Journal articles: 'Aboriginal Affairs'

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Wentworth, Paul. "Minister for Aboriginal Affairs v Peko-Wallsend LTD." Federal Law Review 16, no. 4 (December 1986): 386–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0067205x8601600404.

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Aboriginals - Land Rights - Administrative Law - Inquiry by Aboriginal Land Commissioner - Party not disclosing information to inquiry - Ex parte representations to Minister by party detrimentally affected - Failure to take into account relevant considerations - Obligation of Minister to have regard to exparte representation - Constructive knowledge of Minister of matters within his departmenrs knowledge - Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976 (C'th) ss 11, 50 Administrative Decisions (Judicial Review) Act 1977 (C'th) s 5(2)(b).

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Malloy, Jonathan. "Double Identities: Aboriginal Policy Agencies in Ontario and British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Political Science 34, no. 1 (March 2001): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423901777840.

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This article argues that provincial government units for Aboriginal affairs in Ontario and British Columbia have ''double identities'' stemming from contradictory mandates anchored in two different policy communities. Aboriginal policy agencies act as Crown negotiators with Aboriginal nations over land claims and self-government, but are also responsible for co-ordinating government policies affecting Aboriginals. Consequently, they interact with two different policy communities. One involves economic and resource ministries, which engage in a pressure pluralist relationship with Aboriginal groups. The second involves social policy ministries who engage in more clientele pluralist relationships with Aboriginals. Consequently, Aboriginal policy agencies display different identities and play different and sometimes contradictory roles. These ''double identities'' illustrate the complexity and contradictions of provincial-Aboriginal relations in Canada.

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Castejon, Vanessa. "Aboriginal affairs: Monologue or dialogue?" Journal of Australian Studies 26, no. 75 (January 2002): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443050209387800.

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McGarvie, N. "The Development of Inservice and Induction Programs for Teachers of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Students in Queensland Schools: an Historical Overview." Aboriginal Child at School 16, no. 4 (September 1988): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0310582200015492.

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The Aboriginal/Islander population of Queensland was calculated by the 1981 census to be greater than 44,000 (Department of Aboriginal Affairs, 1984, p.11). However, for a slightly later estimate, the Annual Report of the Queensland Department of Aboriginal and Islander Advancement records a figure of 60,000 (Department of Aboriginal and Islander Advancement, 1984, p.l). Both of these figures could be substantially correct given a possibility that some Aboriginal people may not identify themselves as such on census returns. Whatever the reason for the difference in the figures, a total of some 50,000 is most likely conservative for the present time. This figure converts to a percentage of slightly over 2% of the Queensland population being Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander. Of the 50,000 Aboriginal/Islander population some 24% are Torres Strait Islanders (Department of Aboriginal Affairs, 1984, p.11).

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Foley, Dennis. "Entrepreneurship in Indigenous Australia: the importance of Education." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 27, no. 2 (December 1999): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1326011100600571.

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In the Coalition’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs 1998 election policy statement, The Honourable John Herron, Senator for Queensland and Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs, claimed that a second term Howard/Fischer government would continue to assist Indigenous Australia to move beyond welfare by continuing to target key areas that include education and economic development (Herron 1998:1).

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Hamilton, Michelle A. "“Anyone not on the list might as well be dead”: Aboriginal Peoples and the Censuses of Canada, 1851–1916." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 18, no. 1 (June 17, 2008): 57–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/018254ar.

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Abstract The enumeration of First Nations and Métis peoples in Canada must be considered differently from other ethnic minorities because of their colonial relationship with the state. Over the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Aboriginal peoples in Canada became increasingly subject to a separate regulatory body, the Department of Indian Affairs, and legislation such as the Indian Act, both of which affected the information recorded by the census. As the census extended to Canada’s north and west, Indian Affairs officials often acted as census enumerators, and, consequently, its creation of the legal categories of Métis and status Indian blurred the ethnic definitions laid out by the census instructions. Some Aboriginal peoples viewed the census as part of the ongoing process of their nation-to-nation relationship with the British Crown or the Canadian government, but many refused to cooperate with enumerators, seeing them as part of the colonial order which Indian Affairs attempted to impose upon them. Because the public use samples of census data being released by various Canadian universities will result in new social history research, scholars need to understand the ties between colonialism and the enumeration of Aboriginal peoples in order to interpret the data.

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Westerway, Peter. "Starting Aboriginal Broadcasting: Whitefella Business." Media International Australia 117, no. 1 (November 2005): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0511700112.

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Officials in the Australian Public Service often wield substantial influence on policy-making, yet their work is normally hidden from public view. This case study of the process involved in developing an Aboriginal broadcasting policy after the 1967 referendum reveals conflict between two incompatible paradigms: assimilation (Aboriginal affairs) and diversity of choice (broadcasting). This conflict, together with official reluctance to truly consult with relevant Aboriginal communities and misunderstandings over historically and culturally specific concepts such as country, tribe, clan, community and resident, eventually led to policy failure. Since community control was not considered as an option, Aboriginal broadcasting obstinately remained whitefella business.

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Mason, Bonita, Chris Thomson, Dawn Bennett, and Michelle Johnston. "Putting the love back in to journalism: Transforming habitus in Aboriginal affairs student reporting." Journal of Alternative & Community Media 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/joacm_00018_1.

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While journalism scholars have identified a lack of critical reflexivity in journalism, few have identified ways to educate university students for critically reflexive journalism practice. This article reports on a university teaching project that enables such practice as a means to counter exclusions, stereotyping and misrepresentation of Aboriginal people by large-scale Australian media. Using Bourdieus concept of habitus to track transformations in student dispositions, particularly as they relate to practice, the article shows how participating students became more competent and confident Aboriginal affairs journalists with a strengthened sense of themselves, their practice and the journalistic field. Their investment in the field was strengthened as they sought to tell hidden and disregarded stories, and to include previously excluded voices, perspectives and representations. The article describes and analyses an example of critically reflexive learning, practice and teaching that has the potential to transform students learning, the journalistic field and relations between Aboriginal non-Aboriginal Australians.

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Forest, Pierre-Gerlier, and Thierry Rodon. "Les activités internationales des autochtones du Canada." Études internationales 26, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 35–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/703425ar.

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Aboriginal peoples of Canada have never limited themselves to the national scène in their struggle to obtain the recognition of their collective rights and powers. Since 1974, this phenomenon has increased noticeably and the international activities of Aboriginal peoples can be seen as a major event in Canadian external affairs. However, Aboriginal peoples of Canada are not a homogenous group. Their participation in the international Systems or institutions is as varied as the traditions and the expectations of each aboriginal nation towards political action. Beyond a typology of the external relations of Aboriginal peoples, the approach used in this article offers new perspectives over the extent and the meaning of their international personality : without being a condition of aboriginal self-government, the participation in the international arena is certainly promoting the realization of this ideal.

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Kidd, Ros. "You Can Trust Me — I'm With The Government." Queensland Review 1, no. 1 (June 1994): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600000489.

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In Queensland today, a class action is being considered against the state government to recover and return to Aboriginal control, cash and assets which were acquired from Aboriginal earnings by the Aboriginal affairs department over a period of 60 odd years. In the process of three years' research into the workings of Queensland's Aboriginal department I have accumulated a range of information relevant to this matter. This summary provides a historical context within the constraints of incidental material which was available to me. I will canvass two separate, but interlocking, issues: the department's control of wages and savings accounts; and the government's handling of the trust funds built up from the accumulated, and compulsorily acquired, earnings of thousands of Aboriginal men and women.

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Dwyer, Judith, Tim Tenbensel, Josée Lavoie, Angelita Martini, Catherine Brown, Jeannie Devitt, Paula Myott, Edward Tilton, and Amohia Boulton. "Public administration reform for Aboriginal affairs: An institutionalist analysis." Australian Journal of Public Administration 79, no. 4 (April 17, 2020): 550–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8500.12422.

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Clohesy, Lachlan. "Fighting the Enemy Within Anti-Communism and Aboriginal Affairs." History Australia 8, no. 2 (January 2011): 128–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14490854.2011.11668377.

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Jones, Jocelyn, Mandy Wilson, Elizabeth Sullivan, Lynn Atkinson, Marisa Gilles, Paul L. Simpson, Eileen Baldry, and Tony Butler. "Australian Aboriginal women prisoners’ experiences of being a mother: a review." International Journal of Prisoner Health 14, no. 4 (December 17, 2018): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-12-2017-0059.

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PurposeThe rise in the incarceration of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mothers is a major public health issue with multiple sequelae for Aboriginal children and the cohesiveness of Aboriginal communities. The purpose of this paper is to review the available literature relating to Australian Aboriginal women prisoners’ experiences of being a mother.Design/methodology/approachThe literature search covered bibliographic databases from criminology, sociology and anthropology, and Australian history. The authors review the literature on: traditional and contemporary Aboriginal mothering roles, values and practices; historical accounts of the impacts of white settlement of Australia and subsequent Aboriginal affairs policies and practices; and women’s and mothers’ experiences of imprisonment.FindingsThe review found that the cultural experiences of mothering are unique to Aboriginal mothers and contrasted to non-Aboriginal concepts. The ways that incarceration of Aboriginal mothers disrupts child rearing practices within the cultural kinship system are identified.Practical implicationsAboriginal women have unique circumstances relevant to the concept of motherhood that need to be understood to develop culturally relevant policy and programs. The burden of disease and cycle of incarceration within Aboriginal families can be addressed by improving health outcomes for incarcerated Aboriginal mothers and female carers.Originality/valueTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first literature review on Australian Aboriginal women prisoners’ experiences of being a mother.

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14

Jones, Kirk. "Micro Economic Reform and Aboriginal Support Programs." Aboriginal Child at School 21, no. 1 (March 1993): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0310582200005538.

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Issues of finances and resources continue to be critical in determining future directions for Aboriginal Support Programs in higher education. Full accountability for expenditure of public funds has been the ‘hidden agenda’ behind the rhetoric of ‘self management’ and ‘self-sufficiency’ of both the labour and coalition parties in regard to Aboriginal affairs (Sharing the Country). Yet, it is becoming increasingly evident that these political terms have economic links with ‘amalgamation’ and ‘program rationalization’; that is, they are packaged in ‘micro economic reform’.

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Eisenberg, Amy, and Photography by John Amato. "How Did the Cultural Revolution Affect Your Culture?" ab-Original 4, no. 1-2 (December 2020): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/aboriginal.4.1-2.0148.

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ABSTRACT As an international expert at the Research Institute of Anthropology and Ethnology, Jishou University, Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, China, on UNESCO Local Indigenous Knowledge Systems/UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues/UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs projects with Kam people and ministries responsible for ethnic development, I asked my colleagues this question: How did the Cultural Revolution affect your culture? This article details their answers.

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Watson, Nicole. "The Northern Territory Emergency Response: The More Things Change, The More They Stay the Same." Alberta Law Review 48, no. 4 (May 1, 2011): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/alr139.

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The Northern Territory Emergency Response (NTER) was a raft of measures introduced by the Commonwealth of Australia in response to allegations of child sexual abuse in Northern Territory Aboriginal communities. The measures included the compulsory acquisition of Aboriginal lands, the quarantining of welfare payments, prohibitions on alcohol, and the vesting of expansive powers in the Commonwealth Minister to intervene in the affairs of Aboriginal organizations. This article aims to provide a brief historical background of Aboriginal people's experiences with the law in Australia, discuss certain provisoins of the NTER, and, finally, examine the consequences three years after the implementation of the NTER. Through this analysis, the author suggests that history remains a powerful influence, resulting in the NTER being based on assumptions of Aboriginal people that are grounded in a racist past. Further, independent studies have shown that the NTER has been largely ineffective at accomplishing its stated objectives.

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Holland, Alison. "Aboriginal Affairs: Humanitarian Intervention Then and Now: Dis/Connections and Possibilities." Australian Journal of Politics & History 63, no. 4 (December 2017): 524–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajph.12408.

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Leonard, Simon. "Children's History: Implications of Childhood Beliefs for Teachers of Aboroginal Students." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 30, no. 2 (2002): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1326011100001447.

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While conducting research intended to explore the underlying thoughts and assumptions held by non-Indigenous teachers and policy makers involved in Aboriginal education I dug out my first book on Australian history which had been given when I was about seven years old. Titled Australia From the Beginning (Pownall, 1980), the book was written for children and was not a scholarly book. It surprised me, then, to find so many of my own understandings and assumptions about Aboriginal affairs and race relations in this book despite four years of what had seemed quite liberal education in Australian history.

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Barry, N. "Alienation in Aboriginal Education in the Northern Territory." Aboriginal Child at School 22, no. 2 (August 1994): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0310582200006374.

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In many areas of government policy there is a big gap between theory and practice, that is, there is a difference between what ought to occur and what actually eventuates. This is unfortunately true for education as well. That education actually alienates the young from the old and from their traditional life-style may in some way be substantiated. In theory this should not happen. Before any discussion on the pros and cons of such a state of affairs, however, there is a need to define what education is, to define some of the approaches officially accepted in Aboriginal education and to differentiate between the needs of some of the more recognizable Aboriginal groups and their life-styles.

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Abdulwasi, Munira, Marilyn Evans, and Lillian Magalhaes. "“You're Native but You're not Native Looking”: A Critical Narrative Study Exploring the Health Needs of Aboriginal Veterans Adopted and/or Fostered During the Sixties Scoop." First Peoples Child & Family Review 11, no. 2 (October 5, 2021): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1082334ar.

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This study employed a critical narrative approach to examine the experience of Aboriginal Veterans in Canada adopted and/or fostered during the Sixties Scoop. The objectives of this study was to: 1) understand lived experiences of Aboriginal veterans adopted and/or fostered during the Sixties Scoop, 2) investigate health needs articulated by this population, and 3) provide suggestions for the creation of health services to aid Aboriginal veterans adopted and/or fostered during the Sixties Scoop with their health needs. Individual interviews were audio-recorded and conducted with eight participants from across Canada. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using the holistic-content model (Lieblich, Tuval-Mashiach & Zilber, 1998). Data analysis of the interviews uncovered three overarching themes: a) sense of belonging, b) racism: experienced and perceived, and c) resilience: not giving up in the face of adversity. Two main health needs conveyed by the participants included mental health care and support to fight substance abuse. More awareness regarding the historical realities experienced by this population and the impact this may have on their overall health is needed. Increased coordination between Veterans Affairs Canada (VAC), Royal Canadian Legion (RCL), National Aboriginal Veterans Association (NAVA), Aboriginal Veteran Autochthones (AVA), and Aboriginal agencies is needed to address the mental health needs experienced by this group of veterans.

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Hunter, Ernest. "‘Best Intentions’ Lives on: Untoward Health Outcomes of Some Contemporary Initiatives in Indigenous Affairs." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 36, no. 5 (October 2002): 575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.01040.x.

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Objective: A shortened version of a presentation to the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, this paper raises questions regarding policy and program directions in Indigenous affairs with consequences for Indigenous health. Method: The author notes the inadequate Indigenous mental health database, and describes contemporary conflicts in the arena of Indigenous mental health, drawing on personal experience in clinical service delivery, policy and programme development. Results: Medicalized responses to the Stolen Generations report and constructions of suicide that accompanied the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody are presented to demonstrate unforeseen health outcomes. Examples are also given of wellintentioned social interventions that, in the context of contemporary Indigenous society appear to be contributing to, rather than alleviating, harm. Problems of setting priorities that confront mental health service planners are considered in the light of past and continuing social disadvantage that informs the burden of mental disorder in Indigenous communities. Conclusions: The importance of acknowledging untoward outcomes of initiatives, even when motivated by concerns for social justice, is emphasized. The tension within mental health services of responding to the underpinning social issues versus providing equity in access to proven mental health services for Indigenous populations is considered.

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Roffee, James A. "Rhetoric, Aboriginal Australians and the Northern Territory Intervention: A Socio-legal Investigation into Pre-legislative Argumentation." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v5i1.285.

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Presented within this article is a systematic discourse analysis of the arguments used by the then Australian Prime Minister and also the Minister for Indigenous Affairs in explaining and justifying the extensive and contentious intervention by the federal government into remote Northern Territory Aboriginal communities. The methods used within this article extend the socio-legal toolbox, providing a contextually appropriate, interdisciplinary methodology that analyses the speech act’s rhetorical properties. Although many academics use sound-bites of pre-legislative speech in order to support their claims, this analysis is concerned with investigating the contents of the speech acts in order to understand how the Prime Minister’s and Minister for Indigenous Affairs’ argumentations sought to achieve consensus to facilitate the enactment of legislation. Those seeking to understand legislative endeavours, policy makers and speech actors will find that paying structured attention to the rhetorical properties of speech acts yields opportunities to strengthen their insight. The analysis here indicates three features in the argumentation: the duality in the Prime Minister’s and Minister’s use of the Northern Territory Government’s Little Children are Sacred report; the failure to sufficiently detail the linkages between the Intervention and the measures combatting child sexual abuse; and the omission of recognition of Aboriginal agency and consultation.

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Merlan, Francesca. "The objectification of ‘culture’: An aspect of current political process in aboriginal affairs." Anthropological Forum 6, no. 1 (January 1989): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00664677.1989.9967398.

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Gehl, Lynn. "Indian Rights for Indian Babies: Canada’s “Unstated Paternity” Policy." First Peoples Child & Family Review 8, no. 2 (September 28, 2020): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1071732ar.

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Relying on an Indigenous methodology and the methods of a literature analysis , personal experience , and critical introspection this article addresses Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada’s 1985 unstated paternity policy in regard to the Indian status provisions of the Indian Act. Through Canada’s unstated paternity policy, with its inherent assumption where the Registrar of Aboriginal Affairs interprets all applicants’ birth certificates that lack a father’s signature as being a non-Indian man, many Indigenous women and their children continue to be denied the right to live free from sex discrimination. Disturbingly, this unstated paternity policy applies in situations of sexual violence such as incest , rape, gang rape, sexual slavery, and prostitution where young mothers of Indigenous Nations are particularly vulnerable. Thus, despite Canada’s Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the two remedial legislations that took place in 1985 and 2011 purportedly to eliminate the sex discrimination in the Indian Act, in Canada’s continued need to eliminate treaty responsibilities to Indigenous nations, the nation state is directly targeting Indigenous babies. While policy remedies are discussed, the author also argues that despite the decades of advocacy and litigation work by Indigenous women , Canada has manipulated the remedial legislative process as an opportunity to create new forms of sex discrimination rather than eliminate it. In this way Canada acts in bad faith and in a way that is counter to the Charter .

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Nordin, Vidar J., and Roxanne Comeau. "Forest resources education in Canada." Forestry Chronicle 79, no. 4 (August 1, 2003): 799–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc79799-4.

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In a new focus on forest education, forest practitioners and forest workers will redefine their roles and modify their educational training to reflect changing needs. Challenging working environments compatible with a new generation of high-tech forest practitioners need to be established by employers. Information technology will revolutionize the delivery of forest resources education and the procedures and motivation for life-long learning. The educational environment will transform increasingly from didactic to interactive problem-based learning and professors will emerge as creative facilitators of knowledge, and have a profound influence on the development of forest education. The forestry schools will need creative partnerships at home and abroad to support their mandates in education, research, and public service. Inventive, visionary leadership by the forestry schools will be essential so that the schools become leading players in national and global affairs. Aboriginal communities are facing new challenges and assuming growing responsibilities in managing their forest lands and enterprises. Exceptional measures are needed to educate forest practitioners and forest workers of Aboriginal ancestry via partnerships with forest industry, governments, academic institutions, and forestry resources associations. Key words: education, forestry resources, teaching, accreditation, information technology, curriculum, continuing education, Aboriginal.

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Gunstone, Andrew. "Indigenous Education 1991–2000: Documents, Outcomes and Governments." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 41, no. 2 (December 2012): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jie.2012.26.

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There is often a disparity in Indigenous Affairs between many documents, such as policies, reports and legislation, and outcomes. This article explores this difference through analysing the policy area of Indigenous education during the period of 1991 to 2000. I examine three key documents relating to Indigenous education. These are theNational Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education Policy, theCouncil for Aboriginal Reconciliation Act (Cth)and the report of theRoyal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody. I then analyse the abysmal outcomes of Indigenous education over this period, including educational access, educational attainment, school attendance and reading benchmarks. I argue that the substantial educational disadvantage experienced by Indigenous people is in stark contrast to the goals, policies and objectives contained in the numerous documents on Indigenous education. I then explore the role of governments in contributing to this disparity between documents and outcomes in Indigenous education, including their failure to acknowledge the history of Indigenous and non-Indigenous relations, their lack of commitment to address Indigenous educational disadvantage, their failure to recognise self-determination and the lack of cooperation between governments to address Indigenous educational disadvantage.

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Harrington, Ingrid, and Inga Brasche. "Success Stories from an Indigenous Immersion Primary Teaching Experience in New South Wales Schools." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 40 (2011): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajie.40.23.

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A federal report released by the Department of Families and Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs (FaHCSIA, 2009), entitled Closing the Gap on Indigenous Disadvantage: The Challenge for Australia, highlighted the inequality that exists between Indigenous and non-Indigenous students based on a restricted access to resources, issues of isolation, staff and student retention, and cultural differences and challenges. In New South Wales (NSW), the Department of Education and Training (DET) and the Aboriginal Education Consultative Group (AECG) in 2003/2004 undertook their own review of Aboriginal education in NSW Government schools that revealed significant concerns about the outcomes being achieved by Aboriginal students in NSW DET schools, confirming the more recent FaHCSIA (2009) findings. In 2006 the NSW DET implemented the Enhanced Teacher Training Scholarship Program (ETTSP) to empower 20 final-year education students to successfully engage with Indigenous students in schools and their wider community during their internship period. Using themes, this article explores the experiences of 10 University of New England scholarship holders at the end of their final year of teacher training and immersion/internship experience in 2010. The article puts forward useful recommendations for both teacher universities and students intending to teach in schools with high Indigenous student populations.

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Long, Richard, Vernon Hoeppner, Pamela Orr, Martha Ainslie, Malcolm King, Sylvia Abonyi, Maria Mayan, et al. "Marked Disparity in the Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among Aboriginal Peoples on the Canadian Prairies: the Challenges and Opportunities." Canadian Respiratory Journal 20, no. 4 (2013): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/429496.

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BACKGROUND: While it is established that Aboriginal peoples in the prairie provinces of Canada are disproportionately affected by tuberculosis (TB), little is known about the epidemiology of TB either within or across provincial borders.METHODS: Provincial reporting systems for TB, Statistics Canada censuses and population estimates of Registered Indians provided by Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada were used to estimate the overall (2004 to 2008) and pulmonary (2007 to 2008) TB rates in the prairie provinces. The place of residence at diagnosis of pulmonary TB cases in 2007 to 2008 was also documented.RESULTS: The age- and sex-adjusted incidence of TB in Registered Indians was 52.6 per 100,000 person-years, 38 times higher than in Canadian-born ‘others’. Incidence rates in Registered Indians were highest in Manitoba and lowest in Alberta. In Alberta and Saskatchewan, on-reserve rates were more than twice that of off-reserve rates. Rates in the Métis and Registered Indians were similar in Saskatchewan (50.0 and 52.2 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). In 2007 to 2008, approximately 90% of Canadian-born pulmonary TB cases in the prairie provinces were Aboriginal. Outside of one metropolitan area (Winnipeg, Manitoba), most Registered Indian and Métis pulmonary TB cases were concentrated in a relatively small number of communities north of the 53rd parallel. Rates of pulmonary TB in 11 of these communities were >300 per 100,000 person-years. In Manitoba, 49% of off-reserve Registered Indian pulmonary cases were linked to high-incidence reserve communities.INTERPRETATION: The epidemiology of TB among Aboriginal peoples on the Canadian prairies is markedly disparate. Pulmonary TB is highly focal, which is both a concern and an opportunity.

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McCausland, Ruth. "‘I’m sorry but I can’t take a photo of someone’s capacity being built’: Reflections on evaluation of Indigenous policy and programmes." Evaluation Journal of Australasia 19, no. 2 (June 2019): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035719x19848529.

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The Australian Government has recently increased resourcing for evaluation of Indigenous programmes following critical reports by the Australian National Audit Office and Productivity Commission around their failure to significantly reduce Indigenous disadvantage. Evaluation in Indigenous affairs has a long history, although not a consistent or coordinated one. While there is significant knowledge held by those with experience in commissioning and conducting evaluations for Indigenous programmes over a number of decades that could usefully inform current efforts, there has been little research focused on this area. This article outlines the findings of qualitative research about evaluation in Indigenous policy conducted with policymakers, senior public servants, programme managers, researchers and independent evaluation consultants that sought to privilege the voices and perspectives of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. It outlines key themes derived from those interviews relating to the methods, parameters, politics and accountability around government-commissioned evaluation in Indigenous policy and programmes and concludes by canvassing ways that evaluation could better serve the interests of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.

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Hnidan, Travis. "Treating Water: Engineering and the Denial of Indigenous Water Rights." International Journal of Engineering, Social Justice, and Peace 4 (December 31, 2015): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ijesjp.v4i1-2.5177.

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In 2011, the Department of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada released the National Assessment of First Nations Water and Wastewater Systems as prepared by Neegan Burnside Ltd. This assessment has been largely used by government, media, and Indigenous groups to point to the decrepit state of water and wastewater systems on First Nations reserves across the country, and to advance Senate Government Bill S-8 that seeks to improve conditions in these communities. In this article, I provide a critique of the National Assessment to outline its underlying assimilationist ideology and to demonstrate how technical engineering documents can have political implications. Power is wielded by technocratic discourses like engineering and, in this case, respect for Indigenous rights and sovereignty are at stake when so-called “objective” practices reflect institutional power.

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Bennett, Dawn, Michelle Johnston, Bonita Mason, and Chris Thomson. "Why the where matters: A sense of place imperative for teaching better Indigenous affairs reporting." Pacific Journalism Review 21, no. 2 (October 31, 2015): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v21i2.125.

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Much Indigenous affairs journalism in the Western Australian state capital of Perth reproduces colonial discourse and perpetuates racist stereotypes of Aboriginal people. Against this background the traditional custodians of Perth, the Noongar people, have struggled to find a media voice. Meanwhile, observers in several countries have critiqued a shift from journalism about specific places toward journalism concerned with no place in particular. Spurred by globalisation, this shift has de-emphasised the ‘where?’ question in the ‘what, where, who, why, how and when?’ template of journalistic investigation. Reporting from a project in which journalism students collaborated with Noongar community organisations, we argue that an understanding of Indigenous Australians’ profound connection to place can inform journalists about the underlying character of places about which they report. We suggest that working with Indigenous people can transform the way journalists conceptualise their careers, and help secure a sense of place for Indigenous people in the media. Finally, collaborating with Indigenous people can teach journalists to view their professional practices through a sense of place lens, re-emphasising the ‘where?’ question in its application to both geographic place and the realm of a journalist’s imagination.

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Marcus, Alan R. "Out in the cold: Canada's experimental Inuit relocation to Grise Fiord and Resolute Bay." Polar Record 27, no. 163 (October 1991): 285–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400013048.

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AbstractIn 1953–55 the Canadian government experimentally relocated Inuit (Eskimo) families from the region of Port Harrison (Inukjuak), on Quebec's Ungava peninsula, to Ellesmere and Cornwallis Islands in the Arctic Archipelago. Today Inuit relocatees allege that they were deceived by the government and suffered greatly as a result of the experiment. The government asserts that the relocation was undertaken for humanitarian reasons. The controversy has recently resulted in hearings before a Canadian parliamentary committee on aboriginal affairs and the Human Rights Commission. A study of the relocation issue prepared for the government, known as the ‘Hickling Report’, rejects Inuit claims of mistreatment. In this paper the Hickling report's findings are assessed. Contrary to the report's conclusions, documentation suggests that one of the government's motives for undertaking the relocation pertained to Canadian sovereignty and exercising ‘effective occupation’ of the islands.

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Jacka, Elizabeth. "Review & Booknote: Australian Centre for Independent Journalism, Signposts: A Guide to Reporting Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander and Ethnic Affairs." Media Information Australia 73, no. 1 (August 1994): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9407300124.

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Jull, Peter. "L’Arctique et l’internationalisme inuit." Études internationales 20, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/702463ar.

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The driving force behind Inuit interest in international affairs has been the determination to solve the problems of under-development, environmental damage, social injustice, inadequate legal recognition and limited or non-existent self-government. To assist in the solution of these problems, the Inuit Circumpolar Conference (ICC) was founded in 1977. The Conference, which is presently headed by a Canadian Inuit (Mary Simon), holds a general assembly every three years and serves as the vehicle for overall Inuit identity and interests in the world. This identity has been developed in spite of international boundaries and East-West conflicts. Thus, the next general assembly, to be held in Sisimiut (Green-land) in 1989, will be the first where Soviet Inuit will join their kin from Alaska, Canada and Greenland. They will continue to address such fundamental issues as: the development of an overall Arctic policy ; the protection of the environment; sustainable development; international aboriginal rights; and the ongoing militarization of the Arctic, which is a cause of great concern to all Inuit.

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Keith, Kenneth J. "Roles of the Courts in New Zealand in Giving Effect to International Human Rights - with Some History." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 29, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v29i1.6049.

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The Right Honourable Sir Kenneth Keith was the fourth speaker at the NZ Institute of International Affairs Seminar. In this article he describes and reflects upon the role of courts and judges in relation to the advancement of human rights, an issue covered in K J Keith (ed) Essays on Human Rights (Sweet and Maxwell, Wellington, 1968). The article is divided into two parts. The first part discusses international lawmakers attempting to protect individual groups of people from 1648 to 1948, including religious minorities and foreign traders, slaves, aboriginal natives, victims of armed conflict, and workers. The second part discusses how from 1945 to 1948, there was a shift in international law to universal protection. The author notes that while treaties are not part of domestic law, they may have a constitutional role, be relevant in determining the common law, give content to the words of a statute, help interpret legislation which is in line with a treaty, help interpret legislation which is designed to give general effect to a treaty (but which is silent on the particular matter), and help interpret and affect the operation of legislation to which the international text has no apparent direct relation.

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Preston, Noel. "Confronting Racism's Boundary." Queensland Review 13, no. 1 (January 2006): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600004293.

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The Brisbane of my childhood was monocultural and ethnocentric, a very white affair. Like most Queenslanders of my generation, I had virtually nothing to do with Aborigines and was given little reason to understand their culture or to see the history of the European conquest of this country from their point of view. I certainly had no knowledge of the relationship between Aborigines and police, poisoned as it was by decades of policing which intimidated, imprisoned and eliminated Aboriginal ‘troublemakers’. Nor did I know of the confiscation of children of mixed descent from their Aboriginal mothers. Similarly, I was ignorant of how Queensland's paternalistic protectionist policies had compulsorily detained tens of thousands of Aborigines on ‘missions’ scattered throughout Queensland, an injustice compounded by the practice of quarantining their miserable wages into a ‘welfare fund’ which was used in ways that suited the government bureaucrats of the day.

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Henry, Wade A. "Imagining the Great White Mother and the Great King: Aboriginal Tradition and Royal Representation at the “Great Pow-wow” of 1901." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 11, no. 1 (February 9, 2006): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031132ar.

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Abstract The 1901 Royal Visit to Canada of the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York (the future George V and Queen Mary) was marked by a series of ceremonies, not the least of which was the “Great Pow-wow”, staged by more than 2,000 Natives on a wide plateau outside Calgary. More than just an entertaining spectacle, the Great Pow-wow of 1901 was a hegemonic site in which competing representations of Natives, whites, and royalty converged. Officials from the Department of Indian Affairs sought to repress the expression of traditional Aboriginal culture, while other members of the state and a large segment of the press supported the participation of Natives as living examples of the heritage of British justice in Canada. For white Canadians, the pow-wow was an opportunity to define their own identity and imagine their place, and that of Natives, within the nation. At the same time, Natives used the opportunity to resist symbolic control and to ensure their presence and influence within Canada. Like other royal ceremonies, the Great Pow-wow of 1901 served as a contested site in Indian-white relations as both groups structured, manipulated, and imagined representations of themselves, each other, and above all, the monarchy, in order to both maintain and challenge the hegemonic order.

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Brown, Brandon, Renata Wachowiak-Smolíková, Nicholas D. Spence, Mark P. Wachowiak, and Dan F. Walters. "Why Do Some First Nations Communities Have Safe Water and Others Not? Socioeconomic Determinants of Drinking Water Risk." Global Journal of Health Science 8, no. 9 (January 4, 2016): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n9p99.

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<p>Securing safe and adequate drinking water is an ongoing issue for many Canadian First Nations communities despite nearly 15 years of reports, studies, policy changes, financial commitments, and regulations. The federal drinking water evaluation scheme is narrowly scoped, ignoring community level social factors, which may play a role in access to safe water in First Nations. This research used the 2006 Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada First Nations Drinking Water System Risk Survey data and the Community Well-Being Index, including labour force, education, housing, and income, from the 2006 Census. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Spearman’s correlation, Kendall’s tau correlation, and Pearson’s correlation. Multivariable analysis was conducted using an ordinal (proportional or cumulative odds) regression model. Results showed that the regression model was significant. Community socioeconomic indicators had no relationship with drinking water risk characterization in both the bivariate and multivariable models, with the sole exception of labour force, which had a significantly positive effect on drinking water risk rankings. Socioeconomic factors were not important in explaining access to safe drinking water in First Nations communities. Improvements in the quality of safe water data as well as an examination of other community processes are required to address this pressing policy issue.</p>

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Cahir, Fred, and Dan Tout. "“All that appears possible now is to mitigate as much as possible the trials of their closing years”1: Alfred Deakin's Attitudes to Aboriginal Affairs." Australian Journal of Politics & History 64, no. 2 (May 2, 2018): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajph.12463.

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Finbow, Robert. "Dependents or Dissidents? The Atlantic Provinces in Canada's Constitutional Reform Process, 1967–1992." Canadian Journal of Political Science 27, no. 3 (September 1994): 465–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000842390001787x.

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AbstractThis article reviews the positions taken by the Atlantic provinces in Canadian constitutional reform negotiations over the past 25 years. It is based on public statements and documents and interviews with advisors to Atlantic governments. The stereotypes of regional dependence on federal transfers and conservative political culture are challenged as explanations for Atlantic constitutional positions. Atlantic leaders have not acted as dependents of Ottawa. While seeking to preserve federal authority in fiscal and regional policy, these provinces have sought to make it more responsive through guarantees for equalization and regional development, and through more regionally sensitive intrastate institutions. In some fields, preserved or enhanced provincial authority has been sought. And at key junctures, regional leaders and populations have opposed and blocked federal government preferences. Conservative values are not evident in regional support for rights under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms or aboriginal self-government, among other relatively progressive positions. Differences among these provinces and between individual leaders, plus a shortage of bureaucratic resources in intergovernmental affairs, have limited the coherence and effectiveness of Atlantic interventions at times. While no common regional position has emerged, certain key goals are reasserted frequently. Selected reforms to intrastate institutions and the interstate division of powers have been sought to facilitate the use of both federal and provincial authority to end these provinces’ “have-not” status.

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González Zarandona, José Antonio. "Towards a Theory of Landscape Iconoclasm." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 25, no. 2 (April 23, 2015): 461–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774314001024.

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‘Landscape: the land escapes (1) when we try to seize it with our maps, satellites, geographic information systems and Street Views, land is what evades our surveillance (2) land is the terrain of escape.’ (Cubitt 2012)‘Since the middle of the twentieth century, the claim that something is art does not imply what it might have meant at the end of the nineteenth century, when it was made out to be a hallmark of European high and bourgeois society.’ (Heyd 2012, 287)The destruction of Indigenous rock art sites in the Pilbara district in Western Australia has become a natural sight within the mining landscape of the area. Whilst much of the destruction is explained as acts of vandalism and as a result of the industrial activities that are propelling the Australian economy, I claim that a new theory of iconoclasm is needed to explain fully this disastrous example of heritage conservation. Henceforth, in order to explain the destruction of the Murujuga/Burrup Peninsula petroglyphs, the largest archaeological site in the world, this paper develops the theory of landscape iconoclasm. This theory states that the destruction of Indigenous landscapes can be compared to the destruction of religious images, by analysing the inherent symbolic functions of iconoclasm, together with those of heritage, the better to elucidate the state of affairs in the Murujuga/Burrup Peninsula. Furthermore, by drawing from Aboriginal mythology and art-historical and anthropological theories, the theory of landscape iconoclasm is able to explain the destruction of archaeological sites within a framework that falls outside prevalent discourses of heritage.

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Morrissey, Philip. "Stalking Aboriginal culture: the Wanda Koolmatrie affair." Australian Feminist Studies 18, no. 42 (November 2003): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0816464032000151775.

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DUNCAN, RUSSELL. "Stubborn Indianness: Cultural Persistence, Cultural Change." Journal of American Studies 32, no. 3 (December 1998): 507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875898006021.

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Leland Donald, Aboriginal Slavery on the Northwest Coast of North America (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997, US$40). Pp. 379. ISBN 0 520 20616 9.George W. Dorsey, The Pawnee Mythology (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1997, £20.95). Pp. 546. ISBN 0 8032 6603 0.Frederic W. Gleach, Powhatan's World and Colonial Virginia: A Conflict of Cultures (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1997, £52.50). Pp. 241. ISBN 0 8032 2166 5.Richard G. Hardorff (ed.), Lakota Recollections of the Custer Fight: New Sources of Indian-Military History (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1997, £9.50). Pp. 211. ISBN 0 8032 7293 6.Michael E. Harkin, The Heiltsuks: Dialogues of Culture and History on the Northwest Coast (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1997, £38). Pp. 195. ISBN 0 8032 2379 X.Jean M. O'Brien, Dispossession by Degrees: Indian Land and Identity in Natick, Massachusetts, 1650–1790 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997, £35, US$49.95). Pp. 224. ISBN 0 521 56172 8.Allen W. Trelease, Indian Affairs in Colonial New York: The Seventeenth Century (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1997, £15.95). Pp. 379. ISBN 0 8032 9431 X.In the contemporary United States there are 556 American Indian groups in 400 nations. Given that survival story, the tired myths of the disappearing redman or wandering savage which have distorted our understandings of Indian history are being revised. The reasons for our nearly four-century-long gullibility are manifold. The religion of winners and losers, saints and sinners, combined effectively with the scientific racism inherent sine qua non in the secular beliefs of winners and losers expressed through Linnaean and Darwinian conceptions of order and evolution. After colonizers cast their imperial gaze through lenses made of the elastic ideology of “City Upon a Hill,” “Manifest Destiny,” “Young America,” and “White Man's Burden,” most Euro-Americans rationalized a history and present in survival of the fittest terms. By 1900, the near-holocaust of an estimated ten million Indians left only 200,000 survivors invisible in an overall population of 76 million. The 1990 census count of two million Native Americans affirms resilience not extinction.

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Kinkley, Jeffrey C. "The Monster That Is History: History, Violence, and Fictional Writing in Twentieth-Century China. By David Der-Wei Wang. [Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 2004. 402 pp. ISBN 0-520-23140-6.]." China Quarterly 182 (June 2005): 439–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741005270261.

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This celebration of modern Chinese literature is a tour de force, David Wang's third major summation in English. He is even more prolific in Chinese. Wang's command of the creative and critical literatures is unrivalled.Monster's subject is “the multivalence of Chinese violence across the past century”: not 1960s “structural violence” or postcolonial “epistemic violence,” but hunger, suicide, anomie, betrayal (though not assassination or incarceration), and “the violence of representation”: misery that reflects or creates monstrosity in history. Monster thus comments on “history and memory,” like Ban Wang's and Yomi Braester's recent efforts, although for historical reasons modern Chinese literature studies are allergic to historical and sociological methodologies.Monster is comparative, mixing diverse – sometimes little read – post-May Fourth and Cold War-era works with pieces from the 19th and 20th fins de siècle. Each chapter is a free associative rhapsody (sometimes brilliant, sometimes tedious; often neo-Freudian), evoking, from a recurring minor detail as in new historicist criticism, a major binary trope or problematic for Wang to “collapse” or blur. His forte is making connections between works. The findings: (1) decapitation (loss of a “head,” or guiding consciousness?) in Chinese fiction betokens remembering or “re-membering” (of the severed), as in an unfinished Qing novel depicting beheaded Boxers, works by Lu Xun and Shen Congwen, and Wuhe's 2000 commemoration of a 1930 Taiwanese aboriginal uprising; (2) justice is poetic, but equals punishment, even crime, in late Qing castigatory novels, Bai Wei, and several Maoist writers; (3) in revolutionary literature, love and revolution blur, as do love affairs in life with those in fiction; (4) hunger, indistinct from anorexia, is excess; witness “starved” heroines of Lu Xun, Lu Ling, Eileen Chang and Chen Yingzhen; (5) remembering scars creates scars, as in socialist realism, Taiwan's anticommunist fiction, and post-Mao scar literature; (6) in fiction about evil (late Ming and late Qing novels; Jiang Gui), inhumanity is all too human and sex blurs with politics; (7) suicide can be a poet's immortality, from Wang Guowei to Gu Cheng; (8) cultural China's most creative new works invoke ghosts again, obscuring lines between the human, the “real,” and the spectral.

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Langton, Marcia. "The Hindmarsh Island Bridge affair: How aboriginal women's religion became an administerable affair." Australian Feminist Studies 11, no. 24 (October 1996): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08164649.1996.9994819.

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Herbert, Jeannie. "Gender Issues for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Girls—Exploring Issues for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island Boys." Aboriginal Child at School 23, no. 2 (June 1995): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0310582200006441.

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AbstractThis Workshop paper was presented at the Ministerial Council on Employment, Education, Training and Youth Affair s (MCEETYA) Gender Equity Taskforce Promoting Gender Equity Conference 22-24 February 1995 held in Canberra and attended by advisers to various State/Territory governments, academics and some school-based educators, on gender issues.

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47

Lee, David. "Labor, the External Affairs Power and the Rights of Aborigines." Labour History 120, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jlh.2021.4.

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The Australian Constitution gave the Commonwealth not a “treaty power” but a vague power over “external affairs,” the precise meaning of which was elusive for most of the twentieth century. From the 1930s, Labor judges and politicians such as H. V. Evatt saw its potential to extend Commonwealth power by legislating international agreements throughout Australia. The non-Labor parties rejected the idea of using the “external affairs” power to legislate in areas formerly the responsibility of the states but the federal Labor Party continued in the Evatt tradition. After significant uncertainties, the Whitlam government used the external affairs power to pass the Racial Discrimination Act 1975, the first significant human rights legislation in the country, which in turn had a profound effect on the law of the land in the country by making the second Mabo Case possible.

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Porch, Nick, and Jim Allen. "Tasmania: archaeological and palaeo-ecological perspectives." Antiquity 69, no. 265 (1995): 714–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00082296.

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Tasmania, at the south of the land-mass, experienced the Glacial Maximum as a properly cold affair. Recent archaeological work, some in country now difficult of human access, has developed an intricate story of changing adaptations. At the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary, a major reorganization of Aboriginal adaptation strategies is seen in the archaeological record, argued to follow late-Pleistocene environmental amelioration.

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Nimick, Thomas G. "The Treatises on Military Affairs of the Ming Dynastic History (1368–1644): An Annotated Translation of the Treatises on Military Affairs Chapter 89 and Chapter 90, Supplemented by the Treatises on Military Affairs of the Draft of the Ming Dynastic History, A Documentation of Ming-Qing Historiography and the Decline and Fall of the Ming Empire. By Liew Foon Ming. Hamburg: OAG, 1998. Part I: Mingshi bingzhi yizhu yu kaozheng, juan 89–90. v, 461 pp. Part II: Locations and Years of Establishment of the Weisuo-Garrisons and Aboriginal Commissions in the Ming Empire Proper and in Border Regions, iv, 407 pp." Journal of Asian Studies 60, no. 1 (February 2001): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2659521.

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Bottorff, Joan L., Joy L. Johnson, Joanne Carey, Peter Hutchinson, Debbie Sullivan, Roberta Mowatt, and Dennis Wardman. "A Family Affair: Aboriginal Women’s Efforts to Limit Second-hand Smoke Exposure at Home." Canadian Journal of Public Health 101, no. 1 (January 2010): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03405558.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Aboriginal Affairs'

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