Journal articles on the topic 'Abandoned and flooded mine'
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1
Tyuleneva, Tatyana, and Gennady Studenok. "Improvement methods of mining enterprises wastewater purification from nitrogen compounds." E3S Web of Conferences 303 (2021): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130301016.
Abstract:
A typical negative impact on water resources for mining companies engaged in blasting operations is the discharge of quarry and mine water contaminated with nitrogen compounds. The solution of the problem under consideration is assumed with an integrated approach based on the use of partially flooded abandoned mine workings already available at the enterprise as bioengineered structures. The article substantiates and confirms the possibility of using flooded abandoned open-pit mine workings for the treatment of wastewater from mines and quarries contaminated with nitrogen compounds from the most environmentally hazardous components by natural microbiological nitrification. The advantages and disadvantages of the applied cleaning methods are investigated. The possibility of applying the method of biological purification based on the use of flooded waste workings with the existing natural ecosystem is justified from the point of view of economic efficiency. The advantages of this method are described and the effectiveness of its application is confirmed.
2
Drabkowski, Edwin F. "Water Quality Impacts at Abandoned Hardrock Mines." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 3-5 (August 1, 1993): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0442.
Abstract:
Water quality pollution from abandoned mines is becoming an issue of growing awareness and concern. This concern is exacerbated by the fact that there are countless numbers of inoperative facilities with serious environmental, safety, and health problems. Abandoned tailings piles eroding heavy metals and sediment into watercourses, flooded tunnels and open pits filled with toxic water, unmarked open shafts and adits, and rotting timbers are some of the hazards facing unsuspecting humans and wildlife. The purpose of this paper is to identify and characterize water quality sources at abandoned hardrock mine sites and best management practices (BMPs) used to control polluted runoff. There is a need to clearly define the best approach for controlling nonpoint pollution sources at abandoned mines. These are issues that could be addressed in reauthorization of the Clean Water Act.
3
Dakos, Zuzana, Daniel Kupka, Michal Kovařík, Katarína Jablonovská, Václav Krištúfek, and Marcela Achimovičová. "Secondary Iron Minerals Present in AMD Sediments from Smolník Abandoned Mine." Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica 11, no. 2 (December 1, 2012): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10296-012-0009-9.
Abstract:
Abstract The genesis of acid mine drainage (AMD) is conditioned by existence of indigenous chemolithotrophic iron and sulfur oxidizing bacteria, especially of genus Acidithiobacillus. The result of the oxidizing weathering of metal sulfides is a sequential formation of ochreous precipitates in drainage systems and in the surroundings of AMD seepage on the surface. The long-term monitoring of AMD waters collected at the shaft Pech that receives the majority of waters draining the flooded Smolník mine area point out the enduring contamination risk of particular components in the environment of Smolník mine area. Elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, Mossbauer spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy of the ochreous precipitates formed from Smolník AMD stream revealed schwertmannite as the dominant solid phase in the precipitates. The chemical analysis of AMD effluents and the elemental composition of related sediments indicated considerable scavenging potential of the ochreous precipitates towards metal cations and oxyanions of arsenic and sulfate
4
Aljoe, W. W. "Hydrologic and Water Quality Characteristics of a Partially-Flooded, Abandoned Underground Coal Mine." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1994, no. 2 (1994): 178–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr94020178.
5
Kuchovský, Tomáš, Adam Říčka, and David Grycz. "Using Numerical Modeling to Understand the Discharge from a Flooded Abandoned Underground Mine." Mine Water and the Environment 36, no. 4 (May 3, 2017): 606–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10230-017-0455-3.
6
Luptakova, Alena, Tomislav Spaldon, and Magdalena Balintova. "Remediation of Acid Mine Drainage by Means of Biological and Chemical Methods." Advanced Materials Research 20-21 (July 2007): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.20-21.283.
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The formation and treatment of acid mine drainage is the biggest environmental problems relating to mining and processing activities in the worldwide. Various methods are used for the sulphates and heavy metals removal from acid mine drainage in the world, but any of them is universal. Main aim of the paper is the interpretation of chemical and biological-chemical methods for the metals and sulphates removal from acid mine drainage sample. The chemical method is based on the sulphates precipitation by the sodium aluminate in combination with the calcium hydrate. The biological-chemical method is based on the application of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB). A sample of acid mine drainage from the abandoned and flooded deposit of Smolník located in Slovak republic was used in this study.
7
Stoertz, Mary W., Michael L. Hughes, Nathaniel S. Wanner, and Mitchell E. Farley. "Long-term water quality trends at a sealed, partially flooded underground mine." Environmental and Engineering Geoscience 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gseegeosci.7.1.51.
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Abstract An abandoned underground coal mine complex in southeastern Ohio was hydraulically sealed in 1980 by a 300-m long subsurface clay dike and mine-entry seals near the down-dip coal outcrop. Clay plugs also were emplaced in separate entries at a higher elevation than the dike. The intent was to flood the mine to decrease acid mine drainage. A few months after construction, an entry-seal clay plug blew out at an elevation corresponding to 85-90 percent inundation, and drains in natural materials supporting the dike began flowing, indicating leakage through or around the dike. Given these early setbacks, the objective of this study was to assess the sealing project after 20 years. Seasonally, inundation can reach 85-90 percent, but high water levels are transient because of leakage. Nevertheless, mine water chemistry indicates partial suppression of pyrite oxidation. Since sealing, mine water pH increased from 2.7 to 5.3, conductivity decreased from 2700 to 600 mu S/cm, and DO is <2 percent saturation. In a stream receiving the mine drainage, acidity and metals concentrations are highest at low flow due to release of stored mine water, but acid and metal loadings are lowest at those times. The improvement in water quality due to sealing is distinguished from annual variance or natural attenuation by using a nearby unsealed mine as a control. Factoring out pre-sealing differences between the two mines, decreases in acidity loading due to sealing are significant, and the sealing project has been beneficial.
8
Lhoste, Elise, Francis Comte, Kevin Brown, Alain Delisle, David Jaclin, Violaine Ponsin, Maikel Rosabal, and Cassandre Sara Lazar. "Bacterial, Archaeal, and Eukaryote Diversity in Planktonic and Sessile Communities Inside an Abandoned and Flooded Iron Mine (Quebec, Canada)." Applied Microbiology 3, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol3010004.
Abstract:
Abandoned and flooded ore mines are examples of hostile environments (cold, dark, oligotrophic, trace metal) with a potential vast diversity of microbial communities rarely characterized. This study aimed to understand the effects of depth, the source of water (surface or groundwater), and abiotic factors on the communities present in the old Forsyth iron mine in Quebec (Canada). Water and biofilm samples from the mine were sampled by a team of technical divers who followed a depth gradient (0 to 183 m deep) to study the planktonic and sessile communities’ diversity and structure. We used 16S/18S rRNA amplicon to characterize the taxonomic diversity of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. Our results show that depth was not a significant factor explaining the difference in community composition observed, but lifestyle (planktonic/sessile) was. We discovered a vast diversity of microbial taxa, with taxa involved in carbon- and sulfur-cycling. Sessile communities seem to be centered on C1-cycling with fungi and heterotrophs likely adapted to heavy-metal stress. Planktonic communities were dominated by ultra-small archaeal and bacterial taxa, highlighting harsh conditions in the mine waters. Microbial source tracking indicated sources of communities from surface to deeper layers and vice versa, suggesting the dispersion of organisms in the mine, although water connectivity remains unknown.
9
Ogasawara, H., Y. Kuwabara, T. Miwa, K. Fujimori, N. Hirano, and M. Koizumi. "Post-seismic Effects of an M 7.2 Earthquake and Microseismicity in an Abandoned, Flooded, Deep Mine." Pure and Applied Geophysics 159, no. 1 (January 2002): 63–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00001267.
10
Wessel, Michael, Reinhard Madlener, and Christoph Hilgers. "Economic Feasibility of Semi-Underground Pumped Storage Hydropower Plants in Open-Pit Mines." Energies 13, no. 16 (August 12, 2020): 4178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164178.
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This work aims at the economic evaluation of a semi-underground pumped hydro storage power plant erected in an abandoned open-pit mine. For the exploratory model-based analysis, we develop and apply both a simple deterministic and a stochastic net present value (NPV) approach, the latter of which uses a Monte Carlo simulation to account for revenue uncertainty from electricity price fluctuations. The analytical framework developed is applied to two promising sites in the Rheinland region in Germany, Hambach and Inden, making reasonable parameter value assumptions and considering and ignoring the lengthy duration of lower reservoir flooding. The investor’s value-at-risk is computed for alternative performance indicators (NPV, net cash recovery, profit-to-investment ratio, and specific production costs) to compare the different outcomes in terms of the project’s financial risk distribution. Calculations show that a semi-underground pumped hydro storage power plant in an abandoned open-pit mine can be constructed at reasonably low investment costs and operated at low specific production costs. However, because the investment has to be made long before the pit lake is (naturally) flooded—a process that for realistic flow rates may take up to 20 years—the project is highly uneconomical and would require substantial subsidies, as compared to a situation where flooding happens immediately.
11
McDonough, Kathleen M., Douglas C. Lambert, Pradeep Mugunthan, and David A. Dzombak. "Hydrologic and Geochemical Factors Governing Chemical Evolution of Discharges from an Abandoned, Flooded, Underground Coal Mine Network." Journal of Environmental Engineering 131, no. 4 (April 2005): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2005)131:4(643).
12
Reifsnyder, Richard H., Robert A. Brennan, and John F. Peters. "SODIUM SILICATE GROUT TECHNOLOGY FOR EFFECTIVE STABILIZATION OF ABANDONED FLOODED MINES." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1988, no. 2 (1988): 390–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr88020390.
13
Reifsnyder, R. H., R. A. Brennan, and J. F. Peters. "Sodium Silicate Grout Technology for Effective Stabilization of Abandoned Flooded Mines." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1988, no. 2 (1988): 390–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr880210390.
14
Trovão, João, Fabiana Soares, Diana Sofia Paiva, João Pratas, and António Portugal. "A Snapshot of the Microbiome of a Portuguese Abandoned Gold Mining Area." Applied Sciences 14, no. 1 (December 26, 2023): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14010226.
Abstract:
Microbial communities are known to contribute deeply to geochemical cycles, including weathering, protection from erosion and mineral precipitation. Studies aiming to understand mining areas’ microbiomes are of high relevance since they can help pinpoint the occurrence of environmental shifts, key bioremediation species, environmental metals recovery strategies, and microorganisms with relevant industrial properties. Nonetheless, so far, the study of Portuguese gold-rich areas’ microbiomes has been largely neglected. The main goal of this study was to apply high-throughput sequencing methods to study the microbiome (Bacteria and Fungi) and predict their functional/metabolic profiles in an abandoned Portuguese gold mining area (considering zones without a history of mining, the tailings and the flooded mine interior). The results obtained revealed high bacterial and fungal diversities at these sites while also pinpointing the presence of relative homogenous bacterial and heterogenous fungal communities. Areas without mining history were mainly dominated by WD2101 soil groups, Sphingomonas, Candidatus Solibacter, Helotiales, unclassified Fungi and Arxotrichum. The tailings were mainly colonized by Bryobacter, WD2101 soil groups, WPS-2 genera, Starmerella, Helotiales and Mollisia. On the other hand, the mine area displayed a dominance of Crossiella, Gemmataceae, Acidobacteriaceae (Subgroup 1), Acidiphilium, Mortierella, unclassified Fungi and Chaetothyriales. Furthermore, we verified that contrary to bacteria, the fungal structural diversity is somewhat more restricted to each site. In addition, metabolic, functional and ecological profiles revealed a strong distinction for both bacterial and fungal communities while also revealing the presence of well-adapted communities to each of the particular microenvironments considered.
15
Inkin, Olexander V., Anatolii S. Kobets, and Nataliia I. Dereviahina. "Geotechnological Foundations of Mining Natural-Technogenic Deposits in Donbas." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 29, no. 3 (October 10, 2020): 530–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112048.
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The purpose of this study is to substantiate theoretically and technologically both parameters, formation and recovery schemes to use natural-technogenic and capacity resources of the mined coal deposits with the help of a set of geo-modules providing their activation, extraction, and storage depending on seasonable irregularity of energy consumption. Methods. Complex approach has been applied to achieve the purpose. The approach involves collection, systematization, and analysis of actual data concerning filtration as well as physical and mechanical characteristics of enclosing rocks, and seam mining conditions effecting formation of natural and technogenic deposits in addition to analytical and numerical methods to solve hydrogasodynamic, heat and mass transfer equations. The models reflect thermodynamic processes of a geocirculating system performance providing both heating and conditioning of industrial facilities and civic buildings since it accumulates summer heat and winter cold within the disturbed aquifers. Numerical modeling has been applied to simulate formation dynamics and a pattern of heat resource within an aquifer located over the coal seam being burnt depending on its inclination angle, coal mining stage, and aquifuge thickness. Originality. Spatial nonstationary model of heat transfer, simulating filtration direction, velocity of underground water and its temperature while carrier pumping and extracting from an aquifer for heat and cold supply of buildings according to ambient temperature has been developed and tested. Heat transfer mechanism within the flooded rock massif in an abandoned mine, followed by periodical injection and extraction of mine water from different levels, and its heating with the help of natural geothermal heat as well as underground burning of residual coal reserves has been analyzed. Practical implications. Operation parameters of a geotechnological module for reuse of thermal resource of the flooded mine workings while extracting and injecting water from different levels for heat and cold supply of buildings have been substantiated. It has been proved (in terms of the “Novohrodivska 2” mine being during liquidation) that the thermal flow, which is formed while coal burning and heated water pumping, is quite sufficient to meet calorific requirements of a town with 15 thousand inhabitants.
16
Bouchal, Tomáš, Jaroslav Závada, Hana Vojtková, Silvie Langarová, and Radim Havelek. "Primary Research of Mine Waters from the Chrustenice Iron-Ore Deposit/ Prvotní Průzkum Důlních Vod Železorudného Ložiska Chrustenice." GeoScience Engineering 58, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gse-2014-0041.
Abstract:
Abstract This paper describes the primary research of mine waters in the Chrustenice Iron-ore Deposit. A particular attention is paid here to the research of microorganisms living in that environment. The goal of the research is to analyse mine waters in the area which was abandoned by people more than 45 years ago and to investigate microorganisms and representatives of species present there in the mine waters. The Chrustenice Mine ranked among the biggest and most important iron ore mines in Barrandien. This mine along with the mines in Nučice, Zdice, Nový Jáchymov and Mníšek pod Brdy contributed to the fame of the regional mining industry. Sedimentary oolitic iron ore in Chrustenice consists mostly of red iron ore based on Černín layers, siderite and, to a lesser extent, of haematite and chamosite. In exceptional cases, magnetite is present there. The Černín shale is black clay shale with sandy ingredients and many potash-mica scales. Now, the mine is flooded up to the 8th level. In the remaining area, there is a mining history museum with dozens of exhibits. In samples of the mining water taken on the site, mostly iron, manganese and sulphur microorganisms were identified. The primary study of the mine waters in the iron-ore deposit shows that, from the microbiological point of view, this site is very interesting and many chemolithotrophic species of bacteria are present there.
17
McCullough, Cherie, Martin Schultze, and Jerry Vandenberg. "Realizing Beneficial End Uses from Abandoned Pit Lakes." Minerals 10, no. 2 (February 2, 2020): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10020133.
Abstract:
Pit lakes can represent significant liabilities at mine closure. However, depending upon certain characteristics of which water quality is key, pit lakes often also present opportunities to provide significant regional benefit and address residual closure risks of both their own and overall project closure and even offset the environmental costs of mining by creating new end uses. These opportunities are widely dependent on water quality, slope stability, and safety issues. Unfortunately, many pit lakes have continued to be abandoned without repurposing for an end use. We reviewed published pit lake repurposing case studies of abandoned mine pit lakes. Beneficial end use type and outcome varied depending upon climate and commodity, but equally important were social and political dynamics that manifest as mining company commitments or regulatory requirements. Many end uses have been realized: passive and active recreation, nature conservation, fishery and aquaculture, drinking and industrial water storage, greenhouse carbon fixation, flood protection and waterway remediation, disposal of mine and other waste, mine water treatment and containment, and education and research. Common attributes and reasons that led to successful repurposing of abandoned pit lakes as beneficial end uses are discussed. Recommendations are given for all stages of mine closure planning to prevent pit lake abandonment and to achieve successful pit lake closure with beneficial end uses.
18
Luo, Y., and J. Yang. "Effects of dewatering flooded abandoned room-and-pillar mines on surface subsidence." Mining Engineering 70, no. 6 (June 1, 2018): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19150/me.8298.
19
Winde, Frank. "Turning Water Pollution Sources Into Assets: Exploring Innovative Options Of Using Abandoned Mines For Generating And Storing Renewable Energy." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 13, no. 2 (June 24, 2020): 6–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2020-03.
Abstract:
Through moving large volumes of rock for decades or even centuries from geological underground to surface, industrial scale mining invariably alters the natural local and regional hydrological conditions. Consequences include irreversible changes of flow gradients and water quality in aquifers and streams effected through dewatering, ground subsidence, acid mine drainage, etc. During their lifetime mines spent significant resources and energy on maintaining an ever-increasing diversion from natural hydraulic equilibria through pumping rising volumes of ingress water from ever greater depths, especially if operating below water-rich formations (karst) or in humid climates. Associated pumping costs may even lead to premature mine closure. In cases where complete flooding of closed mines is not an option (e.g. to protect water resources or infrastructure) such costs remain well after mines closed for as long as flooding restrictions apply. In large and densely populated regions in South Africa or Germany, for example, where mining succeeded in triggering urbanisation and self-sustaining economic development it is (currently) assumed that pumping will be needed forever. Accordingly, postclosure water management is no longer only a long-term liability but indeed a perpetual burden placed on future generations that had little direct benefits from earlier mining. This paper focuses specifically on possible ways of reducing perpetual postclosure water management costs specifically of using abandoned mines for generating and storing renewable energy. It discusses successful examples already implemented, concepts investigated but not yet realised as well as technologies that received little, if any, attention to date. The latter range from using mines (included flooded ones) for the storage of electrical energy via different technologies, harvesting geothermal energy from mine water and voids to different ways of transforming chemical energy contained in mine water into electricity.
20
Matas, Alejandro, Francisco García-Carro, and Jorge Loredo. "Characterization of Laciana Valley District mine water as geothermal resource." E3S Web of Conferences 51 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3scconf/20185101003.
Abstract:
Laciana Valley District is a coal mining region located in northern Spain. This region counts with several mining facilities, among them: eight underground mines (six mountain mines and two mine shafts) and three open pit mines. Nowadays, all the mining facilities have been closed down and are flooded. The water found inside them could be used as a geothermal resource due to its thermal properties and the proximity to population. The aim of the study is to analyze the water of the facilities located in Laciana Valley and determine its potential to be used as a geothermal resource for a district heating system. In order to achieve this goal an extensive field work has been performed, nine different mine water discharges have been chosen and several water characteristics have been selected for analysis. The parameters measured have been pH, conductivity, hardness, temperature, turbidity and alkalinity. The results have been evaluated in order to determine the fluctuations of the physico-chemical parameters throughout a hydrological year and the mining facilities have been compared between each other regarding their mine water quality. The analysis of all the information gathered in the study shows a noteworthy thermal potential in the water of the abandoned mines of the region.
21
Matas, Alejandro, Francisco García-Carro, and Jorge Loredo. "Characterization of Laciana Valley District mine water as geothermal resource." E3S Web of Conferences 51 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185101003.
Abstract:
Laciana Valley District is a coal mining region located in northern Spain. This region counts with several mining facilities, among them: eight underground mines (six mountain mines and two mine shafts) and three open pit mines. Nowadays, all the mining facilities have been closed down and are flooded. The water found inside them could be used as a geothermal resource due to its thermal properties and the proximity to population. The aim of the study is to analyze the water of the facilities located in Laciana Valley and determine its potential to be used as a geothermal resource for a district heating system. In order to achieve this goal an extensive field work has been performed, nine different mine water discharges have been chosen and several water characteristics have been selected for analysis. The parameters measured have been pH, conductivity, hardness, temperature, turbidity and alkalinity. The results have been evaluated in order to determine the fluctuations of the physico-chemical parameters throughout a hydrological year and the mining facilities have been compared between each other regarding their mine water quality. The analysis of all the information gathered in the study shows a noteworthy thermal potential in the water of the abandoned mines of the region.
22
Menéndez, Javier, and Jorge Loredo. "Use of closured open pit and underground coal mines for energy generation: Application to the Asturias Central Coal Basin (Spain)." E3S Web of Conferences 80 (2019): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20198001005.
Abstract:
The idea to reducing the dependency of nuclear and fossil energy sources has risen in Spain, then, the use of closured coal mines for energy generation is thus in the political interest, and by 2020 it is intended that the country produces 20% of its energy from renewable sources, therefore replacing the energy based on fossil fuels. New studies on the framework of a circular economy have led to found new possibilities for closured coal mines in historical mine districts and mine water can be considered as a potential resource, converting mining exploitations into storage and production facilities of renewable energy and generating new economic activities in the mining regions. Abandoned and flooded mines constitute artificial karst type aquifers, and these created underground reservoirs can be economically managed to supply geothermal energy to villages around the shafts. This potential application of mine water, profitable in both economic and environmental terms, could contribute to improve economic and social conditions of traditional mining areas in gradual decline. On the other hand, the restored lands can be used for the production of biofuels through repopulation with fast-growing energy crops and high planting densities. This paper analyses the uses of mine water for energy generation both as geothermal resource and through pumped storage between an underground and a surface reservoir, furthermore the supply of productive restoration for biomass production in closured coal open pits is considered, in relation to their potential application to the closured coal mines from the Asturias Central Coal basin in Northern Spain.
23
Obosu, J. K., J. S. Y. Kuma, and W. K. Buah. "Estimation of the Quantity of Water in the Abandoned Underground Mine of Gold Fields Ghana Limited Tarkwa: A Potential Source to Augment Water Supply to Tarkwa Municipality." Ghana Mining Journal 19, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gm.v19i1.2.
Abstract:
The Tarkwa district is an important gold mining area in the Southwestern part of Ghana. The main source of potable water supply to the Tarkwa Nsuaem Municipality is from the Bonsa River treatment plant managed by the Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL). The River is under threat from serious contamination by illegal mining ("galamsey") activities within its catchment area. Consequently, the amount of water supplied to the Municipality has not kept pace with its growing population due to increasing treatment cost and supply difficulties. The need to find alternative and sustainable sources of potable water supply to augment that from GWCL to the Municipality has become imperative. A large void volume created as a result of the abandoned underground mine operated by Gold Fields Ghana Limited (GFGL), after its closure in 1999 has flooded. This potential water resource is being pumped out daily, and wasted, sometimes spilling-over to low lying areas around the mine when allowed to reach its decant level. This study estimated the quantity of water in the Abontiakoon Vertical Shaft (AVS) which is part of the large underground void using survey production figures and post-closure void filling parameters resulting in 2.8 x 106 m3 and 2.9 x 106 m3 respectively. The rate of recharge to the underground water was also estimated to ascertain the sustainability of the void water should it be considered for use by employing the model of predicting rebound on “void filling” basis and average dewatering rate before closure at 2 535 m3/day and 2 618 m3/day respectively; indicating that recharge to the AVS reservoir is about 6 x 106 gal/day or 30% of current daily water supply deficit in the TNM. The estimated potential volume of mine water in storage in the entire Tarkwa underground void is 32 x106 m3. Two samples of the mine water were taken in November 2011 and February 2015 for quality analysis, in order to have a fair knowledge of the water quality parameters. The quality of the underground water was found to be potentially good, and not likely to cause any health threats, or water quality problems. Depth sampling is recommended to determine the chemical profile of the reservoir. Keywords: Reservoir, Municipality, Bonsa River, Contamination, Tarkwa
24
Vervoort, Andre. "Impact of the Hydrogeological Conditions on the Calculated Surface Uplift above Abandoned and Flooded Coal Mines." Geosciences 12, no. 12 (December 14, 2022): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12120454.
Abstract:
Upward surface movement or uplift has been extensively observed above abandoned and flooded deep coal mines, which used the longwall mining method, i.e., a caving method. Detailed analysis of satellite measurements indicated that the process of uplift is one of the more complex phenomena in ground control. The observed uplift is linked to the flooding of the underground infrastructure and rock mass. This was confirmed by conducting analytical calculations. The distribution of water pressure at the end of the mining phase and their increase during the flooding is an important aspect in all estimations. The main objectives of the study are to compare the impact of various hydrogeological conditions of this distribution at the start of the flooding phase and to select the most realistic one. They range from a zero-water pressure to a linear decrease from the top to the bottom longwall panel. Different scenarios of how the water pressures change as a function of time are also compared, i.e., from filling an open reservoir from bottom to top, to a systematic change in the linear downward trend. The main conclusion is that a linear trend, i.e., the original assumed scenario, is the best option in comparison to the other scenarios evaluated. It provides the best fit between the estimated uplift values and the large amount of remote sensing measurements along north–south transects in the Belgian Campine coal basin.
25
Ribnikova, L. S., and P. A. Ribnikov. "Processes of hydrosphere self-rehabilitation and mine water treatment in post mining period." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 3-1 (March 20, 2020): 488–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-31-0-488-500.
Abstract:
The hydrosphere of catchments, which are disturbed by mining, is formed under the influence of not only natural, but also, to a large extent, man-made factors over a long period, sometimes tens or even hundreds of years. After the cessation of production, the return of the mining territory to a state as close to natural as possible is possible, as world experience shows, in exceptional cases, provided that the process of reclamation and revitalization is planned at the design stage of mining. In old industrial areas, the selfhealing processes of the hydrosphere are of great importance, which determine the time during which the territory should be considered as an object of accumulated environmental damage. At present, the total removal of metal compounds by mine waters in the discharge zones at flooded copper-ore mines of the Sverdlovsk region amounts to hundreds (manganese, zinc) and even thousands of tons per year (iron). The duration of self-rehabilitation of the hydrosphere of mining areas at the post-operational stage, i.e. the duration of the period during which the content of the main polluting components (copper, zinc, iron, sulfate ion) is reduced to the maximum permissible or background values, is tens or even hundreds of years. During this time, in order to prevent pollution of the underground and surface hydrosphere, expensive measures are required to implement a system of purification of underground and surface waters of the old industrial territory. The research was carried out on the basis of observations of the chemical composition of water bodies in the territory of the abandoned Levikhinsky mine since the beginning of the 2000s.
26
Bukowski, Przemysław. "Evaluation Of Water Hazard In Hard Coal Mines In Changing Conditions Of Functioning Of Mining Industry In Upper Silesian Coal Basin – USCB (Poland)." Archives of Mining Sciences 60, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 455–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amsc-2015-0030.
Abstract:
AbstractWater hazard has been accompanying underground mining since the first mines were built. The hazard is particularly often in the areas of mines situated in hydrogeologically outcropped part of USCB and in water rich formations of Cracow Sandstone Series. To plan properly mining actions and technical measures at each stage of life of a mine it is necessary to evaluate hydrogeological and geomechanical conditions and their changes. The conditions determine formation, occurrence and volume of the most serious sources of water hazard. Symptoms obtained in geomechanical tests and observations of forming and dewatering reservoirs of underground water, show that it is necessary to update constantly evaluation and classification of sources of water hazard or the state of water hazard in the coal mines of USCB.Development of underground mining in 1945-1990, which resulted in a quick increase in production, determined development and the range of influence of mining operations on the rock mass and the influence on the state of drainage and saturation of the rock mass. The result of the changes was an apparent influence on the changes in the state and shaping water hazards in the course of time. Since 1989 economic conditions of functioning of mines have been tightly associated with the conditions and rules of market economy. As a result of each of the so-called restructuring of mining activity a certain number of mining companies was closed, merged or split. The consequence is that in the vicinity of active mines and prospective mining areas, more and more often there are partially or completely flooded abandoned coal mines. Flooded coal mines have changed and still do hydrogeological conditions of their surrounding and force active mining companies to introduce changes in mining activities they are planning and conducting. The current state of flooding mine workings, is a result of realizing previous plans of restructuring mining industry, and all the changes of the state require hydrogeological documentation and evaluation of water hazard.In the today’s conditions of functioning of mining industry, sources of water hazards like water reservoirs in goafs, are one of six main types of sources of hazard, and at the same time the biggest problem and the most serious threat for active mine workings. As the hydrodynamic conditions in the closed areas stabilise and the water piles up close to the surface, an increase in the influence of reservoirs on the state of environmental and public hazard (subsidence, overflowing, flooding, pollution of water in the aquifers located in the overburden and surface water).As there is a qualitative change in the directions, causes and sources of water hazard, it shall be expected that the changes will tend to increase the threat level from the closed mines. Hence since 2000 the Central Mining Institute has been focused mainly on methodology research, both laboratory ones of various scale of observation referring to the properties of rocks and rock debris, and in situ ones and forecasting ones accompanied by proposed multidirectional applications of the developed methods in mining and environmental practice. The effect of the works was developing and patenting a few new methods. The effects of works which have been conducted in the last several years were proposed changes in defining water hazard, classifying the hazard and its sources. Classifications of underground water reservoirs, deposits located in the vicinity of reservoirs in closed coal mines and water safety of shafts were proposed. The devised test and evaluation methods have wide practical applications in evaluating water hazard and limiting the hazard, as well as estimating volume of water in reservoirs of closed mines and estimating energy of the water and free methane deposit in the abandoned goafs and mine workings. Their application in hydrogeology plays an important role in estimating volume of water in aquifers built of porous hard rocks. It is also important and applicable in environmental engineering to evaluate volume of water, estimating conditions of its accumulation and flow, and migration of pollution mainly within surface water reservoirs reclaimed with waste rock.
27
Kim, Yeongkyoo. "Geochemical Behavior of Potentially Toxic Elements in Riverbank-Deposited Weathered Tailings and Their Environmental Effects: Weathering of Pyrite and Manganese Pyroxene." Minerals 10, no. 5 (May 7, 2020): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10050413.
Abstract:
Uncontrolled management of mine tailings can cause serious environmental problems. Red and black deposits of weathered mine tailings are observed in the upstream of the Nakdong River in Korea, washed away from abandoned mines during floods. Herein, the geochemical and mineralogical changes that occur during weathering of these deposited mine tailings and the mobility of resulting potentially toxic elements were investigated. Primarily, johansennite (manganese pyroxene) was identified in the deposits. Goethite and jarosite were identified as secondary minerals in the red or brown layers. Manganese oxide (MnO) formed by the weathering of johansennite in the black layers and schwertmannite in the red and brown layers were also identified via energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The three most abundant potentially toxic elements in the residual and iron and manganese oxide fractions were Zn, Pb and As. The high percentage of potentially toxic elements in these oxide fractions indicated that the weathering products of pyrite and manganese pyroxene were crucial in fixing these elements, and MnO likely played an important role in controlling the behavior of heavy metals. In addition, metals were detected in significant concentrations in the exchangeable and carbonate-bound fractions, which can be toxic to the river’s ecological system.
28
Lamparska, Marzena. "The issues of drainage of discussed mines in the Katowice conurbation, Poland." Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/environ-2015-0003.
Abstract:
Abstract The Katowice conurbation is situated in the Upper-Silesian Coal Basin, in a region which had high rate of water inflow in the pre-mining period. In order to make deposits of mineral resources accessible, it was, and still is, necessary provide mines with a draining system, which now reaches as deep as 1200 m. The area of the depression sink which was thus created is about 1200 km2. Currently, all metal ore mines within the conurbation, as well as part of coal mines, have been closed down, but water which flows into them is still pumped out due to the legal obligation to protect neighbouring operating mines. After the operation and drainage of mines cease, water coming to abandoned excavations will begin restoring static reserves in the orogen, which, depending on hydrological conditions, will take between several and a few dozen years. As the level of underground water rises, the process of subsidence of old shallow mining excavations will intensify, and many depressions may appear in highly urbanized areas. In areas of mining subsidence, the underground water-table will be close to the surface, causing flooding of basements and building foundations, and the deepest subsidence basins will probably be completely flooded. Current location of operating mines on the northern and southern sides of the conurbation with the central belt of drained excavations is unfavourable for its sustainable development. A solution, which would make it possible for the conurbation to grow, would be to close down and flood the mines on the northern side as soon as their mining concessions expire, which will be in early 2020s. Then, the area would regain its original stability within a decade and all kinds of construction activities could be carried out there. That, however, requires authorities of municipalities to object to the extension of concessions for mines, which may be impossible to obtain due to fears of social discontent resulting from miners - residents of those municipalities - being made redundant.
29
Castellanza, R., G. M. Orlandi, C. di Prisco, G. Frigerio, L. Flessati, J. A. Fernandez Merodo, F. Agliardi, S. Grisi, and G. B. Crosta. "3D numerical analyses for the quantitative risk assessment of subsidence and water flood due to the partial collapse of an abandoned gypsum mine." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 26 (September 9, 2015): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/26/1/012058.
30
Franzaring, Jürgen. "Discharge and Water Quality of the River Moselle from 1990 to 2020 as Related to Climatic Changes and De-Industrialization." Water 14, no. 22 (November 8, 2022): 3600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14223600.
Abstract:
Reductions in industrial pollutant loads and the introduction and modernization of wastewater treatment facilities have improved the quality of inland waters in Europe and elsewhere, but climatic change, changes in runoff and the legacy of mine wastes may increase pressures on many aquatic environments. In the present study, data obtained by monitoring the French–German river are collated to visualize long-term trends in the pollution, river discharges and temperatures of Moselle waters. While air temperatures and accumulated heat sums in the catchment area showed an upward trend, precipitation and discharge levels as well as river temperatures were less affected by the ongoing climatic change. At the same time, the electric conductivity, i.e., the total suspended solids, did not show the anticipated reductions, while oxygen levels and pH values have showed upward trends since the 1990s. Despite the improvements in classical water quality parameters, the flooding of abandoned mines, increased water abstraction for cooling and agriculture and untreated old and emerging pollutants may aggravate environmental problems in the future. Climatic change will probably modify the runoff of pollutant loads by increasing the severity of flash floods and by concentrating water pollutants in drought spells.
31
Monjardin, Cris Edward F., Delia B. Senoro, Jeffersen James M. Magbanlac, Kevin Lawrence M. de Jesus, Carlito B. Tabelin, and Pablito M. Natal. "Geo-Accumulation Index of Manganese in Soils Due to Flooding in Boac and Mogpog Rivers, Marinduque, Philippines with Mining Disaster Exposure." Applied Sciences 12, no. 7 (March 30, 2022): 3527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073527.
Abstract:
This paper presents the effects of flooding on the accumulation of manganese (Mn) in soils within proximity of the Boac and Mogpog rivers in Marinduque of The Philippines. Marinduque, an island province in the Philippines, experienced two catastrophic tailings storage facility (TSF) failures in the 1990s that released sulfide-rich tailings into the two major rivers. The Philippines experiences 21–23 typhoons every year, 11 of which pass thru Marinduque that causing inundation of floodplain areas in the province. A flood hazard map developed using LiDAR DEM was utilized for the Boac and Mogpog rivers for an accurate representation of flooding events. A portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (pXRF) and a Hannah multi-parameter device were used for the on-site analyses of Mn concentration and water physico-chemical properties, respectively. Spatial grid mapping with zonal statistics was employed for a comprehensive analysis of all the data collected and processed. Correlation analysis was carried out on Mn concentrations in soil and surface water, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, temperature, curve number (CN), and flood heights. The curve number indicates the runoff response characteristic of the Mogpog-Boac River basin. The results show that 40% of the total floodplain area of Boac and Mogpog were subjected to high hazards with flood heights above 1.5 m. The Mn content of soils had a statistically significant moderate positive correlation with flood height (r = 0.458) and a moderate negative correlation with pH (r = −0.438). This condition suggested that more extensive flooding promotes Mn contamination of floodplain soils in the two rivers, the source of which includes the mobilization of Mn-bearing silt, sediments, and mine drainage from the abandoned mine pits and TSFs. There is also a strong negative correlation between pH and Mn concentrations in surface water, a relationship attributed to the solubilization of Mn-bearing precipitates based on geochemical modeling results. Using Muller’s geo-accumulation index, 77.5% of the total floodplain of the two rivers was identified as “moderately contaminated” with an average Mn soil content of 3.4% by weight (34,000 mg/kg). The Mn contamination map of floodplain soils in the Mogpog and Boac rivers described in this study could guide relevant regional, national, and local government agencies in planning appropriate intervention, mitigation, remediation, and rehabilitation strategies to limit human exposure to highly contaminated areas.
32
Ambrose, Philippa. "Contamination of flooded tin mine." Marine Pollution Bulletin 22, no. 9 (September 1991): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(91)90206-8.
33
Jiao, Yiwen, Yitian Liu, Wei Wang, Yujiao Li, Wentong Chang, Ao Zhou, and Ronglong Mu. "Heavy Metal Distribution Characteristics, Water Quality Evaluation, and Health Risk Evaluation of Surface Water in Abandoned Multi-Year Pyrite Mine Area." Water 15, no. 17 (September 1, 2023): 3138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15173138.
Abstract:
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a major anthropogenic source of heavy metal discharge worldwide. However, little research has been carried out on the development of AMD in abandoned pyrite mines and the heavy metal contamination of mine surface water. The aim of this study was to investigate and assess heavy metal pollution in three streams within an abandoned pyrite mine area in southeastern Shaanxi Province, China. Surface water pollution was assessed using the pollution index assessment method and the health risk assessment model. The results showed that the combined heavy metal pollution indices of the surveyed rivers were Tielu Creek (4699.227), Jiancao Creek (228.840), and Daoban Creek (68.106). After multivariate statistical analysis, it was found that the tailings slag and mine chamber in the abandoned mine area were the main causes of AMD, and AMD posed a serious risk of heavy metal pollution to the surrounding waters. The risk of carcinogenicity of heavy metals is also quite high in the surface water of mining area. Therefore, there is an urgent need to ecologically manage heavy metal pollution from abandoned mine sites, and this study provides insights into understanding heavy metal pollution in the aquatic environment of abandoned mine sites.
34
Tanciongco, Alexandria, Rico Neil Quierrez, Jessie Samaniego, Cris Reven Gibaga, and Mariel Montano. "Integrating Historic Mine Hazard Scoring for Comprehensive Assessment of Abandoned Mine Rehabilitation in the Philippines." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 13, no. 4 (2022): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2022.13.4.1380.
Abstract:
Abandoned mines remain a social, environmental, and health-risk problem for the Philippines. These abandoned sites are generally characterized by water-filled pit lakes surrounded with disturbed and exposed soils and sediments containing elevated values of heavy metals and other environmental contaminants. Previous studies with abandoned mines in the Philippines have initiated the use of integrated methods for the assessment of existing abandoned mine site conditions as a tool for decision-making. To further provide a numerical basis for rehabilitation prioritization, this paper aimed to utilize the modified Historic Mine Site Scoring System (HMS-SS) for physical and environmental hazard assessment of the abandoned mercury mine located in Barangay Sta. Lourdes, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines and to produce hazard classification maps based on the generated scores. Results identified the pit lake to be extremely hazardous physically, however, the liquid material (rainfall accumulation in the pit) yielded very low environmental hazard scores with only a few identified points that exceed the regulatory limit. Moreover, the two (2) identified mine tailings sites were found to be physically moderately hazardous but are categorized as extremely hazardous for the environmental aspect. The hazard scoring, coupled with the integrated environmental methods for characterization and development of hazard maps, is recommended as a scientific and quantitative basis for providing decisions in priority of actions to be taken with regards to abandoned mine sites.
35
Rhodes, Mark J. "EVOLUTION OF ABANDONED UNDERGROUND HARDROCK MINE CWSURES BY THE TEXAS ABANDONED MINE LAND RECLAMATION PROGRAM." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1997, no. 1 (1997): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr97010175.
36
Rudakov, Dmytro, Yajun Sun, and Oleksandr Inkin. "NUMERICAL MODELLING TOXIC SUBSTANCE TRANSPORT IN MINE WATER FLOWS." JOURNAL of Donetsk mining institute 53, no. 2 (December 2023): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/1999-981x-2023-2-71-81.
Abstract:
The purpose of this work is to develop and test a methodology for modelling the migration of toxic substances left after mining in mine water flows in a system of hydraulically connected mine workings of various sizes and elevations depending on the drainage parameters. Methods of research include the analysis of factors that influence the formation of the hydraulic regime in flooded mines, the accumulation and transport of toxic substances. Parameters of moving toxic substances in mine waters are calculated using hydraulic flow equations written for mining workings, with flooded workings being considered as pipelines with distributed recharge. Modelling of non-stationary 1D transport in water from local sources of toxic substances was performed using the finite difference method. Results. Flow rates and velocities in flooded mine workings on two hydraulically connected horizons of different elevations were calculated. For different locations of sources of toxic substances on the example of polychlorinated biphenyls, their concentrations in mine waters along the migration path and at the water hoisting at different flow rates were calculated. The influence of increased water withdrawal, dilution with additional recharge along the migration path and the position of potential sources of substances in the flooded mine were investigated. It wasshown that for the considered example, increasing the water outflow rate by two times accelerates the stabilisation of mass transport with an increase in the daily removal of substances by 3.4–6.4 times, which is more active from the upper horizon. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the transport of substances in flooded workings was simulated by combining a hydraulic flow model with a numerical transport model. Unlike 2D and 3D numerical transport models based on solid mechanics, which average the concentration in the grid blocks, the proposed approach allows the reproduction of the geometry of the mined-out space more accurately. It provides a more realistic distribution of flow velocities and concentrations depending on the parameters of the mine water withdrawal, depth of mine workings, and the mine water level. Practical significance. Using the tested methodology will make it possible to perform engineering predictions of the quality of groundwater and surface water near closed mines for different periods at different levels of flooding, water withdrawal rates and depths of the pumps for mine water drainage. In addition, the proposed technique can be used to justify the conceptual scheme of the numerical hydrogeochemical model of the post-mining areas. Keywords. Close mines, toxic substances, flooded workings, hydraulic flow, water hoisting, transport model.
37
Żurek, Roman. "Zooplankton of a flooded opencast sulphur mine." Aquatic Ecology 40, no. 2 (December 6, 2005): 177–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10452-005-9002-6.
38
Mokhov, A. V. "Mine water drainage from flooded coal mines." Doklady Earth Sciences 438, no. 2 (June 2011): 733–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1028334x11060092.
39
Shi, Yungang, Huaijian Wang, Xin Tan, Yuxuan Jin, Jiaxu Wang, and Bigang Tang. "A Stability Analysis of an Abandoned Gypsum Mine Based on Numerical Simulation Using the Itasca Model for Advanced Strain Softening Constitutive Model." Applied Sciences 13, no. 23 (November 22, 2023): 12570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132312570.
Abstract:
An abandoned gypsum mine has been discovered beneath the route of a highway construction in Hunan province, south China. Due to the highway construction and operations safety, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive stability analysis of the abandoned mining area. The 3D laser scanning detection technique has been adopted, and over 400 drillholes were strategically placed near the highway to capture the spatial information of the abandoned gypsum mine. The ore body has an average mining thickness of about 3 m, and the depth of the mining roof ranges from 40 to 60 m, with an average span of 16 m. Based on the research achievements in the engineering geological investigation, rock mass quality assessment, and geometry information, a simplified numerical model has been established for stability analysis. The numerical model employed the IMASS rock mass constitutive model to conduct a stability analysis of the abandoned gypsum mine during the excavation process and in the medium to long term. The IMASS constitutive model can effectively reflect the entire process of rock mass from microscopic damage to macroscopic instability, and the numerical simulation of current and long-term stages provides a much greater understanding of the mining room stability and the effect of various geo-mechanical parameters not considered in traditional empirical methods. The abandoned gypsum mine stability is guaranteed in the mining and current stages. However, the numerical results showed that a 0.4 m spalling thickness of the sidewalls can cause an overall instability and failure of the abandoned mine, and reinforcement measures must be taken for long-term safety. The stability of the abandoned gypsum mine with filling solutions was also evaluated numerically.
40
Ilyin, Grigory S. "Abandoned mines in Khibiny Mts." Herald of Kola Science Centre of the RAS 12, no. 3-2020 (October 10, 2020): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5228.2020.12.3.005.
Abstract:
Two abandoned mines the Molybdenitovyi mine on Takhtarvumchorr Mountain and the Lovchorritovyi mine in the Gakman’ Gorge were developed in the 1930s. At present, they are regarded as original mon-uments of the period of the industrial development of the Khibiny, as well as popular tourist sites located in transport and walking distance from Kirovsk.
41
Bétournay, Marc C. "Abandoned Metal Mine Stability Risk Evaluation." Risk Analysis 29, no. 10 (October 2009): 1355–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01267.x.
42
Schmotz, Walter, and Annika Peters. "Contaminated site, abandoned mine, landfill Morgenstern." at - Automatisierungstechnik 70, no. 10 (October 1, 2022): 919–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auto-2022-0070.
Abstract:
Abstract The contaminated site “Morgenstern” in the German federal state Lower Saxony is an example of a complex case of remediation. The measures illustrated in this article are carried out in a conventional manner but represent a potential scope of application for robotic systems. Objective is the removal of a deposition of soil contaminated with drum residuals and chemical waste at the edge of an open pit within an abandoned iron ore mine. The slope angle of the area of operation is 45 degrees. Gas emissions from the depository above as well as organic substance residues in the contaminated layer below lead to a toxic and explosive atmosphere. In addition, the site’s critical structural integrity poses further risks so that manual operations presuppose maximum occupational health and safety measures.
43
Miura, Hiroyasu, Ayaka Watanabe, Masayuki Okugawa, Susumu Kurahashi, Masamitsu Kurisu, and Takahiko Miura. "Field Experiment Report for Verification of Abandoned Lignite Mines by Robotic Exploration System." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 30, no. 6 (December 20, 2018): 1004–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2018.p1004.
Abstract:
The risk of collapse and subsidence of abandoned lignite mines has been noted in the Tokai region of Japan. The cavity-filling process by local governments has been ongoing. There is no cavity map in the abandoned lignite mines, and it is necessary to understand and explore the underground space in order to estimate the amount of filling material needed. By request from Mitake-cho in Gifu Prefecture, we received the opportunity to explore the inside of an abandoned lignite mine using our robotic system. Prior to the exploration of the actual abandoned lignite mine, as a feasibility study, an experimental test field that simulated the elements of the abandoned lignite mine was prepared outdoors. Some experiments were performed and the robotic exploration system was evaluated in this study. This paper describes the lessons learned from the feasibility study.
44
Song, Zhi Ying, Jian Yang Zhao, and Rui Qing Jia. "Material Selection and Finite Element Analysis for the Enclosure of Mine Exploration Robot." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 2125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.2125.
Abstract:
This paper focuses on materials selection and finite element analysis for flameproof enclosure of mine exploration robot. The internal environment of abandoned mine is unknown, thus the robot must be designed explosion proof. This research deals with a safe solution to environment exploration for abandoned mines by using mine exploration robot. Modeling by using 3D software and finite element analysis verifies whether enclosure strength satisfies requirements. It will provide a reference for the development of mine exploration robot.
45
Justin, T. R., and A. G. Kim. "Mine Fire Diagnostics to Locate and Monitor Abandoned Mine Fires." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1988, no. 2 (1988): 348–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr88020348.
46
Kulikova, A. A., A. A. Stelmakhov, T. A. Bacheva, and M. N. Tsymbal. "Treatment of water inflow from flooded underground mines." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 6 (May 20, 2020): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-6-0-38-47.
Abstract:
The study focuses on the adverse effect exerted on the environment by temporary shutdown and closure of underground mines by means of flooding. Closure of underground mines only terminates the structural and technological transformation of geological rock mass while detrimental effect on the natural environment of underground mines remains and even becomes more severe sometimes. Some hazards are revealed, which initiate new phenomena and processes, and are mainly connected with flooding of underground mines. Such hazards are groundwater rise, flow of water from flooded mines to operating mines, ground surface deformation due to subsidence and entry of pollutants in underground aquifers and surface water bodies. In terms of a flooded mine in East Donbass, the method of catchment of water outlet from the flooded mine and dispersion to a man-made biological pond is described. The biological pond is split into zones. First, there is a shallow place with planting for activation of growth of iron bacteria; here, removal of iron ions from mine water takes place. Then, water flows to the pond for the further bio-oxidation and treatment of water up to the standard MAC. The article offers recommendations on making of the biological pond and a trench for water flow from mine. The required volumes and sizes of the biological pond, trench and activation zone for iron bacteria are calculated. Treated mine water, via a dam, will be fed to a water storage reservoir.
47
Fernandes, Patrícia Rocha Maciel, and Hernani Mota de Lima. "A Framework for Ranking the Environmental Risk of Abandoned Mines in the State of Minas Gerais/Brazil." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 15, 2021): 13874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413874.
Abstract:
Abandoned mines are a major mining liability for the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The impacts and risks of abandoned mines are specific to the location and type of ore, but they cover social, economic, and cultural aspects. A central element of an abandoned mine management policy is the definition of a methodology to identify and rank characteristics of abandoned mines that pose a risk to the environment and society. This article presents a methodology for the ranking of environmental risks for abandoned mines in the state of Minas Gerais based on different evaluation factors of their external effects on the environment, safety, the population and surrounding areas, heritage and the landscape. The environmental risk of the abandoned mine area was generated to establish the “Abandoned Mine Area Environmental Risk Hierarchy”. To achieve this a multi-criteria analysis (using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)) was adopted with each preponderant factor being compared and measured. The results show that the use this framework can support in the decision-making process of an environmental agency for developing the intervention aimed at situations of greater gravity, which, ultimately, may require the use of public resources to reduce risks.
48
Mhlongo, Sphiwe Emmanuel, and George Oluwole Akintola. "Artisanal and small-scale mining activities as post-mining land use in abandoned mine sites: a case of Giyani and Musina areas, Limpopo Province of South Africa." Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 8, no. 3 (April 1, 2021): 2815–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2021.083.2815.
Abstract:
South Africa has many artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) activities that some are registered and others informal and illegal. This paper presents an overview of ASM operations in the vicinity of abandoned mine sites found in Giyani and Musina areas, Limpopo Provine of South Africa. It looks at the mining processes, environmental problems, and health and safety risks of ASM in the area. It also provideds a discussion of practical ways of dealing with the problems of artisanal and small-scale mining operations in a harmonized way with the rehabilitation of the abandoned mine sites. The exploitation of waste rock dumps for aggregate production in Musina demonstrated that formalized ASM activities can be the best alternative uses of the abandoned mine sites. However, artisanal gold mining around Giyani revealed the health and safety risks and environmental problems of these operations. The artisanal gold mining activities worsened the health and safety and the environmental problems of the abandoned mine sites. Therefore, this paper recommends that the efforts of coming up with strategies to formalize and regulate artisanal mining in South Africa be deepened for these activities to be accepteble as sustainable as post-mining land-uses in abandoned mines.
49
Liu, Hua Wei, and Tian Ju Yao. "Usage Urban Sludge to Closed Mine Reclamation and Slope Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 1049-1050 (October 2014): 300–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1049-1050.300.
Abstract:
The development of mining activities had destructed and occupied a large amount of land resource, the ecological recovery has become one of the urgent problems of current world especially in China. Mine reclamation can revivify the utilization function of mining land, protect the farming land and renovate the ecologic environment. Zhu Ma-dian has rich mineral resources, part of the mine resources dried up after many years of mining activities, the reclamation of the closed mine pits and abandoned mine land is very urgent. This paper briefly introduces the use city sewage sludge to reclamation of the closed mine pits and abandoned mine land and treat high slope.
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Yang, Yuliang, and Chaoqun Cui. "Which Provincial Regions in China Should Give Priority to the Redevelopment of Abandoned Coal Mines? A Redevelopment Potential Evaluation Based Analysis." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 29, 2022): 15923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315923.
Abstract:
Abandoned mines have a double nature consisting of resources and assets, and their rational redevelopment is one of the most important practices of the recycling economy. To direct the layout of the regional abandoned mine redevelopment, this paper constructs a comprehensive assessment framework for abandoned mine redevelopment potential based on the driving force–state–response (DSR) model. It is quantitatively evaluated by three-dimensional cloud models, and the results are coupled using a four-quadrant approach. From the perspective of space control, this paper proposes classification principles of redevelopment potential and redevelopment sequence and summarizes the important policy implementations for each category. The paper studies the redevelopment potential of abandoned mines from the provincial perspective in 25 coal-producing provinces of China. The results indicate that not all areas with high resource potential are suitable for redevelopment. In the northern and western regions, the regional abandoned mines have high resource potential and strong redevelopment drivers. However, the spatial pattern of the suitability of the development conditions is not distributed in the same way as the resources. The distribution of the abandoned mine redevelopment potential reveals that the eastern and east-central regions should give priority to the construction of demonstration projects. Different driving force scenarios confirm that most provinces have no obvious driving factor preference, with a few exceptions. This evaluation model is established from a more comprehensive perspective and is a valuable aid for decision makers when arranging abandoned mine regeneration projects.