Journal articles: 'A Return to Ireland'

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Marzuki, Muhammad Jufri, Graeme Newell, and Stanley McGreal. "The development and initial performance analysis of REITs in Ireland." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 38, no. 1 (November 8, 2019): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-08-2019-0114.

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Purpose The inception of REITs in Ireland in 2013 presented an additional property investment opportunity to Ireland’s commercial property investment landscape. Importantly, the Irish REIT market is an institutional apparatus with an objective to rejuvenate Ireland’s commercial property market. The purpose of this paper is to provide an empirical validation of the performance of Irish REITs over the period March 2015 to February 2019 across several investment measures such as risk-adjusted returns and diversification benefits. Design/methodology/approach Using monthly total returns in local currency, the risk-adjusted performance and portfolio diversification attributes of Irish REITs are assessed. The mean-variance framework is utilised to assess the potential added-value benefits of Irish REITs in a mixed-asset portfolio. Findings Irish REITs delivered the strongest average annual return performance, lower relative volatility vs the stock market and competitive overall risk-adjusted performance. The results affirm the characteristic of Irish REITs as a total return-focussed income-driven property investment asset class. The optimal asset allocation analysis shows that Irish REITs are an important ingredient in a mixed-asset investment framework, as their allocation could be scaled effectively across the portfolio risk-return spectrum. Practical implications Irish REITs are an emerging investment opportunity for investors seeking exposure in the strongly performing property market in Ireland in the post-Global Financial Crisis period. They are also regarded as an effective alternative conduit to private investment routes (i.e. direct property and non-listed property funds), with the added advantage of being more liquid and versatile than their private property investment counterparts. Importantly, Irish REITs fulfilled the purpose for which they were originally designed. The promising initial performance observed in this paper gives a useful context to what the future might hold for Irish REITs, given the strong interest for commercial property assets in Ireland from both local and cross-border property investors. Originality/value This paper is the first empirical research aimed at providing an initial empirical performance validation of Irish REITs as an effective route to commercial property exposure in Ireland. This research enables empirically validated, more informed and practical property investment decision making regarding the strategic role of Irish REITs in a portfolio.

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Cranmer, Frank. "Parliamentary Report." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 16, no. 3 (August 13, 2014): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x14000568.

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The Charities (Annual Return) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2014, which came into force on 1 April 2014, outline the information that charities operating in Northern Ireland and registered with the Charity Commission for Northern Ireland (CCNI) must provide in their interim annual report for the accounting period starting on or after 1 April 2014. Until now, charities in Northern Ireland have not been required to submit annual monitoring returns or accounts and reports to CCNI; however, with the start of compulsory registration of charities, annual reporting is gradually being introduced.

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Callan, Tim, and Colm Harmon. "The economic return to schooling in Ireland." Labour Economics 6, no. 4 (November 1999): 543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-5371(99)00035-4.

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Draper, Nicholas. "‘Dependent on precarious subsistences’: Ireland's Slave-owners at the Time of Emancipation." Britain and the World 6, no. 2 (September 2013): 220–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/brw.2013.0097.

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When the United Kingdom Parliament abolished slavery in most of its colonies in 1833, it provided £20 million to compensate the slave-owners. At least half of the compensation payments for the Caribbean were made to absentee owners and creditors living in Britain and Ireland. While slave-ownership was only one way in which the Atlantic slave-economy came home to Ireland, the records of such payments, now digitised and available online at www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/ , allow analysis of the structure of slave-ownership in Ireland at the end of the colonial slave-system. In contrast to England and, especially, to Scotland, slave-owners of Irish origin showed a much lower propensity to return home as absentees. Nevertheless, both in Ireland and within the Irish diaspora in London, Liverpool and Glasgow are striking instances of slave-owners whose legacies helped shape Ireland's commercial, cultural and physical fabric in the early nineteenth century.

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Geary, Frank. "Regional industrial structure and labour force decline in Ireland between 1841 and 1851." Irish Historical Studies 30, no. 118 (November 1996): 167–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400012839.

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The censuses of 1841 and 1851 provide the earliest detailed and consistent data on the occupations pursued by the people of Ireland in the first half of the nineteenth century. This paper presents a series, constructed from this data, on occupations classified by industry for the years 1841 and 1851. Its purpose is to establish the industrial distribution of the labour force for each of the four provinces, to describe the changes in industrial employment by province during the famine decade, and to make a contribution to debate on the origins of employment decline.IIn its return of occupations, the census of 1841 differed from the censuses of 1821 and 1831 in three ways: in method of estimation, in compilation, and in system of classification. As regards estimation, the 1841 commissioners issued a ‘Form of family return’ to be completed by the head of the family, rather than, as in 1821 and 1831, having the details entered by the enumerator from viva voce inquiry. This has its limitations in that it depends on the accuracy of the householders’ returns, but it is preferable to relying on the accuracy of enumerators’ returns. As regards compilation, the 1841 census returned the occupations of all persons active in the labour force by age and gender; the 1821 census returned all persons active; the 1831 census returned males upwards of twenty years of age in agriculture, industry and services (except servants), all male servants and female servants (age unspecified). As regards the system of classification, the 1821 occupation returns were made under three, and the 1831 under eleven general headings with no return of the numbers engaged in the component occupations of these headings (but see note 1); the 1841 census provided a return of the numbers of males and females engaged in each of 471 occupations classified as belonging to one of nine classes: ministering to food; clothing; lodging; furniture; machinery, etc.; health; charity; justice; education; religion; unclassified.

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Lentin, Ronit. "Asylum seekers, Ireland, and the return of the repressed." Irish Studies Review 24, no. 1 (November 23, 2015): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670882.2015.1113009.

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Walsh, Micheline Kerney. "Archbishop Magauran and His Return to Ireland, October 1592." Seanchas Ardmhacha: Journal of the Armagh Diocesan Historical Society 14, no. 1 (1990): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/29742439.

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O'Connor, Maureen. "Fearful Symmetry: An Emigrant's Return to Celtic Tiger Ireland." New Hibernia Review 10, no. 1 (2006): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nhr.2006.0029.

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O'CONNOR, MAUREEN. "Fearful Symmetry: An Emigrant's Return to Celtic Tiger Ireland." Women's Studies 36, no. 7 (October 12, 2007): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00497870701593713.

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Mekhonoshina, Yu A. "THE EU ECONOMY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC CRISIS. IRELAND’s CASE." Вестник Удмуртского университета. Социология. Политология. Международные отношения 4, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 462–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2587-9030-2020-4-4-462-466.

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In 2008 the world faced a powerful economic crisis, which led to significant problems in the EU. Some states, such us Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain, were on the verge of default. In such conditions the EU had to take appropriate measures to save European countries. The author reviewed the measures which concerned Ireland. At the beginning of the century Irish economy showed rapid growth. But in 2010 the default threatened “The Celtic tiger”. It was conditioned by the collapse of mortgage landing system and the rapid outflow of foreign capital. As far as Ireland participates in the euro zone the other European countries are interested in the stabilization of Ireland’s economy. All measures of saving Ireland’s economy could be divided to two groups. The first group includes the measures taken by the government of Ireland. This is state financing of bank sphere, which was done without being agreed with the EU (moreover, the European council reacted negatively), and changing of tax rate approved by the EU. The second group is represented by the measures of European institutes. It includes preferential credits and suppression of sanctions for violation of Maastricht criterion in exchange for austerity budget. In Ireland’s case such policy doesn’t seem really effective. The level of Ireland’s budget deficit is more than 3 % of GDP and its current economic growth does not permit to redeem the loans. Economic problems provide political instability, that’s why Ireland’s government cannot elaborate long-term financial policy. Though European institutes managed to find consensus between different national interests, the EU needs no less than 15 years to return to pre-depression economic level.

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Monaghan, Rachel. "The Return of "Captain Moonlight": Informal Justice in Northern Ireland." Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 25, no. 1 (January 2002): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/105761002753404140.

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McKILLOP, D. G. "The return-risk stucture of lowland agriculture in Northern Ireland." European Review of Agricultural Economics 16, no. 2 (1989): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/16.2.217.

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Murphy, Ray. "Europe’s return to UN peacekeeping? Opportunities, challenges and ways ahead – Ireland." International Peacekeeping 23, no. 5 (September 26, 2016): 721–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13533312.2016.1235093.

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Ní Laoire, Caitríona. "The ‘green green grass of home’? Return migration to rural Ireland." Journal of Rural Studies 23, no. 3 (July 2007): 332–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.01.005.

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O’Leary, Eleanor, and Diane Negra. "Emigration, return migration and surprise homecomings in post-Celtic Tiger Ireland." Irish Studies Review 24, no. 2 (February 17, 2016): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670882.2016.1147406.

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Davey, Michael. "General Synod of the Church of Ireland." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 17, no. 1 (December 11, 2014): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x14000970.

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In this, the final year of the current triennium, the General Synod met again in Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin. Whether it will return to this venue, and if so how often, is open to doubt since the Synod directed that efforts be made to find a more satisfactory meeting place in Dublin having regard to the comparative costs of its regular meetings at the alternative venue in Armagh.

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Silva, Antonio S., and Ruth Mace. "Cooperation and conflict: field experiments in Northern Ireland." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1792 (October 7, 2014): 20141435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1435.

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The idea that cohesive groups, in which individuals help each other, have a competitive advantage over groups composed of selfish individuals has been widely suggested as an explanation for the evolution of cooperation in humans. Recent theoretical models propose the coevolution of parochial altruism and intergroup conflict, when in-group altruism and out-group hostility contribute to the group's success in these conflicts. However, the few empirical attempts to test this hypothesis do not use natural groups and conflate measures of in-group and unbiased cooperative behaviour. We conducted field experiments based on naturalistic measures of cooperation (school/charity donations and lost letters' returns) with two religious groups with an on-going history of conflict—Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland. Conflict was associated with reduced donations to out-group schools and the return of out-group letters, but we found no evidence that it influences in-group cooperation. Rather, socio-economic status was the major determinant of cooperative behaviour. Our study presents a challenge to dominant perspectives on the origins of human cooperation, and has implications for initiatives aiming to promote conflict resolution and social cohesion.

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HOPKINS, LISA. "A POSSIBLE SOURCE FOR ‘AN HORATIAN ODE UPON CROMWELL'S RETURN FROM IRELAND‘." Notes and Queries 48, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/48-1-19.

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HOPKINS, LISA. "A POSSIBLE SOURCE FOR ‘AN HORATIAN ODE UPON CROMWELL'S RETURN FROM IRELAND‘." Notes and Queries 48, no. 1 (2001): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/48.1.19.

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Brillman, M. L. "A Crucial Administrative Interlude: Sir Antony MacDonnell's Return to Ireland, 1902-04." New Hibernia Review 9, no. 2 (2005): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nhr.2005.0034.

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Schubotz, Dirk, and Malachai O'Hara. "A Shared Future? Exclusion, Stigmatization, and Mental Health of Same-Sex-Attracted Young People in Northern Ireland." Youth & Society 43, no. 2 (October 4, 2010): 488–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x10383549.

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For more than a decade the Peace Process has fundamentally changed Northern Irish society. However, although socioreligious integration and ethnic mixing are high on the political agenda in Northern Ireland, the Peace Process has so far failed to address the needs of some of the most vulnerable young people, for example, those who identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. Public debates in Northern Ireland remain hostile to same-sex-attracted people. Empirical evidence from the annual Young Life and Times (YLT) survey of 16-year-olds undertaken by ARK shows that same-sex-attracted young people report worse experiences in the education sector (e.g., sex education, school bullying), suffer from poorer mental health, experience higher social pressures to engage in health-adverse behavior, and are more likely to say that they will leave Northern Ireland and not return. Equality legislation and peace process have done little to address the heteronormativity in Northern Ireland.

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Kelly, James. "Select Documents XLIII: A secret return of the Volunteers of Ireland in 1784." Irish Historical Studies 26, no. 103 (May 1989): 268–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400009871.

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Though the Volunteers had an enormous impact on Irish politics in the years between their formation in the mid 1770s and their dissolution in 1793, there has been comparatively little historical investigation of this phenomenon. One important and problematical matter in need of resolution is the size of the Volunteer force. Contemporary estimates abound, but they are often more valuable for the insight they give into contemporary thinking on Volunteering than reliable guides to the number of Volunteers in Ireland at any given time. In the absence of registers or other schedules of the hundreds of corps that constituted the Volunteers, it is improbable that we shall ever be able to provide absolute answers to the question of just how numerous they were. We are not wholly bereft of documentation, however, and by combining the more trustworthy of contemporary calculations and such lists as exist it is possible to throw much light on the rise and decline of Volunteering in the 1770s and 1780s. One of the most important and most detailed of these lists is the ‘secret’ and little known ‘Return of the Volunteers with private observations’ which was compiled in the early winter of 1784–5 as Dublin Castle readied itself for an attempt to replace this independent and highly politicised paramilitary body with a compliant and non-political militia.

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Hill, Jonathan. "The Recognition of Foreign Divorces in Ireland: The Return of Travers v. Holley." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 50, no. 1 (January 2001): 144–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/50.1.144.

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Over the course of the last hundred and fifty years or so the general trend in the laws of Western European countries has been, first, to make provision for judicial divorce and, second, to make it easier for parties to a marriage which has broken down to obtain such a divorce. This coupled with increased mobility has added to the significance of the law relating to the recognition of foreign divorces. The law's essential task is to strike the right balance between, on the one hand, being too restrictive, thereby creating “limping” marriages (i.e., marriages which are valid in one or more countries, but not others) and, on the other, being too generous, thereby sanctioning “quickie” divorces or divorces of convenience.1

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CONNOR, EMMET O. "COMMUNISTS, RUSSIA, AND THE IRA, 1920–1923." Historical Journal 46, no. 1 (March 2003): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x02002868.

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After the foundation of the Communist International in 1919, leftists within the Socialist Party of Ireland won Comintern backing for an Irish communist party. Encouraged by Moscow, the communists hoped to offset their marginality through the republican movement. The Communist Party of Ireland denounced the Anglo-Irish treaty, welcomed the Irish Civil War, and pledged total support to the IRA. As the war turned against them, some republicans favoured an alliance with the communists. In August 1922 Comintern agents and two IRA leaders signed a draft agreement providing for secret military aid to the IRA in return for the development of a new republican party with a radical social programme. The deal was not ratified on either side, and in 1923 the Communist Party of Ireland followed Comintern instructions to ‘turn to class politics’. The party encountered increasing difficulties and was liquidated in January 1924. The communist intervention in the Civil War highlights the contrast between Comintern and Russian state policy on Ireland, and was seminal in the evolution of Irish socialist republicanism.

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Murphy, Richard. "Walter Long and the making of the Government of Ireland Act, 1919–20." Irish Historical Studies 25, no. 97 (May 1986): 82–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400025359.

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From the autumn of 1918 until late in 1919 home rule was dead as a practical issue in British politics, and the government concerned itself with the administration in Ireland and the means by which republican violence might be stamped out. During the spring and summer of 1918 Lloyd George had attempted to follow what he called the ‘dual policy’ — home rule in return for military compulsion — and a cabinet committee, under the chairmanship of Walter Long, had drafted a home-rule bill which, in view of the deteriorating situation in Ireland, the cabinet had refused to take up. This bill had foreshadowed the basic outlines of the settlement which was to be embodied in the Government of Ireland Act more than two years later Despite the considerable historical attention given to Anglo-Irish affairs in the period 1918-22 comparatively little attention has been paid to the making of the Government of Ireland Act, though it was this piece of legislation which laid the basis for partition. The act is something of an historical aberration in that its application within nationalist Ireland was superseded within less than a year of reaching the statute book, for the treaty of 6 December 1921 effectively repealed it by granting full dominion status.

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Thomas, Julian. "Current debates on the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in Britain and Ireland." Documenta Praehistorica 31 (December 31, 2004): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.31.8.

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In this contribution I address a series of recent publications which present revisionist accounts of the beginning of the Neolithic in the British Isles. New evidence suggests that we need to reconsider issues of population movement, diet, mobility and residence patterns. However, I conclude that a return to a model of colonisation by an agricultural population from the continent is premature, and seek to stress the distinct patterns of change that characterised Britain and Ireland respectively.

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Wilding, Michael. "Marvell's "An Horatian Ode upon Cromwell's Return from Ireland", the Levellers, and the Junta." Modern Language Review 82, no. 1 (January 1987): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3729910.

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Jones, Richard C. "Multinational investment and return migration in Ireland in the 1990s‐ a county‐level analysis." Irish Geography 36, no. 2 (January 2003): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00750770309555819.

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Curtis, L. Perry. "The Whiteness of Ireland Under and After the Union. Comment: The Return of Revisionism." Journal of British Studies 44, no. 1 (January 2005): 134–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/424983.

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Aveyard, Stuart C. "‘We couldn't do a Prague’: British government responses to loyalist strikes in Northern Ireland 1974–77." Irish Historical Studies 39, no. 153 (May 2014): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400003643.

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In May 1974 the Ulster Workers' Council (U.W.C.), comprising loyalist trade unionists, paramilitaries and politicians, mounted a general strike backed by widespread intimidation. Their target was the Sunningdale Agreement, which produced a power-sharing executive for Northern Ireland and proposed a crossborder institution with the Republic of Ireland. After a fortnight the U.W.C. successfully brought Northern Ireland to a halt and the Executive collapsed, leading to the restoration of direct rule from Westminster. Three years later the United Unionist Action Council (U.U.A.C.) adopted the same strategy, demanding a return to devolution with majority rule and the repression of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (P.I.R.A.). This second strike was defeated. Many contemporary politicians were critical of the Labour government's failure to put down the U.W.C. strike. William Whitelaw, formerly secretary of state for Northern Ireland in Edward Heath's Conservative administration and the minister responsible for the bulk of the negotiations prior to Sunningdale, believed that the prime minister, Harold Wilson, and the new secretary of state for Northern Ireland, Merlyn Rees, did not have the same attachment to the political settlement and were less willing to support the Northern Ireland Executive in its hour of need. Paddy Devlin of the Social Democratic and Labour Party (S.D.L.P.) argued that the unwillingness to arrest those involved, ‘more than any other single action by the authorities ... caused thousands of law-abiding people who had earlier given support to the executive to switch loyalties’.

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Kenny, Catherine. "Positive, humane and expeditious? An analysis of Ireland’s implementation of its obligations in relation to family reunification under the CRC." Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly 62, no. 2 (March 10, 2020): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.53386/nilq.v62i2.415.

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This paper will examine legislative and policy provisions relating to family reunification of persons granted international protection in Ireland and whether these comply with the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). For the most part, the families involved can only hope to reunite in Ireland because return to the country of origin or a third country is impossible. Although the principle of family unity is generally expected in human rights instruments, the CRC is the only widely ratified international human rights instrument to include specific articles addressing the issue of family reunification, and this paper will assess compliance with those articles, and with the core principles obliging states to ensure that the views of children must be heard in all matters relating to them, and making “the best interests of the child” a primary consideration in all decisions concerning children. It will also address the issue of how Ireland’s implementation of its obligations under the CRC in respect to family reunification cannot be addressed in isolation from its policies to reduce the number of asylum claims which have seen the number of applications fall in 2010 for the eighth successive year, and its failure until relatively recently to provide adequate care and support for separated children seeking asylum.

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Gargan, P. G., G. Forde, N. Hazon, D. J. F. Russell, and C. D. Todd. "Evidence for sea lice-induced marine mortality of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in western Ireland from experimental releases of ranched smolts treated with emamectin benzoate." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 69, no. 2 (February 2012): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f2011-155.

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Sea trout ( Salmo trutta ) stock collapses in coastal areas of western Ireland subject to salmon aquaculture were contemporaneous with high abundances of larval sea lice ( Lepeophtheirus salmonis ) on juvenile sea trout. Whereas sea trout remain in near-shore waters throughout their marine migration, Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) smolts typically move quickly offshore into oceanic waters. It might therefore be predicted that salmon smolts would be less vulnerable to coastal stressors and less likely to be negatively affected by infestations of sea lice early in their marine phase. Groups of microtagged, hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon smolts were fed either untreated pellets or pellets incorporating the in-feed sea louse treatment SLICE (emamectin benzoate) prior to eight experimental releases in three marine locations over a 3-year period. In total, 74 324 smolts were released and analysis of tag recaptures from returning adult salmon showed that emamectin-treated smolts experienced increased survivorship and were 1.8 times more likely to return compared with control fish. These results suggest that sea lice-induced mortality on adult Atlantic salmon returns in Ireland can be significant, and that sea lice larvae emanating from farmed salmon may influence individual survivorship and population conservation status of wild salmon in these river systems.

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Y, Bashir, Ulain Q, O’Brien G, Chonchubhair H, and Al-Sahaf O. "Innovation in wound management with disposable, portable, cost-effective and non-powered NPWT device: Experience in general surgery." Case Studies in Surgery 3, no. 1 (January 16, 2017): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/css.v3n1p22.

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Wound management is vital part of surgery. We used a non-powered, disposable, portable Negative Pressure Wound Therapy dressing (NPWT) (“Nanova™”, KCI™) on different types of surgical wounds treated in one Secondary Care Hospital in Ireland. It is easy to use and is self-operated by patients. It was trialled on three patients, was well tolerated, resulting in early mobility and return to daily activities, along with rapid recovery. There was no non-compliance or adverse effects to surrounding skin. The recovery time ranged from 2-3 weeks. The use of this device positively affected the clinical outcome and resulted in early discharge from hospital, quicker recovery and early return to daily activities.

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McCormack, Anthony M. "Internecine warfare and the decline of the house of Desmond c. 1510 – c. 1541." Irish Historical Studies 30, no. 120 (November 1997): 497–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400013420.

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At the beginning of the sixteenth century the Fitzgerald earls of Desmond were among the élite of Hiberno-Norman society in Ireland. Equalled in status among the nobility of Ireland only by the earls of Kildare and of Ormond, the Desmonds possessed great power, wealth and influence. Their huge earldom, which covered much of Munster, rendered them the virtual masters of the province and of all the Gaelic Irish and Hiberno-Norman lords therein.Yet by 1584 they were gone, the earl of Desmond killed while in rebellion, the earldom broken up as an entity, the estates and castles in ruins. Apart from a short-lived return at the end of the century, the house of Desmond was defunct.The dramatic fall of the house of Desmond has intrigued many historians, who seek its cause in the period leading up to the 1580s and in the political context of the time. They cite the breakdown of the earl’s control, the indebtedness of the earldom, the alleged madness and incapacity for rule of Gerald, the fifteenth earl. They refer to the extension of crown control in Elizabethan Ireland, the English fear of foreign intervention in Ireland, and the campaign for conformity to the new Protestant religion.

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Costa, Kelli. "The Coach Fellas: The Invisible, Paradoxical Leadership of the Coach Tour "Big Man" in Irish Tourism." Practicing Anthropology 29, no. 3 (July 1, 2007): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.29.3.k30218022r702r38.

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Coach tours are ubiquitous in Ireland. On any given day in the cities of Killarney, Galway or Dublin, on the Ring of Kerry or the Cliffs of Moher, literally hundreds of tourist-filled coaches can be seen. Often scoffed at by visitors who consider themselves to be something other than uncultured and vulgar, coach tourists come to Ireland to see the place of their dreams. They come for the same reasons "less vulgar" visitors do. Many are descendants of the diasporic Irish forced to leave the island in search of a better life during times of famine or economic desperation. Having grown up hearing tales of "home" from their families, these tourists are visiting a land that for them exists in the dream-time of collective memories. For them, tales from parents and grandparents evoke a blissful otherworld of bucolic harmony (only disrupted by those annoying English and that Potato Famine). Likewise, tantalizing advertisements suggest an Ireland that "calls you back" and where "our mothers" wait for their children's return at the cottage door.

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Osman, Yassin Z., Rowan Fealy, and John C. Sweeney. "Downscaling extreme precipitation in Ireland using combined peak-over-threshold generalised Pareto distribution model of varying parameters." Journal of Water and Climate Change 4, no. 4 (July 25, 2013): 348–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2013.071.

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The paper describes downscaling of extreme precipitation in Ireland using a probabilistic method. The method described uses a combined peak-over-threshold (POT) – generalised Pareto distribution (GPD) approach in which the scale parameter of the GPD is allowed to vary with a dominant climate forcing at the location of interest. The dominant climatic forcing is represented by predictors selected from large-scale climatic variables provided by the NCEP/NCAR data. Data from six rainfall stations are used in the study to build the models for each station. The extRemes software is used to build the models as it allows parameters of the fitted distribution to vary as a function of covariate(s). The developed models were tested for goodness-of-fit with the observed data, and model fit was found to be much improved when the scale parameter was assumed to vary with the selected covariates. Return level – return period relations are developed based on the models developed and four future time periods are simulated to investigate the effects of climate change on both precipitation magnitude and frequency. Based on the findings of this research, significant changes in precipitation extremes are projected for Ireland, which includes wetter winters and drier summers, especially in inland areas.

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김옥수. "The Meanings of the Rhetorical Structure of An Horatian Ode upon Cromwell’s Return from Ireland." English21 31, no. 2 (June 2018): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35771/engdoi.2018.31.2.002.

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Läpple, Doris, Thia Hennessy, and Carol Newman. "Quantifying the Economic Return to Participatory Extension Programmes in Ireland: an Endogenous Switching Regression Analysis." Journal of Agricultural Economics 64, no. 2 (January 18, 2013): 467–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1477-9552.12000.

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McKearney, Tommy. "Northern Ireland: From Imperial Asset to International Encumbrance." Journal of World-Systems Research 22, no. 1 (March 22, 2016): 108–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2016.636.

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The Northern Ireland story is more complex than the trite tale of orange versus green or two warring tribes. Current inhabitants are not settling ancient scores. Northern Ireland is the product of colonialism, the plantation of Ulster, machinations of a British state determined to retain a strategic outpost, 50 years of one party discriminatory government and the recent conflict. The Good Friday Agreement facilitated an end to armed conflict but is inherently flawed. Compounding the Stormont Assembly’s very limited ability to steer the economy is reluctance by the political parties to accept the rationale of the Agreement. Republicans are unhappy that Northern Ireland will remain British while unionists dislike the fact that republicans are partners in administration. Northern Ireland’s two leading parties, The Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) and Sinn Féin (SF,) do not have the power (even if they wanted to use it) to address the social and economic issues affecting constituents’ lives. Northern Ireland is changing demographically while also facing economic challenges at a time when both England and Scotland are reassessing the nature of the Union.

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Faulkner, Duncan, Caroline Keef, and John Martin. "Setting design inflows to hydrodynamic flood models using a dependence model." Hydrology Research 43, no. 5 (May 9, 2012): 663–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2012.018.

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In setting design inflows to hydrodynamic models of flood flow along rivers, there can be a conflict between site-specific hydrological estimates of flow for a given return period and what the river model calculates as it routes flood hydrographs. This paper describes research carried out as part of the Flood Studies Update programme in Ireland, aimed at developing guidance on how to divide up river models and set the magnitude and timing of their inflows so that conditions in the model reach correspond to the expected design flood return period. A model for the joint distribution of flood peaks at pairs of catchments has been developed. The relationship between flood return periods is linked to physical differences between catchments. The model thus allows estimation of the statistical distribution of the flood return period expected at one site during a flood of specified return period elsewhere. A separate regression model predicts the relative timings of flood peaks on pairs of rivers. A summary of the resulting practitioner guidance is given, along with an overview of the testing of the method. The paper concludes with a discussion of the potential for application of the spatial dependence model to other problems in hydrology.

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Joyce, Stephen J. "The six ages of Patrick: Yet another return to the dating question." Journal of the Australian Early Medieval Association 17, no. 1 (2021): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35253/jaema.2021.1.1.

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This article returns to the surviving texts of Patrick, apostle to Ireland, in order to refine further his floruit in the fifth century. It argues that Patrick's use of a classical scheme relating age to status clarifies the contexts for the autobiographical details of his life, and that these details can be correlated with the limited historical records that survive for this period. In connecting his excommunication of Coroticus to an Easter controversy c. 455, and his controversial elevation to an episcopal see to a dislocation in clerical authority in Britain c. 441, I argue that Patrick's formal clerical career c. 427-455 matches Richard Hanson's sophisticated literary arguments made in the latter third of the twentieth century. I also propose that the uncertainty over the date of Patrick's death (in a context of exile), as represented by various reports in the Irish and Welsh annals c. 457-493, is inconsequential to his formal period of authority.

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Lindley, Keith. "Irish adventurers and godly militants in the 1640s." Irish Historical Studies 29, no. 113 (May 1994): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400018745.

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This paper will attempt to shed some additional light on the background and motives of those who were to play a leading part in the scheme for the Irish adventurers. The focus will be upon those Englishmen, and Londoners in particular, who invested from 1642 onwards in the reconquest of Ireland in return for grants of Irish land once the island had been secured again. It will be argued that militants who regarded themselves as belonging to the chosen ranks of the godly — that is the minority of mankind singled out for salvation by God, and thus constituting his elect or saints — played a leading part in the scheme and were among its most committed participants, and that they later helped to shape English policy towards Ireland. These militants were also ardent advocates of reformation in church and state in England in the 1640s, and they viewed Ireland and the successful Catholic rising in 1641 from a perspective highly coloured by antipopery. They tended to see the struggle taking place in the mid-seventeenth century in Britain, Ireland and Europe generally in black-and-white terms, as a struggle between true religion (by which was meant a thoroughly reformed Protestant church) and the Antichrist as represented by the pope and the forces believed to be ranged under him in the Catholic church.

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Newcomb, Sally. "Richard Kirwan (1733-1812)." Earth Sciences History 31, no. 2 (January 1, 2012): 287–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.31.2.7151vv24h27u5494.

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Kirwan's life can be seen as a succession of phases whose boundaries were flexible. Born to a Catholic, land-owning family in Ireland, his youth and education were very much a product of those conditions, which in his case included higher education in France. After his return to Ireland and marriage, he spent time in Ireland, England, and on the Continent. During that period he studied law, the practice of which required his conforming to the Irish Anglican Church, now better known as the (Protestant) Established Church of Ireland. After a first (to his mind) unsuccessful effort at chemistry, but finding law practice unrewarding, he returned to chemistry, which included mineralogy. His stellar decade in London from 1777 to 1787 followed, during which time his chemistry earned him the Copley Medal of the Royal Society and he emerged as one of the leading advocates of phlogiston, backed by reasoning that many found compelling. He returned to Ireland in 1787 and lived in Dublin until his death. His interest in chemistry continued, but geology became his focus as he challenged James Hutton's (1796-1797) theory of the Earth, basing his arguments in part on his laboratory experience with rocks and minerals. A position as Irish Inspector of Mines revealed his experience with practical geology and fieldwork. Although he continued with technical publications fairly regularly until 1803, and sporadically thereafter, he became more philosophical and published on languages, space, and time. He was elected President of the Royal Irish Academy, a position that he held from 1799 until his death in 1812.

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McSherry, Dominic, Kerrylee Weatherall, Emma Larkin, Montse Fargas Malet, and Greg Kelly. "Who Goes Where?: Young Children's Pathways through Care in Northern Ireland." Adoption & Fostering 34, no. 2 (July 2010): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857591003400205.

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This is one of a series of articles reporting on the large-scale Northern Ireland care pathways and outcomes study (McSherry et al, 2008). The study has been examining a population of young children (n = 374) who were in care under five years of age in Northern Ireland and followed up across a four-year period (2000–2004). It has mapped these young children's care careers and explored factors relating to five care pathways that these children progressed along: towards adoption, long-term non-relative foster care, long-term relative foster care, residence order and return to birth parent/s. The authors, Dominic McSherry, Kerrylee Weatherall, Emma Larkin, Montse Fargas Malet and Greg Kelly, examine the children's care pathway patterns from 2000 to 2004 and identify the background factors that have influenced their specific care pathway. These background factors relate to the age of child, length of time in care, the child's health, the child's behaviour and regional variation. The findings indicate that although the care pathway patterns were to some extent similar to those found in England and Wales, there were differences peculiar to the Northern Ireland context.

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Röder, Antje, Mark Ward, and Carmen-Adriana Frese. "From Labour Migrant to Stay-at-Home Mother? Childcare and Return to Work among Migrant Mothers from the EU Accession Countries in Ireland." Work, Employment and Society 32, no. 5 (August 9, 2017): 850–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017017713953.

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Previous research on the labour market integration of migrants from EU Accession countries has primarily viewed migrants as individual economic actors, despite their increasing role in family formation. In this contribution, mothers’ return to work after birth is analysed using data from the Irish childhood prospective cohort study Growing Up in Ireland. Families from the Accession countries appear to have little access to non-parental childcare or the support of extended family, which is an important resource for their Irish peers. Fewer EU Accession mothers return to paid work at the end of maternity leave, and are more likely to juggle work and childcare without support. Structural reasons as well as preferences are considered as potential explanations to develop a better understanding of how migrant status impacts on work and childcare decisions.

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Lynch, B. "OP0308-PARE PREGNANCY AND ARTHRITIS - A PATIENT EDUCATION PROGRAMME IN IRELAND." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 191.1–191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1214.

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Background:The relationship between pregnancy and arthritis is a complex one. Because of the variability of arthritic conditions, it is important for patients to get advice from their doctor or a specialist nurse before trying for a baby. There can be implications for medication regimes, while the pregnancy itself can also affect the inflammatory arthritis. In the postpartum period, other considerations include breastfeeding and the frequent return of flares.Through this education programme, Arthritis Ireland developed information resources primarily targeting women of child-bearing age. The multichannel campaign provided information about the wide range of issues of concern to women with inflammatory arthritis who are planning a family or are pregnant.Objectives:•To provide information and increase awareness around inflammatory arthritis and pregnancy;•To support women living with inflammatory arthritis through their illness and life journey;•To increase awareness of the work of Arthritis Ireland as a patient organisation.Methods:In developing and executing this education programme, Arthritis Ireland worked extensively with a team of healthcare professionals, who are regarded internationally as leaders in this field.A multi-channel approach was taken to the development, production and dissemination of information, with public information events, literature and a suite of videos developedUp to this point, there had not been any Irish-produced material on this subject. he topic was seen to be an important one and an issue of significant public health interest.The series of information talks on pregnancy and inflammatory arthritis was delivered by consultant rheumatologists and were held in cities around Ireland. The information booklet covered topics such as planning for a baby, medication and pregnancy, the role of the father, fertility, genetics, during the pregnancy, after the pregnancy and breastfeeding.Video was seen to be central to the success of the campaign. Working with the expert healthcare team, six information videos were developed around obstetrics, rheumatology, physiotherapy and occupational therapy. The videos were published and promoted across Arthritis Ireland’s social media channels and website.The capstone video featured a young mother who was diagnosed with JIA when she was two. Her story was an incredibly powerful testimony of overcoming and dealing with adversity and complex health issues.Results:This educational campaign was developed to meet a significant need in the health information landscape. While there are no little resources produced focusing on pregnancy and parenting, there wasn’t anything in Ireland which specifically addressed the needs of women and men with inflammatory arthritis who are looking to have a family. The materials produced are a valuable part of Arthritis Ireland’s canon of patient education materials.Conclusion:It is anticipated that the materials developed will have a long lifespan and will support prospective parents for several years to come. Central to the success of the project was the involvement of the expert healthcare teams. Their commitment to the project spoke volumes of its importance and the considerable need for the clearly communicated information, which the project provided.Ultimately, Arthritis Ireland has produced a suite of resources which will be referenced and used by patients, and will hopefully make a considerable impact on their quality of life.Acknowledgments:This patient education programme was supported by a grant from UCB.Disclosure of Interests:Brian Lynch Grant/research support from: Arthritis Ireland received a grant from MSD to develop this patient education programme. Brian Lynch has not benefited personally in any way.

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McClelland, L., and N. S. Jones. "Tonsillectomy: haemorrhaging ideas." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 119, no. 10 (October 2005): 753–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002221505774481336.

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Tonsil surgery has been described for over 3000 years. Haemorrhage following tonsillectomy remains the most serious complication of surgery. Over recent years several audits have been gathering data on current trends in tonsil surgery and clinical outcomes throughout England, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The results support a return to traditional dissection with ties to reduce the risk of post-operative haemorrhage. We describe the changes that have occurred to improve efficacy and safety during the evolution of the modern tonsillectomy.

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Wortley, Alexander. "‘There’s No Return Route, Is There?’: Conor O’Callaghan’s After-Irish Diasporic Aesthetic." Humanities 9, no. 1 (January 10, 2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h9010008.

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In this article, I examine Conor O’Callaghan’s poetry in the context of post- or after-Irishness and migration. The idea of a traditional Irish national literature has diminished in importance and relevance in recent years. Irish writers are now more sensitized to alternative modes of identification, unbound by the constraints of a singular concept of ‘Irishness’. This is especially significant for migrant writers, who are geographically removed from Ireland. O’Callaghan (born 1968) is himself a migrant: having lived in America, he now lives in England. Drawn from his experiences of transnational migration, O’Callaghan explores the different locales that he has known. He also feels free to write about suburban life, love, and the internet in an often quick-witted vernacular. What then is O’Callaghan’s aesthetic response to the experience of migrancy? Does O’Callaghan’s poetry exhibit an after-Irish diasporic aesthetic? Although O’Callaghan’s poetry is imbued with a diasporic multi-locatedness, both intellectual and geographical, his sense of Irish identity remains strong, and his poetry also often expresses a desire for rootedness.

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Cowman, Triona, Judith Mary Fleming, and Liz Greene. "Back to the future: midwives' experiences of undertaking a return to midwifery practice programme." British Journal of Midwifery 28, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): 234–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2020.28.4.234.

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Background Midwives returning to practice is considered to be an important recruitment initiative. Refresher programmes are generally required by returning midwives; however, there is a paucity of current research on the success of these programmes. Aim To explore the experiences of registered midwives undertaking a return to midwifery practice programme in Ireland, and the effectiveness of the programme in preparing and returning midwives to practice. Method A mixed-methods approach was used including data collection through questionnaire, focus groups and interviews. Nine midwives undertaking a return to midwifery practice programme were included in the study. Findings A passion for midwifery is a key driver for returning to practice. Returning midwives have unique learning and support needs yet they do not always receive the appropriate support. In total, 62% of midwives did not return to midwifery practice on programme completion. Challenges were encountered when seeking employment opportunities to consolidate knowledge and skills gained on the return to midwifery practice programme. Conclusion Return to midwifery practice programmes need to be tailored and clinical staff need to be adequately prepared to provide the required support. As a recruitment strategy, current emphasis is on the education component. However, equal emphasis needs to be placed on employment pathways on programme completion if this initiative is to be effective at returning midwives back to the workforce.

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Agyapong, V. O. I., C. Conway, A. Guerandel, and F. O’Connell. "Shared care between specialised psychiatric services and primary care - the experiences and expectations of consultant psychiatrists in Ireland." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1694. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73398-3.

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ObjectiveThe study aims to explore the views of consultant psychiatrists in Ireland on shared care between specialist psychiatric services and primary care.MethodsA self-administered questionnaire was posted to all 470 consultant psychiatrists working in Ireland. Self addressed envelopes were included for the return of completed questionnaires. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVAResults213 questionnaires were returned giving a response rate of 45%. 47.9% of the respondents were male and 52.1% were female. Over all, 91% of respondents reported that they would support a general policy on shared care between primary care and specialised psychiatric services for patients who are stable on their treatment. However, 85% reported that they foresaw difficulties for patients in implementing such a policy, including: increased financial burden on some patients (66%), lack of adequate allied health professionals resources in primary care (60%) and GP's not adequately trained to provide psychiatric care (52%). Most psychiatrists did not feel comfortable to transfer the care of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder to their GP's and Child psychiatrists were significantly less comfortable than other psychiatrists to discharge patients with Depression, Bipolar Disorder, Anxiety Disorder, Alcohol Dependency Syndrome and Personality Disorder into the care of GP's after they have been stabilised in their medication.ConclusionAlthough most psychiatrists in Ireland would support a policy of shared care, they identify several constraints which would currently hamper the effective implementation of a policy of active collaboration between primary care and specialised psychiatric services in Ireland.

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Journal articles on the topic 'A Return to Ireland'

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