Journal articles: 'Abalone fisheries'

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Sembiring, Sari Budi Moria, Ida Komang Wardana, and Ketut Sugama. "PEMBESARAN JUVENIL TERIPANG PASIR, Holothuria scabra DAN BENIH ABALON, Haliotis squamata DALAM SISTEM POLIKULTUR." Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.13.1.2018.21-28.

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Tujuan penelitian adalah menguji efisiensi pembesaran juvenil teripang pasir, Holothuria scabra dan benih abalon, Haliotis squamata pada sistem polikultur. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Besar Riset Budidaya Laut dan Penyuluhan Perikanan Gondol. Wadah percobaan berupa bak fiber volume 1 m3, abalone dipelihara dalam keranjang plastik ukuran 45 cm x 45 cm x 25 cm sebanyak dua buah/bak, sedangkan teripang dipelihara di dasar bak dengan sistem air mengalir. Kepadatan abalon 50 ind./keranjang dan teripang 100 ind./bak. Ukuran panjang dan bobot juvenil teripang yang digunakan adalah 3,17 ± 0,77 cm; 1,74 ± 0,64 g; dan benih abalone 3,16 ± 0,48 cm dan 4,82 ± 0,87 g. Jenis pakan abalon berupa rumput laut Gracilaria sp. dan Ulva sp. sedangkan teripang diberi pakan berupa bentos selama enam bulan pemeliharaan. Sebagai perlakuan adalah pemeliharaan teripang dan abalon: A (tanpa pemberian bentos), B (ditambah bentos), dan C (ditambah bentos dan tanpa abalon), masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan, sintasan, kualitas air, dan kandungan proksimat feses abalon. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan juvenil teripang pasir berbeda nyata (P<0,05); rata-rata panjang total dan bobot badan pada perlakuan B lebih tinggi (4,45 ± 1,06 cm; 8,06 ± 1,19 g) dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Sebaliknya sintasan juvenil teripang pasir tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan (P>0,05). Pertumbuhan bobot benih abalon berbeda nyata antar perlakuan (P<0,05) dengan nilai rata-rata pada perlakuan A (16,75 ± 2,96 g) dan B (12,77 ± 2,69 g). Sedangkan pertumbuhan panjang cangkang dan sintasan tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05). Produktivitas polikutur pada perlakuan A mencapai 208,54 g untuk teripang dan 4.656 g untuk abalon; diikuti perlakuan B mencapai 118,55 g untuk teripang dan 3.493 g untuk abalon dan perlakuan C sebesar 34,50 g.The aim of the research was to examine the grow-out efficiency of sea cucumber, Holothuria scabra, and abalone, Haliotis squamata fry in a polyculture system. The research was conducted in the Institute for Mariculture Research and Fisheries Extension, Gondol. Containers used in this research were nine fiberglass tanks each with a volume of 1 m3. The abalone fry were reared in two baskets sized 45 cm x 45 cm x 25 cm while sea cucumber fry were reared on the bottom of the tank and. Water exchange used a flow-through system. The density of abalone was 50 fry/basket and sea cucumber was 100 fries/tank. The averages of length and body weight of sea cucumber were 3.17 ± 0.77 cm and 1.74 ± 0.64 g, respectively. The abalone fry had the averages of length and body weight of 3.16 ± 0.48 cm and 4.82 ± 0.87 g, respectively. Feeds used for the abalone fry were Gracilaria sp. and Ulva sp. while for sea cucumber was benthos. These feeds were used during the six months of the research. Treatments were grow-out of sea cucumber and abalone: A (without benthos), B (with benthos), and C (with benthos but without abalone), each treatment had three replicates. Parameters measured were growth and survival rate, water quality, and proximate analysis of abalone feces. The results showed that the growth of sea cucumber was significantly different (P<0.05), mean of total length and body weight of treatment B was higher (4.45 ± 1.06 cm; 8.06 ± 1.19 g) compared to the two other treatments. On the other hand, the survival rate of sea cucumber fry was not significantly different among treatments (P>0.05). The growth of body weight of abalone was significantly different (P<0.05) among the treatments in which the average for treatment A was 16.75 ± 2.96 g and treatment B was 12.77 ± 2.69 g. The growth of carapace length and survival rate were not significantly different (P>0.05). The productivity of polyculture in treatment A reached 208.54 g for sea cucumber and 4,656 g for abalone; followed by treatment B of 118.55 g for sea cucumber and 3,493 g for abalone and treatment of C 34.50 g.

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McShane, PE. "Recruitment variation in abalone: Its importance to fisheries management." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 3 (1995): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9950555.

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Recruitment failure has been implicated in the decline of several abalone fisheries. Traditionally, fisheries scientists invoke theoretical stock-recruitment relationships to predict trends in abundance of an exploited stock under various harvest regimes. The empirical evidence in support of a positive relationship between spawning stock and recruits is not strong. A further problem in interpretation of such relationships is that both 'stock' and 'recruitment' have various definitions in fisheries and ecological literature. The definition of a stock for abalone is not clear. As emphasized in this review, which considers each stage in the life history of abalone, the abundance of spawners is one of many sources of variation in recruitment. The evidence for invertebrates, particularly those with high fecundity, is that recruitment varies independently of the abundance of spawners. This is also the case for abalone, where recruits have been measured as the density of immediate post-settlement individuals, juveniles, or as adults entering the exploitable stock. A problem with stock-recruitment hypotheses is that they have intuitive appeal. It is considered 'dangerous' to manage fisheries under the assumption that a reduction in the number of spawners by fishing will not affect recruitment. Such danger to abalone stocks has been more recently assessed by egg-per-recruit analyses, whereby various harvest strategies are examined relative to reference points for egg production. These studies are reviewed and assessed relative to the often conflicting aims of managers and scientists. This review of studies of recruitment variation in abalone emphasizes the need for a more rigorous, autecological approach to stock assessment in which field experiments are conducted over realistic spatial and temporal scales, permitting robust testing of hypotheses.

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Shepherd, S. A., and L. D. Brown. "What is an Abalone Stock: Implications for the Role of Refugia in Conservation." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, no. 9 (September 1, 1993): 2001–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f93-224.

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This paper concerns the conservation of abalone stocks in a genetic and fisheries sense. We review genetic and ecological information relating to the differentiation of abalone stocks in South Australia and propose that metapopulation theory provides an apt framework in which to develop the concept of an abalone stock. We consider what is a minimum viable population for abalone and illustrate our discussion with a case study of an abalone population that declined through a combination of fishing, recruitment failure, and inadequate protection by a refugium. Refugia can play an important role in abalone conservation by maintaining egg production and genetic diversity and by preserving populations for scientific study.

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Dang, Cecile, and Terrence L. Miller. "Disease threats to wild and cultured abalone in Australia." Microbiology Australia 37, no. 3 (2016): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma16047.

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Abalone species are important for recreational and commercial fisheries and aquaculture in many jurisdictions in Australia. Clinical infections with viral, bacterial and parasitic pathogens can cause significant losses of wild and cultured stock, and subclinical infections may result in decreased productivity and growth. Infections with abalone herpesviruses (AbHV), Vibrio spp. and parasites of the genus Perkinsus are of particular concern to Australian fisheries. Here we provide a brief overview of these three major pathogen groups and their diagnoses from an Australian perspective.

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Stirn, J., and K. A. AI-Hashmi. "Contributions to the knowledge of the Biology of the Arabian Abalone Haliotis mariae Wood, 1828." Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences [JAMS] 1 (January 1, 1996): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jams.vol1iss0pp33-40.

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The Arabian abalone occur in the Arabian Sea’s rocky coastal zone in association with conspicuous macrolgal communities in which it represents the dominant herbivorous component. Despite such ecological importance and although the commercial exploitation of abalone presents a considerable contribution to Omani fisheries, almost nothing is known about the biology of this species. This report presents results of research carried out in the field and with laboratory cultures, and draws general conclusions related also to the fisheries management of these possibly overexploited abalone populations, Cobort observations in the field and measured increments of cultured specimens showed a growth rate significantly higher than in other abalone species, i.e. greater than 3 mm shell-increment per month. The very early sexual maturity demonstrated by captivity spawnings of approximately one year old animals is also quite unusual. The ejected eggs formed mucous mono layers attached to the substratum whereas other abalone species produce pelagic eggs. Jvenile coborts in nature and the periodic spawning of cultured animals indicate the major spawning in spring and postmonsoon one in autumn. The models previously applied in fisheries management of abalone in Oman assumed only one spawning per year, the first being at age 2+, and a slower growth-rate. These models should be reconsidered using the new data, which may partially explain why abalone are less overexploited than one would expect looking at heavy harvesting. In view of a projected commercial abalone cultivation our laboratory rearing experiments showed that both natural and/or artificial food may be used, provided this contains-apart from standard ingredients, the seaweed-borne components (probably phycobillins) required for a normal parasite , resistant shell formation. With regard to artificial reproduction, our preliminary trials showed that spawning , fertilization ,and initial larval rearing present no problems. The steps from the pediveliger to larval settlement, however ,seem to be fatally exposed to eilitate attacks. Further research is needed in order to eliminate this critical problem.

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Straus, Kristina M., and Carolyn S. Friedman. "Restoration aquaculture of the pinto abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana kamtschatkana Jonas): impacts of rearing method on behaviour, growth and survivorship in the hatchery." Marine and Freshwater Research 60, no. 10 (2009): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08262.

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Pinto abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana kamtschatkana) populations in Washington State (USA) and British Columbia (Canada) continue to decline despite fisheries closures. For successful recovery, supplementation may be necessary. To determine appropriate culture methods, juveniles were reared in habitat-enriched tanks (supplemented with rocks, macroalgae and sea urchins) or conventional aquaculture tanks and assessed for growth and survivorship in the laboratory over 15 months. No differences in survivorship or growth were observed. Subsequent experiments examined whether abalone behaviour (habitat selection and movement patterns) differed between rearing treatments. Abalone were exposed to one of three predator treatments (sea star arm, small crab, or no predator (control)) and filmed for 8 h. Abalone from habitat-enriched tanks changed habitats significantly more often than abalone from conventional tanks regardless of predator treatment. Significant differences in the percentage of time that abalone occupied the various habitats were also observed. Abalone in the sea star and control treatments primarily occupied the rocks, whereas abalone in the crab treatment behaved differently depending on the rearing method; conventionally reared abalone spent more time in corners, whereas abalone from habitat-enriched tanks spent more time exposed. These results demonstrate that rearing conditions can affect abalone behaviour and should be considered for abalone restoration efforts worldwide.

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Kim, Jihoon, Akira Nakayasu, and Naruhito Takenouchi. "Socio-economic analysis on the role of local government in developing the abalone industry in Korea." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 3, no. 2 (August 19, 2016): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v3i2.29365.

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Many Koreans regard abalone (Haliotus discus hannai) as a desirable luxury food because of its limited availability and high price. Abalone aquaculture was developed during the late 2000s, and production has greatly increased in Korea, reaching 9,147 tons in 2014. Policy experts said this trend means many fishers who cultivate abalone could increase their income. However, their incomes had not increased since fishers started cultivating abalone, because a conventional addition was applied to abalone transactions. The distribution structure for abalone products relies almost entirely on wholesalers instead of fisheries cooperatives, which are commonly used for other types of seafood products. Therefore, a new distribution structure was required in the Korean abalone industry. The objective of this study was to document how the establishment of an abalone cooperative by the local government has affected fishers income and production since 2009. This research was conducted in Wando District in South Jeolla Province, which accounts for over 90% of the domestic abalone production. Wholesalers, fishers, and a public officer were interviewed. A shift from a wholesalercontrolled distribution structure to a cooperative run by the local government helped to reduce the addition and increase fishers incomes overall.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(2): 345-353, August 2016

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Takagi, Motoki, Hayato Mori, Adiljan Yimit, Yoshihiro Hagihara, and Tasuku Miyoshi. "Development of a Small Size Underwater Robot for Observing Fisheries Resources – Underwater Robot for Assisting Abalone Fishing –." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 28, no. 3 (June 17, 2016): 397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2016.p0397.

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[abstFig src='/00280003/16.jpg' width=""155"" text='Overview of a small size underwater robot' ] In abalone fishing with spearing, size of abalone which was allowed to catch is strictly controlled in Japanese law. Therefore, fisherman usually judge size by observing from a boat. However, this is difficult, due to aging. Therefore, we have been developing an underwater robot to assist fisherman in determining abalone size by using a stereo camera. The robot is small size and uses 6 thrusters to achieve 5 DOF motion in an underwater environment.

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Ben-Horin, Tal, Kevin D. Lafferty, Gorka Bidegain, and Hunter S. Lenihan. "Fishing diseased abalone to promote yield and conservation." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, no. 1689 (March 5, 2016): 20150211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0211.

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Past theoretical models suggest fishing disease-impacted stocks can reduce parasite transmission, but this is a good management strategy only when the exploitation required to reduce transmission does not overfish the stock. We applied this concept to a red abalone fishery so impacted by an infectious disease (withering syndrome) that stock densities plummeted and managers closed the fishery. In addition to the non-selective fishing strategy considered by past disease-fishing models, we modelled targeting (culling) infected individuals, which is plausible in red abalone because modern diagnostic tools can determine infection without harming landed abalone and the diagnostic cost is minor relative to the catch value. The non-selective abalone fishing required to eradicate parasites exceeded thresholds for abalone sustainability, but targeting infected abalone allowed the fishery to generate yield and reduce parasite prevalence while maintaining stock densities at or above the densities attainable if the population was closed to fishing. The effect was strong enough that stock and yield increased even when the catch was one-third uninfected abalone. These results could apply to other fisheries as the diagnostic costs decline relative to catch value.

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Mu'minun, Nona, Sutia Budi, and Erni Indrawati. "ANALISIS EKSTRAK ABALON TROPIS HALIOTIS ASININA TERHADAP GAMBARAN REGENERASI LUKA SIRIP KAUDAL IKAN NILA OREOCHROMIS SP." Journal of Aquaculture and Environment 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2024): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35965/jae.v6i2.3135.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas ekstrak visceral abalon tropis haliotis asinine dalam percepatan regenerasi luka sirip kaudal ikan nila (Oreochromis) dan menganalisis efektivitas simplisia mucus abalon tropis haliotis asinine dalam percepatan regenerasi luka sirip kaudal ikan nila (Oreochromis). Penelitian ini dilaksananakan di bulan Juli tahun 2023 bertempat di bertempat di Lembaga Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi Sumberdaya Perikanan dan Kelautan (LP2T-SPK) Konawe Sulawesi Tenggara. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah eksperimen pre post test only control group design dengan uji analisis data menggunakan uji nonparametrik yaitu Uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak visceral abalon tropis Haliotis asinina terbukti paling efektif dalam mempercepat regenerasi histologi luka sirip kaudal pada ikan nila (Nila oreochromis) dibandingkan dengan kelompok perlakuan mucus dan kelompok kontrol dengan tingkat kemaknaan (U = 0,000 p = 0,000). This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the visceral extract of tropical abalone Haliotis asinina in accelerating the regeneration of caudal fin wound of tilapia (Oreochromis). This research was carried out in July 2023 at the Institute for the Assessment and Application of Fisheries and Marine Resources Technology (LP2T-SPK) Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi. The design of this study was an experimental pre post test only control group design with data analysis using a nonparametric test, namely the Kruskal Wallis Test. The resulth of the study showed that the visceral extract of tropical abalone Haliotis asinina proved to be the most effective in accelerating the histological regeneration of caudal fin wounds of tilapia (Nila oreochromis) compared to the mucus treatment group and the control group with a significance level (U = 0.000 p = 0.000).

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Cook, Peter. "Abalone of the World: Biology, Fisheries and Culture." South African Journal of Zoology 28, no. 2 (January 1993): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02541858.1993.11448306.

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Mann, Roger. "Abalone of the world: Biology, fisheries and culture." Aquaculture 116, no. 4 (October 1993): 368–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(93)90421-t.

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Mayfield, Stephen, Richard McGarvey, Ian J. Carlson, and Cameron Dixon. "Integrating commercial and research surveys to estimate the harvestable biomass, and establish a quota, for an “unexploited” abalone population." ICES Journal of Marine Science 65, no. 7 (June 26, 2008): 1122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn105.

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Abstract Mayfield, S., McGarvey, R., Carlson, I. J., and Dixon, C. 2008. Integrating commercial and research surveys to estimate the harvestable biomass, and establish a quota, for an “unexploited” abalone population. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1122–1130. A key challenge facing many fisheries managers is the absence of information on the level of harvestable biomass. We describe an integrated, two-stage survey approach that was used to measure the spatial distribution and harvestable biomass of a largely unexploited metapopulation of greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata) over a large area of northwestern Spencer Gulf, South Australia. In stage 1, commercial fishers conducted systematic surveys to identify subareas with abalone at harvestable densities. Cpue measures from these surveys were used to map and stratify a bounded survey subregion, within which leaded-line, research-diver surveys measured absolute density and harvestable biomass (stage 2). Decision tables, showing minimum biomass at various probabilities vs. harvest fraction, were developed to provide a risk-assessment framework for quota setting. Within two years, our approach allowed, first, the mapping of the broad-scale, spatial distribution and abundance of greenlip abalone in an area of 1143 km2, second, the estimation of harvestable biomass in a smaller (16.9 km2) area, and finally, the allocation by State fishery managers of an additional quota inside a newly defined management subzone. The collaborative approach we describe for providing estimates of absolute biomass over large spatial scales affords multiple advantages for the assessment and management of invertebrate dive fisheries.

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Naylor, J. R., B. M. Manighetti, H. L. Neil, and S. W. Kim. "Validated estimation of growth and age in the New Zealand abalone Haliotis iris using stable oxygen isotopes." Marine and Freshwater Research 58, no. 4 (2007): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf06088.

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The growth and reproductive patterns of abalone are central to an understanding of the dynamics of their populations, and provide essential input into many of the stock assessment models currently used as the basis of assessing the sustainability of the fisheries. At present, most of this knowledge is obtained by tag-recapture methods, which are time consuming, often expensive and potentially confounding. The aim of the present study was to determine whether variations in the ratios of oxygen and carbon isotopes in the shells of Haliotis iris can be used to determine age, growth and reproductive patterns. Isotopic analyses of H. iris shells indicated that oxygen isotope profiles within the shells reflected ambient water temperature at the time of shell precipitation, and that these profiles could be used to determine age and growth patterns. To match the variation in isotopic ratios with ambient temperature cycles, we also adopted the novel approach of fitting a growth function to the data sets. The method should allow the collection of abalone growth information over the finer scales more appropriate for the rational management of abalone fisheries. Variations in the ratios of carbon isotopes showed no consistent patterns and, unlike some mollusc species, did not appear to be useful predictors of reproductive status at length.

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Kim, Mi Ae, Kesavan Markkandan, Na-Young Han, Jong-Moon Park, Jung Sick Lee, Hookeun Lee, and Young Chang Sohn. "Neural Ganglia Transcriptome and Peptidome Associated with Sexual Maturation in Female Pacific Abalone (Haliotis discus hannai)." Genes 10, no. 4 (April 2, 2019): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10040268.

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Genetic information of reproduction and growth is essential for sustainable molluscan fisheries and aquaculture management. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the reproductive activity of the commercially important Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai. We performed de novo transcriptome sequencing of the ganglia in sexually immature and mature female Pacific abalone to better understand the sexual maturation process and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Of the ~305 million high-quality clean reads, 76,684 transcripts were de novo-assembled with an average length of 741 bp, 28.54% of which were annotated and classified according to Gene Ontology terms. There were 256 differentially expressed genes between the immature and mature abalone. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis, as compared to the predicted-peptide database of abalone ganglia transcriptome unigenes, identified 42 neuropeptide precursors, including 29 validated by peptidomic analyses. Label-free quantification revealed differential occurrences of 18 neuropeptide families between immature and mature abalone, including achatin, FMRFamide, crustacean cardioactive peptide, and pedal peptide A and B that were significantly more frequent at the mature stage. These results represent the first significant contribution to both maturation-related transcriptomic and peptidomic resources of the Pacific abalone ganglia and provide insight into the roles of various neuropeptides in reproductive regulation in marine gastropods.

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Braje, Todd J., and Jon M. Erlandson. "California’s Red Abalone (Haliotis Rufescens) Middens: Comment on Glassow." American Antiquity 81, no. 3 (July 2016): 591–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002731600004029.

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Glassow’s (2015) synthesis of “red abalone middens” on California’s Santa Cruz Island does not include the broader geographic, chronologic, and ecological context to this phenomenon. We explore the wider distribution of these site types and emphasize their importance for addressing modern fisheries management issues.

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Sanderson, J. C., S. D. Ling, J. G. Dominguez, and C. R. Johnson. "Limited effectiveness of divers to mitigate ‘barrens’ formation by culling sea urchins while fishing for abalone." Marine and Freshwater Research 67, no. 1 (2016): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14255.

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Climate-driven incursion of the long-spined sea urchin (Centrostephanus rodgersii) in eastern Tasmania has prompted calls for strong management intervention given the urchins’ capacity to overgraze kelp beds and cause local collapse of valuable reef fisheries. We examined the effectiveness of commercial divers culling C. rodgersii while undertaking otherwise normal fishing for black-lip abalone (Haliotis rubra). Diver effort appears to be driven by fishing yield and not the opportunity to maximise numbers of urchins culled; the greatest culls occurred on shorter dives when abalone fishing was poor. Despite culling thousands of urchins, divers culled urchins only from within a small proportion of the total barrens patches on particular reefs. Thus, urchin density, size-frequency of barrens patches, and benthic community structure showed no detectable change relative to ‘no-cull’ control reefs. Nonetheless, divers were effective in culling urchins in the few patches they targeted, and these patches were quickly recolonised by canopy-forming kelps. Ongoing urchin culling by abalone divers will increase resilience of the kelp habitats on which the valuable abalone fishery depends, but only at highly localised spatial scales (10m). The effectiveness of this control strategy is dependent on sustainable local harvest of abalone warranting recurrent diver visitation to affected sites. However, abalone divers culling urchins while fishing are unlikely to control urchin densities at scales ≥102 m.

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Farliani, Iin, Nanda Diniarti, and Alis Mukhlis. "PERTUMBUHAN YUWANA ABALON (Haliotis squamata) YANG DIBERI PAKAN Ulva sp. DENGAN PENGKAYAAN UREA." Jurnal Kelautan: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology 13, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/jk.v13i2.6493.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effect of different concentrations of urea as a source of nitrogen in Ulva sp. on absolute growth and daily specific growth rate of abalone juvenile (Haliotis squamata) as two main parameters in the experiment. Ulva sp. is one of the feed choices given when abalone enters the juvenile phase. This research was conducted on July 22-September 16 2019 at the Aquaculture Fisheries Center, Sekotong, West Lombok. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 3 replications namely A (control), B (20 ppm), C (40 ppm), D (60 ppm). Results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% significance level showed (F hit F tab 5%), which means the difference in the concentration of urea in Ulva sp. provide a real influence on the growth of absolute body weight and the specific growth rate of daily body weight abalone juvenile.Keywords: Ulva sp., Haliotis squamata, growth, nitrogen.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kandungan konsentrasi urea yang berbeda sebagai sumber nitrogen pada Ulva sp. terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik harian yuwana abalon (Haliotis squamata) sebagai dua parameter utama dalam percobaan. Ulva sp. merupakan salah satu pilihan pakan yang diberikan saat abalon memasuki fase yuwana. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 22 Juli-16 September 2019 bertempat di Balai Perikanan Budidaya Laut, Sekotong, Lombok Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan yaitu A (kontrol), B (20 ppm), C (40 ppm), D (60 ppm). Hasil analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) pada taraf nyata 5% menunjukkan (F hit F tab 5%) yang artinya perbedaan kandungan konsentrasi urea pada Ulva sp. memberikan pengaruh nyata bagi pertumbuhan mutlak bobot tubuh dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik harian bobot tubuh yuwana abalon.Kata Kunci: Ulva sp., Haliotis squamata, pertumbuhan, nitrogen.

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Searcy-Bernal, Ricardo, Mario R. Ramade-Villanueva, and Benito Altamira. "Current Status of Abalone Fisheries and Culture in Mexico." Journal of Shellfish Research 29, no. 3 (November 2010): 573–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2983/035.029.0304.

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Haddon, Malcolm, and Fay Helidoniotis. "Legal Minimum Lengths and the Management of Abalone Fisheries." Journal of Shellfish Research 32, no. 1 (April 2013): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2983/035.032.0126.

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HORII, TOYOMITSU, and SETSUO KIYOMOTO. "8. Management of abalone fisheries based on reproductive relationships." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 78, no. 6 (2012): 1224–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.78.1224.

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Rahayu Kusdarwati, Aprilia Putri Astutie, Sudarno,. "Induksi Kematangan Gonad Induk Jantan Kerang Abalone (Haliotis asinina) Dengan Metode Laserpunktur [Induction Of Gonad Maturity Males Broodstock Abalone Shell (Haliotis asinina) With Laserpunctur Methods ]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 4, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v4i1.11576.

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Abstract Abalone is one kind of shellfish fisheries of the world has become a commodity which is currently experiencing increased demand, especially from international markets. As one initial step of a series of required maintenance management process of cultivating a good broodstock, to get the broodstock with the maximum level of gonad maturity is by induction using laserpunctur. Laserpunctur appropriate technology has been shown to accelerate the growth process, increase and accelerate gonadal maturation and spawning shorten the reproductive cycle of some species. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect laserpunctur fired on gonadal organs of the male gonadal maturity of abalone shells and the best energy of the male gonadal maturation affect abalone shells. The treatment used is laserpunctur irradiation on the male gonad organ abalone shells with a energy of 0 Joule (control), 0.5 Joules for 50 seconds, 1 Joule for 100 seconds, 1.5 Joules for 150 seconds and 2 Joule for 200 seconds. Each treatment was repeated four times. The results of this study was the laserpunctur irradiation fired on the gonadal organs influence the development of gonadal maturity of male broodstock abalone shells. The best energy of laserpunctur in the male gonad maturation affects the abalone shells is 1.5 Joules for 150 seconds. The results of histological observation of gonadal male broodstock H. asinina showed varying degrees of gonadal development in the process of gametogenesis is marked with an individual's reproductive cycle.

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Naylor, J. R., N. L. Andrew, and S. W. Kim. "Demographic variation in the New Zealand abalone Haliotis iris." Marine and Freshwater Research 57, no. 2 (2006): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05150.

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Growth data for the New Zealand abalone Haliotis iris were collected from 30 sites around the New Zealand coast by tag–recapture methods. Most data were collected to provide input into abalone stock assessments within discrete management areas, but had not been examined to determine the nature or extent of any large-scale patterns that might be useful to fishery managers. Sites spanned more than 10° of latitude and were subject to a large range of wave energies and temperatures. Mean monthly sea surface temperature (SST) and wave energy were estimated for each site and a generalised linear regression model was used to examine the relationship between variables. Size-at-maturity was also examined at ten sites. Initial length of abalone explained 35% of the variation in incremental growth, and a further 19% was explained by maximum SST, which also explained 60% of the variation in asymptotic length. Fastest growth was generally in areas with lower mean monthly maximum SST, and sites with the slowest growth had the highest mean monthly maximum SST. Size-at-maturity decreased with increasing temperature. The implications of these broad patterns upon abalone fisheries management strategies are discussed.

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Eddy, Tyler D., Marta Coll, Elizabeth A. Fulton, and Heike K. Lotze. "Trade-offs between invertebrate fisheries catches and ecosystem impacts in coastal New Zealand." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 5 (February 10, 2015): 1380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv009.

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Abstract Invertebrate catches are increasing globally following the depletion of many finfish stocks, yet stock assessments and management plans for invertebrates are limited, as is an understanding of the ecosystem effects of these fisheries. Using an ecosystem modelling approach, we explored the trade-offs between invertebrate catches and their impacts on the associated ecosystem on the south coast of Wellington, New Zealand. We simulated exploitation of lobster (Jasus edwardsii), abalone (Haliotis australis, H. iris), and sea urchin (Evechinus chloroticus) over a range of depletion levels—from no depletion to local extinction—to estimate changes in target catches and associated effects on other species groups, trophic levels, and benthic and pelagic components. Exploitation of lobster showed the strongest ecosystem effects, followed by abalone and urchin. In all three fisheries, the current exploitation rate exceeds that which produces maximum sustainable yield, with considerable ecosystem effects. Interestingly, a reduced exploitation rate is predicted to increase target catches (and catch-per-unit-effort), thereby strongly reducing ecosystem effects, a win–win situation. Our results suggest that invertebrate exploitation clearly influences ecosystem structure and function, yet the direction and magnitude of responses depend on the target group and exploitation rate. An ecosystem-based fisheries management approach that includes the role of invertebrates would improve the conservation and management of invertebrate resources and marine ecosystems on broader scales.

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Mayfield, S., C. Mundy, H. Gorfine, A. M. Hart, and D. Worthington. "Fifty Years of Sustained Production from the Australian Abalone Fisheries." Reviews in Fisheries Science 20, no. 4 (October 2012): 220–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.725434.

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Gilmour, Patrick W., Peter D. Dwyer, and Robert W. Day. "Enhancing the agency of fishers: A conceptual model of self-management in Australian abalone fisheries." Marine Policy 37 (January 2013): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2012.04.015.

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Zhang, Yi, Qiaoling Zhang, and Lichun Zhao. "Optimal harvest of an interval model of carbon sink fisheries with multi-trophic levels." International Journal of Biomathematics 09, no. 03 (February 25, 2016): 1650034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524516500340.

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Considering the uncertainty of kelp–abalone–sea cucumber population, an interval model of carbon sink fisheries with multi-trophic levels is proposed. The equilibria of the model are identified and the corresponding stabilities are discussed. And the existence of bionomic equilibrium of the model is investigated. Next the optimal controller is designed to obtain the optimal harvest using Pontryagin’s maximum principle. Numerical simulations are carried to prove the results.

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Werner, I., S. Flothmann, and G. Burnell. "Behaviour studies on the mobility of two species of abalone (Haliotis tuberculata and H. discus hannai) on sand: Implications for reseeding programmes." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 3 (1995): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9950681.

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The moving behaviour of two species of abalone (H. tuberculata and H. discus hannai) on sand was studied in laboratory experiments with two size classes. Test animals of all experimental groups left solid substrata and moved across sand areas. The smaller size class (11-22 mm) was significantly less mobile than the larger size class (29-40 mm) in both species, and H. discus hannai showed higher mobility than did H. tuberculata. Lack of food was a significant incentive to move for both species and both size classes. For H. discus hannai, the stress of handling and exposure to the new environment caused increased movement that decreased as the animals acclimated. The significance of these findings for fisheries management and reseeding programmes is discussed, in particular as a possible explanation for the frequently reported 'unaccounted for' lost seed abalone.

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HIRAKAWA, NAOTO, and MITSURU HIROSE. "7. Fisheries management of ezo abalone in Iwaki City, Fukushima Prefecture." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 78, no. 6 (2012): 1221–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.78.1221.

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MILLER, K. J., B. T. MAYNARD, and C. N. MUNDY. "Genetic diversity and gene flow in collapsed and healthy abalone fisheries." Molecular Ecology 18, no. 2 (January 2009): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.04019.x.

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Nash, WJ, JC Sanderson, J. Bridley, S. Dickson, and B. Hislop. "Post-larval recruitment of blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) on artificial collectors in southern Tasmania." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 3 (1995): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9950531.

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Recruitment rates of blacklip abalone (Haliotis rubra) post-larvae were measured at fortnightly intervals for a year in southern Tasmania on larval collectors made of transparent, corrugated plastic. The settlement plates were conditioned prior to use in a flow-through sea-water system in a two-stage process. A film of diatoms (mainly Nitzschia and Navicula species) was first established on the plates, which were then grazed by juvenile H. rubra. This allowed second-phase algae (principally Myrionema species) to become established. The plates were then periodically deployed at a depth of ~7 m. Larval settlement occurred mainly during the austral winter and early spring. A peak settlement rate of 1408 post-larvae per collector (2347 post-larvae m-2) occurred in mid August. Methods of measuring larval or immediate post-larval abundance are reviewed with regard to their use in the assessment and management of abalone fisheries.

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Alberto Mares-Mayagoitia, Jorge, Juan A. De-Anda-Montañez, Ricardo Perez-Enriquez, Paulina Mejía-Ruíz, José Luis Gutiérrez-González, and Fausto Valenzuela-Quiñonez. "Neutral and adaptive population structure of pink abalone (Haliotis corrugata): fishery management implications." ICES Journal of Marine Science 78, no. 5 (May 29, 2021): 1909–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab098.

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Abstract The accurate definition of population units (stocks) and local adaptation are the cornerstones of fishery management. Unfortunately, this knowledge is unknown mainly for abalone species in the Northeast Pacific, where stocks have failed to recover. The pink abalone (Haliotis corrugata) is a fishing resource on the western coast of the Baja California Peninsula (BCP) and is currently catalogued as diminished with a recovery trending pattern. This research determined if the biological units matched the administrative and stock assessment units along the west coast of the BCP and the implications for fishery management. To test this hypothesis, a double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing approach was used to generate 1 733 neutral and 6 putative outlier loci for population genomic analysis. Neutral markers detected a smooth partition in two regional groups, the southern (San Juanico, La Bocana, Bahía Asunción, Puerto Escondido, Punta Eugenia, and Natividad Island) and northern regions (Cedros Island, Faro San José, San Jerónimo Island, and Guadalupe Island). Putative outlier loci indicated evident differentiation of those groups. The population subdivision at 28° latitude with both marker types was related to a biogeographic boundary. Results did not support the current administrative zones of pink abalone fisheries and contrasted with genetic homogeneity reports in the region.

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Dowling, Natalie A., Stephen J. Hall, and Richard McGarvey. "Assessing population sustainability and response to fishing in terms of aggregation structure for greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata) fishery management." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-165.

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The greenlip abalone (Haliotis laevigata) population in Waterloo Bay, South Australia, has undergone collapse and fishery closure twice since 1978. A rich data set, including survey measures of degree of spatial aggregation, has been gathered over that time and provides a unique opportunity to identify factors accounting for persistence or collapse, an issue that is of significance to abalone fisheries worldwide. Statistical analyses of fishery and survey data were undertaken to infer functional relationships between catch, effort, recruitment, adult density, and extent of aggregation. Catch rates were hyperstable, an observation consistent with the targeting of large aggregations. Statistical analysis of recruitment showed a significant year effect, implying an environmental signal, and suggested that aggregation size impacts fertilization success. Aggregation size grew under closure, suggesting an impact of fishing on this demographic feature. Aggregative behaviour appears to be critical for subpopulation sustainability. Fishery collapse may be triggered by depletion of larger abalone aggregations by heavy fishing, resulting in declines in fertilized egg production. When heavy fishing coincides with unfavourable environmental conditions, recruitment may be insufficient to sustain the subpopulation. If aggregation is similarly critical for other subpopulations, management strategies could be adapted according to the extent of aggregation in each subpopulation.

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Swezey, Daniel S., Sara E. Boles, Kristin M. Aquilino, Haley K. Stott, Doug Bush, Andrew Whitehead, Laura Rogers-Bennett, Tessa M. Hill, and Eric Sanford. "Evolved differences in energy metabolism and growth dictate the impacts of ocean acidification on abalone aquaculture." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 42 (October 5, 2020): 26513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006910117.

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Ocean acidification (OA) poses a major threat to marine ecosystems and shellfish aquaculture. A promising mitigation strategy is the identification and breeding of shellfish varieties exhibiting resilience to acidification stress. We experimentally compared the effects of OA on two populations of red abalone (Haliotis rufescens), a marine mollusc important to fisheries and global aquaculture. Results from our experiments simulating captive aquaculture conditions demonstrated that abalone sourced from a strong upwelling region were tolerant of ongoing OA, whereas a captive-raised population sourced from a region of weaker upwelling exhibited significant mortality and vulnerability to OA. This difference was linked to population-specific variation in the maternal provisioning of lipids to offspring, with a positive correlation between lipid concentrations and survival under OA. This relationship also persisted in experiments on second-generation animals, and larval lipid consumption rates varied among paternal crosses, which is consistent with the presence of genetic variation for physiological traits relevant for OA survival. Across experimental trials, growth rates differed among family lineages, and the highest mortality under OA occurred in the fastest growing crosses. Identifying traits that convey resilience to OA is critical to the continued success of abalone and other shellfish production, and these mitigation efforts should be incorporated into breeding programs for commercial and restoration aquaculture.

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Bentz, Linda, and Todd J. Braje. "Chinese Abalone Merchants and Fishermen in Nineteenth-Century Santa Barbara, California." Journal of Chinese Overseas 14, no. 1 (April 23, 2018): 88–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341368.

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Abstract Shortly after the California Gold Rush, the first commercial abalone fishery sprang to life along the central and southern Californian coast, an industry founded and developed by Chinese immigrants. By shipping dried black abalone (Haliotis cracherodii) to Chinese communities in the American West, and exporting the product to a ready market in China, Chinese merchants assembled an elaborate trade network that reached from Santa Barbara, California, to China. Here, we offer the first synthesis of archaeological and historical data that describes the elements of Chinese export activities interpreted through a trading diaspora framework. Our results reveal details about an international trade network supported by the formation of self-governing business associations, relationships with trading partners, and interactions with European Americans. This study fills a critical gap in our understanding of the broader context of California’s historical fisheries and contextualizes the strategies of Chinese merchants who took advantage of new opportunities presented by a changing Pacific economy.

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Jesus-Ayson, Evelyn Grace, Andrew Ventura, Felix Ayson, and Chihaya Nakayasu. "Lessons in Sustainable Mariculture." Transactions of the National Academy of Science and Technology 39, no. 2017 (November 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.57043/transnastphl.2017.1074.

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The Philippines has long been recognized as a center of marine biodiversity, hence, rich in marine resources. However, fisheries production has been declining in recent years. On the other hand, aquaculture now contributes about half of the total fisheries production. Notably, production from marine pens and cages (mostly milkfish) has increased dramatically in the last two decades. Mariculture areas are designed for production of marine fishes through sea cage culture, farming of seaweeds, mussels and oysters, sea ranching of abalone, aquasilviculture, and others that may be developed through continuing R&D programs. Much discussion has focused on how to achieve sustainability in aquaculture. Concerns are related to the expansion and intensification of aquaculture including its impact on the environment, outbreaks of diseases, sustainability of supply of seed, feed ingredients and feeding practices, and competition for coastal space.

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Rossetto, Marisa, Fiorenza Micheli, Andrea Saenz-Arroyo, Jose Antonio Espinoza Montes, and Giulio Alessandro De Leo. "No-take marine reserves can enhance population persistence and support the fishery of abalone." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 72, no. 10 (October 2015): 1503–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0623.

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A critical aspect in the design of a marine reserve (MR) network is its spatial configuration (i.e., the number, size, and spacing of the individual reserves), particularly how these features influence the effect on fisheries. Here, we derived a size-based, spatially explicit, stochastic demographic model to explore how different spatial configurations of MR networks can affect abundance and commercial yield of the green abalone (Haliotis fulgens), taking as a reference case the abalone fishery of Isla Natividad in Baja California Sur (Mexico). Our analysis suggests that a network of MRs can have a positive effect on abalone population abundance and a slightly negative effect on fishery output with respect to traditional maximum sustainable yield (MSY; i.e., with no reserves). Simulations show that maximum catches achievable with MRs are, under the best configuration, ∼2%–14% lower than traditional MSY depending on the total fraction of the fishing grounds protected. In the case of overexploitation, long-term yields can increase following the implementation of MRs. In addition, in the presence of MRs, abundances and yields are much less sensitive to systematic errors in the enforcement of the optimal harvesting rate compared with situations in which MRs are not present. Given the limited dispersal ability of the species, the best outcomes in terms of fishery output would be achieved with very small reserves — around 100 m wide — so to maximize larval export in the fishable areas. Our results indicate appropriately designed MR networks are an effective strategy for meeting both conservation and economic goals under uncertainty. While the size of the existing reserves in Isla Natividad seems adequate to protect the abalone stock, smaller reserves could maximize fishery benefits, although this poses challenges for enforcement.

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DiNardo, Jordan, Kevin L. Stierhoff, and Brice X. Semmens. "Modeling the past, present, and future distributions of endangered white abalone (Haliotis sorenseni) to inform recovery efforts in California." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 17, 2021): e0259716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259716.

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White abalone (Haliotis sorenseni) was once commonly found in coastal waters of the Southern California Bight (SCB) and south to Punta Abreojos, Baja California, Mexico. During the 1970s, white abalone supported a commercial fishery, which reduced the population and resulted in the closure of the fishery in 1996. When population levels continued to decline, National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) listed the species as endangered under the Endangered Species Act. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife and NMFS began surveying the wild populations, propagating specimens in captivity, and protecting its seabed habitat. We modeled coarse-scale (17 x 17 km) historical (using fishery-dependent data [1955–1996]) and contemporary (using fishery-independent data [1996–2017]) distributions of white abalone throughout its historical domain using random forests and maximum entropy (MaxEnt), respectively, and its fine-scale (10 x 10 m) contemporary distribution (fishery-independent data) using MaxEnt. We also investigated potential outplanting habitat farther north under two scenarios of future climate conditions. The coarse-scale models identified potential regions to focus outplanting efforts within SCB while fine-scale models can inform population monitoring and outplanting activities in these particular areas. These models predict that areas north of Point Conception may become candidate outplant sites as seawater temperatures continue to rise in the future due to climate change. Collectively, these results provide guidance on the design and potential locations for experimental outplanting at such locations to ultimately improve methods and success of recovery efforts.

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Plagányi, Éva E., Scarla J. Weeks, Tim D. Skewes, Mark T. Gibbs, Elvira S. Poloczanska, Ana Norman-López, Laura K. Blamey, Muri Soares, and William M. L. Robinson. "Assessing the adequacy of current fisheries management under changing climate: a southern synopsis." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 6 (May 12, 2011): 1305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr049.

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Abstract Plagányi, É. E., Weeks, J. S., Skewes, T. D., Gibbs, M. T., Poloczanska, E. S., Norman-López, A., Blamey, L. K., Soares, M., and Robinson, W. M. L. 2011. Assessing the adequacy of current fisheries management under changing climate: a southern synopsis. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1305–1317. Climate change is likely to have a significant impact on both target and non-target marine stocks worldwide, with the concomitant need for management strategies capable of sustaining fishing in future. We use several southern hemisphere fisheries to highlight the likely impacts of climate change at a range of levels, from individual to population responses, as well as ecosystem ramifications. Examples span polar (Antarctic krill fishery), temperate (west coast pelagic fishery, abalone and rock lobster), and tropical (Torres Strait rock lobster) commercially important fisheries. Responses of these fisheries to either past observed environmental changes or projected future changes are used to deduce some anticipated implications of climate change for fisheries management, including economic impacts and governance considerations. We evaluate the effectiveness of current single-species assessment models, management strategy evaluation approaches and multispecies assessment models as future management tools to cope with likely climate-related changes. Non-spatial stock assessment models will have limited ability to separate fishery effects from the impacts of climate change. Anthropogenic climate change is occurring at a time-scale relevant to current fisheries management strategic planning and testing. Adaptive management frameworks (with their feedback loops) are ideal for detecting and adapting to changes in target stocks.

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40

Guzmán -Del Próo, Sergio, and José Manuel Borges -Souza. "DISTRIBUCIÓN ESPACIAL DE ABULÓN (Haliotis fulgens y H. corrugata) Y SU VARIACIÓN EN EL TIEMPO; IMPLICACIONES PARA SU MANEJO." CICIMAR Oceánides 31, no. 2 (December 9, 2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37543/oceanides.v31i2.184.

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RESUMEN. La pesquería de abulón en la región central del Pacífico de Baja California está sostenida por las especies Haliotis fulgens y H. corrugata, cuya captura está regulada por un sistema de cuotas que determina la autoridad pesquera. Por ser especies sedentarias, las evaluaciones que anualmente se hacen, asumen que la densidad poblacional y la biomasa son relativamente constantes. Sin embargo, surge la pregunta de si esto es correcto, o si la movilidad de los individuos, por reducida que sea, puede influir en la distribución espacial de la especie y, en consecuencia, la densidad y biomasa que se calculan depende estrechamente del momento en que se realizan las evaluaciones. Con objetivo de responder a dicha pregunta se realizaron prospecciones a diferentes tiempos en un mismo banco, en ocho estaciones fijas de muestreo. Los resultados mostraron cambios de abundancia y posición de abulones a las 24 y 72 h inmediatas. De igual forma, hubo cambios en todas las estaciones 24 días después. La abundancia total cambió de 79 individuos al inicio, a 46 al final del experimento. En algunos sitios la presencia de abulones disminuyó a menos del 50%. La distancia promedio entre individuos agrupados fue de 0.5 m; no obstante, la mayoría de los agrupamientos fue de solo dos individuos. Se concluye que, dado los cambios observados en densidad y distribución espacial en tan corto tiempo, es necesario realizar varias prospecciones a lo largo del año para obtener cifras de densidad promedio de la población con mayor certidumbre. Asimismo, se recomienda monitorear el tamaño y frecuencia de las agregaciones, que garanticen una reproducción exitosa y mantengan los stocks a un nivel sustentable. Spatial distribution of abalone (Haliotis fulgens and H. corrugata) and its time variability; implications for their management ABSTRACT. Abalone fisheries in the central pacific coast of Baja California relies on the exploitation of Haliotis fulgens (green abalone) and H. corrugata (pink abalone). Their catch is regulated under a quotas system annually assessed by the fisheries authority. Because they are sedentary species it is assumed that their density and biomass are roughly constant along the time. Thus, annual biomass assessments are realized only once a year. However, a central question emerges: whether this assumption is true, or density and biomass are changing even in a short time? To respond this question, submarine surveys were carried out at different times, in eight reefs along the same fixed sampling stations. Results showed that both the density and spatial distribution changed just after 24 and 72 h. Similar changes were observed 24 days later. Total abundance changed from 79 specimens at the beginning of the experiment to 46 at the end. In some sites, abundance falls less than 50 %. Changes in spatial distribution were observed commonly. The average of the minimum distance within the abalone patches was 0.5 m; however, most patches were only of 2 individuals. We conclude that it is necessary to undertake more than one annual survey assessment to attain average confident figures of density and biomass population, with less uncertainty. Furthermore, assessments should include measurement of size and frequency of the patches, which should be numerous enough to guarantee a successful reproduction, in-order-to maintain the stocks at a sustainable level.

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Dent, J., S. Mayfield, B. Stobart, and J. Carroll. "Setting quotas using provisional data: a case study from the South Australian abalone fisheries." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 50, no. 3 (June 9, 2016): 371–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2016.1148745.

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Hauck, Maria, and Gloria L. Gallardo Fernandez. "Crises in the South African abalone and Chilean loco fisheries: shared challenges and prospects." Maritime Studies 11, no. 1 (2012): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2212-9790-11-15.

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McGarvey, Richard, John E. Feenstra, Stephen Mayfield, and Erin V. Sautter. "A diver survey method to quantify the clustering of sedentary invertebrates by the scale of spatial autocorrelation." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 2 (2010): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08289.

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Sedentary benthic invertebrates exhibit clustering at a range of spatial scales. Animal clustering reduces the precision of diver surveys and can accelerate overexploitation in dive fisheries. Dive harvesters target the densest aggregations of males and females that produce the highest rates of egg fertilisation during mass spawning events. By quantifying these effects of harvesting on fertilisation success, measuring animal clustering can inform stock management for reproductive sustainability. We present a method to measure the spatial extent of density aggregations down to 1 m, extending a previously described leaded-line survey design. Applying this method to abalone, research divers counted individuals in successive 1 × 2 m2 quadrats lying along adjoining pairs of 1 × 100 m2 transects. Clusters were observed as neighbouring quadrats of high animal density. Spatial autocorrelations at inter-quadrat distances of 1 to 100 m were calculated for four surveys, with eight pairs of transects swum in each survey. For all four surveys, inside two survey regions, spatial autocorrelation declined to non-significant levels at a distance of ~20 m. Quantified by the distance within which density counts are correlated, this quadrat-within-transect method provides a diver survey measure of the scale of spatial aggregation for sedentary invertebrates such as abalone, sea cucumbers and urchins.

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BLANK, SARA G., and MICHAEL C. GAVIN. "The randomized response technique as a tool for estimating non-compliance rates in fisheries: a case study of illegal red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) fishing in Northern California." Environmental Conservation 36, no. 2 (June 2009): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290999004x.

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SUMMARYIllegal fishing has detrimental environmental and social impacts, but these effects are difficult to mitigate without reliable estimates of fisher non-compliance. Methods used by fisheries managers to estimate illegal fishing often require indirect estimation of poaching using biological, economic or sociological indicators. This study presents a unique application of the randomized response technique (RRT) for direct estimation of non-compliance in fisheries to the Northern California recreational red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) fishery. An anonymous paper-based compliance and sociodemographic survey of recreational fishers in Sonoma and Mendocino Counties estimated 29% non-compliance with the daily take limit, 23% with the minimum size limit, 19% with licensing laws and 15% with the annual take limit. RRT results also indicated how different sociodemographic characteristics related to non-compliance. Visitors had higher non-compliance rates than local fishers for all regulations except daily take limits, which an estimated 72% of locals violated versus 18% of visitors. High fisher awareness of regulations, fisher age, income and fishing experience did not appear to influence illegal take. RRT is a powerful tool which can aid conservation managers in prioritizing action.

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Vargas-López, Victor Gerardo, Francisco Arreguín-Sánchez, José Luis Gutiérrez-González, and Juan Carlos Seijo. "Co-management of a high-value species with territorial use rights for fisheries: a spatial bioeconomic approach with environmental variability." Scientia Marina 87, no. 3 (October 3, 2023): e071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05335.071.

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Abalone is a high-value resource that is an important export market fishery of Mexico that is managed through territorial use rights for fisheries allocated to a coastal community. A specific age-structured spatial bioeconomic model was applied to this fishery to undertake stock recovery to target levels. The model incorporates uncertainty in the parameter k of a von Bertalanffy growth function with environmental variability. The risk of falling below and exceeding the target and bioeconomic limit reference points of the population with alternative fisheries management strategies was studied using a Monte Carlo analysis. The management strategy evaluation showed that Emin (minimum effort) and EmaxNPV (resource rent maximization effort) generated higher biomass levels and higher present value of resource rent than Emsy (effort in maximum sustainable yield) at the end of the simulation period, regardless of the bioeconomic reference points and assuming a reduction in fishing effort. Emin and EmaxNPV increased and maximized the present value of resource rent generated by the species while avoiding its overexploitation. The social consequences of the management strategies were considered with the participation of fishers of this co-managed fishery.

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Tarr, R. J. Q., P. V. G. Williams, and A. J. Mackenzie. "Abalone, sea urchins and rock lobster: a possible ecological shift that may affect traditional fisheries." South African Journal of Marine Science 17, no. 1 (June 1996): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/025776196784158455.

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Gurney, L. J., C. Mundy, and M. C. Porteus. "Determining age and growth of abalone using stable oxygen isotopes: a tool for fisheries management." Fisheries Research 72, no. 2-3 (May 2005): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2004.12.001.

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Hauck, M. "A case study of abalone poaching in South Africa and its impact on fisheries management." ICES Journal of Marine Science 56, no. 6 (December 1999): 1024–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1999.0534.

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49

Chen, Y., P. A. Breen, and N. L. Andrew. "Impacts of outliers and mis-specification of priors on Bayesian fisheries-stock assessment." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 2293–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f00-208.

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Abstract:

Bayesian inference is increasingly used in estimating model parameters for fish-stock assessment, because of its ability to incorporate uncertainty and prior knowledge and to provide information for risk analyses in evaluating alternative management strategies. Normal distributions are commonly used in formulating likelihood functions and informative prior distributions; these are sensitive to data outliers and mis-specification of prior distributions, both common problems in fisheries-stock assessment. Using a length-structured stock-assessment model for a New Zealand abalone fishery as an example, we evaluate the robustness of three likelihood functions and two prior-distribution functions, with respect to outliers and mis-specification of priors, in 48 different combinations. The two robust likelihood estimators performed slightly less well when no data outliers were present and much better when data outliers were present. Similarly, the Cauchy distribution was less sensitive to prior mis-specification than the normal distribution. We conclude that replacing the normal distribution with "fat-tailed" distributions for likelihoods and priors can improve Bayesian assessments when there are data outliers and mis-specification of priors, with relatively minor costs when there are none.

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50

Hernández-Casas, Sergio, Juan Carlos Seijo, Luis Felipe Beltrán-Morales, Álvaro Hernández-Flores, Francisco Arreguín-Sánchez, and Germán Ponce-Díaz. "Analysis of supply and demand in the international market of major abalone fisheries and aquaculture production." Marine Policy 148 (February 2023): 105405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105405.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Abalone fisheries'

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