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Journal articles on the topic 'Abattoirs'
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1
Toohey, E. S., D. L. Hopkins, B. M. McLeod, and S. G. Nielsen. "Quantifying the rate of pH and temperature decline in lamb carcasses at three abattoirs in New South Wales." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 7 (2006): 875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05324.
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The aim of this work was to benchmark the rate of pH and temperature decline in lamb carcasses (particularly the temperature at pH 6.0) at 3 commercial abattoirs across New South Wales. In total, 1197 carcasses were monitored over 13 months for pH and temperature decline. The lambs were sourced from a variety of regions, either direct from the paddock or from sale yards. Carcass weight was not significantly (P>0.05) different between abattoirs or seasons. There was a significant (P<0.05) interaction between abattoir and season for carcass fat depth at the 12th rib (GR) when adjusted to the same hot carcass weight, such that as carcass weight increased so did GR with changes in the relationship between seasons and abattoirs. The predicted pH at 3 h was significantly different between abattoirs, with abattoirs A and B having a significantly (P<0.05) higher pH than abattoir C. All abattoirs were different (P<0.05) for predicted temperature at 3 h, with abattoir A having the lowest and C having the highest temperature. Predicted pH at both 25 and 18°C were significantly different (P<0.05) between abattoirs, with abattoir C having the lowest and abattoir A having the highest pH at both temperatures. Abattoir A and B were not different for predicted temperature at pH 6.0, but abattoir C had a significantly higher temperature (P<0.05). Over all abattoirs only 18.8% of sampled carcasses complied with the recommended pH–temperature window of 18–25°C at pH 6.0. Of the carcasses sampled, 79.4% had a slow rate of pH decline and did not reach the onset of rigor (pH 6.0) by 18°C.
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EKHAISE, F. O., and O. OSARENOTOR. "BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF INDOOR AIR ENVIRONMENT IN PRIVATE AND GOVERNMENT OWNED ABATTOIRS IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Life Sciences (ISSN: 2276-7029) 4, no. 2 (March 25, 2022): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/njls.v4i2.183.
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The airborne bacterial load of two abattoirs, private and government abattoirs in Benin City was studied using the settled plate methods. The air samples were collected during and after slaughtering operations in the two abattoirs monthly for a period of six months, between October, 2011 and March, 2012. The temperature and relative humidity of the two abattoirs were determined during each sampling time. The plasmid DNA profile of the isolated airborne bacterial was determined using the alkaline lysis method. The temperature reading ranged between 25 0C and 34 0C in the private abattoir and between 26 0C and 35 0C in the government abattoir. The relative humidity reading ranged between 46 % and 67 % in the private abattoir and between 34 % and 65 % in the government abattoir. The mean airborne bacterial counts on nutrient agar and blood agar in the private abattoir ranged from 17.55 x 102 ± 3.77cfu/m3 to 108.0 x 102 ± 10.35cfu/m3 during slaughtering and 12.84 x 102 ± 1.51 cfu/m3 to 49.71 x 102 ± 3.61 cfu/m3 after slaughtering. The mean airborne bacterial counts on nutrient agar and blood agar in the government abattoir ranged from 24.63 x 102 ± 3.75cfu/m3 to 58.30 x 102 ± 6.49 cfu/m3 during slaughtering and 15.62 x 102 ± 2.97 cfu/m3 to 114.13 x 102 ± 19.75 cfu/m3 after slaughtering. The mean airborne bacterial counts grown on eosine methylene blue agar in the private abattoir ranged from 1.057 x 102 ± 2.58 cfu/m3 to 22.54 x 102 ± 5.70 cfu/m3 during slaughtering and 2.44 x 102 ± 1.41 cfu/m3 to 9.87 x 102 ± 1.41 cfu/m3 after slaughtering. The mean airborne bacterial counts grown on eosine methylene blue agar in the government abattoir ranged from 1.05 x 102 ± 5.62 cfu/m3 to 24.40 x 102 ± 4.66 cfu/m3 during slaughtering and 1.06 x 102 ± 4.24 cfu/m3 to 21.08 x 102 ± 3.94 cfu/m3 after slaughtering. The result revealed the isolation of seven airborne bacterial isolates which include Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus sp., Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., and Escherichia coli. The frequency of occurrence and distribution of the airborne bacterial isolates revealed Staphylococcus. aureus (48.75%) and Bacillus sp. (28.68%) as the most frequently isolated airborne bacterial isolates in the private abattoir, while S. aureus (31.95%) and Bacillus sp. (41.93%) were also recorded as the most frequently isolated airborne bacterial isolates in the government abattoir. The statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the airborne bacterial counts recorded during and after slaughtering in the two abattoirs. The result of the plasmid determination revealed that the airborne bacterial isolates harboured plasmid sizes which ranged between 1.5 kbs to 25.2 kbs. The result revealed that, the quality of air in the abattoirs was greatly influenced by the population and type of airborne bacterial isolates, which play significant role in the level of hygiene in meat processing plants. The type and population of airborne bacterial isolates in the indoor air of the two abattoirs are of great concern, which serves as index of quality of air in the environment. Hence, great measures are taken to checkmate this menace caused by the poor hygienic systems in the abattoirs
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Kolo, Francis B., Abiodun A. Adesiyun, Folorunso O. Fasina, Bernice N. Harris, Jennifer Rossouw, Charles Byaruhanga, Hermanus De Wet Geyer, Lucille Blumberg, John Frean, and Henriette van Heerden. "Brucellosis Seropositivity Using Three Serological Tests and Associated Risk Factors in Abattoir Workers in Gauteng Province, South Africa." Pathogens 13, no. 1 (January 9, 2024): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13010064.
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Abattoir workers are liable to zoonotic infections from animals and animal products, primarily to diseases with asymptomatic and chronic clinical manifestations in animals, such as brucellosis. No published reports exist on the seroprevalence of brucellosis in abattoir workers in South Africa. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the occurrence and risk factors for Brucella exposure in abattoir workers in Gauteng Province. A total of 103 abattoir workers and managers from 6 abattoirs, where brucellosis-positive slaughtered cattle and sheep were previously detected, were interviewed and tested with serological assays using the Rose Bengal test (RBT), BrucellaCapt, and IgG-ELISA. A pre-tested questionnaire was administered to consenting respondents to obtain information on risk factors for brucellosis. Of the 103 respondents tested, the distribution of female and male workers was 16 (15.5%) and 87 (84.5%), respectively. The seroprevalence for exposure to brucellosis was 21/103 (20.4%, 95%CI: 13.1–29.5) using a combination of RBT, BrucellaCapt, or IgG-ELISA. For test-specific results, seroprevalences by RBT, BrucellaCapt, and IgG-ELISA were 13/103 (12.6%, 95%CI: 6.9–20.6), 9/103 (8.74%, 95%CI: 4.1–15.9), and 18/103 (17.5%, 95%CI: 10.7–26.2), respectively. Low-throughput abattoirs were identified as associated risks, as 29.3% of workers were seropositive compared with 12.7% of workers in high-throughput abattoirs, which highlights that direct contact at abattoirs poses higher risk to workers than indirect and direct contact outside abattoirs. This study confirms the occurrence of Brucella spp. antibodies among abattoir workers in South Africa, possibly due to occupational exposure to Brucella spp., and highlights the occupational hazard to workers. Furthermore, findings underscore that abattoir facilities can serve as points for active and passive surveillance for indicators of diseases of public health importance. We recommend periodic implementation of brucellosis testing of abattoir workers country-wide to establish baseline data for informing appropriate preventive practices and reducing the potential burden of infection rates among these high-risk workers.
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Večerek, Vladimír, Eva Voslářová, Josef Kameník, Zuzana Machovcová, Lenka Válková, Martina Volfová, and Jarmila Konvalinová. "The effect of slaughtering skills on the welfare of cattle during stunning with a captive bolt." Acta Veterinaria Brno 90, no. 1 (2021): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb202190010109.
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The performance of stunning in various abattoirs can differ. The aim of the study was to compare the stunning of cattle with a captive bolt in two abattoirs. We monitored the slaughtering skills by measuring the deviation of the location of the stunning shot hole on the skull from the ideal point and further by measuring the angle of inclination of the stunning shot on the skull from the ideal perpendicular angle. We observed the impact of different slaughter skills on the quality of stunning of animals based on the occurrence of failure to achieve motor paralysis after a stun shot. The failure to collapse occurred significantly more frequently (P < 0.05) in abattoir A than in abattoir B. In both abattoirs there was a higher (P < 0.05) number of bulls failing to collapse than in females (cows and heifers). However, the effect of slaughter skills on the occurrence of signs associated with insufficient stunning was not found. The signs occurred in abattoir A and abattoir B to the same extent. In bulls, the number of animals with signs was higher (P < 0.05) than in females in both abattoirs. The results show that insufficient proficiency of skills in stunning cattle with a captive bolt leads to a higher number of animals failing to collapse after a stun shot. The effect of slaughter skills on the occurrence of signs in bulls and females was not proven; however, in bulls a higher incidence of signs was demonstrated than in females.
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MCNAB, W. BRUCE, SHANE A. RENWICK, H. RUFFNER LOWMAN, and ROBERT C. CLARKE. "Variability in Broiler Carcass Bacterial Load at Three Abattoirs, as Measured by a Hydrophobic Grid Membrane Filter Interpreter." Journal of Food Protection 56, no. 8 (August 1, 1993): 700–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-56.8.700.
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In this observational study, the variability of broiler carcass bacterial load was investigated at three federally inspected abattoirs, using an automated hydrophobic grid membrane filter interpreter system. The measurement protocol involved: whole carcass rinses aided by a mechanical carcass shaker; filtration of rinse solutions through hydrophobic grid membrane filters (HGMF) (ISO-GRID®, QA Laboratories, Ltd., Toronto, Ont.); and use of an automated HGMF interpreter (MI-100 HGMF Interpreter System, Richard Brancker Research, Ltd., Ottawa, Ont.). Carcass and lot mean bacterial loads were measured, respectively, in units of log10 most probable number (MPN) of mesophylic aerobic colony forming units per gram of carcass (LgMPN/g), and slaughter lot mean LgMPN/g (LMLgMPN/g). Whole carcass rinses were conducted on a total of 1,917 carcasses, among 96 slaughter lots from three abattoirs. Overall, the LgMPN/g ranged from 1.054 to 4.180 with a mean of 2.585 and a variance of 0.263. These corresponded to MPN/g counts from 11 to 15,135 and a geometric mean of 385 MPN/g. Statistically significant differences were observed between abattoirs and between lots within abattoirs. The intra-abattoir correlation coefficient of LgMPN/g was r = 0.180 (p < 0.001). The within abattoir intralot correlation coefficient was r = 0.259 (p < 0.001). In this data set, approximately 56, 26, and 18% of the variability in LgMPN/g were attributed to factors operating at the individual bird, lot, and abattoir levels of organization, respectively. Factors significantly associated with LMLgMPN/g included: abattoir (p < 0.001), transportation time from farm to abattoir (p < 0.001), and waiting time from arrival at the abattoir yard to actual slaughter (p = 0.002). Analysis of a series of five repeat rinses, conducted on one bird from each of the 96 study lots, demonstrated that bacterial counts in the second to fifth sequential rinses were positively associated with the bacterial count of the first rinse. Also, after adjusting for the initial count, a pattern of decreasing counts was observed in subsequent rinses.
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Claflin, Kyri W. "Abattoirs-Usines, the Modernizing Project for the French Meat Trade, and World War I." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 44, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 116–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2018.440308.
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In the early twentieth century, French academic veterinarians launched a meat trade reform movement. Their primary objective was the construction of a network of regional industrial abattoirs equipped with refrigeration. These modern, efficient abattoirs-usines would produce and distribute chilled dead meat, rather than livestock, to centers of consumption, particularly Paris. This system was hygienic and economical and intended to replace the insanitary artisanal meat trade centered on the La Villette cattle market and abattoir in Paris. The first abattoirs-usines opened during World War I, but within 10 years the experiment had begun to encounter serious difficulties. For decades afterward, the experiment survived in the collective memory as a complete fiasco, even though some abattoirs-usines in fact persisted by altering their business models. This article examines the roadblocks of the interwar era and the effects of both the problems and their perception on the post-1945 meat trade.
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Azi, Musa Bulus, Samuel Danjuma Wapwera, Timlok Timothy Wazhi, and Patrick Shehu. "Assessment of the Compatibility of Abattoir and Residential Land Uses in Jos Metropolis, Nigeria." Urban Studies and Public Administration 6, no. 1 (January 4, 2023): p21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/uspa.v6n1p21.
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This paper assesses the compatibility of abattoir and residential land uses in Jos metropolis, Nigeria by examining the spatial locations of abattoirs, and determining and examining the level of compliance of the abattoirs with the requirements for their establishment. The targeted households considered reside between 1 and 200 meters away from the abattoirs. A systematic sampling technique was employed to select 220 respondents from an estimated 2200 household heads to form the sampled population. The instruments of data collection were questionnaires, satellite images, ArcGIS, physical observation, GPS device and camera. The Data collected were both qualitative and quantitative. Data were analysed using multiple analytical methods and presented in figure and plates. The study revealed that, major abattoirs (Giring and Bukuru) existed on site before residential buildings swamped the areas. Gyel and Yanshanu abattoirs sprang up immediately after the Jos civil unrest in residential areas despite their incompatibility. The results revealed that all the all the Abattoirs did not follow the standard for siting as they were located within residential areas. Twenty-seven (27%) of the houses are (200m) away with 44% of the residents having spent more than 16 years in the neighborhoods; 85% experienced disturbing smell in their environment as the predominant pollution is air pollution, this was attested by 46%. The fact that the abattoirs are located within residential neighborhoods shows clearly their incompatibility. Based on the results obtained, recommendations were made and a framework developed for a specific spatial location and operation of abattoirs within permissible radius to provide information for policy makers, practitioners and the academia.
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Kempster, A. J., and M. J. Sloyan. "The structure of the British abattoir industry post 1992." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1991 (March 1991): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600019541.
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1. Implementation of the EC meat hygiene standards (Proposal COM (89/673)) by the British abattoir industry post 1992 is likely to have a major impact on its structure. Against the background of low operating margins, many abattoirs are faced with the necessity of making substantial investment in order to conform with the standards.2. The term ‘post 1992’ is used advisedly because there could be temporary derogations beyond the 1 January 1993 deadline. The possibility and current lack of definition of these is a major cause of uncertainty and anxiety over investment in the industry, and makes forecasts of industry structure difficult.3. A survey was carried out during June to September 1990 to examine the projected future size and structure of the industry. Data were obtained from three sources:(a) a telephone survey to the managers of 80 non-EC approved abattoirs stratified by size and geographical region (carried out in August 1990),(b) a survey by MLC regional staff in close day-to-day contact with the industry (approximately 450 abattoirs), and(c) information obtained by MLC in the course of operating its Meat Plant Advisory Service (advice was provided to 150 abattoirs in 1989/90).The data included a Judgement as to whether the abattoir would continue to operate post 1992 and an estimate of anticipated slaughtering capacity based on chiller capacity. Numbers of cattle, sheep and pigs slaughtered in each abattoir in Great Britain are available from MLC's levy records. The database is being updated regularly as new information becomes available.
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Mwesigwa, R., PK Migwi, AM King’ori, and PA Onjoro. "Abattoir waste use in livestock diets: Uganda’s current situation." International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology 10, no. 1 (July 7, 2020): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v10i1.48105.
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In this study, we investigated the various ways slaughter wastes are utilized, problems encountered in order to give insights in future prospects of abattoir wastes as livestock feeds. A total of 100 abattoir workers were interviewed through semi-structured questionnaires covering Kampala, Wakiso and Mukono districts in Uganda. Results revealed that majority of abattoir work force were middle-aged adults between 30-45 years contributing 37% of total workers. There was a significant association between abattoir workers responses in relation to the proportion of livestock slaughtered (Chi square 147.55; df =2; p<0.0001) in the abattoirs. With reference to cattle, 1.06 and 1.01 more sheep and goats were slaughtered respectively in the dry season in comparison to the wet season. Blood was mostly disposed as animal feed ingredient (blood meal) by 40% of the respondents while rumen contents were mostly sold as manure by 59% of the respondents. Only 16% of the respondents processed rumen contents for livestock feeding. 92.3% of bones were sold for dog feeding while 7.7% of bones were processed for livestock feed ingredients. Polythene bags were reported the biggest contaminants found in slaughter wastes. Stench from slaughter wastes contents was the biggest problem encountered with handling of waste products by (62%) of the respondents. The handling of abattoir wastes was still rudimental at most abattoirs as envisaged by lack of proper handling facilities at the abattoirs. There is need for regular enforcements to ensure proper abattoir waste disposal mechanisms for enhanced livestock use.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 129-134, June 2020
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Oluchi, Emeagha Tina, and Ezeokoye Joy Elochukwu. "Occupational Health Hazards and Safety Practises on Abattoir Workers in Owerri Metropolis, Imo State." Global Academic Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 01 (February 28, 2023): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/gajms.2023.v05i01.009.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of occupational health hazards and safety practises on abattoir workers in Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria. For the study, three objectives and three questions were developed. This study used a descriptive survey design. The population of the study consisted of 232 abattoir workers recruited from the three major abattoirs in Owerri Metropolis, Imo State. The study's sample included all two hundred and thirty-two (232) abattoir workers from the three major abattoirs in Owerri Metropolis. At the 0.05 level of significance, inferential statistics of Chi square (x2) were used to analyse the data collected for hypotheses, while the objectives were presented in frequency and percentages. According to the findings, the major occupational health hazards include knife cuts, blood/waste splashes, noise, bone piercing, and chemical spill, burns, and irritation. Adopted safety practises include the use of an apron, gloves, boots, and pre- and post-mortem inspection. Based on the findings, it was recommended that the government, through the ministry of health and labour, develop or create survey instruments and conduct surveys on a regular basis to monitor the prevalence of occupational health diseases and the upkeep of safety practises in abattoirs.
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Ifeanyichukwu, Ossai Tina, Momoh O. Yusuf, and Ndekwu, Benneth Onyedikachukwu. "Evaluation of Occupational Hazards among Workers in Selected Abattoirs in Port Harcourt." Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports 17, no. 8 (May 29, 2023): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2023/v17i8505.
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Aim: The study aimed at investigating the occupational hazards among abattoir workers in selected abattoirs in Port Harcourt.
Study Design: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in order to determine and evaluate the prevalent occupational hazards that abattoir workers were exposed to using a well-structured questionnaire. Three abattoirs were randomly selected for the study which involved abattoir workers, randomly picked from three different abattoirs in Port Harcourt. The study was conducted using a well-structured questionnaire and 140 respondents participated in the study.
Methodology: Five categories of occupational hazards namely physical, biological, ergonomic, psychosocial and chemical hazards were investigated. Z-test analysis was carried out to determine if there existed any significant impact posed by these hazards and the results of the analysis showed that the hazards were significant among abattoir workers. In addition, the data obtained was also analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) in order to rank the prevalence of these hazards posed to abattoir workers.
Results: Biological hazard was ranked as a Class 1 hazard with a 71.53% percentage occurrence. This was closely followed by ergonomic and physical hazards ranked as Class 2 hazards with percentage occurrences of 64.29% and 54.28% respectively. Psychosocial hazard was ranked as Class 3 hazards having a percentage occurrence of 60.95% while chemical hazard was ranked as Class 4 hazards with a percentage occurrence of 35.24%.
Conclusion: This study thus confirmed the presence of the aforementioned hazards as critical in influencing abattoir workers. It was therefore recommended that abattoir workers be trained to increase their level of awareness and knowledge of these occupational hazards in order to protect their health and safety at work.
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Anie, Clement Oliseloke, Sinodukoo Eziuzo Okafo, Amelia-Jane Oluchi Anthony, and Kayode Temitope Egbon. "Incidence and antibiotic profile of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria isolated from aprons and tables used in abattoir located in Abraka and Obiaruku, Delta State, Nigeria." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 12, no. 3-S (June 15, 2022): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v12i3-s.5387.
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This study was designed to investigate the presence of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in aprons and tables used in abattoirs in Abraka and Obiaruku.
A total of one hundred samples were obtained. Fifty samples were obtained from the aprons of butchers and meat vendors working in an abattoir located in Abraka and fifty samples from the sectioning tables in an abattoir located in Obiaruku using sterile swab sticks. Biochemical tests were carried out to characterize the bacterial isolates and susceptibility carried out using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.
Out of the 50 aprons sampled, 47 were gram negative bacteria and 3 were gram positive bacteria. The bacteria were: Proteus spp. (16), Citrobacter spp. (15), Salmonella spp. (10), Shigella spp. (3), Aeromonas spp. (2), Providentia spp. (1), Mycobacterium spp. (1), Enterococcus spp. (1) and Streptococcus spp. (1). From the table samples, all 50 were gram negative bacteria. The gram-positive bacteria showed high susceptibility (100%) with high zones of inhibition to most antibiotics used. Gram-negative bacteria showed highest susceptibility to erythromycin (95.7%)
This study reveals that aprons and tables of butchers and meat vendors at the abattoirs are reservoir of various bacteria, some of which are food borne pathogens and are multidrug resistant. The high prevalence of some of these organisms in this study coupled with their high antibiotic resistance profile is reflective of the poor hygiene practices carried out at the abattoirs in Abraka and Obiaruku and thus, pose a serious public health concern to the consumers of meat from such abattoirs.
Keywords: Bacteria, isolates, abattoir, butchers, meat vendors
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MOTSOELA, CYNTHIA, ERNEST K. COLLISON, and BERHANU A. GASHE. "Prevalence of Salmonella in Two Botswana Abattoir Environments." Journal of Food Protection 65, no. 12 (December 1, 2002): 1869–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-65.12.1869.
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A 1-year study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella in two abattoir environments coded “A” and “B” in Gaborone, Botswana. The total number of environmental samples collected from abattoirs A and B was 250 and 300, respectively. The samples were taken from soils in the corrals, knife blades, saw blades, cattle-drinking water, cattle feces, and feed. Preenrichment, enrichment, and selective/differential media, which enabled the favorable growth of Salmonella, were used in the study. Salmonellae were present in all sampled environments. The most common serotypes found in the environment at abattoir A were E1, C1, C2, and B. Serotypes B, C1, C2, C3, and E1 were common in abattoir B. Antigenic characterization of the salmonellae isolates showed that Salmonella Anatum, Salmonella Azteca, Salmonella Saintpaul, Salmonella Cerro, and Salmonella Westhampton were predominant in abattoir A, whereas Salmonella Anatum, Salmonella Mbandaka, Salmonella Molade, Salmonella Reading, and Salmonella Oranienburg were dominant in abattoir B. Implementing hazard analysis critical control point principles in work procedures would definitely reduce the gross contamination taking place in abattoirs.
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Adamu, MT, and M. Dahiru. "A Review on Abattoir Wastewater Treatment for Environmental Health Improvement." Journal of Environmental Bioremediation and Toxicology 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/jebat.v3i2.548.
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Impact of indiscriminate discharge of abattoir wastewater has been a major cause of concern globally due to its negative effect on public and environmental health. Lack of wastewater treatment plants and guidelines for proper disposal in many developing countries generates other numerous ecological problems to the affected countries. Its role as a nutrient-provider for pathogenic microorganisms was highlighted by many researchers. Treatment of abattoir wastewater remains the main reliable and efficient means of reducing environmental pollution it may consequently cause. Environmental pollutants released through wastewater by abattoirs may be complicated due changes brought about by additional substance used during animal processing. Several methods adopted by abattoirs were reported to be effective. However, the need for improvement in line with environmentally friendly guidelines is recommended
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LÁZARO, NORMA S., ANITA TIBANA, and ERNESTO HOFER. "Salmonella spp. in Healthy Swine and in Abattoir Environments in Brazil." Journal of Food Protection 60, no. 9 (September 1, 1997): 1029–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-60.9.1029.
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Tonsils and inguinal, mesenteric, and prescapular lymph node samples collected from 115 swine carcasses from two abattoirs and a family-run operation in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were cultured for the presence of Salmonella species. Salmonella spp. were detected in 40 (34.8%) of the swine samples with the following distribution; tonsils (31/40, 77.5%), mesenteric lymph nodes (16/40, 40.0%), inguinal lymph nodes, (9/40, 22.5%), and prescapular lymph nodes (7/40, 17.5%), Scalding tank water and environmental swabs collected from the abattoirs were also analyzed. Salmonella spp. were recovered from 13 of 51 (22.5%) of the environmental samples from one of the two abattoirs, none from those from the other abattoir. Salmonella spp. were recovered from the evisceration tables (5/11, 45.5%), the killing room (3/10, 30.0%), the holding pen (2/10, 20.0%), the butchering saw (2/10, 20.0%), and the scalding tank (1/10, 10.0%). The most frequently detected serovar was Salmonella Muenster. The results show the necessity of adopting more effective hygienic measures in the abattoirs as well as in the areas where swine are raised in order to reduce the role of abattoirs and storage facilities in the spread of Salmonella contamination.
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LASTA, JORGE, and REINALDO FONROUGE. "Significance of Samples Taken for Bacterial Counts from Reduced Areas of Bovine Carcasses." Journal of Food Protection 51, no. 3 (March 1, 1988): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-51.3.214.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate if small sampling areas (10 and 100 cm2) from bovine carcasses allowed obtaining bacterial counts that were characteristic of the hygiene level in abattoirs during the slaughtering process and, as a consequence, to know the hygiene level of the carcasses. Two abattoirs were classified according to the infrastructure and the operations as Good (G) and Fair (F). At these abattoirs, samples were taken from two sites (brisket and round), from two sampling areas (10 and 100 cm2 for each site), corresponding to nine carcasses per visit. Each abattoir was visited five times. The count of total viable microorganisms at 20°C was taken as an indicator of the microorganisms present. The differences between abattoirs, considering the sites, were not statistically significant. On the other hand, the differences between areas sampled (10 and 100 cm2) were significant and showed that the count will depend on the size of the area sampled. The conclusion is that small sampling areas are not adequate to evaluate the hygiene of bovine carcasses.
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OTTO, Edet. "Evaluation of Abattoir Practices in Ijebu Ode, Nigeria." International Journal of Advances in Life Science and Technology 6, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/72.v6i1.3013.
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If used properly, abattoirs can help with disease management, ante- or postmortem investigation of animals and the meat, and can protect the population from most zoonotic illnesses that can develop after eating unsanitary, unsafe, or unwholesome meat or meat products. This underscores the need to examine and explore present abattoir practises in order to better understand the current situation of meat production in Ijebu Ode, Nigeria. Data was retrieved from three (3) government-approved abattoirs using self-administered structured questionnaires, personal interviews, and observations, and the data were computed descriptively using a statistical software for social scientists. Findings from the empirical observation and evidence indicated significant deficiencies in the essential hygiene facilities and services, with the lack of a veterinary laboratory for microbiological confirmation of suspected meat, and all the butchers reported no utilisation of protective gear during slaughtering activities. 66.7% of the abattoirs disposed of their solid waste by open dumping in the nearby bushes, while the wastewater was discharged into public drains. The study revealed that the abattoir practises in Ijebu Ode are unsatisfactory, with unsanitary practises and shortfalls in fundamental hygiene facilities and services, which are critical for producing healthy meat for public consumption. As a result, standardisation of facilities, including the closure of substandard ones, and educational training of abattoir workers were proposed as ways to improve hygiene facilities and practises.
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RUBY, JOHN R., JUN ZHU, and STEVEN C. INGHAM. "Using Indicator Bacteria and Salmonella Test Results from Three Large-Scale Beef Abattoirs over an 18-Month Period To Evaluate Intervention System Efficacy and Plan Carcass Testing for Salmonella." Journal of Food Protection 70, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 2732–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-70.12.2732.
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To develop a process for predicting the likelihood of Salmonella contamination on beef carcasses, we evaluated the influence of several possible causative factors (i.e., year, abattoir, day of week, month, and intervention system components) on the risk of Salmonella and indicator organism contamination. Hide and carcass sponge samples were collected in 2005 to 2006 in six steps at three abattoirs in the East (A), Midwest (B), and Southwest (C) United States. Each abattoir used the same intervention system. Samples were analyzed for aerobic plate counts (APCs; n = 18,990) and Enterobacteriaceae counts (EBCs; n = 18,989) and the presence or absence of Salmonella (n = 5,355). Our results demonstrated that many factors play a significant role in the level of microbial contamination of beef carcasses. Overall, Salmonella prevalence and EBC levels were significantly higher in 2006 than in 2005. APCs and EBCs were highest in abattoirs A (3.57 log CFU/100 cm2) and B (1.31 log CFU/100 cm2). The odds of detecting a positive Salmonella isolate were greatest in abattoir C and lowest in abattoir A. Across the three abattoirs, the overall intervention process effectively reduced microbiological contamination. Salmonella prevalence fell from 45% (preevisceration) to 0.47% (postchilled–lactic acid), and there were APC and EBC reductions of 5.43 and 5.28 log CFU/100 cm2, respectively, from hide-on to postchilled–lactic acid samples. At each abattoir, composites of three individual EBC-negative carcass samples yielded Salmonella-negative results 97 to 99% of the time. These results suggest the possibility of using indicator test results to accurately predict the absence of Salmonella in a beef carcass sample.
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Edo-Taiwo, O., and O. V. Ikpoboyuwa. "ASSESSMENT OF FASCIOLA GIGANTICA INFECTION IN THE LIVER OF CATTLE SLAUGHTERED IN IKPOBA/OKHA AREA COUNCIL, EDO STATE, NIGERIA." African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment 2, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ajhse.v2i2.151.
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This study investigated the prevalence and intensity of Fasciola gigantica infection in the liver of cattle slaughtered in three abattoirs located in Ikpoba/Okha Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria. It also estimated the economic implications of the condemned liver. A total of 17,325 cattle were examined in the three abattoirs over a period of 252 days (approximately 69 cattle/day) spanning over the wet and dry seasons; 1,683 cattle were infected with an overall prevalence of 9.71%. In Abattoir A, 11774 cattle were examined with 1069 (9.08%) prevalence. In Abattoirs B and C, 4352 and 1199 cattle, respectively, were examined and 563 (12.94%) and 51 (4.25%) were respectively infected. From the three abattoirs, 155 (0.89%) livers were considered unfit for human consumption due to F. gigantica infection. For the wet season, 1062 (10.89%) cattle livers were infected while 621 (8.20%) were infected during the dry season. The mean intensity of infection during the wet season was 37.80 and 30.42 during the dry season. The financial loss due to infected liver condemnation was at N803,160 (1,947.050USD) showing that liver condemnation arising from F. gigantica infection is a major cause of financial loss to cattle farmers and dealers. There is, therefore, need for adequate veterinary inspections for early detection and treatment of the disease. There should be more meat inspection, especially in private/individual abattoirs.
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Adedayo, Ojo Oluwaseun, Olubukola Olusola Makinde, and Ojo Olabimpe Iyabode. "Health Risk Assesment of Air Emitting from Different Abattoirs in Akure Metropolis of Ondo State, Nigeria." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science IX, no. III (2024): 156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51584/ijrias.2024.90317.
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The burden of diseases can be greatly reduced by reducing air pollution which is one of the greatest risks to health in our environments. The study assessed the different types of micro-organisms present in a major and minor abattoir in Akure metropolis of Ondo state, Nigeria and their sensitivity to Antibiotics. Pre-tested questionnaires were used to obtain socio-demographic information, how the environment of the abattoir is sanitized and diseases likely to be contacted from the workers working in the abattoirs. Different levels of occurrence of isolates were observed in the major and minor abattoirs and the total count was done with the total bacteria counts ranging from lowest to highest. The total count for Escherichia coli range from 3.6×10 cfu/ml to 6.5 ×10 cfu/ml, while the total bacteria count ranged from 1.34×10 cfu/ml to 2.55×10 cfu/ml, also total coliform ranged from 2.8×10 cfu/ml to 4.1×10 cfu/ml at the major abattoir. The total count for Escherichia coli range from 5.7×10 cfu/ml to 7.2×10 cfu/ml, while the total bacteria count range from 5.2×10 cfu/ml to 1.56×10 cfu/ml, also total coliform ranged from 3.4×10 cfu/ml to 4.3×10 cfu/ml at the minor abattoir. During gram staining test it was observed that three out of the eight organisms namely, Micrococcus luteus, bacillus spp, Staphylococcus aureus, were gram positive, while Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes and Aeromonas sppwere gram negative. Antibiotic sensitivity was carried out on each of the isolates. Ciprofloxacin antibiotic had inhibitory effect on both grampositive bacteria with the highest effect on Staphylococcus aureus at 24mm and gram negative bacteria with highest result on Escherichia coli at 21mm. Therefore, there is presence of pathogenic micro-organisms especially Escherichia coli in the air environment of the abattoirs. Conclusively, there is need for routine environment sanitation of these slaughter houses because inhalation of air from these abattoirs can constitute a great environmental menace to the workers and residents around the area where they are situated, resulting in health complications to those with existing health challenges.
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Mwasinga, Wizaso, John B. Muma, Clovice Kankya, Chisoni Mumba, and Musso Munyeme. "Evaluation of Bacterial Contamination of Beef Carcasses in Namwala and Lusaka Districts of Zambia." University of Zambia Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences 5, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53974/unza.jabs.5.1.490.
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Abattoirs have been purported to be ideal areas were possible microbial contamination of meat products is likely to occur. Food of animal origin, mainly beef, has been identified as a source of dietary protein for humans albeit it being a source of food-borne diseases including zoonoses. This study was carried out to evaluate bacterial contamination and the risk factors associated with contamination of beef carcasses during processing. A total of four abattoirs were sampled within three months with one in Namwala and three in Lusaka districts. A total of 314 beef carcass surface swabs were obtained from the neck region by swabbing the carcasses, immediately after evisceration and after washing. Results The results of mean total viable counts (TVC) of carcass contamination were enumerated as the mean log from 4.7 Log10 cfu/cm2 in an abattoir where Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) was practiced to 5.8 Log10 cfu/cm2 without HACCP. Bivariate analysis showed a significant difference in carcass contamination when town abattoirs (Lusaka) were compared with rural ones (Namwala); χ2 = 43.87, P < 0.0001. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified poor hygiene practices, the absence of antemortem inspection, and lack of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) implementation as significant factors associated with carcass contamination. Conclusion A high microbial load as determined by the Total Viable Count is an indicator that beef is being produced under poor abattoir hygiene conditions. Therefore, beef carcasses with high bacterial loads are potential sources of foodborne pathogens leading to foodborne disease and hence there is need for advocating for good hygiene practices in the abattoirs.
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Abdullahi, Auwalu, Norizhar Kadarman, Azmi Hassan, and Ibrahim Sulaiman Madobi. "Negative Impact of Abattoir Activities and Management in Residential Neighbourhoods in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 4, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v4i2.4722.
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Poor management of abattoirs results in air and water pollution especially resident’s in their close proximity. The objevtive of the study was to investigate the effect of poor management of abattoirs on the quality of life and health of residents in their vicinity. A cross sectional survey was conducted within two month period. Fifty six residents of buildings located approximately five kilometers radius to the abattoir were randomly selected for interview using questionnaire. Among the 56 residents interviewed, 20 (35.7%) were sicked. Almost half (33.9%) of the residents suspected the sickness to be related to abattoir hazards. The prevalence of diseases and symptoms experianced by the residents were typhoid fever (14.4%), Diarhoea (12.5%), Coughing (10.7%), Asthma (8.9%), Foot and Mouth Disease (7.1%) and Dengue (3.6%). The main associated factors of abattoir activities on residents ‘s health were contamination of air with pollutants (odds ratio,15.52; 95% confidence interval, 3.62-10.52), water contamination (11.44; 3.17, 12.28), gutters and drainages blockage (6.35; 1.26, 9.99) and prevention of children from outdoor activities (4.65; 1.33, 16.31). There was also reported case of food poisoning among the residents. Abattoir activities has direct and indirect negative effect on residents health who are in close proximity.
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Abdullahi, Auwalu, Norizhar Kadarman, Azmi Hassan, and Ibrahim Sulaiman Madobi. "Negative Impact of Abattoir Activities and Management in Residential Neighbourhoods in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 4, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/.v4i2.4722.
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Poor management of abattoirs results in air and water pollution especially resident’s in their close proximity. The objevtive of the study was to investigate the effect of poor management of abattoirs on the quality of life and health of residents in their vicinity. A cross sectional survey was conducted within two month period. Fifty six residents of buildings located approximately five kilometers radius to the abattoir were randomly selected for interview using questionnaire. Among the 56 residents interviewed, 20 (35.7%) were sicked. Almost half (33.9%) of the residents suspected the sickness to be related to abattoir hazards. The prevalence of diseases and symptoms experianced by the residents were typhoid fever (14.4%), Diarhoea (12.5%), Coughing (10.7%), Asthma (8.9%), Foot and Mouth Disease (7.1%) and Dengue (3.6%). The main associated factors of abattoir activities on residents ‘s health were contamination of air with pollutants (odds ratio,15.52; 95% confidence interval, 3.62-10.52), water contamination (11.44; 3.17, 12.28), gutters and drainages blockage (6.35; 1.26, 9.99) and prevention of children from outdoor activities (4.65; 1.33, 16.31). There was also reported case of food poisoning among the residents. Abattoir activities has direct and indirect negative effect on residents health who are in close proximity.
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Horst, Ariane, Marvin Gertz, Mario Hasler, and Joachim Krieter. "Pig Organ Lesions Recorded in Different Abattoirs: A Statistical Approach to Assess the Comparability of Prevalence." Agriculture 10, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10080319.
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Documented lesions of slaughtered pigs provide a high-density data-pool that could be valuable for the purpose of animal health monitoring and breeding. However, data quality and structure hamper the application of statistical methods. The present study provides an approach that enables statistical analysis and evaluates the comparability of lesion prevalence among abattoirs. The German Quality and Safety database provided data of recorded lung, pleura, liver, and heart lesions. Filter criteria were used to improve the data structure. Data of n = 8,004,769 animals, recorded in nine abattoirs over a period of 18 months, were analyzed. Lesion prevalences were successfully modeled by applying a generalized linear mixed model. To examine prevalence differences, the coefficient of variation (CV) on a six-monthly basis was calculated, and a grand mean test (GMT) of significance was applied. High variations in estimated prevalence occurred on abattoir, six-monthly and organ basis. The highest variation occurred in the lung (CV = 64.7%), whereas liver lesions showed the lowest variation (CV = 21.8%). The GMT enabled the visualization of these variations between abattoirs, organs and over time. Concerning the assessment of the comparability of prevalences, it provides a promising tool to monitor changes in lesion examination and to address divergent abattoirs.
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Joseph, J. K. "CATTLE SLAUGHTERING AND POSTMORTEM HANDLING PRACTICES IN SELECTED NIGERIA CITIES." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 26 (March 11, 2021): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v26i1.3028.
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Cattle slaughtering and postmortem handing practices in Nigerian abattoris and markets were investigated. The study revaled poor pre- and post slaughter handling of cattle and carcass. The abattoirs were inadequately were inadequately equipped and maintained. The abbattors were characterized by lack of running tap water and proper waste disposal facilities. A critical assessment of the slaughtering process in the abattoirs when compared with the standard method showed a total absence of stunning (necessary for humance slaughtering) and aging or ripening (Which enhances tenderness and juiciness of meat) unit operations. The beef marketing chain was also found to be poorly organized and managed with associated poor preservation and storage facilities. Suggestions for improvement were also discussed.
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ZWEIFEL, C., and R. STEPHAN. "Microbiological Monitoring of Sheep Carcass Contamination in Three Swiss Abattoirs." Journal of Food Protection 66, no. 6 (June 1, 2003): 946–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-66.6.946.
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At three Swiss abattoirs, 580 sheep carcasses were examined at 10 sites by the wet-dry double-swab technique. The aim of this study was to obtain data on microbiological contamination at the abattoirs and to develop a procedure for monitoring slaughter hygiene. Median aerobic plate counts (APCs) (log CFU/cm2) ranged from 2.5 to 3.8, with the brisket and neck sites showing the most extensive contamination. Enterobacteriaceae were detected on 68.1% of the carcasses and in 15.2% of the samples. The proportion of positive results ranged from 2.6% (for the hind leg and the flank at abattoir C) to 42.2% (for the perineal area at abattoir A). The percentage of samples testing positive for stx genes by polymerase chain reaction was 36.6%. A significant relationship between APC and the detection of Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) was found for abattoirs A and B (depending on sampling site), whereas a significant relationship between Enterobacteriaceae and STEC detection was confirmed only for abattoir A (P < 0.05). In 57.1% of the 56 isolated non-O157 strains, stx2 genes were detected, and most of them were stx2d positive. Additional virulence factors were detected in 50% of the STEC strains, with 8.9% of these strains being eae positive, 50% being EHEC-hlyA positive, and 3.6% being astA positive. For the determination of carcass contamination, the monthly examination of 10 sheep carcasses for APC and Enterobacteriaceae counts in the neck, brisket, and perineal areas is recommended. This procedure is a valuable tool for the verification of slaughter hygiene according to hazard analysis critical control point principles.
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Anweting, I. B., G. A. Ebong, I. E. Okon, I. M. Udofia, and N. Oladunni. "Evaluating the Concentration of Pb, Hg, Co, V, As, Fe, Cu, Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Zn and their Potential Sources in Soil from Two Abattoirs in Itu and Ikot Ekpene Local Government Areas of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 28, no. 5 (May 24, 2024): 1335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v28i5.2.
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Inorganic contaminants which consist of toxic metals and salts are notable for their wide environmental dispersion and their tendency to accumulate in the tissues of the human body. Heavy metals are the major inorganic contaminants in abattoir soils. These metals, even at relatively low concentrations, are toxic. Hence the objective of this paper was to determine the concentration of Pb, Hg, Co, V, As, Fe, Cu, Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Zn and their potential sources of pollution in soil from two abattoirs in Itu and Ikot Ekpene Local Government Areas of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria using appropriate standard methods after the dry oxidation. The concentrations of heavy metals were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The distribution of heavy metals contaminants in the Itu abattoir was of the order Hg < As < V < Cr < Co < Mn < Ni < Pb < Cd < Cu < Zn < Fe, while that of the Ikot Ekpene abattoir was Hg < As < Co < V < Cr < Mn < Pb < Ni < Cd < Cu < Zn < Fe. The mean order obtained for both abattoirs was Hg < As < V < Cr < Co < Mn < Ni < Pb < Cd < Cu < Zn < Fe. The results were subjected to some pollution indices to ascertain the level of ecological impacts on both plants and animals ecosystem around the abattoirs. The contamination factor, geo-accumulation index, degree of contamination, and pollution load index depict no pollution. Generally, all metals investigated were below the permissible limits of DUTCH, FEPA, WHO/FAO, and NESREA.
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Ejeh, EF, IF Markus, AS Ejeh, JA Musa, FA Lawan, JA Ameh, AC Kudi, and SIB Cadmus. "Seasonal prevalence of Bovine Tuberculous lesions in cattle slaughtered in Yola abattoirs." Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 11, no. 2 (June 11, 2014): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i2.19125.
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Bovine tuberculosis is endemic in Nigeria. There is paucity of information on the prevalence of bovine tuberculous lesions in cattle slaughtered in Yola, Adamawa state. The annual prevalence and seasonal variation of bovine tuberculous lesions were assessed based on abattoir records of tuberculosis lesions from 2008 to 2012. The overall prevalence of bovine tuberculosis lesions from 2008 to 2012 ranges from 8.68% (6.03 11.33) in 2008 to 10.33% (8.63 12.03%) in 2012 with peak prevalence of 12.73% in 2011. Types of lesions were not recorded systematically, however, lesions that were observed ranges from TB granuloma, TB abscesses with yellowish pus, caseous necrotic tubercles, multiple necrosis to focal granulomas. Annual prevalence of bovine tuberculosis lesions recorded in Yola abattoirs differ significantly (p ? 0.05). Prevalence of tuberculous lesions in Yola abattoirs was significantly influenced by season (p < 0.05). Tuberculosis is endemic in cattle slaughtered in abattoirs meant for human consumption in Yola, therefore humans are at risk of acquiring zoonotic tuberculosis through consumption of contaminated meat.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i2.19125 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2013). 11 (2): 113-120
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P.U., Umeanaeto, Ogbogu N.E., Irikannu K.C., Onyido A.E., Okwelogu I. S. Mbanefo, E. C., and Ifeanyichukwu M.O. "A comparative Analysis of the Gastro-Intestinal Helminth Parasites of Cattle in Awka and Obosi Abattoirs in Anambra State, Southeastern Nigeria." Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425) 2, no. 7 (July 31, 2016): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v2i7.628.
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A comparative study was carried out on the prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminthes of cattle in Awka and Obosi abattoirs in Anambra State, between August and September, 2014. Fresh faecal specimens were collected from the rectum of 120 fleshly slaughtered cattle using universal specimen containers. arasitological examination of the faeces were done using direct smear and formal-ether concentration techniques. Out of 120 faecal specimens examined, 53(44.2%) of the cattle harboured gastro-intestinal helminth parasites. The prevalence of the intestinal parasites was higher in Obosi abattoir 33(55.0%) than in Awka abattoir 20(33.3%).The highest intestinal parasite encountered was nematode infection (26.7% in Awka; 31.7% in Obosi) and the least was cestode (15.0% in Awka; 21.7%in Obosi). Among the nematodes, Haemonchus contortus was common (10% in Awka; 11.7% in Obosi). Mixed infection recorded were 13.3% in Awka and 18.3% in Obosi abattoirs. White Fulani species had the highest infection rate in both Awka 10(16.7%) and Obosi abattoirs 14(23.4%) while the Red Fulani had the least prevalence in Awka3(5.0%) and Bokolo species 8(13.4%) in Obosi. Prevalence according to gender showed that females (20.0% in Awka; 28.3% in Obosi) were more infected than the males (13.3% in Awka; 26.7% in Obosi). The prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites was observed to be statistically significant with gender (P>0.05) but not with different breeds (P<0.05). Good management practices in cattle rearing will help to reduce intestinal parasites of cattle
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Ncoko, Philisani, Ishmael Festus Jaja, and James Wabwire Oguttu. "Microbiological quality of beef, mutton, and water from different abattoirs in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." July-2020 13, no. 7 (2020): 1363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.1363-1371.
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Background and Aim: Abattoir processes from skinning, evisceration, to chilling usually lead to meat contamination by foodborne pathogens. Hence, continual microbial surveillance of slaughter carcasses by veterinary public health officials is key to preventing contamination and outbreak of meat-related foodborne diseases. This study was conducted to determine the Enterobacteriaceae count and aerobic plate count (APC) and to detect Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in meat and water from selected slaughter facilities. Materials and Methods: Retrospective data (n=100) collected in 2017 by the Provincial Veterinary Department of the Eastern Cape Province from abattoirs and prospective survey data of meat (n=50) collected in 2018 from abattoirs in the Eastern Cape Province were utilized in this study. APC and Enterobacteriaceae were enumerated from the samples. In addition, Salmonella and E. coli were isolated from samples using selective media. Results: The APC in both retrospective and prospective studies for all samples ranged between 2 and 4.50 log CFU/cm2; similar counts of 2-4.00 log CFU/cm2 were recorded for Enterobacteriaceae. No significant difference (p>0.05) for APC and Enterobacteriaceae count across all meat types was noted. Salmonella and E. coli were detected in 50% of beef. E. coli was not detected from mutton, but Salmonella was found in 66.7%. Moreover, 91.7% of the water samples had E. coli, but none had Salmonella. Conclusion: The levels of Enterobacteriaceae and APC observed in meat satisfy regulatory conditions outlined by the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, South Africa and show that meat produced from these abattoirs is of acceptable microbial quality. However, the quality of water used in the abattoirs does not meet the requirements set by the government, and contributes to contamination of meat produced in the abattoirs under study. Therefore, we recommend that sources of water be continuously investigated to eliminate or reduce the risk of contamination of meat processed in the abattoirs.
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Tolera, Sina Temsgen, and Fekade Ketema Alemu. "Potential of Abattoir Waste for Bioenergy as Sustainable Management, Eastern Ethiopia, 2019." Journal of Energy 2020 (February 1, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6761328.
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Our environment is facing serious problems of high volumes of waste generation and inadequate disposal system in worldwide particularly in developing countries. There is also lack of studies on quantification of abattoir waste and lack of workers awareness towards abattoir waste. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to estimate abattoir waste for bioenergy potential as sustainable management. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four selected abattoirs of Eastern Ethiopia from January 1st, 2018 to December 30th, 2018. The magnitude of abattoir waste composition was computed based on Aniebo mathematical computational from the actual number of slaughtered livestock. The study demonstrated that four selected abattoirs generate 1,606.403 ton of abattoir waste per year and using anaerobic digestion of about 85,139 m3/year of biogas and 111.25 ton/year of biofertilizer can be produced. The biogas or energy from the waste can replace firewood and charcoal and the expensive fossil fuels. Using Banks mathematical computation about 20,054.12 m3/year production of biogas could replace 20.56 ton/year of energy consumed by liquefied petroleum gas, kerosene, charcoal, furnace oil, petrol, and diesel in average. The current estimated biofertilizer (111.25 ton/year) from four abattoir sites can cover about 2,225 hectares/year with its advantage and efficiency of soil. When turned into cost, about $55,645 per year of price could estimate from biogas and biofertilizer. The study concluded that huge amount of biogas and dry biofertilizer yields could produce from abattoir waste through anaerobic digestion. Therefore, installing anaerobic digestion plant is recommended to ensure environmental safety and public health.
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Esemu, Seraphine Nkie, Tendongmo Kinsley Aka, Achah Jerome Kfusi, Roland Ndip Ndip, and Lucy Mande Ndip. "Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae Count in Abattoir Wastes and Its Receiving Waters in Limbe Municipality, Cameroon: Public Health Implications." BioMed Research International 2022 (March 31, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9977371.
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The release of untreated wastes from abattoirs into the environment and nearby water bodies poses a significant threat to public health. Such litters may contain pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This study investigated 80 samples collected from butchering tables, slaughter slabs, meat rinsing points, and abattoir wastes receiving water from two abattoirs (A and B). Total Enterobacteriaceae count (TEC) for each sample was determined, and Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were isolated and identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done on all bacterial isolates against nine locally used antibiotics. Overall, 118 bacterial isolates, comprising E. coli (42.5%), Salmonella spp. (27.5%), Shigella spp. (37.5%), and S. aureus (40.0%), were recovered. Of the 118 bacterial isolates, 104 (88.1%) were multidrug-resistant, including 58 (55.8%) from abattoir A and 46 (44.2%) from abattoir B; however, this difference was not statistically significant ( p = 0.6837 ). Of the 32 S. aureus isolates, 29 (90.6%) were multidrug-resistant. All S. aureus were 100% sensitive to vancomycin, kanamycin, and amikacin. Similarly, 31 (91.2%) of the 34 E. coli isolates recovered in this study were multidrug-resistant. Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. also showed high levels of multidrug resistance corresponding to 81.8% and 86.7%, respectively. All isolates of E. coli, Salmonella, and Shigella were 100% resistant to ampicillin and 100% sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Minimum and maximum mean values for TEC were 3.62-5.83 log CFU/mL for abattoir A and 4.08–5.56 log CFU/mL for abattoir B. The highest and lowest TEC counts were from slaughter slab and upstream water, respectively, in each abattoir. Our results indicate a predominance of multidrug-resistant bacteria in abattoir wastes and their receiving waters in the study sites. Hence, we recommend the treatment of abattoir wastes before disposal and improved hygiene and sanitation practices to enhance public health.
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Casas, Diego, Alexandra Calle, Mariely Bueso, Nelson Huerta-Leidenz, Markus F. Miller, and Mindy M. Brashears. "Multiple Interventions for Improving Food Safety Practices in 2 Small Beef Abattoirs of Honduras and Associated Impacts on Risk-Mitigation Management." Environmental Health Insights 14 (January 2020): 117863022091459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178630220914596.
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Mitigation of risk for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella contamination was evaluated after a multiple-intervention approach (comprising food safety education and training, implementation of customized food safety practices and programs, and environmental monitoring programs with audits and corrective actions) in 2 small Honduran beef abattoirs. Previously, neither abattoir had food safety programs in place nor were they subjected to strict food safety regulatory surveillance. Abattoirs A and B were sampled on 4 nonconsecutive months each. Swab samples of abattoir A (n = 160, 40 samples per sampling date) and abattoir B (n = 78, 16-22 samples per sampling date) were taken from direct and indirect food contact surfaces, screened by BAX real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and confirmed using immunomagnetic separation, selective media, and latex agglutination. In abattoir A, Salmonella presence was negligible, whereas presumptive STECs were present in 10%, 12.5%, 0%, and 5% of the environmental samples respective to each sampling month, indicating a reduction of STEC ( P = .06) by the third and fourth sampling months. Conversely, presumptive STEC presence was negligible in abattoir B, whereas Salmonella presence for each sampling month was of 5.6%, 6.3%, 27.3%, and 0.0%, respectively. Upon the increased pathogen presence detected on the third sampling month, additional actions were taken to reinforce the implementation of food safety practices and programs, which resulted in a Salmonella reduction to 0% by the fourth sampling month ( P = .013). The satisfactory results strongly suggest that a multiple-intervention approach is crucial to improve food safety in this type of premises.
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Diyana, J. Nur Alia, M. I. Nur Mahiza, H. Latiffah, S. H. Nur Fazila, I. H. Lokman, H. Noor Hazfalinda, P. Chandrawathani, E. B. Ibitoye, and K. Juriah. "Occurrence, Morphometric, and Molecular Investigation of Cattle and Buffalo Liver Adult Fluke in Peninsular Malaysia Main Abattoirs." Journal of Parasitology Research 2020 (June 12, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5436846.
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Fascioliasis is a parasitic disease of human and animal caused by Fasciola gigantica (F. gigantica) and Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica). More than 700 million of grazing animals and over 180 million human population are at the risk of fascioliasis. This study was conducted in Banting, Ipoh, Shah Alam, and Taiping abattoirs within Peninsular Malaysia to determine the occurrence and identify the species of liver flukes, causing liver condemnation in cattle and buffaloes. Within a study period from January to December 2018, a total of 25 condemned bovine livers were collected from Banting, Ipoh, Shah Alam, and Taiping abattoirs and analyzed. Taiping abattoir had the highest occurrence of fascioliasis [14/1014 (1.38%)], and Shah Alam abattoir had the least occurrence [1/3377 (0.03%)]. From all the sampled livers, the average number of adult flukes recorded ranged from 1 to 83. A total of 440 adult flukes were studied morphometrically, using parameters such as body length (BL), body width (BW), cone length (CL), cone width (CL), body area (BA), body perimeter (BP), the distance between the ventral sucker and posterior end of body (VS-P), BL/BW ratio, BL/V-SP, and body roundness (BR). Furthermore, molecular analysis was conducted using PCR-RFLP methods to distinguish between F. gigantica and F. hepatica involving ITS1 primer and RsaI restriction enzyme. RFLP pattern with RsaI produced a consistent pattern of 360,100 and 60 bp fragments in F. hepatica, whereas F. gigantica worms had a profile of 360,170, and 60 bp in size. The morphometric and molecular analysis results indicated that cattle and buffaloes slaughtered at Banting, Shah Alam, Taiping, and Ipoh abattoirs were infected with F. gigantica.
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LASTA, JORGE A., RICARDO RODRÍGUEZ, MARTA ZANELLI, and CARLOS A. MARGARÍA. "Bacterial Count from Bovine Carcasses as an Indicator of Hygiene at Slaughtering Places: A Proposal for Sampling." Journal of Food Protection 55, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-55.4.271.
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A sampling technique by which the whole carcass is rubbed with a polyurethane sponge was used to study bacterial status on 523 beef carcasses at six different slaughterhouses over four different years. Although some abattoirs were differentiated based upon the psychrotroph counts from their carcasses, effects on counts of visits and season of sample taking, as well as interaction year x abattoir found at the other plants were large enough to mask the abattoir effect. Mesophile counts were not consistent enough to discriminate abattoirs, while, Enterobacteria, total and fecal coliforms, and Staphylococcus aureus coagulase-positive organisms showed very low counts and did not set apart differences. A guideline to monitor beef carcass hygiene and indirectely the hygiene of the slaughtering practices through the psychrotroph counts is proposed. A two-kinds sampling plan is suggested with “right-incorrect” as levels of hygiene. A sample unit (n) of 10, an acceptance number of contaminated carcasses (c) of 3, and a count limit (m) of 103 CFU/cm2 are proposed. Under this guideline, a lot of carcasses will be deemed as hygiene lacking when 4 or more, out of 10 carcasses, yield counts of 103 CFU/cm2 or higher.
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O., Edo-Taiwo, and Ehimuan O. O. "Fascioliasis in cattle slaughtered in government and privately-owned abattoirs in Ikpoba/Okha LGA, Edo State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 49, no. 6 (December 15, 2022): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i6.3865.
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Fascioliasis is a common helminthes infection with Fasciola gigantica parasite in cattle raised in Nigeria, causing significant economic loss due to liver damage. The prevalence of Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle slaughtered in four abattoirs [government owned (GO) and three private (P1, P2, P3)] in Ikpoba/Okha LGA, Edo State, Nigeria, as well as the economic loss due to liver damage and condemnation, were studied over a 12-month period (February, 2020 – January, 2021). Of the 17941 livers examined, 1774 (9.89%) were infected (mean intensity, 12.45 parasites/infected liver). Of the infected livers, 1738 (9.69%) had light infection, while 36 (0.20%) were severely infected and condemned.The GO abattoir had the highest prevalence (18.14%), followed by the P1 (8.65%), P3 (3.44%), and P2 (2.14%) abattoirs. The differences in infection prevalence were highly significant (P<0.001). Throughout the survey, the GO abattoir had the highest monthly prevalence of fascioliasis, followed by P1, which had high infection in nine of the 12 months surveyed. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in seasonal infection. The financial loss due to liver condemnation in the four abattoirs totaled ₦237,600.00, with the highest loss of ₦171,600.00 recorded in GO abattoir. This study found that fascioliasis is still prevalent in cattle raised in Nigeria. As a result, it is critical to ensure that cattle are raised in conditions that minimize infection risk while also providing adequate inspection and treatment of infected cattle to reduce liver damage and the attendant economic losses.
La fasciolose est une infection helminthique courante due au parasite Fasciola gigantica chez les bovins élevés au Nigéria, entraînant des pertes économiques importantes dues à des lésions hépatiques. La prévalence de l'infection à Fasciola gigantica chez les bovins abattus dans quatre abattoirs [appartenant au gouvernement (GO) et trois privés (P1, P2, P3)] à Ikpoba/Okha LGA, État d'Edo, Nigeria, ainsi que la perte économique due aux lésions hépatiques et condamnation, ont été étudiés sur une période de 12 mois (février 2020 – janvier 2021). Sur les 17941 foies examinés, 1774 (9,89%) étaient infectés (intensité moyenne, 12,45 parasites/foie infecté). Parmi les foies infectés, 1738 (9,69%) avaient une infection légère, tandis que 36 (0,20%) étaient gravement infectés et condamnés. L'abattoir GO avait la prévalence la plus élevée (18,14%), suivi du P1 (8,65%), P3 (3,44 %), et P2 (2,14 %) abattoirs. Les différences de prévalence de l'infection étaient hautement significatives (P<0,001). Tout au long de l'enquête, l'abattoir GO avait la prévalence mensuelle la plus élevée de fasciolase, suivi de P1, qui avait une infection élevée au cours de neuf des 12 mois de l'enquête. Il n'y avait pas de différence significative (p>0,05) dans l'infection saisonnière. La perte financière due à la condamnation du foie dans les quatre abattoirs s'est élevée à ₦237,600,00, la perte la plus élevée de ₦171,600,00 enregistrée dans l'abattoir GO. Cette étude a révélé que la fasciolose est toujours répandue chez les bovins élevés au Nigeria. Par conséquent, il est essentiel de veiller à ce que les bovins soient élevés dans des conditions qui minimisent le risque d'infection tout en assurant une inspection et un traitement adéquats des bovins infectés afin de réduire les dommages au foie et les pertes économiques qui en découlent.
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Sriyani, N. L. P., Putu Sampurna, and Gusti Ayu M. K. Dewi. "Bali beef organoleptic quality cut at Slaugtherhouse with different management at Mambal Slaugtherhouse, Pesanggaran Slaugtherhouse and Darmasaba Slaugtherhouse." International journal of life sciences & earth sciences 5, no. 1 (August 18, 2022): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijle.v5n1.1939.
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The purpose of the study was to determine the differences in management and organoleptic quality of male bali beef from slaughterhouses in Denpasar and Badung districts. The material used was male bali beef in the Longissimus Dorsi (LD) muscle which was cut at different abattoirs. The abattoirs are Mambal Slaugtherhouse, Pesanggaran Slaugtherhouse, and Darmasaba Slaugtherhouse. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments where three abattoirs were treated and 4 replications (4 times the frequency of collection) were assessed by 20 semi-trained panelists. The variables observed were the general description of abattoir management and organoleptic data of meat, namely color, aroma, texture, taste, tenderness, and overall acceptance. Data on management differences were analyzed descriptively and organoleptic data for meat were analyzed non-parametrically with Kruskal Wallis if there was a significant difference followed by the Man Witney test between the two treatments. The results of this study indicate that there is almost the same management in the government-run slaugtherhouse, namely the Mambal Slaugtherhouse, and the Pesanggaran Slaugtherhouse. The management in these two RPHs has met the SNI (Indonesian National Standard) while the community-managed slaugtherhouse, namely the Darmasaba slaugtherhouse, the management is not in accordance with the SNI standard.
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MIETTINEN, MARIA K., LIISA PALMU, K. JOHANNA BJÖRKROTH, and HANNU KORKEALA. "Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in Broilers at the Abattoir, Processing Plant, and Retail Level." Journal of Food Protection 64, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): 994–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-64.7.994.
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The environment and products from two broiler abattoirs and processing plants and raw broiler pieces at the retail level were sampled for Listeria monocytogenes in order to evaluate the contamination level of the broiler carcasses and products. Sampling started in the slaughtering process and finished with raw broiler meat or ready-to-eat cooked product. Sampling sites positive for L. monocytogenes at the broiler abattoir were the air chiller, the skin-removing machine, and the conveyor belt leading to the packaging area. The L. monocytogenes contamination rate varied from 1 to 19% between the two plants studied. Furthermore, 62% (38 of 61) of the raw broiler pieces, bought from retail stores, were positive for L. monocytogenes. Altogether, 136 L. monocytogenes isolates were obtained for serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) characterization performed with two rare-cutting enzymes (ApaI and AscI). Altogether three serotypes (1/2a, 1/2c, and 4b) and 14 different PFGE types were obtained using information provided from both ApaI and AscI patterns for discrimination basis. The two broiler abattoirs studied did not share the same PFGE types. However, the same PFGE types found in the raw broiler pieces at the retail level were also found in the broiler abattoirs where the broilers had been slaughtered.
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Enwezor, F. N. C., T. O. Olanrewaju, R. L. Bizi, M. A. Kugama, O. A. Abraham, R. J. Yusuf, M. J. Salawu, et al. "Screening for Pathogenic Trypanosomes in Cattle and Camels Slaughtered at Zango and Kawo Abattoirs, Kaduna State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Parasitology 44, no. 1 (April 17, 2023): 244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v44i1.24.
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African trypanosomosis remains one of the major diseases affecting food security and human healthy living in sub-Saharan Africa. This study screened domesticated animals for the presence of pathogenic trypanosomes in 1,050 slaughtered animals comprising 858 and 100 cattle respectively from Zango and Kawo abattoirs and 92 camels from Zango as Kawo abattoir neither slaughters nor sell camel meat. Both abattoirs are government-owned and located in Kaduna metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The animals examined were sourced from Bauchi, Yobe, Katsina, Kaduna, Kano, and Chad Republic. Blood samples were collected from each animal at the point of slaughter and examined using the buffy coat technique and Leishman-stained thick film for trypanosome identification. Packed cell volume (PCV) determination was conducted to assess the level of anaemia. Results indicated that 25 cattle and 2 camels (27) had an overall trypanosome infection rate of 2.57%. The trypanosomes observed were mainly Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma congolense, and Trypanosoma vivax. This study showed that sources of livestock slaughtered at various abattoirs can be a useful indicator in quantifying trypanosomosis risk. Continuous sensitization and awareness creation among the herders at the grass-root level is recommended for effective disease management towards increased livestock production and productivity required to sustain the rural economy and improve the livelihoods of the local populace.
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Mummed, Y. Y., and E. C. Webb. "Carcass Weight, Meat Yield and Meat Cuts From Arado, Boran, Barka, Raya Cattle Breeds in Ethiopia." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 18 (November 15, 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n18p45.
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This study was conducted with the objective to evaluate carcass weight, meat yield and primal meat cuts of beef from Arado, Boran, Barka, Raya and nondescript cattle breeds slaughtered at export abattoirs in Ethiopia. Data was collected from Abergelle and Melgawendo export abattoirs in 2011. The result of the study revealed that the average live weight, warm carcass weight, cold carcass weight and warm dressing percentage of cattle slaughtered at the abattoirs studied were 241.41±0.37 kg, 106.93±0.21 kg, 101.19±0.18 kg and 44.21±0.05%, respectively. Live weight, carcass weight and dressing percentage were differ (P < 0.001) between abattoirs, seasons and breeds of cattle slaughtered. Average meat yield and yield percentage of cattle slaughtered at Abergelle abattoir was 61.56±0.94 kg and 67.81±0.33%, respectively. Meat yield and weight of primal meat cuts were different (P < 0.001) between breeds of cattle. Yield percentage was significantly (p < 0.05) different between seasons. Retailed meat yield was significantly predicted (R2 = 88.1%) from slaughter weights, Topside (R2 = 77.86), Silverside (75.64), Knuckle (R2 = 70.13), Striploin (R2 = 70.73), Tenderloin (R2 = 61.33), Shank (R2 = 64.55) and Rumpcap (R2 = 64.48). From the study it was concluded that Boran cattle was better in dressing percentage compared to most cattle breeds in Africa while the dressing percentage and meat yield of Arado, Barka and Raya breeds were less than the percent and yield reported for other zebu cattle in Africa. A strategy should be devised to improve the carcass weight, dressing percentage and retail able meat yield from local cattle in Ethiopia.
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Owagboriaye, Folarin Ojo, Gabriel Adewunmi Dedeke, and Kehinde Olutoyin Ademolu. "Glutathione-S-Transferase Production in Earthworm as Tool for Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Abattoir Soil." Revista de Biología Tropical 64, no. 2 (May 13, 2016): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v64i2.18484.
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<p>The use of Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities in earthworm tissue as tool for assessment of heavy metal pollution in abattoir soils was evaluated in this study. Five (5) replicates each of earthworm species (<em>Libyodrilus violaceous</em>, <em>Eudrilus eugeniae</em> and <em>Alma millsoni</em>), soil and rumen waste samples were collected from three (3) abattoir sites (Lafenwa, Gbonogun and Madojutimi abattoirs) and a control site located within Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, beside an undisturbed stream with no rumen waste. Heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni and Mn) concentrations in rumen waste, abattoir soils and earthworm tissues were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The pH and organic matter (OM) concentrations of the rumen waste and abattoir soils were determined by standard methods. GST activities in the earthworm tissues were determined through the conjugation of 1mM reduced glutathione (GSH) with 1mM 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). The rumen waste recorded significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) % OM, heavy metal concentrations and pH level than in their respective abattoir soils. The mean heavy metal concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Mn were highest in the tissue of earthworm species obtained from Lafenwa abattoir. A significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher GST activities were recorded in the tissue of earthworm species obtained from Lafenwa and Gbonogun abattoirs. <em>Libyodrilous violaceus </em>obtained from Lafenwa abattoir recorded the highest GST activity (8.47±1.39) in their tissue followed by the ones from Gbonogun abattoir (8.21±0.85). A significant (p ≤ 0.05) positive correlations was observed between GST activities in earthworm tissues and heavy metal concentrations. GST activities can therefore be used to assess the level of heavy metal pollution in abattoir soils.</p><p><em>Keywords</em>: Glutathione-S-transferase, Biomarker, Earthworms, Heavy metals, Abattoir</p>
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Koenig, A., and W. C. Yiu. "Waste management in Hong Kong abattoirs." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 1 (July 1, 1999): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0070.
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This paper reports the results of an extensive investigation on the waste management in Hong Kong abattoirs with the following objectives: (i) to identify the existing waste management practices in relation to sources and quantity of wastes generated, methods of storage and handling of wastes, any in-house treatment, and final disposal of wastes, (ii) to identify the problems of existing waste management practices, and (iii) to evaluate the future development. To obtain up-to-date data and reliable information, site visits were conducted and the management of the abattoirs were interviewed in detail about the operation and waste management practices. For each abattoir and one associated by-product plant, detailed material balances were established for liquid and solid wastes. Complete quantitative results on waste loads, water consumption and material/waste flows are presented. Operational problems regarding wastewater treatment, as well as waste reduction and potential for reuse or recycle of solid wastes are discussed in the context of Hong Kong. Finally, information on the proposed new slaughterhouse (design capacity 5000 pigs and 400 cattle daily) is provided which will include a novel underground wastewater treatment plant.
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Garba, B., M. D. Salihu, B. Saidu, and U. G. Rambo. "Health hazards of abattoir effluents discharged from the Sokoto central abattoir, Nigeria." Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences 18, no. 1 (July 21, 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sokjvs.v18i1.7.
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This study was undertaken to determine the level of water pollution that can be attributed to effluents discharged from the Sokoto Central abattoir. Both surface and well water samples from the abattoir and adjacent wells were investigated to determine their microbial and physicochemical properties. Samples were collected from five different spots that include; effluents from the abattoir where visceral organs are washed (sample point A), two wells located in the adjacent livestock market (sample point B and C), drainage outside the abattoir (sample point D) and another well downstream the abattoir used for irrigation farming (sample point E). The values for pH, were 7.2, 8.0, 7.5 and 6.8 for all the sampling sites respectively. Similarly, the values of nitrate and BOD recorded were all within the acceptable limit except for point A which had nitrate (60.0 mgl-1) and BOD (26.8 mgl-1) above the acceptable limit. While the total coliforms, for sampling point A and D were found to be very high. There was a significant difference in the quality of water from the studied samples in comparison with the acceptable standard especially with respect to total coliform, BOD, COD, and nitrates. The findings from this study indicate that abattoirs have the potential to contaminate and pollute water sources which may produce a detrimental effect on the quality of groundwater despite the sieving process. Hence, measures should be taken to prevent locating abattoirs in close proximity to human dwellings. Similarly, for the existing ones encroached by human habitation, effective pollution control measures such as treatment of hazardous waste and minimizing the use of chemicals for industrial and agricultural purposes should be taken in order to preserve the quality of groundwater and minimize the potential resultant health effect caused by such contaminants.
Keywords: Abattoir effluents, Health hazards, Sokoto State, Water quality, Waste water
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Odetokun, Ismail Ayoade, Nma Bida Alhaji, Jibrin Aminu, Mohammad Kabir Lawan, Madinat Abimbola Abdulkareem, and Ibraheem Ghali-Mohammed. "One Health risk challenges and preparedness regarding bovine tuberculosis at abattoirs in North-central Nigeria: Associated drivers and health belief." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 9 (September 6, 2022): e0010729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010729.
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Background Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a serious public health and neglected zoonotic disease responsible for 147,000 human cases and 12,500 deaths annually. This study assessed knowledge, risk perceptions, and preventive practices regarding bTB among occupationally exposed abattoir workers and drivers for transmission in slaughterhouses. Methods Using a pre-tested questionnaire, we surveyed a cross-section of workers in five main abattoirs in North-central Nigeria between 2018 and 2019. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and univariable/multivariable logistic regression analyses at a 95% confidence level. Results All recruited respondents (n = 422: 77.7% meat processors and 22.3% meat and sanitary inspectors) participated and 10.4% had no formal education. About 44.0% and 27.0% of workers knew about bTB occurrence at the abattoirs and its transmission to humans. Less than one-third use personal protective equipment (PPE) during meat handling, only a few workers correctly practised routine handwashing, and 21.8% sterilized meat handling tools. A few participants (6.4%) had BCG vaccination against tuberculosis. Demographic characteristics (age, gender, occupation, and formal education) significantly influenced the perception and practices about bTB. A few workers perceived raw meat and milk, direct contact with infected carcasses, organs and contaminated fomites, contaminated environment through infected blood, dirty slaughtering floor, and aerosols of contaminated faeces as high-risk bTB transmission routes. Perceived drivers that influenced bTB transmission at abattoirs include unhygienic meat processing (OR = 5.4, 95%CI = 3.1–9.4, p < 0.001) and non-enforcement of abattoir standard operating systems (OR = 10.4, 95%CI = 6.0–18.5, p = 0.001). Conclusion The workers have low knowledge levels, perceptions, and practices toward bTB emergence. These demand the workers’ education on hygienic meat handling to mitigate the menace of the disease. Surveillance and preventive preparedness considering the identified drivers through the ’One Health’ approach are recommended.
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Marmion, B. P., R. A. Ormsbee, M. Kyrkou, J. Wright, D. A. Worswick, A. A. Izzo, A. Esterman, B. Feery, and R. A. Shapiro. "Vaccine prophylaxis of abattoir-associated Q fever: eight years' experience in Australian abattoirs." Epidemiology and Infection 104, no. 2 (April 1990): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800059458.
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SUMMARYDuring the period 1981–8 a clinical trial of a Q fever vaccine (Q-vax; Commonwealth Serum Laboratories, Melbourne) has been conducted in abattoir workers and other at-risk groups in South Australia. Volunteers in four abattoirs and visitors to the abattoirs were given one subcutaneous dose of 30 μg of a formalin-inactivated, highly-purifiedCoxiella burnetiicells, Henzerling strain, Phase 1 antigenic state, in a volume of 0·5 ml.During the period, over 4000 subjects have been vaccinated and the programme continues in the abattoirs and related groups. ‘Common’ reactions to the vaccine comprised tenderness and erythema, rarely oedema at the inoculation site and sometimes transient headache. Two more serious ‘uncommon’ reactions, immune abscess at the inoculation site, were observed in two subjects, and two others developed small subcutaneous lumps which gradually dispersed without intervention.Protective efficacy of the vaccine appeared to be absolute and to last for 5 years at least. Eight Q fever cases were observed in vaccinees, but all were in persons vaccinated during the incubation period of a natural attack of Q fever before vaccine-induced immunity had had time (≥ 13 days after vaccination) to develop. On the other hand, 97 Q fever cases were detected in persons working in, or visiting the same abattoir environments.Assays for antibody and cellular immunity showed an 80–82% seroconversion after vaccination, mostly IgM antibody to Phase 2 antigen, in the 3 months after vaccination. This fell to about 60%, mostly IgG antibody to Phase 1 antigen, after 20 months. On the other hand, 85–95% of vaccinees developed markers of cell mediated immunity as judged by lymphoproliferative responses withC. burnetiiantigens; these rates remained elevated for at least 5 years.The Q fever vaccine, unlike other killed rickettsial vaccines, has the property of stimulating long-lasting T lymphocyte memory and this may account for its unusual protective efficacy as a killed vaccine.
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Tolera, Sina Temesgen, Fekade Ketema Alemu, and Dechasa Adare Mengistu. "Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Abattoir Workers Toward Abattoirs Waste Management in Eastern Ethiopia." Environmental Health Insights 16 (January 2022): 117863022210754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786302221075450.
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Background: During meat production, a large amount of wastes are generated that consist of feces, tissue waste, blood, fat, bone, animal trimmings, intestinal content, and urine that can be a potential risk to humans and the environment. Low knowledge, negative attitude, and poor practice can lead to poor waste management, which is more severe in developing countries like Ethiopia. Thus, the current study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of abattoir workers toward abattoir waste management in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Eastern Ethiopia’ abattoirs from 1st to 30th of January, 2020. Two hundred and sixty-seven (n = 267) abattoir workers in 4 selected abattoirs (Haramaya University, Haramaya town, Harar town and Dire Dawa City administration) were interviewed using a pretested structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical package. Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the strength between knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, and attitude and practice. A P-value of .05 was considered as a cut-off point for statistical significance. Results: This study revealed that 203 (76%) of the respondents had less knowledge, 69 (26%) had a positive attitude and 43 (16%) of them had a good practice toward abattoir waste management. There was a statistically significant difference between socio-demographic characteristics (education, work experience, and salary) and knowledge, attitudes and practices of the study participants. This study found moderate positive correlations between knowledge and attitude [ r = .404, P = .013], weak positive correlations between knowledge and practice [ r = .229, P = .009], and strong positive correlations between attitude and practice [ r = .717, P = .023] of the abattoir workers toward waste management. Conclusion: This study concluded that more than one-quarter, less than one-quarter, and about 3-quarter of the participants had less knowledge, negative attitude, and poor practice, respectively toward abattoir waste management. Therefore, regulatory bodies and other relevant industries must implement effective control measures that can be important to increase the knowledge, attitude, and practices of abattoir workers toward waste management.
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DUFFY, LESLEY L., and NARELLE FEGAN. "Prevalence and Concentration of Arcobacter spp. on Australian Beef Carcasses." Journal of Food Protection 75, no. 8 (August 1, 2012): 1479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-093.
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The International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods (ICMSF) classified Arcobacter spp. as emerging pathogens in 2002. Arcobacter spp. have been isolated from numerous food products at retail and from animal carcasses and feces at slaughter. A survey was conducted to determine both the prevalence and concentration of Arcobacter spp. on prechill beef carcasses. Surface swab samples were collected from 130 beef carcasses at the end of processing, prior to chilling. The concentration of Arcobacter spp. was determined by a most-probable-number per square centimeter (3 by 3) method with a limit of detection of 0.12 CFU/cm2. Of the 100 carcasses examined from export abattoirs, 20 (20.0%) were contaminated with Arcobacter spp., and 5 of these had quantifiable levels of contamination ranging from 0.12 to 0.31 CFU/cm2. Of the 30 carcasses examined at a pet food abattoir, 25 (83.3%) were contaminated with Arcobacter spp., and 10 of these had quantifiable levels of contamination ranging from 0.12 to 0.95 CFU/cm2. Three species of Arcobacter, A. butzleri, A. cryaerophilus, and A. skirowii, were identified by PCR. Each of the species was present in an approximately equal ratio from export abattoirs. This study demonstrates that slaughter practices at export abattoirs are sufficient to maintain both low prevalence and low levels of contamination of beef carcasses with Arcobacter spp.
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MUHAMMAD, A. A., J. J. AJAKAIYE, L. O. DANLADI, B. Mohammad, F. SAMBO, K. OMOTOSHO, and K. Y. JARMAI. "THE PREVALENCE OF NATURAL MIXED INFECTION OF T. congolense and T. vivax IN CATTLE FROM SELECTED ABATTOIRS IN KADUNA METROPOLIS, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA." FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/jaat.2022.0802.04.
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Animal trypanosomiasis is a complex disease of animals found in Africa causing serious economic loss in animal production. This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of natural mixed infection in cattle from selected abattoirs in Kaduna metropolis. Wet mount and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the presence of trypanosomes in blood of cows which showed a prevalence of 17% for T. congolense and 4.3% for T. vivax while mixed infection of 1.3% was observed from two abattoirs. Tudun-wada abattoir was statistically significant at p<0.005. Further analysis conducted using PCR technique showed the presence of genomic DNA of trypanosomes from positive samples obtained from wet mount method as seen in plate 1. Primers TCS 344-345 for T. congolense at 437bp and TVW1-2 for T. vivax at 399bp confirmed the presence of both parasites as seen in plate 2. In conclusion, this study showed the presence of both parasites in natural mixed infection in cattle from Tudun Wada and Kawo abattoirs in 4 cows each. This also indicates that natural mixed infection can occur in the field invading the immune system of affected hosts. Therefore, we suggest that microscopy and PCR should be used side by side for effective detection of these parasites so as to proffer appropriate control measure in combating the menace of African animal trypanosomiasis.
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Nwankwo, I., J. Nwanta, and J. Onunkwo. "Abattoirs as meat safety and disease surveillance points in Nigeria: The case of Ikpa slaughterhouse, Nsukka, Nigeria." Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences 21, no. 1 (June 13, 2023): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sokjvs.v21i1.6.
Full textAbstract:
Abattoirs are imperative surveillance points for early detection, monitoring and disease control along the meat supply chain. However, their function in this regard has remained underdeveloped in Nigeria even in the midst of pre-disposing factors of disease spread. In view of this, a descriptive study on the status of Ikpa slaughterhouse, Nsukka on the provision of physical facilities and the competency of workers for adequate meat inspection, good hygiene practices and waste management were evaluated by observation and interview of key stakeholders. Dilapidated facilities, poor waste management, poor knowledge and attitudes of butchers on hygiene and zoonosis as identified, pose limitations for meat inspection, hygiene standards and disease reporting practice at Ikpa slaughterhouse, Nsukka, Nigeria. The slaughterhouse is of very poor standard as a meat safety and disease surveillance point, hence the urgent need for the establishment of a contemporary abattoir, regular training and equipping of skilled staff to the ideals of abattoirs as meat safety and disease surveillance points in Nigeria.
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Murray, E. "Welfare in abattoirs." BSAP Occasional Publication 23 (January 1999): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00033206.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe Meat Hygiene Service (MHS) is responsible for the enforcement of the welfare legislation governing the slaughter of a wide range of food animal species. The principal legislation is contained in the Welfare of Animals (Slaughter or Killing) Regulations 1995 (WASK) which give effect to the Provisions of Council Directive 93/119/EC on the Protection of Animals at Time of Slaughter or Killing, as contained in the EU Official Journal No. 340, 31/12/93. Codes of practice, prepared and issued by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food after consultation with all interested parties, provide guidance in respect of these welfare regulations. The legislation governing animal transit are contained in the Welfare of Animals (Transport) Order 1997 (WATO) which is enforced by local authorities, although MHS officers at abattoirs monitor the unloading of livestock and carry out ante-mortem inspections. Animal welfare standards, which must never be compromised, should be continually improved and based on sound science rather than on uninformed opinion and anthropomorphism. There is a need for more high quality research on animal welfare, for clear concise user-friendly codes of practice for the industry, and for continued education of all parties involved, including consumers.