Journal articles on the topic 'Abdominal digestive organs'
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1
Coffey, J. Calvin, Dara Walsh, Kevin G. Byrnes, Werner Hohenberger, and Richard J. Heald. "Mesentery — a ‘New’ organ." Emerging Topics in Life Sciences 4, no. 2 (June 15, 2020): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/etls20200006.
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The mesentery is the organ in which all abdominal digestive organs develop, and which maintains these in systemic continuity in adulthood. Interest in the mesentery was rekindled by advancements of Heald and Hohenberger in colorectal surgery. Conventional descriptions hold there are multiple mesenteries centrally connected to the posterior midline. Recent advances first demonstrated that, distal to the duodenojejunal flexure, the mesentery is a continuous collection of tissues. This observation explained how the small and large intestines are centrally connected, and the anatomy of the associated peritoneal landscape. In turn it prompted recategorisation of the mesentery as an organ. Subsequent work demonstrated the mesentery remains continuous throughout development, and that abdominal digestive organs (i.e. liver, spleen, intestine and pancreas) develop either on, or in it. This relationship is retained into adulthood when abdominal digestive organs are directly connected to the mesentery (i.e. they are ‘mesenteric' in embryological origin and anatomical position). Recognition of mesenteric continuity identified the mesenteric model of abdominal anatomy according to which all abdominal abdomino-pelvic organs are organised into either a mesenteric or a non-mesenteric domain. This model explains the positional anatomy of all abdominal digestive organs, and associated vasculature. Moreover, it explains the peritoneal landscape and enables differentiation of peritoneum from the mesentery. Increased scientific focus on the mesentery has identified multiple vital or specialised functions. These vary across time and in anatomical location. The following review demonstrates how recent advances related to the mesentery are re-orientating the study of human biology in general and, by extension, clinical practice.
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Kehoe, F. Patrick, C. Davison Ankney, and Ray T. Alisauskas. "Effects of dietary fiber and diet diversity on digestive organs of captive Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 7 (July 1, 1988): 1597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-233.
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We studied the effects of dietary fiber, of plant versus animal diets, and of diet diversity on the digestive organ morphology of captive Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). Four experimental diets were used: whole corn (low fiber, plant), trout chow (low fiber, primarily animal), rabbit chow (high fiber, plant), and a diverse diet consisting of each of the preceding diets fed daily in random order. Every 5 days for 25 days, we sampled birds from each diet group (N = 6–8) and weighed each bird and its abdominal fat, gizzard, ceca, small intestine, and liver, and then measured its ceca and small intestine length. Other than differences explained by their different body sizes, the sex of the birds had no effect on gut measurements. Changes in body weight and abdominal fat weight suggested that Mallards existed equally well on each of the four diets, presumably because changes in their digestive organs allowed them to have similar digestive efficiencies when eating different diets. Birds on the high fiber diet had the largest digestive organs, but birds on all diets showed changes in digestive organs. The diverse diet produced effects on digestive organ morphology similar to those of the two low-fibre diets. Except for a larger gizzard for macerating corn in birds on that diet, there was no difference in the digestive organs between birds eating animal foods and those eating low fiber plant foods. The maximum weight of gizzard, intestine, and ceca of birds on the high fiber diet was reached in 10 days. However, ceca and intestine lengths of these birds were still increasing after 25 days. This observation suggests that birds can continue to respond to a change in diet after limits to the mass of their digestive organs have been reached.
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Kachaeva, A. P. "On the associated disorders of intestinal function in tuberculous mesoadenitis according to clinical and radiological data." Kazan medical journal 50, no. 4 (March 31, 2022): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj101040.
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Due to the polymorphism of abdominal pain syndrome, tuberculous mesoadenitis refers to difficult-to-diagnose diseases. It often occurs under the "mask" of chronic appendicitis and other diseases of the abdominal cavity. The cause of various digestive disorders accompanying tuberculous mesoadenitis are combined disorders of the function of various digestive organs.
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Stevic, R. S., D. M. Masulovic, D. M. Jovanovic, Dj Z. Saranovic, A. S. Djuric-Stefanovic, T. L. Stosic-Opincal, and Z. Markovic. "Thoracic manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 54, no. 3 (2007): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci0703021s.
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Variety of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) changes that have their manifestation in thorax, disable their detailed review. Therefore, this article, represents short and overall overview of these conditions. Standard chest x-ray can reveal esophageal disorders, herniation of abdominal organs into thorax, signs of GIT organs perforation, subphrenic abscess. Numerous diseases of intrabadominal organs of digestive tract can spread to the thorax, either per continuitatem or by lymphogenous or hemaotgenous dissemination. Therefore, chest x-ray is obliged by investigation of abdominal organs. If it is necessary additional diagnostic procedures are performed to confirm or exclude the association of lung or pleura features with GIT disorders. Above mentioned, just confirm that chest x-ray is first in algorithm of diagnostic procedures in these pathologic conditions. If there is any suspicion to conditions that require patients treatment, additional imaging methods like computerized tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US) and barium enema of digestive tract are necessary.
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Kaneko, Osamu. "The arterial distribution to the abdominal digestive organs in human fetuses." Journal of Nippon Medical School 57, no. 5 (1990): 448–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1272/jnms1923.57.448.
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Knezevic, Miroslav, and Ljubomir Djurasic. "Sewing needle in the small omentum after ingestion of unknown date." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 62, no. 2 (2015): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci1502057k.
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Sewing needle inside of the abdominal cavity after ingestion, is described in a minority of cases, according to reviewed literature. Swallowed foreign body is more common in children, persons deprived of their liberty and psychiatric patients. It frequently passes asymptomatic by elimination from the digestive tract. The patient J.P. 75 years old from Bar, hospitalized at the department because of metallic foreign bodie - sewing needle in the abdominal cavity. X-ray native abdominal, MDCT of the abdomen and EGDS in consultation with gastroenterologist from Clinical Center in Podgorica, is made outpatient. After treatment the patient was operated on 19th November, 2013 by the classic laparotomy and after the expected recovery, without complications discharged. Foreign body in the omentum can arrive from the digestive tube migration and penetration through the abdominal wall. In some organs of the abdominal cavity, such as the liver can come through bloodstream. Perforation of the GI tract occurs in less than 1% of cases, mainly through the digestive tube runs without problems in about a week. The migration of a sewing needle through the stomach can cause a state of emergency abdominal or can go through asymptomatic. Treatment is traditionally classical laparotomy, while today there are more works that favor the laparoscopic method. The rarity of surgical practice that has been treated laparotomy and removing foreign bodies. Today, more and more works where the extraction of foreign bodies from the abdominal cavity is made by the laparoscopic method.
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Stepchenkov, Roman Petrovich. "Abdominal pain: finding the cause and selecting tactics." Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine), no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2107-04.
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Abdominal pain is one of the most common symptoms that family doctors have to deal with in their practice. In the vast majority of cases, the patient considers abdominal pain to be the sign of a disturbance in the digestive system; however, in fact, any organ — the spleen, bladder, organs of the genitourinary system, and sometimes even the heart — can be the «culprit» causing the pain syndrome. Therefore, the family doctor is often faced with a rather difficult task — to carry out a differential diagnosis of abdominal pain and choose the right tactics for further treatment. By its nature, the pain can be acute and chronic, associated or not associated with food intake, arising periodically, having a cramping character or constant. Depending on the localization, it is divided into pain in the epigastric region, pain in the middle and lower abdomen. Often it is the localization of pain that helps to make the correct diagnosis.
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Putra, Yuliaji Narendra, Tubagus Odih Rhomdani Wahid, Guntur Surya Alam, and Rohadi Rohadi. "Bochdalek Hernia." JBN (Jurnal Bedah Nasional) 2, no. 2 (September 20, 2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jbn.2018.v02.i02.p01.
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Background: Bochdalek hernia is a congenital defect on posterolateral diaphragm with an abnormal connection between the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity. This disease causes protrusion of abdominal organs into the thoracic cavity. Case: an 8-day-old baby girl admitted to hospital with shortness of breath 24 hours after delivered. The baby was born spontaneously assisted by midwife. Upon born, the baby was crying strongly and meconium came out 2 hours after birth. On physical examination, the abdomen was inspected flat. Darm contour and darm steifung was observed, and peristaltic sound was heard on left lung. Radiological examination demonstrated a diaphragmatic hernia with ileus obstruction. The patient underwent laparatomy and stomach, ileum, transverse colon, and spleen, was found on foramen Bochdalek. Post-surgery chest X Ray showed favourable result. Ten days after treatment, the patient was discharged in a good condition with no respiratory or digestive problems. After 1 months the patient’s condition remained good and there were no respiratory or digestive complaints. Conclusion: In a rare case like Bochadalek hernia, laparotomy performed as a promising attempt to return the anatomic position of organ.
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Godinjak, Zulfo, Edin Idrizbegović, and Kerim Begić. "Laparoscopy After Previous Laparotomy." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 6, no. 4 (November 20, 2006): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2006.3119.
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Following the abdominal surgery, extensive adhesions often occur and they can cause difficulties during laparoscopic operations. However, previous laparotomy is not considered to be a contraindication for laparoscopy. The aim of this study is to present that an insertion of Veres needle in the region of umbilicus is a safe method for creating a pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic operations after previous laparotomy. In the last three years, we have performed 144 laparoscopic operations in patients that previously underwent one or two laparotomies. Pathology of digestive system, genital organs, Cesarean Section or abdominal war injuries were the most common causes of previouslaparotomy. During those operations or during entering into abdominal cavity we have not experienced any complications, while in 7 patients we performed conversion to laparotomy following the diagnostic laparoscopy. In all patients an insertion of Veres needle and trocar insertion in the umbilical region was performed, namely a technique of closed laparoscopy. Not even in one patient adhesions in the region of umbilicus were found, and no abdominal organs were injured.
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Artyushina, Zinaida S. "Ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of "colic" in horses." Veterinariya, Zootekhniya i Biotekhnologiya 3, no. 100 (2022): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202203002.
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Differential diagnostics of pathologies of the digestive system of horses accompanied by the picture of true colic is an urgent problem of modern veterinary medicine. Ultrasonography is a reliable non-invasive method of diagnostics of digestive tract pathologies in horses at urgent conditions. The article suggests the improved method of express scanning of the abdominal cavity of horses which consists of its division into zones limited by lines drawn through the anatomic landmarks (macrosculpture, sciatic tubercle, shoulder and scapular junction). Zones of anatomico-topographic and pathological diagnostic findings were determined. The ultrasonographic pictures of the abdominal cavity organs in norm and at pathologies of the digestive system accompanying with the symptomcomplex of true colic are compared in the work. Ultrasound allows for the diagnosis of acute dilation and rupture of the stomach, rupture of the cecum, the movement of the large colon into the renal-spleen space, intestinal abscess, diaphragmatic, inguinal, umbilical hernia, violation of patency of the small intestine. By means of ultrasonography it is possible to determine the presence of edema of the intestinal wall, its diameter and character of its contents, as well as atony and hypotony; it gives real-time insight into the state of intestinal motility and the presence and character of perineal fluid. The aim of the present study was to choose the optimal protocol for abdominal screening to determine the condition of the animal in emergency cases, i.e. urgent conditions with suspected pathology of the digestive system.
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Mikhaylova, J. V., I. M. Son, and K. A. Muravev. "Dynamics of the volume and structure of hospital admissions for emergency indications in surgical hospitals of the Stavropol territory with disorders of the digestive organs." Kazan medical journal 93, no. 1 (February 15, 2012): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2165.
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Aim. To determine the volume and structure of hospital admissions for emergency indications in the surgical hospitals of the Stavropol Territory, of the North Caucasus Federal District and of the Russian Federation with disorders of the digestive organs over a 10-year period. Methods. Conducted was a comparative analysis of the volume and structure of hospital admissions for emergency indications in surgical hospitals over a 10-year period. Results. The number of individuals admitted to Russian hospitals for emergency medical treatment for disorders of the digestive system from 2001 to 2010 has increased by 4.6%. There was a significant reduction in the number of cases of acute appendicitis and perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers, while the share of acute pancreatitis and acute intestinal obstruction increased. Conclusion. Acute pancreatitis, appendicitis and cholecystitis - are the most common emergency conditions in the Stavropol Territory in the pathology of the organs of the abdominal cavity.
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Koukalová, Renata, Jiří Vašina, Jiří Štika, Michael Doubek, and Petr Szturz. "Aggressive systemic mastocytosis with diffuse bone marrow 18F-FDG uptake." Nuklearmedizin - NuclearMedicine 61, no. 01 (October 29, 2021): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1650-9704.
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AbstractMastocytosis is a clonal hematopoietic disorder characterized by proliferation of abnormal mast cells in various organs including the skin, digestive system, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. We report on a 75-year-old woman presenting with abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhoea, myalgia, and weight loss. Abdominal CT showed hepatosplenomegaly with heterogeneous splenic parenchyma, lymphadenopathy, and osteopenia with areas of osteosclerosis but no primary tumour. An 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed an overall low metabolic activity of the lesions with a diffuse bone marrow involvement raising suspicion of a haematological neoplasm. Subsequently, bone marrow and peripheral blood examinations confirmed the diagnosis of aggressive systemic mastocytosis.
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Сапожников, Vladimir Sapozhnikov, Воробьева, and A. Vorobeva. "The objective criteria of chronic diseases of digestive system in children (literature review)." Journal of New Medical Technologies. eJournal 9, no. 1 (April 17, 2015): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7593.
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Recently, in Russia the number of children with chronic inflammatory diseases of the digestive system grows steadily. Chronic diseases of the digestive system in children often begin in pre-school and school age. This article discusses the objective criteria of the chronic diseases of the digestive system in children. This pathology is an important social and medical problem among children. Today, there are many children with digestive pathology. The leading is gastro-duodenal pathology. Analysis of the above data shows the high complexity of the diagnostic evaluation of different symptoms that can only be detected on palpation of the anterior abdominal wall in children with combined pathology of the organs of the gastro-duodenal zone. This is due to the co-morbidity of development of pathological process. On the other part, however, the authors observed a logical relation in the frequency of occurrence of these or other symptoms depending on the extent and nature of the lesion of the stomach, duodenum, biliary system, pancreas in children. This again underlines the importance of improving instrumental methods in children with disorders of the digestive system.
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Konno, Hiroyuki, Hiroshi Kaneko, Takashi Hachiya, Yuji Yaruo, Tatsuo Tanaka, Shohati Suzuki, Satoshi Nakamura, and Shozo Baba. "Surgical management for a malignancy of the digestive organs accompanied with an abdominal aortic aneurysm." Surgery Today 28, no. 9 (September 1998): 988–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005950050269.
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Miyamoto, Tsutomu, Keiko Ishii, Ryouichi Asaka, Akihisa Suzuki, Akiko Takatsu, Hiroyasu Kashima, and Tanri Shiozawa. "Immunohistochemical expression of keratan sulfate: a possible diagnostic marker for carcinomas of the female genital tract." Journal of Clinical Pathology 64, no. 12 (August 11, 2011): 1058–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2011-200231.
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AimsThe authors previously reported the expression of keratan sulfate (KS), a glycosaminoglycan, in the epithelium of normal and neoplastic endometria. The aim of this study was to evaluate its potential use as a diagnostic marker, and the expression of KS was investigated in other human epithelial tissues.MethodsExpression was examined immunohistochemically using 102 samples of normal epithelia and 110 samples of carcinomas from the female genital tract (FGT; cervix, endometrium, ovary, fallopian tube), digestive organs (gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, liver), urinary tract, lung, mammary gland, thyroid and mesothelium.ResultsIn normal tissues, KS was consistently detected in the FGT and ectopic endometrium (25/26), but was not found in the digestive organs (1/42) and urinary tract (0/6), and was only partly detected in the lung (7/10), mammary gland (3/9) and thyroid (4/4). In malignant tissues, KS was consistently observed in carcinomas of the endometrium, ovary and fallopian tube (29/32), and was partly detected in carcinomas of the lung, mammary gland, thyroid, pancreas and mesothelium, but was absent in carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract (0/17), liver (0/5) and urinary tract (0/11). Among carcinomas of the FGT, digestive organs and urinary tract, KS positivity suggested the possibility of FGT carcinomas, with 79.5% (31/39) sensitivity and 92.9% (39/42) specificity.ConclusionsKS is a potentially useful marker for the supportive diagnosis of the primary site of metastatic carcinomas or unknown primary carcinomas, especially in the abdominal cavity.
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Prusakov, A. V., and A. V. Yashin. "Features of the course and branching of the abdominal artery of a domestic cat." Issues of Legal Regulation in Veterinary Medicine, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-6023.2021.4.146.
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Diseases of the digestive organs in animals are quite common. They account for from 40.0 to 50.0 percent of all diseases with non-infectious pathology. Assessment of the possible consequences of the above-mentioned pathological processes, as well as the appointment of adequate treatment is extremely difficult without clear knowledge of the peculiarities of blood supply to internal organs. In connection with the above, the purpose of the study is to establish the features of the course and branching of the abdominal artery in a domestic cat. The material for the study was the corpses of ten cats aged eight to twelve years, excluding Maine Coon cats. The study was carried out using the method of vasorentgenography. The injection of the vascular bed was carried out through the abdominal aorta according to the generally accepted method. The injection mass was made according to the recipe: 1 part lead meerkat, 8 parts turpentine, 2 parts glycerin. After coagulation of the injection mass by performing a fine anatomical dissection, an organ complex was extracted from the corpse, including: the stomach with the final part of the esophagus and the initial part of the duodenum, pancreas and liver. X-ray shooting of the obtained preparations was carried out under the following technical conditions: current - 50 mA; tube voltage - 35 kV; focal length up to 50-60 cm; exposure - up to 1.5-3.0 seconds. Digital processing of the obtained images in order to determine morphometric parameters was carried out using the RadiAnt DICOM Viewer software. It was found that the abdominal artery in a domestic cat carries arterial blood to the stomach, liver and pancreas. On its way, it gives rise to the splenic, left gastric and common hepatic arteries, which, branching many times, form a number of intra-systemic anastomoses that form the pathways of collateral blood flow of the above organs.
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Usenko, O., Ya Voitiv, and S. Shcherbyna. "Method of diagnostics of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia." Bukovinian Medical Herald 25, no. 2(98) (August 26, 2021): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2413-0737.xxv.2.98.2021.18.
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Objective – to develop a method for diagnosing undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) in patients with surgical pathology.Material and methods. The object of the study comprises 96 patients with surgical pathology who were treated in the department of thoracoabdominal surgery of the Shalimov National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology during 2017-2020 and 20 practically healthy people (comparison group). Laboratory, instrumental, histological, immunohistochemical studies and statistical analysis were performed.Results. The developed method contains an assessment of the most informative phenotypic and visceral signs of connective tissue pathology. The main attention is paid to the features that characterize the visceral manifestations of UDCT, especially functional and morphological changes of the digestive organs, which is extremely important in abdominal surgery. Ultrasonography is used to analyze the width of the white line of the abdomen and the condition of the abdominal and retroperitoneal organs, determining the presence of diastase of the rectus abdominis and splanchnoptosis. Studies of the effectiveness of the proposed method have shown that it can be used to diagnose UDCT in patients with surgical pathology, which is necessary to select effective treatment tactics and prevent complications in such patients.Conclusions. A method for diagnosing undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia has been developed, which evaluates the most informative phenotypic signs of connective tissue pathology and considers the peculiarities of pathology in patients of a surgical hospital.
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Bochkova, T. V., and A. Kh Gainullin. "Autoplasma as a Hemostatic Agent for Endoscopic Surgery of Hollow Organs." Creative surgery and oncology 10, no. 3 (November 30, 2020): 212–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24060/2076-3093-2020-10-3-212-216.
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Introduction. To maximize the effectiveness of hemostatic technologies, it is necessary to optimize local hemostasis through hybrid and controlled approaches, as well as to improve the conditions for tissue surgical dissection preventing perforation of hollow organs. This study is aimed at assessing the efficacy of stopping bleeding and the safety of resection of digestive hollow organs in experimental models of trauma to abdominal organs in laboratory animals.Materials and methods. Experiments were carried out in vivo on 20 rabbits. All animals were divided into 4 experimental groups (5 animals each): I — the control group, in which no methods for stopping bleeding were used; II — the group, in which infiltration of the wall of a hollow organ with saline solution was used; III — the group, in which physical hemostasis was applied using an electrosurgical unit and an argon plasma coagulation apparatus; IV — the group, animals in which underwent controlled local biological hemostasis using autoplasma. Prior to laparotomy, 2–3 ml of whole blood was taken from the rabbit’s ear for preliminary preparation of autoplasma. The prepared autoplasma was introduced into the area of resection or other operation of the mucous membrane of the rabbit’s digestive tract.Results and discussion. Although no statistical difference in the time of stopping bleeding was observed between the control (I) and saline (II) groups, one more episode of bleeding was noted in group II. Preventive local administration of autoplasma (group IV) was established to have a high hemostatic potential. As expected, electrocoagulation was more effective than saline; however, hemostasis achieved by means of argon plasma coagulation is characterized by rapid formation of a necrotic zone, which may lead to undesirable consequences in the long-term period.Conclusion. Preventive local administration of autoplasma and recombinant human protein has a high hemostatic potential in animals. In comparison, electrocoagulation is less effective due to the rapid filling of the pathological focus with blood.
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Bunni, J., J. C. Coffey, and M. F. Kalady. "Resectional surgery for malignant disease of abdominal digestive organs is not surgery of the organ itself, but also that of the mesenteric organ." Techniques in Coloproctology 24, no. 7 (April 2, 2020): 757–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10151-020-02197-7.
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Kozlovsky, A. A., S. K. Lozovik, N. A. Pokulnevich, and E. G. Zubovich. "CLINICAL MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF UPPER DIGESTIVE TRACT SEGMENTS IN CHILDREN OF GOMEL REGION." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 1 (March 28, 2013): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2013-10-1-16.
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To analyze the clinical features, morphological changes and diagnostic methods of Helicobacter pylori infection in upper digestive tract segments, 121 children aged from 7 to 16 have been examined. It was determined that these diseases were more common for children over 10 and there was a tendency for their increase in girls aged 14-16 in comparison with boys. In clinical practice, there were more cases of children who had abdominal pains of unknown origin unrelated to meals. During the clinical examination 80 per cent of the patients revealed dyspeptic phenomena. The prevalence of combined pathology of digestive organs is very high: 93,4 % children revealed functional diseases of biliary tract in the form of dyskinesia. It is advisable to use the combination of serological and morphological diagnostic methods to diagnose Helicobacter pylori in connection of their partial correspondence.
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Akhmetzyanov, F. Sh, N. A. Valiev, V. I. Egorov, and M. I. Shaymardanov. "The option of surgery for gastric stump cancer in patients who have previously undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy." Kazan medical journal 102, no. 1 (February 10, 2021): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2021-100.
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Gastric stump cancer is a carcinoma which forms no earlier than 5years after surgery for benign disease. The incidence ranges from 2.4 to 5% among patients with stomach cancer. Previous operations lead to the emergence of an adhesive process in the abdominal cavity, changes in the anatomy and topography of the abdominal organs, as well as the development of new ways of lymph outflow. These factors lead to the re-surgery becomes technically more complicated and requires high professional training from the surgeon. Of particular surgical interest is the issue of restoration of the digestive tract, which directly depends on the nature and volume of the previous surgery. In this paper, the authors describe cases of surgical treatment of gastric stump cancer in two patients, who had previously undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy.
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Gildestad, Trude, Tone Bjørge, Øystein A. Haaland, Kari Klungsøyr, Stein E. Vollset, and Nina Øyen. "Maternal use of folic acid and multivitamin supplements and infant risk of birth defects in Norway, 1999–2013." British Journal of Nutrition 124, no. 3 (April 2, 2020): 316–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114520001178.
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AbstractThe association between folic acid supplementation and birth defects other than neural tube defects (NTD) remains unclear. We used a log-binomial regression model to investigate if periconceptional folic acid and/or multivitamin use was associated with birth defects in Norway with prospectively collected data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBRN) during 1999–2013. We used the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT) classification system to define eleven organ-specific major birth defect groups (nervous system, eye, ear–face–neck, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, oral clefts, digestive system, abdominal wall, urinary system, genital organs and limb), with additional subgroups. Fetuses or infants whose mothers used folic acid and/or multivitamin supplements before and during pregnancy were classified as exposed. During the years 1999–2013, 888 294 (99·0 %) live-born infants, 6633 (0·7 %) stillborn infants and 2135 (0·2 %) fetuses from terminated pregnancies due to fetal anomalies were registered in the MBRN. Among the live- and stillborn infants of women who used vitamin supplements compared with infants of non-users, the adjusted relative risk (aRR) was 0·94 (95 % CI 0·91, 0·98) for total birth defects (n 18 382). Supplement use was associated with reduced risk of abdominal wall defects (aRR 0·58; 95 % CI 0·42, 0·80, n 377), genital organ defects (aRR 0·81; 95 % CI 0·72, 0·91, n 2299) and limb defects (aRR 0·81; 95 % CI 0·74, 0·90, n 3409). Protective associations were also suggested for NTD, respiratory system defects and digestive system defects although CI included the null value of 1. During the full study period, statistically significant associations between supplement use and defects in the eye, ear–face–neck, heart or oral clefts were not observed.
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Kovtun, M. F., I. O. Lykova, and L. P. Kharchenko. "The Plasticity and Morphofunctional Organization of the Digestive System of Waders (Charadrii) as Migrants." Vestnik Zoologii 52, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 417–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2018-0043.
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Abstract The results of the macro-micromorphological structure of the digestive system of the waders and comparative analysis with the migrants of the Aves are presented. It was revealed that the digestive system of waders at the anatomical level has a universal structure typical for representatives of class Aves. As a result of histological studies of the structure of the digestive tract, it was found that the feature of the wall of the waders small intestine is the dense location of the crypt in its own plate of the mucous membrane throughout its length. High proliferative capacity of cambial crypt cells and their multilayered location provide high secretory and regenerative activity of enterocytes, which helps to restore the mucous membrane and intensify the digestive processes, especially during the active feeding of the waders at the migration stopover points. At this time, the length and mass of the intestine, the mass of the stomach and the liver increase, what is considered as a reaction to a large number of feeds in the intensive feeding of birds and indicates the plasticity of their digestive system. It is shown that the change in the morphometric parameters of the waders digestive system organs depending on the migration situation is an integral part of the adaptive mechanism of the migratory birds, which provides the basic need of the organism - fat accumulation. Th e content of general liver lipids, abdominal fat and thoracic muscles in 6 species of tundra warblers with varying degrees of fat accumulation at the migration stopover points in the Azov-Black Sea region was studied.
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Alonso de Vega, Francisco Domingo, Moisés Gonzálvez, Carlos Martínez-Carrasco, Pablo Gambín, and María del Rocío Ruiz de Ybáñez. "Helmintos gastrointestinales en liebres (Lepus granatensis) del sureste de la Península Ibérica." Anales de Veterinaria de Murcia 34 (December 16, 2020): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesvet.356601.
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La liebre ibérica (Lepus granatensis) es un mamífero ubicuo en la península ibérica con importantes implicaciones ecológicas y económicas. Para conocer el estatus sanitario de esta especie, se han estudiado la cavidad abdominal y órganos del aparato digestivo de 85 liebres ibéricas procedentes del Altiplano de la Región de Murcia (sureste de España). La prevalencia total de helmintos hallada fue del 87,7%, siendo la prevalencia de nematodos del 82,2%, la de metacestodos del 44,7% y, en el caso de las formas adultas de cestodos, del 5,9%. Las especies de nematodos encontradas fueron Nematodiroides zembrae (78.8%), Passalurus ambiguus (9,4%) y Trichostrongylus retortaeformis (2,4%), en tanto que las especies de cestodos detectadas fueron Cittotaenia denticulata (5,9%) y Cysticercus pisiformis (44,7%). Los resultados obtenidos demuestran la existencia de una relación positiva entre la intensidad de parasitación de N. zembrae y la presencia de C. pisiformis. The abdominal cavity and digestive organs of 85 Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis) from the Altiplano of the Region of Murcia (southeastern Spain) were studied. The overall prevalence of helminths was 87.7%, including nematodes (82.2% of prevalence), metacestodes (44.7%) and adult cestodes (5.9%). Three nematode species were found: Nematodiroides zembrae (78.8%), Passalurus ambiguus (9.4%) and Trichostrongylus retortaeformis (2.4%), while two cestode species were detected: Cittotaenia denticulata (5.9%) and Cysticercus pisiformis (44.7%). Our results show a positive relationship between N. zembrae intensity and the presence of C. pisiformis.
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Nychytailo, M. Yu. "Abdominal sepsis." Infusion & Chemotherapy, no. 3.2 (December 15, 2020): 231–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32902/2663-0338-2020-3.2-231-233.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Sepsis is a life-threatening acute organ dysfunction that occurs as a result of dysregulation of the macroorganism’s response to infection. Septic shock is a variant of sepsis characterized by the circulatory failure, manifested by hypotension and increased lactate levels >2 mmol/L despite adequate infusion, which requires the administration of vasopressors to maintain average blood pressure >65 mm Hg.
Objective. To describe the management of patients with abdominal sepsis.
Materials and methods. Analysis of literature data on this topic.
Results and discussion. Complicated intra-abdominal infection (IAI) is the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in a usually sterile abdominal cavity, usually due to the perforation of the hollow organs. Uncomplicated IAI involves transmural inflammation of the digestive tract, which does not spread beyond the hollow organ. If uncomplicated IAI are not treated, there is a possibility that they will progress to complicated ones. Measures to control the source of infection include the drainage of abscesses or places of accumulation of infected fluid, removal of necrotic infected tissues and restoration of the anatomy and functions of the affected area. Several multivariate studies have found that failure to adequately control the source of infection is a risk factor for adverse outcomes and death in patients with IAI. Surviving sepsis and other recommendations also support the need for early control of the source of infection. In a study by B. Tellor et al. (2012) mortality was 9.5 % among individuals with adequate control of the infection source and 33.3 % among patients who failed to achieve such control. In some situations, it is advisable to manage patients conservatively. Thus, in appendicular infiltration, most studies have demonstrated the benefits of conservative management (Andersson R.E., Petzold M.G., 2007). Management of IAI without final control of the primary source is possible in cases where the organism has already overcome the infection, and surgery can only increase the number of complications. In general, patients with localized infections may need less invasive management. Thus, percutaneous drainage can be used for localized accumulations of fluid in the abdominal cavity. 80-92 % of drainage procedures are successful on the first attempt. <5 % of patients require surgical treatment. Such drainage procedures are used in infected pancreatic necrosis, and the final debridement of the infection source may be delayed. In critically ill patients, damage control laparotomy and limited intervention (resection without reanastomosis or stoma formation, temporary drainage and tamponade of the abdominal cavity if necessary, temporary closure of the abdominal cavity) are performed to control the infection. Indications for damage control laparotomy include inability to achieve adequate control of the source of IAI during primary laparotomy, hemodynamic instability, the need to re-evaluate the condition of the problematic anastomosis, and diffuse peritonitis. A prospective study of staged laparotomies revealed a shorter length of stay in the intensive care unit, a lower incidence of complications and lower treatment costs using this method compared to the standard one. Antibacterial support of surgical interventions is an important aspect of treatment. In conditions of increasing antibiotic resistance, antibiotics should be prescribed strictly in accordance with the recommendations and for as short effective period as possible.
Conclusions. 1. Despite the fact that approaches are changing, control of the IAI source remains the main method of treatment of most patients with IAI. 2. The choice of empirical antibacterial therapy should be based on the risk assessment and potential of resistant bacteria. 3. The duration of antimicrobial therapy can be significantly reduced (4 days).
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Istrate Ofiteru, Anca Maria, Sabina Berceanu, Stefan Paitici, Gabriela Camelia Rosu, Larisa Iovan, Nicoleta Loredana Voicu, Daniel Pirici, et al. "Endometriosis of the Abdominal Wall - Clinical, Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Aspects." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 8 (September 15, 2019): 2860–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.8.7444.
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Endometriosis is a benign gynecological pathology that mostly affects the organs of the pelvis,but also organs located at a distance maybe affected. Tissue immunohistochemically identified as ectopic endometrium may undergo certain structural and functional changes that may lead to preneoplastic alterations (hyperplasia, dysplasia) in normal cellswhich can evolve to neoplasia. Clinical, genetic, metabolic conditions and local factors may influence degenerationof a benign pathology into a malignant pathology. Endometriosis of the abdominal wall is more frequently encountered, as the number of casarean section has increased. Endometriomas surrounding tissue has a direct impact on the structure of the cells that form the mass. By remodeling cellular morphology, corroborated with the hormonal factors action and the inflammatory response ( via lymphocyte cell secretion), the cell cycle is altered and antiapoptotic activity may be promoted. Immune system via lymphocyte cell secretion, the pressure exerted on the tumor area by surrounding tissueswith its size change, conditioned by the fluctuation of hormonal factors, act directly on the cellular structure and can increase anti-apoptotic action and decrease cell cycle regulation. The presence of endometriomas is identified by the positivity of immunohistochemical reactions for estrogen receptors (ER), progesteron receptors (PR), Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) for endometrial tissue. Negative reaction at Cytokeratin 20 (CK20) shows that the studied area is not a metastasis of a digestive tumor. The presence of abundant inflammatory, peritumoral cells markedwith anti-CD68 / Tryptase for macrophages / mast cells demonstrates the involvement of the inflammatory system in the structural and functional modification of endometrial cells.The pronounced cell division was demonstrated by intense reaction with the anti-Ki67 antibody.The signigicant anti-apoptotic action of the endometrial tissue is shown by the positivity of anti-B cell Lymphoma 2 (BCL2) / anti-Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) / anti-p53 antibodies.
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Kyeong Kim, Mi, Junoik Shin, Jeong-Hyun Choi, and Hee Yong Kang. "Low-dose combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for a patient with a giant hiatal hernia who underwent urological surgery." Journal of International Medical Research 46, no. 10 (August 29, 2018): 4354–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060518793800.
Full textAbstract:
A hiatal hernia refers to herniation of the abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm. A giant hiatal hernia affects digestive and cardiopulmonary function by compressing the organs. We report a patient who had low-dose combined spinal and epidural anesthesia (CSEA) for safe and effective anesthesia for conservative treatment of a giant hiatal hernia. An 84-year-old woman who had a giant hiatal hernia was scheduled for ureteroscopic removal of a ureteral stone. CSEA was performed at the L4 to L5 lumbar interspace and an epidural catheter tip was placed 5 cm cephalad from the inserted level. The T12 block was checked after 10 minutes of intrathecal injection of 6 mg of 0.5% bupivacaine. The T10 block was checked after additional injection of 80 mg of 2% lidocaine through the epidural catheter. During anesthesia and surgery, the patient's vital signs remained stable and the operation was completed within 1 hour without any problems. In conclusion, low-dose CSEA may be safely used without any cardiopulmonary and gastrointestinal problems in patients with a giant hiatal hernia undergoing urological surgery.
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Aulia, Muhammad Fikri, and Efman EU Manawan. "Characteristics of Patients with Abdominal Trauma from January 1st 2019 to December 31st 2019 at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital." Sriwijaya Journal of Surgery 4, no. 1 (May 10, 2021): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/sjs.v4i1.53.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Trauma is the main cause of death in the subgroup of patients under 40 years of age. The main cause of death. Abdominal trauma ranks third as a cause of death due to trauma after head and chest injuries. The classification of abdominal trauma based on the type of trauma is divided into two, namely sharp trauma and blunt trauma. The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of abdominal trauma patients at dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang General Hospital.
Methods: This research was a retrospective descriptive study. Using secondary data from the medical records of Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang. Performed in the from January 2019 to December 2019. Samples inculded were all patients diagnosed with abdominal trauma, underwent laparotomy, and hospitalized in digestive surgery wards.
Results: There were 33 subjects participated who met study critera. The highest age group for abdominal trauma was at the age group 26-45 years as many as 16 people. Abdominal trauma patients were mostly found in the male, with 32 people (97%). Based on their causes of abdominal trauma, most of them were caused by stab wounds as many as 16 people (48.5%). In abdominal trauma patients based on the type of trauma, most of them occurred due to sharp trauma, with 23 people (69.7%). The organs most frequently injured due to abdominal trauma were the small intestine and large intestine, with 14 people (42.4%). The length of stay of patients with abdominal trauma varies from 1 day to 22 days, with the most length of stay between 0-7 days as many as 20 cases (60.6%).
Conclusion: Male patients, aged 26–45-year-old, caused by stab wound, sharp trauma, affecting small and large intestine, and hospitalized up to 7 days are the most common characteristic of patients diagnosed with abdominal trauma.
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Konoplyannikov, Mikhail A., Oleg V. Knyazev, and Vladimir P. Baklaushev. "MSC therapy for inflammatory bowel disease." Journal of Clinical Practice 12, no. 1 (May 7, 2021): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/clinpract64530.
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) belongs to the group of diseases characterized by idiopathic inflammation of the digestive tract organs. Two basic IBD types are distinguished: ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease. The IBD symptoms including vomiting and diarrhea, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, anemia have a significant negative impact on the general patients state of health. Besides, IBD patients are susceptible to the risk of a number of serious diseases such as colorectal cancer, thrombosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. More than 4 million people in the USA and Europe suffer from IBD, with 70000 new cases diagnosed yearly in the USA only.
In some cases, a surgical removal of the damaged digestive tract fragments is required to treat severe IBD forms. However, drug therapy of IBD has mainly been used in the last decades. The rate of remission with application of traditional IBD therapy is estimated as 20-30%, and is still no higher than 50% with the combined therapy. Cell therapy has been proven to be a very promising approach in the IBD treatment. In our review, we discuss mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and the most important preclinical and clinical results of their application for the IBD therapy.
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Hasanuddin, Hasanuddin, and Derevie Hendryan. "The similarity of a desmoid tumor with parasitic leiomyoma: a very rare case report and literature review." Bali Medical Journal 11, no. 1 (February 21, 2022): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i1.3044.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Desmoid tumors are rare cases that arise from aponeurotic tissue. Parasitic leiomyoma is a rare type of leiomyoma that grows in reproductive age, but differential diagnostics have something in common.Case report: A case of a 34-year-old Asian woman, secundigravida, outpatient clinic, referred from surgery division with chief complaint of a lump in the stomach that has become bigger in the past 4 years. There was no menstrual complaint, and the patient had a history of one previous cesarean section. Computed Tomography (CT) revealed a mass on the abdominal wall that extends to the abdominal cavity, and the patient underwent a mass biopsy and the histopathology results were obtained in the form of uterine leiomyoma or fibroid. During the operation, the mass was obtained from the abdominal wall and had no connection to internal reproductive organs, and due to the large mass, we consulted to digestive surgery division for mass resection, and a mesh graft was placed. Based on the results of tissue examination, the desmoid fibromatosis tumor was obtained from histological findings.Conclusion: Preoperative management by performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be useful to evaluate the difference between both diseases. Immunohistochemistry stain should be performed to differentiate between both diseases in case the MRI unavailable.
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Ratnagiri, Madhavi V., Yan Zhu, Tariq Rahman, Mary Theroux, Shunji Tomatsu, and Thomas H. Shaffer. "Automated Assessment of Thoracic-Abdominal Asynchrony in Patients with Morquio Syndrome." Diagnostics 11, no. 5 (May 15, 2021): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11050880.
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Morquio syndrome is a rare disease caused by a disorder in the storage of mucopolysaccharides that affects multiple organs, including musculoskeletal, respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive systems. Respiratory failure is one of the leading causes of mortality in Morquio patients; thus, respiratory function testing is vital to the management of the disease. An automated respiratory assessment methodology using the pneuRIP device and a machine-learning algorithm was developed. pneuRIP is a noninvasive approach that uses differences between thoracic and abdominal movements (thoracic-abdominal asynchrony) during respiration to assess respiratory status. The technique was evaluated on 17 patients with Morquio (9 females and 8 males) between the ages of 2 and 57 years. The results of the automated technique agreed with the clinical assessment in 16 out of the 17 patients. It was found that the inverse cumulative percentage representation of the time delay between the thorax and abdomen was the most critical variable for accurate evaluation. It was demonstrated that the technique could be successfully used on patients with Morquio who have difficulty breathing with 100% compliance. This technique is highly accurate, portable, noninvasive, and easy to administer, making it suitable for a variety of settings, such as outpatient clinics, at home, and emergency rooms.
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Da Fonseca Filho, Lucilo Bioni, Priscilla Virgínio De Albuquerque, Silvia Fernanda Alcântara, Júlio Cézar dos Santos Nascimento, Maria Eduarda Luiz Coelho De Miranda, Gilcifran Prestes De Andrade, Lourival Barro de Sousa Brito Pereira, Fernanda Barreto Afonso Menezes, Emanuela Polimeni De Mesquita, and Marleyne José Afonso Accioly Lins Amorim. "Macroscopic Description of Small and Large Intestine of the Sloth Bradypus variegatus." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46, no. 1 (December 12, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.89376.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Sloths of the species Bradypus variegatus are mammals with peculiar habits, which feed mostly young leaves of ‘embaúba’ and occur broadly in Central and South America. This specie has the greatest occurrence in Brazilian Northeast, making it a biological model for several researches in the fields as anatomy, physiology, genetics, pathology, histology and ecology, which provide data to literature in order to benefit maintenance and preservation of these animals. This study aimed to describe unpublished data about small and large intestine anatomy of the sloth Bradypus variegatus, in order to collaborate for knowledge of its digestive processes.Materials, Methods & Results: In order to perform this present research, 10 corpses of specie Bradypus variegatus belonged to the acquis of Anatomy Division, Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology (DMFA); Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), with 5 males and 5 females, the study was authorized by Animal Use and Experimentation Ethic Committee license (CEUA-UFRPE), nº 034/2015. All 10 animals used had natural death, were obtained through a donation of CETAS Tangará (Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres - Wildlife Screening Center), and located in the city of Recife. Animals were dissected at abdominal and pelvic portion, from a median sagittal incision, followed by lateral folding of skin, muscle and withdrawal of pubis portion for exposition and description of intestines, with analysis of syntopy and measurement of these organs. A relation was observed among external holes of urinary, reproductive and digestive systems. A relation was still observed among intestines and stomach, liver, kidneys, bladder and abdominal cavity wall. Some animals had absence of sigmoid colon, ventral and dorsal descendent colon. Regarding measurement, small intestine ranged from 147.09 to 163.59 cm for males and 117.44 to 151.28 cm for females, while large intestine varied between 39.68 and 43.35 cm for males, and 33.19 and 44.47 cm for females. Urinary and reproductive systems had a same external hole at perineal portion for both gender. Whereas digestive system ended at anus as occur commonly among mammals.Discussion: Among specimens described, most had the same anatomic profile regarding the intestinal portions and syntopy performed over other abdominal cavity organs. A difference was observed on liver size, increment of 20% for females and males sampled, excluding animals that had absence of structure that were minority, once 40% of females had no ventral descending colon, 20% of males and females had no sigmoid colon, and 20% of males had no dorsal descending colon. However, some animals that had absence demonstrated increase of other adjacent structures, for example, male that had no dorsal descending colon developed the largest sigmoid colon observed among animals measured for portions of duodenum, ventral descending colon, ascending colon and dorsal descending colon. Regarding the measurement of small and large intestine, Bradypus variegatus had differences compared to other herbivores, what suggests that this fact is associated to a restricted diet, in which that animal is submitted. Because of literature shortage about digestive system of specie Bradypus variegatus and other species of wild animals in general, it still difficult to infer or plot more accurate affirmations about this subject.
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Pekas, J. C. "Maintenance feeding of 100 kg pigs: effect on carcass lean and fat yield and on gastrointestinal organ size." Animal Science 57, no. 03 (December 1993): 455–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135772980004279x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe study was conducted to test the hypotheses that sustained restriction of food to maintain constant body weight of market-ready pigs, hereafter terminal maintenance (TM), would (1) decrease the size of gastrointestinal and other visceral organs, (2) increase dressing proportion, and (3) increase lean and decrease fat content and improve the lean: fat ratio of carcass. Forty-eight crossbred castrated male pigs (initial body weight, 23·5 kg) were randomly assigned to eight treatment groups (six pigs per group; one pig per pen). Three comparison groups were included. Thead libitumcontrol group (AL) was slaughtered at the target weight, 105 kg. One group was continuously restricted (CR) to 0·8 of the intake by AL and slaughtered at the target weight. The terminally restricted (TR) group was given food ad libitum to 1·1 times the target weight; then food was restricted to effect weight loss to the target weight before slaughter. Five TM groups were given food ad libitum to the target weight; then TM was administered for various periods (7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 days) before slaughter. CR either had no effect or caused enlargement of visceral organs compared with AL. TR caused reduction of viscera, especially of abdominal-digestive organs. TM caused reduction of most viscera organs (0·001 <P< 0·05). Regression analyses indicated that most abdominal organs were reduced 50 to 70 g/kg per 10 days of terminal maintenance. TM and TR also increased carcass weight (P< 0·05). Catabolism associated with reduction of viscera organs may provide nitrogenous substrates to support the continued lean accretion observed during terminal maintenance. The reduced viscera and increased carcass weight combined resulted in increased dressing proportion (P= 0·06). Regression analyses (weightv.TM-days) showed that lean mass increased (71 g/day;P< 0·05) and fat mass decreased (−52 g/day;P< 0·01). Weight of bone and belly did not change. Differential lean gain, lean gain minus fat gain, during TM occurred at a rate of about 120 g/day.
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Ahmed, Faisal, Hasan Zahid, Moinul Hasan, Anwar Hossain, Md Arman Zaid, ATM Mahmudur Rahman, and JA Siddique. "Case Report of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in a Child Related to COVID-19." Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 20, no. 2 (November 11, 2021): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v20i2.56482.
Full textAbstract:
Background : Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a serious condition that appears to be linked to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Most children who become infected with the COVID-19 virus have only a mild illness. Aim of this study to evaluate the children who go on to develop MIS-C, some organs and tissues-such as the heart, lungs, blood vessels, kidneys, digestive system, brain, joints, skin or eyes -become severely inflamed.
Case Report : 11 years old girl admitted in Paediatric Ward of in Imperial Hospital Chattogram on 12 July 2020 with the complains of fever, loose motion, rash in hands, body and legs, swelling of the wrist and ankle joints which were associated with anorexia, nausea , vomiting and bodyache. For this reason the child was evaluated.
Conclusion : Clinical features in children have varied but predominantly include cardiac dysfunction, abdominal pain, and elevated inflammatory markers, including C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Ferritin, D-dimer and Interleukin-6. MIS-C can lead to shock and multiple organ failure requiring intensive care.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (2); July 2021; Page 89-92
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Ajibola, A., and K. H. Erlwanger. "Functional food promotes digestive functions and healthy growth of animals nurtured in confinement." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i1.444.
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In the study, the growth pattern, morphometric and morphological changes in the gastrointestinal tract of growing male and female Sprague-Dawley rats fed crude honey (CH)-supplemented diets as measures of nutrient utilization, digestive functions and healthy growth were investigated. Thirty-five suckling (7-day old male and female) rats were fed CH either as low (10mLkg-1 BW) or high (20mLkg-1 BW) dose daily via stomach tube for 14 days, while the control group was gavaged with distilled water. Rats were kept with their dams to nurse freely between gavages. On weaning, CH was mixed with commercial rat feed as low (20%) or high, 50% (volume/weight, v/w), while 20% (v/w) tap water was added to the control diet. The feed intake of honey-fed male rats and control (infant: 6 – 10g; adult:31 – 38g) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than their high dose-diet mates (infant: 5 – 8g; adult: 31 – 38g). All the rats were killed at 13 weeks old for gross and microscopic measurements of the abdominal viscera. Grossly, there were no significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) in the relative lengths (%BW) and weight: length ratio (g cm-1 ) of the small and large intestines in both sexes. Crude honey increased the absolute and relative weights of the caecum (1.73 ± 0.05g; 0.38 ± 0.02%BW) and pancreas (2.52 ± 0.11g; 0.55 ± 0.03%BW), with significant influence (p<0.05) in the male rats. In addition, dietary inclusion of CH at low dose enhanced intestinal villi growth in height (84.0 ± 4.0µm) and width (25.2 ± 1.5µm). Dietary supplementation with crude honey also enhanced body weight gain of male rats (495.52 ± 8.98g) and females (242.52 ± 6.87g), improved abdominal organs' functional size: liver (10.92 ± 0.32g; 2.72 ± 0.13%BW); spleen (1.25 ± 0.06g; 0.27 ± 0.02%BW), devoid of pathological changes, as shown by liver histomorphology (1.2 ± 0.3) and normal hepatocellular architecture thereby conferring nutritional and health benefits on animals nurtured in confinement.
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Zainulabidov, R. A., A. Yu Razumovsky, A. I. Khavkin, Z. B. Mitupov, and G. Yu Chumakova. "Erosive and ulcerative lesions of gastroduodenal zone In adolescents with celiac artery compressional syndrome." Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology, no. 6 (November 21, 2022): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-202-6-131-138.
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Compression stenosis of the celiac trunk or Dunbar syndrome, a clinical and anatomical syndrome characterized by chronic abdominal pain, is a congenital pathology based on compression of the celiac trunk by the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm. The narrowing of the lumen of the celiac trunk entails hemodynamic disturbances in the artery itself and branches extending from it, which leads to a shortage of blood supply to the organs of the digestive system. Inadequate supply of arterial blood can lead to dystrophic and ischemic tissue damage. The mucous membrane and submucosal layer of the wall of the stomach and intestines are most susceptible to oxygen starvation. The article discusses the features of ischemic gastric and duodenal ulcers with clinical examples in children with Dunbar syndrome. It also describes the compensatory capabilities of the body to minimize the effects of extravasal compression of the celiac artery and methods for their visualization.
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Álvarez-Rodríguez, J., A. Sanz, M. Joy, S. Carrasco, G. Ripoll, and A. Teixeira. "Development of organs and tissues in lambs raised on Spanish mountain grassland." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 89, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas08064.
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The present study was conducted to establish the pattern of body development in grass-raised Churra Tensina lambs. Forty-nine single male lambs were slaughtered at three body-weight intervals, according to the commercial categories of suckling (11.1 ± 1.0 kg), light (22.1 ± 0.8 kg) and heavy lamb (32.0 ± 2.9 kg). Non-carcass and carcass components were recorded and the half left carcasses were completely dissected. Lambs showed a low growth rate of main organs in relation to empty body weight (BW) (P < 0.01). Skin+ fleece and liver accompanied the rest of mass growth (P > 0.05). The allometric coefficients of forestomachs and large intestine were higher than that of the small intestine (P < 0.05). Joints related to locomotion had early development (P < 0.01), whereas those belonging to the trunk grew at faster rates than did carcass weight (P < 0.01). The fatty tissues had increased growth coefficients (P < 0.01), whereas bone and lean coefficients decreased (P < 0.01) with increasing carcass weight. Intermuscular fat attained greater growth rates in lambs slaughtered at light BW than in heavy lambs (P < 0.01). However, the former group displayed lower relative growth of pelvic-renal, subcutaneous and abdominal fat than the latter (P < 0.01). This trait might reflect improved investment of dietary energy towards deposition of adipose tissue through the increased digestive tract capacity. Key words: Sheep, carcass, non-carcass, tissues, fat depots, allometric growth
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Hryn, Volodymyr H., Yuriy P. Kostylenko, Valentyna P. Bilash, and Yana A. Tarasenko. "FEATURES OF ANGIOARCHITECTURE OF THE ALBINO RATS STOMACH AND SMALL INTESTINE." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 3 (2019): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201903101.
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Introduction: The stomach and small intestine are important organs of the digestive system and, to date, they are the subject of research by morphologists, endocrinologists, immunologists, gastroenterologists, and other researchers. The aim: The paper is aimed at the study and systematization of the features of angioarchitecture of the albino rats stomach and small intestine. Materials and methods: The study based on the injection of the blood vasculature of abdominal organs of 20 albino male rats with 5% gelatin solution, colored with filtered black ink, was performed. The specimens were subject to photographing from different aspect angles in their original state, and then, after dehydration in alcohols with the transition to pure acetone, they were embedded in the epoxy. Photographing of the obtained specimens was made by a digital camera, as well as a binocular magnifier MBS-9, equipped with a digital photoattachment Sigeta DCM-900 9.0MP. Results and conclusions: The results of injecting of blood vasculature of albino rats’ gastrointestinal tract with ink mass clearly demonstrate the specific difference in the intraorganic angioarchitecture of its different regions, which depends entirely on their functional purpose in the digestive process. In the stomach, the highest concentration of blood microvessels is in its glandular part, which is explained by the increased nutrient needs of the secretory process of the gastric glands, while the mucous membrane of its fundus (pre-stomach) contains a scattered network of exchange microvessels that only promote the process of regeneration of the stratified squamous (partially keratinized) covering epithelium. In the small intestine, the typical principle of the organization of the microvasculature of its mucous membrane is somewhat modified in the duodenum, which is associated with the presence of mucous (Brunner’s) glands in it, as well as in those sites (starting from the duodenum) where the group lymph nodes (Peyer’s patches) are localized.
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Santos, Carina, Francisco Morgado, Celestina Blanco, João Parreira, João Costa, Lara Rodrigues, Luís Marfull, and Patrícia Cardoso. "Ascites in a Young Woman: A Rare Presentation of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis." Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1586915.
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Introduction. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a rare idiopathic disease that can affect one or more organs of the digestive tract. It has an estimated incidence of 1–20 cases per 100,000 patients. Klein et al. classified EGE into 3 subtypes: predominant mucosal, muscular, or subserosal. Clinical Case. We report a case of a 32-year-old woman, who presented with diffuse abdominal pain, nausea, postprandial infarction, diarrhea, and moderate ascites of three-week evolution. The rest of physical examination did not show alterations. The past medical history was unremarkable. Laboratory test results revealed peripheral blood eosinophilia. Abdominal CT scan revealed diffuse and concentric parietal thickening of the distal 2/3 of esophagus, moderate volume ascites, and small bowel wall thickening and distension on the left quadrants. The paracentesis revealed 93.3% of eosinophils. The colon biopsies evidenced an increase in the number of eosinophils. Secondary causes of eosinophilia were excluded. The patient was treated with oral prednisolone 40 mg/day with immediate clinical and analytical improvement. Conclusion. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare condition with a nonspecific and highly variable clinical presentation, which requires a high level of clinical suspicion. It is a diagnosis of exclusion. Secondary causes of eosinophilia such as intestinal tuberculosis, parasitosis, and malignant neoplasms should be excluded.
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Navasad, V. V., V. I. Kavalchuk, and K. A. Navasad. "A RARE CASE OF OMPHALOCELE WITH TUBULAR ILEAL DUPLICATION AND VITELLINE FISTULA (CASE REPORT)." Hepatology and Gastroenterology 6, no. 2 (December 13, 2022): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25298/2616-5546-2022-6-2-134-137.
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Background. A hernia of the umbilical cord (omphalocele) is a congenital abnormality in which a number of the abdominal organs are located extraperitoneally - in the umbilical membranes, consisting of the amnion, Wharton's jelly and the primary undifferentiated peritoneum. Digestive tract doublings constitute a group of rare malformations that vary significantly in appearance, location, size, and clinical manifestations. The incidence of this pathology is one case per 4500 autopsies. The first case of an intestinal duplication was reported by Calder in 1733. Objective. To demonstrate diagnosis and treatment of a rare case of omphalocele with tubular ileal duplication and vitelline fistula in a newborn. Material and methods. A clinical case report of 2-day-old patient L. who underwent treatment in the neonatal department of the Grodno Regional Children's Clinical Hospital in December 2021. Results. The child was found to have omphalocele with tubular ileal duplication and vitelline fistula. After preoperative preparation, the patient underwent an operation: abdominal reconstructive intervention to correct a congenital malformation. The treatment resulted in a complete recovery. Conclusions. We presented a case report not yet published in literature. Despite the complexity of the anomaly, the patient was discharged having fully recovered. The follow-up examination in 2022, detected no deviations in the child’s development.
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Chyzhevskaya, I. D., and L. M. Belyaeva. "The state of the digestive system in children with systemic connective tissue diseases." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 65, no. 1 (March 6, 2020): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2020-65-1-65-70.
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Purpose. To study the prevalence of the digestive system pathology in children with systemic connective tissue diseases.Characteristics of children and research methods. We carried out a clinical and instrumental examination of 108 children with systemic connective tissue diseases hospitalized in the rheumatology department of the 4th City Children’s Clinical Hospital in Minsk from 2008 to 2015. 60 patients suffered from juvenile idiopathic arthritis (mean age 12.3 [9.4; 15.6] years), 23 children suffered from juvenile scleroderma (mean age 11.8 [9.7; 14.9] years) and 25 children suffered from systemic lupus erythematosus (mean age 13.1 [12.2; 16.3] years). All patients received long-term immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory therapy.Results. 75.9% patients had gastroenterological complaints, such as abdominal pains, nausea, heartburn. 69.4% of patients had endoscopic changes in the esophagus, stomach, and/or duodenum. According to the results of the morphological study, 43.5% of patients with systemic connective tissue diseases had mild inflammatory process, 29.6% of patients had average inflammatory process, and 3.7% of patients had severe inflammatory process. Among the children examined, 33 (55%) patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, 12 (48%) children with systemic lupus erythematosus and 11 (47.8%) patients with juvenile scleroderma were infected with Helicobacter pylori. Pathological changes of the hepatobiliary system and pancreas were diagnosed in 83.3% of children with systemic connective tissue diseases.Conclusion. The revealed changes indicate a probable connection between the pathology of the digestive organs in children with systemic connective tissue diseases and substantiate the gastroenterological examination of this category of patients.
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Mishchuk, V. G., I. G. Kupnovitska, N. V. Gubina, I. V. Martyniv, and R. I. Belegay. "MANIFESTATIONS OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM IN ACUTE PERIOD OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 20, no. 3 (November 12, 2020): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.20.3.138.
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Introduction.Nowadays, coronavirus disease is reported a systemic disease, which impairs immune function, lung and gastrointestinal damage. The latter, along with the respiratory system, can serve as the entry gate to infection. Chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are considered as risk factors for more severe course of the disease. Objective: to study the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms and liver functioning in patients with coronavirus disease. Materials and methods: 55 medical records of inpatients with coronavirus disease and pneumonia (20 women and 35 men), who were treated at the infectious department of the Central Municipal Clinical Hospital, Ivano-Frankivsk. The mean age of female patients was 57.1 ± 2.62 years and 59.2 ± 2.59 years for male patients. All patients underwent polymerase chain reaction testing and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IgM SARS COV 2), general clinical examinations (general blood test, biochemical analysis of live damage markers, glycemia level), chest CT. We determined inflammatory biomarkers as well. Results and discussion. The patients with coronaviral disease and pneumonia were found to have various comorbidities, including hypertension, obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic viral hepatitis B and others. The most common gastrointestinal symptoms included anorexia detected in 50 patients (90.9%), nausea in 11 (20%) patients, diarrhoea in 6 (10.9%) patients, vomiting in 2 (363%) patients, abdominal pain in 4 (7.27%) patients, and constipation in 1 (1.8%) case. Diarrhea usually did not pose a serious threat, and was reversible in the course of pneumonia therapy. Thrombocytopenia occurred in 10.9% of patients. The level of C-reactive protein was high in 90.9% of patients. A third of the patients demonstrated as increase in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase by 30.9% and alanine aminotransferase by 32.7%. Conclusion. Coronavirus can induce inflammation and change the permeability of mucous membranes, possibly receptor-mediated penetration into the cells of the body; we can suggest the virus affects the composition of the intestinal microbiota, disrupts the interaction between organs "intestinal-lung" that may contribute to the progression of respiratory symptoms.
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Sulyma, Volodymyr, and Olena Sulima. "Crohn's Disease – Disease for Immunologists, Proctologists, Gastroenterologists or Rheumatologists?" Eurasia Proceedings of Health, Environment and Life Sciences 5 (August 5, 2022): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.55549/ephels.56.
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Crohn's Disease (CD) most commonly affects the terminal portion of the small intestine and the large intestine. CD can also affect any other part of the gastrointestinal tract, from mouth to anus. Inflammation of the intestines is usually not continuous, areas inflammation (foci of inflamed bowel) interspersed with normal areas intestines (segmental lesion). Depending on the severity of the inflammation the inner layer of the intestinal wall (mucosa) may turn red (erythematous) and swollen (edematous) with ulcers of different sizes and shapes (aphthae’s, superficial, deep, longitudinal), and the mucous membrane can have the appearance of a "cobblestone pavement". These lesions extend throughout the thickness intestinal wall and can lead to complications such as stenosis of the intestinal lumen and / or germination in other organs (penetration), resulting in abscesses (infiltration of intestinal contents into the abdominal cavity) or fistulas (channels that connect the intestinal cavity with the skin or neighboring organs, for example, the bladder, or with other intestinal loops and through which they enters the contents of the intestine). In addition, in a significant number of patients, CD can affect various parts of the body outside the digestive tract, usually the skin, joints, and eyes.These extra-intestinal manifestations may also occur before the development of typical intestinal symptoms of CD (see below), and sometimes they cause more anxiety and more difficult to treat than intestinal symptoms.
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Бут-Гусаим, Г. В., А. В. Воробей, and И. А. Давидовский. "Practical Anatomy of Celiac Artery and Its Collateral Circulation." Хирургия. Восточная Европа, no. 3 (October 6, 2022): 368–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2022.11.3.017.
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Чревный ствол является одной из 3 ветвей брюшной аорты, обеспечивающих кровоснабжение органов пищеварения. Анатомия чревного ствола и его ветвей крайне вариативна, а особенности мезентериального коллатерального кровообращения позволяют компенсировать кровоток в случае его окклюзии. Учитывая вариантность анатомии, при планировании сосудистой реконструкции или резекционного хирургического вмешательства на верхнем этаже брюшной полости для обеспечения их безопасности и эффективности необходимо выполнить полноценную визуализацию сосудистой системы пищеварительного тракта. Знание анатомии позволит правильно интерпретировать полученные результаты предоперационного исследования и снизить риск ятрогенной сосудистой травмы. В настоящей статье приведены систематизированные литературные данные о практической анатомии чревного ствола и коллатеральном кровообращении его ветвей, а также клинические примеры вариантной анатомии и компенсации кровоснабжения органов при поражении чревного ствола. The celiac artery is an abdominal aortic branch providing blood supply to the digestive system. The anatomy of celiac artery and its branches is extremely variable; the features of that collateral circulation allow compensating blood flow when the trunk is occluded. Since that it is necessary to complete the comprehensive visualization of digestive tract vessels during planning of vascular reconstruction or resection surgery on the upper abdomen in order to provide its safety and efficiency. Knowledge of anatomy allows interpreting the preoperative study results in the proper way and decreasing the risk of iatrogenic vascular trauma. Systematic data on the practical anatomy of celiac artery and its branches collateral circulation is presented in this article and clinical examples of the variant anatomy and compensation of blood supply to organs when trunk is affected as well.
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Kovalchuk, O. V., L. P. Goralskyi, and I. M. Sokulskyi. "Pathomorphology of cat pancreas under chronic pancreatitis." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 23, no. 102 (June 19, 2021): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10213.
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The paper deals with studying the pathomorphology of cat pancreas under chronic pancreatitis. This paper is a component of a research mix of the Department of Anatomy and Histology, it goes under the title “The development, morphology and histo-chemistry of animal organs in health and in disease”, (state registration number № 0120U100796). A pancreas is an azygos parenchymatous organ which refers to the endoexocrine glands, includes exocrine and endocrine pancreas, is involved in the processes of digestion and regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism and lipid exchange in tissues. Pancreatic juice, which is rich in enzymes (trypsin, lipase, amylase), is produced in an exocrine pancreas, and hormones (insulin, somatostatin, glucagon (vasoactive intestinal polypeptide), pancreatic polypeptide) are produced in endocrine pancreas. This galand is involved in the process of digestion while producing digestive enzymes, which get into the duodenum and hydrolyze practically all parts of feeds which enter the body. It is located in an abdominal cavity, anatomically connected with a stomach, liver and duedenum. It has been found that pathomorphological changes in pancreas under chronic pancreatits manifest themselves depending on the disease stage and are revealed by insignificant progress of the pathological process. Herewith, morphological parameters of pancreas width and length in cats under chronical pancreatitis did not significantly change, but these indices tended to decrease. Its absolute weight in cats under chronical pancreatitis, as compared with clinically healthy cats, did not change and equalled 9.12 ± 2.03 g. But pancreas relative weight in sick cats increased by 1.4 (Р ≤ 0.01) and equalled 0.51 ± 0.08 %, as compared with control 0.38 ± 0.06 %. Under histological analysis of pancreas histology specimen stained with hematoxylin Corazzi and eosin, some distortion in a microscopic structure of a pancreas was observed, it manifested itself in thickening of interparticle tissue-connective layers which spread like desmogenous bands. Some destructive changes in acini in exocrinal pancreas, which manifested themselves in losing their characteristic form, were noticed. The cytoplasm of such acinous cells was in a state of plasmorrhexis, the pycnosis was observed.
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Grechanyk, O. I., O. S. Gerasimenko, R. Ya Abdullayev, I. A. Lurin, K. V. Humeniuk, V. V. Negoduyko, D. O. Slesarenko, N. B. Alekseeva, and M. S. Sudmak. "CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF FIRE I NFLAMMATION INJURIES OF HOLLOW ABDOMINAL ORGANS (ATO / OOS EXPERIENCE)." Kharkiv Surgical School, no. 1 (February 20, 2022): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37699/2308-7005.1.2022.13.
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Among the features of radiological diagnosis for the wounded with injuries of the gastrointestinal tract, we can point to a set of radiological methods of research, among which the leading place is occupied by X-ray contrast studies of the abdomen — vulnerography, fistulography, enterography, irigoscopy. The most important task of special methods of X-ray examination of gastrointestinal injuries, accompanied by the introduction of X-ray contrast agents, is the control of the postoperative period, radiological support during surgery and diagnosis of failure of sutures, anastomoses, intraperitoneal walls fistula, phlegmon of retroperitoneal tissue.
Materials and methods. The results of retrospective analysis of radiological diagnostics of 76 (7.5 ± 1.6) % of wounded in the abdomen, waist, retroperitoneal space from the total mass of subjects (n = 1013 people), due to the mechanical and multifactorial nature of the lesion. Of these, 42 subjects with a predominant abdominal component of gastric injury injuries were in 6 cases out of 42 (14.3 %), 3 (7.1 %) cases of esophageal and duodenal injuries, small bowel injuries were observed in 12 cases (28, 6 %), colon damage in 14 cases (33.4 %) and rectal damage in 4 cases (9.5 %). All X-ray contrast studies of different parts of the digestive tract were performed with one-time double contrast and other methods in the X-ray diagnostic department of the clinic (radiation diagnostics and therapy) of the National Military Medical Clinical Center «GVKG» on modern X-ray machine expert class OPERA SWING.
Discussion of results. There are no fundamental differences in the tactics of radiation control of injuries (TCU) of the gastrointestinal tract in abdominal injuries. However, in the preoperative period of urgent radiological diagnosis of damage to the esophagus, stomach, small, colon, and other parts of the colon, preference is given to non-contrast radiological examination of the abdomen (review radiography in direct projection standing / lying, lateroposition and lateral projection). In the future, the postoperative period of the wounded is accompanied by the widespread use of X-ray contrast studies of internal organs with gastrointestinal damage for radiation support during surgery and diagnosis of complications in the early and late postoperative periods.
Conclusions. Given the multiple and combined nature of gunshot and non-gunshot injuries to the abdomen, lower back, retroperitoneal space in the wounded with injuries of the esophagus, stomach, small, colon and other parts of the colon, immediate radiological diagnosis should be provided to all wounded. preoperative period to address the clinical and diagnostic problem of emergencies. Since the natural X-ray contrast of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space is very low, and damaged hollow organs increase pneumatization of the gastrointestinal tract, the use of artificial contrast (barium mixture, iodine-containing water-soluble X-ray contrast agents) significantly increases the diagnostic value. The use of special methods of X-ray examination with artificial contrast in the postoperative period is determined by the condition of the wounded and the specific clinical situation.
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Vieira, S., and G. Marinho. "Cotard syndrome in a patient with multiple sclerosis: A case report." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S800—S801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.2117.
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Introduction“Cotard syndrome” is a rare condition characterized by a constellation of clinical features, including hypochondriac and nihilistic delusions, the most characteristic of which are the ideas that one is dead or that their organs do not exist. It is more commonly associated with psychotic depression and schizophrenia but can also be found in several neurological disorders. In the clinical practice it generally appears as an “incomplete Cotard”, reduced to hypochondriac delusions attributed to the malfunction or occlusion of the organs, usually the digestive tract and abdominal viscera. Consequently it is common for these patients to reject food or medications. In literature it has been divided into three types, according to the clinical symptoms: psychotic depression, Cotard type I, and Cotard type II.ObjectivesLiterature review on Cotard Syndrome and its link with Multiple Sclerosis, based on a clinical case.MethodsPubmed and Google Scholar search using the keywords Cotard Syndrome, Multiple Sclerosis.ResultsHereby we present a clinical case of a 53-year-old female patient, with multiple sclerosis, who presented with hypochondriac and nihilistic delusions and refusal of food and medication. The patient was treated with olanzapine with rapid remission of delusional activity.ConclusionsMultiple sclerosis is an immunemediated chronic disease, affecting predominantly the sensory and motor function. In addition, psychiatric comorbidity is very frequent with up to 50 % lifetime risk of depression. While various neurological disorders have been described in association with Cotard syndrome, its link with multiple sclerosis has been scarcely reported.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Razvan, Popescu, Nicoleta Leopa, Iorga Ionut, Antonela-Anca Nicolau, and Ghioldis Andrei. "Multivisceral Resection of Advanced Sigmoid Colon Cancer." ARS Medica Tomitana 26, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arsm-2020-0019.
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Abstract Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common digestive malignancies, with a high mortality and morbidity rate, with nonspecific symptoms in the early stages and with a diagnosis in the advanced stage most often. In a significant percentage there are cases in which tumors with invasion in the border organs and multiorgan resections are required. In women, the invasion frequently occurs in the vagina, uterus and bladder. Case report: We report the case of a 52-year-old woman, who presented in the Department of Surgery with the following complaints: fecaluria, pneumaturia, constipation and moderate abdominal pain, with onset of 4 months, in wich the patient neglected her symptoms. Following the investigations, a large tumor formation of sigmoid colon was diagnosed, with invasion in the uterus and bladder, with which it communicates through a 16mm fistula. The result of the biopsy was of low / moderate grade adenocarcinoma differentiated G2. Cystoscopy revealed bladder trigone invasion without being able to identify ureteral orifices, biopsy and urine cytology was also positive for cancer. The surgery was performed by a multidisciplinary team and a multivisceral resection was performed. Conclusions: Multiorgan resections require trained, experienced teams, and oncological pathology raises special issues when it comes to radical visa. The management of invasive colonic tumors in the border organs must be established preoperatively, in agreement with the patient, because it involves problems related to the quality of life and the potential for survival.
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Ksonz, I. V., Ie M. Grytsenko, M. I. Grystenko, O. V. Ovchar, and Y. V. Pylypiuk. "Intestinal obstruction caused by Meckel’s diverticulum in children." Paediatric Surgery. Ukraine, no. 2(71) (June 25, 2021): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/ps.2021.71.72.
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Meckel’s diverticulum is the most common variant of anomalies of incomplete obliteration of the yolk duct. Among the various malformations of the digestive tract, which can cause intestinal obstruction, Meckel’s diverticulum ranks first and is 1.7%. Purpose – to generalize the results of treatment of children with intestinal obstruction caused by Meckel’s diverticulum. Materials and methods. The experience of treating 183 children with Meckel’s diverticulum and related pathology is summarized. The main complications of Meckel’s diverticulum were intestinal obstruction, bleeding from a peptic ulcer, diverticulitis. In 100 children, the diverticulum was asymptomatic and was an accidental finding during surgery on the abdominal organs for other pathologies. Results. Intestinal obstruction caused by Meckel’s diverticulum accounted for 20.8% of all cases and 45.7% of all diverticulum-related complications. Strangulative intestinal obstruction was diagnosed in 18 patients: in 16 Meckel’s diverticulum caused internal compression, in 1 – torsion of the loops of the small intestine around the fixed diverticulum, in 1 – nodulation. In 5 observations, Meckel’s diverticulum caused the phenomenon of partial intestinal obstruction. Intussusception was detected in 15 children (small intestinal in 6 cases and ileocecal in 9). Clinical cases demonstrating the difficulties in diagnosing intesti nal intussusception caused by Meckel’s diverticulum in older children and small bowel entrapment in the mesodiverticular ligament are presented. A method of subserous diverticulectomy and one-step decompression of the small intestine was proposed. Conclusions. Meckel’s diverticulum should be considered as a probable cause of acute intestinal obstruction in children older than 2 years and who have not previously undergone surgery on the abdominal organs. In the surgical treatment of pathology caused by Meckel’s diverticulum, it is possible to use one-time decompression of the small intestine by diverticulotomy and subserous removal of the diverticulum. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: Meckel’s diverticulum, intestinal obstruction, children.
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HASHIMOTO, T., M. KATO, H. SHIRATO, S. SHIMIZU, Y. AHN, N. KURAUCHI, T. MORIKAWA, K. YAMAZAKI, Y. AKINE, and K. MIYASAKA. "Real-time monitoring of a digestive-tract marker to reduce adverse effects of moving organs at risk (OAR) in radiotherapy for thoracic and abdominal tumors." International Journal of Radiation OncologyBiologyPhysics 60 (September 2004): S414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3016(04)01603-7.
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