Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'ABA1'
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Ghassemian, Majid. "Genetic and molecular interactors of ABA insensitive1 gene (abi1) of Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0025/NQ49826.pdf.
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Van, Thielen Nocha. "Genetic interactions between the ABA insensitive mutant, abi1-1, and the ABA supersensitive mutant, era1-4, in Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0001/MQ45891.pdf.
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Juan, Emanuel Enrique. "ABAX S.R.L." Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ingeniería, 2018. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/10952.
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El presente informe, describe las principales actividades desarrolladas por el alumno durante la realización de la Práctica Profesional Supervisada (PPS). Estas se realizaron en la consultora de ingeniería estructural ABAX SRL, la cual desarrolla sus actividades en base al diseño de obras civiles varias.
Los trabajos efectuados, fueron mayoritariamente de gabinete, valiéndose para ello de apoyo computacional, donde se utilizaron herramientas de software como AutoCAD ®, MathCAD ®, RAM Advanse ®, RAM Elements ®, Revit Structure ®, ETABS ®, Response2000 ® y consistieron principalmente sobre tres proyectos, con intervenciones expeditas sobre problemas específicos a resolver en otros proyectos.
El informe se articula siguiendo un orden cronológico, comenzando por los objetivos de las prácticas, los trabajos realizados con sus dificultades y soluciones adoptadas y una evaluación posterior donde se destacan las conclusiones y aprendizajes de estas prácticas.Fil: Juan, Emanuel Enrique. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ingeniería.
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Dasgupta, Yashodhara. "NORMAL ABL1 IS A TUMOR SUPPRESSOR AND THERAPEUTIC TARGET IN BCR-ABL1-POSITIVE LEUKEMIAS." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/239008.
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BiologyPh.D.
BCR-ABL1 results from t(9;22)(q34;q11) reciprocal translocation resulting in BCR-ABL1 kinase expression, initiating chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). At the initial stages of CML-CP both oncogenic BCR-ABL1 kinase and normal ABL1 kinase are expressed, however, loss of ABL1 kinase expression in CML-CP can result from an interstitial deletion in the normal chromosome 9 [del(9q34)] which may be combined with the transcriptional silencing of the alternative ABL1 promoter within the translocation eventually leading to disease progression and drug resistance. We found that BCR-ABL1 Abl1-/- cells generated a CML-blast phase (BP)-like disease phenotype in NOD-SCID mice compared to the BCR-ABL1 Abl1+/+ cells. To determine the mechanisms responsible for blastic transformation of BCR-ABL1 Abl1-/- cells, we examined the role of ABL1 in proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, genomic instability, and stemness. The presence of ABL1 inhibited proliferation in BCR-ABL1 cells as BCR-ABL1 Abl1-/- cells had higher clonogenic activity and proliferative rate compared to their wild-type counterparts. ABL1 is essential for myeloid differentiation since BCR-ABL1 Abl1-/- cells showed an immature blast phenotype when stained with Wright-Giemsa and myeloid differentiation markers Gr-1 and CD11b. ABL1 promoted apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress as revealed by reduced clonogenicity and expression of p53, phosphoserine-15 p53 and activated caspase 3 in BCR-ABL1 Abl1+/+ compared to knock-out cells. Although the absence of ABL1 did not enhance ROS and oxidative DNA damage, it appears that an impaired DNA damage response may be responsible for higher chromosome numbers and an accumulation of high numbers of chromosomal aberrations in BCR-ABL1 Abl1-/- cells. We detected an expansion of Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in BCR-ABL1 Abl1-/- cells compared to BCR-ABL1 Abl1+/+ or non-transformed counterparts; among the LSCs, there was a higher percentage of CD34-Flt3- long-term and CD34+Flt3- short-term stem cells. These results showed that ABL1 is involved in regulating the LSC compartment in BCR-ABL1 cells. DNA microarray analysis revealed changes in mRNA levels of several genes involved in proliferation, myeloid differentiation, apoptosis, DNA damage response and `stemness' in BCR-ABL1 Abl1-/- cells in comparison to BCR-ABL1 Abl1+/+ cells. Together, these results demonstrate a critical role of ABL1 as a tumor suppressor in BCR-ABL1-induced leukemia, prolonging survival in mice by suppressing proliferation and expansion of LSC, inducing myeloid differentiation, apoptosis and DNA damage response in BCR-ABL1 cells. Loss of ABL1 was also found to contribute to Imatinib resistance in BCR-ABL1 cells. Moreover, we hypothesized that enhancement of the tumor-suppressor function of ABL1 may have a significant impact on CML treatment. A small molecule activator of ABL1 kinase, 5-(1,3-diaryl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)hydantoin (DPH), have been reported to interact with the myristoyl-binding site of ABL1 and destabilize the bent conformation of the á1 helix, thereby preventing the auto-inhibitory conformation. Western blot analysis revealed partially restored activation of ABL1 kinase when Imatinib-treated cells were incubated with DPH. DPH along with Imatinib was found to inhibit viability of BCR-ABL1 Abl1+/+ cells but not BCR-ABL1 Abl1-/- cells demonstrating its ABL1-specific mode of action. DPH when used in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as Imatinib and Ponatinib inhibited growth of CML CD34+ cells, Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Ph+B-ALL) cells and relapsed Ph+B-ALL cells harboring T315I mutation without affecting normal counterparts. A similar inhibitory effect was observed when TEL-ABL1-expressing cell lines and NUP214-ABL1-expressing murine bone marrow cells were treated with DPH and Imatinib, as well as Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) cells expressing FLT3-ITD mutation when treated with DPH in combination with AC220 which is the FLT3-ITD inhibitor. In summary, ABL1 is a potential tumor-suppressor in BCR-ABL1-induced leukemia and stimulation of its function may play a significant role in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for CML and other Fusion Tyrosine Kinase (FTK)-mediated hematologic malignancies.
Temple University--Theses
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Kang, Martin Hubert. "Post-transcriptional regulation of ABCA1." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43655.
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Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate an inverse relationship between HDL levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD), independent of LDL and triglyceride levels. Due to the crucial role ABCA1 plays in HDL biogenesis, increasing ABCA1 expression is considered an attractive strategy to increase plasma HDL levels. In this thesis we attempt to identify novel post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms that regulate ABCA1 expression and/or function. Prior to translation, ABCA1 protein expression is regulated by non-coding RNA molecules known as microRNAs which bind and inhibit translation of mature mRNA transcripts in the cytoplasm. In this study we used bioinformatic prediction programs to identify potential microRNA regulators of ABCA1. Using reporter constructs, protein expression analysis by immunoblotting, and cholesterol efflux assays, we validated microRNA-145 as a novel repressor of ABCA1 translation. The inhibition of endogenous microRNA-145 in HepG2 cells increases both ABCA1 protein levels and cholesterol efflux activity. The inhibition of this microRNA in the liver is a potential strategy to increase HDL levels. Following translation, numerous post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions are required for the ABCA1 protein to function properly. In this study we identified palmitoylation as a novel post-translational modifier of ABCA1. The majority of ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux and HDL biogenesis occurs at the cell surface. We show that palmitoylation is a crucial lipid addition for proper ABCA1 plasma membrane localization. We also identify a number of enzymes that mediate the incorporation of radio-labeled palmitate onto ABCA1, and demonstrate that the overexpression of the palmitoyl transferase enzyme DHHC8 increases ABCA1 palmitoylation and cholesterol efflux activity. The increase of ABCA1 palmitoylation in the liver is a novel strategy to increase HDL levels. In this thesis, we have contributed to the understanding of ABCA1 biology by the identification of two novel regulators of ABCA1 expression and/or function.
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Williams, Jeremy Hugh. "Monitoring the condition of semi-natural vegetation : the application of remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS)." Thesis, Bangor University, 1992. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/monitoring-the-condition-of-seminatural-vegetation--the-application-of-remote-sensing-and-geographical-information-systems-gis(c90702cb-be4f-454f-aba1-1c74484c0093).html.
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The principal objective of this thesis was to investigate the use of remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) technology in the survey and monitoring of semi-natural, vegetation. The effects of acidic deposition and airborne pollutants on vegetation were of particular interest during the 1980s and early 1990s. A first experiment studied the effect of simulated acid rain on the reflectance of birch seedlings. Plants exposed to acidic treatments lost the characteristic reflectance curve shape of healthy green vegetation. Spectroradiometer data were used to discriminate between plants in different rainfall treatments. A second experiment studied the effects of combinations of pollutant gases (03, S02+NO2, and 03+SO2+NO2) and acidic mists on the reflectance of white clover. Plants in the two treatments containing ozone showed marked changes in reflectance, and were statistically separable from the control. Simple and 4-waveband vegetation indices showed positive linear relationships with shoot dry weight. Plants in the treatments containing ozone showed marked decreases in shoot dry weight and vegetation index. Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATMý data were used to study the relationships between remotely-sensed radiance and water and soil chemistry on a large flood-plain mire in south Wales. Strong relationships between radiance and chemistry were found, suggesting associations between nutrient concentrations and the health and vigour of the mire vegetation. A study on the Glyderau mountains in Snowdonia investigated the potential for mapping upland vegetation using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data. It addressed the problems involved in classifying highly variable ground cover on valley floors, steep slopes and high plateaux, and the problems involved in reconciling the need for a generalised vegetation map with the fine detail present on the ground and in TM data. Pre- and post-classification digital spatial filters were used to produce TM classmaps which agreed closely with the ground survey data. GIS was used to extract management information.
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Dawalibi, Paul. "L'amour comme aban-don de soi." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.paris-sorbonne.fr/these_dawalibi/paris4/2008/these_dawalibi/html/index-frames.html.
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Par l’épreuve de la perte de soi, de la perte de l’intimité de soi, la mienneté se laisse-être-prise selon les exigences d’un aban-don originaire à ce qui fait commencer en elle la dé-mesure, la non-limite et le surcroît de ce qui a déjà commencé en elle depuis sa naissance. Ainsi, toute ressemblance tient en elle sa dif-férence, toute appropriation s’expose à une altération, tout pouvoir se brise, tout orgueil s’aliène et tout narcissisme s’étouffe sous le charme de sa propre beauté. Et puisque la limite d’un « chez soi » est par définition non-familière, le paradoxe des frontières, ainsi produit, altérera en tout cas le pouvoir d’être soi et même la signification d’un « chez soi » ontologique. Dès lors, se perdre c’est laisser l’aban-don de soi faire advenir l’arrivage de l’originaire en soi, c’est être originairement selon l’arrivage de l’événement de sa naissance, du recommencement du don originaire de soi. Seul l’arrivage de ce qui fait naître l’ipséité originairement, possibilise le se-laisser-être-aban-donné de soi. Seul l’arrivage de l’Amour rend possible la donation originaire de l’ipséité comme aban-don de soiBy the event of the loss of one, the loss of the intimacy of one, the self leash-being-taken according to the requirements of a native abnegation or renunciation in what made begin in her the immoderation, the nonlimit and the increasing of what has already begun in her since her birth. So, any resemblance holds in her its difference, any appropriation exposes it self to a change, any power breaks, any pride alienates and any narcissism suffocate or suppresses under the charm of its own beauty. And because the limit of one "at home" is by definition non-familiar, the paradox of the borders, so produced, will distort (alter) at least the power to be one and even the meaning of an "at home" ontological. From then on, get lost it is to let the self-abnegation make the native come in itself, it is to be originally according to the arrival of the event of its birth, of the resumption of the donation native of one. Only the arrival of what creates the self originally makes possible to let-be-abandoned by one. Only the arrival of Love makes possible the native donation as the self-abnegation
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Chambenoit, Olivier. "ABCA1 et l'homéostasie du cholestérol cellulaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX22023.
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Dawalibi, Paul Marion Jean-Luc Greisch Jean. "L'amour comme aban-don de soi." Paris : Université Paris Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2008. http://www.theses.paris4.sorbonne.fr/these_dawalibi/paris4/2008/these_dawalibi/html/index-frames.html.
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Bélair, Caroline. "Ab1-42 and Ab1-40 induce tau phosphorylation in human neurons." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27279.
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Alzheimer's disease is characterized by (1) senile plaques formed of aggregated amyloid peptides of 40 to 42 amino acids (A$ beta sb{1-40}$ and A$ beta sb{1-42}$) which are derived from the metabolism of the amyloid precursor protein, (2) by neurofibrillary tangles involving a dysfunction of the cytoskeleton due to the hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein, and (3) by amyloid-laden cerebral vessels. The goal of this project is to determine if there is a link between the presence of aggregated amyloid peptides and tau hyperphosphorylation.We incubated the human fetal primary neuron cultures with A$ beta sb{1-40}$ and A$ beta sb{1-42}$ (100nM). The western blots show that serine 202 epitope of tau protein is phosphorylated in a cyclic manner. With the tau phosphorylation assay, we showed that A$ beta sb{1-40}$ and A$ beta sb{1-42}$ activate one or more protein kinase(s) able to phosphorylate tau protein and more specifically the serine 202 epitope.
We conclude that pathological concentrations of aggregated peptides A$ beta sb{1-40}$ and A$ beta sb{1-42}$ activate protein kinases which induce the phosphorylation of tau protein and serine 202 epitope.
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Santiago, Cuéllar Julia. "Structural insights into ABA perception and signalling: structure of ABA receptor PYR1." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/13260.
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La sequía y la salinidad representan estreses ambientales que afectan de forma crítica el crecimiento de las plantas y limitan enormemente su potencial agrícola. La fitohormona ácido abcísico (ABA) juega un papel fundamental en la coordinación de la respuesta y adaptación de las plantas a este tipo de estreses, así como en la regulación del crecimiento y desarrollo vegetal. Elementos intermediarios de la ruta de señalización ya habían sido caracterizados, pero aún se desconocía el mecanismo de percepción y transducción de señal de la hormona. Este trabajo de tesis ha contribuido a la caracterización de una nueva familia de receptores intracelulares de la hormona ABA, formada por 14 miembros y denominada PYR/PYL (de pyrabactin resistance / PYR1-like) /RCAR (de Regulatory Component of Abscisic acid Receptor), y a su caracterización estructural y bioquímica. Estas proteínas son capaces de unir de forma específica la hormona ABA. La unión de la hormona induce en estos receptores un cambio conformacional, que les permite regular la actividad de los reguladores negativos de la ruta: fosfatasas del grupo A como ABI1, ABI2 o HAB1 ( Leung et al., 1994; Meyer et al.,1994; Saez et al., 2004). Para la caracterización de estos receptores se han llevado a cabo abordajes genéticos, bioquímicos, de calorimetría y estudios estructurales.Santiago Cuéllar, J. (2011). Structural insights into ABA perception and signalling: structure of ABA receptor PYR1 [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/13260
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Alfaro, Alicia E. "Prehispanic Water Management at Takalik Abaj, Guatemala." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1547711.
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Land and water use at archaeological sites is a growing field of study within Mesoamerican archaeology. In Mesoamerica, similar to elsewhere in the world, landscapes were settled based partially upon the characteristics of the environment and the types of food and water resources available. Across Mesoamerica, landscape concepts were also important to religious beliefs and ritual activity in a manner that may have had the potential to influence the power dynamics of a site. This thesis focuses on the management of water at the site of Takalik Abaj in Guatemala during the Middle to Late Preclassic periods (c. 1000 B.C. - A.D. 250) in order to analyze potential ritual and political functions of the water management system. Using spatial data within GIS, this thesis examines the flow of water across the site as directed by its topographical features. The archaeological record of Takalik Abaj and comparisons to water management systems at other Mesoamerican sites are also used to investigate the functions of the water management system. Thesis findings suggest that the water management system of Takalik Abaj was multi-faceted and that ritual functions tied to the control of water may have contributed to the identities and power of the elite.
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Sealy, Ian Malcolm. "Expression of wild-type and mutated ABP1." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263823.
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Garcia, Rosangela Silveira. "Entre abas : processos de enunciação em rede." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/180531.
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A aba de navegação é um universo de enunciação e constituição discursiva, cenário do agir e estar do sujeito em distintos espaços sociais no mundo digital. A territorialização nas abas constitui o universo das relações éticas e políticas emergentes das interações sociais. Partindo desta propositura, trazemos um estudo que tem como meta investigar os processos de enunciação que se estabelecem no mundo digital, visando analisar as formas como educadores enunciam e assumem posições sócio-enunciativas nas abas que territorializam. Metodologicamente, embora, essencialmente, centre-se no dialogismo como posição filosófica-enunciativa, esta pesquisa faz, durante seu percurso, certas aproximações dos pressupostos da área de estudos da Comunicação Mediada pelo Computador; de pressupostos da ciência das redes e da ARS (Análise de Redes Sociais). Os dados analisados são resultantes dos enunciados emergentes do discurso de educadores, advindos de comunidades virtuais no site de rede social Facebook. Os enunciados são considerados relacionados às suas conexões responsivas com outros enunciados que os antecedem e /ou os seguem, e na correlação com os espaços onde se produzem. Como forma de constituir a rede representativa destas relações, e analisá-las a partir do seu grau de conexão, adotou-se o software Pajek - software de código aberto - que possibilita visualização e análise de grandes redes, e como métrica analisou-se a centralidade dos constituintes da rede enunciativa A rede enunciativa formada foi analisada em duas perspectivas: da ARS, e de pressupostos bakhtinianos. Em nosso trajetar as principais descobertas nos levaram a perceber que o processo discursivo, em sua configuração, ou seja, na materialização por meio de enunciados, sofre efeitos da interface, assim como também lhe causa impacto. Que o enunciado produzido pelos educadores tem caráter autobiográfico acentuado e as relações dialógicas se estabelecem e circulam por distintos espaços, sendo seu encadeamento decorrente das ações de comentar e curtir. No âmbito das posições sócio-enunciativas, identificou-se que são múltiplas e não se apresentam de modo alternado, tampouco se configuram como partes isoladas e independentes de um todo. As posições sócio-enunciativas, neste caso, vão instituindo acabamentos provisórios ao si discursivo. Este estudo compreende que pode trazer contribuições ao campo das pesquisas em ciências humanas, e aos estudos dos processos de enunciação no contexto digital; contemplando um dos direcionamentos da linha de pesquisa Interfaces Digitais em Educação, Arte, Linguagem e Cognição do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática na Educação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) que tem como objetivo investigar os efeitos das interfaces digitais em diferentes campos empíricos.The navigation tab is a universe of enunciation and discursive constitution, scenery of the subject's acting and being in different social spaces in the digital world. Territorialisation in the tabs constitutes the universe of ethical and political relations emerging from social interactions. Starting from this proposition, we present a study that aims to investigate the processes of enunciation that are established in the digital world, aiming to analyze the ways in which educators enunciate and assume socio-enunciative positions in the tabs that territorialize. Methodologically, while essentially focusing on dialogism as a philosophical-enunciative position, this research makes, during its course, certain approximations of the assumptions of the area of study of Computer-Mediated Communication; of assumptions of the science of the networks and of the SNA (Social Networks Analysis). The data analyzed are the result of the emergent statements of the educators' discourse, coming from virtual communities on the social networking site Facebook. The statements are considered to be related to their responsive connections with other statements that precede and / or follow them, and in the correlation with the spaces where they are produced. As a way to form the representative network of these relations, and to analyze them from their degree of connection, Pajek software - open source software that allows visualization and analysis of large networks - was adopted, and, as a metric, centrality of the constituents of the enunciative network was analyzed The enunciative network formed was analyzed in two perspectives: SNA, and Bakhtinian assumptions. In our trajectory the main discoveries led us to realize that the discursive process, in its configuration, that is, in materialization through statements, has effects of the interface, as well as its impact. That the statement produced by the educators has an accentuated autobiographical character and the dialogic relations are established and circulate through different spaces and its linkage derives from the actions of comment and enjoyment. In the context of socio-enunciative positions, it has been identified that they are multiple and do not present themselves in an alternate way, nor do they form as isolated and independent parts of a whole. The socio-enunciative positions, in this case, are instituting provisional finishes for the yourself discursive. This study understands that it can contribute to the field of research in human sciences, and to the study of the processes of enunciation in the digital context, contemplating one of the directives of the research line Digital Interfaces in Education, Art, Language and Cognition of the Graduate Program in Computer Science in Education of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), whose objective is to investigate the effects of digital interfaces in different empirical fields.
La solapa de navegación es un universo de enunciación y constitución discursiva, escenario del actuar y estar del sujeto en distintos espacios sociales en el mundo digital. La territorialización en las alas constituye el universo de las relaciones éticas y políticas emergentes de las interacciones sociales. A partir de esta proposición, traemos un estudio que tiene como meta investigar los procesos de enunciación que se establecen en el mundo digital, buscando analizar las formas como educadores enuncian y asumen posiciones socio-enunciativas en las abas que territorializan. Metodológicamente, aunque, esencialmente, se centra en el dialogismo como posición filosófica-enunciativa, esta investigación hace, durante su recorrido, ciertas aproximaciones de los presupuestos del área de estudios de la Comunicación Mediada por el Ordenador; de los supuestos de la ciencia de las redes y de la ARS (Análisis de Redes Sociales). Los datos analizados son resultado de los enunciados emergentes del discurso de educadores, provenientes de comunidades virtuales en el sitio de la red social Facebook. Los enunciados se consideran relacionados con sus conexiones responsivas con otros enunciados que los anteceden y / o los siguen, y en la correlación con los espacios donde se producen. Como forma de constituir la red representativa de estas relaciones, y analizarlas a partir de su grado de conexión, se adoptó el software Pajek - software de código abierto - que posibilita visualización y análisis de grandes redes, y cómo métrica se analizó centralidad de los constituyentes de la red enunciativa La red enunciativa formada fue analizada en dos perspectivas: de la ARS, y de supuestos bakhtinianos. En nuestro trayecto los principales descubrimientos nos llevaron a percibir que el proceso discursivo, en su configuración, o sea, en la materialización por medio de enunciados, sufre efectos de la interfaz, así como también le causa impacto. Que el enunciado producido por los educadores tiene carácter autobiográfico acentuado y las relaciones dialógicas se establecen y circulan por distintos espacios, siendo su encadenamiento resultante de las acciones de comentar y de disfrutar. En el ámbito de las posiciones socio-enunciativas, se identificó que son múltiples y no se presentan de modo alternado, tampoco se configuran como partes aisladas e independientes de un todo. Las posiciones socio-enunciativas, en este caso, van instituyendo acabados provisionales al mismo discursivo. Este estudio comprende que puede aportar contribuciones al campo de las investigaciones en ciencias humanas, ya los estudios de los procesos de enunciación en el contexto digital; que contempla uno de los direccionamientos de la línea de investigación Interfaces Digitales en Educación, Arte, Lenguaje y Cognición del Programa de Postgrado en Informática en la Educación de la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) que tiene como objetivo investigar los efectos de las interfaces digitales en diferentes campos empíricos.
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HAMON, YANNICK. "Abc1, de la structure a la fonction." Aix-Marseille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX22067.
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Les transporteurs abc (atp binding cassette) forment une famille de proteines membranaires, dont la structure en domaines et la fonction atpasique sont conserves au cours de l'evolution. L'objectif de ma these avait pour finalite la caracterisation moleculaire d'un transporteur abc nouvellement identifie dans le laboratoire. Abc1 a ete clone par criblage d'une banque d'adnc de macrophage. Abc1 possede les caracteristiques fondamentales de la famille, deux domaines transmembranaires et deux domaines abc cytoplasmiques, mais egalement un cinquieme domaine enigmatique, cytoplasmique et potentiellement regulateur. Cette particularite nous a conduit a etudier la topologie membranaire de abc1 abc1 est fonctionnellement requis lors de la phagocytose de corps apoptotiques. Par expression heterologue dans des oocytes de xenope, abc1 se comporte comme un transporteur anionique electroneutre. Ces observations ont ete validees dans les macrophages peritoneaux de souris. Nous avons montre que les composes pharmacologiques inhibant l'activite de abc1 reduisait specifiquement une fonction physiologique du macrophage, la secretion d'interleukine 1. Nous avons cherche a reconstituer l'activite fonctionnelle de abc1 dans une lignee transfectante pour une construction abc1/gfp. Abc1 est localise a la membrane plasmique et dans un compartiment vesiculaire. L'expression de abc1 peut etre correlee a une modification des equilibres phospholipidiques, par l'analyse de l'exposition de residus phosphatidylserines sur le feuillet externe de la membrane plasmique. A la lumiere de nos differents resultats experimentaux et de la recente implication de abc1 comme le gene responsable de la maladie de tangier, nous pensons que abc1 joue un role fondamental dans l'homeostasie lipidique des membranes. La modification des equilibres lipidiques via abc1 permettrait les mouvements de membrane autour d'une cellule apoptotique ou bien permettrait l'entrainement des efflux cellulaires de cholesterol libre vers un accepteur proteolipidique.
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Chaabane, Khalid. "Bilan énergétique de Abax ater (Villers) (Coleoptera, Carabidae)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212613.
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Nagao, Kojiro. "Mechanism of high-density lipoprotein formation by ABCA1." Kyoto University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/120486.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第15443号
農博第1828号
新制||農||981(附属図書館)
学位論文||H22||N4542(農学部図書室)
27921
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻
(主査)教授 植田 和光, 教授 間藤 徹, 教授 阪井 康能
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Nandi, Shilpi. "The involvement of membrane vesiculation in ABCA1 mediated efflux." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27897.
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The mechanism of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) mediated cholesterol efflux is presently unclear. Cells expressing ABCA1 reported to display distinctive membrane-protrusion-like morphology and apoA1 was also seen to bind to those structures. We hypothesized that cholesterol efflux may be in part originated from membrane shedding through membrane vesiculation and therefore may rely on relatively flexible plasma membrane. We tested several reagents known to modulate membrane fluidity and found that cholesterol efflux is indeed inversely correlated with membrane rigidity. Additionally, using differential ultracentrifugation, we provide evidence that, during ABCA1 mediated cholesterol efflux, cells produce a significant quantity of apoA1 free membrane vesicles along with apoA1 containing lipoproteins. This process can be inhibited by rigidifying the plasma membrane. We therefore conclude that flexibility of plasma membrane is necessary for ABCA1 mediated cholesterol efflux and speculate that ABCA1 and apoA1 work together to secrete membrane vesicles during efflux.
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Rogers, Jennifer Jacqueline Mavis. "Mutational analysis of the maize auxin binding protein, ABP1." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249341.
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Alohaly, Manar Fathi. "Frameworks for Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) Policy Engineering." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707241/.
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In this disseration we propose semi-automated top-down policy engineering approaches for attribute-based access control (ABAC) development. Further, we propose a hybrid ABAC policy engineering approach to combine the benefits and address the shortcomings of both top-down and bottom-up approaches. In particular, we propose three frameworks: (i) ABAC attributes extraction, (ii) ABAC constraints extraction, and (iii) hybrid ABAC policy engineering. Attributes extraction framework comprises of five modules that operate together to extract attributes values from natural language access control policies (NLACPs); map the extracted values to attribute keys; and assign each key-value pair to an appropriate entity. For ABAC constraints extraction framework, we design a two-phase process to extract ABAC constraints from NLACPs. The process begins with the identification phase which focuses on identifying the right boundary of constraint expressions. Next is the normalization phase, that aims at extracting the actual elements that pose a constraint. On the other hand, our hybrid ABAC policy engineering framework consists of 5 modules. This framework combines top-down and bottom-up policy engineering techniques to overcome the shortcomings of both approaches and to generate policies that are more intuitive and relevant to actual organization policies. With this, we believe that our work takes essential steps towards a semi-automated ABAC policy development experience.
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Senger, Sigrun. "Einfluss von ABA auf frühe Embryogeneseprozesse." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962324604.
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Royle, Paul. "Regulation of the ABA biosynthetic pathway." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415501.
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Cyras, Kristijonas. "ABA+ : assumption-based argumentation with preferences." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/58340.
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This thesis focuses on using (computational) argumentation theory to model common-sense reasoning with preferences. Common-sense reasoning entails dealing with incomplete, uncertain and conflicting information. Argumentation as a branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) provides means to reason with such information in a formal way. An important aspect of commonsense reasoning is reasoning with preference information. As such, dealing with preferences is an important phenomenon in argumentation. Through our research, we aim to contribute to the understanding of preference information treatment in argumentation and common-sense reasoning, as well as AI at large. Our objective is to equip a well established structured argumentation formalism - Assumption-Based Argumentation (ABA) - with a new preference handling mechanism. To this end, we propose an extension of ABA, called ABA+, where preferences are accounted for by reversing attacks. This yields a novel way of dealing with preference information in structured argumentation. We also advance a new property concerning contraposition of rules, called Weak Contraposition, applicable to ABA+, and, potentially, to generic approaches to rule-based reasoning with preferences. We argue that ABA+ (with and without Weak Contraposition) exhibits various desirable formal properties concerning argumentation and/or preference handling. We analyse ABA+ in the context of other formalisms of argumentation with preferences and contend advantages of ABA+.
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Almehmady, Alshaimaa. "ABA triblock copolymer flower micelles formulations." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50848/.
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Amphiphilic polymeric materials have been used in pharmaceutical and biotechnology products for decades. These polymeric materials have grown considerably from their earlier use as surfactants, sequestering agents, drug delivery systems such as microparticles used as controlled release depots, to multifunctional polymeric micelles capable of targeting and controlling release of drugs. These generations of targeted polymeric micelles can be engineered to navigate complex biological environment, incorporate biological functionalities to achieve target specificity and control of drug concentration at tissue and cellular levels. Toward the goal to improve therapy efficacy and safety, a plethora of multivalent targeted polymeric nanocarriers fabricated from amphiphilic diblock and triblock copolymers have been investigated. Flower micelles is a type of advanced micellar architecture resulted from ABA amphiphilic triblock copolymers self-assembly. Present project focused on design, synthesis of a library of biocompatible, amphiphilic ABA triblock copolymers, based on a polyacrylate and poylacrylamide backbone, and selfassembly of these materials into flower micelles. Similar design drives the synthesis process toward precise engineering of block copolymers, therefore a combination of recently developed controlled polymerisation techniques which allowed production of uniform polymer chain and control of chain length in a reproducible quick manner have been used. A library of novel well-defined copolymers, poly(n-butyl acrylate) block-poly(Nhydroxyethylacrylamide)-block-poly(n-butyl acrylate), (n-BA)m-b-(N-HEA)nb-(n-BA)m, have been synthesised successfully using single electron transfer living radical polymerisation (SET-LRP), a 30 minutes step to yield >99% monomer conversion, and photo-induced living radical polymerisation (photoinduced LRP). Hydrophobicity can substantially influence supramolecular assembly of copolymers in aqueous environment. In this work, effect of copolymers hydrophobicity has been studied in a sub-library of copolymers in which poly(n-BA)m hydrophobic blocks length increased as follow: (n-BA)57-b-(NHEA)40-b-(n-BA)57 > (n-BA)9-b-(N-HEA)40-b-(n-BA)9 >(n-BA)3-b-(NHEA)40-b-(n-BA)3. Decreasing of polymeric micellar size was observable with increasing hydrophobic block lengths. Moreover, we found out that there is a clear relationship between copolymers cytotoxicity on Calu-3 cell line model and hydrophobicity of copolymers. Our data suggested that copolymers induce cytotoxicity by apoptotic means rather than interrupting cell membrane integrity. Covalent conjugation of active target ligands to the compositional ABA copolymers enable the formation of targeted-flower micelles. Exploiting the fact that numerous cancerous tissues are known to overexpress folate receptors, relative to normal tissues, folic acid used as active targeting ligand model. In this work, we attempted to create a folic acid-targeted flower micelle, however, conjugation data were not conclusive and therefore, no folic acid-targeted flower micelles were fabricated.
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Kaul, Sonu. "Uptake, transport and bioactivity of exogenously applied ABA and ABA analogues in white spruce and wheat seedlings." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ36644.pdf.
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Conforti, Evandro 1947. "Antena a guia cilindrico-circular comterminação em flange conica." [s.n.], 1987. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/261303.
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Tese (livre-docencia) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia EletricaMade available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T06:45:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Conforti_Evandro_LD.pdf: 1411719 bytes, checksum: f7e679b0f5365ad3d77069e8c1581463 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1987
Resumo: Não informado
Abstract: Not informed
Tese (livre-docencia) - Univer
Livre-Docente em Engenharia Eletrica
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Abah, Obinna [Verfasser], and Eric [Akademischer Betreuer] Lutz. "Quantum machines at the nanoscale / Obinna Abah. Gutachter: Eric Lutz." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2015. http://d-nb.info/1077914342/34.
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Jennelle, Lucas Trent. "Contribution of Calnexin to HIV-1 Nef effects on ABCA1." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3557581.
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HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of developing atherosclerosis, in part due to an altered HDL profile exacerbated by downmodulation and impairment of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1 (ABCA1) activity by the HIV-1 protein Nef. Nef has been shown to increase delivery of cholesterol to lipid rafts, sites of viral assembly and egress, by inhibition of ABCA1 cholesterol efflux functionality and reduction of ABCA1 protein levels through lysosomal degradation. Important mechanistic details of ABCA1 inactivation and degradation by Nef, and whether these two processes are intimately linked or separable are still to be defined. The studies presented here were designed to identify cellular co-factors for ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux that may be targeted by Nef to achieve ABCA1 inactivation. In these studies, a novel cellular factor, the ER-resident lectin chaperone calnexin, was shown to be involved in a physical interaction with ABCA1 that is disrupted by Nef. Nef was found to bind and redistribute calnexin and reduce binding and co-localization of ABCA1 with calnexin. In vitro knockdown of calnexin via RNAi reproduced several previously described biochemical effects of Nef, including redistribution of ABCA1, increased ABCA1 membrane localization, and reduced ABCA1 recycling. Importantly, knockdown of calnexin also resulted in reduced ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux, but without the Nef-mediated reduction in ABCA1 protein levels, suggesting that Nef utilizes a bipartite mechanism to inactivate and degrade ABCA1 and that these functions may be separable. Despite the lack of effect of calnexin knockdown on ABCA1 protein levels, interference with the ABCA1-calnexin interaction was critical for Nef-mediated functional impairment of ABCA1. This was shown with a Nef mutant defective in interaction with calnexin which was incapable of preventing ABCA1-calnexin interaction and was also defective in impairing ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux activity. Thus, these studies identified a novel mechanism by which HIV-1 Nef impairs functional activity of cholesterol transporter ABCA1 by blocking its interaction with calnexin. Calnexin acts as an ABCA1 functional chaperone, limiting total and cell surface ABCA1 expression while increasing ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux. Combined with the demonstration that Nef increases delivery of ABCA1 to lysosomes, these results suggest the Nef-mediated impairment of ABCA1 function involves reduced interaction with calnexin followed by delivery of ABCA1 to lysosomes for degradation.
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Hallasi, Cornejo Eduardo H., Cornejo Abel R. Hallasi, and Molina Rhafael Tinco. "Planeamiento estratégico de la Provincia de Padre Abad 2018-2027." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9541.
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La presente tesis tiene el enfoque de planeamiento estratégico para la provincia de
Padre Abad, ubicada en la región de Ucayali, con proyección al 2027. El desarrollo de esta
tesis ha permitido construir una nueva visión que incluya el desarrollo, sostenibilidad y
competitividad de la provincia, brindando progreso y calidad de vida a sus pobladores a través
del incremento de la producción de madera, turismo y agricultura.
En la investigación hecha por el grupo se detectó que esta provincia tiene muchas
ventajas, porque se encuentra en la zona amazónica del Perú. Dentro de las ventajas que
podemos enumerar se encuentran la producción de madera, turismo, agricultura, ríos,
abundantes recursos naturales, climas variados, etc. Sin embargo, falta capacitación y
tecnológica para los agricultores, productores de madera, turismo y demás servicios. La
provincia de Padre Abad no tiene ni servicios básicos ni infraestructura para toda la
población, y se requiere mayor participación del gobierno. Lo más importante en este
momento es generar una cultura de innovación sobre la base del desarrollo tecnológico para
poder capitalizar todas las actividades.
Por lo tanto, para poder lograr la nueva visión, se han elaborado objetivos de largo
plazo con su respectiva estrategia o estrategias que serán medidas todos los años mediante
objetivos de corto plazo. Asimismo, se requiere el cumplimiento de las políticas propuestas
para que las estrategias funcionen a plenitud. Es importante la sinergia de todos los
stakeholders: ciudadanos, empresarios, gobierno e inversionistas.
Finalmente, se propone entregar esta tesis a las autoridades de la provincia de Padre
Abad para que les sirva como herramienta en el logro de sus objetivos, así como entregarla a
los posibles inversionistas para que dirijan sus inversiones en los diferentes sectores que tiene
esta provinciaThe present thesis has the strategic plan approach for the province of Padre Abad located in the region of Ucayali with projection to 2027. The development of this thesis has permitted to construct a new vision that includes the development, the sustainability and the competitiveness of the Padre Abad province; providing progress and quality of life to its inhabitants through increased production of wood, tourism and agriculture. In the investigation made by the group, it was detected that this province has many advantages because it is in the Amazonian zone of Peru. Among the advantages that can be listed, are the wood production, tourism, agriculture, rivers, abundant natural resources, varied climates, etc. However, there is a lack of training and technology for farmers, producer of wood, tourism and other services. The Padre Abad province does not have all the basic services and infrastructure for the entire population, and it requires a majority participation by the government. The most important thing in this moment is to generate a culture of innovation, supported by technological development in order to capitalize on all activities. Therefore, to achieve the new vision, long-term objectives have been developed with their respective strategy which will be measured with short-term objectives. Likewise, compliance with the proposed policies is required for the strategies to function fully. It is important the synergy of all the stakeholders, within them are the citizens, the businessmen, the government; and the investors. Finally, it is proposed to deliver this thesis to the province of Padre Abad to serve as a tool for the achievement of its objectives, as well as deliver it to potential investors to make their investments in the different sectors that this province has
Tesis
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Priori, Posada Giovanni F. "ABAD YUPANQUI, Samuel. Derecho Procesal Constitucional. Lima: Gaceta Jurídica, 2005." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2005. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116155.
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Patel, Dipesh C. "Glycaemic influences on the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1)." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/6864.
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Increased glucose levels are associated with increased risk of vascular disease. The risk is elevated 2-4 fold in type 2 diabetes and there is a positive relationship between glucose (or HbA1c) levels and vascular disease in the general population. We tested the hypothesis that there is a glycaemia-mediated impairment of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) by studying an early key step, notably the expression and activity of the ATP binding cassette transporter-A1 (ABCA1). This protein exports cellular cholesterol to apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA-I), thereby forming nascent HDL. In this thesis, it is shown that ABCA1 gene expression in leukocytes in men is reduced in Type 2 diabetes and correlates negatively with circulating HbA1c levels and fasting glucose. This confirms our earlier findings in healthy men. An independent relationship between glycaemia and leukocyte ABCG1 gene expression was not seen. ABCA1 protein concentrations in blood leukocytes were reduced in patients with diabetes. ApoA-I-mediated cholesterol efflux in cultured fibroblasts taken from subjects was studied as a measure of ABCA1 function. This negatively associated with fasting glucose at the time of sampling as well as adiposity. Cellular cholesterol removal was reduced in subjects with diabetes compared with controls. There was a positive relationship between both ABCA1 function and leukocyte protein concentration with circulating HDL cholesterol. These relationships were independent of expression of liver X receptor-α (LXRα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ). These data imply a persistent glycaemia-mediated suppression of an early step in RCT which may contribute to the excess vascular disease observed in such patients. It further proposes impaired cholesterol efflux may contribute to the low circulating HDL cholesterol which is commonly seen in patients with impaired glucose regulation.
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Symonds, Rachael Catherine. "The manipulation of the ABA biosynthetic pathway." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410335.
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Hellman, Mikael, and Ruin Alexis Kalingas. "ABA Stol : En kontorsstol för aktivitetsbaserade arbetsplatser." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-282435.
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Aktivitetsbaserad arbetsplats, som också kan kallas ABA, har kommit för att stanna på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. Även om åsikterna går isär bland medarbetarna om det nya sättet att jobba finns det många fördelar för företagen. Många arbetsstolar är idag gjorda för ett mer traditionellt sätt att arbeta på och har ofta många och krångliga inställningar. I en mer rörlig miljö där personer byter stol varje dag, eller till och med flera gånger per dag, orkar inte alla ställa in stolen ordentligt vilket resulterar i dålig ergonomi. Eftersom många medarbetare är skeptiska till det nya sättet att jobba på ställs det också högre krav på att inredningen skapar en personlig och inbjudande arbetsmiljö. I detta arbete har en ny arbetsstol tagits fram, med god ergonomi och få tydliga justeringsmöjligheter och med rygg och sits av mesh. Fokus har även varit att positionera stolen på marknaden, skapa riktlinjer för designen samt att ta fram en miljöstrategi för tillverkning av stolen på ett sätt som tar hänsyn till miljön. Positioneringen resulterade i en inriktning mot aktivitetsbaserade arbetsplatser, då det inte finns stolar tydligt avsedda för dessa. Designriktlinjerna fick fokus på tre ord: nätt, komfort och enkel. Det har varit viktigt att stolen upplevs som sober i ett kontorslandskap, samtidigt som den är inbjudande, skön och erbjuder en personlighet för de som ska använda den. Riktlinjerna har exemplifierats med ett slutkoncept som visar en variant av hur en färdig stol skulle kunna se ut. Ergonomin har lösts med en synkronisk knäledsgunga. Denna styrs av en gasfjäder och kan viktjusteras med ett excentervred med sex lägen. Totalt finns tre justeringsmöjligheter, vilka är lås till den synkroniska gungan, viktjusteringen samt möjligheten att höja och sänka stolen. Stort arbete har legat i att konstruera och verifiera den synkroniska knägungans funktion och ergonomi. Detta gjordes med hjälp av CAD och en fysisk prototyp. Prototypen visar på att önskad rörelse och därmed ergonomi går att uppnå med den konstruerade synkroniska knägungan. Miljöarbetet har fokuserats på två delar. Den mer övergripande är att följa Svanenmärkningens regler, då detta regelverk befanns bäst lämpat för kontorsstolar. Utöver detta regelverk har efterforskning gjorts om hur man konstruerar en stol på bästa sätt så att en begagnad stol enkelt kan renoveras och rengöras för att få “ett andra liv”. När det gäller detta har mycket kommit att handla om en robust mekanism som håller länge samt en klädsel som är enkel att byta.Activity-based workplace has come to stay in Swedish offices, although many do not like the new way of working there are many advantages for the companies. Work chairs are today made for a more traditional way of working and often have many and complicated settings. In a more mobile environment where people change chairs every day or even several times a day, not everyone adjust the chair properly, resulting in poor ergonomics. Because not everyone likes the new way of working, it sets higher demands on the interior to make it more personal and inviting. In this work, a new task chair has been developed with good ergonomics and clear adjustments, with back and seat of mesh. The work has also been in positioning the chair, creating guidelines for the design and an environmental strategy for manufacturing a chair that takes the environment into account. The positioning focused on activity-based workplaces since there are no chairs clearly aimed for these. The design guidelines have focused on three words neat, comfort and simple. It has been important that the chair is sober in an office landscape while it is inviting, comfortable and offers a personality for those who will use it. The guidelines have been exemplified with a final concept that shows a variant of how a finished chair could look. The ergonomics have been resolved with a synchronized knee joint. This is controlled by a gas spring and can be weight-adjusted with an eccentric wheel with six positions. In total, three adjustment options are available for the synchronous tongue, the weight adjustment as well as raising and lowering the chair. Great work has been in designing and verifying the synchronizing knee swing function and ergonomics. This was done using CAD and a physical prototype. The prototype shows that the desired movement and thus ergonomics can be achieved with the constructed synchronous knee swing. The environmental work has been focused on two parts. The more general is to follow the Svanenmärkningen rules, as it is best suited for office chairs. In addition to this, exploration has done how to design a chair in the best way so that a used chair can be easily renovated and cleaned to get "a second life". There a lot has come of robust mechanism that lasts a long time and an upholstery that is easy to change.
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Grumelard, Julie. "Biomimetic superstructures from amphiphilic ABA-triblock copolymers /." Basel : [s.n.], 2005. http://edoc.unibas.ch/diss/DissB_7329.
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Ha, Tracy. "The role of pathogen defense signaling components in ABA signal transduction and isolation of an ABA/C23 signaling mutant." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1469579.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Oct. 15, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-76).
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Hawkes, Neil. "Does teaching values improve the quality of education in primary schools? : a study about the impact of introducing values education in a primary school." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bdb77d49-ab71-4d2b-87eb-ffa040ade219.
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This thesis has been undertaken to consider whether values education, as conceived in Palmer Primary School, improves the quality of educational provision. To do this, it explores the research question: Does teaching values improve the quality of education in primary schools? The research study seeks evidence to analyse whether moral education in positive values, in the form of values education, is fundamental to the purposes of developing quality education. Significantly, the study considers whether values education can enable pupils to internalise, and act on, a code of personal ethics. It considers the argument that values education may have positive qualitative effects on the attitudes and behaviour of adults and pupils in state primary schools. Furthermore, the study seeks to ascertain whether the methods and pedagogy of values education can be an effective means of implementing the second aim of the revised National Curriculum, which is concerned with the spiritual, moral, social and cultural development of pupils. This research study seeks to establish whether values education, as the embodiment of the aim, can pass on what the National Curriculum describes as enduring values and help pupils to be caring citizens capable of contributing to the development of a just society. It reflects on whether values education can be an effective means for reestablishing the moral purpose of education and thereby affect the quality of education in the state sector of schooling. The thesis is coherently structured in ten chapters that cover: the theoretical background to values education; a philosophical framework; a literature review, case studies, examination of data; conclusions and recommendations. The research methodology is designed to collect and analyse data from a main and subsidiary case study. It focuses on data from semi-structured interviews with fulltime teachers; pupil interviews; parent interviews; documents from Ofsted, governors' meetings and sample lessons. The potential significance of this study is whether the research produces evidence that will support further, more extensive, research that will consider whether values education represents a positive paradigm shift in the way that schooling in primary schools is conceived.
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Ross, Jonathan E. "Peptidomimetic foldamers of β-secondary structural elements." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a44b48d0-59fa-4f28-abac-7b66b6391d6c.
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Foldamers have the potential to be the synthetic equivalent of Nature's macromolecules; man-made oligomers that use a range of non-covalent interactions to fold into well defined structures. Chapter 1 introduces the challenges laid down by Gellman to chemists in creating foldamers; i) to design new polymers that reliably display interesting folding properties; ii) to be able to include novel and unnatural functional groups; and iii) make them easy to synthesise. Each of the foldamers made in this thesis will be evaluated against these challenges. Chapter 2 develops a mimic of the linear β-strand, based on alternating pyridyl/urea units, with the conformation enforced by dipolar repulsion. Conformational bias is demonstrated in the solution phase by computational and NMR studies, and in the solid phase by X-ray crystallography. The concept is extended to the inclusion of hydrophilic residues and conformation is maintained in a polar protic solvent. Chapter 3 describes the design and synthesis of a three- and four-stranded β-sheet mimic templated by the diphenylacetylene motif. The folding is enforced by a hydrogen bonding network demonstrated via extensive solution phase studies and X-ray crystallography. Chapter 4 explores the scope of this new architecture. The meander is successfully elongated to seven strands, and the structure shown to be amenable to the inclusion of D-amino acids and hydrophilic residues. The foldamer is therefore shown to meet all of Gellman's criteria. Chapter 5 uses the diphenylacetylene motif to study the factors involved in the formation of β-sheets, specifically the effect of side-chain identity on hydrogen bond strength. The difference in strengths is shown to be minimal, suggesting that β-sheet propensity is due to the energy changes in forming the extended conformation rather than forces between strands.
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Johan, Filip Rindler Johan Filip. "Lower Semicontinuity and Young Measures for Integral Functionals with Linear Growth." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c4736fa2-ab51-4cb7-b1d9-cbab0ede274b.
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Lockyer, Anne. "Molecular and biological analysis of the putative Golgi mannosidase II and other enzymes involved in N-linked glycosation in Drosophila melanogaster." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c5f4bae1-5f4e-46a7-abae-51eeb8f73bbe.
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Glycosylation is a fundamental post-translational modification of proteins that occurs in all eukaryotes, but the biological significance of specific glycosylation structures is still largely unknown. We have chosen to study this process by cloning and characterizing the genes involved in the N-linked glycosylation pathway in Drosophila melanogaster and analysing mutants of these genes. Since this biochemical pathway for the production of N-linked glycans is considerably conserved, studying it in Drosophila, a useful organism for genetic research, should yield results applicable to other eukaryotes. This thesis describes the attempt to identify a Drosophila homologue of rat ER mannosidase and how this investigation resulted in the identification of a Drosophila cDNA with considerable homology to calnexin, an enzyme involved in the folding of N-glycosylated proteins. It also describes the cloning and characterization of the genomic sequence for the putative Golgi mannosidase II (GmII)* in Drosophila. The expression and control of expression of GmII have been investigated further, and have suggested expression of this gene throughout Drosophila development. Analysis of the GmII promoter region has shown expression from a TATA-less promoter contained within 288bp of sequence 5' to the start of transcription.
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Freeman, Alexandra L. J. "Butterflies as signal receivers." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a441ad53-dba2-406a-ab71-466ac0831782.
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This thesis examines the existence of colour preferences in butterflies. Two polymorphic species - the Mocker Swallowtail (Papilio dardanus) and the Silver-Washed Fritillary (Argynnis paphia) are used as study species. Both the basis of colour preferences in mate choice and flower choice during feeding, and the implications of the preferences for the evolution of the species and morphs are investigated. In the Silver Washed Fritillary a non-genetically determined preference exists for highly saturated orange coloration in both mate and flower choice. This is shown not to be due to a bias for orange in colour reception through the use of electroretinograms, measuring the electrical output of the retina when exposed to light of varying wavelengths. It has not been possible, however, to rule out the possibility that the preference for the most common, orange, female morph is learnt. The flower colour preferences of the Mocker Swallowtail are investigated, and it is demonstrated that individuals show an initial preference for blue flowers, and also learn rapidly to feed off flowers of other colours that prove profitable. Their decision to try flowers of other colours is shown to be influenced by the behaviour of other individuals. In previous mate choice experiments, experienced males of the species have been shown to have a preference for the most common, black and white, morph. The colours of the morphs and the spectral sensitivities of the butterflies are analysed quantitatively. The initial and subsequent preferences of naive males are investigated in behavioural experiments, and a possible influence of learning on their subsequent choices is discovered. No influence of female choice is found. This information is then used to create a mathematical model of the population structure, for which it is also necessary to determine the relative payabilities of the model and mimic, and the mating frequency of wild males. The model demonstrates how the observed population structures might arise through evolutionary time. Measurements of the morphology of males and females of Papilio dardanus, and one of its putative models, Danaus chrysippus, shows that in Papilio dardanus females the centre of gravity is positioned significantly further back than in males and in Danaus chrysippus. This positioning far from the wing base has already been shown to handicap an individual escaping from a predator due to decreased acrobatic ability. It has also already been shown that mimetic species tend to have centres of mass positioned further back than non-mimetic species, and hence it is possible that the position of a centre of mass of a butterfly (and its effect on agility) may be a factor in the evolution of mimicry in a species or (where females carry a large egg load) in females of a species only.
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Williams, Arthur Howard. "Adar yng ngwaith y Cywyddwyr." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/62c92587-ab31-4062-a7bf-9ff8af4060cb.
Full textAbstract:
Yn y traethawd hwn astudir yr ymdriniaeth â'r adar yn y farddoniaeth Gymraeg gaeth a luniwyd rhwng tua 1300 a 1600. Yn bennaf, gwaith y Cywyddwyr a ystyrir ond cymerir peth sylw o feirdd y bedwaredd ganrif ar ddeg nad oeddent yn cyfansoddi cywyddau. Ar ôl rhagarweiniad byr rhennir y traethawd yn bum prif bennod. Ym Mhennod 2 ystyrir y ffyrdd yr edrychid ar y byd naturiol trwy Ewrop, yn enwedig ar y syniadaeth a etifeddwyd o'r Oes Glasurol ac ar fydolwg Cristnogol y cyfnod, a hwnnw'n anochel lywodraethol. Ymwna Pennod 3 â chywyddau gofyn a diolch am adar a genid o 1450 ymlaen, am elyrch, peunod, ffesantod ac yn enwedig adar hela. Mae Pennod 4 yn ymdrin â swyddogaethau adar o sawl math fel llateion yn y canu serch ac, yn yr unfed ganrif ar ddeg, fel negeswyr a yrrid at noddwyr, cyfeillion a pherthnasau i'w hannerch. Edrychir hefyd ar rôl adar a gynghorai'r bardd ei hunan. Ym Mhennod 5 troir at gerddi lle erys yr adar yn eu cynefin naturiol, yn bennaf at rôl yr adar bychain yn y canu serch a luniwyd gan Ddafydd ap Gwilym a'i olynwyr ond hefyd at gerddi am adar nad ystyrid mor glodwiw, megis y cyffylog ac yn enwedig y dylluan. Yn y bennod sylweddol olaf (Pennod 6) ystyrir y defnydd o adar i greu trosiadau ym mhob genre yn y canu. Mae hyn yn cwmpasu nid yn unig y darluniadau o'r uchelwyr fel adar ysglyfaethus o bob math ond hefyd y defnydd o beunod, elyrch a gwylanod at ddibenion y canu mawl. Edrychir hefyd ar adar y canu dychan, fel gwyddau, barcutiaid a garanod, ac ar yr arfer o guddio cymeriadau'r canu brud trwy roi enw aderyn (ymhlith creaduriaid eraill) arnynt. Atodir amryw luniau o adar i geisio goleuo'r disgrifiadau ohonynt yn y cerddi.
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Rees, Matthew. "Faith-based political engagement at the sub-state level in the UK : the cases of Wales and Northern Ireland." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/3c947c1a-bce4-4b7e-abf1-d8c203da5add.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines how faith-based organisations (FBOs) engage at the sub-state level in the UK. Despite the important political role played by religion historically, in contrast to Scotland, FBO engagement has received very limited attention in the cases of post-devolution Wales and Northern Ireland. By conducting a comparative study of these two cases, the thesis addresses the central research question: ‘In what ways have faith-based organisations engaged with devolved political institutions at the sub-state level in the UK’. In terms of its structure, the thesis is divided into two parts. The first half provides the foundation for the empirical study by assessing the current literature on FBO engagement at the sub-state level in the UK. Following this, it establishes the theoretical framework by conceptualising the FBO as a pressure group. This also informs the research questions, variables and hypotheses investigated. The second half of the thesis reports on the empirical case study based research. The findings highlight how FBOs engaged with devolved political institutions by adapting their political advocacy structures. Each FBO has pursued an insider strategy, with strongly rooted FBOs often supplementing it with an outsider strategy. In response, the majority of FBOs have received a privileged insider status from government, with the exception of weakly rooted FBOs in Northern Ireland. As regards effectiveness, strongly rooted FBOs are well placed to act as effective pressure groups, as are weakly rooted FBOs if they have identified resources desired by decision makers and are in circumstances where a government has established sponsored structures for faith communities. This thesis’ main contribution is its empirical study of FBO engagement at the sub-state level in Wales and Northern Ireland. More general insights are achieved by triangulating the findings with existing studies from the Scottish case. The thesis also contributes more widely to the literature on religion and politics in the UK, pressure group theory and to the privatisation and de-privatisation of religion literature.
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Saitta, Evan. "The taphonomy of soft tissues and the evolution of feathers." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/4d80b879-abf1-41a5-8520-1c118e7d1a48.
Full textAbstract:
Understanding how fossils form is imperative if one wishes to interpret them. For palaeontology to contribute to biology regarding the behaviour, physiology, ecology, and evolution of extinct organisms, interdisciplinary approaches must account for physical and chemical changes of organismal remains through geologic processes. One example of this interdisciplinary requirement is with regard to feather evolution. Feathers serve many key functions (e.g., thermoregulation, signalling, camouflage, water repellence, flight) and are a key adaptation with respect to the diversity and longevity of the avian clade and some non-avian dinosaurs. Feathers are also complex integumentary structures consisting of organic and inorganic components (e.g., keratin protein, pigments, and calcium phosphate) and, although not preserved as often as skeletal material, are represented by a relatively large sample of exceptionally preserved fossils. This thesis attempts to understand the taphonomy of keratinous structures and soft tissues more generally, which can help us to better interpret fossils, especially when modern analogues are lacking. Following an introduction to molecular taphonomy, a background behind the analytical methods used, and a primer on the application of molecular taphonomy to the study of feather evolution, part one of this thesis, containing chapters one and two, examines fossil feather preservation. In chapter one, a Late Cretaceous Shuvuuia deserti dinosaur feather fibre, once thought to consist of keratin protein based on antibody staining, is reanalysed using microscopic, elemental, and molecular analyses and found to be inorganic, inconsistent with protein, and largely calcium phosphate. The fact that Shuvuuia feathers are preserved as simple phosphatic fibres potentially indicates that the feathers of this taxon were more complex in life than originally thought, with a calcified rachis whose inorganic molecules are the sole tissue component preserved and barbs whose organics were lost. The analyses revealed that cyanoacrylate glue coated the fibre, deriving from the fossil's preparation. Cyanoacrylates are known to adsorb antibodies, offering a mechanism to explain the earlier antibody stains for keratin protein as false positives. Applying immunohistochemistry to fossils is therefore ill-advised given risks of false positives. Furthermore, the direct chemical analyses of this fossil indicate that protein is lost while other components can survive. In chapter two, the more heavily-studied mode of integumentary structure preservation is examined using photographs of carbonaceously-preserved feathers from China. Previous work has concluded that such organic fossils of keratinous structures consist solely of stable, yet diagenetically-altered, melanin pigment and melanosomes. Here, decay processes that separated individual feathers from the rest of the plumage reveal that some paravians had primitive, extinct contour feather morphologies. Other primitive traits of dinosaur feathers are examined with a discussion of how these extinct morphologies might have altered feather function. In addition, this chapter highlights the importance of taphonomy when interpreting fossils that lack appropriate modern analogues (e.g., evo-devo models do not predict some fossil feather morphologies). While keratinous structures can be hypothesised to show differential stability of their underlying components through phosphatic or pigment-based preservation using direct observations of fossils, the loss of keratin protein can also be experimentally investigated. Part two of this thesis, containing chapters three through five, focuses on diagenesis. In chapter three, differential survival between tissues or the components of a tissue is examined through the development of a novel experimental procedure. Thermal maturation has been used for decades to simulate molecular stability through diagenesis, but the breakdown products observed are not always present in fossils. To account for molecular mobility and stability, specimens are compacted into sediment prior to maturation, allowing pore spaces to act as a filter whereby stable organics remain in situ while unstable organic breakdown products can escape through the sediment. In this chapter, experiments on feathers and lizards produce macrostructures and ultrastructures resembling those of exceptionally-preserved fossils, showing simultaneous loss of proteins and labile lipids while melanosomes remain. Sediment-encased maturation may assist in addressing a wide variety of taphonomic hypotheses and emphasises the importance of diagenetic stability on the preservation potential of organismal remains. One question that arises is whether the pattern of preferential loss of proteins and labile lipids presented here represents an accurate understanding, given that claims of dinosaur bone proteins, cells, and vessels abound in the literature. In chapter four, this thesis looks beyond keratin and critically examines the organics within dinosaur fossil bone. Chemical and biological analyses of Late Cretaceous dinosaur bone, an open system, collected in a manner to minimize contamination suggest that no endogenous protein or cellular structures survive although some kerogen from endogenous lipids might be present. Instead, the bone provides a habitat for a unique and thriving subterranean microbiome, complicating claims of original bone organics and demonstrating how even recent biological processes must be considered when studying taphonomy. It is important to determine what chemical signature protein would yield after tens-of-millions-of-years without complications due to the loss of original organics or introduction of exogenous contamination. To address this, closed systems must be examined. In chapter five, chemical analyses of Late Cretaceous sauropod dinosaur eggshell calcite, a closed system, reveal endogenous amino acids consistent with complete peptide sequence loss (i.e., only the four most thermally-stable amino acids were detected and all are fully racemised, while no non-contaminant peptide sequences could be detected). These results represent well-supported protein-derived material from non-avian dinosaurs. More importantly, the complete hydrolysis of closed-system proteins suggests that preservation of Mesozoic peptide sequences is unlikely. Fossils are the only available data on extinct organisms for which there are no appropriate modern analogues, and correct interpretation of this data must consider taphonomy. This thesis concludes with a summary of the current state of knowledge on keratinous structure fossilisation, a judgement on the validity of previous dinosaur 'soft tissue' claims, and suggestions for future molecular taphonomy research. When analysing fossil keratinous structures, pigments and calcium phosphate are likely the only surviving components in specimens of appreciable age or thermal maturation. However, despite the limited preservation potential of proteins, their thermally-stable amino acids, in addition to stable biominerals, pigments, and certain lipids, will likely offer great potential for molecular taphonomists to study life in the deep past. Stable biominerals have always provided the vast majority of palaeontological data, while fossil pigments and lipids can provide unique palaeobiological insight such as colour patterning and, possibly in the future, sex determinations of fossil specimens, respectively. Although biomolecules prone to extreme diagenetic degradation lose information, even greatly-altered fossil biomolecules, such as closed-system eggshell amino acids, may at the very least provide material for new stable isotope approaches.
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Vasistha, Navneet A. "Role of Tbr2 in intermediate progenitors during cortical neurogenesis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cca66b37-145e-4212-ab01-0f11fe1c9be5.
Full textAbstract:
During embryonic development neurons of the cerebral cortex are generated from various progenitor cells that have progressively restricted fate. Understanding the multiple regulatory pathways that regulate the cell cycle kinetics and the identity of neurons is crucial to comprehend the etiology of severe developmental defects such as microcephaly and polymicrogyria and also the evolutionary expansion of the mammalian cerebral cortex. Intermediate progenitors (IPCs) express the transcription factor Tbr2 (a T-box gene) and deletion of this gene causes a decrease in brain size and cortical thickness. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating behavior of IPCs. In this thesis, I studied the molecular mechanisms regulating cell division and cell fate choices in IPCs using an overexpression system. I show that Tbr2 controls the expression of key genes such as Cdk4, Aspm and Wnt5a by directly binding to upstream regulatory sequences. These downstream targets could explain the role played by Tbr2 in cell cycle, spindle assembly and Wnt signaling in intermediate progenitors. The interaction with Aspm also suggests a possible mechanism of self-renewal of IPCs leading to an expanded generation of cortical neurons and ultimately an increased cortical size. While the role of IPCs in cortical neurogenesis is undisputed, it is widely believed that they contribute only towards supragranular layers. Using a knock-in transgenic mouse line (Tbr2Cre), I show that IPCs provide glutamatergic neurons (but not GABAergic neurons or GFAP+ astrocytes) towards all cortical layers in a significant proportion (20-40%). I also show that clonally generated neurons disperse within tangential dimension across the cortex significantly closer (142.1 ± 76.8 µm) than unrelated ones (294.9 ± 105.4 µm) though within the confines of a cortical column (300-600 µm). Finally, I describe the similarity in the germinal zones of a large-brained gyrencephalic rodent, agouti and a lissencephalic primate, marmoset. Both these species show similar germinal zone cytoarchitecture and distribution of various progenitors. Further, the number of IPCs is grossly expanded thus demonstrating the conserved role of IPCs in cortical expansion regardless of the folding status of the cortex in these two species.
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Ziegler, Reuven. "Voting rights of recognised Geneva Convention refugees in their countries of asylum." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b48689d0-d6f8-49fd-aba7-0cb7ca8e2f3a.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis concerns persons recognised as refugees based on the criteria set by Article 1A(2) of the 1951 Geneva Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (CSR1951) and residing in a Contracting State. It appraises the exclusion of CSR1951 refugees from participation in elections of their countries of asylum pursuant to a citizenship voting qualification, which most countries set. It is emphasised that, since neither the CSR1951 refugees nor their country of asylum know when or indeed whether cessation of CSR1951 refugee status may occur, their exclusion may last for an indeterminate period of time. CSR1951 confers on recognised refugees a host of civil, social and economic rights in their country of asylum; voting rights are absent. Concomitantly, while the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (and regional human rights treaties) pronounce that all persons are entitled to have their rights respected, protected and promoted, Contracting States are permitted to reserve two rights for their (full) members: the right to enter and remain in their country, and the right to vote in its elections. The central claim of this thesis is that recognised CSR1951 refugees are a special category of non-citizen residents, due to their unique political predicament. They are unable to participate in elections of their country of origin, do not enjoy its diplomatic protection and consular assistance abroad, and – most fundamentally – are unable or unwilling, owing to a well-founded fear of persecution, to return to it for an indeterminate (and potentially protracted) period. It is submitted that recognised CSR1951 refugees should be entitled to vote in elections of their countries of asylum, notwithstanding general citizenship qualifications imposed by these countries. At present, treaty law does not require countries of asylum to enfranchise their recognised CSR1951 refugees. Hence, this thesis explores a gap in international refugee law and international human rights law between de lege lata and de lege ferenda; it is an exercise in ‘progressive development of the law’. Its inquiry is located in the international domain, and concerns, in principle, any Contracting State which admits and recognises CSR1951 refugees. References to national or regional practices serve solely an illustrative purpose.
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Bett, Douglas Robert. "The development of a fast intra-train beam-based feedback system capable of operating on the bunch trains of the International Linear Collider." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a7bcc7fd-abb1-4b65-9fa1-9aacb825c7bc.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis will describe the latest work from the Feedback On Nanosecond Timescales project, commonly known as FONT. The goal of the FONT project is the development of a beamline feedback system to be installed at the interaction point (IP) of a future linear collider in order to maximize the luminosity that can be achieved. The prototype FONT feedback system is beam-based, meaning that the correction is determined from direct measurement of the position of the beam, and intra-train, meaning that the correction is applied within the duration of the current bunch train. The FONT system, consisting of three stripline beam position monitors, a digital processor unit built around a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and a pair of electromagnetic kickers, is described. Recent improvements to the position measurement process are detailed and the performance of the feedback system is presented. The modification of the firmware to operate on a machine with a large number of bunch trains, such as the International Linear Collider, is described and the design is verified through the use of a laboratory test bench developed to simulate such a machine. The FONT5 digital board is proved capable of operating on a train resembling the specification for the International Linear Collider: 2820 bunches separated in time by 308 ns.
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Storey, Damien. "Mere appearances : appearance, belief, & desire in Plato's Protagoras, Gorgias, & Republic." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b13abb0f-978d-4b70-ab01-7c5a4ef448a4.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the role appearances play, with notable continuity, in the psychology and ethics of Plato's Protagoras, Gorgias, and Republic. Common to these dialogues is the claim that evaluative appearances are almost invariably false: what appears to be good or bad is typically not in fact so and what is good or bad typically does not appear so. I argue that this disparity between apparent and real value forms the basis of Plato's diagnoses of a wide range of practical errors: psychological phenomena like akrasia, mistaken conceptions of the good like hedonism, and the influence of cultural sources of corruption like oratory, sophistry, and poetry. It also, relatedly, forms the basis of his account of lower passions like appetite, anger, or fear. Such passions are especially prone to lead us astray because their objects -- appetitive pleasures like food, drink, or sex, for example -- present especially deceptive appearances. One of the principal aims of this thesis is to show that this presents a significant point of agreement between the psychologies of the Protagoras, Gorgias, and Republic. In all three dialogues, I argue, motivational errors result from a specific kind of cognitive error: the uncritical acceptance of appearances. Plato's early and middle psychologies differ in their account of the subject of this error -- in the Protagoras and Gorgias, the whole person; in the Republic, the appetitive or spirited part of a person's soul -- but not in their basic theory of how our passions arise or, crucially, why they are liable to motivate us towards harmful ends.
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Ambrose, Timothy James William. "Serine hydrolase activity and roles for monoacylglycerol lipase in innate immunity and intestinal inflammation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f7a12796-ae8f-4121-ab1a-26778261ac78.
Full textAbstract:
Detection of evolutionarily conserved pathogen motifs by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), particularly on dendritic cells (DCs), is crucial for adequate immune responses. Defects in DC function are known to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is the system through which exocannabinoids such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol signal. Regarding inflammation, cannabinoids generally exert anti-inflammatory effects, including on experimental colitis. However, most work has been performed in animal models and less is known about the function of this system in human immune cells, particularly DCs. Monoacylglycerol lipase (MGLL) is the key enzyme for hydrolysis of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and a member of the serine hydrolase enzyme superfamily. This thesis defines the activity of serine hydrolase enzymes for the first time in human DCs upon stimulation by NOD2/TLR2 ligands using activity-based protein profiling (ABPP). MGLL is shown to be ubiquitously upregulated upon stimulation of DCs and in monocyte-derived macrophages. Through pharmacological inhibition studies, MGLL is demonstrated to regulate cellular and secreted lipids, not limited to endocannabinoids. However, overall DC function is independent of this enzyme suggesting that the effects of lipid modulation may be on bystander cells. Challenging the current literature, MGLL inhibition with a novel inhibitor worsens murine Citrobacter rodentium colitis. Finally, ABPP demonstrates a rich serine hydrolome in colonic tissue from human IBD with many enzymes previously undefined in this disease. Gene expression of ECS components suggests the enzymes ABHD12 and DAGLα/β may be potential markers of field change in IBD.
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Yang, Jinchao. "Development and application of bifunctional iminophosphorane organocatalysts." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fa250f43-ab91-4aec-9fa3-f6ccdb444bb5.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents the development and application of bifunctional iminophosphorane (BIMP) organocatalysts, incorporating a triaryl-substituted iminophosphorane organosuperbase for organocatalytic enantioselective reactions. Chapter 2 describes the design and synthesis of a new class of BIMP catalysts and its application in the first organocatalytic enantioselective sulfa-Michael reaction of alkyl thiols to unactivated β-substituted α,β-unsaturated esters. The conjugate adducts were obtained in up to 94% yield and 94% ee. In addition, the reaction was performed on a 1 gram preparative scale with 1 mol% catalyst. Chapter 3 describes the application of BIMP catalysts in the enantioselective desymmetrisation reaction via an intramolecular Michael addition of a pendant pronucleophile to prochiral cyclohexadienone. The high Brønsted basicity of BIMP catalysts was demonstrated in the Michael addition of high pKa pronucleophiles, such as a-substituted malonamate and amide. Chapter 4 describes the application of BIMP catalysts in the challenging Michael addition of malonates to crotonates, cinnamates and methacrylates. For example, the conjugate adduct of malonate and hexafluoroisopropyl cinnamate was achieved in 91% yield and 63% ee in 48 h.
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Daalder, Jurrit. "Straight from the Heartland : New Sincerity and the American Midwest." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ac2cbe67-2938-4d60-ab41-30944cb6c4eb.
Full textAbstract:
As more and more critics now write about postmodernism in the past tense, the 'New Sincerity' of a group of late twentieth-century American writers, led by David Foster Wallace, Jonathan Franzen, and Richard Powers, has been championed as one of its successors. In response to these increasingly widespread views, this dissertation argues that much more can be learned about these three writers when we stop thinking of their work within this 'end of postmodernism' discourse. Instead of attempting to make claims about its novelty, this thesis conducts a literary-historical inquiry into the New Sincerity, arguing that its roots extend across postmodernism and reach back to regionalism, in particular from the midwestern provinces that all three authors grew up in and that occupy a central place in their work. Though regionalism's subject matter, small-town America, is commonly believed to have died in the postwar period, it is this 'death of the prairie town' and its symbolic afterlife that have opened up new literary possibilities outside the realm of conventional regionalism. The powerful feelings of loss and nostalgia that its death has engendered are precisely those of which Wallace, Franzen, Powers, and the New Sincerity in general make creative use. The thesis examines how they do so in a series of three extended chapters, each of which focuses on one author. The first chapter pays careful attention to Wallace's re-imagining of the Midwest over the course of his career and reveals how he constantly deviated from the literary trajectory he had outlined in his essay 'E Unibus Pluram,' a key text in the 'end of postmodernism' discourse. The second chapter explores what role the Midwest plays in Franzen's authorial self-presentation and his contradictory attempts to balance 'high-art' status with an anti-elitist image. The third and final chapter gets to the root of Powers's problems with flat characters by examining how he all too readily relies on the Midwest and its stereotypical associations with all-American goodness in his attempts to create endearing characters. Here, as well as in the other two chapters, it is the construction of a symbolic 'heartland' that plays a central role in the creative process behind the author's New Sincerity writing.