Academic literature on the topic '946/.72'

Ba2TiO4 and Ba4Ti13O30 Thick Films Were Prepared by Laser Chemical Vapor Deposition Using Ba- and Ti-Dipivaloylmethanate Precursors. Single-Phase Ba2TiO4 Thick Films Were Obtained at 845–946 K and Ba/Ti Source Molar Ratio 2.4. Single-Phase Ba4Ti13O30 Films Were Obtained at 944–1011 K and Ba/Ti Source Molar Ratio 0.38. Ba2TiO4 Thick Films Consisted of Truncated Grains, while Ba4ti13o30 Thick Films Had Shellfish-Like Grains. Ba2TiO4 and Ba4Ti13O30 Thick Films Showed a Columnar Growth and their Deposition Rates Were 72 and 132 μm h−1, Respectively.

644 Background: The concept of treatment to disease progression must be tempered by the potential for cumulative toxicities of ongoing therapy. Data suggest that treatment holidays may provide improved quality of life without significantly compromising outcomes in metastatic disease. Our aim was to characterize the frequency of intermittent and stop-and-go strategies in a population-based cohort of mCRC patients. Methods: Patients diagnosed with mCRC and who received any palliative systemic treatment at the British Columbia Cancer Agency from Jan 2008 to Dec 2010 were identified from the provincial pharmacy database. First-line (1L) and second-line (2L) therapy choices, duration on each line of therapy, and number of treatment holidays, defined as any time interval of >/= 4 weeks without any therapy, were characterized. Results: In total, 946 patients were identified: median age was 64 (IQR 55-72) years, 521 (55%) were men, and 626 (66%) had colon cancer. In 1L treatment, the majority received combination systemic therapy: 474 (50%) FOLFIRI +/- bevacizumab (B), 224 (24%) FOLFOX +/- B, and 248 (26%) 5-FU/capecitabine. The median number of cycles on 1L therapy was 9 (IQR 4-13). Treatment holidays were common with 302 (32%) patients experiencing at least one break, each lasting a median of 49 (IQR 36-99) days. Compared with no B, 1L patients treated with B received more therapy (median 12 [IQR 8-20] vs 8 [IQR 4-12] cycles). However, they were also more likely to undergo a treatment holiday (34% vs 31%), but the duration of each break was shorter (median 49 [IQR 36-92] vs 56 [IQR 35-119] days). Only 312 (33%) out of the 946 patients proceeded to 2L therapy. The median interval between stopping 1L and starting 2L was 43 (IQR 20-162) days. Compared with 1L, the median number of treatment cycles was shorter in 2L (median 7 [IQR 4-12]). Treatment holidays were also less frequent with only 50 (16%) out of 312 patients experiencing at least one break, each lasting a median of 56 (IQR 38-100) days. Conclusions: The use of the stop-and-go approach was prevalent in this population-based cohort of mCRC patients. The relationship between intermittent treatment and outcomes will be presented at the meeting.

Background and aims: Synthetic organophosphates (OPs) inhibit acetylcholinesterase resulting in the accumulation of acetylcholine, failure of organs, and eventually death. Diisopropyl-fluorophosphatase (DFPase) is one of the OPs degrading enzymes that has broad substrate from OPs. In this study, for the first time, the secretory expression of DFPase in Bacillus subtilis was investigated in order to accelerate the biodegradation rate of OPs. Methods: DFPase gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the pET28-inaV/N-dfpase plasmid. The PCR product was subcloned in the pWB980 plasmid. Competent B. subtilis WB600 were transformed with recombinant plasmid. SDS PAGE technique was used to study the expression of protein secreted in superrich medium. Results: Appearance of the 946 bp band in agarose gel after digestion of transformed plasmid confirmed the presence of DFPase gene in this construct. Approximately, 35 kDa protein band was shown in culture medium after incubating at 35°C for 72 hours and 150 rpm. Measurement of enzyme’s activity was done by monitoring the release of fluoride from diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), using ion-meter. Results showed that enzyme’s activity was 3333 U/L. Conclusion: Bacillus subtilis is a suitable host for production of secretory and active form of DFPase.

Bioenergy is one of the most important renewable-energy sources worldwide, accounting for more than two-thirds of the renewable-energy mix. Biomass accounted for 13–14% of the primary energy consumption in 2018, and by 2050, it is expected to account for 50% of the global primary energy consumption. This article studies the biomass potential in Iraq. The potential of this country to be one of the leading producers of bioenergy is discussed, remarking on the importance of agricultural crop waste. Nowadays, Iraq generates a great quantity of biomass every year. Unfortunately, instead of contributing to the energy industry and economic progress, these wastes are burned directly, potentially causing a slew of environmental issues. Based on earlier studies, the theoretical energy potential of Iraq agricultural wastes is assessed. It is concluded that 10 million tons of dry agricultural leftovers can create 115 PJ of energy per year. According to the findings of this study, 10 million heads of cattle in Iraq could generate 72 million m3 of biogas per day, with a total potential power of 946 TJ per year from animal wastes, mainly cattle dung. On the other hand, bioenergy potential is heavily reliant on the geographical distribution, availability, and accessibility of real waste. Wasit, Qadisiyah, and Mosul are the most feasible locations for this agricultural waste potential. This might lead to the development of a long-term economic plan for the successful and sustainable utilization of important accessible waste for bioenergy generation.

A 20-ml blood sample was collected from adult patients with suspected bloodstream infections and distributed equally into the four volume-controlled bottles of a blood culture set consisting of aerobic and anaerobic BACTEC Plus/F bottles and aerobic and anaerobic BacT/Alert FAN bottles. All bottles were incubated in their respective instruments for a standard 5-day protocol or until the instruments signalled positivity. Samples in all bottles with negative results by these instruments were terminally subcultured. A total of 8,390 blood culture sets were obtained during the study period, of which 4,402 (52.5%) met the study criteria. Of these, 946 (21.5%) were positive either by instrument signal or by additional terminal subculture of all negative bottles and yielded growth of microorganisms. Five hundred eighty-nine (13.4%) blood culture sets were considered to have recovered 663 clinically significant organisms. When both the BACTEC and the BacT/Alert systems were used, 465 positive sets were detected; BACTEC alone detected 52 positive sets and BacT/Alert alone detected 72 (P = 0.09). No differences were found between the two systems in microbial recovery rate from blood cultures obtained from patients on antibiotic therapy. Significantly more members of the family Enterobacteriaceae (P < 0.01) were detected from patients without antimicrobial therapy by BacT/Alert than by BACTEC. The false-negative rates were 0.20% for BACTEC and 0.32% for BacT/Alert. A significantly higher false-positive rate was found for BACTEC (P < 0.0001). Both systems were comparable for the time to detection of microorganisms. However, gram-positive bacteria were detected faster by BACTEC andEnterobacteriaceae were detected faster on average by BacT/Alert. We concluded that both systems are comparable in their abilities to recover aerobic and anaerobic organisms from blood cultures and a terminal subculture might not be necessary for either of the two systems. The increased positivity rate when using an anaerobic bottle in a two-bottle blood culture set is due to the additional blood volume rather than to the use of an anaerobic medium.

Abstract Abstract 2389 Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (autoHCT) is standard therapy for high-risk hematologic disorders and solid tumors. We assessed whether overall survival (OS) at Day 100, which represents early transplant-related mortality (TRM), and at one year, which represents disease-related mortality and later TRM, had changed over time. The study population was derived from patients undergoing 68,404 first autoHCTs between 1994–2005 in US and Canadian centers reported to the CIBMTR. Statistical significance was measured using Ptrend over 6 time cohorts to test whether the OS estimates were stable (slope = 0), increasing (slope>0) or decreasing (slope<0) over time. The Day 100 and 1-year OS estimates are shown in the Table. Disease and disease status subgroups were defined a priori, and the OS estimates are not adjusted for any covariates such as age, Karnofsky status, etc. Mortality rates at Day 100 were, in general, low for all diseases examined and improved significantly over time for NHL in complete remission (CR) 2/sensitive 1st relapse, for lymphoma in primary induction failure (no prior complete remission) and myeloma in first partial or complete remission. Improvements in 1-year OS were seen for NHL in CR1/sensitive 1st relapse and myeloma in remission at the time of transplant. OS has improved for many patients undergoing autoHCT which likely reflects improvement in supportive care and better patient selection. Day 100 mortality rates in autoHCT patients treated during the most recent period 2004-5 are as low as 2–5% in patients with chemotherapy sensitive disease pre-autoHCT. Even in patients transplanted with resistant disease (no prior CR), the Day 100 mortality rate is only 5% in MM and 9% in HL/NHL patients. Although the 1-year OS has improved over time there is still a significant decline in OS between the Day 100 and 1-year time points, especially for patients with NHL in CR2/sensitive 1st relapse, lymphoma in primary induction failure and myeloma not in remission, suggesting a need for improved disease control in these patients. Table 1: Overall survival (95% CI) estimates over time. Autologous HCT 1994-5 1996-7 1998-9 2000-01 2002-3 2004-5 Ptrend NHL in CR2/Rel 1 sens N 890 1067 1041 1020 946 1116 <0.001 @100 days 89 (87–91) 90 (88–92) 90 (88–92) 94 (92–95) 94 (92–95) 95 (94–97) <0.001 @1 year 68 (65–71) 69 (66–72) 72 (69–75) 77 (75–80) 78 (75–80) 80 (77–83) HL in CR2/Rel1 sens N 384 384 466 435 477 573 0.4758 @100 days 95 (92–97) 95 (92–97) 96 (94–97) 97 (95–98) 96 (94–98) 97 (95–98) 0.1985 @1 year 86 (82–89) 87 (84–91) 87 (83–90) 89 (85–92) 90 (87–93) 91 (88–93) HL or NHL in PIF N 647 708 772 895 570 504 0.0299 @100 days 86 (84–89) 88 (86–90) 87 (84–89) 90 (87–92) 90 (88–93) 91 (89–94) 0.7532 @1 year 69 (65–73) 69 (65–72) 70 (67–74) 72 (68–75) 71 (67–75) 72 (67–76) MM in CR1/PR1/PIF sens N 267 541 718 1567 2423 3192 <0.001 @100 days 96 (94–98) 96 (94–98) 96 (94–97) 97 (96–98) 98 (97–98) 98 (98–99) <0.001 @1 year 83 (79–88) 84 (81–87) 87 (85–90) 90 (89–92) 92 (91–93) 92 (91–93) MM in less than PR N 105 177 392 420 521 586 0.3829 @100 days 92 (85–96) 94 (90–97) 96 (94–98) 96 (94–98) 97 (95–98) 95 (93–97) 0.0857 @1 year 79 (70–87) 79 (73–85) 86 (82–89) 88 (84–91) 88 (85–91) 87 (84–90) NHL – non-Hodgkin lymphoma, HL – Hodgkin lymphoma, MM – myeloma, CR – complete remission, Rel – relapse, PIF – primary induction failure, sens – sensitive Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

9510 Background: From 2/2001 to 2/2002, 946 patients (pts) with advanced GIST were randomized to IM at two dose levels within a controlled EORTC/ISG/AGITG trial. This analysis investigates whether achievement of an objective response, according to the RECIST criteria, has any predictive value for time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS). Methods: According to the protocol, the 3 first disease measurements were foreseen at 2, 4, and 6 months (m). Results of those measurements were classified in 6 categories: PR (>30% reduction of the tumor load), MR (10–30% reduction), NC- (0–10% reduction), NC+ (0–20% increase), PD (> 20% increase or new lesions), and subjective PD (clinical PD, no measurements). Pts included the analyses were those still followed at the measurement point, who had not previously progressed. Results: A total of 906 pts had measurable disease at entry; from those, 852 were evaluable at 2 m, 681 at 4 m and 642 at 6 m. At all measurement time points, PR and MR resulted in similar TTP and OS; this was also true for NC- and NC+, and for PD and subjective PD. As an example, for the evaluation at 4 m, the median TTP was respectively 2.50, 2.55, 1.86, 1.65, 0.31 and 0.30 years in the 6 groups of pts, while the 3 years OS estimate were 71%, 72%, 57%, 56%, 32% and 0%. Pts were subsequently classified as responders (more than 10% reduction of the tumor load), no change (less than 10% reduction and less than 20% increase) and PD (> 20% increase, new lesions or clinical PD). This new response category is highly predictive of further progression or survival, for the 2 first measurements points, and in both therapeutic arms, but pts stable at 6 m had the same survival as responders at 6 m. In addition, RECIST response documented at 2, 4 and 6 m resulted in similar TTP and OS. Conclusions: The RECIST criteria are only optimal for identifying IM-resistant GISTs (PD > 20%) and not adequate for the evaluation of IM efficacy. All pts exhibiting at least a 10% reduction (until complete response) of the tumor load have to be considered as responders to IM (IM-sensitive GISTs). A real stabilisation of the disease consisting in a less than 10% tumor reduction and a less than 20% tumor increase identifies pts who have an intermediate sensitivity to IM. [Table: see text]

Beta-lactamase was purified from local isolate Klebsiella pneumonia by several steps included precipitation with ammonium sulphate at 20-40% saturation, DEAE- ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200 column. The obtained purification fold and recovery were 32.66; 47.04% respectively. The characterization of the purified beta-lactamase showed that the molecular weight was about 4000 daltons as determined by gel filtration.Purified enzyme had an optimal pH of 7 for activity and an optimal stability between pH 6.5-7.5, results shows that the optimal temperature appear to be 35 ? C .During storage the enzyme retained 72% at -20 ? C and retained 25% of the activity at the same period at 4 ? C.

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by progressive deterioration of motor neurons. Assessment of the size/geographic distribution of the ALS population, including ALS with genetic origin, is needed to understand the burden of the disease and the need for clinical intervention and therapy. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The main objective of this study was to estimate the number of prevalent and incident ALS cases overall and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) ALS in 22 countries across Europe (Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Russia, Spain, Sweden, and UK), North America (USA and Canada), Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Uruguay), and Asia (China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify population-based studies reporting ALS prevalence and/or incidence rates. Pooled prevalence and incidence rates were obtained using a meta-analysis approach at the country and regional geographic level. A country-level pooled estimate was used when ≥2 studies were available per country and geographic regional pooled estimates were used otherwise. The proportion of cases with a SOD1 or C9orf72 mutation among sporadic (sALS) and familial (fALS) cases were obtained from a previous systematic review and meta-analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Pooled prevalence rates (per 100,000 persons) and incidence rates (per 100,000 person-years) were 6.22 and 2.31 for Europe, 5.20 and 2.35 for North America, 3.41 and 1.25 for Latin America, 3.01 and 0.93 for Asian countries excluding Japan, and 7.96 and 1.76 for Japan, respectively. Significant heterogeneity in reported incidence and prevalence was observed within and between countries/geographic regions. The estimated number of 2020 ALS cases across the 22 countries is 121,028 prevalent and 41,128 incident cases. The total estimated number of prevalent SOD1 cases is 2,876 cases, of which, 1,342 (47%) were fALS and 1,534 (53%) were sALS, and the number of incident SOD1 cases is 946 (434 [46%] fALS and 512 [54%] sALS). The total estimated number of prevalent C9orf72 cases is 4,545 (1,198 [26%] fALS, 3,347 [74%] sALS), and the number of incident C9orf72 cases is 1,706 (450 [26%] fALS and 1,256 [74%] sALS). <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> The estimated number of patients with SOD1 and C9orf72 ALS suggests that although the proportions of SOD1 and C9orf72 are higher among those with fALS, the majority of SOD1 and C9orf72 ALS cases may be found among those with sALS (about 53 and 74%, respectively). These results suggest that classification of fALS based on reported family history does not capture the full picture of ALS of genetic origin.

Abstract Background The median age at diagnosis of MM is 69 years. Randomized, controlled studies on the safety and effectiveness of AHCT are lacking in those > 70 years of age and many patients are considered “ineligible” on the basis of age. We analyzed survival (OS) outcomes of 11,430 MM patients from US and Canada receiving AHCT after high dose melphalan (MEL) between 2008 -2011 reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR). The relative efficacy of AHCT was compared in 3 cohorts; those aged ≥70 years (Cohort 1, n=946) vs. those 60-69 years (Cohort 2, n= 4666) and vs. 18-59 years (Cohort 3, n=5818). A statistically representative subset of 1279 patients was then analyzed in further detail to compare relapse, progression free survival (PFS) and non-relapse mortality (NRM). Results The median ages in group 1, 2, and 3 were 72, 64 and 53 years, respectively with an upper age of 89 years. The older age cohort 1 was composed of a higher proportion of male patients, IgA MM, US patients (vs. Canada) and had worse Karnofsky scores (KPS < 100) and co morbidity scores (HCTCI ≥ 2), (all p values <0.05). The older age cohort was less likely to be transplanted within the first year of diagnosis and more likely to have MEL dose reduction (MEL <180 mg/m2 in 42%). Disease status at AHCT did not vary between groups with >40% of patients at least in a very good partial remission (≥VGPR) at transplant in all 3 cohorts. After a median follow up in survivors of 2 years, median OS has not been reached and 3 year OS was inferior for the older cohort at 72% (95% CI, 67-76%), 75% (73-77%), 78% (76-79%) in cohorts 2 and 3 respectively (Figure 1). In multivariate analysis, increasing age was associated with inferior OS (p=0.0006, Fig 1). Hazard ratio for death was 1.12 for cohort 2 vs. 3, 1.35 for cohort 1 vs. 3 and 1.2 for cohort 1 vs. 2. Other significant predictors of lower OS were higher HCTCI score, lower KPS, longer (>12mo) interval from diagnosis to AHCT and inferior disease status (<VGPR) at AHCT. Further analyses were performed to identify the contribution of relapse, NRM and post relapse survival. NRM within the first year was 0% for the older cohort and 2% for the other 2 cohorts, likely reflecting careful patient selection. Relapse risk at 3 years was similar between cohorts 1,2 and 3 at 63% (48-74%), 51% (55-66%) and 56% (51-60%) respectively. PFS at 3 years was 33% (21-46%), 38% (33-43%) and 42% (37-46%) respectively. In multivariate analyses, increasing age was NOT associated with higher risk of relapse, NRM or lower PFS. KPS <80 was associated with higher risk of relapse, NRM and lower PFS. Other significant risks for relapse and lower PFS were longer interval from diagnosis to AHCT and a < VGPR disease state prior to AHCT. Post relapse survival was significantly worse for the older cohort (p=0.03, Figure 2). Post relapse survival was significantly worse with increasing age. For cohorts 1, 2 and 3 at 2 years, it was 54% vs. 50% and 63% and at 3 yrs 25% vs. 37% and 49% respectively (p=0.03, Fig 2). Conclusions AHCT although performed less frequently in the older MM patient, offers equivalent efficacy in and is associated with low NRM. Survival differences are driven partly by higher co-morbidities and lower post relapse survival. Myeloma related outcomes are similar when appropriate older patients are treated with aggressive therapy. Disclosures: Gasparetto: Onyx: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Millennium (2012): Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Celgene ( 2012): Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Lonial:Sanofi: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; Millennium: Consultancy; Onyx: Consultancy. Hari:Celgene: Consultancy; Onyx: Consultancy.

Introdução: A gestação é um processo fisiológico que compreende uma sequência de adaptações intensas no organismo. Em virtude dessas alterações fisiológicas deve-se atentar ao acompanhamento nutricional no decorrer dos meses e as necessidades nutricionais. Objetivo: Identificar o perfil nutricional e hábitos alimentares de gestantes brasileiras. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, retrospetivo e descritivo, em que foi analisado o estado nutricional e consumo alimentar de gestantes adultas atendidas na atenção básica no ano de 2020, acompanhadas pelo Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional do Ministério da Saúde (SISVAN), em todo território nacional. Resultados e Discussão: Foram avaliadas 72 946 gestantes quanto ao estado nutricional e o consumo alimentar apenas 11 092 representando 15% das gestantes cadastradas. Verificou-se a predominância de 31,92% em eutrofia, sobrepeso (30.3%), obesidade com 27,12% e menor frequência baixo peso (10.94%). Em relação aos hábitos alimentares analisados houve o consumo predominante de alimentos ultraprocessados (79%), em seguida o consumo de bebidas adoçadas (57%), consumo de biscoito recheado, doces e guloseimas (40%) e de macarrão instantâneo, salgadinho de pacote ou biscoito salgado (34%). Os alimentos saudáveis frutas (78%), legumes e verduras (76%) apresentaram resultados semelhantes. A predominância desses resultados demonstram a importância do acompanhamento nutricional durante esse período e as orientações profissionais para diminuir o consumo de alimentos que podem prejudicar futuramente a saúde e o feto. Conclusão: Identificou-se neste estudo que o perfil nutricional predominante das gestantes é a eutrofia, sobrepeso e o consumo alimentar de alimentos não saudáveis foram predominantes quando relacionado com os saudáveis. Sendo assim destaca-se o papel fundamental do acompanhamento nutricional durante a gestação e incentivar o consumo de alimentos in natura e minimamente processados dentro das necessidades nutricionais desse período, fazendo com que evite futuras doenças.