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Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Ma, L., R. L. Hanson, M. T. Traurig, Y. L. Muller, B. P. Kaur, J. M. Perez, D. Meyre, et al. "Evaluation of A2BP1 as an Obesity Gene." Diabetes 59, no. 11 (August 19, 2010): 2837–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1604.

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2

Dong, Licai, Hao Yan, Xuebing Huang, Xiaofeng Hu, Yongfeng Yang, Cuicui Ma, Bo Du, et al. "A2BP1 gene polymorphisms association with olanzapine-induced weight gain." Pharmacological Research 99 (September 2015): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2015.06.003.

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3

Kiehl, Tim-Rasmus, Hiroki Shibata, Tramy Vo, Duong P. Huynh, and Stefan-M. Pulst. "Identification and expression of a mouse ortholog of A2BP1." Mammalian Genome 12, no. 8 (August 2001): 595–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00335-001-2056-4.

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4

Hamada, Nanako, Hidenori Ito, Ikuko Iwamoto, Makoto Mizuno, Rika Morishita, Yutaka Inaguma, Sachiyo Kawamoto, Hidenori Tabata, and Koh-ichi Nagata. "Biochemical and morphological characterization of A2BP1 in neuronal tissue." Journal of Neuroscience Research 91, no. 10 (August 6, 2013): 1303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jnr.23266.

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5

Gehman, Lauren T., Peter Stoilov, Jamie Maguire, Andrey Damianov, Chia-Ho Lin, Lily Shiue, Manuel Ares, Istvan Mody, and Douglas L. Black. "The splicing regulator Rbfox1 (A2BP1) controls neuronal excitation in the mammalian brain." Nature Genetics 43, no. 7 (May 29, 2011): 706–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.841.

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6

Joshita, Satoru, Takeji Umemura, Kaname Yoshizawa, Yoshihiko Katsuyama, Eiji Tanaka, and Masao Ota. "A2BP1 as a novel susceptible gene for primary biliary cirrhosis in Japanese patients." Human Immunology 71, no. 5 (May 2010): 520–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2010.02.009.

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7

Martin, Christa Lese, Jacqueline A. Duvall, Yesim Ilkin, Jason S. Simon, M. Gladys Arreaza, Kristin Wilkes, Ana Alvarez‐Retuerto, et al. "Cytogenetic and molecular characterization of A2BP1 / FOX1 as a candidate gene for autism." American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics 144B, no. 7 (May 14, 2007): 869–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.30530.

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8

Guven-Ozkan, Tugba, Germain U. Busto, Soleil S. Schutte, Isaac Cervantes-Sandoval, Diane K. O’Dowd, and Ronald L. Davis. "MiR-980 Is a Memory Suppressor MicroRNA that Regulates the Autism-Susceptibility Gene A2bp1." Cell Reports 14, no. 7 (February 2016): 1698–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.040.

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9

Hammock, Elizabeth A. D., and Pat Levitt. "Developmental Expression Mapping of a Gene Implicated in Multiple Neurodevelopmental Disorders, A2bp1 (Fox1)." Developmental Neuroscience 33, no. 1 (2011): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000323732.

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10

Chatterjee, A., S. Jana, and A. Bhattacharyya. "123P Stabilization of SDCBP oncoprotein and aiding breast cancer growth and metastasis: The role of A2BP1." Annals of Oncology 27 (December 2016): ix37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0923-7534(21)00282-9.

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11

Lee, J. A., Z. Z. Tang, and D. L. Black. "An inducible change in Fox-1/A2BP1 splicing modulates the alternative splicing of downstream neuronal target exons." Genes & Development 23, no. 19 (September 17, 2009): 2284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.1837009.

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12

Heit, John A., Sebastian M. Armasu, Martha E. Matsumoto, Tanya M. Petterson, David N. Rider, Julie M. Cunningham, Yan W. Asmann, and Mariza de Andrade. "Association of Gene-Environment Interactions with Venous Thromboembolism (VTE): A Merged/Imputed Genome-Wide Scan/Candidate-Gene Case-Control Study." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 2295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.2295.2295.

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Abstract Abstract 2295 Background: While interaction between Factor V Leiden and other VTE risk exposures compound VTE risk, whether other gene-environment interactions are associated with VTE is largely unknown. Objective: To test novel gene-environment interactions for an association with VTE. Methods: Genome-wide scan (Illumina 660Q [557,112 SNPs]) and candidate gene (12,551 SNPs in 764 genes within the anticoagulant, procoagulant, fibrinolytic and innate immunity pathways) genotypes from 1270 non-Hispanic adults of European ancestry with objectively-diagnosed VTE (cases; no cancer, venous catheter or antiphospholipid antibodies) and 1302 controls (frequency-matched on case age, gender, race, MI/stroke status) were merged and imputed to 2.5 million SNPs with MACH using HapMap Phase 2 (60 CEU). We tested pairwise interactions between these SNPS and each of 7 exposures (“stress” [defined as ever hospitalized, ever surgery, ever trauma, ever transfemoral procedure or ever leg paresis], ever surgery, ever neurosurgery, ever orthopedic surgery; and among women, ever pregnant, ≥3 pregnancies and ever oral contraceptives/hormone therapy), adjusted for age, gender, MI/stroke status and state of residence, using logistic regression. Results: The mean ± standard deviation case and control ages were 54.4 ± 16.2 and 55.6 ± 15.8 years, respectively and 51% were female. Among the 7 models, a significant interaction was found between stress and A2BP1 (rs735919, OR=0.2, p=2.8E-07), ever surgery and ABCG8 (rs6709904, OR=0.27, p=2.1E-07), orthopedic surgery and SLC24A3 (rs6081599, OR=0.53, p=2.8E-07), neurosurgery and TBC1D4 (rs17064485, OR=8.5, p=3.5E-07), every pregnant and MICALCL (rs11022321, OR=0.17, p=8.3E-07), >3 pregnancies and KLRB1 (rs2536929, OR=0.31, p=1.1E-07) and ever oral contraceptives/hormone therapy and LINGO2 (rs10969259, OR=2.02, p=4.9E-07). A2BP1 plays a role in RBC shape and size, ABCG8 is associated with severe hypercholesterolemia, SLC24A3 is important for intracellular calcium homeostasis, TBC1D4 participates in cell signaling in CD4+/CD45RO+ memory T-cells, MICALCL is an extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2-binding protein, KLRB1 regulates natural killer cell function, and LINGO2 encodes a leucine-rich repeat signaling protein. Our observed interaction of VTE risk factors with these genes to compound the risk of VTE requires replication in future studies. If confirmed, functional studies will be important to determine the roles of these gene products in the causal pathway to VTE. Conclusion: VTE risk factors and SNPs within several novel genes may interact to compound the risk of VTE. Disclosures: Heit: Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy, Honoraria.
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13

Bhalla, Kavita, Hilary A. Phillips, Joanna Crawford, Olivia L. D. McKenzie, John C. Mulley, Helen Eyre, Alison E. Gardner, Gabriel Kremmidiotis, and David F. Callen. "The de novo chromosome 16 translocations of two patients with abnormal phenotypes (mental retardation and epilepsy) disrupt the A2BP1 gene." Journal of Human Genetics 49, no. 6 (May 18, 2004): 308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10038-004-0145-4.

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14

Santos, Camila Alves dos, and Hugo Christiano Soares Melo. "A A GENÉTICA ASSOCIADA AOS TRANSTORNOS DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA." Conexão Ciência (Online) 13, no. 3 (October 10, 2018): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24862/cco.v13i3.756.

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Introdução: Transtornos do Espectro Autista (TEA) são desordens no desenvolvimento desde a infância precoce, com etiologia genética heterogênea, multifatorial e complexa de alta herdabilidade. Objetivo: A finalidade deste estudo foi reunir estudos que comprovem fatores genéticos determinantes e delimitar genes que possuam alterações específicas que diretamente favorecem a manifestação da sintomatologia dos TEA. Metodologia: A metodologia utilizada foi uma revisão de literatura. Resultados: Nossos resultados apontam o envolvimento significativo dos genes SHANK3, NLGN3, NLGN4, NRXN1, MDGA2, FHIT, HTR2A, SHANK2, GRIA3, ZNF778, PRKCα, CDH15, DIAPH3, GCH1, GRM5, MARK1, SLC17A6, IMMP2L, BZRAP1, SYNGAP1, ANK3, MAP1A, GABRR2, LAMC3, LRRC7, LRRIQ3, CADPS1, NUFIP, SEMA3A, SNAP29, MBD2, GAD2, DGKH, PARD3, PIK3CG, RELN, NRCAM, LAMB1, WNT2, FOXP2, GRM8, UBE2H, A2BP1, ATP10A, CADPS2, CNTN4, CNTNAP2, DLGAP2, EGR2, EN2, GABRB3, MET, SLC4A10, DISC1, NPTX2, PCDH9, AUTS2 e RBFOX1 nos TEA. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que indivíduos com TEA possuem uma gama de variação no número de cópias (CNVs) raras, menores que 10kb, em genes específicos, por penetração incompleta provenientes dos genitores ou mutações de novo modificadas no probando, que são detectadas pela técnica de hibridização genômica comparativa (array-CGH) utilizada no diagnóstico dos TEA. Palavras-chave: Autismo. Genética. Aconselhamento Genético. CNVs.
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15

Huang, Yen-Tsung, Rebecca S. Heist, Lucian R. Chirieac, Xihong Lin, Vidar Skaug, Shanbeh Zienolddiny, Aage Haugen, et al. "Genome-Wide Analysis of Survival in Early-Stage Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 16 (June 1, 2009): 2660–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.18.7906.

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Purpose Lung cancer, of which 85% is non–small-cell (NSCLC), is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. We used genome-wide analysis of tumor tissue to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in tumors are prognostic factors in early-stage NSCLC. Patients and Methods One hundred early-stage NSCLC patients from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) were used as a discovery set and 89 NSCLC patients collected by the National Institute of Occupational Health, Norway, were used as a validation set. DNA was extracted from flash-frozen lung tissue with at least 70% tumor cellularity. Genome-wide genotyping was done using the high-density SNP chip. Copy numbers were inferred using median smoothing after intensity normalization. Cox models were used to screen and validate significant SNPs associated with the overall survival. Results Copy number gains in chromosomes 3q, 5p, and 8q were observed in both MGH and Norwegian cohorts. The top 50 SNPs associated with overall survival in the MGH cohort (P ≤ 2.5 × 10−4) were selected and examined using the Norwegian cohort. Five of the top 50 SNPs were validated in the Norwegian cohort with false discovery rate lower than 0.05 (P < .016) and all five were located in known genes: STK39, PCDH7, A2BP1, and EYA2. The numbers of risk alleles of the five SNPs showed a cumulative effect on overall survival (Ptrend = 3.80 × 10−12 and 2.48 × 10−7 for MGH and Norwegian cohorts, respectively). Conclusion Five SNPs were identified that may be prognostic of overall survival in early-stage NSCLC.
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16

Hamshere, M. L., E. K. Green, I. R. Jones, L. Jones, V. Moskvina, G. Kirov, D. Grozeva, et al. "Genetic utility of broadly defined bipolar schizoaffective disorder as a diagnostic concept." British Journal of Psychiatry 195, no. 1 (July 2009): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.108.061424.

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BackgroundPsychiatric phenotypes are currently defined according to sets of descriptive criteria. Although many of these phenotypes are heritable, it would be useful to know whether any of the various diagnostic categories in current use identify cases that are particularly helpful for biological–genetic research.AimsTo use genome-wide genetic association data to explore the relative genetic utility of seven different descriptive operational diagnostic categories relevant to bipolar illness within a large UK case–control bipolar disorder sample.MethodWe analysed our previously published Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC) bipolar disorder genome-wide association data-set, comprising 1868 individuals with bipolar disorder and 2938 controls genotyped for 276 122 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that met stringent criteria for genotype quality. For each SNP we performed a test of association (bipolar disorder group v. control group) and used the number of associated independent SNPs statistically significant at P<0.00001 as a metric for the overall genetic signal in the sample. We next compared this metric with that obtained using each of seven diagnostic subsets of the group with bipolar disorder: Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC): bipolar I disorder; manic disorder; bipolar II disorder; schizoaffective disorder, bipolar type; DSM–IV: bipolar I disorder; bipolar II disorder; schizoaffective disorder, bipolar type.ResultsThe RDC schizoaffective disorder, bipolar type (v. controls) stood out from the other diagnostic subsets as having a significant excess of independent association signals (P<0.003) compared with that expected in samples of the same size selected randomly from the total bipolar disorder group data-set. The strongest association in this subset of participants with bipolar disorder was at rs4818065 (P = 2.42 × 10–7). Biological systems implicated included gamma amniobutyric acid (GABA)A receptors. Genes having at least one associated polymorphism at P<10–4 included B3GALTS, A2BP1, GABRB1, AUTS2, BSN, PTPRG, GIRK2 and CDH12.ConclusionsOur findings show that individuals with broadly defined bipolar schizoaffective features have either a particularly strong genetic contribution or that, as a group, are genetically more homogeneous than the other phenotypes tested. The results point to the importance of using diagnostic approaches that recognise this group of individuals. Our approach can be applied to similar data-sets for other psychiatric and non-psychiatric phenotypes.
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17

Ruffenach, Grégoire, Lejla Medzikovic, Laila Aryan, Min Li, and Mansoureh Eghbali. "HNRNPA2B1: RNA-Binding Protein That Orchestrates Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension." Circulation 146, no. 16 (October 18, 2022): 1243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.122.059591.

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Background: RNA-binding proteins are master orchestrators of gene expression regulation. They regulate hundreds of transcripts at once by recognizing specific motifs. Thus, characterizing RNA-binding proteins targets is critical to harvest their full therapeutic potential. However, such investigation has often been restricted to a few RNA-binding protein targets, limiting our understanding of their function. In cancer, the RNA-binding protein HNRNPA2B1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1; A2B1) promotes the pro-proliferative/anti-apoptotic phenotype. The same phenotype in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is responsible for the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, A2B1 function has never been investigated in PAH. Method: Through the integration of computational and experimental biology, the authors investigated the role of A2B1 in human PAH-PASMC. Bioinformatics and RNA sequencing allowed them to investigate the transcriptome-wide function of A2B1, and RNA immunoprecipitation and A2B1 silencing experiments allowed them to decipher the intricate molecular mechanism at play. In addition, they performed a preclinical trial in the monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension rat model to investigate the relevance of A2B1 inhibition in mitigating pulmonary hypertension severity. Results: They found that A2B1 expression and its nuclear localization are increased in human PAH-PASMC. Using bioinformatics, they identified 3 known motifs of A2B1 and all mRNAs carrying them. In PAH-PASMC, they demonstrated the complementary nonredundant function of A2B1 motifs because all motifs are implicated in different aspects of the cell cycle. In addition, they showed that in PAH-PASMC, A2B1 promotes the expression of its targets. A2B1 silencing in PAH-PASMC led to a decrease of all tested mRNAs carrying an A2B1 motif and a concomitant decrease in proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. Last, in vivo A2B1 inhibition in the lungs rescued pulmonary hypertension in rats. Conclusions: Through the integration of computational and experimental biology, the study revealed the role of A2B1 as a master orchestrator of the PAH-PASMC phenotype and its relevance as a therapeutic target in PAH.
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18

Meng, Meiyao, Yuxiang Cao, Yankang Zhang, Shuang Liu, Yinzhao Zhong, Dongmei Wang, Dali Li, Lingyan Xu, and Xinran Ma. "HnRNPA2B1 Aggravates Inflammation by Promoting M1 Macrophage Polarization." Nutrients 15, no. 7 (March 23, 2023): 1555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15071555.

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Macrophages have critical contributions to both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, for example, bowel disease and obesity, respectively. However, little is known about the post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in macrophage-mediated inflammatory diseases. hnRNPA2B1 (A2B1) is an RNA binding protein for mRNA fate determination. We showed that hnRNPA2B1 mRNA levels were increased in colon in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice and in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and spleen of high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Consistently, mice with haploinsufficiency of A2B1 (A2B1 HET) are protected against DSS-induced acute colitis and HFD-induced obesity, with decreased M1 macrophages polarization in colon, eWAT and spleen. Mechanistically, A2B1 mRNA and protein levels were increased in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, and A2B1 enhanced RNA stability of pro-inflammatory genes Tnfα, Il-6 and Il-1β for the regulation of macrophages polarization. Interestingly, A2B1 HET mice exhibited reduced white fat expansion, which was influenced by macrophages, since conditioned medium from macrophages with A2B1 manipulation significantly changed preadipocyte proliferation. Our data demonstrate that A2B1 plays a vital role in macrophage-mediated inflammation via regulating mRNA stability, suggesting that A2B1 may be served as a promising target for the intervention of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.
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19

Radtke, Ina, Charles G. Mullighan, Masami Ishii, Jing Ma, Xiaoping Su, Salil Goorha, Ramapriya Ganti, et al. "High-Resolution Genome-Wide Profiling of DNA Copy Number Abnormalities and Gene Resequencing in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.103.103.

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Abstract To define the complement of genetic lesions in pediatric AML, we performed high resolution genome-wide analysis on bone marrow blasts from 111 cases using Affymetrix 100K and 500K SNP microarrays and genomic resequencing. Cases included t(8;21) (N=20), inv(16) (N=16), t(15;17) (N=7), MLL rearranged (N=16), FAB-M7 (N=9), miscellaneous cytogenetic abnormalities (N=24) and normal karyotype (N=19). Germline DNA was available for 67 of the cases. The mean number of somatic copy number abnormalities (CNA) was 2.38 (range 0–45) with 1.32 gains (range 0–41) and 1.06 losses (range 0–12). Focal CNAs were detected at the breakpoints of known chromosomal translocations, most commonly in inv(16) cases (7/16) and t(8;21) cases (4/20). Based on this observation, we examined focal CNAs that affected the 5’ or 3’ regions of genes for their possible involvement in cryptic translocations. CNAs involving NUP98 and MLL led to the identification of two cases with t(5;11)[NUP98-NSD1], and two with t(6;11)[MLL-MLLT4] not evident on cytogenetic analysis. RT-PCR for these fusions identified two additional NUP98-NSD1 cases. Identification of focal CNAs are thus useful in identifying clinically significant translocations in AML. Other recurring somatic CNAs were uncommon. Twelve regions containing a single gene were identified, including amplification of EBF, PRDM5, CCDC26*, GDF10, ABCC4*, and deletion of FAM20C*, TUSC1, GPC5, A2BP1, INSR, BCOR* (* involved in N>2 cases). The most frequent abnormality was amplification of CCDC26 at 8q24.21 (N=15; focal in 4 cases, broad in 11) which encodes a putative mediator of retinoic acid receptor signaling. The focal amplifications are predicted to abolish expression of normal transcripts. Seventeen additional recurring CNAs involving 2 to 25 genes were identified, many of which contain known or putative tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes, including deletions of regions at 7q36, 9p21 (CDKN2A/B), 11p14-p12 (WT1, WIT1), and amplification at 19p13 (JUNB, LYL1). These regions showed significant correlation between copy number and local gene expression in an integrated analysis of CNA and Affymetrix U133A gene expression data. Copy-neutral LOH was uncommon and recurrent only with LOH of chromosome 13 in 3 cases. Sequence analysis has been completed for several genes involved in recurring CNAs (CCDC26, TUSC1, FBXW7) and for genes known to be mutated in AML (N/KRAS, PTPN11, BRAF, SOS1, FLT3, CEPBA, NPM1, AML1, CKIT, GATA1). No mutations were identified in CCDC26, TUSC1, FBXW7, BRAF, or SOS1. Marked differences in the combination of CNA and sequence mutation were identified across the different genetic subtypes of AML. FAB M7 cases had the highest frequency of CNA (mean 9.3 lesions/case) but had sequence mutations limited to GATA1. Mutations of FLT3, CEPBA and NPM1 were most frequent in cases with no or miscellaneous cytogenetic abnormalities, where as RAS mutations were most frequent in t(8;21) and inv(16) cases. Importantly, approximately 30% of the cases with recurring translocations had no other sequence or numerical abnormalities. These data demonstrated that, in contrast to pediatric ALL, AML is characterized by relatively few recurring CNAs, and that spectrum of CNA and sequence mutation is significantly associated with disease subtype.
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20

Emsley, J., G. Knight, and R. Farndale. "Structure of the integrin a2b1 binding collagen peptide." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 60, a1 (August 26, 2004): s164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s010876730409676x.

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21

Klinge, Carolyn M., Belinda J. Petri, and Kellianne M. Piell. "Epitranscriptomic Reader HNRNPA2B1 Confers Endocrine Resistance to Breast Cancer Cells." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A807—A808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1643.

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Abstract Despite new combination therapies improving survival of breast cancer patients with estrogen receptor α (ER+) tumors, the molecular mechanisms for endocrine-resistant metastatic disease remain unresolved. HNRNPA2B1 (Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A2/B1), an RNA binding protein that functions as reader of the N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) mark in transcribed RNA, is upregualted in tamoxifen- and fulvestrant-resistant, estrogen receptor (ERα)+ LCC9 and LY2 cells derived from MCF-7 endocrine-sensitive luminal A breast cancer cells (1). The miRNA-seq transcriptome of MCF-7 cells transiently overexpressing HNRNPA2B1 (A2B1) identified gene ontology (GO) pathways including “cellular response to steroid hormone signaling and estradiol” and “positive regulation of protein ser/thr kinase activity”. Modest (~ 4.5-fold) stable HNRNPA2B1 overexpression in MCF-7 cells (MCF-7-A2B1) results in ablation of growth inhibition by 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) and fulvestrant. This was not due to loss or decrease of ERα; in fact, ERα was increased. Conversely, transient knockdown of HNRNPA2B1 in LCC9 and LY2 cells sensitized the cells to growth inhibition by 4-OHT and fulvestrant while reducing ERα. MCF-7-A2B1 cells showed increased migration, invasion, clonogenicity, soft agar colony size, and markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Like LCC9 cells, MCF-7-A2B1 cells showed activation of AKT and MAPK and high androgen receptor (AR). Treatment of MCF-7-A2B1 cells with either PI3K inhibitor Wortmannin or MEK inhibitor PD98059 inhibited soft agar colony formation and reduced colony size. Knockdown of HNRNPA2B1 in MCF-7-A2B1 reduces clonogenicity, but had no effect on the clonogenicity of either LCC9 or LY2 cells. These data suggest a role for HNRNPA2B1 in promoting the initiation of acquired endocrine-resistance by activating ser/thr kinase growth factor signaling pathways. Selective inhibition of HNRNPA2B1 may be a target to prevent acquistion of endocrine therapy resistance, but not treat established metastatic disease. Reference: (1) Klinge CM, Piell KM, Tooley CS, Rouchka EC. HNRNPA2/B1 is upregulated in endocrine-resistant LCC9 breast cancer cells and alters the miRNA transcriptome when overexpressed in MCF-7 cells. Scientific reports 2019; 9:9430
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Noor, Muhammad Juriyan, Violet Violet, and Noor Mirad Sari. "PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH DARI CAMPURAN KULIT KAYU GALAM, TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT, SEKAM PADI DAN PUPUK ORGANIK MENJADI POT ORGANIK." Jurnal Sylva Scienteae 6, no. 2 (April 30, 2023): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jss.v6i2.8540.

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This study to analyze the physical properties (moisture content and density) and mechanical properties (Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rupture) of organic pots from a mixture of Galam bark waste, empty bunches of oil palm, rice husks and organic fertilizers with and without adhesives. This study used a completely randomized factorial design with the standard SNI 03-2105-2006. The quality of organic pots, the physical properties of water content, only treatment A1B1 met the standard with a water content of 13.36%, while for treatment A1B2 (18.58%), A2B1 (14.16%), A2B2 (18.71%), A3B1 (15.89%) and A3B2 (21.96%) did not meet the standard with a maximum score of 14%. The density values obtained were for A1B1 (0.36 g/cm3), A1B2 (0.39 g/cm3), A2B1 (0.35 g/cm3), A2B2 (0.37 g/cm3), A3B1 (0.33 g/cm3), and A3B2 (0.36 g/cm3) did not meet the standard with a value of 0.4 to 0.9 g/cm3. The mechanical properties of fracture toughness (MoR) values obtained in the treatments A1B1 (0.14 kgf/cm2), A1B2 (5.96 kgf/cm2), A2B1 (0.31 kgf/cm2), A2B2 (8.30 kgf/cm2), A3B1 (0.62 kgf/cm2), and A3B2 (11.90 kgf/cm2) did not meet the standard of 82 kgf/cm2. The value of flexural strength (MoE) obtained in the treatments A1B1 (24.10 kgf/cm2), A1B2 (194.94 kgf/cm2), A2B1 (35.07 kgf/cm2), A2B2 (231.70 kgf/cm2), A3B1 (54.59 kgf/cm2), and A3B2 (273.03 kgf/cm2) do not meet the standard of 20,400 kgf/cm2.Tujuan Penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis sifat fisika (kadar air dan kerapatan) dan sifat mekanika (Modulus of Elasticity dan Modulus of Rupture) pot organik dari campuran limbah kulit kayu Galam, tandan kosong Kelapa Sawit, sekam padi dan pupuk organik dengan pemberian perekat dan tanpa perekat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan standar SNI 03-2105-2006. Kualitas pot organik sifat fisika kadar air hanya perlakuan A1B1 yang memenuhi standar dengan kadar air sebesar 13,36%, Sedangkan untuk perlakuan A1B2 (18,58%), A2B1 (14,16%), A2B2 (18,71%), A3B1 (15,89%) dan A3B2 (21,96%) tidak memenuhi standar dengan nilai maksimal sebesar 14%. Nilai kerapatan yang didapatkan untuk A1B1 (0,36 g/cm3), A1B2 (0,39 g/cm3), A2B1 (0,35 g/cm3), A2B2 (0,37 g/cm3), A3B1 (0,33 g/cm3), dan A3B2 (0,36 g/cm3) tidak memenuhi standar dengan nilai 0,4 sampai 0,9 g/cm3. Sifat mekanika keteguhan patah (MoR) nilai yang didapatkan pada perlakuan A1B1 (0,14 kgf/cm2), A1B2 (5,96 kgf/cm2), A2B1 (0,31 kgf/cm2), A2B2 (8,30 kgf/cm2), A3B1 (0,62 kgf/cm2), dan A3B2 (11,90 kgf/cm2) tidak memenuhi standar sebesar 82 kgf/cm2. Nilai keteguhan lentur (MoE) yang didapatkan pada perlakuan A1B1 (24,10 kgf/cm2), A1B2 (194,94 kgf/cm2), A2B1 (35,07 kgf/cm2), A2B2 (231,70 kgf/cm2), A3B1 (54,59 kgf/cm2), dan A3B2 (273,03 kgf/cm2) tidak memenuhi standar sebesar 20.400 kgf/cm2.
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Nao, Naganori, Miwako Saikusa, Ko Sato, Tsuyoshi Sekizuka, Shuzo Usuku, Nobuko Tanaka, Hidekazu Nishimura, and Makoto Takeda. "Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b Strains." Microorganisms 8, no. 9 (August 21, 2020): 1280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091280.

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Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major etiological agent of acute respiratory infections in humans. HMPV has been circulating worldwide for more than six decades and is currently divided into five agreed-upon subtypes: A1, A2a, A2b, B1, and B2. Recently, the novel HMPV subtypes A2c, A2b1, and A2b2 have been proposed. However, the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships between these recently proposed HMPV subtypes are unclear. Here, we report a genome-wide phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of 161 HMPV strains, including unique HMPV subtype A2b strains with a 180- or 111-nucleotide duplication in the G gene (nt-dup). Our data demonstrate that the HMPV A2b subtype contains two distinct subtypes, A2b1 and A2b2, and that the HMPV subtypes A2c and A2b2 may be different names for the same subtype. HMPV A2b strains with a nt-dup also belong to subtype A2b2. Molecular evolutionary analyses indicate that subtypes A2b1 and A2b2 diverged from subtype A2b around a decade after the subtype A2 was divided into the subtypes A2a and A2b. These data support the A2b1 and A2b2 subtypes proposed in 2012 and are essential for the unified classification of HMPV subtype A2 strains, which is important for future HMPV surveillance and epidemiological studies.
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Xu, Huangru, Ping Li, Xiaoyang Wang, Hongqin Zhuang, and Zi-Chun Hua. "Emerging roles of hnRNP A2B1 in cancer and inflammation." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 221 (November 2022): 1077–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.104.

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25

Kunicki, Thomas J., Daniel Diaz, Shirley A. Williams, Richard W. Farndale, and Diane J. Nugent. "The Integrin α2 Dimorphism E534K Modulates Platelet Binding to Decorin but Not Collagen I,." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 3256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.3256.3256.

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Abstract Abstract 3256 Background. Integrin a2b1-mediated adhesion to collagens supports cellular attachment, while decorin binding by a2b1 often attenuates adhesion. Collagen I binds to the a2 I-domain via the triple-helical sequence GFOGER, but the decorin binding site is not within the a2 I-domain and has not yet been identified. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the a2 gene ITGA2 (rs1801106) (G1600A) resulting in the amino acid substitution glutamate-534 to lysine-534 (E534K) is the basis for one of the most important human platelet alloantigen (HPA) systems, HPA-5, yet HPA-5 alleles do not influence the binding of a2b1 to collagen I, and the effect of HPA-5 on platelet function, if any, has not been determined. We sought to determine whether the minor allele HPA-5b (534K) might influence the a2b1-mediated adhesion of platelets to a physiologically relevant ligand other than collagen I. One such alternative ligand is decorin, an extracellular matrix small leucine (Leu)-rich proteoglycan (SLRP). Methods/Results. Two groups of normal subjects were compared. The first group (GG) consisted of ten donors homozygous for the major allele rs1801106G. The second group (GA+AA) included one donor homozygous for the minor allele rs1801106A and nine donors heterozygous for these alleles. Aside from this, there were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to platelet count, mean platelet volume, surface expression of four selected platelet receptors, GPIba, GPVI, aIIbb3 or a2b1, or the allelic distribution of five receptor genes, ITGA2B rs5911, ITGB3 rs5918, GP1BA rs6065, GP6 rs1613662 and P2RY1 rs1065776. In direct platelet adhesion assays, we determined that platelets from GG donors bound more strongly to decorin than those from GA+AA donors (p < 0.01), while platelets from either group bound equally well to collagen I (p = 0.73). Using platelets from donors homozygous for the major allele rs1801106G, adhesion to decorin was significantly inhibited by human alloantibodies specific for HPA-5a but not by GFOGER or an a2-specific monoclonal antibody 6F1 known to inhibit cell adhesion to collagen I. Conversely, GFOGER and 6F1 inhibited adhesion to collagen I but not decorin. Conclusions. The simplest explanation of our findings is that 534E, located in the a2 b-propeller domain, is necessary for maximal binding of a2b1 to decorin but not collagen I. These results suggest that 534E contributes to the decorin binding site and that this amino acid represents a potential target for interventions that can modify cell adhesion to decorin and perhaps other proteoglycans. This also represents the first instance of a functional difference attributable to the HPA-5 alleles. These results expand our understanding of the decorin and collagen I interactions described in murine and human studies of cell adhesion and cancer biology, where decorin and collagen I often have opposite effects that are both mediated by a2b1. Decorin knockout (Dcn(−/−)) murine embryonic fibroblasts exhibit greater adhesion to collagen and greater migration on collagen substrates, while decorin attenuates the aggressiveness and metastasis of tumor cells with diverse histologic backgrounds. Further studies of the relationship between the collagen I and decorin binding sites on integrin a2 are warranted, particularly regarding its influence on thrombosis and hemostasis. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Syaifullah, Syaifullah, Aryani Rahmawati, Kurniawati Kurniawati, and Ni Kadek Puji Astuti. "PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN BERAT DAN TIGA MEDIA YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP LAJU PERTUMBUHAN INFUSORIA (PARAMECIUM SP) SEBAGAI PAKAN ALAMI LARVA IKAN." Al-Aqlu: Jurnal Matematika, Teknik dan Sains 1, no. 2 (July 10, 2023): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.59896/aqlu.v1i2.22.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different weights and media on the growth rate of Infusoria (Paramecium sp). The method used in this study is an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD). The results of the Variety Sidik Analysis (ANASRA) showed that the growth of Infusoria (Paramecium sp) in each treatment was significantly and very significantly different (Significant) where F count > F table 5% (5.795 > 3.68) and (8.765 > 3.68 ), means that the growth rate of Infusoria (Paramecium sp) is different in each treatment or experiment. The highest cell division was on day V (five) with 5,160 cell divisions and an average of 1,720 cells in the A2B1 treatment and the lowest division occurred on day IX (nine), namely 40 cells with an average of 13.4 cells in treatment A1B3. Further test results using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test showed a significant (significant) difference in the A2B1 and A2B3 treatments (3,563 > 2,940.452), whereas in the A2B1 and A2B2 treatments (2,563,333 < 2,940,452), A2B2 with A2B3 (1000 < 2940.452), A1B1 with A1B2 (2320 < 2940.452), A1B1 with A1B3 (2780 < 2940.452) and A1B2 with A1B3 (460 < 2940.452) this shows no significant difference (non significant
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Kunicki, Thomas J., Shirley A. Williams, Diane J. Nugent, and Mark J. Yeager. "Mean Platelet Volume and Integrin Alleles Strongly Correlate with Increased Levels of Integrins αIIbβ3 and α2β1: Clinical Implications for Platelet Reactivity in Acute Coronary Syndome." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.32.32.

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Abstract Abstract 32 Background - Differences in the level of integrins expressed on the surface membranes of platelets can have a significant effect on platelet reactivity and adverse outcomes in a variety of thrombotic and hematologic dyscrasias. Among normal individuals, the basal level of platelet integrin aIIbb3 varies at least two-fold, while that of the integrin a2b1 exhibits a greater range of variation. The total number of integrin molecules and other receptors on platelets is influenced to a large extent by the total surface area of plasma membrane and consequently the mean platelet volume (MPV), which itself has a very strong genetic component. We sought to determine the relative contribution of mean platelet volume (MPV) and integrin gene alleles to expression levels of these integrins in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and normal subjects. Methods and Results - Monoclonal antibodies AP2 and 8C12 (or 12F1) were used in flow cytometry to measure platelet aIIbb3 and a2b1, respectively, in whole blood from 341 patients with ACS and 128 normal subjects. Comparisons were made with MPV, platelet count (PC) and in the normal subjects ITGA2 rs1126643 and ITGB3 rs5918 alleles. In both ACS patients and controls, there was a strong direct correlation between MPV and aIIbb3 level (p < 0.001). In control subjects, MPV and aIIbb3 level did not correlate with ITGB3 rs5918 alleles. For a2b1, MPV contributed modestly in either patients or controls, while ITGA2 rs1126643 alleles exerted the greatest effect. Moreover, we observed an inverse correlation between MPV and the rs1126643 minor allele. Conclusions - Our results indicate that MPV is the major effector of platelet membrane levels of aIIbb3, in both ACS patients and normal subjects, while ITGA2 rs1126643 contributes most strongly to a2b1 levels. Hyperactivity of larger platelets results from increased levels of key platelet receptors, notably integrin aIIbb3, in support of the contention that MPV is an accurate marker of risk for adverse outcome in ACS. This is consistent with published findings that MPV, the most common metric of platelet size, correlates very well with platelet reactivity, such that larger platelets have greater prothombotic potential, and elevated MPV is associated with increased platelet aggregation, thromboxane synthesis, b-thromboglobulin release, and expression of adhesion molecules. The most intriguing finding of our study is the inverse association of the ITGA2 rs1126643 minor allele T with MPV. The rs1126643 minor allele likely exerts this effect via the documented influence of a2b1 on megakaryocyte (MK) maturation. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Usquiza Cruz, Buenaventura, Meregildo Silva Ramírez, and Segundo Víctor Olivares Muñoz. "Rendimiento de una bomba hidráulica prototipo a diferente diámetro de tubería y singularidades." Revista Científica UNTRM: Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería 5, no. 1 (November 10, 2022): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25127/ucni.v5i1.887.

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<p>La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el rendimiento de una bomba hidráulica prototipo a diferente diámetro de tubería y singularidades; para ello se diseñó un experimento bifactorial 3<sup>2</sup>, donde el factor A, fue el diámetro de tubería y el factor B, la cantidad de singularidades. Se diseñó y construyó una bomba de pistón con transmisión por cadena accionada con una rueda hidráulica. La instalación y pruebas se llevó acabo en la rivera del rio Utcubamba. Los resultados de los tratamientos A1B1, A2B1 y A3B1 tuvieron mayor generación de caudal, determinándose que el tratamiento A2B1 tiene mayor rendimiento con 15 lt/min, altura de 5m, tubería de ¾ “de diámetro, con singularidades de codo y válvula chep.</p>
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29

Inayah, Shofia Nur, Wa Nurul Mutmainah Jainudin Heremba, Yordan Samloy, and Prelly M. J. Tuapattinaya. "UJI ORGANOLEPTIK ENHALUS TEA BERDASARKAN CARA PENGERINGAN DAN TINGKAT KETUAAN DAUN SECARA MORFOLOGI." Science Map Journal 1, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/jmsvol1issue2pp65-72.

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Provinsi Maluku adalah salah satu wilayah kepulauan di Indonesia dengan luas perairan yang dominan sekitar 90 %. Salah satu wilayah di Maluku, yaitu di Desa Suli yang memiliki hamparan lamun yang cukup luas, meliputi lamun Enhalus acoroides dan Thalassia hemprichii. Berdasarkan kelimpahan lamun di wilayah tersebut maka dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi suatu inovasi baru yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat, seperti diolah menjadi produk teh yang bermanfaat. Pembuatan teh tidak lepas dari proses pengeringan. Pengeringan daun teh dengan diangin-anginkan dan menggunakan oven. Kualitas teh dipengaruhi juga oleh ketuaan daun dan metode pengolahannya. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu untuk mengetahui karakteristik sifat hedonik dan sensori yang meliputi rasa, warna dan aroma Enhalus Tea sebagai pangan alternatif masyarakat pesisir. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, Pengambilan sampel daun lamun di perairan Desa Suli, pembuatan teh daun lamun (Enhalus Tea) dan pengujian sifat hedonik dan sifat sensori dilaksanakan di Laboratorium. Hasil pengujian hedonik aroma, panelis menyukai Enhalus Tea formula A1B1 (daun muda-dianginkan), formula A3B1 (daun tua-dianginkan), formula A1B2 (daun muda-oven) dan formula A2B2 (daun setengah tua-oven), sedangkan pada Enhalus Tea formula A2B1 (daun setengah tua-dianginkan) dan formula A3B2 (daun tua-oven) panelis kurang suka dengan aroma teh tersebut. Berdasarkan analisis data pada uji deskripsi sensori aroma kuat dimiliki oleh sampel A2B1 (daun setengah tua-dianginkan). Penilaian warna pada semua sampel rerata berada di tingkat 1 yaitu hijau kekuningan, sedangkan penilaian rasa terkuat pada sampel A2B1 (daun setengah tua-dianginkan).
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Chabel, José Carlos, Valter Joost van Onselen, Maria Da Graça Morais, Ibrahim Miranda Cortada Neto, and Bruno Pinheiro Tedeschi. "Efeito de um complexo homeopático"Homeobase Convert H®" em ovinos sob condições de restrição alimentar." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science 46, no. 5 (October 1, 2009): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2009.26792.

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Avaliou-se o efeito de um complexo homeopático em ovinos distribuídos em quatro grupos: sem homeopatia e com restrição alimentar (A1B2); com homeopatia e com restrição alimentar (A2B2); com homeopatia e sem restrição alimentar (A2B1) e sem homeopatia e sem restrição alimentar (A1B1). Com 30 dias de restrição alimentar o grupo A2B2 apresentou nível sérico de cortisol semelhante (p>0,05) aos dos grupos A2B1 e A1B1, o que se observou no grupo A1B2 somente com 75 dias. Aos 15 dias após primovacinação todos os grupos possuíam anticorpos acima do nível mínimo de proteção de 0,5UI/mL. As concentrações médias de anticorpos atingiram níveis abaixo do mínimo de proteção aos 30 dias em alguns animais de todos os grupos e, somente o grupo A2B2 manteve a média acima deste nível durante os 90 dias de avaliação. O indicativo de diferença (p=0,054) entre a média da titulação de anticorpos do grupo A2B2 e os demais grupos, seis dias pós-vacinação, sugere que a proteção neste grupo ocorreu em menor tempo do que nos demais grupos. Os modelos de regressão estimam concentrações séricas de anticorpos maiores para os grupos A2B1 e A2B2, em relação aos grupos A1B2 e A1B1, obtendo-se, aos 15; 30 e 45 dias pós-vacinação, indicativos de diferenças entre as suas médias (p=0,067; p=0,091 e p<0,05 respectivamente). Conclui-se que complexo homeopático, ministrado a ovinos sob restrição alimentar, possui efeito sobre o estresse, reduzindo a concentração sérica de cortisol e promovendo uma maior concentração sérica de anticorpos.
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31

Darity, William A., Robert W. Tuthill, Alvin E. Winder, George P. Cernada, Ted T. L. Chen, David R. Buchanan, Edward Stanek, and Harris Pastides. "A Multi-City Community Based Smoking Research Intervention Project in the African-American Population." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 17, no. 2 (July 1997): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/cexy-wg7c-gl3e-a2bp.

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Objective: To carry out a community-based research approach to determine the most effective educational interventions to reduce smoking among African-American smokers. The intervention included preparation of the community, planning and developing a model of change, and developing a community-based intervention. The study population consisted of 2,544 randomly selected adult African-American smokers residing in four sites in the northeastern and southeastern parts of the United States. The research design provided a comparison of active intervention sites with passive control sites as well as low income and moderate income areas. Major Outcome Measures: Point prevalence of non-smoking at the time of interview; Period prevalence of non-smoking at the time of interview; Period prevalence of quit attempts in the prior six months; Number of smoke-free days in the prior six months; Number of cigarettes smoked daily at the time of interview. Results: Based upon a survey eighteen months after baseline data was collected, all four measures of cigarette smoking behavior showed a strong statistically significant reduction of personal smoking behavior among those receiving active interventions versus the passive group. On the basis of process variable analysis, direct contact with the project staff in the prior six months was significantly higher in the active intervention areas. There was only a small non-significant increase in personal smoking behavior in moderate income groups as opposed to low income groups. Conclusion: An analysis of process variables strongly suggests that, within this African-American Community, “hands on” or “face to face” approaches along with mass media, mailings, and other less personal approaches were more effective in reducing personal smoking behavior than media, mailings, and other impersonal approaches alone addressed to large audiences.
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32

Jansma, Kimberly. "Conjugaison progressive du français: A2B1 Intermédiaire by Michèle Boularès et Odile Grand-Clément." French Review 96, no. 1 (October 2022): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tfr.2022.0153.

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33

Harliawan, Muhammad, Maria Herlinda Dos Santos, and Ardo Okilanda. "Pengaruh Metode Latihan dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Kemampuan Lay Up Shoot Permainan Bola Basket Ekstakulikuler Siswa SMP N 1 Watampone." Jurnal MensSana 6, no. 1 (May 28, 2021): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/menssana.06012021.21.

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The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the methods section training and methods overall training motivation achievement shoot lay-up skills in the game of basketball The research is conducted at extracurricular student SMP 4 Watampone ,This study is using treatment by level 2 x 2. The samples are consisted of 40 student. The technique of data analysis is two ways analysis of variance (ANAVA) and followed by Tuckey's test for significance level of α = 0, 05. The results of this study show that (1) score for method training section (A1) is higher than the method of overall training (A2) at extracurricular student SMPN 1 Watampone ; (2) there is an interaction between practice methods (A) and training motivation (B) shoot lay-up skills in the game of basketball; (3) score of high method section training (A1B1) is higher than score of high method overall training (A2B1); 4) score of low method section training (A1B2) is lower than score of low method overall training (A2B1)
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Cahyana, Budi Tri. "PAPAN PARTIKEL DARI CAMPURAN LIMBAH ROTAN DAN PENYULINGAN KULIT KAYU GEMOR (Alseodaphne spp)." Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan 6, no. 1 (July 1, 2014): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24111/jrihh.v6i1.1224.

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Utilization of rattan waste and gemor bark (Alseodaphne spp) distillation for particle board had been carried out. The aim of this research was to know physical mechanical particle board from rattan waste mixed with gemor bark distillation. The raw materials used were cut-rattan waste of 2 cm and gemor bark distillation mashed in 16 mesh. The adhesive used were starch and PVAC. Composition variety of the mixture of rattan waste and gemor bark distillation particle were 50%: 50%, 60%: 40%, 70%: 30% and 5% adhesive. The results showed that highest average of modulus of rupture (26,62 kg/cm2) was obtained in 60% : 40% comparison of rattan waste and gemor bark distillation with starch adhesive (a2b1) and the density was 0.75 gr/cm3. The highest average of modulus of elasticity (633,76 kg/cm2) was in composition of 60%: 40% with PVAc adhesive (a2b2) and the density was 0,71 gr/cm3. The highest average of tensile strength (3,15 kg/cm2) was obtained in composition of 60%: 40% with starch adhesive (a2b1) and the density was 0.75 gr/cm3.Keywords: rattan waste, gemor bark distillation, particle board
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35

Fernández Paredes, Manuel Enrique, Gabriela Beatriz Arias Palma, and María Eulalia Taco Sánchez. "Aplicación de un recubrimiento comestible a base de mucílago de nopal para la conservación de guayaba." Sinergia Académica 6, no. 2 (April 27, 2023): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.51736/sa.v6i2.132.

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Los consumidores orientan su interés hacia productos naturales, sanos, nutritivos, saludables. Esto ha motivado al desarrollo investigaciones y recubrimientos comestibles aplicados a productos hortofrutícolas, como una alternativa para cubrir estas necesidades. La finalidad de esta investigación es demostrar que la utilización de recubrimientos comestibles ayuda a la conservación y calidad de la guayaba. Para cumplir con el objetivo planteado se evaluaron seis tratamientos con un control, tres formulaciones de mucílago de nopal más aceite esencial de tomillo (100% mucílago, 99.5% mucílago + 0.5% aceite esencial, 99% de mucílago + 1 % de aceite esencial), a dos tiempos de inmersión (60 y 30 S). Las variables consideradas fueron acidez titulable, pH, sólidos solubles, pérdida de peso, y la determinación de la presencia de microorganismos. El mejor tratamiento fue a2b1 (99% mucílago + 1% aceite esencial de tomillo), debido a que conservó la mayor cantidad de propiedades del fruto durante el experimento. La variable respuesta considerada de gran significancia es el peso, que se registró diariamente durante 10 días, en este parámetro físico el mejor tratamiento fue a2b1 (99.5% de mucílago + 1 % de aceite esencial de tomillo) por 30 segundos.
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Biczysko, Malgorzata, Julien Bloino, and Vincenzo Barone. "First principle simulation of vibrationally resolved A2B1←X˜2A1 electronic transition of phenyl radical." Chemical Physics Letters 471, no. 1-3 (March 2009): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2009.01.082.

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37

Underwood, Cameron C. L., J. David Carey, and S. Ravi P. Silva. "Influence of A site cation on nonlinear band gap dependence of 2D Ruddlesden–Popper A2Pb1−xSnxI4 perovskites." Materials Advances 2, no. 15 (2021): 5254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ma00491c.

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Ruddlesden–Popper phase (RPP) perovskites of the form A1n−1A22BnX3n+1 show great promise in stable photovoltaic (PV) devices or as light emitting diodes (LEDs), by allowing for the mixing of 2D materials and tuning of the band gap over a large energy range.
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Park, Jisang, Chung-Hyeon Choe, Ju Kim, Jing Shian Yang, Jin Hyun Kim, Hyonseok Jang, and Yong-Suk Jang. "Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A2B1 Exerts a Regulatory Role in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated 38B9 B Cell Activation." Immune Network 17, no. 6 (2017): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2017.17.6.437.

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39

Staikova, M., M. Peric, and B. Engels. "Ab Initio Investigation of the Hyperfine Structure in the 12Πu(X2A1, A2B1) System of BH2." Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy 163, no. 1 (January 1994): 221–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.1994.1019.

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40

Asmaq, Nur, and Fachrina Wibowo. "THE EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION AND DURATION OF SOAKING ONION EXTRACT OF BATAK (ALLIUM CHINENSE G. DON) ON THE QUALITY OF LAMB MEAT." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 06 (June 30, 2022): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14892.

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This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of Batak onion extract (A. chinense G. Don) and storage time on the quality, quality and concentration of the best Batak onion extract in lamb. The samples used in this study were Batak onions (A. chinense G. Don) and lamb. This study used an experimental method with a factorial completely randomized design with a 4 x 4 x 2 pattern. Factor A was the concentration of Batak onion extract (BOE), namely A0: without treatment, A1: 10%, A2: 20% and A3: 30%, while factor B is the length of immersion, namely B0: 0 hours, B1: 1 hour, B2: 2 hours and B3: 3 hours. Parameters observed in this study were water content, pH value, cooking loss and total bacterial colonies of lamb. The results obtained in this study showed that the analysis of variance for each variable was very significantly different (P<0.01) so it was continued using the Duncan Multiple Ranges Test (DMRT) further test. Further test results showed a significant interaction (P<0.05) between Batak onion extract and soaking time on the observed parameters. The best values ​​of water content, pH and total colony were in treatment A2B1 with a value of 76.92%, 6.9 and A2B1 6 x 103 CFU/g, while the best cooking loss value was in treatment A3B2 with a value of 48.4%.
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41

Cahyana, Budi Tri. "SIFAT FISIK MEKANIK PAPAN PARTIKEL TANPA PEREKAT DARI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis Guineensis acq)." Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan 6, no. 1 (July 1, 2014): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24111/jrihh.v6i1.1221.

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This research aimed to get the physical and mechanical properties of non adhesive-particle board from oil palm empty fruit bunches. The oil palm empty fruit bunches were degradated to fibre and boiled in boiling water during 60 minute then dried in ± 2 weeks. The dried raw material was chopped to be fibre in 5 mesh, 10 mesh, and 16 mesh. It were complied into a mold and then hot pressed in 35 kgf/cm2 pressure during 10 minute with 3 of temperature variety, 160°C, 180°C and 200°C. The result showed that the average of particle board water content was 7,11 - 9,85 % and the density was 0,63 – 0,76 gr/cm3. The highest thickness swelling was 22,59 % in 10 mesh and 160 0C (a2b1) temperature of oil palm empty fruit bunches. The modulus of rupture was 211,67 kg/cm2 in 10 mesh and 180 0C (a2b2) temperature. The modulus of elasticity was 490,85 kg/cm2 in 10 mesh and 160 0C (a2b1) temperature. The tensile strength was 7,49 kg/cm2 in 5 mesh and 200 0C (a1b3) temperature. The average of physical and mechanical properties such as water content, density, modulus of rupture, tensile strength were fulfill the SNI requirement, while the average of thickness swelling and modulus of elasticity were not fulfill the SNI requirement.Keywords: oil palm empty fruit bunches, particle board
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42

Diniz, Nayara Fátima Lazameth, Rossicléa Gonzaga da Silva, Luciana Aires Oliveira, Waldireny Rocha Caldas, Érica Simplício de Souza, Roberto Figlioulo, Juliana Gomes de Souza Oliveira, and João Vicente Braga de Souza. "Fruit Peel from Astrocaryum aculeatum G. Mey. AS Substrate for Lipases Production by Aspergillus niger A2B1." Biotechnology Journal International 22, no. 1 (November 3, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bji/2018/44478.

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43

Kronenberg, D., J. Everding, L. Wendler, M. Brand, M. Timmen, and R. Stange. "INTEGRIN A2B1 DEFICIENCY REVEALS FASTER REGENERATION THROUGH BMP PATHWAY ACTIVATION IN A MURINE FRACTURE HEALING MODEL." Orthopaedic Proceedings 105-B, SUPP_8 (April 11, 2023): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2023.8.006.

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Integrin α2β1 is one of the major transmembrane receptors for fibrillary collagen. In native bone we could show that the absence of this protein led to a protective effect against age-related osteoporosis. The objective of this study was to elucidate the effects of integrin α2β1 deficiency on fracture repair and its underlying mechanisms.Standardised femoral fractures were stabilised by an intramedullary nail in 12 week old female C57Bl/6J mice (wild type and integrin α2-/-). After 7, 14 and 28 days mice were sacrificed. Dissected femura were subjected to µCT and histological analyses. To evaluate the biomechanical properties, 28-day-healed femura were tested in a torsional testing device. Masson goldner staining, Alizarin blue, IHC and IF staining were performed on paraffin slices. Blood serum of the animals were measured by ELISA for BMP-2. Primary osteoblasts were analysed by in/on-cell western technology and qRT-PCR.Integrin α2β1 deficient animals showed earlier transition from cartilaginous callus to mineralized callus during fracture repair. The shift from chondrocytes over hypertrophic chondrocytes to bone-forming osteoblasts was accelerated. Collagen production was increased in mutant fracture callus. Serum levels of BMP-2 were increased in healing KO mice. Isolated integrin deficient osteoblast presented an earlier expression and production of active BMP-2 during the differentiation, which led to earlier mineralisation. Biomechanical testing showed no differences between wild-type and mutant bones.Knockout of integrin α2β1 leads to a beneficial outcome for fracture repair. Callus maturation is accelerated, leading to faster recovery, accompanied by an increased generation of extra-cellular matrix material. Biomechanical properties are not diminished by this accelerated healing. The underlying mechanism is driven by an earlier availability of BMP-2, one main effectors for bone development. Local inhibition of integrin α2β1 is therefore a promising target to accelerate fracture repair, especially in patients with retarded healing.
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44

Saláta, József, Dóra Fehér, Sándor Lenk, Ferenc Ujhelyi, Judit Borbély, Péter Hermann, and Emese Ábrám. "Monolitikus cirkónium-dioxid fogpótlások anyagának spektrofotometriai vizsgálata." Fogorvosi Szemle 116, no. 1 (March 20, 2023): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33891/10.33891/fsz.116.1.2-8.

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Bevezetés: Világszerte egyre szélesebb körben alkalmazzák a cirkónium-dioxid kerámiákat monolitikus fogpótlásokanyagaként. A teljes kerámiarendszerek esetén a végleges restaurátum esztétikáját a kerámiaanyag színén túl olyantovábbi tényezők is befolyásolják, mint a csonkszín, a kerámia vastagsága és transzlucenciája, illetve a cement színeés rétegvastagsága.Célkitűzés: A Semmelweis Egyetem Fogpótlástani Klinikájának és a Budapesti Műszaki és GazdaságtudományiEgyetem Atomfizika Tanszékének közös in vitro kísérletének célja tanulmányozni, hogy a különböző árnyalatú és vastagságúmonolitikus cirkónium-dioxid kerámiák optikai tulajdonságait milyen módon befolyásolja a csonkszín és a cementszín.Anyag és módszer: Vizsgálatunkhoz kétféle árnyalatú (A2P1, WHITE), ötféle rétegvastagságú cirkónium-dioxid mintát(Erran Tech), háromféle próbacementet (Variolink Esthetic Try-In Paste, Ivoclar Vivadent), kilencféle csonkanyagot(hat VITA Simulate, három fémtartalmú csonkanyag) használtunk fel. Méréseinket a Budapesti Műszaki és GazdaságtudományiEgyetem Atomfizika Tanszékén lévő PerkinElmer LAMBDA 1050 UV/Vis/NIR spektrofotométerrel végeztükel. A színkülönbség (ΔE) számításához a CIEDE2000 képletet alkalmaztuk.Eredmények: 0,5 mm vastagságú A2P1-minták esetén az átlagos ΔE xΔE = 4,10 (σΔE = 2,91); 2,5 mm vastagság mellettxΔE = 1,88 (σΔE = 0,67). 0,5 mm vastagságú WHITE-minták esetén az átlagos ΔE xΔE = 6,40 (σΔE = 2,75); 2,5 mmvastagság mellett xΔE = 5,46 (σΔE = 0,79).Megbeszélés: A kutatás rámutatott arra, hogy a cirkónium-dioxid minták színezettsége és rétegvastagsága nagybanbefolyásolja a fedőképességet, illetve 1,5 mm kerámiavastagság mellett a próbacementek szignifikáns színeltérést okoznak.A színezetlen cirkónium-dioxidok színét kevésbé befolyásolja a csonkszín, különösen 1,5 mm rétegvastagság felett.Következtetés: Elszíneződött csonkok monolitikus cirkónium-dioxid fogpótlással való fedése esetén a rétegvastagságnövelésével esztétikusabb végeredményt tudunk elérni a vizsgált színezett cirkónium-dioxid alkalmazása mellett.
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45

Saláta, József, Dóra Fehér, Sándor Lenk, Ferenc Ujhelyi, Judit Borbély, Péter Hermann, and Emese Ábrám. "Monolitikus cirkónium-dioxid fogpótlások anyagának spektrofotometriai vizsgálata." Fogorvosi Szemle 116, no. 1 (March 20, 2023): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33891/fsz.116.1.2-8.

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Bevezetés: Világszerte egyre szélesebb körben alkalmazzák a cirkónium-dioxid kerámiákat monolitikus fogpótlások anyagaként. A teljes kerámiarendszerek esetén a végleges restaurátum esztétikáját a kerámiaanyag színén túl olyan további tényezők is befolyásolják, mint a csonkszín, a kerámia vastagsága és transzlucenciája, illetve a cement színe és rétegvastagsága. Célkitűzés: A Semmelweis Egyetem Fogpótlástani Klinikájának és a Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem Atomfizika Tanszékének közös in vitro kísérletének célja tanulmányozni, hogy a különböző árnyalatú és vastagságú monolitikus cirkónium-dioxid kerámiák optikai tulajdonságait milyen módon befolyásolja a csonkszín és a cementszín. Anyag és módszer: Vizsgálatunkhoz kétféle árnyalatú (A2P1, WHITE), ötféle rétegvastagságú cirkónium-dioxid mintát (Erran Tech), háromféle próbacementet (Variolink Esthetic Try-In Paste, Ivoclar Vivadent), kilencféle csonkanyagot (hat VITA Simulate, három fémtartalmú csonkanyag) használtunk fel. Méréseinket a Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem Atomfizika Tanszékén lévő PerkinElmer LAMBDA 1050 UV/Vis/NIR spektrofotométerrel végeztük el. A színkülönbség (ΔE) számításához a CIEDE2000 képletet alkalmaztuk. Eredmények: 0,5 mm vastagságú A2P1-minták esetén az átlagos ΔE xΔE = 4,10 (σΔE = 2,91); 2,5 mm vastagság mellett xΔE = 1,88 (σΔE = 0,67). 0,5 mm vastagságú WHITE-minták esetén az átlagos ΔE xΔE = 6,40 (σΔE = 2,75); 2,5 mm vastagság mellett xΔE = 5,46 (σΔE = 0,79). Megbeszélés: A kutatás rámutatott arra, hogy a cirkónium-dioxid minták színezettsége és rétegvastagsága nagyban befolyásolja a fedőképességet, illetve 1,5 mm kerámiavastagság mellett a próbacementek szignifikáns színeltérést okoznak. A színezetlen cirkónium-dioxidok színét kevésbé befolyásolja a csonkszín, különösen 1,5 mm rétegvastagság felett. Következtetés: Elszíneződött csonkok monolitikus cirkónium-dioxid fogpótlással való fedése esetén a rétegvastagságnövelésével esztétikusabb végeredményt tudunk elérni a vizsgált színezett cirkónium-dioxid alkalmazása mellett.
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46

Guntoro, Adi, Priyono Priyono, and Saiful Bahri. "PENGARUH PEMANGKASAN PUCUK DAN PEMBERIAN DOSIS PUPUK AZOLLA PINNATA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas blackie)." Innofarm:Jurnal Inovasi Pertanian 21, no. 1 (November 27, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33061/innofarm.v21i1.3312.

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Penelitian tentang “Pengaruh pemangkasan pucuk dan pemberian dosis pupuk kompos Azolla pinnata ( Ipomea batatas blackie.)” telah dilaksanakan mulai tanggal 12 Oktober 2018 sampai 18 Januari 2019 Randusari RT 02 RW 01, Slogohimo, Wonogiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui pengaruh dari pemangkasan pucuk terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas blackie.), (2) mengetahui pengaruh dari pemberian dosis pupuk kompos Azolla pinnata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas blackie.), (3) mengetahui pengaruh terbaik dari pemangkasan pucuk dan pemberian dosis pupuk kompos Azolla pinnata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas blackie.) Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) yang disusun secara faktorial. Perlakuan terdiri dari 2 faktor, masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Adapun kedua faktor tersebut adalah : (1)pemangkasan pucuk (P) dengan 3 (tiga) taraf yaitu: tanpa pemangkasan (P1), pemangkasan 10 cm (P2), pemangkasan 15 cm (P3), (2). Pemberian dosis pupuk Azolla pinnata (A) yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu : tanpa pemberian dosis pupuk azolla (A0) pemberian dosis pupuk kompos azolla 5 gram (A1), pemberian dosis pupuk kompos azolla 10 gram ( A2 ), pemberian dosis pupuk kompos azolla 15 gram (A3), Kedua faktor perlakuan tersebut dikombinasikan sehinngga diperoleh 12 kombinasi perlakuan. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Ragam, yang dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil pada taraf 5 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan pemangkasan pucuk dan pemberian dosis pupuk kompos Azolla pinnata berpengaruh nyata terhadap komponen pertumbuhan yaitu jumlah daun pada perlakuan (A2P1) dengan rata - rata jumlah daun 414 helai dan berat brangkasan basah (A2P1) dengan berat rata- rata 1915,33 gram, sedangkan pada hasil tanaman ubi jalar ungu berpengaruh nyata pada jumlah umbi yaitu pada perlakuan (A3P1) dengan rata – rata jumlah umbi 13,67 buah .
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47

Puspitarini, Dinda, Sri Rejeki, and Ttitik Susilowati. "Pengaruh Metode Budidaya dan Asal Bibit terhadap Pertumbuhan Gracilaria verrucosa Yang Dibudidayakan Di Tambak Desa Kaliwungu, Kabupaten Brebes." Sains Akuakultur Tropis 5, no. 2 (October 15, 2021): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/sat.v5i2.10913.

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Gracilaria verrucosa is one of the seaweeds with good economic value that can be cultivated in ponds. The demand for Gracilaria is increasing as an ingredient for food, beverage, cosmetic, pharmaceutical manufacturing industries. The factors that determine the success of Gracilaria culture: cultivation methods include the seeds quality and source.This study aims to determine the effect of different Gracilaria seeds sources and its culture methods on its growth, to determine the interaction between methods and seed sources. This study aims to determine the effect of different Gracilaria seeds sources and its culture methods on its growth, to determine the interaction between methods and seed sources The research was conducted in October-November 2020 in Kaliwlingi Village, Brebes District, Brebes Regency, Central Java. The experimental used was factorial design with 2 factors: Factor 1: seed sources (A): A1 = Seed from Semarang; A2 = seed from Brebes; A3 seeds from Demak. Factor 2: cultivation method (B): B1 = longline; B2 = off-bottom; B3: broadcast. So there were 9 treatment combinations: A1B1, A2B1, A3B1; A2B1, A2B2, A2B3; A3B1, A3B2, A3B3, each treatment with 3 replications. The data collected include: growth of gracilaria during 60 days. The Specific Growth Rate (SGR) analyzes using ANOVA. The results showed the origin of seedlings and cultivation methods have a very real effect (P<0.05) on SGR Gracilaria. The highest SGR was at treatment A1B1 (Semarang seeds longline method) = 1.84±0.17%/day, and the lowest was treatment A3B3 (Demak seedlings broadcast method) of 0.25±0.13%/day. The water quality measurement results obtained indicate that the water quality at the research location is in a tolerable range for the growth of seaweed. Keywords: Gracilaria, seed source, longline, broadcast, off-bottom.
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48

Gusu, Jahara, Hens Onibala, Jenki Pongoh, Nurmeilita Taher, Verly Dotulong, Feny Mentang, and Grace Sanger. "Pengaruh Ekstrak Kulit Manggis terhadap Mutu Ikan Cakalang Asap." Media Teknologi Hasil Perikanan 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/mthp.9.3.2021.29587.

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Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan ekstrak kulit buah manggis yang dikeringkan selama 4 dan 8 hari sebagai bahan pengawet dan melihat pengaruh tingkat kesukaan konsumen terhadap ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) asap yang direndam dalam ekstrak kulit buah manggis. Data hasil pengamatan uji organoleptik yang tertinggi terdapat pada Aroma dengan nilai 8,1 pengeringan 8 hari dengan perendaman 15 menit (A2B1) dalam penyimpanan 0 hari dan data hasil uji organoleptik yang terendah terdapat pada Rasa dengan nilai 2,5 pengeringan 4 hari dengan perendaman 30 menit dalam penyimpanan hari ke-10. Hasil penelitian TVB-N menunjukkan bahwa larutan kulit buah manggis dengan penyimpanan 0 hari sampai hari ke-10 sudah diatas Standarisasi Nasional Indonesia (SNI) sehingga sudah tidak layak untuk dikonsumsi.
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49

Xue, Gang, Ying Wang, and Feng Xia Liu. "Study on the Technical Conditions of Purifying γ-Linolenic Acid from Evening Primrose Oil by Urea Inclusion." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 1148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.1148.

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The urea inclusion was carried out to purify γ-linolenic acid (GLA). The single-factor, double-factor and orthogonal test were employed to optimize technical conditions. Single-factor tests showed that the best ratio of FFA: urea: alcohol was 1:3:8, the inclusion temperature was -15or-20°C and the duration time was 24 hours. Double-factor test indicated the optimal combination was A2B2 or A2B1. The best combination of the orthogonal test was A1B2C2D2 or A4B2C2D2. The ratio of filtrate and urea was 6:2 or 8:3, at the method of isolation was NO. II. Using urea inclusion, GLA purity was raised over 90% with a yield of 80%.
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50

Watase, Yasushige. "Introduction to Diophantine Approximation. Part II." Formalized Mathematics 25, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/forma-2017-0027.

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SummaryIn the article we present in the Mizar system [1], [2] the formalized proofs for Hurwitz’ theorem [4, 1891] and Minkowski’s theorem [5]. Both theorems are well explained as a basic result of the theory of Diophantine approximations appeared in [3], [6]. A formal proof of Dirichlet’s theorem, namely an inequation |θ−y/x| ≤ 1/x2has infinitely many integer solutions (x, y) where θ is an irrational number, was given in [8]. A finer approximation is given by Hurwitz’ theorem: |θ− y/x|≤ 1/√5x2. Minkowski’s theorem concerns an inequation of a product of non-homogeneous binary linear forms such that |a1x + b1y + c1| · |a2x + b2y + c2| ≤ ∆/4 where ∆ = |a1b2− a2b1| ≠ 0, has at least one integer solution.
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