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1
Feng, Chunmei. "Switching frequency reduction in pulse-width modulated multilever converters and systems." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/940/.
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Multilevel converters have attracted a great deal of interest in recent years since they offer a number of advantages in many high voltage and high power applications, such as adjustable speed electric motor drives and power systems through Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) controllers and active harmonic filters. They can reach high voltages with low harmonics without the use of transformers or series-connected synchronised switching devices by their unique structures. Along with proper Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) control scheme, they can also provide lower cost, higher performance, lower Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI), and higher efficiency than the traditional PWM converters. However, switching losses become a serious issue in high power applications. In order to improve the efficiency and reliability of the system, and reduce the size of the output filter, the stresses on the semiconductors and the development and manufacturing costs, reducing the switching frequency and associated losses of multilevel PWM converters and systems needs to be properly addressed. The thesis gives an overview on multilevel converter topologies and control schemes. It then presents mathematical analysis towards further understanding of the Neutral-Point-Clamped (NPC) and the Flying Capacitor (FC) converters. The Fundamental Frequency Sinusoidal PWM (FF-SPWM) control method is examined as a potential "carrier" based approach in reducing the converter switching frequency and associated losses. The performance of multi-modular parallel connected systems based on the NPC and FC converters as a building block is reported along with the influence of the multicarrier PWM techniques. The voltage-unbalancing problem of the FC converter is addressed and a solution is provided. DSP based controllers for the three-level and the five-level FC converters have been developed and experimentally verified. Results taken from the laboratory prototype are presented to support the theoretical part of the project.
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Palaniappan, Jayanthi. "The use of a CFBG sensor for detecting damage in composite laminates and adhesively bonded joints." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2008. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/940/.
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Reliable in-situ damage detection techniques which can detennine the existence and location of damage in composite materials and structures are critical for the effective use of these materials. In this work, embedded chirped fibre Bragg grating (CFBG) sensors have been shown to be successful for both detection and location of matrix cracks in composite laminates and disbond detection in bonded composite joints. In all the cases, the CFBG reflection spectra were predicted using commercial software and agreed well with the experimental results. In the matrix cracking work, single matrix cracks in cross-ply GFRP (glass' fibre reinforced plastic) laminates were detected and located using a CFBG sensor embedded within the 0° plies, near the 0/90 interface. The CFBG sensor showed an approximately sinusoidal variation of the intensity of the reflected spectrum at the position of the crack, enabling both crack development and crack position to be identified. It was shown that the precise position of the cracks does not correspond with the bottom of a dip in the reflected spectrum, as has previously been thought. Disbond initiation and progression from either end of a composite bonded joint was monitored by embedding the CFBG sensor in one of the GFRP adherends, with the low wavelength end ofthe sensor positioned at the cut end ofthe adherend. A shift in the low wavelength end of the spectrum to lower wavelengths indicated disbond initiation and movement of a perturbation in the reflected spectrum towards higher wavelengths indicated disbond propagation. In a related fashion, disbond initiation and propagation was detected from the high-wavelength end ofthe spectrum (adjacent to the other cut end of the adherend). With the aid of a parametric study based on a closed-form solution for the strain field in the bonded joint (available in the literature), it has been shown that the sensitivity ofthe CFBG sensor in detecting the disbond depends mainly on the position of the sensor within the adherend and the strain distribution in the adherend. Finally, artificial manufacturing defects were introduced into GFRP-GFRP bonded joints using Teflon inserts and it has been demonstrated that the location of the defects is possible using the CFBG technique.
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Ford, Julia Ann. "The use of salivary immunoglobulin-A as a marker exercise-induced immunomodulation." Thesis, University of Chichester, 1999. http://eprints.chi.ac.uk/940/.
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Attempts have been made to account for the increased propensity of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in regularly training individuals, by focusing on the effect of exercise on the primary mucosal immunoglobulin secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA). However, the pathophysiological significance of observed changes in sIgA levels remains unclear, as indeed does the existence of increased URTI in athletes. The aim of this work was to examine the use of sIgA as a marker of exercise-induced immunomodulation and its possible role in protection against URTI. Before these questions could be addressed the optimum method for saliva collection, and the ideal terms for expression of sIgA levels were investigated. Experimental data advocate the use of the passive dribbling method above the use of salivettes. Salivettes were found to result in an underestimation of both saliva flow rate and protein concentrations as a consequence of limited absorption (3 ± 1ml) and variable retention of the sample (49.1 ± 24.9%). Secretory IgA levels are commonly expressed in terms of secretion rate which is the product of saliva flow rate and sIgA concentration. Examination of the relative contribution of these two factors to secretion rate revealed that exercise-induced changes in saliva flow rate (-51 %) matched the changes in secretion rate (-51 %), whereas changes in sIgA concentrations (+4%) did not. It was concluded that changes in saliva flow rates have an important role with the occurrence of symptoms associated with URTI whether induced by infective or inflammatory factors. Epidemiological data from others on the incidence of symptoms associated with URTI in marathon runners have provided evidence on the incidence of URTI in athletes. However here, reported symptoms associated with URTI were most common during the race suggesting that an infective agent was not involved. Examination of the effect of marathon running revealed a non-significant decrease in saliva flow rate (-27.7 ± 15.8%). A final study investigated the effect of increased ambient temperature, and the possibility of fluid replacement as a intervention strategy against exercise-induced decreases in saliva flow rate. This study revealed that exercise reduced saliva flow rate exercise in the heat exacerbated this and that fluid replacement tempered the exercise-induced decrease. Changes in saliva flow rate were found to be associated with changes in plasma volume. The overall conclusions of this thesis are that innate defence mechanisms such as saliva have a role to play in conferring defence against potential pathogens, and therefore warrant further investigation. It appears from data presented in this thesis that saliva flow rate is affected by exercise, perhaps to a greater extent than sIgA concentration. Changes in saliva flow rate with exercise may have a role to play in the purported increased incidence of URTI reported by athletes, and fluid replacement may provide an effective strategy against this exercise-induced decrease.
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Best, Michael Carlos. "Essays on the economics of taxation." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/940/.
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This thesis explores the way economic behaviour responds to taxation both theoretically and empirically. Chapter 1 studies the impact of transation taxes on the housing market, using UK administrative data and quasi-experimental variation created by notches, tax reforms, and stimulus. Transaction taxes have large effects on house prices and purchases, and adjustments to tax changes are fast. A temporary elimination of transaction taxes stimulated housing market activity by 20% in the short run (timing and extensive responses) followed by a smaller slump in activity after the policy was withdrawn (timing response). The success of this stimulus program stems from the large distortions created by the tax in the first place. Chapter 2 presents evidence on three ways in which firms affect workers’ earnings responses in Pakistan. First, third-party reporting of salaries by employers reduces evasion. Second, firms’ equilibrium salary-hours offers are tailored to aggregate worker preferences in response to adjustment costs in the labour market. Third, workers learn about the tax schedule from firms and become more responsive to taxation both contemporaneously (by 130%) and in subsequent years (by 100%). Third-party reporting does not eliminate misreporting: 19% of workers underreport their salaries, creating a loss of 5% of tax revenue, and indicating high returns to investments in improving enforcement. Chapter 3 develops a theory of optimal income taxation allowing for career effects of current work effort on future wages. Such effects are empirically important, but have been ignored by the optimal tax literature. We provide analytical characterizations that depend on estimable entities, including the elasticity of future wages to current work effort. We explore the magnitude of this “career elasticity” in a meta-analysis of the empirical literature on the returns to work experience and tenure, and provide numerical simulations calibrated to US micro-data. Our results show that career effects have important qualitative and quantitative implications for optimal tax design.
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Mekki, Z. A. "Transportation problems in the city of Makkah outside the period of Hajj." Thesis, Durham University, 1988. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/940/.
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Phillips, Ruth. "British domestic violence perpetrator programmes : 'programme integrity' within 'service integrity'." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2015. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/940/.
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Despite its stated importance to outcome evaluations, ‘programme integrity’ has long been lamented as a lacuna in the literature, especially in relation to domestic violence perpetrator programmes (DVPPs). Indeed, the literature reveals a lack of clarity regarding programme integrity in any context, although a baseline definition recognises its role as being to ensure programmes are delivered as intended and with a high level of efficacy. A ‘dominant definition’ emerges which is premised on programmes being subject to experimental models of development and evaluation and thus requiring strict adherence to a manual. This study draws on interviews with British DVPP pioneers, current practitioners and a case study, to explore how programme integrity is understood and practised in British DVPPs. The study finds that the dominant definition is inadequate to capture the practise of DVPPs due to their ‘process-driven’ approach which relies upon a high level of reflexivity, responsivity, and innovation. Furthermore, DVPPs require a concept of programme integrity – directly related to group-work delivery – which is embedded within a wider ‘service integrity’ which recognises the ways in which all aspects of the DVPP service contribute to integrity. The Respect Accreditation Standard requires that the work of the whole service is taken into account but this ‘whole service approach’ has not always translated into a ‘whole service ethos’ since the men’s group-work aspect of the service is often given prominence in terms of resources and status. Thus, a concept of ‘service integrity’ is presented which builds on the Accreditation Standard and encourages a culture, or ‘whole service ethos’, that properly recognises and addresses the contributions of the whole service to achieve an intervention which is effective and innovative, and has ‘integrity’.
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Al, Darwish Mohammed S. "Dental caries, oral health and life style variables among school children in Qatar." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2014. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/940/.
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Background: Effective delivery of dental services must be based on reliable information regarding the prevalence and severity of disease in the target population. Evaluation of the various factors known to influence the severity and progression of disease is essential for health policy makers to promote oral health resources and address oral health needs. Objective: The overall aim of this research is to describe the situation of dental caries and investigate the associations of level of oral health knowledge, teeth irregularity, BMI and other life style variables (TV viewing, internet use, passive smoking and dietary habits) with dental caries, including the impact of socio-demographic factors amongst school children in Qatar. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Qatar from October 2011 to March 2012. A total of 2,113 children aged 12-14 years were randomly selected from 16 schools from different areas. Clinical examination was conducted by three calibrated examiners using World Health Organization criteria for diagnosing dental caries. Teeth irregularity was determined clinically according to a method described by Björk et al (1964). A pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to assess oral health knowledge and life style data. Data analyses were performed. Results: The mean decayed, missing and filled teeth index values was 4.62 (±3.2), 4.79 (±3.5), and 5.5 (±3.7), respectively, for the 12, 13 and 14 year old children. The caries prevalence was 85%. The mandibular incisors and canines were least likely to be affected by dental caries, while maxillary and mandibular molars were the most frequently attacked by dental caries. Of the total sample, only one quarter reported a high level of oral health knowledge. There were more incidences of teeth crowding (44.1%) than teeth spacing (9.5%). The overall prevalence of underweight, overweight, and obesity was 5%, 10%, and 5% respectively. Almost half of the children spent > two hours watching television and 46% spent > two hours using internet. Approximately 35.8% of children had exposure to passive smoking. Concerning dietary habits, 99.4% of children consumed sugar containing snacks in between meals. Approximately 65% consumed sugar containing snacks within one hour of bed time. Almost 49.1% skipped eating breakfast regularly and 22.7% skipped eating lunch regularly. Around 83.8% consumed diary snacks in between meals. Overall, 74.2% drank tea in-between meals and 80.1% chewed gum in-between meals. All variables were affected by socio-demographic factors, but significant differences were found in female children in that they were more at risk to dental caries than male children. Also, children who resided in semi-urban areas were more at risk to dental caries than children who resided in urban areas. The occurrence of dental caries is significantly associated with the level of oral health knowledge, teeth irregularity, and other life style variables. Conclusion: The need to reduce sedentary behaviors and to promote a more active and healthy lifestyle is becoming increasingly essential in Qatar. Implementation of a community-based preventive oral health programs on a healthy diet and practices of adequate oral hygiene should be promoted in schools through integration into the school curriculum and services to combat the growing problem of dental caries.
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Capraro, Giuseppe. "Il Biochar come mezzo per la riduzione delle emissioni di CO2 in atmosfera." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/940/.
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Cappellari, Veronica <1977>. "Dal grido dell'esclusione alla conquista dell'armonia: scene alternative nel teatro quebecchese." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/940/.
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Zilio, Francesca [Verfasser]. "Roma e Bonn fra Ostpolitik e CSCE 1969-1975 / Francesca Zilio." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1192304012/34.
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Schejngeit, Alexander [Verfasser], Jörg [Herausgeber] Baberowski, Klaus [Herausgeber] Gestwa, and Puttkamer Joachim [Herausgeber] von. "Moskaus Fenster zur Welt : Die Nachrichtenagentur TASS und die Auslandsberichterstattung in der Sowjetunion, 1918–1941 / Alexander Schejngeit." Göttingen : Böhlau Verlag Köln, 2021. http://www.v-r.de/.
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Cáceres, Ainsa Miquel de. "Classificació numèrica de la vegetació basada en la composició florística, La." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/940.
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En aquesta tesi s'estudia la metodologia numèrica de classificació de comunitats de vegetals. Les dades estudiades són inventaris de pastures dels estatges montà i subalpí, així com diversos matollars, màquies i boscos mediterranis. En un primer bloc de capítols s'aborden l'estructura i composició de les comunitats d'estudi. Concretament, s'estudia la diversitat de les comunitats i la suficiència de mostratge, la metodologia de càlcul de la fidelitat dels tàxons en bases de dades, i els problemes de discriminabilitat numèrica entre sintàxons. Un segon bloc d'aportacions s'ocupa d'estudiar pròpiament la metodologia de classificació: Es revisen i comparen diversos mètodes estadístics d'anàlisi de grups de vegetació (algoritmes jeràrquics aglomeratius, TWINSPAN, algoritmes partitius), s'estudia l'efecte que té la manera de mesurar les distàncies o proximitats entre inventaris sobre l'anàlisi de grups, es proposa un nou model de classificació per a l'anàlisi de grups de vegetació basat en l'algorisme Possibilistic C-means, i s'estudien estratègies de ponderació de variables (especies). El bloc final de capítols està dedicat a les aplicacions informàtiques desenvolupades. Per una banda es descriuen els programes QUERCUS, un editor de dades de vegetació, y GINKGO, una eina d'anàlisi multivariant basada en distàncies. Per l'altra, es presenta un sistema basat en el coneixement, anomenat ARAUCARIA, que té com a objectiu la determinació automàtica d'inventaris de vegetació.ENGLISH
This thesis studies the numerical classification methodology of plant community classification. The analyzed data sets are relevés from montane and subalpine grassland communities (O.Brometalia erecti), and mediterranean shrublands, maquis and forests (Cl. Quercetea ilicis). The first block of chapters approaches the structure and composition of the data sets. Concretely, community diversity and sampling sufficiency are studied first, followed by a chapter on taxon fidelity calculation methodology and another on numerical discriminability between syntaxa. The second block of chapters deals with numerical classification methodology itself: Cluster analysis numerical algorithms (hierarchical agglomerative, TWINSPAN, partitive) are reviewed and compared. The effect of numerical scalar transforms of data and proximity measures on clustering results are compared. A new vegetation data clustering strategy is proposed, on the basis of Possibilistic C-means algorithm. Finally, the effect of some variable weighting strategies on classification results are tested. The final chapters are devoted to describing software applications. On one hand two programs are described, the vegetation data editor QUERCUS and GINKGO, a multivariate analysis tool oriented to distance-based analyses. On the other hand, a knowledge-based system called ARAUCARIA is presented to provide automatic classification of relevé data.
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Woo, Tim. "A Scalable, Secure, and Energy-Efficient Image Representation for Wireless Systems." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/940.
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The recent growth in wireless communications presents a new challenge to multimedia communications. Digital image transmission is a very common form of multimedia communication. Due to limited bandwidth and broadcast nature of the wireless medium, it is necessary to compress and encrypt images before they are sent. On the other hand, it is important to efficiently utilize the limited energy in wireless devices. In a wireless device, two major sources of energy consumption are energy used for computation and energy used for transmission. Computation energy can be reduced by minimizing the time spent on compression and encryption. Transmission energy can be reduced by sending a smaller image file that is obtained by compressing the original highest quality image. Image quality is often sacrificed in the compression process. Therefore, users should have the flexibility to control the image quality to determine whether such a tradeoff is acceptable. It is also desirable for users to have control over image quality in different areas of the image so that less important areas can be compressed more, while retaining the details in important areas. To reduce computations for encryption, a partial encryption scheme can be employed to encrypt only the critical parts of an image file, without sacrificing security. This thesis proposes a scalable and secure image representation scheme that allows users to select different image quality and security levels. The binary space partitioning (BSP) tree presentation is selected because this representation allows convenient compression and scalable encryption. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is chosen as the encryption algorithm because it is fast and secure. Our experimental result shows that our new tree construction method and our pruning formula reduces execution time, hence computation energy, by about 90%. Our image quality prediction model accurately predicts image quality to within 2-3dB of the actual image PSNR.
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Crowe, Carolyn. "Evaluation and Comparison of Environmental Contaminants Present in Two Types of Swine Rearing Facilities." TopSCHOLAR®, 1994. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/940.
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It has been reported that pigs weaned and moved into an isolated nursery have greater growth rates measured on an average daily gain, and thymus gland weights than do their counterparts in a conventional nursery. In this study I explored the association of this biological difference with environmental contaminants. Levels of total and respirable dust and endotoxin, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and temperature and percent relative humidity were measured in two types of swine rearing facilities: isolated nursery and nursery within a conventional farm. We found isolated nurseries have significantly (p<0.05) less total and respirable dust and endotoxin and greater growth rates. With few exceptions, our measurements of levels of total and respirable dust and total endotoxin were within published ranges. Levels of respirable endotoxin were higher than published ranges.
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Deysel, Natasha. "A model for information security control audit for small to mid-sized organisations." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/940.
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Organisations are increasingly dependent on their information. Compromise to this information in terms of loss, inaccuracy or competitors gaining unauthorised access could have devastating consequences for the organisation. Therefore, information security governance has become a major concern for all organisations, large and small. Information security governance is based on a set of policies and internal controls by which organisations direct and manage their information security. An effective information security governance programme should be based on a recognised framework, such as the Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (COBIT). COBIT focuses on what control objectives must be achieved in order to effectively manage the information technology environment. It has become very clear that if a company is serious about information security governance, it needs to apply the COBIT framework that deals with information security. The problem in some medium-sized organisations is that they do not realise the importance of information security governance and are either unaware of the risks or choose to ignore these risks as they do not have the expertise or resources available to provide them with assurance that they have the right information security controls in place to protect their organisation against threats.
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Seidel, Glass Paula E. "Differences Among Undergraduate and Graduate Nursing Students’ Cultural Competency." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/940.
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This study examined differences in cultural competency levels between undergraduate and graduate nursing students (age, ethnicity, gender, language at home, education level, program standing, program track, diversity encounters, and previous diversity training). Participants were 83% women, aged 20 to 62; 50% Hispanic/Latino; with a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (n = 82) and a Master of Science in Nursing (n = 62). Degrees included high school diplomas, associate/diplomas, bachelors’ degrees in or out of nursing, and medical doctorate degrees from outside the United States. Students spoke English (n = 82) or Spanish (n = 54). The study used a cross-sectional design guided by the three-dimensional cultural competency model. The Cultural Competency Assessment (CCA) tool is composed of two subscales: Cultural Awareness and Sensitivity (CAS) and Culturally Competent Behaviors (CCB). Multiple regressions, Pearson’s correlations, and ANOVAs determined relationships and differences among undergraduate and graduate students. Findings showed significant differences between undergraduate and graduate nursing students in CAS, p <.016. Students of Hispanic/White/European ethnicity scored higher on the CAS, while White/non-Hispanic students scored lower on the CAS, p < .05. One-way ANOVAs revealed cultural competency differences by program standing (grade-point averages), and by program tracks, between Master of Science in Nursing Advanced Registered Nurse Practitioners and both Traditional Bachelor of Science in Nursing and Registered Nurse-Bachelor of Science in Nursing. Univariate analysis revealed that higher cultural competency was associated with having previous diversity training and participation in diversity training as continuing education. After controlling for all predictors, multiple regression analysis found program level, program standing, and diversity training explained a significant amount of variance in overall cultural competency (p = .027; R2 = .18). Continuing education is crucial in achieving students’ cultural competency. Previous diversity training, graduate education, and higher grade-point average were correlated with higher cultural competency levels. However, increased diversity encounters were not associated with higher cultural competency levels.
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Fulham, Melissa A. "Characterization of Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Alcoholic Liver Disease." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/940.
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Adipose tissue inflammation has an impact on liver health and it has been demonstrated that chronic alcohol consumption leads to the expression of pro-inflammatory markers in the adipose tissue. A thorough characterization of alcohol-induced adipose inflammation is lacking, and is important to understand in order to identify immune-related mechanisms that drive this phenomenon. Current therapeutic regimens for alcoholic liver disease are ineffective. It is critical to understand how other organs influence liver injury in this disease when developing novel and effective therapies in the future.
Alcoholic liver disease exhibits a sexual dimorphism; women are more susceptible to liver injury than men and the same paradigm exists in rodent models. Here, I demonstrate that female mice have greater alcohol-induced adipose tissue inflammation than male mice, evidenced by greater expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell markers. Further, female mice also exhibit higher expression of toll-like receptor genes in the adipose tissue, suggesting a potential role for the innate immune system in alcohol-induced adipose inflammation.
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been demonstrated to drive inflammation in both the liver and adipose tissue. I used both germline and conditional knockouts of Tlr4 to characterize alcohol-induced changes in the immune cell composition of adipose tissue. Alcohol increased the number of pro-inflammatory adipose tissue macrophages. This macrophage phenotype switching is partially dependent on TLR4; germline, but not myeloid-specific, Tlr4-deletion prevents macrophage phenotype switching. Overall, my work demonstrates that alcohol-induced adipose tissue inflammation is related to liver injury and that TLR4 contributes to adipose macrophage phenotype switching.
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Murwira, Vincent. "The Open Newsroom: the broadcast news ecosystem in an era of online media migration and audience participation." AUT University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/940.
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The media has always gone through changes, starting from the era of the Gutenberg printing press several centuries ago, to the introduction of radio and television in the last 100 years. In the last two decades, Internet and digital technologies have rapidly transformed the media and reshaped how news is gathered and disseminated, and re-defined audiences and their role in the media. Before the Internet, news dissemination was scheduled and periodic, for example the 6pm television bulletin or weekly newspaper. Today news is now global and published in 24/7 round the clock news cycles. At this time, there were clear demarcations between radio, television and newspapers, which were all separate entities. These demarcations have largely fallen away as all media have migrated online to publish on the same platform, using the same elements such as text, audio and video. Increasingly, television is migrating online to the degree that forecasts predict that online television will eclipse traditional TV as we now know it, just as much as online newspapers have eclipsed traditional newspapers. This debate is widely contested In pre-Internet days, the media had distinct demarcations between the media owners, news gatherers (and production people), like journalists, and the audience. These demarcations are blurring as audiences increasingly participate in the media resulting in the emergence of a new breed of journalists; the citizen journalist. This is the most popular term used to describe these new journalists. The dynamic nature of the online platform and functionalities like Web 2.0 made it possible for anyone to publish themselves online, on a blog, on social networking sites or to set up their own website, at very little or no cost. This has spurred a lot of creativity, and the wider public has created vast amounts of content such as video, audio and text and submitted or published them online. Consequently, content creation is no longer the preserve and domain of the media and journalists; the ubiquitous nature of the Internet and the availability of other enabling technologies: inexpensive digital technologies like video cameras, digital cameras and recorders means that anyone with access can now create content and disseminate it. Debates in many parts of the world have suggested that these abilities are catalysts that could spur the public into contributing news and video content of breaking news to the media and help keep the 24/7 round the clock news cycle current. After all, some online social networking sites have already demonstrated that citizens possess the skills to produce and publish video content. At a time when the media is facing financial pressure due to reduced advertising revenues, caused in part by the economic crisis and by the shift to the online platform, there are suggestions that citizens could help newsroom budgets by contributing material. It is against this background of rapid online migration by the media, and the emergence of this new breed of news gatherers, that this research on the Open Newsroom is set. The research topic is not new; a body of research about online migration of the media and the new news ecosystem exists in many other countries. In New Zealand however, this is still an emerging area of for research. This research monitored news bulletins on New Zealand’s two main television news channels, 3 News on TV3 and One News on Television New Zealand for 12 months from early 2008 to late 2009. The idea was to gauge and analyse the amount of content submitted by citizen journalists. The research also looked at a case study which illustrated the potential dangers of using news content submitted by citizen journalists. The research sought the professional opinions of a wide range of decision makers and influential people from the New Zealand media such as editors, journalists and publishers and those involved in the training of journalists in New Zealand. Using a Mini-DV video camera and a digital audio recorder, the researcher filmed and recorded interviewees and edited video clips of the interviews which were then published in the media gallery on the website www.theopennewsroom.com. The interviews sought to find out and discuss the online migration by the media, the new news ecosystem, the public’s participation in the media and the benefits and disadvantages of citizen journalism. To put the research into perspective, the website also carries some research articles and literature reviews on the media. The research findings from the interviews with New Zealand media professionals who participated in the study match trends happening in many countries. While most value the potential benefits of citizen journalists in the news process, some strongly expressed a great deal of skepticism and suspicion regarding news contribution from nontraditional journalism sources. In general, the research offered a series of insights into modern media rather than clear-cut answers
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Van, Meter Josh. "Experimental investigation of a printed circuit heat exchanger using supercritical carbon dioxide and water as heat transfer media." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/940.
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Mühlbauer, Jeffrey Thomas. "kâ-yôskâtahk ôma nêhiyawêwin : the representation of intentionality in Plains Cree." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/940.
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This thesis considers the reference system of Plains Cree, an Algonquian language spoken in Canada. I argue that the referential system of this language can be understood as coding distinctions in extentionality; it distinguishes between referents that possess perspectives (‘intentional’) and referents that do not (‘extentional’). With respect to perspectival possession, Plains Cree distinguishes four referential classes: (i) inherently extentional “Inanimate” referents, (ii) contextually extentional “Obviative” referents, (iii) contextually
intentional “Proximate” referents, and (iv) unspecified “Animate” referents. I then show
that the referential class “Obviative” is decompositional; it is constructed out of
components that code referential dependency, which is the confluence of structural
ordering and perspectival embedding. Finally, I consider the methodological issues raised by the study of referential types, showing how different data-collection methods interact with the semantics of perspectival possession.
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Yu, Xinying. "Job satisfaction of university academics in China." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/940.
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Higher education systems throughout the world are experiencing a difficult process of change that is impacting significantly on employees. This has meant that university academics have to do complex work in an increasingly demanding environment. The issue of academic job satisfaction is of growing concern because it has significant quality implications for universities. Many research studies of job satisfaction have looked at varied applications to the Western context, however, in the Chinese context, it is still relatively unclear what accounts for academic job satisfaction. This study can fill a gap in the previous job satisfaction literature in China and explores the idea that the influences upon this factor are culture related. This study investigates job satisfaction among university academics in China, It adopts a mixed methods approach which combined qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis techniques. The qualitative data were collected by semi-structured interviews with a total of fourteen academics in North University. Specifically, the interviewees were asked to consider the factors impact on their job satisfaction. NVivo 7 was used to categorize the qualitative data for analysis on the basis of the work related factors. The quantitative data were collected by questionnaires. A sample of 204 academics from six universities in Northeast China was sampled. The quantitative data were analyzed based on the factor analysis of principal components to derive groups of variables. Simple percentages, means and t-test were then used for data analysis. The findings revealed that academics'job satisfaction has strong relationships with their perceptions to a number of factors. Although there were no significant differences with respect to personal characteristics relating to overall job satisfaction, age had significant influence on job satisfaction with self-esteem and self-efficacy. Work related factors that prompted academic job satisfaction related to work groups, work itself and to intrinsic factors such as self-esteem, self-efficacy and self-actualisation, while the factors that contributed to dissatisfaction were mostly extrinsic factors related to pay and promotion. These findings are discussed in the light of motivation theories, higher education changes and cultural context. Cultural factors, such as power-concentrated, group-oriented, holistic relationships, have significant influences on Chinese academics' perceptions of their work. As these effects are particularly relevant to China, not all Western models of job satisfaction can be applied to the Chinese context. This thesis concludes that intrinsic factors tend to be dominant in Chinese university settings and are more likely to evoke university academics' job satisfaction rather than extrinsic ones, academics are satisfied with overall levels of job satisfaction, although not with pay and promotion.
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Shiga, Yoshinori. "Precise estimation of vocal tract and voice source characteristics." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/940.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis addresses the problem of quality degradation in speech produced by parameter-based speech synthesis, within the framework of an articulatory-acoustic forward mapping. I first investigate current problems in speech parameterisation, and point out the fact that conventional parameterisation inaccurately extracts the vocal tract response due to interference from the harmonic structure of voiced speech. To overcome this problem, I introduce a method for estimating filter responses more precisely from periodic signals. The method achieves such estimation in the frequency domain by approximating all the harmonics observed in several frames based on a least squares criterion. It is shown that the proposed method is capable of estimating the response more accurately than widely-used frame-by-frame parameterisation, for simulations using synthetic speech and for an articulatory-acoustic mapping using actual speech. I also deal with the source-filter separation problem and independent control of the voice source characteristic during speech synthesis. I propose a statistical approach to separating out the vocal-tract filter response from the voice source characteristic using a large articulatory database. The approach realises such separation for voiced speech using an iterative approximation procedure under the assumption that the speech production process is a linear system composed of a voice source and a vocal-tract filter, and that each of the components is controlled independently by different sets of factors. Experimental results show that controlling the source characteristic greatly improves the accuracy of the articulatory-acoustic mapping, and that the spectral variation of the source characteristic is evidently influenced by the fundamental frequency or the power of speech. The thesis provides more accurate acoustical approximation of the vocal tract response, which will be beneficial in a wide range of speech technologies, and lays the groundwork in speech science for a new type of corpus-based statistical solution to the source-filter separation problem.
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Stanton, Lee. "Topics in Ura Phonology and Morphophonology, with Lexicographic Application." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Linguistics, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/940.
Full textAbstract:
Ura, a minority language spoken in Papua New Guinea, appears to be a candidate for eventual extinction, with an estimated 1,900 speakers, very few (if any) of them monolinguals. Any language is a unique vantage point from which to see humanity and our world in its various facets, and preserving endangered languages seems at least as worthy a pursuit as the many efforts globally at saving endangered species of flora and fauna. Also of great importance is the revitalisation (or first-time facilitation) of identity, esteem and dignity for speakers with regard to their language (and, inseparably, culture). This thesis gives an overview of the sociolinguistic context of Ura, followed by a description and analysis of the phonology of Ura, and then addresses of some of the morphophonology. Features explored include vowel centring and harmony, phonologically and morphophonologically conditioned epenthesis, and diachronic and synchronic alternations. The final chapter provides practical application of the issues discussed as they would relate to an Ura dictionary, and includes samples of the suggested wording and format of introductory notes and entries. It is hoped that what is currently in progress or completed in the Ura language in terms of records, translation, literacy and linguistic analysis (of which this thesis is a part) will facilitate and support progress towards strength and vitality that will not perish.
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Vosloo, Cristel. "A psychometric evaluation of a measure of emotional intelligence for university students / Cristel Vosloo." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/940.
Full textAbstract:
Business leaders are increasingly coming to recognise that there is more to business success than
technical and cognitive competence. Personnel leadership is proving to be critical for business
bottom-line achievements considering that most business outcomes are achieved through human
capital. Emotional intelligence can be used to the advantage of organisations by developing an
emotional intelligence audit. The objective of this study was to investigate the psychometric
properties of the Emotional Intelligence Scale (SEIS) developed by Schutte, Malouff, Hall,
Haggerty, Cooper, Golden and Dornheim (1998) for Economic Science students from a higher
education institution in the North-West Province, South Africa. The psychometric soundness of
the SEIS was tested. The general objective of the research is to standardise a psychometric
instrument of emotional intelligence and determine the validity of The Schutte Emotional
Intelligence Questionnaire (SEIS) (Schutte, et al., 1998). Specific objectives include the
conceptualisation of the importance of a standardised psychometric instrument of emotional
intelligence in South Africa; the conceptualisation of the nature and evolvement of emotional
intelligence measurements in general; determining the validity and internal consistency of the
SEIS; and establishing whether any possible group differences in terms of biographical data exist
in emotional intelligence. A valid and reliable measure of emotional intelligence could be
valuable in the organisation to identify specific EI needs that could be developed through the
implementation of EI development programmes. In this context a standardised psychometric
instrument of EI could be of use in organisations during the training and development of
employees.
A cross-sectional method with an availability sample (N = 341) from Economical Science
students from a higher education institution was used. The results supported a six-factor model
of emotional intelligence, consisting of Positive Affect, Emotion-Others, Happy Emotions,
Emotions-Own, Non-verbal Emotions and Emotional Management. The multi-analysis of
variance (MANOVA) was used to determine differences in terms of biographical data. The
results indicated significant differences between gender and language groups. African language
groups compared with Afrikaans and English language groups experienced higher levels of
positive affect. Females compared with males experienced higher levels of understanding of the
emotions of other people.
Recommendations for future research were made.Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
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Ngai, Kimberly. "Beyond Bias and Criminalization: Factors Behind Latino Youth Crime Trends." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/940.
Full textAbstract:
Latino youth experience factors unique to their own ethnicity, and it is partly these factors which play a significant role in their decision to engage in delinquent activity. Perpetual bias, criminalization, and punitive punishment at the hands of those with authoritative power also contribute to Latino youth’s decisions to engage in delinquent activity as a coping mechanism. Although trends in Latino youth crime have been decreasing and are presently at historic lows, an analysis of the factors that drive the respective trends will allow insight into creating policy suggestions to benefit the growing Latino community as a whole. Motivation to reduce trends in Latino youth crime primarily through a deep understanding of the culture include utilized its strengths to successfully rehabilitate and nurture at-risk youth. Implementation of community-based groups in at-risk neighborhoods should be the first step to laying the groundwork of reducing Latino youth crime.
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Forysiak, Wladek. "Dynamics of three-level optically pumped lasers." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/940.
Full text
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De, Beer Christina Magdelena. "Leadership shifts required to be successful in the new economy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/940.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The mass production economy of the major part of the twentieth century has undergone a fundamental change to a global, knowledge-based and entrepreneurial-driven economy, where products and services are now fuelled by innovation, technology and knowledge. Over the last few decades, globalisation has transformed the commercial and political world, and globalisation itself is now entering a more complex phase. Centers of economic activities have shifted profoundly, not only globally, but also regionally. Along with this shift, new rules have been established. Faced with the challenges of the new economy, organisations are forced to adapt to the changes with which they are confronted as customers, markets, societies, employees, competition and technology are all impacted. The new economy requires a different type of leader. Achieving high performance in an increasingly interdependent world will become a challenge facing organisations in both developed and emerging economies. The degree of connectivity between economies, business and individuals worldwide is probably the most important element of the new economy. Highly improbable, but also highly consequential types of events will become more frequent as turbulence increases. Implausible events become possible. Leaders with the ability to anticipate the probability of such occurrences will be the ones who will reap benefits by applying the dynamics pertaining to the new economy. Interest in leadership and the theories thereof gained momentum during the twentieth century. Even though many leadership theories developed over the last decades, the core of these theories changed little. However, the new economy brings new challenges and leaders must also adapt to the changing environment. Without effective leaders companies cannot succeed. It is therefore imperative that leaders understand the qualities of the environment as well as the attributes they need to be successful. Leaders who have the foresight to take advantage of the opportunities which the new economy offers them and who have mastered the ability to react with agility to these opportunities will have the competitive advantage needed for the future.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die massa produksie ekonomie van die groter deel van die twintigste eeu het ‘n fundamentele verandering ondergaan na ‘n globale, kennis gebaseerde en entrepreneur gedrewe ekonomie, waar produkte en dienste nou deur innovasie, tegnologie en kennis aangevuur word. Globalisering het die kommersiële en politiese wêreld gedurende die laaste paar dekades getransformeer en globalisering is self besig om ’n meer komplekse fase binne te tree. Sentra van ekonomiese aktiwiteit het drasties geskuif, beide globaal en streeksgewys. Tesame met hierdie skuif het nuwe reëls ontstaan. Organisasies word gekonfronteer met die uitdagings van die nuwe ekonomie en is geforseer om aan te pas by die uitdagings wat voor hul lê, aangesien kliënte, markte, gemeenskappe, werknemers, kompetisie en tegnologie almal geïmpakteer word. Die nuwe ekonomie vereis ‘n nuwe tipe leier. Om hoë prestasie in ’n toenemend interafhanklike wêreld te bereik is ’n uitdaging wat organisasies in beide die ontwikkelde en ontwikkelende lande in die gesig staar. Die hoë vlak van skakeling tussen ekonomieë, besighede en individue wêreldwyd is waarskynlik die belangrikste element van die nuwe ekonomie. Soos wat turbulensie toeneem, sal hoogs onwaarskynlike, maar ook hoogs konsekwensiële tipes gebeurtenisse ook meer dikwels voorkom. Onverstaanbare gebeurtenisse het moontlik geword. Leiers met die vermoë om die waarskynlikheid van sulke gebeurtenisse te voorspel sal diegene wees wat die vrugte van die nuwe ekonomie sal pluk deur die regte dinamika toe te pas. Belangstelling in leierskap en leierskap teorieë het momentum bygekry gedurende die twintigste eeu. Alhoewel baie leierskap teorieë ontwikkel het gedurende die laaste paar dekades, het die kern daarvan weinig verander. Die leierskap model van die nuwe ekonomie verskil egter heelwat van die huidige. Maatskappye kan nie oorleef sonder effektiewe leiers nie. Om daardie rede is dit noodsaaklik dat leiers die eienskappe van die omgewing verstaan, sowel as die eienskappe wat hulle nodig het om suksesvol te wees. Leiers met die nodige insig om voordeel te trek uit die geleenthede wat die nuwe ekonomie aan hulle bied, en wie die vermoë bemeester het om met gereedheid te reageer op hierdie geleenthede, sal die kompeterende voordeel in die toekoms hê.
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Worley, Taylor. "Theology and contemporary visual art : making dialogue possible." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/940.
Full textAbstract:
Within the field of theological aesthetics, this project assesses the divide between theological accounts of art and the re-emergence of religious imagery in modern and contemporary art. More specifically, American Protestant theologians and their accounts of visual art will be taken up as a representative set of contemporary theological inquiry in the arts. Under this category, evaluation will be made of three diverse traditions in American Protestant thought: Paul Tillich and Liberal Protestantism, Francis Schaeffer and the Neo-Calvinists, and the open evangelical accounts of Nicholas Wolterstorff and William Dyrness. With respect to modern and contemporary visual art, this evaluation judges the degree to which theologians have understood the primary concepts and dominant narratives of various modernisms and postmodernisms of art since the end of the nineteenth century, recognised the watershed moments in the lineage of the twentieth century avant-garde, and acknowledged the influence of critical theory not only upon the contemporary discourse in aesthetics and art production but also in the social reception of art. In tracing the re-emergence of religious imagery in modern and contemporary art, this project takes up three diverse traditions: the Crucifixions of Francis Bacon and the memento mori art of Damien Hirst, the ‘re-enchantment’ of art in the work of Joseph Beuys, and the art of ‘False Blasphemy’ associated with lapsed Catholics like Rober Gober and Andres Serrano. By assessing what theologians have written concerning visual art and the surprising return of certain religious imagery in modern and contemporary art, this study will intimate a new way forward in a mutually beneficial dialogue for art and religious belief.
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Yebba, Anthony R. "Voice Mail: A Way To Enhance Faculty Office Hours." NSUWorks, 1989. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/940.
Full textAbstract:
Voice Mail: A way to enhance faculty office hours. Yebba, Anthony R. 1989: A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in computer education at Nova University.
Descriptors: Voice Mail / Voice Messaging / PhoneMail Faculty Voice Mail / Faculty Office Hours and Voice Mail / Voice Mail Faculty Office Hours the writer addressed the problem of limited faculty office hours available for student help. Based on interviews with several faculty members and students, the writer determined that students found it difficult to meet with the faculty because of either limited faculty office hours or time conflicts.
The writer used a project planning model as the means of reaching a solution to the problem. The goal of the project was to provide an alternative method of faculty office hours by using a voice mail procedure. The writer used the college's voice messaging technology to develop a voice mail procedure that allowed students to send messages to the faculty. The faculty could call voice mail at any time to listen to and respond to student questions. The students could periodically check for answers to their questions and retrieve them. The system was defined by a systems definition team and implemented by the voice Mail Systems Administrator. The systems definition team completely tested the new voice mail procedure and corrected any errors encountered.
A training guide was developed and a faculty test group was trained on the procedure. The system was operational during a four week period to ascertain its success or failure. On completion of the test period, the faculty and the students were provided with survey forms to record their evaluation and comments. Based on the analysis of the faculty and student surveys, the Director of Information Services recommended that the new procedure be made available to the entire faculty.
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Bailly, Sarah. "Names, Violence, and the African American Vernacular in Richard Wright's The Outsider." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2009. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/940.
Full textAbstract:
An analysis of the names and violence in Richard Wright's The Outsider reveals Wright's aesthetic program for the novel. Wright's recurring themes and the meanings of the name and aliases of his protagonist are indicative of African American vernacular tradition. Despite Wright's physical distance from African American life in the United States at the time of the novel's writing, he still conveys a strong connection to the African American experience, linking that experience with the suffering of all oppressed people. By using the idea of double-consciousness and various forms of signification, including masking, naming, and improvisation, Wright locates his work within the African American folk tradition and celebrates the freedom and subversive nature of African American expression.
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Parker, Lianne. "Who Will Be Successful in The Gig Economy: Adaptability, Generations, Gender, Marriage, and Children." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/940.
Full textAbstract:
The Gig-Economy is an alternative way of describing a world where long-term employees turn into short-term independent contractors in charge of their own careers. The cross-sectional half of the current study will gather data from multiple generations of professionals and emerging professionals that assesses their career adaptabilities, gender, marital status, presence of children, and preference for the Gig Economy. Previous research has not analyzed these factors in combination with each other. The Millennial participants from the cross-sectional portion of the study will be tested once every five years as they progress through their careers on these same measures. Millennials will have more career adapt abilities than other generations, and will prefer the Gig Economy more than other generations. However, females will prefer the Gig Economy more than men, as it provides for more flexibility. Those who are married and especially those with children will prefer the Gig Economy more than those who are unmarried or without children. The information from the current study will be helpful to anyone currently working in or about to start working. It will allow career counselors information with which to best guide Millennials and all those struggling to find their way in the Gig Economy.
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Freire, Laurecy Rodrigues. "A paisagem no ensino de Geografia: reflexões a partir da abordagem de professores e livros didáticos de ensino médio." Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/940.
Full textAbstract:
O presente trabalho consiste em um estudo sobre a paisagem no ensino de Geografia que tem
como objetivo geral analisar como é abordado o conceito de paisagem por professores e Livro
Didático, no Ensino Médio, nas escolas públicas de Porto Nacional – TO. Para atingir o
objetivo geral foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico referente ao conceito de paisagem na
ciência geográfica e investigou-se, também, o conceito de paisagem presente no Livro
Didático adotado pelas escolas pesquisadas. Para tanto, foram analisadas 07 coleções
didáticas do Ensino Médio, cada coleção possui 03 volumes. Utilizou-se o Guia do Livro
Didático PNLD 2015, pelo fato de ser este o guia norteador das coleções analisadas que
pertencem ao triênio 2015, 2016 e 2017. Para esta análise foi levado em consideração:
concepção de paisagem – observar a forma como o autor compreende esse conceito (os
elementos que considera integrantes da paisagem) verificar se a paisagem aparece como um
conteúdo específico (unidade do livro) ou é recorrente em todo o Livro Didático; observar se
existe alguma sugestão de atividade prática em relação ao conceito de paisagem; como o autor
do livro sugere trabalhar com esse conceito, assim com a sugestão bibliográfica. Analisou-se,
também, os métodos adotados pelos professores para trabalhar a paisagem no Ensino Médio e
sua relação com o Livro Didático. Foram entrevistados 7 professores de Geografia das escolas
públicas estaduais que oferecem Ensino Médio do município de Porto Nacional – TO. Foi
possível constatar que o conceito de paisagem é mencionado nos livros a partir do conceito de
espaço geográfico, sendo pouco trabalhado nas coleções didáticas em geral. A partir das
entrevistas concedidas constatou-se que os professores compreendem a importância do
conceito de paisagem para o desenvolvimento dos alunos e procuram abordar esse conceito a
partir do cotidiano do aluno, assim valoriza o seu conhecimento prévio. Os professores
afirmaram que apesar das dificuldades encontradas para realizarem as aulas práticas, é
necessário criar alternativas viáveis para que o processo de ensino aprendizagem ocorra de
forma significativa.The present work consists of a study about the landscape in the teaching of Geography, whose general objective is to analyze how the concept of landscape by teachers and Didactic Book in High School in the public schools of Porto Nacional - TO is approached. In order to reach the general objective, a bibliographical survey was carried out concerning the concept of landscape in geographic science and the concept of landscape present in the didactic book adopted by the schools studied was also investigated. In order to do so, we analyzed 7 didactic collections of High School, each collection has 03 volumes. The Guide of the PNLD 2015 Textbook was used because it is the guiding guide for the analyzed collections that belong to the triennium 2015, 2016 and 2017. For this analysis was taken into consideration: landscape conception - to observe how the author understands this concept (the elements that consider members of the landscape) to verify if the landscape appears as a specific content (unit of the book) or is recurrent throughout the didactic book; to observe if there is any suggestion of practical activity in relation to the concept of landscape; as the author of the book suggests working with this concept, as well as with the bibliographical suggestion. It was also analyzed the methods adopted by the teachers to work the landscape in High School and its relation with the Didactic Book. We interviewed 7 teachers of Geography of the state public schools that offer High School in the municipality of Porto Nacional - TO. It was possible to verify that the concept of landscape is mentioned in the books from the concept of geographic space, being little worked in the didactic collections in general. Based on the interviews, it was found that teachers understand the importance of the concept of landscape for the development of students and seek to approach this concept from the student's daily life, thus enhancing their prior knowledge. The teachers stated that despite the difficulties encountered to perform the practical classes, it is necessary to create viable alternatives so that the process of teaching learning occurs in a significant way.
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Lucena, Gonçalo Maria D'Aguiar de. "Tendências na evolução da fertilidade em explorações de bovinos leiteiros em Gloucestershire." Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/940.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaA fertilidade é um factor de extrema importância económica nas explorações de bovinos leiteiros. Nas últimas décadas tem-se observado, à escala mundial, uma diminuição da fertilidade aparentemente associada ao aumento da produção leiteira, e que ao ser contrariada, poderá contribuir para uma melhoria do desempenho económico das explorações. O intervalo entre partos ajustado é um índice que representa, de alguma forma, o impacto que essa diminuição da fertilidade tem na economia da exploração, mas outros índices, como as taxas de gestação e de detecção de estro tem que ser avaliadas para melhor compreensão dos problemas de fertilidade das explorações. Utilizando dados de campo, recolhido tanto pelos produtores como pelos veterinários do Wood Veterinary Group, avaliou-se o desempenho reprodutivo das explorações de bovinos leiteiros da região de Gloucestershire, no Reino Unido, utilizando uma variedade de índices. Observou-se que, entre 1984 e 2006, houve, em concordância com outros estudos, uma diminuição do desempenho reprodutivo, com base em quase todos os parâmetros estudados. Observou-se também que a taxa de detecção de cios diminuiu mais do que a taxa de gestação ao 1º serviço e a taxa de gestação global. Porém, a diminuição destas duas últimas pode estar relacionada com a diminuição da taxa de detecção de cios e que, por sua vez, contribui também para o alongamento do intervalo partoconcepção e do intervalo entre partos. É, portanto, importante desenvolver métodos mais eficientes e precisos de detecção de cio que ajudem a contrariar a tendência actual da fertilidade. Para isso, é também necessário utilizar estratégias nutricionais, hormonais e genéticas.
ABSTRACT Fertility is an extremely important issue in dairy farming economics. Over the last decades a decline in fertility in dairy cattle, associated with increasing milk yields, has been reported. Reverting this trend would improve dairy farming economic performance. Adjusted calving interval is a good index for fertility assessment, but other parameters should be used to investigate fertility problems. Reproductive performance was assessed in dairy farms in Gloucestershire, United Kingdom, using field data collected by farmers and Wood Veterinary Group veterinarians. Likewise in other studies data, there was a decrease in reproductive performance between 1984 and 2006, in virtually all parameters studied. Heat detection decreased more than the pregnancy rate, and the decrease observed in the latter might be related to decreasing heat detection accuracy. Increases in calving-conception and calving intervals are also related to declining heat detection rates. It’s important to develop new heat detection methods to revert the actual trend in fertility. Nutritional, endocrine therapy and genetic approaches will also be helpful.
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Silva, Maria Clara Ferreira da. "Stress em função da tarefa nos enfermeiros especialistas do Hospital Júlio de Matos." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/940.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado em Comportamento OrganizacionalO objectivo do presente estudo foi o de estudar a relação existente entre o stress (fontes de stress, experiências de stress e medidas de interferência cognitiva) e as tarefas geradoras de tensão, desempenhadas por enfermeiros especialistas em doentes crónicos / evolução prolongada e por doentes agudos, (stress/tarefa). O estudo envolveu três amostras distintas retiradas da população dos enfermeiros especialistas do quadro do Hospital Júlio de Matos, através da participação voluntária de 23 sujeitos, dos quais 5 são enfermeiros especialistas em serviços de doentes crónicos e 18 são enfermeiros em serviços de doentes agudos (estudo das fontes de stress). Da escolha aleatória de 15 sujeitos, que foram submetidos a entrevista 5 são enfermeiros especialistas em doentes crónicos e 10 são enfermeiros especialistas em doentes agudos (experiência de stress). Da realização voluntária de 61 sujeitos que realizaram o teste de Stroop, dos quais 22 trabalham com doentes crónicos e 39 com doentes agudos (níveis de stress como medida de interferência cognitiva). Os instrumentos utilizados formam respectivamente os diários de acontecimentos stressantes, as entrevistas individuais e o teste de Stroop). Os resultados obtidos evidenciam diferenças significativas nos enfermeiros especialistas em doentes crónicos no que diz respeito aos níveis de stress obtidos através da medida de interferência cognitiva, relativamente ao inicio e fim do terceiro e quinto períodos de trabalho, enquanto que nos enfermeiros especialistas em doentes agudos não se verificaram diferenças significativas em nenhum período de trabalho. Os resultados dos níveis de stress obtidos no inicio e no fim de cada período de trabalho são em termos absolutos superiores para os enfermeiros especialistas em doentes crónicos , à medida que se aproxima o final do período de trabalho. Relativamente às fontes de stress e às experiências de stress os enfermeiros especialistas em doentes agudos, evidenciam muito mais circunstâncias stressantes (organizacionais e extraorganizacionais) do que os enfermeiros especialistas em doentes crónicos, ambos dão importância à sobrecarga de trabalho. Porém, os enfermeiros especialistas em doentes agudos também consideram stressantes todas as situações que se ligam com a imprevisibilidade e agressividade dos doentes.
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Leite, Joana Matos. "Obesidade infantil e alterações das provas funcionais respiratórias." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/940.
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A obesidade é uma doença crónica que afecta todos os grupos etários e cuja prevalência está a aumentar a uma taxa alarmante, incluindo a obesidade infantil. Esta doença multifactorial exerce vários efeitos metabólicos adversos e, apesar do seu impacto no sistema respiratório ser menos evidenciado, a literatura documenta efeitos significativos na função respiratória do adulto. No entanto, dados referentes ao impacto da obesidade infantil na função respiratória são limitados e pouco concordantes. O presente estudo teve como objectivo investigar os efeitos da obesidade infantil de causa exógena nos parâmetros das provas funcionais respiratórias (PFR). Os participantes foram recrutados durante o período de Janeiro a Março de 2009, na Consulta de Obesidade Infantil e Adolescência do Hospital Sousa Martins, na Guarda. Nenhum dos participantes tinha evidência clínica ou diagnóstica de doença cardio-respiratória. Foram estudadas 30 crianças, com idades compreendidas entre os 5 e os 16 anos e com um índice de massa corporal (IMC) médio de 26,6 kg/m2. A investigação teve dois momentos de avaliação distintos: (1) a realização de questionários, anamnese e exame objectivo durante a consulta; e (2) a realização das PFR, incluindo espirometria, pletismografia e capacidade de difusão. O grau de obesidade foi avaliado pelo IMC e pela percentagem de massa gorda corporal obtida por bioimpedância eléctrica.
Verificaram-se como alterações predominantes das PFR a diminuição do fluxo expiratório forçado entre 25-75% da capacidade vital forçada e do pico máximo de fluxo expiratório, com valores inferiores ao limite inferior da normalidade em 43,3% e 40% da amostra, respectivamente. Encontraram-se correlações negativas moderadas entre o IMC e a capacidade de difusão (R=-0,401; p=0,05), e entre esta e a percentagem de massa gorda corporal (R=-0,448; p=0,05). Em conclusão, este estudo sugere uma provável relação entre a obesidade infantil e obstrução das vias aéreas, sobretudo as de pequeno calibre; assim como aponta para um impacto negativo da obesidade na capacidade de difusão, sugerindo que ocorre uma provável diminuição da área disponível para realização das trocas gasosas. Desta forma, o pedido de PFR de rotina em crianças obesas poderá ser útil para uma melhor compreensão das repercussões da obesidade na função respiratória e uma detecção precoce de alterações passíveis de tratamento.Obesity is a chronic disease that affects all age groups, whose prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate, including childhood obesity. This multifactorial disease leads to several adverse metabolic effects and, despite its impact on the respiratory system being less evident, literature refers to significant effects on the respiratory function of the adult. However, data about the impact of childhood obesity on respiratory function are limited and not very consistent. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous childhood obesity on the respiratory function test (RFT) parameters. Participants were recruited during the period from January to March 2009, in Childhood Obesity and Adolescence Consultation, in Sousa Martins Hospital, in Guarda. None of the participants had clinical evidence or diagnosis of cardio-respiratory disease. Thirty children aged 5 to 16 years old and with an average body mass index (BMI) of 26.6 kg/m2 were studied. The research had two different moments of assessment: (1) completion of questionnaires, clinical history and objective examination during the consultation; and (2) execution of RFT, including spirometry, lung volumes, and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide. The degree of obesity was assessed by BMI and the percentage of body fat mass obtained by electrical bioimpedance. Reduction in forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of forced vital capacity and peak expiratory flow were the commonest abnormalities, with values below the lower limit of normal in 43.3% and 40% of the sample respectively. There were moderate negative correlations between BMI and diffusion capacity (R =- 0.401, p = 0.05), and between this one and the percentage of body fat mass (R =- 0.448, p = 0.05). In conclusion, this study suggests a possible relation between childhood obesity and airway obstruction, especially in small airways; and points out to a negative impact of obesity on diffusion capacity, suggesting that probably occurs a decrease in surface area available to gas exchange. So, a routine respiratory function test in obese children can be useful for better understanding of obesity repercussions on respiratory function and for an early detection of abnormalities susceptible to treatment.
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Fulham, Melissa A. "Characterization of Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Alcoholic Liver Disease." eScholarship@UMMS, 2017. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/940.
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Adipose tissue inflammation has an impact on liver health and it has been demonstrated that chronic alcohol consumption leads to the expression of pro-inflammatory markers in the adipose tissue. A thorough characterization of alcohol-induced adipose inflammation is lacking, and is important to understand in order to identify immune-related mechanisms that drive this phenomenon. Current therapeutic regimens for alcoholic liver disease are ineffective. It is critical to understand how other organs influence liver injury in this disease when developing novel and effective therapies in the future.
Alcoholic liver disease exhibits a sexual dimorphism; women are more susceptible to liver injury than men and the same paradigm exists in rodent models. Here, I demonstrate that female mice have greater alcohol-induced adipose tissue inflammation than male mice, evidenced by greater expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell markers. Further, female mice also exhibit higher expression of toll-like receptor genes in the adipose tissue, suggesting a potential role for the innate immune system in alcohol-induced adipose inflammation.
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been demonstrated to drive inflammation in both the liver and adipose tissue. I used both germline and conditional knockouts of Tlr4 to characterize alcohol-induced changes in the immune cell composition of adipose tissue. Alcohol increased the number of pro-inflammatory adipose tissue macrophages. This macrophage phenotype switching is partially dependent on TLR4; germline, but not myeloid-specific, Tlr4-deletion prevents macrophage phenotype switching. Overall, my work demonstrates that alcohol-induced adipose tissue inflammation is related to liver injury and that TLR4 contributes to adipose macrophage phenotype switching.
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Cuevas, Ramos Gabriel. "Effets génotoxiques des souches de Escherichia coli produisant la colibactine." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/940/.
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Escherichia coli (E. Coli) est une bactérie commensale qui réside dans le tractus gastro-intestinal des mammifères, principalement au niveau du côlon. Certaines souches de E. Coli sont aussi des pathogènes intestinaux ou du système urinaire voire systémique (souches pathogènes extra-intestinales). Environ 34% des souches commensales de E. Coli du groupe phylogénétique B2 et 53% des souches isolées d'infections extra-intestinales possèdent dans leur génome un îlot génomique " pks " qui code pour la production d'un polyketide-peptide non-ribosomal, la Colibactine. Les souches de E. Coli pks+ provoquent des cassures double-brin de l'ADN (CDB) dans des cellules eucaryotes en culture. Dans mes travaux de thèse, j'ai examiné l'expression et l'activité de la Colibactine in vivo, et étudié les conséquences pour les cellules hôte des dommages à l'ADN infligés par la toxine. J'ai pu montrer dans un modèle murin d'anses ligaturées du côlon, avec un système rapporteur GFP, que les gènes de l'îlot pks étaient bien exprimés in vivo. En utilisant comme marqueur des CDB l'histone H2AX phosphorylée (gamma-H2AX), j'ai démontré la présence de ces lésions dans les cellules épithéliales du côlon après l'injection d'une E. Coli pks+ mais pas après l'injection d'un mutant isogénique déficient pour la production de Colibactine. Ces résultats ont été confirmés avec un autre modèle murin dans lequel les souris étaient traitées par des antibiotiques puis gavés avec les E. Coli pks+. Pour examiner les conséquences des dommages à l'ADN infligés par la Colibactine, j'ai utilisé un modèle de cellules en culture infectées avec les E. Coli pks+ à une dose infectieuse comparable à celle qui peut avoir lieu in vivo. Les cellules exposées aux faibles doses de bactéries (1 à 20 bactéries/cellule) produisant la Colibactine répondaient aux dommages à l'ADN de façon transitoire et réversible, puis ces cellules poursuivaient leurs divisions. Toutefois, une fraction de ces cellules en mitose montrait des signes de persistance des CDB, des ponts anaphasiques et des micronoyaux. Ceci entrainait des aberrations chromosomiques (translocations, anneaux, dicentriques), ainsi que de l'aneuploïdie / tétraploïdie. .Escherichia coli (E. Coli) is a commensal bacterium that inhabits the mammalian gastrointestinal (GI) tract, especially the colon. Some E. Coli strains are pathogenic, infecting the GI tract, or extra-intestinal tissues. Up to 34% of commensal strains of phylogenetic group B2 and 53% of E. Coli strains isolated from extra-intestinal infections have in their genome the genomic island "pks", which codes for the production of a non-ribosomal polyketide-peptide hybrid compound, called Colibactin. E. Coli pks+ strains cause DNA double strand breaks (CDB) in cultured eukaryotic cells. During my thesis, I examined the in vivo expression and activity of Colibactine, and studied the consequences of Colibactin-inflicted CDB in infected cells. I showed in a colon loop mice model, using a GFP reporter system, that the pks genes were expressed in vivo. Using the phosphorylated histone H2AX (gamma-H2AX) as a marker of CDB, I showed that Colibactin inflicted CDBs in colonocytes following injection of a E. Coli pks+ strain, but not an isogenic mutant impaired for Colibactin production. These results were confirmed using an antibiotic-treated mice model in which animals were fed per os with the strains after five days of antibiotic treatment. In order to study the consequences of this genotoxic exposure, I used various cultured cell lines that were infected in vitro with infection doses relevant to what can occur in vivo. Cells exposed to low dose infections (1 - 20 bacteria/cell) showed a transient DNA damage response followed by cell division. .
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Brochocka, Aleksandra. "Występowanie chorób odkleszczowych u zwierząt gospodarskich na terenie województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego." Rozprawa doktorska, Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy w Bydgoszczy, 2016. http://dlibra.utp.edu.pl/Content/940.
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Артамонова, Т. Г. "Рецепция сюжета о Дон Кихоте в русской литературе 1920-1930-х годов : автореф. дис. … канд. филол. наук : 10.01.01." Thesis, б. и, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/940.
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Sciortino, Douglas. "Satellite Constellation Architecture and Design to take Advantage of On-Orbit Servicing and Repair." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2018. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/940.
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Access to space is becoming less expensive, which is allowing smaller companies with big ideas, such as on-orbit servicing and repair, to enter into the space industry. On-orbit servicing and repair provides capabilities, such as towing, refueling, inspections, and physical repair, to add additional life to on-orbit satellites by resolving life-limiting issues. On-orbit servicing and repair is technically possible, but there is still one major issue that continues to stifle the on-orbit servicing and repair market -- “satellites are not built with servicing in mind” (Parker, 2015).The on-orbit servicing and repair industry is stagnate due to a challenging conundrum. Potential satellite customers are unwilling to pay for on-orbit servicing or repair until the capability is successfully demonstrated on-orbit. Unfortunately, it is difficult for the industry to prove the capability without customers willing to take a little risk. This “chicken and egg” scenario leaves several satellite manufacturers unwilling to change their satellite architectures and designs to accommodate on-orbit servicing and repair. This paper attempts to show the “how” and the “why” the space industry should change their architectures and designs to enable on-orbit servicing and repair.There are many satellite bus components/consumables, including software, that could fail and shorten a satellite’s life. However, the bus components/consumables that fail the most, batteries, solar arrays, propellant, reaction wheels, and power distribution components, are best suited for on-orbit servicing and repair. These five bus components/consumables, in addition to the satellite as a whole, will require several design changes specific to each bus component, which will drive new or updated requirements for each. Additionally, to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of on-orbit servicing and repair, satellite architectures will require changes, such as an on-orbit depot, on-orbit warehouse, and on-orbit gas tank.The consequence of changing satellite design will affect satellite ground testing. The on-orbit servicing and repair processes, such as rendezvous, docking, and EMI/EMC will require testing between the on-orbit servicer and its customer satellite. The on-orbit servicing and repair capability provides the satellite manufacturer the ability to reduce qualification testing, run-time testing, and burn-in testing. This capability increases the probability that redundancy for these five bus components/consumables is no longer required, which reduces the hardware cost and testing schedule for each satellite. On-orbit servicing and repair creates seven new risks -- do no harm, debris and contamination, on-orbit servicer reliability, politics, cyber security, liability, and unintended consequences -- that must be mitigated.Two simple business cases demonstrate the possible value of this new capability. The business case for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) does not provide a return on investment, because on-orbit servicing and repair in LEO is too difficult and too expensive to justify an investment. On the other hand, the business case for Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO), in two distinct scenarios, does provide a return on investment. Those two scenarios are a beginning of life anomaly, and an extension of life.
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Pereira, Ana Paula Carteiro Conde. "Cultura in vitro do Ulmeiro : (Ulmus minor Mill.)." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/940.
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Doutoramento em BiologiaO ulmeiro que predomina em Portugal (Ulmus minor Mill.), é uma árvore de extrema importância como ornamental e como fornecedora de madeira de excelente qualidade. Infelizmente, desde o início do século passado, a grafiose dos ulmeiros ou DED (“Dutch Elm Disease”) está a provocar uma devastadora mortandade tendo o número de ulmeiros diminuído drasticamente por todo o Hemisfério Norte. Esta catástrofe desencadeou uma intensa pesquisa que incidiu na obtenção de híbridos tolerantes à doença e no controlo desta. Os resultados obtidos não recompensaram o investimento realizado. A conservação e a melhoria dos ulmeiros continua assim a ser uma prioridade dada a perda de variabilidade genética que surge como consequência do seu desaparecimento. A cultura in vitro é uma área que permite a concretização destes objectivos, uma vez que possibilita a multiplicação e conservação de genótipos importantes mas também a sua melhoria através, por exemplo, da fusão de protoplastos. Actualmente, defende-se ainda que o estabelecimento de um sistema eficiente de regeneração de plantas é indispensável na recuperação de clones/indivíduos conservados pelo frio, dado que a preservação de colecções de ulmeiros em campo é muito dispendiosa. Protocolos de introdução in vitro foram já desenvolvidos para algumas espécies de Ulmus. No entanto, o ulmeiro exibe uma grande variedade de respostas no que respeita ao seu cultivo in vitro pelo que, para um determinado genótipo, é frequente ser necessário desenvolver um particular sistema de cultura. Por todas estas razões, o estudo sobre a cultura in vitro do ulmeiro existente em Portugal era importante e inadiável. A cultura in vitro de U. minor foi iniciada com o estabelecimento de um protocolo de proliferação de rebentos, a partir de várias árvores, utilizando um meio com a constituição base de DKW. Após uma fase de enraizamento in vitro ou em solo, as plantas aclimatizadas foram transferidas para o campo. Foram também obtidas plantas por produção adventícia de rebentos em calo e folhas. Na presença de 1 mg/l de BAP foram obtidos rebentos via organogénese indirecta em calo e, nas folhas, foram obtidos rebentos por via directa e indirecta. Numa segunda fase, foram isolados protoplastos a partir de folhas e de calo, usando uma série de combinações de enzimas hidrolíticas. Os protoplastos de folha in vitro foram cultivados usando vários métodos, tendo o método de cultura em gotas de agarose promovido a formação de colónias e de microcalos. Pela primeira vez, o meio KM foi usado com sucesso no cultivo de protoplastos de folha de ulmeiro. Finalmente, foram ensaiados protocolos para o estabelecimento de culturas embriogénicas. Sendo a embriogénese somática uma das vias mais lucrativas de regeneração de plantas, esta enquadra-se na estratégia actual adoptada para o ulmeiro como uma inegável mais valia. Uma vez que este tipo de cultura ainda não tinha sido estabelecido a partir de material adulto do género Ulmus, o seu estudo era fundamental e foi abordado com especial interesse e detalhe. O protocolo que se mostrou mais eficiente foi aquele que envolveu o uso de folhas jovens in vitro que foram colocadas em meio MS com 2,4-D e cinetina, no escuro, durante oito semanas. Nestas condições obteve-se um calo embriogénico a partir do qual se formaram as estruturas embriogénicas. Os protocolos de cultura in vitro do ulmeiro, estabelecidos nesta tese, fornecem assim uma imprescindível base de trabalho em futuros programas de conservação e melhoramento da população Portuguesa de ulmeiros.
The elm tree that predominates in Portugal (Ulmus minor Miill.) is important both as ornamental and as a timber supplier of excellent quality. Unfortunately, DED (Dutch Elm Disease) has been the cause of a catastrophic drop in the number of elms in all the Northern Hemisphere, since the beginning of the 20th century. This catastrophe has lead an intense research about, in one way, the control of the disease and in another way in the production of tolerant hybrids. Despite this intense research, the results do not reward the performed investment. The goals of elm preservation and improvement remains regarding the genetic losses due to elm disappearance. In vitro culture is an area that allows the concretization of these goals since it permits the multiplication and preservation of important genotypes and also their improvement by, for example, protoplast fusion. Actually, the establishment of an efficient system of plant regeneration is also defended as indispensable in the recuperation of clones/genotypes criopreserved, since the maintenance of elm collections in the field is very expensive. Micropropagation protocols had already been developed for some species of Ulmus. However, there is a great genotypic variety concerning elm’s in vitro culture and often, for one determined genotype, it is necessary to develop a particular system of culture. For these reasons, the study of in vitro culture of the elm from Portugal was very important and undelayable. Ulmus minor in vitro culture was initiated by the establishment of a protocol for proliferation of shoots, from various trees, using a medium with the basal constitution of DKW. After a rooting stage in vitro or in soil, the acclimatized plants were transferred to the field. Plants were also produced by adventitious regeneration of shoots in callus and leaves. In the presence of 1 mg/l of BAP shoots were produced through indirect organogenesis in callus and, in leaves, shoots were produced via direct and indirect organogenesis. In a second phase, protoplasts were isolated from leaves and callus using a series of hydrolytic enzymes combinations. In vitro leaf protoplasts were cultivated following some methods of culture, and the method of culture in agarose droplets promoted the production of colonies and microcalli. For the first time, KM medium was used with success in the culture of elm leaf protoplasts. Finally, protocols for the establishment of embryogenic cultures had been experimented. Since somatic embryogenesis is one of the most advantageous ways of plant regeneration, it fits in the current elm’s strategy as an undeniable value. Until now, this type of culture had not been developed from adult material of any species of the Ulmus genus. Because of this, its study was indispensable and was boarded with special interest and detail. The protocol that showed most efficient involved the use of young in vitro leaves that were placed in MS medium with 2,4-D and kinetin, in the dark, during eight weeks. In these conditions, an embryogenic callus was formed and from this callus embryogenic structures were produced. The elm in vitro culture protocols, established in this thesis, provides an essential work base in future preservation and improvement programs of Portugal elm population.
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LaLande, Carla. "Comparison of Emergence Behavior in Pediatric Dental Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia with Sevoflurane versus Desflurane." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/940.
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Purpose: To determine which maintenance gas (sevoflurane versus desflurane) resulted in a faster emergence from general anesthesia and investigate the patient's emergence agitation. Methods: One group was maintained during general anesthesia with sevoflurane and the other with desflurane. Upon emergence the patient's behavior was evaluated.Results: The average emergence time for desflurane was 9.8; while the average for sevoflurane was 13.98 minutes. Patients who received premedication had an emergence time of 15.43 minutes, while patients who received no premedication emerged after 8.34 minutes.Zofran® was a significant predictor of purposeful actions. Patients were more aware of their surroundings when they received Zofran® compared to patients who did not receive Zofran®.Conclusion: Maintaining with desflurane and not premedicating patients allowed for a faster emergence from general anesthesia. Patients given Zofran® in their IV during the surgery had less emergence agitation then their counterparts.
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Poon, Chun Ting. "Synthesis, characterization, photophysics, energy transfer and bioactivity of porphyrins and N-confused porphyrins with appended functional groups." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/940.
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AlMutairi, Bandar Saud. "Statistical Models for Characterizing and Reducing Uncertainty in Seasonal Rainfall Pattern Forecasts to Inform Decision Making." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/940.
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Uncertainty in rainfall forecasts affects the level of quality and assurance for decisions made to manage water resource-based systems. However, eliminating uncertainty in a complete manner could be difficult, decision-makers thus are challenged to make decisions in the light of uncertainty. This study provides statistical models as an approach to cope with uncertainty, including: a) a statistical method relying on a Gaussian mixture (GM) model to assist in better characterize uncertainty in climate model projections and evaluate their performance in matching observations; b) a stochastic model that incorporates the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle to narrow uncertainty in seasonal rainfall forecasts; and c) a statistical approach to determine to what extent drought events forecasted using ENSO information could be utilized in the water resources decision-making process. This study also investigates the relationship between calibration and lead time on the ability to narrow the interannual uncertainty of forecasts and the associated usefulness for decision making. These objectives are demonstrated for the northwest region of Costa Rica as a case study of a developing country in Central America. This region of Costa Rica is under an increasing risk of future water shortages due to climate change, increased demand, and high variability in the bimodal cycle of seasonal rainfall. First, the GM model is shown to be a suitable approach to compare and characterize long-term projections of climate models. The GM representation of seasonal cycles is then employed to construct detailed comparison tests for climate models with respect to observed rainfall data. Three verification metrics demonstrate that an acceptable degree of predictability can be obtained by incorporating ENSO information in reducing error and interannual variability in the forecast of seasonal rainfall. The predictability of multicategory rainfall forecasts in the late portion of the wet season surpasses that in the early portion of the wet season. Later, the value of drought forecast information for coping with uncertainty in making decisions on water management is determined by quantifying the reduction in expected losses relative to a perfect forecast. Both the discrimination ability and the relative economic value of drought-event forecasts are improved by the proposed forecast method, especially after calibration. Positive relative economic value is found only for a range of scenarios of the cost-loss ratio, which indicates that the proposed forecast could be used for specific cases. Otherwise, taking actions (no-actions) is preferred as the cost-loss ratio approaches zero (one). Overall, the approach of incorporating ENSO information into seasonal rainfall forecasts would provide useful value to the decision-making process - in particular at lead times of one year ahead.
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Sanga, Joseph Baeoro. "An exploratory case study into the cultural effects on knowledge management practices in the Solomon Islands : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management Studies /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/940.
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McCallister, Ronald F. "Forensic Computing for Non-Profits: A Case Study for Consideration When Non-Profits Need to Determine if a Computer Forensic Investigation is Warranted." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/940.
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Thesis (M.S.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0831104-124226 Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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Briggs, Janelle Leann. "ON WOMEN AND RUNNING: A FEMINIST RHETORICAL INVESTIGATION INTO THE POLITICAL AND ONTOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF CONSCIOUSNESS-RAISING VIA THE SHARING OF WOMEN'S RUNNING STORIES." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/940.
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The goal of my dissertation is to further our understanding of the political ramifications of women's running stories by focusing on the intersections of feminist rhetoric, women in sports studies, political theory, and ontology. To this end, I examined six books written by women, about women, who participate in the sport of running. Since I am most interested in how gendered concepts teach us how to be "appropriate," and due to the fact that what is considered appropriate gendered behavior changes over time, I start from a place of understanding that "appropriateness" is necessarily both hegemonic and unstable. As a feminist rhetorical critic, I am foremost concerned with gendered relations of power, and am interested in working to move those relations towards the democratic end of liberty and equality. This dissertation examined the following five research questions: First, how do women articulate their running identities in the stories they tell? For example, do women depict running as central or influential to their self-concepts, roles, identities, ambitions and/or goals? If so, how? Specifically, what identities, concepts, or themes are common across stories? Second, do individual women explicitly discuss, or implicitly allude to, multiple identities or roles? If they embrace multiple identities or roles, how do they rhetorically navigate among them in the stories they tell? Third, how, if at all, do women articulate their experience of gender norms? Fourth, what are the points of possible contention, clash or disagreement in the discussion of women runners' experiences? How might the various perspectives that women (and others around them) express be in legitimate (agonistic, pluralistic) conversation with each other? And finally, in what ways might these stories hint at ontological change as a real possibility, and/or provide a canvas for an agonistic and plural relationship with the self and others? In other words, what commitments, goals, beliefs, and/or values do different perspectives have in common, that might bring them together to work for mutually-agreed upon change in the world, or in the political order? Upon completion of this dissertation, my feminist rhetorical analysis provided ample evidence that the texts I examined are clearly consciousness-raising documents, as their sole purpose is sharing stories of how women journey through life via running. This project illustrated that a particular kind of consciousness is raised when women's bodies are running, sometimes alone, but often together. This consciousness provides a freedom for these women to be more whole, strong, and authentic versions of themselves; running gives way to a mental and physical strength that these women may not have found otherwise. While for some rhetors and audiences, the essential question of women and girls' participation in sports looms large, for many other people, the issues have broadened and deepened from the original `to play or not to play,' and now encompass subtler concerns, from the wearing of the hijab in athletic competition to whether or not women should train during pregnancy. The female body is constantly on display and up for debate, and the female body in the realm of sports is no exception. Together, feminist rhetorical criticism and agonistic pluralism provided me with the foundation to creatively analyze women's running stories for their political and feminist ramifications, places where women are celebrated and heralded as strong athletes, as well as point out places where liberty and equality are still lacking.
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Hicks, Brandon R. "Melt Detection and Estimation in Greenland Using Tandem QuikSCAT and SeaWinds Scatterometers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/940.
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Ku-band dual-polarization radar backscatter measurements from the SeaWinds on QuikScat (QuikScat) and SeaWinds on ADEOS-2 (SeaWinds) scatterometers are used to classify the melt state and estimate melt severity in Greenland. Backscatter measurements are organized into high temporal and high spatial resolution images created using the Scatterometer Image Reconstruction (SIR) algorithm and a new temporal data segmentation technique. Melt detection is performed using a layered electromagnetic model combined with a Markov chain model. The new melt detection method allows classification of the snow-pack into three states: melt, refreeze, and frozen. Melt severity and refreeze severity indexes are also developed. The melt detection methods developed in this thesis are verified by using a one-dimensional geophysical/electromagnetic model simulation of the snow-pack under melting conditions and by comparison with in situ weather station data at the ETH Camp in western Greenland. The diurnal cycle of backscatter measurements is also analyzed at this location. The melt detection and estimation method is applied to the entire Greenland ice-sheet. The resulting melt classifications and melt severity indexes are used to generate a number of maps outlining the features of the 2003 melt season. Good agreement of the melt severity and a 1978 SASS Greenland ice facies map is observed.
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Correa, Alvaro. "Bifurcation theory for a class of second order differential equations." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/940.
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We consider positive solutions of the nonlinear two point boundary value problem u‘‘+λf(u)=0, u(-1)=u(1)=0 , f(u)=u(u-a)(u-b)(u-c)(1-u), 0, depending on a parameter λ. Each solution u(x) is even function, and it is uniquely identified by α=u(0). We will prove, using delicate integral estimates that α=b,1 are not bifurcations points. We explore and prove a series of properties which restrict the location of a bifurcation point by studying the change of concavity of the graph of f and the points where the rays from 0 and b touche the graph of f.
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Li, Tong. "Micromechanical Simulation for Fatigue Damage Incubation." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/940.
Full textAbstract:
Micromechanical simulations are conducted to quantify the influence of microstructure attributes to the formation of small fatigue cracks. Three wrought aluminum alloys (7075-T651, 2024-T3, virtual material) with fractured particle are studied to quantify the influence of material’s yield strength and ultimate strength to material’s fatigue resistance. Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) material with pores of various spatial distribution and particles are simulated for the microplasticity and its effects on fatigue incubation. A cohesive zone model is used to study the interface cohesive behavior’s influence to the cyclic driving mechanisms. Different simulations based on different interfacial crack geometries and particle shapes are studied. A cohesive law with unloading-reloading cyclic behavior is introduced. A damage factor D is proposed to study the possibility of interfacial crack propagation. With this factor, plastic wake zone behind the debonding is studied.