management, a stable workforce and human resource management practices that value, support and develop staff. The research further identified the key contextual factors that had shaped the distinct approaches to governance in the three communities. These are significant in explaining why some Aboriginal Councils adopt the particular mix of governance attributes that are necessary to improve their performance, while others do not. Key contextual factors include: a resource base of education and skills within the community that matches the needs of the community government; a pool of community members who have had a significant degree of exposure to the outside world; strongly egalitarian political norms underpinning a ‘whole of community’ orientation to governance; and a commitment to overcoming the historical legacy of dependency through a willingness to take responsibility for community government outcomes. These findings provide an indication about the strategies that need to be pursued for Aboriginal community governments to effectively meet the needs and aspirations of their constituents and realise their promise as instruments of self-determination.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Department of Politics and Public Policy
Griffith Business School
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Stotz, Gertrude, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Kurdungurlu got to drive Toyota: Differential colonizing process among the Warlpiri." Deakin University, 1993. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051110.142617.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is based on fieldwork I carried out between December 1987 and June 1989 while living with the residents of a small Warlpiri Outstation Community situated ca. 75 km north-west of Tennant Creek in the Northern Territory of Australia.
Colonialism is a process whereby incommensurate gender regimes impact differently on women and men and this is reflected in the indigenous response which affects the socialization of Western things.
The notion of the indigenous KIRDA-KURDUNGURLU reciprocity is shown to be consistent with a gender system and to articulate all exchange relations as pro-creative social relationships. This contrasts with the Western capitalist system of production and social reproduction of gendered individuals in that it does not ascribe gender to biological differences between women and men but is derived from a land based social division between Sister-Brother.
Social relationships are put under great strain in an effort to socialize Western things for Warlpiri internal use,
I argue that the colonization of Aboriginal societies is an ongoing process. Despite the historical shift from a physical all-male frontier to the present day cross-cultural negotiations between Aborigines and Non-Aborigines, men still privilege men. The negotiation process for ownership of a Community Toyota is the most recent phenomenon where this can be observed. Male privilege is established by linking control over the access to the Community Toyota with traditional rights to land.
However, the Toyota as Western object has a Western gender identity as well. By pitting women against men it engages people in social conflict which is brought into existence through an organisation of Western concepts based on an alien gender regime.
But Western things, especially the Community Toyota, resist socialization because the Warlpiri do not produce these things. Warlpiri people know this and, to satisfy their need for Western things, they engage them in a process of social differentiation. By this process they can be seen actively to maintain the Western system in an effort to maintain themselves as Warlpiri and to secure the production of Western things.
This investigation of the cultural response to Western influences shows that indigenous gender relations are only maintained through a socially stressful process of socializing Western things.
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Hutchinson, David Ronald. "Becoming a teacher in aboriginal communities, a call for the development of revolutionary praxis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ30481.pdf.
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Marsden, Namaste, Ken Clement, and David Schneider. ""Honouring and caring for Aboriginal people and communities in the fight against HiV/AIDS"." School of Native Human Services, 2000. http://142.51.24.159/dspace/handle/10219/449.
Full textAbstract:
This paper provides an organizational overview of Healing Our Spirit BC First Nations AIDS Society (Healing Our Spirit) and introduces the holistic healing and Aboriginal specific service delivery model that Healing Our Spirit uses to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The HIV/AIDS epidemic compels many Aboriginal communities to deal with the complex issues associated with HIV/AIDS.
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Guyot, Melissa. "Impacts of climate change on traditional food security in aboriginal communities in Northern Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18275.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the impact of climate changes on the harvest of traditional foods and characterizes the implication of these changes on the diet of Aboriginal Peoples in northern Canada. Combinations of qualitative and quantitative methods were used to document and estimate the local harvest pattern of key species of traditional food. Overall results between the estimated amount of available food from the harvest and the estimated amount of dietary intake did not agree, however, strong agreements were seen in two species: moose and whitefish. The relationship of harvest data to dietary intake is complex and requires two accurate and complete data sets. If these exist, predicting the intake of traditional foods from harvest data is possible. Qualitative results portray that community members are witnessing variable changes in climate which are affecting their traditional food harvest and are altering their harvest mechanisms to adapt to these changes.Cette thèse regard l'impact des changements environmentales sur la récolte des aliments traditionnels et characterise l'implication de ses changements sur la diète des membres de la communauté. Une combinaison de méthode quantitative et qualitative ont été utilisé pour documenter et estimer la séquence de la récolte des animaux clées locales. En général, les résultats entre la nourriture disponible estimé provennant de la récolte et le montant estimé pour la consumption alimentaire n'étaient pas égaux, parcontre, la ratio entre aurignal et poisson blanc étaient bonne. La relation entre les résultats numériques concernent la récolte et la consumption alimentaire sont complèxes et requièrent deux coordonnées d'informations numériques completes. Si cela existe, il serait possible de prédir la consumption des aliments traditionalles provenant de la récolte. Les résultats qualitatifs dénoncent des changements climatiques affectant la récolte des aliments traditionnels et alterent la façon dont les membres de la communauté font leur récolte pour adapter à ces changements climatiques.
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Wilks, Kathryn. "Canine zoonoses in Aboriginal communities : the effects of a canine breeding program in the Kimberley Region, Western Australia." Murdoch University, 1999. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20060829.145909.
Full textAbstract:
The hypothesis central to this study is that the implementation of a canine breeding and parasite
control program in Aboriginal communities results in a reduction in the reservoir of zoonotic
parasites within communities. The effect of the parasite and breeding control program on the
health status of dogs as well as the population characteristics of dogs in communities was also
investigated.
The study was conducted in 17 Aboriginal communities of the Kimberley region of Western
Australia, divided into three regions according to cultural and geographical attributes. All dogs
from each community were permanently identified using a microchip system. Owners of dogs
were asked the usual location of their animals, the origins of their dogs and the whereabouts of
any missing animals at subsequent visits. Every three months dogs were treated with 200ygikg
iverrnectin (a potent endo- and ecto-parasiticide) subcutaneously and adult female dogs were
treated with an injectable contraceptive (10-30mgkg proligestone) at the request of their
owners. At the time of treatment, dogs were assessed for ecto-parasites and photographs taken
for later comparison and diagnosis of alopecic skin conditions. Faecal and blood samples were
collected every three to six months and skin scrapings were collected from dogs that were
refractory to treatment. The samples were used to determine internal parasite prevalence (using
formal ethyl acetate sedimentation), blood parameters (for anaemia status) and evidence of
scabies or Demodex infestation.
A pilot study at one group of communities, involving weekly assessment of dogs after one
iverrnectin treatment, showed that the treatment was effective in reducing the prevalence of
scabies (as determined by clinical evaluation), hookworm and ticks. The treatment resulted in
improvement in animal health as evidenced by a reduction in the number of dogs with anaemia.
The long-term use of the ivermectin treatments at the other communities showed that over a
period of three years, the prevalence of scabies and hookworm had reduced at most areas. The
initial scabies prevalence varied from 17 to 52% and reduced to below 10% for all communities.
The hookworm infection rates were affected by seasonal factors, as was evidenced by a seasonal
variance in prevalence. Animals that were treated with ivermectin, though, had lower
prevalences of hookworm than those that were not.
There was a reasonable compliance rate for contraceptive treatments for female dogs (greater
than 60% at each visit) and fewer puppies were born within communities when compared with
rates before and after the establishment of the treatment program. High rates of acquisition of
puppies from other communities continued to maintain the dog population numbers despite the
reduction in breeding within communities.
The dog population was young, biased towards male dogs, and very unstable (almost 50% of
dogs died or went missing in a one year period). The rate of dog ownership across the
Kimberley varied according to the region investigated and always remained higher or equal to
ownership rates at the town centres of the Kimberley Region (as determined by a survey
conducted during the study).
Overall the canine parasite and breeding control program resulted in a reduction in scabies and
hookworm prevalence in dogs (and hence a reduction in the potential zoonotic transmission), a
reduction in dog breeding within communities, an improvement in dog health, and an
understanding in the dynamics and health status of dogs within communities.
33
Shelton, David. "Environmental perceptions and the homelands movement : a study of solid waste in remote aboriginal communities /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envs545.pdf.
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Thibodeau, Steven Charles. "Study of the problematics of implementing initiatives that prevent violence against women in Aboriginal communities." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632407.
Full textAbstract:
This study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the views of 36 interview respondents from eight reserves and 114 survey respondents from four reserves on the problematics of implementing violence against women treatment initiatives in reserves in Alberta, Canada. In-depth interviews with a purposeful sample of care providers working in Aboriginal communities were recorded and transcribed. A qualitative approach was used to guide the thematic analysis of the data. Major themes that emerged from the respondents included: (1) the effects of a lack of trust; (2) the need for Aboriginal content and process in the design of treatment initiatives and (3) the difficulty of garnering community support to secure Aboriginal content and design for initiatives. The purpose of the survey was to provide validation of the findings from the qualitative study and to extend the knowledge gained from the interviews. This research examines the social issues that have led to and influenced the research question that are correlated with themes that emerged from the in-depth interviews. It also discusses implications for implementing violence against women treatment initiatives in small, impoverished, isolated and traumatised communities.
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Groves, Ronald George. "Fourth world consumer culture: Emerging consumer cultures in remote Aboriginal communities of North-Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1999. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1201.
Full textAbstract:
Over the two centuries since the arrival of European settlers in Australia, the material culture and lifestyle of the indigenous Aboriginal people of Australia has undergone dramatic change. Based on qualitative fieldwork in three remote Aboriginal communities in north-western Australia, this study examines the emergence of unique consumer cultures that appear to differ significantly from mainstream Australia and indeed from other societies. The study finds that the impact of non-indigenous goods and external cultural values upon these communities has been significant. However, although anthropologists feared some fifty years ago that Aboriginal cultural values and traditions had been destroyed, this study concludes that they are still powerful moderating forces in each of the communities studied. The most powerful are non-possessiveness, immediacy in consumption, and a strong sharing ethos. Unlike findings in the so-called Second and Third Worlds, these Fourth World consumer cultures have not developed an unquenchable desire for manufactured consumer goods. Instead, non-traditional consumption practices have been modified by tradition oriented practices. The consumer cultures that have emerged through a synthesis of global and local values and practices have involved Aboriginal adoption, adaption and resistance practices. This process has resulted in both positive and negative impacts on the Aboriginal people of these communities. Ways of dealing with the negative effects have been suggested, while the positive effects have been highlighted as examples of what can possibly be learned from Aboriginal culture. The study also finds differences between the emerging consumer cultures of each community, concluding that this can be attributed to historical and cultural differences. The main conclusion is that the development of a global consumer culture is by no means inevitable.
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Jackson, Melissa. "Transformative Community Water Governance in Remote Australian Indigenous Communities." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/406052.
Full textAbstract:
Governing water systems to address issues of safety, security and sustainability and to build resilient communities is a key policy focus globally, as climate change and human impacts on freshwater resources are being increasingly felt. Yet, in remote Indigenous community contexts, Western management systems tend to focus on technical and engineering aspects of water services, often excluding Indigenous people from decisions about their own water resources. Unsustainable and inadequate water services have resulted that constrain local economic development and contribute to poor health and high mortality rates of Indigenous peoples. Sustainable water governance approaches are recognised as important to address such issues, but the pace and scale of uptake has been slow. Transformative governance is an emerging field of research and praxis that has potential to support scaling up sustainable water outcomes, however, very limited empirical or theoretical studies exist from which to guide action, particularly at the community scale, or in remote Indigenous community contexts.
Focusing on remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in Australia as a study setting, this thesis aims to explore Transformative Community Water Governance (TCWG) as an approach for practice and consider how it can be applied to contribute to sustainable and resilient remote Indigenous communities. Through a pragmatic and transdisciplinary lens, three objectives are addressed: 1) identify key concepts and principles for TCWG and assess current water governance arrangements and processes in remote Indigenous Australia; 2) develop an evidencebased framework for TCWG appropriate for application to remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities; 3) apply the conceptual TCWG framework in a remote Indigenous community context to identify lessons for practice.
Employing mixed methods, the exploratory study identified key concepts and principles for TCWG and assessed current practice in remote Australia in relation to these. The findings reveal limited uptake in practice of processes that could support longer-term transformative sustainability outcomes. Barriers that prevent transformative governance being adopted are also identified across five categories: governance arrangements and processes; economic and financial; capacity, skills education and employment; data and information; and cultural values and norms.
Enablers that can support transformative community water governance in this context are also identified. These findings provide the foundation for design of a novel TCWG framework applicable to remote Indigenous Australia. Key components of the framework include a guiding vision, five foundational principles to guide planning and action, an eight-step process for implementation, together with knowledge sharing activities across communities and regions. These components in combination create a comprehensive framework to guide community water governance for transformative change outcomes across communities and the water sector.
Moving beyond conceptual research, the TCWG framework was applied through participatory action research in the remote community of Masig in the Torres Strait Islands (Australia), providing lessons for practice. Activities included installation, monitoring and feedback on household water use from high-resolution smart water meters, household end-use survey and in-depth interviews with community and other stakeholders. The action research demonstrated how technocratic management approaches occur, are reinforced and impact on communities at the local scale resulting in outcomes that do not fit the local conditions. For example on Masig, continued focus and investments in centralised water treatment ignores community member preferences for drinking rainwater, which is often untreated, over mains water; imposition of water restrictions increase health risks from storing water for use during the day; while existing strengths within the community that could support longterm sustainable water outcomes are generally not considered in water decisions. A co-designed household water demand management trial also resulted in a 39% reduction in water use over the research period, demonstrating that a coordinated and educative approach can be more effective than ‘stick’ approaches, at least in the shortterm, building a foundation for long-term change.
The overall thesis findings suggest that there is significant potential for a TCWG approach to improve outcomes for sustainable, resilient communities and water systems at the local level and for scaling up on a larger scale. Recommendations are provided based on the research findings, for embedding this approach into governance institutions and supporting capacity building within the water governance system. Considerations for scaling up the TCWG approach across diverse community contexts, such as Pacific Island communities, and post-colonial settler nations such as New Zealand, Canada and the United States are also identified.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Eng & Built Env
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Markey, Nola M. "Data gathering dust, an analysis of traditional use studies conducted within Aboriginal communities in British Columbia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq61586.pdf.
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McGrath, Debra. "The effectiveness of evapotranspiration systems in disposal of wastewater in remote Aboriginal communities in Northwest Australia." Thesis, McGrath, Debra (1989) The effectiveness of evapotranspiration systems in disposal of wastewater in remote Aboriginal communities in Northwest Australia. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 1989. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/38440/.
Full textAbstract:
The outstation movement has resulted in the development of many new Aboriginal communities, ranging in size from small family groups to collectives of 100 or more people in remote areas of Australia. Health problems arising from ineffective waste disposal systems and lack of maintenance of existing systems are prevalent in many of the communities.
In some areas of the Pilbara, the soil is extremely impermeable with high clay and silt contents causing water applied to the soil to pond on the surface. In such situations conventional septic tank/soil absorption systems frequently fail: effluent moving into the disposal field is not absorbed by the soil sufficiently rapidly to prevent rise to the surface and hence system failure occurs. The only alternative currently used in such situations is a reticulated sewerage collection system which is very costly and frequently fails due to lack of maintenance.
Evapotranspiration (ET) systems could be used instead, being considerably less in cost and potentially requiring less maintenance than reticulated systems. In this study the effectiveness of ET systems in disposing of wastewater and the application of these systems to remote Aboriginal outstations was investigated.
Experiments were carried out between August 1988 and March 1989 at Murdoch University. Monitoring of daily changes in water levels in watertight tanks (constructed of either concrete drainage pipes with set in bases or polyethylene drums) containing soil, grass, gravel or trees (Eucalyptus camaldulensis). The gravel tanks were filled to the brim with 40mm gauge crushed granite. The tanks with soil, grass and trees were filled with graded gravel above which was placed a 40cm depth of Bassendean sand. As much as possible, the water table in each tank was kept within the sand layer to allow capillarity of water to the surface to occur. The bulk density and average particle density of the sand was measured to determine the porosity, from which the actual ET from the tanks was calculated. Calibration experiments were conducted to measure the time taken for the water level to stabilise when water was added or removed from a tank.
The bulk density of sand used in the study was 1.44g/cc and the particle density was 2.11 glee. From this the porosity was calculated as 0.32. Calibration experiments showed that the water level took up to six days to stabilise (to a water content of 0.91 L/cm sand in tank) when water was added down the standpipe to the tanks containing sand and even longer when added to the surface simulating rainfall. This placed the accuracy of ET determined for each lysimeter in some doubt over short periods as water was frequently added at intervals smaller than six days. Over a larger period however, water balances with an approximately constant water level in the tank gave a good estimate of ET rates.
ET from bare soil and grass followed similar trends to pan evaporation rates for the same period, ranging from 30-60% of pan evaporation for soil and from 60-80% of pan evaporation for grass. ET rates increased in the tree lysimeters as the plants grew and exceeded pan evaporation rates in December and February. Evaporation from gravel filled lysimeters was low, being as little as 10% of pan evaporation at a depth to water table of 28cm. The results showed that the presence of vegetation increased water loss, indicating that soil capillarity may not be important in the functioning of an ET system that has plants growing. Gravel was not a suitable medium for sustained high ET rates.
The water balance equation was used to determine the ET system sizing requirements for a given locality, where system depth was dependent upon the total storage of wastewater needed in a year and on the storage capacity of the fill material used in the disposal field. Application of the equation in designing an ET system for Punmu showed that the information that was available was pan evaporation rates, rainfall and average wastewater production figures. Information that was not available and would require collection on-site was seepage rates of the soil, and likely numbers of people present throughout the year at the outstation. Similarly, the ET rates for trees could not be determined from pan evaporation data and required further investigation. The acceptance by residents at an outstation of ET systems should also be examined - fear of snakes hiding in vegetation may perhaps cause people to pull out shrubs planted on a disposal field.
In conclusion, ET systems would appear to be a suitable alternative to reticulated systems in remote communities. The arid conditions of the Pilbara favour the successful implementation of such a disposal system, provided sufficient wastewater is generated all year round to maintain vegetative growth. There should be no public health risk involved in the functioning of a system if it is designed to maintain a depth to water level in the bed of at least 20cm.
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St-Jean, Mélanie. "Exploring the Transitions Associated with Aging in Two Northern First Nations Communities." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24204.
Full textAbstract:
First Nations people have experienced dramatic life changes in a very short period of time. The process of change was not a conscious decision made by First Nations peoples but rather the result of successive stages of European contact and formal colonization by what is now the government of Canada. With such constant changes and the history of assimilation that overshadows the Aboriginal population, it is becoming difficult for Elders to sustain their roles within the family unit and in their community as a whole. This study provides a description of the oral accounts of Elders living in two remote First Nations communities in Northwestern Ontario. I conducted three summers of ethnographic research that involved participant observation of local cultural practices and 12 semi-structured interviews from 2009 to 2011. Guided discussions with Elders about their lives and their relationship to the land provide important insight into local cultural and personal values. Three primary themes emerged from the conversations with the Elders about life during the childhood: the intense physicality of life in the past, the connection between health and local foods and the changing role of Elders. Findings suggest that Elders are eager to transmit their knowledge to provide a healthier lifestyle for future generations. In addition, I provide a description of the current living conditions of Elders in both communities. First Nations Elders, who were once crucial to the survival of a band, are now facing the highest degree of vulnerability and are desperately searching for a new identity that gives them purpose. Meeting with Elders in their homes and at several community events provided insight into their lives and the challenges they are currently facing. These challenges and experiences are hardly one-dimensional, as they each have varying degrees of family support, financial stability and housing conditions. However, the consistent thread in all the cases was the ongoing struggle Elders have faced trying to reconcile traditional perspectives with the growing dominance of contemporary western lifestyle practices.
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Mpungu, Paul. "A syncretic approach to social housing : addressing challenges in social housing for Aboriginal communities in BC, Canada." University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24459.
Full textAbstract:
Over thousands of years, the world's Indigenous peoples have developed their own distinct cultures, religions and economic and social organizations. Their ways of life are reflected in their architecture, and in their social and cultural lifestyles. Contact with European settlers interfered with the continuity and evolvement of their indigenous way of life. Many First Nations in Canada are at advanced stages in their treaty negotiations with the Federal government. This study focuses on three interrelated paradigms which, viewed together, impact the delivery of architectural forms in built environments. These include education, professional practice and social housing. Social housing as a critical model of housing that has achieved global appeal was instrumental in the acculturation processes that characterized colonial tendencies of post-contact Canada. This thesis explores these paradigms from the point of view of post-colonialism in the power contestations that continue to this day.
The realization of a culturally appropriate social housing environment is the ultimate dream of many Aboriginal people. It has remained central in the minds of most Aboriginals to the extent that it is seen to hold the key that would bring about a general improvement to their well-being. Hence my argument for an enabling environment mediated by Aboriginal agency, knowledge and implementation, as a prerequisite to achieving adequacy and socially appropriate housing for Aboriginal people.
In a world that invariably equates Euro-centric hegemonic workings with globalization, cultural objectivity stands lowest in the technologically mediated modernization priority. But precisely because culture is itself the single most contested paradigm in global power relationships, this thesis identifies its mediating potential to prescribe a new future, one that is neither global nor nativist. That mediation is a virtual space invariably described as interstitial and or, as a space of liminality which, by following neither a global technopole nor an essentialist position, becomes a third flow space. The thesis advances this third option in syncretism. Syncretic relations operate as symbiotic processes and tend to facilitate coexistence and constructive interaction between differing cultures. In their ability to mediate social housing differences, syncretic relations offer humanity a formidable opportunity to reconcile its cultural differences.Graduate
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Harper, Julie. ""Divided we fall, United we stand: Internalized oppression and its affects on Community Development within Aboriginal communities"." School of Native Human Services, 2003. http://142.51.24.159/dspace/handle/10219/406.
Full textAbstract:
Community development starts with community healing.
This is not a new idea, but one that is needed in order for Native and non-Native communities to
peacefully co-exist within Canada. In order to initiate developing new initiatives in a
community, that particular community must be ready for new initiatives to be developed. Some
communities are not at that level because of factors related to alcohol and drug abuse. Some
communities are not yet capable of fully understanding the concepts of "community development"
and "community healing." Many people, both Native and non-Native, ask these questions: "Why
can't things change in Canada for Native people? Why can't 'they' (meaning Natives)
get anything done within their communities? This paper explores these questions. The hypothesis
is that, in order to get anything done, whether it is political, social, economical or personal,
within this country, Aboriginal people need to stand together as a nation, not just merely
independent communities, reserves or cultures. There are theories explaining how people can
heal and come together to work towards one common purpose. The ones that will be discussed
here are Empowerment Theory, Aboriginal Theory, Community Development Theory and the National
Coalition Building Institute Theory. These theories have their strengths and weaknesses
when it comes to community development, but
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how they deal with the internalized oppression that holds people back from their
full potential as human beings is a common theme in all of them.
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Griffin, Barry A., and n/a. "The evolution and development of outstation education in the Elcho Island area 1984 to 1989 : indicators to predict the long term viability of outstation educational programs." University of Canberra. Education, 1990. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060713.105348.
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Since the early 1970's a rapid increase has been experienced in
the number of Aboriginal homeland communities being
established throughout the Northern Territory.
While educational services commenced to many homeland
communities as early as 1972/3, such services did not
commence in the Elcho Island area until 1983/4. Since this
time educational services have been provided to eleven
homeland communities in the Elcho Island area. Of the eleven
educational programs established, five continued to operate at
the end of 1989.
It is established that homeland schools in the Elcho Island area
differ significantly in characteristics of student enrolment,
frequency of student attendance and in the homeland school's
ability to continue to function as a viable community initiative.
On the basis of the data presented in the study, the following
four levels of classification of homeland schools is established;
highly functional homeland schools,
moderately functional homeland schools,
minimally functional homeland schools, and
homeland schools that have ceased operating.
It is revealed that enrolment and attendance data, traditionally
utilised by government authorities to prioritise the allocation
of limited resources between competing homeland
communities, is in fact a poor indicator for assessing a
homeland community school's long term viability.
This study identifies the following three sociological
characteristics as being strongly correlated to the long term
viability of homeland schools in the Elcho Island area;
land affiliation,
parental residency, and
family mobility.
From the analysis of the data, three recommendations are
proposed;
1. In assessing the long term viability (functional status) of a
homeland community school, educational administrators should
analyse the three sociological indicators;
land affiliation
family mobility, and
parental residency
as an alternative to the more traditional method of relying
primarily upon enrolment and attendance data.
2. In the allocation of scarce resources, especially resources
of a fixed capital nature, to homeland community schools,
priority be given to those homeland community schools that fit
the profile of a moderate to highly functional homeland school.
3. Minimally functional homeland schools need access to
resources in order to provide the educational programs
requested by the local community. Resources provided for this
category of homeland school need to be easily re-located
should the educational program be suspended at the homeland
community.
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Austin, John. "Constraints on operators of the Broadcasting for Remote Aboriginal Communities Scheme (BRACS) in Queensland functioning as broadcast journalists." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1999.
Find full textAbstract:
This thesis is a theoretical and empirical examination of the adaptation of broadcast journalism, its methods, skills, and principles, to the Queensland operations of the
Broadcasting for Remote Aboriginal Communities Scheme, known as BRACS. It is both a theoretical examination of perspectives on the establishment and development of the
Scheme, the development and implementation of relevant policy, and an empirical analysis, through a case study, of the constraints on BRACS operators functioning as broadcast journalists.
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Callingham, Christina. "Youth Engagement in Northern Communities: A Narrative Exploration of Aboriginal Youth Participation in a Positive Youth Development Program." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32869.
Full textAbstract:
This qualitative study aimed to enhance our understanding of youth engagement experiences from the perspective of Aboriginal youth living in the Canadian North, as positive youth development programs can foster community engagement among youth and may have implications for Aboriginal youth involvement in community healing. With an asset-based orientation that recognizes that youths’ strengths co-exist with, and are understood in relation to, environmental challenges, narrative inquiry was used to explore the experiences of six Aboriginal youth who participated in a program that promotes community engagement. Rich participant accounts resulted in better understanding youth engagement as a profound culture-bound process rather than simple participation in a program, and illuminates the importance of positive relationships, adult support, and pre-program community involvement to building subsequent engagement. This study has implications specific to Aboriginal youth as having a role in promoting health and healing in their communities through their engagement.
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Wiseman, Clare L. S. "A risk balance analysis of dioxin and furan related shellfish closures for aboriginal coastal communities in British Columbia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24270.pdf.
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Natcher, David C. "Co-operative resource management as an adaptive strategy for aboriginal communities, the Whitefish Lake First Nation case study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ46893.pdf.
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Liu, Qian. "An ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants of the Kamilaroi and Muruwari aboriginal communities in northern New South Wales." Electronic version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/416.
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Wilks, Kathryn Michelle. "Canine zoonoses in Aboriginal communities: The effects of a canine breeding program in the Kimberley Region, Western Australia." Thesis, Wilks, Kathryn Michelle (1999) Canine zoonoses in Aboriginal communities: The effects of a canine breeding program in the Kimberley Region, Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1999. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/405/.
Full textAbstract:
The hypothesis central to this study is that the implementation of a canine breeding and parasite control program in Aboriginal communities results in a reduction in the reservoir of zoonotic parasites within communities. The effect of the parasite and breeding control program on the health status of dogs as well as the population characteristics of dogs in communities was also investigated.
The study was conducted in 17 Aboriginal communities of the Kimberley region of Western Australia, divided into three regions according to cultural and geographical attributes. All dogs from each community were permanently identified using a microchip system. Owners of dogs were asked the usual location of their animals, the origins of their dogs and the whereabouts of any missing animals at subsequent visits. Every three months dogs were treated with 200ygikg iverrnectin (a potent endo- and ecto-parasiticide) subcutaneously and adult female dogs were treated with an injectable contraceptive (10-30mgkg proligestone) at the request of their owners. At the time of treatment, dogs were assessed for ecto-parasites and photographs taken for later comparison and diagnosis of alopecic skin conditions. Faecal and blood samples were collected every three to six months and skin scrapings were collected from dogs that were refractory to treatment. The samples were used to determine internal parasite prevalence (using formal ethyl acetate sedimentation), blood parameters (for anaemia status) and evidence of scabies or Demodex infestation.
A pilot study at one group of communities, involving weekly assessment of dogs after one iverrnectin treatment, showed that the treatment was effective in reducing the prevalence of scabies (as determined by clinical evaluation), hookworm and ticks. The treatment resulted in improvement in animal health as evidenced by a reduction in the number of dogs with anaemia.
The long-term use of the ivermectin treatments at the other communities showed that over a period of three years, the prevalence of scabies and hookworm had reduced at most areas. The initial scabies prevalence varied from 17 to 52% and reduced to below 10% for all communities. The hookworm infection rates were affected by seasonal factors, as was evidenced by a seasonal variance in prevalence. Animals that were treated with ivermectin, though, had lower prevalences of hookworm than those that were not.
There was a reasonable compliance rate for contraceptive treatments for female dogs (greater than 60% at each visit) and fewer puppies were born within communities when compared with rates before and after the establishment of the treatment program. High rates of acquisition of puppies from other communities continued to maintain the dog population numbers despite the reduction in breeding within communities.
The dog population was young, biased towards male dogs, and very unstable (almost 50% of dogs died or went missing in a one year period). The rate of dog ownership across the Kimberley varied according to the region investigated and always remained higher or equal to ownership rates at the town centres of the Kimberley Region (as determined by a survey conducted during the study).
Overall the canine parasite and breeding control program resulted in a reduction in scabies and hookworm prevalence in dogs (and hence a reduction in the potential zoonotic transmission), a reduction in dog breeding within communities, an improvement in dog health, and an understanding in the dynamics and health status of dogs within communities.
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Rahaman, Zaida. "Nursing the ‘Other’: Exploring the Roles and Challenges of Nurses Working within Rural, Remote, and Northern Canadian Aboriginal Communities." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31818.
Full textAbstract:
State dependency and the lingering impacts of colonialism dancing with Aboriginal peoples are known realities across the Canadian health care landscape. However, delving into the discourses of how to reduce health disparities of a colonized population is a sophisticated issue with many factors to consider. Specifically, nurses can play a central role in the delivery of essential health services to the ‘Other’ within isolated Northern Aboriginal communities. As an extension of the state health care system, nurses have a duty to provide responsive and relevant health care services to Aboriginal peoples.
The conducted qualitative research, influenced by a postcolonial epistemology, sought to explore the roles and challenges of nurses working within rural, remote, and Northern Canadian Aboriginal communities, as well as individual, organizational, and system level factors that supported or impeded nurses’ work in helping to meet Aboriginal peoples’ health needs with meaningful care. Theorists include the works of Fanon on colonization and racial construction; Kristeva on semiotics and abjection; and Foucault on power/knowledge, governmentality, and bio-power were used in providing a theoretical framework to help enlighten the research study presented within this dissertation.
Critical Discourse Analysis of twenty-five semi-structured interviews with nurses, physicians, and regional health care administrators was deployed to gain a better understanding of the responsibilities and challenges of nurses working in Northern Canada. Specifically, the research study was conducted in one of the three health regions within Northern Saskatchewan. Major findings of this study include: (1) the Aboriginal person did not exist without being in a relation with their colonial agent, the nurse, (2) being ‘Aboriginal’ was constructed as a source of treating illnesses and managing diseases, and (3) as a collective force, nursing was utilized as means of governmentality and as provisions of care situated within colonial laws.
Historically, nurses functioned as a weapon to ‘save’ and ‘civilize’ Aboriginal peoples for purposes of the state. Primarily, present day nursing roles focused on health care duties to promote a decency of the state, followed by missionary tasks. In turn, the findings of this research study indicate that nurses must have a better understanding of the impact of colonialism on Aboriginal peoples’ health before they engage with local communities. Knowledge development through postcolonial scholarship in nursing can help nurses and health service providers to strengthen their self-reflective practice, in working towards de-signifying poor discourses around Aboriginal peoples’ health and to help create new discourses.
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Walsh, Elizabeth. "Manufactured extinction : the origins of the policy of removing Aboriginal children from their indigenous communities in South Australia, 1836-1911 /." Title page, contents and conclusion only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arw224.pdf.
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