Academic literature on the topic '960301 Climate Change Adaptation Measures'
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Journal articles on the topic "960301 Climate Change Adaptation Measures"
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Bator, Agata, and Agnieszka Borek. "Adaptation to Climate Change under Climate Change Treaties." International Community Law Review 23, no. 2-3 (June 29, 2021): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18719732-12341467.
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Abstract On the ground that climate change poses a great threat to societies and economies, it became evident for policy makers that attention should be given to the problem of adaptation, i.e. adaptation measures should be undertaken to minimize the adverse impacts of climate change. As the debate on the adverse impacts of climate change advanced at international level, states are taking actions at national, regional and local levels. Along with the increase awareness regarding importance of adaptation, regulations designed to prepare states to strengthen their resilience to climate change, has been developed in climate change treaties. Paris Agreement seems to be the first global agreement which addresses adaptation as one of its key goals and links it with mitigation efforts. The purpose of this article is to discuss the most important regulations and programmes within the regime established by the Framework Convention and the Paris Agreement concerning adaptation to climate change.
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Vizinho, André, David Avelar, Cristina Branquinho, Tiago Capela Lourenço, Silvia Carvalho, Alice Nunes, Leonor Sucena-Paiva, et al. "Framework for Climate Change Adaptation of Agriculture and Forestry in Mediterranean Climate Regions." Land 10, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020161.
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Planning the adaptation of agriculture and forestry landscapes to climate change remains challenging due to the need for integrating substantial amounts of information. This information ranges from climate scenarios, geographical site information, socio-economic data and several possible adaptation measures. Thus, there is an urgent need to have a framework that is capable of organizing adaptation strategies and measures in the agriculture and forestry sectors in Mediterranean climatic regions. Additionally, this framework should provide a cause effect relation with climate vulnerability to adequately support the development of adaptation planning at municipal and local (farm) level. In this context, we propose to test and evaluate a framework for climate adaptation of the agriculture and forestry sectors, based on the local causal-effect relation between adaptation strategies and measures and the level of vulnerability reduction achieved for Mediterranean areas. The framework was developed based on the combination of the DPSIR (Driving forces, Pressures, State, Impacts, Responses) and Vulnerability frameworks and reviewed 162 practical adaptation measures, further organized into strategies, complemented by a set of efficacy indicators. The framework was tested with 70 stakeholders in six stakeholder workshops for the planning of two farms and one municipal climate adaptation study, that are now in actual implementation and monitoring. The framework is composed by a set of eight adaptation strategies in which adaptation measures are clustered and assessed using efficacy indicators. In the evaluation of the adaptation framework, 96% of stakeholders considered its content as good or very good and 89% considered the final outcomes as good or very good. Finally, the framework was also used to assess and compare the adaptation strategies and measures presented in the climate adaptation plans of the three case studies. On average, 52.2% of the adaptation measures selected by the three case studies are dedicated to Ecosystem Resilience, 30.9% to Adaptive Capacity, 9.1% to Microclimates, 7.4% to Protection, and 0.3% to Mitigation strategies. This framework was considered effective in supporting adaptation planning at farm and municipal levels and useful to assess and compare adaptation plans in the frame of vulnerability reduction. Future studies can further contribute to support adaptation planning in these sectors by using, developing and streamlining this framework to additional and different socio-ecological contexts.
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Muchuru, Shepherd, and Godwell Nhamo. "Climate change and the African livestock sector." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 9, no. 2 (March 20, 2017): 241–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-07-2016-0093.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate and review adaptation measures in the livestock sector from 21 African countries through literature survey and grounded theory approaches. The adaptation themes that emerged captured essence of measures and experience drawn from varied country submissions and contexts instituted to make the livestock sector climate compatible in as far as adaptation is concerned. Design/methodology/approach Literature survey approach was used on the impacts of climate change on livestock and a review of the submitted adaptation measures. The study used grounded theory approach to derive meaning from the retrieved information. The grounded theory was derived inductively through systematic collection and analysis of data pertaining to the submitted National Communications reports. The retrieved themes were then examined and interpreted to give meaning and draw conclusions through coding, conceptualizing, categorizing and theorizing. Findings Results identify eight adaptation themes: carrying capacity and policies; integrated pasture management; capacity building, extension, training, awareness and information sharing; livestock breeding, diversification and intensification; disease, vectors and parasites management; technology, innovation, research and development; alternative livelihood; and water supply. The findings show that African Governments have been implementing effective adaptation measures for food security through building a climate resilient livestock production system. Originality/value This study is one of the first to lead to recommendations that decision- and policymakers, private sectors, relevant stakeholders and government officials and scientists should play a key role in ensuring that adaptation measures reach farmers, herders at grassroots level. In addition, governments should create an enabling environment (policies) in climate change adaptation to improve food security. These recommendations might be helpful in many communities where adaptation to climate change is a pressing issue.
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Khayyam, Umer, Rida Bano, and Shahzad Alvi. "Towards Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation." Comparative Sociology 20, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 138–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10028.
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Abstract Global climate change is one of the main threats facing humanity and the impacts on natural systems as well as humans are expected to be severe. People can take action against these threats through two approaches: mitigation and adaptation. However, mitigations and adaptations are contingent on the level of motivation and awareness, as well as socio-economic and environmental conditions. This study examined personal perception and motivation to mitigate and adapt to climate change among the university students in the capital city of Pakistan. We divided the respondents into social sciences, applied sciences and natural sciences, using logistic regression analysis. The results indicated that students who perceive severity, benefits from preparation, and have more information about climate change were 1.57, 4.98 and 1.63 times more likely to take mitigation and 1.47, 1.14 and 1.17 times more likely to take adaptation measures, respectively. Students who perceived self-efficacy, obstacles to protect from the negative consequences of climate change and who belonged to affluent families were more likely to take mitigation measures and less likely to take adaptation strategies. However, mitigation and adaptation were unaffected by age, gender and study discipline.
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Hodakova, D., A. Zuzulova, and S. Capayova. "Climate change adaptation in pavement design." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1252, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1252/1/012017.
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Abstract Since 2011, the change in climatic characteristics has emerged as one of the three most common environmental risks today. Global warming forecasts warn that by 2100, our planet could warm by an average of 3.5 to 7.5 °C. In Europe, over the last 140 years, the average annual air temperature has risen by about 1.5 °C. In Slovakia, it was an increase of 1.7 - 1.8 °C on average. The consequences of these changes in road construction are immediate and intense and require adequate adaptation measures. Long-term measurements of climatic conditions in Slovakia were the basis for assessing changes in average daily air temperatures in individual seasons. With the design of road pavements and calculations of pavement structure models, we have also tested road construction materials - especially asphalt mixtures. The results were used to correct the values of input data, design criteria, as well as in measures to reduce the impact of changes in climatic conditions. The paper focuses on the characterization of the climatic conditions in Slovakia and the changes reflected in the design of the road constructions; also provides some insights into the solution of partial problems in the field of asphalt pavement and cement concrete pavement.
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Stagrum, Anna Eknes, Erlend Andenæs, Tore Kvande, and Jardar Lohne. "Climate Change Adaptation Measures for Buildings—A Scoping Review." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (February 25, 2020): 1721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051721.
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As the climate changes globally and locally, the built environment will be subject to different climatic exposure than in the past. Adaptation measures are required to ensure the long-term integrity and successful operation of the built environment. This study examines literature on climate adaptation measures for buildings through a scoping literature review. It is centered around the main journals in the field of climate adaptation of the built environment, then expanded to map the extent of scientific publications about climate adaptation in general. Studies that regard future climate scenarios have been of particular interest. The majority of the identified literature concerns climate change impacts on buildings in warm climates, with overheating being seen as the greatest challenge. Additionally, few empirical studies are found; most identified research is based on computer simulations or literature reviews. The volume of research on the consequences of climate change on buildings in cold regions is surprisingly small, considering the pecuniary stakes involved. The predictions of climate scenarios suggest regulatory/policy measures on climate adaptation should be taken as quickly as possible to avoid greater costs in the future. However, further research into future scenarios is also essential.
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Kim, Na yoon, and Chang Sug Park. "Analysis of Adaptation Measure Networks for Climate Disaster Management." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 22, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2022.22.1.45.
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This study analyzed the interconnectivity of climate change adaptation measures in the water management, health, and disaster sectors. A survey encompassing inputs from 94 experts was conducted for the analysis. Then a social network analysis was performed, based on the results of the survey, using Netminer 4.0. The findings confirmed that climate change adaptation measures in the water management, health and disaster sectors are interconnected. In addition, the results demonstrated that adaptation measures across these sectors are effective at addressing interconnected risks of climate change. Findings from this study have value as they can be used to prepare climate change adaptation measures that reflect climate risk. It is also significant that clusters of climate change adaptation measures have been derived from the results of this study.
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Markou, Marinos, Cleopatra A. Moraiti, Andreas Stylianou, and George Papadavid. "Addressing Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture: Adaptation Measures For Six Crops in Cyprus." Atmosphere 11, no. 5 (May 9, 2020): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11050483.
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The agricultural sector of Cyprus is seriously affected by climate change impacts. In the framework of the ADAPT2CLIMA project, the available techniques and methods implemented worldwide for the adaptation of six crops (wheat, barley, potatoes, tomatoes, grapes, and olives) to climate change impacts were thoroughly assessed. The identified adaptation options were categorized according to the climate change impact they address as follows: measures against drought stress, heat stress, decreasing plant health, extreme weather events and reduced crop productivity. Another category that refers to measures that address more than one category of climate change was also added. The evaluation of the identified adaptation options was based on a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. The identified adaptation measures were graded according to the following criteria: efficiency of the measure, urgency of implementing the measure, usefulness of implementation irrespective of climate change, technical difficulty, contribution to climate change adaptation, economic viability and social acceptance. Fifty-six respondents (experts and stakeholders) filled the questionnaire, suggesting twelve recommended adaptation measures (with high score ≥ 60%), which mainly refer to irrigation adaptation measures, cultural practices, and methods for upgrading external services to farmers. The recommended adaptation measures for Cyprus are thoroughly presented and discussed.
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Lin, Jolene. "Litigating Climate Change in Asia." Climate Law 4, no. 1-2 (July 25, 2014): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18786561-00402012.
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There is increasing climate change litigation in jurisdictions such as the United States, Australia and the European Union. Such litigation seeks to, inter alia, promote mitigation and compel governmental authorities to take effective adaptation measures. Climate litigation, however, is almost unknown in Asia. This article explores the potential for climate litigation in Asia and argues that conditions are ripe in jurisdictions like India and the Philippines for advancing climate mitigation and adaptation via the courtroom.
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ORAKWUE, CHIKAODILI A., ADAEZE M. OGUIKE, and GODWIN O. AGBILOKO. "CLIMATE CHANGE, SOCIAL CONFLICT AND ADAPTATION." WILBERFORCE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES 4, no. 1 (March 10, 2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/wjss/9102.40.010210.
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This work examined the relationship between climate change and the key social dimensions of vulnerability that often result in violent conflict. The authors adopted the human needs theory, the frustration-aggression theory of conflict, fragile state as well as the cultural theory of risk for climate change adaptation. The paper found that the government of Nigeria does not have an effective policy for adaptation during flooding, displacement and forceful migration due to climate change. The paper also highlighted other identifiable outcomes. These include loss of life and properties, increasing vulnerability, diminishing opportunities for income generating economic activities, increasing conflicts, the polity is tense and the country is overwhelmed due to increasing cases of victims of climate change and lack of adaptation measures. The paper therefore made appropriate recommendations to deal with the twin challenge of climate change and conflict in Nigeria.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "960301 Climate Change Adaptation Measures"
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Rafael, Sandra Isabel Moreira. "Urban air quality and climate change: vulnerability, resilience and adaptation." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23029.
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Doutoramento em Ciências e Engenharia do AmbienteAs cidades, áreas que albergam cerca de 70% da população europeia, enfrentam hoje um conjunto de desafios associados a alterações do metabolismo urbano, que num contexto de alteração climática (AC), afectam o microclima urbano e a qualidade do ar (QA). Compreender a interação entre as AC, qualidade do ar e fluxos urbanos de calor (FUC) é um tópico de investigação emergente, reconhecido como área de interesse para a definição e implementação de políticas locais. O principal objetivo do presente trabalho é promover uma avaliação integrada das interações entre medidas de resiliência urbana e as AC, e respectiva influência no microclima urbano, QA e FUC, tendo como caso de estudo a cidade do Porto (Portugal). Pretende-se ainda impulsionar o desempenho dos modelos numéricos para que estes representem realisticamente os fenómenos físicos que ocorrem nas áreas urbanas. Para atingir este objetivo, o sistema de modelos WRF-SUEWS foi aplicado para a área de estudo para avaliar a influência de diferentes níveis de área urbanizada nas trocas de calor entre a superficie e a atmosfera. O modelo foi validado mediante a comparação dos seus resultados com dados medidos obtidos em campanhas de monitorização de fluxos. A influência das variáveis meteorológicas nos FUC, e a forma como estas, por sua vez, são influenciadas pela superfície urbana foi também avaliada. Para tal, o sistema WRF-SUEWS foi aplicado para 1-ano representativo de um período de clima presente (1986-2005) e de clima futuro de médio prazo (2046-2065). O cenário climático futuro foi projetado tendo por base o cenário RCP8.5. Esta análise permitiu quantificar e mapear os efeitos das AC nos FUC na cidade do Porto. Face à necessidade corrente de aumentar a resiliência urbana a futuros eventos meteorológicos extremos (e.g. ondas de calor), o sistema WRF-SUEWS foi ainda aplicado (com uma resolução espacial de 200 m) para avaliar a influência de medidas de resiliência nos FUC. Conhecendo a importância da morfologia urbana para as características do seu próprio clima, um conjunto de parameterizações urbanas (LSM, SUEWS e UCM) foram analisados para área de estudo, por forma a obter uma representação realista das características urbanas no modelo WRF e, consequentemente, obter um melhor desempenho na modelação da QA à escala local. Os resultados revelaram que o modelo UCM é a parameterização urbana que melhor representa os fluxos turbulentos de calor, a temperatura e velocidade do vento à superfície. Como resultado, o modelo CFD VADIS, inicializado pelo modelo WRF-UCM, foi aplicado com uma elevada resolução espacial (3 m) a um bairro típico da cidade do Porto. As simulações realizadas permitiram caracterizar o estado atual da QA na área de estudo, bem como avaliar a influência de diferentes medidas de resiliência nos padrões de velocidade do vento e na concentração de poluentes atmosféricos (PM10, NOX, CO e CO2). Este trabalho constitui uma ferramenta científica inovadora no que diz respeito ao conhecimento dos processos físicos que ocorrem à escala urbana, proporcionando uma visão integradora entre AC, QA e FUC. Estes resultados são relevantes para o apoio à decisão política do que respeita à implementação de estratégias que permitam aumentar a resiliência urbana, nas suas diversas vertentes, a um clima em mudança
Cities, home of about 70% of the European population, are facing important challenges related to changes in urban structure and its metabolism, and to pressures induced by climate change (CC) effects, which are affecting urban microclimate and air quality. The better understanding of the interactions between CC, air quality and urban surface energy balance (USEB) is an emerging priority for research and policy. The main objective of the current study is to provide an integrated assessment of the interaction between resilience measures and CC effects, and its influence on the urban microclimate and air quality as well as on the USEB, having as case study the city of Porto (Portugal). The ultimate goal is to improve the accuracy of numerical modelling to better represent the physical processes occurring in urban areas. For this purpose, the relevant parameters to both USEB and air quality were analysed. The WRF-SUEWS modelling setup was applied to the study area to assess the influence of different levels of urbanization on the surface-atmosphere exchanges. To validate the modelling setup, the results were compared with measurements carried out on field campaigns. The way of how the meteorological variables affect the USEB and how, in turn, these variables are themselves affected by urban surface was also assessed. The modelling setup was applied for 1-year period statistically representative of a present (1986-2005) and medium-term future (2046-2065) climate. The climate projection was produced under the RCP8.5 scenario. This analysis gives insights of how the urban-surface exchanges will be affected by CC, allowing the mapping of the FUC over the study area. As result of the need of increase cities resilience to future extreme weather events (e.g. heat waves), the WRF-SUEWS model (with a spatial resolution of 200 m), was applied to Porto city to evaluate the influence of a set of resilience measures on the USEB. Knowing the importance of urban surfaces to its own microclimate, a set of urban parameterization schemes (LSM, SUEWS and UCM) were analysed for the study area, to achieve a more accurate representation of urban features in the WRF model and, in consequence, to improve the capability of air quality modelling at urban/local scale. The results point out that the UCM is the urban parameterization that provides a more realistic representation of the turbulent energy fluxes and the near-surface air temperatures and wind speed. As result, a CFD modelling (VADIS), forced by WRF-UCM, was used to provide a set of numerical simulations with a high spatial resolution (3 m) over a typical neighbourhood in the Porto city. These simulations allow the characterization of the current air quality status over the study area, as well as the assessment of the influence of different resilience measures in the wind flow and air pollutants dispersion (PM10, NOX, CO and CO2). Overall, this research work is a step forward in understanding the physics of urban environments, providing also a linkage between CC, air quality and USEB. These findings are highly advantageous to support policy makers and stakeholders helping them to choose the best strategies to mitigate extreme weather events and air pollution episodes and so increase cities resilience to a future climate.
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Somanje, Albert Novas. "Climate change adaptation measures in agriculture : a case of conservation agriculture for small-scale farmers in Kalomo District of Zambia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15725.
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In most of the developing countries, small scale farmers (SSFs) are usually the primary agricultural producers of staple crop. Furthermore, they highly depend on rainfall for their rain-fed agricultural production. SSFs have limited capacity to adapt to extreme climate variability, thus rendering them to be among the most vulnerable to climate change. Some recent studies show that agricultural production and productivity is being negatively impacted by climate change and variability in most parts of Southern Africa. This is likely to continue for decades into the future, unless corrective or adaptation measures are implemented to reduce the impact on agriculture. Conservation Agriculture (CA) is one of the climate change and weather variability adaptation measures being promoted for SSFs in Kalomo District of Zambia. CA is not only being promoted to improve production and productivity for food security for the majority rural population, but also as an adaptation measure for sustainable agricultural production. The present study analysed the CA practices being promoted in Kalomo district of southern Zambia and the associated challenges in the management and implementation, as well as, how best these challenges can be addressed. Semi-structured interviews and literature review were used as methodologies of data collection for the study. The findings of the study indicate that among the three principles of CA, minimum tillage is mostly practiced compared to crop rotation and retention of crop residue. Within minimum tillage, ripping was found to be practiced on a larger scale compared to making basins. The major challenges include planning and human resource development, financial resource and policy constraints and cultural barriers to adoption of CA.
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Schoetter, Robert [Verfasser], and Heinke [Akademischer Betreuer] Schlünzen. "Can local adaptation measures compensate for regional climate change in Hamburg Metropolitan Region? / Robert Schoetter. Betreuer: Heinke Schlünzen." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1038789753/34.
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Karim, Rezaul. "Sustainability views of Adaptation measures to the potential impacts due to climate change in the Coastal zone of Bangladesh." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-58627.
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The thesis work has studied mainly autonomous adaptation measures used by local communities against natural hazards. In course of time the climate change will make these hazards frequent and severe challenging peoples capacity to cope with them. The work is conducted as a case study in nine coastal agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh. Coastal zones have socio-economical potential but are at the same time vulnerable to destructive effects of climate change in agriculture, human settlements, health, ecosystem and security. In collaboration with the Department of Environmental sciences in Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh, adaptation measures practiced at study areas have been gathered and then evaluated using a rated set of eleven criteria which has been derived from principles of sustainable adaptation. As a result of this study several adaptation measures show high sustainability, some medium but most of them with a low sustainability in terms of effectiveness, efficiency and implementation ability. The conclusion is to enhance local adaptive capacity in terms of its hazards context and to modify adaptation measures to be more sustainable.
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Hoffmaister, Juan P. "HOW DO POLICIES AND MEASURES WITH DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES PROMOTE ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AS A CO-BENEFIT? : The case of rice production in Mozambique." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-50961.
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Approaches to address climate change as part of a larger strategy where climate benefitsare only a part of a larger set of other benefits, like sustainable development benefits, arelimited to mitigation. The need for “[a] structured but flexible approach to adaptation”sought by developing countries requires a similar consideration in order to realize whatelements of adaptation could be ‘structured’ and what elements ‘flexible.’ Applyingprogram theory, this work explores ways in which adaptation to climate change mayemerge as a consequence of development policies. This is applied to the experience ofagriculture in Mozambique to model policy implementation in response to the 2007 foodcrisis using concepts from programme and strategy theory to examine how a chain ofactivities obtain results not initially targeted, exemplifying how adaptation to climatechange can emerge as a co-benefit of development polices. The case study indicates thatadaptation and development interact better when policies are designed to integratedifferent needs and are sustained not just by those directly implementing them, and thatgenerating adaptation co-benefits will be different according to the scales and level inwhich policies apply. The study concludes with suggestions for multilevel mechanismfor integrating adaptation through policy instruments containing policies that throughstrategic rearrangement can achieve different results. Future research should furtherconsider the implications of applying current international adaptation instruments towider portfolios to assess the possibilities of creating a mechanism for mainstreamingadaptation within the current political constrains.
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Lindner, André. "Understanding Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies of Andean People: International Network on Climate Change: Project Results & Proceedings of Summer-School 2012." Technische Universität Dresden, 2013. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26750.
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This publication summarizes the main results of the INCAProject during 2011/2012 and the contributions to the according INCA-Summer-School, which took place from September 19th – September 27th 2012 at the Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Institute of International Forestry and Forest Products, Professorship of Tropical Forestry in Tharandt, Germany.:AN INTERNATIONAL NETWORK ON CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON SMALL FARMERS IN THE TROPICAL ANDES – GLOBAL CONVENTIONS FROM A LOCAL PERSPECTIVE S. 1
1. Introduction S. 2
2. The concept of an International Network on Climate Change S. 5
3. The outlook on an endogenous approach S. 9
4. References S. 12
ADAPTATION MEASURES S. 17
Adaptation strategies of Andean campesinos to cope with the climatic variability – Examples from the Mantaro Valley, Peru S. 18
A socio-economic analysis of livelihood strategies in rural forest depending communities in lowland Bolivia under a changing climate S. 20
Who knows what and why? Intra-cultural knowledge variation of agroforestry plants S. 21
Traditional ecological knowledge, resilience and food security: local strategies in three communities in the Yungas ecosystem, La Paz, Bolivia S. 22
Influence of agroforestry systems in risk reduction and climate change adaptation in the Peruvian Andes S. 24
Assessing adaptation to climate change: Environmental and socio-economic changes in the Andes of Bolivia S. 26
Adaptive capacity of rural communities to climate change in the bio-cultural system of the Andes, Bolivia S. 28
Socio-economic analysis of farm-forestry systems: Case studies from Achamayo and Palcazu watersheds, Peruvian Andes S. 29
MONITORING AND MODELING LAND USE CHANGE S.33
Modeling and forecast of changes in land-use and land-cover caused by climate change in the Peruvian Andes S. 34
Land-use and land-cover change in Cotapata National Park – Natural integrated management area, Bolivia S. 37
Monitoring and analyzing land-use / land-cover changes using remote sensing and GIS in the Achamayo and Shullcas region, Peruvian Andes S. 39
Climate change and land-use in the Bolivian Andes S. 41
Modeling the adaptation strategies of farmers of the Andes against climate change and the related development of land-use / land-cover S. 43
MANAGEMENT OF A CHANGING LANDSCAPE S. 45
Evaluating the strategies for the management of biophysical resources in farm communities of the Mantaro Valley, Central Andes of Peru S. 46
Participative planning, monitoring and evaluation system in bio-cultural local communities S. 50
The monitoring program in Apolobamba protected area S. 51
Progress in the diagnosis of biodiversity vulnerability to climate change in Bolivia S. 52
Sectoral program of adaptation to climate change of biodiversity and ecosystems S. 53
DEFORESTATION AND CLIMATE CHANGE S. 55
Possible interactions between climate projections and deforestation scenarios in Bolivia S. 56
Transport and possible climate impacts of aerosols from biomass burning from the Amazon to the Bolivian Andes S. 56
Transboundary air pollution in southern Amazon of Peru S. 57
SUMMARY S. 59
Challenges presented by climate change in the Andean region: Land-use cover change and adaptive response of small farmers S. 60
List of participants and additional information S. 62
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Forti, Marc Gonzalez. "Identification of climate mitigation and adaptation measures to improve the resilience and the energy efficiency of Athens : Case study of 5 selected public buildings." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286204.
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Climate change effects are getting more evident year by year. Athens is specially affected by climate change related shocks, especially by poor air quality, flooding and heat waves. Every year climate shocks threatens and worsens the situation in the city. The municipality of Athens, together with the European Investment Bank and EQO-NIXUS (consulting company) have undertaken a project in order to increase the resilience and the mitigation and adaptation measures of the city, taking as case study 5 public buildings located in different areas of the centre of the city. This project is in line with the Athens Resilience Strategy drawn by the Municipality of Athens in order to integrate new ways to prepare and protect the city from future shocks and stresses. This study aims to investigate and propose mitigation and adaptation measures that could be potentially applied into the 5 selected public buildings in order to improve the energy efficiency and the resilience towards heat waves, flooding and pollution of the air. A literature review study has been performed in order to look for good practices worldwide in terms of energy efficiency and climate mitigation and adaptation in order to find the best measures that could be applied in the 5 selected buildings. Finally, a multi-criteria decision analysis has been executed to prioritise which measures result to be more relevant for each specific building. The study shows that, in overall, energy efficiency and raise of public awareness are the most relevant measures that can be potentially applied in the buildings in order to tackle the climate shocks that threatens Athens. Finally, if the measures are applied into the buildings and the resilience and energy efficiency measures are improved, this study could be replicated to other buildings of Athens in order to achieve the 2030 strategy plan set by the municipality of Athens.Effekterna av klimatförändringen blir alltmer tydliga. Greklands huvudstad Aten påverkas exempelvis av försämrad luftkvalitet, översvämningar och värmeböljor och extrema klimatrelaterade händelser förvärrar situationen i staden. Atens kommun har tillsammans med Europeiska investeringsbanken och EQO-NIXUS (ett privat konsultföretag) genomfört ett projekt för att öka motståndskraften mot klimatförändringens effekter, genom anpassningsåtgärder, där fem offentliga byggnader i olika delar av Atens centrum studeras. Projektet är relaterat till Atens resiliensstrategi som handlar om hur staden ska integrera nya sätt förbereda och skydda staden och dess invånare från framtida extrema händelser och påfrestningar. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka och föreslå anpassningsåtgärder som potentiellt kan tillämpas i de fem olika offentliga byggnaderna för att förbättra energieffektiviteten och resiliensen mot värmeböljor, översvämningar och luftföroreningar. En litteraturstudie har genomförts för att identifiera globala, goda exempel när det gäller energieffektivitet och anpassning till ett förändrat klimat som potentiellt kan tillämpas i de fem byggnaderna. Slutligen har en multikriterieanalys med flera kriterier genomförts för att prioritera vilka åtgärder som är mest relevanta för varje specifik byggnad. Studien visar att energieffektivitet och ökning av allmänhetens medvetenhet totalt sett är de mest relevanta åtgärderna som potentiellt kan tillämpas i byggnaderna för att hantera klimatförändringar. Slutligen, om dessa åtgärder tillämpas och resiliensen och energieffektivitetsåtgärderna förbättras, skulle denna studie kunna vara relevant även för andra byggnader i Aten och därmed bidra till uppfyllelsen av stadens 2030-strategi.
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Baier, Camilla. "Integration of ecosystem-based adaptation measures in urban planning : Insights from Copenhagen and Malmö." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284343.
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A key challenge for sustainable urban development is to deal with the effects of climate change. To approach this issue, ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA), i.e. the use of ecosystem services for climate adaptation, has been promoted by both scholars and practitioners. In this context, the thesis addresses two research questions: how EbA is included in strategic climate adaptation planning and how EbA is implemented in practice. To tackle these topics, the study uses a multiple case study design, where the process from strategic planning to its implementation is investigated in two Northern European cities: Copenhagen and Malmö. To collect in-depth data, qualitative methods were used: a document analysis and semi-structured interviews with planning officials were conducted. The findings of the study show that there is a high degree of awareness of the different EbA measures, their potential role to address climate change effects and their co-benefits in climate adaptation plans. However, the practical implementation of the plans was executed only at a project-based scale to address some climate change impacts rather than holistically and on a regional level. The main EbA measure that was used was the expansion and transformation of public green space. The thesis concludes that a more comprehensive approach concerning the use of EbA is needed and further mainstreaming is highly required.En viktig utmaning för hållbar stadsutveckling är att adressera effekterna av de stundande klimatförändringar. För att ta sig an denna fråga har användningen av ekosystembaserad anpassning (EbA), dvs. användningen av ekosystemtjänster för klimatanpassning, främjats av både forskare och utövare. I detta sammanhang behandlar studien två forskningsfrågor: hur EbA ingår i strategisk klimatanpassningsplanering och hur EbA implementeras i praktiken. Studien innehåller en fallstudie- design, där processen från strategisk planering till dess genomförande undersöks i två nordeuropeiska städer: Köpenhamn och Malmö. För att samla in data användes två kvalitativa metoder: en dokumentanalys och semistrukturerade intervjuer med tjänstepersoner på kommuner. Resultaten från studien visar att det finns en hög grad av medvetenhet om de olika EbA åtgärderna, deras potentiella roll för att hantera klimatförändringseffekter och deras synergier i klimatanpassningsplaner. Det praktiska genomförandet av planerna utfördes endast i en projektbaserad skala för att ta med vissa klimatförändringseffekter snarare än på ett holistiskt vis och på en större regional nivå. Den viktigaste EbA åtgärden som användes var utbyggnaden eller omvandlingen av de offentliga grönytorna. Sammanfattningsvis har studien visat på att det finns behov av ett mer heltäckande tillvägagångssätt och ytterligare integrering beträffande användandet av EbA krävs.
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Girard, Corentin Denis Pierre. "Integrating top-down and bottom-up approaches to design a cost-effective and equitable programme of measures for adaptation of a river basin to global change." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/59461.
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[EN] Adaptation to the multiple facets of global change challenges the conventional means of sustainably planning and managing water resources at the river basin scale. Numerous demand or supply management options are available, from which adaptation measures need to be selected in a context of high uncertainty of future conditions. Given the interdependency of water users, agreements need to be found at the local level to implement the most effective adaptation measures. Therefore, this thesis develops an approach combining economics and water resources engineering to select a cost-effective programme of adaptation measures in the context of climate change uncertainty, and to define an equitable allocation of the cost of the adaptation plan between the stakeholders involved.
A framework is developed to integrate inputs from the two main approaches commonly used to plan for adaptation. The first, referred to as "top-down", consists of a modelling chain going from global greenhouse gases emission scenarios to local hydrological models used to assess the impact of climate change on water resources. Conversely, the second approach, called "bottom-up", starts from assessing vulnerability at the local level to then identify adaptation measures used to face an uncertain future.
Outcomes from these two approaches are integrated to select a cost-effective combination of adaptation measures through a least-cost optimization model developed at the river basin scale. The model is then used to investigate the trade-offs between different planning objectives defined in terms of environmental flow requirements, irrigated agriculture development, and the cost of the programme of measures. The performances of a programme of measures are finally assessed under different climate projections to identify robust and least-regret adaptation measures.
The issue of allocating the cost of the adaptation plan is considered through two complementary perspectives. The outcome of a negotiation process between the stakeholders is modelled through the implementation of cooperative game theory to define cost allocation scenarios. These results are compared with cost allocation rules based on social justice principles to provide contrasted insights into a negotiation process.
This innovative framework has been applied in a Mediterranean case study in the Orb River basin (France). Mid-term climate projections, downscaled from 9 General Climate Models, are used to assess the uncertainty associated with climate projections. Demand evolution scenarios have been developed to project agricultural and urban water demands on the 2030 time horizon. The least-cost river basin optimization model developed in GAMS allows the cost-effective selection of a programme of measures from a catalogue of 462 supply and demand management measures. Nine cost allocation scenarios based on different social justice principles have been discussed through face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 15 key informants and compared with solution concepts from cooperative game theory for a 3-player game defined at the river basin scale.
The interdisciplinary framework developed in this thesis combines economics and water resources engineering methods, establishing a promising means of bridging the gap between bottom-up and top-down approaches and supporting the creation of cost-effective and equitable adaptation plans at the local level.[ES] La adaptación a los múltiples aspectos del cambio global supone un reto para los enfoques convencionales de planificación y gestión sostenible de los recursos hídricos a escala de cuenca. Numerosas opciones de gestión de la demanda o de la oferta están disponibles, de entre las cuales es necesario seleccionar medidas de adaptación en un contexto de elevada incertidumbre sobre las condiciones futuras. Dadas las interdependencias existentes entre los usuarios del agua a nivel local, hace falta buscar acuerdos a escala de cuenca para implementar las medidas de adaptación más eficaces. Por este motivo, esta tesis desarrolla una metodología que, combinando economía e ingeniería de los recursos hídricos, busca seleccionar un programa de medidas coste-eficaz frente a las incertidumbres del cambio climático, y asimismo definir un reparto justo del coste de la adaptación entre los actores implicados. El marco metodológico ha sido desarrollado para integrar contribuciones de los dos principales enfoques utilizados para la planificación de la adaptación. El primero, denominado descendente ("top-down"), consiste en una cadena de modelación que va desde los escenarios de emisiones de gases efecto invernadero a nivel global hasta los modelos hidrológicos utilizados a nivel local para evaluar así el impacto del cambio climático sobre los recursos hídricos. Por el contrario, el segundo enfoque denominado ascendente ("bottom-up") empieza por evaluar la vulnerabilidad del sistema a nivel local para después identificar medidas de adaptación frente a un futuro incierto. Los resultados de los métodos mencionados previamente se han integrado con el fin de seleccionar una combinación coste-eficaz de medidas de adaptación a través de un modelo de optimización a menor coste a escala de cuenca. El modelo se utiliza para investigar las soluciones de compromiso ("trade-offs") entre diversos objetivos de planificación como son los caudales ecológicos necesarios, el desarrollo del regadío y el coste del programa de medidas. Seguidamente, se han evaluado los programas de adaptación frente a varias condiciones climáticas para definir así un programa de medidas robusto y de arrepentimiento mínimo frente al cambio climático. En la última parte se aborda el problema del reparto justo de los costes del plan de adaptación, entendiendo que esto es una manera de favorecer su implementación. Para ello, se han modelado los resultados de un proceso de negociación entre los diferentes actores mediante escenarios de reparto basados en la teoría de juegos cooperativos. Posteriormente, se han comparado estos resultados con otras reglas de reparto de costes basadas en principios de justicia social, proporcionando así un punto de vista diferente al proceso de negociación. Este novedoso enfoque ha sido aplicado a una cuenca mediterránea, la cuenca del rio Orb (Francia). Para ello, se han empleado proyecciones climáticas a medio-plazo de datos reescalados de 9 Modelos de Circulación Global. Además, se han desarrollado escenarios de evolución de la demanda en los sectores urbano y agrícola para el horizonte de planificación de 2030. El modelo de optimización a menor coste a escala de cuenca desarrollado en GAMS permite seleccionar un programa de medidas, de entre las 462 medidas de gestión de la oferta o de la demanda. Nueve escenarios de reparto de costes basados en diferentes principios de justicia social han sido debatidos con informantes clave mediante entrevistas y comparados con conceptos de solución de la teoría de juegos cooperativos, considerando un juego de 3 jugadores a escala de cuenca. El marco interdisciplinario desarrollado durante esta tesis combina métodos de economía y de ingeniería de los recursos hídricos de manera prometedora y permite integrar los enfoques "top-down" y "bottom-up", contribuyendo a definir un plan de adaptación coste-eficaz y justo a nivel local.
[CAT] L'adaptació als múltiples aspectes del canvi global implica un repte per als enfocaments convencionals de planificació i gestió sostenible dels recursos hídrics a escala de conca. Existeixen nombroses opcions de gestió de la demanda y de la oferta. De entre elles, cal seleccionar mesures d'adaptació en un context d'incertesa elevada sobre les condicions futures. Donades les interaccions entre els usuaris de l'aigua a nivell local, és necessari buscar acords a escala de conca per tal d'implementar les mesures d'adaptació més eficaces. Per aquest motiu, la tesi desenvolupa una metodologia que, mitjançant la combinació d'economia i enginyeria dels recursos hídrics, siga adient per seleccionar un programa de mesures cost-eficaç per a fer front a les incerteses del canvi climàtic i, a més a més, definir un repartiment just del cost d'adaptació entre els actors implicats. El marc metodològic ha estat desenvolupat amb el fi de permetre integrar contribucions del principals enfocaments que s'utilitzen per a la planificació de l'adaptació. El primer, que es denomina descendent ("top-down"), consisteix a una cadena de modelació que va des dels escenaris d'emissions de gas d'efecte hivernacle a nivell global fins als models hidrològics a nivell local per avaluar l'impacte del canvi climàtic sobre els recursos hídrics. Per contra, el segon enfocament, que es denomina ascendent ("bottom-up"), comença per avaluar la vulnerabilitat del sistema a nivell local per a tot seguit identificar mesures d'adaptació de cara a un futur incert. Els resultats del mètodes esmentats prèviament, s'han integrat per a seleccionar una combinació de mesures d'adaptació cost-eficaç mitjançant un model d'optimització a menor cost a escala de conca. El model s'utilitza per investigar les solucions de compromís ("trade-offs") entre els diversos objectius de planificació, com són els cabals ecològics necessaris, el desenvolupament del regadiu i el cost del programa de mesures. A continuació, s'avaluen els programes d'adaptació per a varies condicions climàtiques amb el fi de definir un programa de mesures robust i de penediment mínim per a fer front al canvi climàtic. En la darrera part, s'escomet el problema del repartiment just dels costs del pla d'adaptació, considerant que això és una manera de facilitar la implementació del pla. En conseqüència, els resultats d'un procés de negociació entre els diferents actors han estat modelats mitjançant escenaris de repartiment basats en la teoria de jocs cooperatius. Tot seguit, els resultats s'han comparat amb altres regles de repartiment de costos basades en principis de justícia social. Això ha proporcionat un punt de vista diferent al procés de negociació. Aquest enfocament innovador s'ha aplicat a una conca mediterrània, la conca del riu Orb (França). Amb aquesta finalitat s'han utilitzat projeccions climàtiques a mig termini de dades reescalades de 9 Models de Circulació Global (MCG). A més a més, s'han desenvolupat escenaris d'evolució de la demanada en els sectors agrícola i urbà per a l'horitzó de planificació de 2030. El model d'optimització a menor cost a escala de conca desenvolupat en GAMS permet seleccionar un programa de mesures, de entre les 462 mesures de gestió de la oferta o de la demanda. Els nou escenaris de repartiment de costs han estat debatuts amb informants clau, mitjançant entrevistes, i comparats amb conceptes de solució de la teoria de jocs cooperatius, considerant un joc de 3 jugadors a escala de conca. El marc interdisciplinari desenvolupat al llarg de la tesi combina mètodes d'economia i d'enginyeria dels recursos hídrics de manera prometedora i permet la integració d'enfocaments "top-down" i "bottom-up", fet que contribueix a definir un pla d'adaptació cost-eficaç i just a escala local.
Girard, CDP. (2015). Integrating top-down and bottom-up approaches to design a cost-effective and equitable programme of measures for adaptation of a river basin to global change [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/59461
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Skůpová, Jana. "Udržitelnost produkční schopnosti území v závislosti na klimatickém suchu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265463.
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In this work, I dealt with the repercussion of drought on agriculture and land in the cadastral Jinošov. For this area, I analyzed the erosion and ratio of outflow. I also conducted a proposal of adaptation measures against erosion and water retention in the area. In conclusion, I analyzed withholding data and assessed the retention before and after the proposal of adaptation measures. The result of my work is finding that rainfall is inadequate and largely come out of the growing season, that despite all the measures fail to create on the necessary retention for the correct functioning of the landscape. Therefore it is necessary to solve water supply from other areas where is sufficient supply of water.
Books on the topic "960301 Climate Change Adaptation Measures"
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Schmidt-Thomé, Philipp, Thi Ha Nguyen, Thanh Long Pham, Jaana Jarva, and Kristiina Nuottimäki. Climate Change Adaptation Measures in Vietnam. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12346-2.
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(Organization), Tebtebba, ed. Knowledge, innovation & resilience: Indigenous peoples' climate change adaptation & mitigation measures. Baguio City, Philippines: Tebtebba Foundation, 2012.
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African Technology Policy Studies Network, ed. Climate change and adaptation measures in northern Nigeria: Empirical situation and policy implications. Nairobi, Kenya: African Technology Policy Studies Network, 2011.
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Perez, Pat R. Potential impacts of climate change on California's energy infrastructure and identification of adaptation measures: Staff paper. Sacramento: California Energy Commission, 2009.
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Sighel, Maria-Caterina, and Ewa Bogdanowicz. Działania w kierunku łagodzenia zmian klimatu i adaptacji do tych zmian z perspektywy zarządzania: Mitigation/adaptation measures and strategies in a governance perpective. Warszawa: Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, 2013.
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Eastin, Joshua, and Kendra Dupuy, eds. Gender, climate change and livelihoods: vulnerabilities and adaptations. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247053.0000.
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Abstract This book applies a gender lens to examine the implications of climate change for livelihoods in vulnerable states. The goals are to enhance awareness of climate change as a gender issue, and to highlight the importance of gender in identifying livelihood vulnerabilities and in designing more robust climate adaptation measures, especially in climate-sensitive industries such as agriculture. The contributions in this book examine how the consequences of climate change affect women and men in different ways, and address the implications of climate change for women's livelihoods and resource access. The book is organized into two main sections. The first section (Chapters 2-8) examines disparities in the vulnerability of women's and men's livelihoods to climate change. The chapters in this section address issues such as gender inequalities in the household distribution of labour; differential access to agricultural livelihood inputs and assets; gender-based threats to personal safety and security; and gendered vulnerability to and experiences with climate disasters, food insecurity, and infrastructure development. The second section (chapters 9-16) takes a gender-based view of various climate adaptation initiatives in areas that rely on agriculture for subsistence and production. The contributions in this section address gender-inclusive participation in climate policy planning and decision making, the role of gender in livelihood adaptation measures, and any successes, failures, or opportunities for improvement that emerge from these efforts.
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Silva, C. Shanthi De. A method for forecasting the effects of climate change on groundwater resources in Sri Lanka in the 2050s and for identifying possible adaptation measures. [Nugegoda]: The Open University of Sri Lanka, 2010.
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Agafonov, Vyacheslav, Sergey Bogolyubov, Liya Vasil'eva, Galina Vyphanova, Dmitriy Gorohov, Natal'ya Zhavoronkova, Inna Ignat'eva, et al. Sources of environmental law. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1913253.
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The monograph summarizes new relevant materials and topics. The study of the sources (forms) of environmental and natural resource law, legislation on environmental assessment and environmental control (supervision), provisions of land and other codes as forms of law, mechanisms for regulating environmental management, as well as the evolution of sources of law in the field of agriculture.
The complex nature of environmental law is demonstrated, the constitutional, legislative, and political foundations of environmental development, the unified state environmental policy of the Russian Federation and a number of foreign states are outlined. The genesis and systematization of forms of atmospheric air protection, specially protected natural territories of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan, legal regulation of waste management, international and national measures of adaptation to climate change are reflected.
The legislation on land reclamation, land management, subsoil use, forest management, water use, fishing and conservation of aquatic biological resources in the system of sources of environmental law is analyzed; the issues of intersectoral communication of environmental, urban planning, information, energy, civil legislation and law are considered.
Examples from the field of law enforcement are given. The idea of ecologization of sources (forms), institutions, categories, norms of branches of Russian law is being developed.
For lawyers — scientists and practitioners, teachers, postgraduates, masters, law students, and other specialists interested in the theory and practice of lawmaking and the application of environmental law.
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Schmidt-Thomé, Philipp. Climate Change Adaptation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.635.
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Climate change adaptation is the ability of a society or a natural system to adjust to the (changing) conditions that support life in a certain climate region, including weather extremes in that region. The current discussion on climate change adaptation began in the 1990s, with the publication of the Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Since the beginning of the 21st century, most countries, and many regions and municipalities have started to develop and implement climate change adaptation strategies and plans. But since the implementation of adaptation measures must be planned and conducted at the local level, a major challenge is to actually implement adaptation to climate change in practice. One challenge is that scientific results are mainly published on international or national levels, and political guidelines are written at transnational (e.g., European Union), national, or regional levels—these scientific results must be downscaled, interpreted, and adapted to local municipal or community levels. Needless to say, the challenges for implementation are also rooted in a large number of uncertainties, from long time spans to matters of scale, as well as in economic, political, and social interests. From a human perspective, climate change impacts occur rather slowly, while local decision makers are engaged with daily business over much shorter time spans.Among the obstacles to implementing adaptation measures to climate change are three major groups of uncertainties: (a) the uncertainties surrounding the development of our future climate, which include the exact climate sensitivity of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, the reliability of emission scenarios and underlying storylines, and inherent uncertainties in climate models; (b) uncertainties about anthropogenically induced climate change impacts (e.g., long-term sea level changes, changing weather patterns, and extreme events); and (c) uncertainties about the future development of socioeconomic and political structures as well as legislative frameworks.Besides slow changes, such as changing sea levels and vegetation zones, extreme events (natural hazards) are a factor of major importance. Many societies and their socioeconomic systems are not properly adapted to their current climate zones (e.g., intensive agriculture in dry zones) or to extreme events (e.g., housing built in flood-prone areas). Adaptation measures can be successful only by gaining common societal agreement on their necessity and overall benefit. Ideally, climate change adaptation measures are combined with disaster risk reduction measures to enhance resilience on short, medium, and long time scales.The role of uncertainties and time horizons is addressed by developing climate change adaptation measures on community level and in close cooperation with local actors and stakeholders, focusing on strengthening resilience by addressing current and emerging vulnerability patterns. Successful adaptation measures are usually achieved by developing “no-regret” measures, in other words—measures that have at least one function of immediate social and/or economic benefit as well as long-term, future benefits. To identify socially acceptable and financially viable adaptation measures successfully, it is useful to employ participatory tools that give all involved parties and decision makers the possibility to engage in the process of identifying adaptation measures that best fit collective needs.
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Climate Change Adaptation Measures in Vietnam: Development and Implementation. Springer, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "960301 Climate Change Adaptation Measures"
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Schmidt-Thome, Philipp, Thi Ha Nguyen, Thanh Long Pham, Jaana Jarva, and Kristiina Nuottimäki. "Climate Change Adaptation Measures." In SpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences, 79–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12346-2_6.
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Baghban, Sahar, Omid Bozorg-Haddad, Ronny Berndtsson, Mike Hobbins, and Nadhir Al-Ansari. "Mitigation and Adaptation Measures." In Climate Change in Sustainable Water Resources Management, 331–60. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1898-8_9.
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Punsalmaa, Batimaa, Bolormaa Buyndalai, and Batnasan Nyamsuren. "Adaptation measures to climate change in the Mongolian livestock sector." In Climate Adaptation Futures, 279–83. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118529577.ch26.
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Stanišić, Mirjana, and Nenad Ranković. "Forest-Based Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Measures." In Climate Action, 528–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95885-9_70.
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Barton, Jonathan, Jordan Harris, and Kerstin Krellenberg. "Developing Climate Change Adaptation Measures in a Participatory Process: Roundtable Meetings." In Climate Adaptation Santiago, 157–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39103-3_9.
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Scholer, Marie, and Pamela Schuermans. "Climate Change Adaptation in Insurance." In Springer Climate, 187–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86211-4_22.
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AbstractIn this paper, we show three examples of how insurers can contribute to climate change adaptation, through insurers’ underwriting and pricing practice. In the context of climate change, there is a clear need to go beyond traditional risk transfer products. Including risk reduction measures in an insurance product has the advantage of helping to better adapt to climate change by not only transferring the risk but by directly reducing avoidable damages when an event strikes, which as a result contributes to build a more resilient society.
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Kind, Christian, Andreas Vetter, and Rupert Wronski. "Development and Application of Good Practice Criteria for Evaluating Adaptation Measures." In Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40455-9_20-2.
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Kind, Christian, Andreas Vetter, and Rupert Wronski. "Development and Application of Good Practice Good practice Criteria for Evaluating Adaptation Measures." In Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 297–317. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38670-1_20.
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Iorns Magallanes, Catherine, Vanessa James, and Thomas Stuart. "Courts as Decision-Makers on Sea Level Rise Adaptation Measures: Lessons from New Zealand." In Climate Change Management, 315–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70703-7_17.
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Aparicio-Effen, Marilyn, James Aparicio, Cinthya Ramallo, Mauricio Ocampo, and Gustavo J. Nagy. "A Novel Transdisciplinary Methodology and Experience to Guide Climate Change Health Adaptation Plans and Measures." In Climate Change Management, 941–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37425-9_48.
Full textConference papers on the topic "960301 Climate Change Adaptation Measures"
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Halbac-Cotoara-Zamfir, Cristina. "CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION MEASURES FOR RURAL SPACE -THE AGRICULTURAL APPROACH." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/4.2/s19.050.
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Kamran, M., and N. T. S. Wijesekera. "Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Measures in Giritale Reservoir in Polonnaruwa Sri Lanka." In UMCSAWM Water Conference on Demonstrating the strength of water Engineering and Management capability through case study applications. UNESCO Madanjeet Singh Centre for South Asia Water Management, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/umcsawm.18.
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Nemaniute-Guziene, Jolanta, and Justas Kazys. "Climate Change and Lithuanian Roads: Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.138.
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In Lithuania, like in other countries, climate change causes and will cause changes in natural and anthropogenic environment. The entire transport sector will be impacted, influencing the way it plans, designs, constructs and maintains infrastructure in the future. Roads are already sensitive to current climate variability. If today’s extreme weather events become both more frequent and extreme, so too will the level of disruption that they cause. Thus, roads must be adapted to changing climate conditions. The aim is to ensure resilience, to ensure that roads remain open under extreme weather conditions. The easiest and the most effective economically way is to implement adaptation measures for the new or reconstructed roads. But the existing older roads should be adapted also. The steps required to improve and maintain resilience of roads are definition of climate projections, identification of key roads and their vulnerability, identification and research on technologies for adaptation, preparation of methodologies, establishment of field operational trials. The aim of the research is to review Lithuanian roads in the context of climate change and its consequences. Methodology: climate and associated data collection and review, initial prognoses of the change (in short, medium and long term perspective) of meteorological elements, vulnerability assessment of the study area and the roads. Results: initial recommendations for adaptation action planning.
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Gomboev, Bair, Bair Tsydypov, Aleksandr Ayurzhanaev, Svetlana Puntsukova, and Marina Motoshkina. "IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN THE REGIONS OF INNER ASIA." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1696.978-5-317-06490-7/144-148.
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The assessment of ecosystem services of the forest is presented as the most important part of natural resources in the Selenga river basin located in the territory of Inner Asia. The analysis of the dynamics of forest fires, which are one of the consequences of global climate change, is presented. The adaptation measures in the forestry sector to this change are considered.
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BOLLE, ANNELIES, LUCIANA DAS NEVES, LEO DE NOCKER, ALI DASTGHEIB, and KOEN COUDERÉ. "SELECTING STRATEGIC DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION MEASURES ALONG THE COAST OF WEST-AFRICA." In International Conference on Coastal Sediments 2019. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811204487_0095.
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WACHOTSCH, ULRIKE. "IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON TOURISM AREAS IN GERMANY: AN OVERVIEW OF RECOMMENDED ADAPTATION MEASURES AND THEIR COMMUNICATION." In SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 2022. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st220011.
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Tóth, Veronika, and Miriam Šebová. "Climate change awareness and climate-friendly activities: Identifying resident typologies in Košice, Slovakia." In XXIV. mezinárodního kolokvia o regionálních vědách. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9896-2021-68.
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The research focuses on studying climate change awareness and climate-friendly activities among different socioeconomic groups in the city of Košice, Slovakia. Public awareness is a key element when tackling complex issues demanding wide-ranging compliance across sectors and individuals. In order to assess the perceptions and activities related to the climate change, we analyze the data stemming from survey conducted during the last quarter of 2019. Applying latent class cluster analysis to the sample of 368 observations, we were able to identify four types of respondents. These groups differ in the degree of vulnerability to adverse conditions due to climate change. This study sheds light on how different groups of citizens perceive the threat of climate change impacts in their everyday lives and how they act in order to adapt. Such findings can be applied by policymakers at both national and local level when designing and communicating socially just measures reflecting the needs of all major types of citizens. The paper identifies four different groups of residents based on their perceptions of climate change and their activities to adapt. Each group needs to be considered separately when designing adaptation strategy in order not to exacerbate existing socioeconomic inequalities. The findings also point to the need to strengthen municipality's activities in the area of climate change education.
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Rovelli, Valentina, Nadav Pezaro, Ori Segev, Lior Blank, Iftah Sinai, Juha Merilä, Tamar Krugman, Arne Nolte, Alan Templeton, and Leon Blaustein. "Predicting the impact of climate change: genomic measures of local adaptation in the Near Eastern Fire Salamander (Salamandra infraimmaculata)." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107441.
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Baisya, Raja K. "Impact of Climate Change in Agriculture Sector in India and Action Plans." In XIV. International Conference on Logistics in Agriculture 2020. University of Maribor Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-406-4.2.
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Climate change is now a reality. Agriculture in India is likely to suffer losses due to heat, erratic weather and decreased availability of irrigation. Adaptation strategies can help minimize the impact. But that will come at a cost although not still accurately measurable and is likely to be high. This also requires new policy support, research and investment. However, cost of inaction will be still higher. Carbon dioxide level is now about 400 ppm which is likely to increase to about 450 to 600 ppm during 2050 and by 2100 it is likely to go up anything above 500 ppm to 1000 ppm if current situation is allowed to continue. This paper attempts to analyse the impact of climate change on Indian agriculture in terms of decreased productivity to be seen in relation to increase in population. And to counter that impact what are the measures being initiated.
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Tangwa, Elvis, Vit Voženílek, Jan Brus, and Vilem Pechanec. "CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE AGRICULTURAL POTENTIAL OF SELECTED LEGUME CROPS IN EAST AFRICA." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b1/v2/02.
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Land expansion to increase agricultural production in East Africa (Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda) will be limited by climate change. In this study, we predict landscape suitability for chickpea (Cicer arietinum), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), lentil (Lens culinaris), field pea (Pisum sativum) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) cultivated across diverse agro-ecological zones (AEZs) in East Africa from 1970 to 2070, under the 4.5 emission scenario. Our aim was to understand how suitability shifts among the AEZs might affect the agricultural potential of the selected crops. We use the geolocations of each crop together with response curves from the species distribution software, Maxent to fine-tune the expert based EcoCrop model to the prevailing climatic conditions in the study region. Our optimal precipitation and temperature ranges compared reasonably with the FAO base parameters, deviating by ±200mm and ±5oC, respectively. There is currently a high potential for lentil, pea and common bean in the region. However, under future climates, the suitability of common bean and lentil with a much narrow climate range will shrink considerably while pigeon pea and chickpea will continue to be suitable. Under projected climatic conditions, the agricultural potential of these legumes will be limited by drought or heat stress as landscape suitability will shift optimally toward the cool sub-humid (tcsh), and the cool semi-arid (tcsa) zones. Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda will be the most affected and will lose a large share of suitable arable land. Different adaptation measures will be needed to increase the agricultural potential and optimized production in vulnerable AEZs. In general, smallholder farmers will have to substitute lentil and common bean for chickpea and pigeon pea or other suitable substitutes to address food security issues. Notwithstanding the limitations of this study, our results highlight the vulnerability of legumes crops as well as their production zones which could be useful in the formulation of adaptation strategies for the East African region.
Reports on the topic "960301 Climate Change Adaptation Measures"
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Marcos Morezuelas, Paloma. Gender, Forests and Climate Change. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003072.
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As users of forest products and guardians of traditional knowledge, women have always been involved in forestry. Nevertheless, their access to forest resources and benefits and participation in forest management is limited compared to mens despite the fact that trees are more important to women, who depend on them for their families food security, income generation and cooking fuel. This guide aims to facilitate the incorporation of a gender lens in climate change mitigation and adaptation operations in forests, with special attention to those framed in REDD. This guide addresses four themes value chains, environmental payment schemes, firewood and biodiversity that relate directly to 1) how climate change impacts affect women in the forest and 2) how mitigation and adaptation measures affect womens access to resources and benefits distribution.
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Macura, Biljana, Nella Canales, Inès Bakhtaoui, Richard Taylor, Elvine Kwamboka, Rocio Diaz-Chavez, Fedra Vanhuyse, et al. Effectiveness of climate change adaptation interventions in sub-Saharan Africa and the impact of funding modalities: a mixed methods systematic review protocol. Stockholm Environment Institute, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.021.
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International climate finance plays a key role in enabling the implementation of adaptation measures. However, while there is a common metric for gauging the effectiveness of finance for mitigation – greenhouse gas emission reduction per unit of funding – no corresponding metric exists for adaptation. Instead, assessments of what works best in adaptation finance focus either on procedural aspects of funding modalities, such as equity in the allocation of funding, or on the extent to which specific adaptation activities produce the desired results. This mixed methods systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of adaptation finance and bridge the gap between those two approaches. It involves a transparent and comprehensive synthesis of the academic and grey literature on how different characteristics of adaptation projects in sub-Saharan Africa – and finance for those projects – affect adaptation outcomes, particularly in terms of risk and vulnerability to climate change impacts. Finalised adaptation projects funded by a set of the multilateral climate funds and two bilateral donors (United Kingdom and Sweden) are the focus of this review. The findings can help inform the future design and implementation of adaptation activities as well as funding decisions.
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Price, Roz. Metrics and Indicators to Assess Adaptation. Institute of Development Studies, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.050.
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The field of climate change adaptation metrics is complex and fast-changing. Given the highly contextual nature of adaptation and the array of applied definitions of adaptation and “success”, there is no single global set of adaptation metrics and indicators or definition of adaptation success. There is a burgeoning literature on the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA), how to measure it and adaptation metrics. However, the landscape is scattered and the subject is very complex. Climate impacts and the effects of adaptation measures themselves spill across national borders, although adaptation is still treated as a largely domestic issue despite the global rhetoric of the GGA. This makes an aggregate global goal extremely technically challenging and tracing the plethora of existing indicators and metrics difficult. Furthermore, there is relatively few specific literature directly on the topic of global measurement of adaptation. This rapid review provides information on some of the metrics and measurement approaches in use across national and sub-national government levels. It gives a brief discussion of the issues around measuring the GGA, flags some key resources in this area and also touches on some initiatives and guidance aimed at helping users to select metrics. This is not a systematic review and given the time limitations and the number of adaptation metrics approaches in use, it is only able to provide a small snapshot of current research.
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Gregow, Hilppa, Antti Mäkelä, Heikki Tuomenvirta, Sirkku Juhola, Janina Käyhkö, Adriaan Perrels, Eeva Kuntsi-Reunanen, et al. Ilmastonmuutokseen sopeutumisen ohjauskeinot, kustannukset ja alueelliset ulottuvuudet. Suomen ilmastopaneeli, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31885/9789527457047.
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The new EU strategy on adaptation to climate change highlights the urgency of adaptation measures while bringing forth adaptation as vitally important as a response to climate change as mitigation. In order to provide information on how adaptation to climate change has been promoted in Finland and what calls for attention next, we have compiled a comprehensive information package focusing on the following themes: adaptation policy, impacts of climate change including economic impacts, regional adaptation strategies, climate and flood risks in regions and sea areas, and the availability of scientific data. This report consists of two parts. Part 1 of the report examines the work carried out on adaptation in Finland and internationally since 2005, emphasising the directions and priorities of recent research results. The possibilities of adaptation governance are examined through examples, such as how adaptations steering is organised in of the United Kingdom. We also examine other examples and describe the Canadian Climate Change Adaptation Platform (CCAP) model. We apply current information to describe the economic impacts of climate change and highlight the related needs for further information. With regard to regional climate strategy work, we examine the status of adaptation plans by region and the status of the Sámi in national adaptation work. In part 2 of the report, we have collected information on the temporal and local impacts of climate change and compiled extensive tables on changes in weather, climate and marine factors for each of Finland's current regions, the autonomous Åland Islands and five sea areas, the eastern Gulf of Finland, the western Gulf of Finland, the Archipelago Sea, the Bothnian Sea and the Bay of Bothnia. As regards changes in weather and climate factors, the changes already observed in 1991-2020 are examined compared to 1981-2010 and future changes until 2050 are described. For weather and climate factors, we examine average temperature, precipitation, thermal season duration, highest and lowest temperatures per day, the number of frost days, the depth and prevalence of snow, the intensity of heavy rainfall, relative humidity, wind speed, and the amount of frost per season (winter, spring, summer, autumn). Flood risks, i.e. water system floods, run-off water floods and sea water floods, are discussed from the perspective of catchment areas by region. The impacts of floods on the sea in terms of pollution are also assessed by sea area, especially for coastal areas. With regard to marine change factors, we examine surface temperature, salinity, medium water level, sea flood risk, waves, and sea ice. We also describe combined risks towards sea areas. With this report, we demonstrate what is known about climate change adaptation, what is not, and what calls for particular attention. The results can be utilised to strengthen Finland's climate policy so that the implementation of climate change adaptation is strengthened alongside climate change mitigation efforts. In practice, the report serves the reform of the National Climate Change Adaptation Plan and the development of steering measures for adaptation to climate change both nationally and regionally. Due to its scale, the report also serves e.g. the United Nations’ aim of protecting marine life in the Baltic Sea and the national implementation of the EU strategy for adaptation to climate change. As a whole, the implementation of adaptation policy in Finland must be speeded up swiftly in order to achieve the objectives set and ensure sufficient progress in adaptation in different sectors. The development of binding regulation and the systematic evaluation, monitoring and support of voluntary measures play a key role.
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Grunwaldt, Alfred, Marie-Lena Glass, and Nancy McCarthy. Identification of Climate Resilience Opportunities and Metrics in Financing Operations: A Technical Reference Document for IDB Project Teams. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003432.
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As development financiers strive to implement climate adaptation measures that are effective and consistent with countries climate-resilient development pathways in line with the Paris Agreement, there is an urgent and increasing need to reduce vulnerability to climate variability and climate change, ensure that development operations are climate-resilient, particularly promote development operations that build climate resilience, and to monitor and evaluate the success of these measures. Given this need, the objective of this document is to provide a general conceptual framework to guide IDB project teams from different sectors in how to identify climate resilience opportunities and define indicators at the project level that will facilitate the monitoring and assessment of climate resilience results. With the conceptual framework presented in this document, the IDB aims to (1) lay the conceptual foundations to seize climate resilience opportunities in development projects by presenting definitions and examples for climate resilience elements and capacities as a basis for a conceptual climate resilience metrics framework and (2) guide sectorial specialists in identifying output and outcome indicators to monitor climate resilience results at the project level and to later evaluate the effectiveness of implemented adaptation and climate resilience activities.
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Price, Roz. Access to Climate Finance by Women and Marginalised Groups in the Global South. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.083.
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This paper examines the issue of management of climate finance in the Global South. It acknowledges the efforts made by the various stakeholders so far but seeks to advance a clarion call for a more inclusive and targeted approach in dealing with climate change. The authors highlight the limited role played by least developed countries and small island developing states in contributing to the conversation on climate change. The authors emphasize the need for enhancing the role of the most vulnerable countries, marginalized groups, and indigenous peoples in the management of climate change. This rapid review focusses on the access to the Green Climate Fund by local civil society organisations (CSOs), indigenous peoples, and women organizations within the Global South. The authors observe that there still exist barriers to climate finance by local actors in the Global South. The authors note the need for more significant engagement of all local actors and the need to devolve climate finance to the lowest level possible to the most vulnerable groups. Particularly, climate finance should take into consideration gender equality in any mitigation measures. The paper also highlights the benefits of engaging CSOs in the engagement of climate finance. The paper argues that local actors have the potential to deliver more targeted, context-relevant, and appropriate climate adaptation outcomes. This can be attributed to the growing movement for locally-led adaptation, a new paradigm where decisions over how, when, and where to adapt are led by communities and local actors. There is also a need to build capacities and strengthen institutions and organisations. Further, it is important to ensure transparency and equitable use and allocation of climate finance by all players.
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Sett, Dominic, Florian Waldschmidt, Alvaro Rojas-Ferreira, Saut Sagala, Teresa Arce Mojica, Preeti Koirala, Patrick Sanady, et al. Climate and disaster risk analytics tool for adaptive social protection. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/wnsg2302.
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Adaptive Social Protection (ASP) as discussed in this report is an approach to enhance the well-being of communities at risk. As an integrated approach, ASP builds on the interface of Disaster Risk Management (DRM), Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Social Protection (SP) to address interconnected risks by building resilience, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of traditionally sectoral approaches. The design of meaningful ASP measures needs to be informed by specific information on risk, risk drivers and impacts on communities at risk. In contrast, a limited understanding of risk and its drivers can potentially lead to maladaptation practices. Therefore, multidimensional risk assessments are vital for the successful implementation of ASP. Although many sectoral tools to assess risks exist, available integrated risk assessment methods across sectors are still inadequate in the context of ASP, presenting an important research and implementation gap. ASP is now gaining international momentum, making the timely development of a comprehensive risk analytics tool even more important, including in Indonesia, where nationwide implementation of ASP is currently under way. OBJECTIVE: To address this gap, this study explores the feasibility of a climate and disaster risk analytics tool for ASP (CADRAT-ASP), combining sectoral risk assessment in the context of ASP with a more comprehensive risk analytics approach. Risk analytics improve the understanding of risks by locating and quantifying the potential impacts of disasters. For example, the Economics of Climate Adaptation (ECA) framework quantifies probable current and expected future impacts of extreme events and determines the monetary cost and benefits of specific risk management and adaptation measures. Using the ECA framework, this report examines the viability and practicality of applying a quantitative risk analytics approach for non-financial and non-tangible assets that were identified as central to ASP. This quantitative approach helps to identify cost-effective interventions to support risk-informed decision making for ASP. Therefore, we used Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, as a case study, to identify potential entry points and examples for the further development and application of such an approach. METHODS & RESULTS: The report presents an analysis of central risks and related impacts on communities in the context of ASP. In addition, central social protection dimensions (SPD) necessary for the successful implementation of ASP and respective data needs from a theoretical perspective are identified. The application of the quantitative ECA framework is tested for tropical storms in the context of ASP, providing an operational perspective on technical feasibility. Finally, recommendations on further research for the potential application of a suitable ASP risk analytics tool in Indonesia are proposed. Results show that the ECA framework and its quantitative modelling platform CLIMADA successfully quantified the impact of tropical storms on four SPDs. These SPDs (income, access to health, access to education and mobility) were selected based on the results from the Hazard, Exposure and Vulnerability Assessment (HEVA) conducted to support the development of an ASP roadmap for the Republic of Indonesia (UNU-EHS 2022, forthcoming). The SPDs were modelled using remote sensing, gridded data and available global indices. The results illustrate the value of the outcome to inform decision making and a better allocation of resources to deliver ASP to the case study area. RECOMMENDATIONS: This report highlights strong potential for the application of the ECA framework in the ASP context. The impact of extreme weather events on four social protection dimensions, ranging from access to health care and income to education and mobility, were successfully quantified. In addition, further developments of CADRAT-ASP can be envisaged to improve modelling results and uptake of this tool in ASP implementation. Recommendations are provided for four central themes: mainstreaming the CADRAT approach into ASP, data and information needs for the application of CADRAT-ASP, methodological advancements of the ECA framework to support ASP and use of CADRAT-ASP for improved resilience-building. Specific recommendations are given, including the integration of additional hazards, such as flood, drought or heatwaves, for a more comprehensive outlook on potential risks. This would provide a broader overview and allow for multi-hazard risk planning. In addition, high-resolution local data and stakeholder involvement can increase both ownership and the relevance of SPDs. Further recommendations include the development of a database and the inclusion of climate and socioeconomic scenarios in analyses.
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Venäläinen, Ari, Sanna Luhtala, Mikko Laapas, Otto Hyvärinen, Hilppa Gregow, Mikko Strahlendorff, Mikko Peltoniemi, et al. Sää- ja ilmastotiedot sekä uudet palvelut auttavat metsäbiotaloutta sopeutumaan ilmastonmuutokseen. Finnish Meteorological Institute, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361317.
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Climate change will increase weather induced risks to forests, and thus effective adaptation measures are needed. In Säätyö project funded by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, we have summarized the data that facilitate adaptation measures, developed weather and climate services that benefit forestry, and mapped what kind of new weather and climate services are needed in forestry. In addition, we have recorded key further development needs to promote adaptation. The Säätyö project developed a service product describing the harvesting conditions of trees based on the soil moisture assessment. The output includes an analysis of the current situation and a 10-day forecast. In the project we also tested the usefulness of long forecasts beyond three months. The weather forecasting service is sidelined and supplemented by another co-operation project between the Finnish Meteorological Institute and Metsäteho called HarvesterSeasons (https://harvesterseasons.com/). The HarvesterSeasons service utilizes long-term forecasts of up to 6 months to assess terrain bearing conditions. A test version of a wind damage risk tool was developed in cooperation with the Department of Forest Sciences of the University of Eastern Finland and the Finnish Meteorological Institute. It can be used to calculate the wind speeds required in a forest area for wind damage (falling trees). It is currently only suitable for researcher use. In the Säätyö project the possibility of locating the most severe wind damage areas immediately after a storm was also tested. The method is based on the spatial interpolation of wind observations. The method was used to analyze storms that caused forest damages in the summer and fall of 2020. The produced maps were considered illustrative and useful to those responsible for compiling the situational picture. The accumulation of snow on tree branches, can be modeled using weather data such as rainfall, temperature, air humidity, and wind speed. In the Säätyö project, the snow damage risk assessment model was further developed in such a way that, in addition to the accumulated snow load amount, the characteristics of the stand and the variations in terrain height were also taken into account. According to the verification performed, the importance of abiotic factors increased under extreme snow load conditions (winter 2017-2018). In ordinary winters, the importance of biotic factors was emphasized. According to the comparison, the actual snow damage could be explained well with the tested model. In the interviews and workshop, the uses of information products, their benefits, the conditions for their introduction and development opportunities were mapped. According to the results, diverse uses and benefits of information products and services were seen. Information products would make it possible to develop proactive forest management, which would reduce the economic costs caused by wind and snow damages. A more up-to-date understanding of harvesting conditions, enabled by information products, would enhance the implementation of harvesting and harvesting operations and the management of timber stocks, as well as reduce terrain, trunk and root damage. According to the study, the introduction of information is particularly affected by the availability of timeliness. Although the interviewees were not currently willing to pay for the information products developed in the project, the interviews highlighted several suggestions for the development of information products, which could make it possible to commercialize them.