Relevant bibliographies by topics / 850501 Biofuel (Biomass) Energy

Academic literature on the topic '850501 Biofuel (Biomass) Energy'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "850501 Biofuel (Biomass) Energy"

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Kronbergs, Eriks, and Mareks Smits. "HERBACEOUS BIOMASS SHREDDING FOR BIOFUEL COMPOSITIONS." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 23, 2007): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2007vol1.1725.

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The 2003 reform o f the EU Common agricultural policy stimulates farmers to grow more energy crops, including short rotation coppice and other perennial crops. Peat can be used as additive for manufacturing o f solid biofuel, because it improves density, durability o f stalk material briquettes (pellets) and avoid corrosion o f boilers. For these reason herbaceous biomass compositions with peat fo r solid biofuel production is recommended. The main conditioning operation before biomass compacting is shredding. It was stated that common reed stalk material particle size reduction during cutting (shredding) process increased energy consumption very significantly. The calculation o f energy consumption fo r common reed cutting to sizes 0.6 and 0.5 mm was giving results 31.3 k J kg'1 and 43.5 k J kg'1. The shredder cutter bar has to be designed with friction energy losses decreased to minimum. This aim can to be realized by reducing o f area o f cutter bar knives moving into stalk biomass and minimizing biomass pressure (Patent LV13447) on cutter bar.
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Barua, Visva Bharati, and Mariya Munir. "A Review on Synchronous Microalgal Lipid Enhancement and Wastewater Treatment." Energies 14, no. 22 (November 17, 2021): 7687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14227687.

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Microalgae are unicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes that can treat wastewater and provide us with biofuel. Microalgae cultivation utilizing wastewater is a promising approach for synchronous wastewater treatment and biofuel production. However, previous studies suggest that high microalgae biomass production reduces lipid production and vice versa. For cost-effective biofuel production from microalgae, synchronous lipid and biomass enhancement utilizing wastewater is necessary. Therefore, this study brings forth a comprehensive review of synchronous microalgal lipid and biomass enhancement strategies for biofuel production and wastewater treatment. The review emphasizes the appropriate synergy of the microalgae species, culture media, and synchronous lipid and biomass enhancement conditions as a sustainable, efficient solution.
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Siddique, Mohammad, Suhail Ahmed Soomro, Shaheen Aziz, Saadat Ullah Khan Suri, Faheem Akhter, and Zahid Naeem Qaisrani. "Potential Techniques for Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass into Biofuels." Pakistan Journal of Analytical & Environmental Chemistry 23, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21743/pjaec/2022.06.02.

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Lignin has been found as a naturally available aromatic resource for biofuel production. Reduced reliance on fossil fuels and replacement with a green and environmentally friendly strategy are currently one of the most pressing challenges. There has been significant growth in energy consumption, necessitating the transition to an alternative energy source. The current renewable energy source has significant biofuel production potential. It is critical to discuss the process parameters for pinpointing lignin content as part of the technology development process. Biofuel production possesses various challenges that need to be addressed. In this research, we precisely discussed the numerous lignin conversion mechanisms that can boost the biofuel output. Catalytic deoxygenation is a fuel promotion process that decreases the oxygen content, which causes instability and corrosion. SiO2, ZrO2, CeO2, TiO2, and Al2O3 are used in catalytic deoxygenation to produce biofuel. The use of chosen Al2O3-TiO2 metal oxide catalysts is critical in biofuel production. To obtain hemicellulose levels, two-step pretreatments with alkali and acids are used. The constraints, challenges, industrial perspectives, and future outlooks for developing cost-effective, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly procedures for the long-term valorization of lignocellulosic materials were examined in the conclusion.
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Mikulionok, I. O. "STATE AND PROSPECTS OF THE PRODUCTION OF COMPRESSED SOLID BIOFUELS." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, no. 4 (December 20, 2022): 15–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.4.2022.02.

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Given the limited nature of natural resources and the global rise in prices for such traditional fossil fuels as oil, coal and natural gas, at the beginning of the third millennium, considerable attention began to be paid to the search for alternative fuels, one of the most popular and affordable among which is solid biofuel. The main types of pressed solid biofuel: biofuel briquettes and pellets are considered, and its classification is developed. An analysis of the origin and sources of biomass production, methods of processing biomass has been carried out, trade forms of solid biofuel, the geometric shape of solid biofuel, the nature of the change in the combustion surface of solid biofuel, the quality indicators (technical characteristics) of solid biofuel, as well as the design and technological design of its pressing was carried out. A critical analysis of innovative methods for obtaining biofuel briquettes and pellets, as well as the influence of their parameters, primarily qualitative and quantitative composition, on the quality indicators (technical characteristics) of solid biofuel was carried out. It is shown that the energy potential of biomass available for energy production in Ukraine can significantly improve its energy independence. Bibl. 76, Fig. 6.
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Kronbergs, Andris, Elgars Širaks, Aleksandrs Adamovičs, and Ēriks Kronbergs. "Mechanical Properties of Hemp (Cannabis Sativa) Biomass." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (August 5, 2015): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2011vol1.901.

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In Latvia approximately of 14.6% of unfarmed agricultural land can be used for herbaceous energy crop growing. Herbaceous energy crops would be as the main basis for solid biofuel production in agricultural ecosystem in future. Herbaceous energy crops as hemp (Cannabis sativa) are grown in recent years and can be used for solid biofuel production. Experimentally stated hemp stalk material ultimate tensile strength the medium value is 85 ± 9 N mm-2. The main conditioning operation before preparation of herbaceous biomass compositions for solid biofuel production is shredding. Therefore hemp stalks were used for cutting experiments. Cutting using different types of knives mechanisms had been investigated. Specific shear cutting energy for hemp samples were within 0.02 – 0.04 J mm-2. Hemp stalk material density was determined using AutoCAD software for cross-section area calculation. Density values are 325 ± 18 kg m-3 for hemp stalks. Specific cutting energy per mass unit was calculated on basis of experimentally estimated values of cutting energy and density.
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Oves, Mohammad, Huda A. Qari, and Iqbal MI Ismail. "Biofuel formation from microalgae: A renewable energy source for eco-sustainability." Current World Environment 17, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 04–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.17.1.2.

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In the current scenario, biofuel production from microalgae is beneficial to sustainability. Recently, one of the most pressing concerns has been finding cost-effective and environmentally friendly energy sources to meet rising energy demands without jeopardizing environmental integrity. Microalgae provide a viable biomass feedstock for biofuel production as the global market for biofuels rises. Biodiesel made from biomass is usually regarded as one of the best natural substitutes to fossil fuels and a sustainable means of achieving energy security and economic and environmental sustainability. Cultivating genetically modified algae has been followed in recent decades of biofuel research and has led to the commercialization of algal biofuel. If it is integrated with a favorable government policy on algal biofuels and other byproducts, it will benefit society. Biofuel technology is a troublesome but complementary technology that will provide long-term solutions to environmental problems. Microalgae have high lipid content oil, fast growth rates, the ability to use marginal and infertile land, grow in wastewater and salty water streams and use solar light and CO2 gas as nutrients for high biomass development. Recent findings suggest nano additives or nanocatalysts like nano-particles, nano-sheet, nano-droplets, and nanotubes. Some specific structures used at various stages during microalgae cultivation and harvesting of the final products can enhance the biofuel efficiency and applicability without any negative impact on the environment. It offers a fantastic opportunity to produce large amounts of biofuels in an eco-friendly and long-term manner.
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Wasiak, Andrzej, and Olga Orynycz. "Energy Efficiency of a Biofuel Production System." Management and Production Engineering Review 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mper-2017-0007.

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Abstract Manufacturing engineering is supposed to provide analyses related to various aspects of manufacturing and production in order to maximise technological, energy, and economic gains in relevant production processes. The present paper gives a recapitulation of several publications by present authors, presenting considerations of the energy efficiency of biofuel production. The energy efficiency is understood as the ratio of energy obtained from biofuels produced basing on crops from a particular area to the energy required to satisfy needs of all subsidiary processes assuring correct functioning of the production system, starting from operations aimed to obtain agricultural crops, and ending with the conversion of the crops onto biofuels. Derived by the present authors, the mathematical model of energy efficiency of biofuel production is extended to a more general form, and applied to the analysis of quantitative relations between energy efficiency of sc. “energy plantations”, and further elements of biofuel production system converting harvested biomass into biofuel. Investigations are aimed towards the determination of the role of biomass as a source of energy.
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Ciolkosz, D. "Torrefied biomass in biofuel production system." Scientific Horizons 93, no. 8 (2020): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33249/2663-2144-2020-93-8-9-12.

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Ukraine produces large amounts of crop residues every year, much which could be utilized to produce biofuel. However, efficient supply chains and system configurations are needed to make such systems efficient and cost effective. One option is to integrate torrefaction, power production and biofuel production into a single, coordinated system. This approach allows for high value product (i.e. biofuel), greater utilization of the energy content of the feedstock, and supply chain efficiency. Initial analyses indicate that revenues can be enhanced through this approach, and further analyses and optimization efforts could identify a sustainable approach to renewable fuel and power production for Ukraine. The question of scale and layout remains of interest as well, and a thorough logistical study is needed to identify the most suitable configuration. Agricultural operations often benefit from smaller scales of operation, whereas fuel production processes tend to operate profitably only at very large scale. Thus, a balance must be struck between the needs of both ends of the supply chain. The processing center concept helps to balance those needs. A system such as this also has potential to synergize with other agricultural production systems, such as the production of animal feed, fertilizer, and other bio-based products. The complexities of the Ukrainian agricultural market will need to be reflected carefully in any model that seeks to assess the system's potential. Presents a concept for coupling thermal pretreatment (torrefaction with biofuel and power production for the transformation of wheat straw into a value added product for Ukraine. Torrefaction provides supply chain savings, while conversion provides added value to the product. This paradigm has potential to utilize a widely produced waste material into a valuable source of energy and possibly other products for the country.
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Maceiras, Rocio, Ángeles Cancela, Ángel Sánchez, Leticia Pérez, and Victor Alfonsin. "Biofuel and biomass from marine macroalgae waste." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 38, no. 9 (May 2, 2016): 1169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2013.862584.

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Kramar, V. G. "ANALYSIS OF ENERGY PRICES OF BIOMASS FUEL IN UKRAINE." Thermophysics and Thermal Power Engineering 42, no. 2 (April 25, 2020): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31472/ttpe.2.2020.8.

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The purpose of this work is to analyze the energy price change for different kinds of biomass and for natural gas from 2016 to 2020 and to compare it with the relevant trends for countries with a longer experience and more developed market of fuel biomass. The study revealed that during the significant increase of natural gas price (from June 2016 to December 2018), the energy price of biomass increased at the same or even higher rate than the energy price of natural gas. During the declining natural gas prices (December 2018 to February 2020), when its price almost returned to the situation in mid-2016, the energy price of biomass decreased slightly, but still remains too high, and to date for pellets it is practically equal to the energy price of natural gas. This kind of energy price change for biomass compared to its change for fossil fuels in Ukraine differs significantly from the trends inherent to countries with longer experience of biomass energy use and developed market mechanisms for its pricing (in particular, Austria, Lithuania, Germany, Finland, Sweden). The imperfection of market pricing mechanisms for biomass fuel in Ukraine can be evidenced by the fact that most purchases of biomass in the Prozorro system involve only one supplier. Possible ways to improve the current situation are to promote the creation of more biofuel producers and to improve the conditions for access to raw materials for them, to create a biofuel exchange based on the organizational structure of the Lithuanian biofuel exchange Baltpool, taking into account local conditions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "850501 Biofuel (Biomass) Energy"

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Thondhlana, Gladman. "Land acquisition for and local livelihood implications of biofuel development in Zimbabwe." Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/49940.

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In recent years, proponents of 'green and clean fuel' have argued that the costs of overreliance on fossil fuels could be reduced through transition to biofuels such as bio-ethanol. Global biofuel discourses suggest that any transition to biofuel invariably results in significant benefits, including energy independence, job creation, development of agro-industrial centres at local level and high revenue generations for the state with minimum negative impacts on the environment. With many risks and costs associated with traditional 'dirty' fuels, it is likely that many countries, particularly African countries, will move towards the 'green and clean fuel' alternative. However, until recently research has arguably paid limited attention to the local livelihood impacts related to land acquisition for biofuel development or the policy frameworks required to maximise biofuel benefits. With regards to biofuel benefits, some recent studies suggest that the much bandied potential for greater tax revenue, lowered fuel costs and wealth distribution from biofuel production have all been perverted with relatively little payoff in wage labour opportunities in return (e.g. Richardson, 2010; Wilkinson and Herrera, 2010). Based on work done in Chisumbanje communal lands of Zimbabwe (Thondhlana, 2015), this policy brief highlights the local livelihood impacts of biofuel development and discusses policy implications of the findings. By highlighting the justifications of biofuel development at any cost by the state, the study sheds some light on the conflicts between state interests and local livelihood needs.
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Anfinrud, Robynn Elizabeth. "Nitrogen Uptake and Biomass and Ethanol Yield of Biomass Crops as Feedstock for Biofuel." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26524.

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Nitrogen fertilizers are extensively used to enhance the growth of biomass crops. This study was conducted to determine the effect of N rates on the biomass yield and quality, and N uptake of several crops. The experiment was conducted at Fargo and Prosper, ND, in 2010 and 2011. The crops studied were forage sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L. Moench], sorghum x sudangrass [Sorghum bicolor var. sudanense (Piper) Stapf.], kenaf [Hibiscus cannabinus L.], and reed canarygrass [Phalaris arundinacea L.]. The different crops constituted the main plots and the nitrogen rates were regarded as subplots. The five N rates were 0, 75, 100, 150, and 200 kg N ha-1. Forage sweet sorghum and sorghum x sudangrass had the greatest dry matter biomass yield. Nitrogen fertilization increased biomass yield for each of the crops. The results indicate that forage sorghum and sorghum x sudangrass have the greatest potential as a feedstock.
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Inglesby, Alister Edward. "Biochemical and bioelectrochemical technology for third generation biofuel production." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648335.

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Adebayo, Adebola B. "Pretreatments and energy potentials of Appalachian hardwood residues for biofuel production." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10928.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2010.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 98 p. : ill. (some col.), col. map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Kazamia, Elena. "Synthetic ecology : a way forward for sustainable algal biofuel production." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607904.

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Adesanya, Victoria Oluwatosin. "Investigation into the sustainability and feasibility of potential algal-based biofuel production." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708126.

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Matakala, Litiya. "Biofuel policies : what can Zambia learn from leading biofuel producers." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5748.

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Thesis (MDF (Development Finance))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Price volatility and high dependency on imported petroleum fuel has prompted the Zambian government to look into renewable fuels as part of an energy diversification program. With growing global interest in biofuels as a transportation fuel, the Zambian government intends to introduce bioethanol and biodiesel as renewable fuels in the transportation sector. While it seems feasible to produce both the feedstocks and biofuels to meet local demand, a regulatory framework and industry support mechanisms have not yet been formulated. The policy and regulatory frameworks encompass a multitude of actors, networks and institutions all playing distinct and important roles. Incorporating the differing interests of all these stakeholders is an involving process that requires detailed analysis of agriculture, environmental, energy, socioeconomic and taxation policies. This study attempts to contribute to the biofuels policy formulation process in Zambia. It analyses biofuel policies in leading biofuels producing countries and identifies aspects that the Zambian government should consider incorporating in its own policies to ensure a viable biofuels industry. Biofuel policies in Brazil, Germany and the United States of America were analysed using a detailed case study and extensive literature review. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the Zambian agriculture sector and the demand for petroleum fuel puts into context the potential demand and challenges likely to be faced. By understanding the history and development of biofuels in the case study countries, best practices, problems faced, policy innovations and industry support mechanisms were identified to inform policy formulation in Zambia. This does not only provide valuable insights and lessons but also ensures that time and resources are not wasted by reinventing the wheel. The comparative analysis of policies and support mechanisms in the three case study countries showed that articulating a clear policy objective, government support in the form of subsidies, wide stakeholder involvement and industry regulation have all played a critical role in the development of the industry. However, the extent to which all these factors have helped to shape the industry in Brazil, Germany and the USA is neither equal nor static. Countries are continuously adapting their policies and support mechanisms to environmental, energy and economic conditions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die onbestendigheid van pryse en die groot mate van afhanklikheid van ingevoerde petroleumbrandstof het die Zambiese regering aangespoor om ondersoek in te stel na hernubare brandstof as deel van 'n energiediversifiseringsprogram. In die lig van die groeiende globale belangstelling in biobrandstof as vervoerbrandstof, beplan die Zambiese regering om bioetanol en biodiesel as hernubare brandstof in die vervoersektor te begin gebruik. Al lyk dit prakties uitvoerbaar om sowel die voerstof as die biobrandstof te vervaardig om in die plaaslike aanvraag te voorsien, is 'n reguleringsraamwerk en ondersteuningsmeganismes vir die industrie nog nie geskep nie. 'n Menigte rolspelers, netwerke en instellings, wat almal verskillende en belangrike rolle speel, sal betrokke wees by die beleidsformulering en reguleringsraamwerk. Om die uiteenlopende belange van al die betrokke partye in ag te neem is 'n ingewikkelde proses wat sal vereis dat 'n uitvoerige analise gemaak word van landbou-, omgewings-, energie-, sosio-ekonomiese en belastingbeleidsrigtings. Die doelwit van hierdie studie is om 'n bydrae te lewer tot die formuleringsproses van die biobrandstofbeleid in Zambie. Dit analiseer die biobrandstofbeleid van die vooraanstaande lande wat biobrandstof vervaardig, en identifiseer aspekte wat die Zambiese regering in sy beleid behoort in te sluit om 'n lewensvatbare biobrandstofindustrie te verseker. Die biobrandstofbeleid van Brasilie, Duitsland en die Verenigde State van Amerika (VSA) is geanaliseer met behulp van uitvoerige gevallestudies en 'n grondige literatuurstudie. Verder plaas 'n noukeurige analise van die Zambiese landbousektor en die aanvraag na petroleumbrandstof die potensiele aanvraag en uitdagings wat waarskynlik hanteer sal meet word in konteks. Deur insig te verkry in die geskiedenis en ontwikkeling van biobrandstof in die lande waar die gevallestudies gedoen is, kon die beste gebruike, moontlike probleme, nuwe beleidsrigtings en ondersteuningsmeganismes in die bedryf geidentifiseer word om die beleid in Zambie te help formuleer. Dit bied nie slegs waardevolle insig en leergeleenthede nie, maar verseker ook dat tyd en hulpbronne nie vermors word deur die wiel van voor af uit te vind nie. Die vergelykende analise van die beleidsrigtings en ondersteuningsmeganismes in die drie lande waar die gevallestudies gedoen is, het getoon dat 'n duidelik geformuleerde beleidsdoelwit, ondersteuning van die regering in die vorm van subsidies, die algemene betrokkenheid van belanghebbendes en die regulering van die industrie alles 'n uiters belangrike rol gespeel het in die ontwikkeling van hierdie industrie. Die mate waarin al hierdie faktore die industrie in Brasilie, Duitsland en die VSA help vorm het, het egter gewissel en was nooit staties nie. Lande pas voortdurend hulle beleid en ondersteuningsmeganismes aan by omgewings-, energie- en ekonomiese toestande.
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Görling, Martin. "Turbomachinery in Biofuel Production." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Energiprocesser, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-28901.

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The aim for this study has been to evaluate the integration potential of turbo-machinery into the production processes of biofuels. The focus has been on bio-fuel produced via biomass gasification; mainly methanol and synthetic natural gas. The research has been divided into two parts; gas and steam turbine applications. Steam power generation has a given role within the fuel production process due to the large amounts of excess chemical reaction heat. However, large amounts of the steam produced are used within the production process and is thus not available for power production. Therefore, this study has been focused on lowering the steam demand in the production process, in order to increase the power production. One possibility that has been evaluated is humidification of the gasification agent in order to lower the demand for high quality steam in the gasifier and replace it with waste heat. The results show that the power penalty for the gasification process could be lowered by 18-25%, in the specific cases that have been studied. Another step in the process that requires a significant amount of steam is the CO2-removal. This step can be avoided by adding hydrogen in order to convert all carbon into biofuel. This is also a way to store hydrogen (e.g. from wind energy) together with green carbon. The results imply that a larger amount of sustainable fuels can be produced from the same quantity of biomass. The applications for gas turbines within the biofuel production process are less obvious. There are large differences between the bio-syngas and natural gas in energy content and combustion properties which are technical problems when using high efficient modern gas turbines. This study therefore proposes the integration of a natural gas fired gas turbine; a hybrid plant. The heat from the fuel production and the heat recovery from the gas turbine flue gas are used in a joint steam cycle. Simulations of the hybrid cycle in methanol production have shown good improvements. The total electrical efficiency is increased by 1.4-2.4 percentage points, depending on the fuel mix. The electrical efficiency for the natural gas used in the hybrid plant is 56-58%, which is in the same range as in large-scale combined cycle plants. A bio-methanol plant with a hybrid power cycle is consequently a competitive production route for both biomass and natural gas.
QC 20110128
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Luo, Dexin. "Design of highly distributed biofuel production systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45878.

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This thesis develops quantitative methods for evaluation and design of large-scale biofuel production systems with a particular focus on bioreactor-based fuel systems. In Chapter 2, a lifecycle assessment (LCA) method is integrated with chemical process modeling to select from different process designs the one that maximizes the energy efficiency and minimizes the environmental impact of a production system. An algae-based ethanol production technology, which is in the process of commercialization, is used as a case study. Motivated by this case study, Chapter 3 studies the selection of process designs and production capacity of highly distributed bioreactor-based fuel system from an economic perspective. Nonlinear optimization models based on net present value maximization are developed that aim at selecting the optimal capacities of production equipment for both integrated and distributed-centralized process designs on symmetric production layouts. Global sensitivity analysis based on Monte Carlo estimates is performed to show the impact of different parameters on the optimal capacity decision and the corresponding net present value. Conditional Value at Risk optimization is used to compare the optimal capacity for a risk-neutral planner versus a risk-averse decision maker. Chapter 4 studies mobile distributed processing in biofuel industry as vehicle routing problem and production equipment location with an underlying pipeline network as facility location problem with a focus on general production costs. Formulations and algorithms are developed to explore how fixed cost and concavity in the production cost increases the theoretical complexity of these problems.
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Guo, Zhimei. "Economic and policy perspectives of biofuel as an emerging use of forest biomass in Mississippi." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-09072007-125135.

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Books on the topic "850501 Biofuel (Biomass) Energy"

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Demafelis, Rex. Samoa biofuel study report: Mission report. Samoa]: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Subregional Office for the Pacific Islands, 2009.

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Graver, Lauren S., and Matthew R. Kriss. Biofuel sustainability: Research areas and knowledge gaps. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Alonso, Stefania. Biofuel use in the U.S.: Impact and challenges. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Jaeger, William K. Biofuel potential in Oregon: Background and evaluation of options. Corvallis, Or: Oregon State University, Extension Service, 2007.

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P, Haas Bratt, ed. Ethanol biofuel production. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Forum, Ethnic Community Development. Biofuel by decree: Unmasking Burma's bio-energy fiasco. [Rangoon?]: Ethnic Community Development Forum, 2008.

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Baker, Mindy L. Crop-based biofuel production under acreage constraints and uncertainty. Ames, Iowa: Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Iowa State University, 2008.

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Socio-economic dynamics of biofuel development in Asia Pacific. Jakarta: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Indonesia Office, 2009.

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Khanal, Samir Kumar. Bioenergy and biofuel from biowastes and biomass. Reston, Va: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010.

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Khanal, Samir Kumar. Bioenergy and biofuel from biowastes and biomass. Reston, Va: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "850501 Biofuel (Biomass) Energy"

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Weldekidan, Haftom, Vladimir Strezov, and Graham Town. "Solar Energy for Biofuel Extraction." In Renewable Energy Systems from Biomass, 189–206. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2019.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315153971-12.

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Rajeswari, Gunasekaran, Samuel Jacob, and Rintu Banerjee. "Perspective of Liquid and Gaseous Fuel Production from Aquatic Energy Crops." In Sustainable Biofuel and Biomass, 167–82. Includes bibliographical references and index: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429265099-9.

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Bhat, Rouf Ahmad, Dig Vijay Singh, Fernanda Maria Policarpo Tonelli, and Khalid Rehman Hakeem. "Economic Consideration on Biofuel and Energy Security." In Plant and Algae Biomass, 127–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94074-4_7.

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Bhatt, S. M., Shilpa Bhatt, and Aurindam Bakshi. "Economical Biofuel Production Strategies from Biomass Biowaste." In Clean Energy Production Technologies, 1–22. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1888-8_1.

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van Antwerpen, R., S. D. Berry, T. van Antwerpen, J. Smithers, S. Joshi, and M. van der Laan. "Sugarcane as an Energy Crop: Its Role in Biomass Economy." In Biofuel Crop Sustainability, 53–108. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118635797.ch3.

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Tiwari, Archana, and Thomas Kiran Marella. "Algal Biomass: Potential Renewable Feedstock for Biofuel Production." In Clean Energy Production Technologies, 1–32. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9607-7_1.

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Höfer, Isabel, Martin Kaltschmitt, and Alexander Beckendorff. "Emissions from Solid Biofuel Combustion: Pollutant Formation and Control Options." In Energy from Organic Materials (Biomass), 483–512. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7813-7_1043.

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Bisht, Sarita, Amit Kumar, Narendra Kumar, Hukum Singh, and Parmanand Kumar. "Biofuel Production by Using Biomass and Its Application." In Renewable Energy and Green Technology, 85–103. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003175926-8.

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Sahay, Sanjay. "Impact of Pretreatment Technologies for Biomass to Biofuel Production." In Clean Energy Production Technologies, 173–216. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9607-7_7.

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Salwan, Richa, Anu Sharma, and Vivek Sharma. "Nanomaterial-Immobilized Biocatalysts for Biofuel Production from Lignocellulose Biomass." In Clean Energy Production Technologies, 213–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9333-4_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "850501 Biofuel (Biomass) Energy"

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Jamaludin, Aliyah, and C. K. M. Faizal. "Membraneless enzymatic biofuel cell powered by starch biomass." In II INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC FORUM ON COMPUTER AND ENERGY SCIENCES (WFCES-II 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0099571.

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Li Wang and Suzelle Barrington and Mari Shin. "Utilisation of Biomass Energy Using Biofuel Cell in Waste and Wastewater Treatment." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.16820.

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Chanhom, Nuttida, Prapaporn Prasertpong, and Nakorn Tippayawong. "Biomass to biofuel precursor: Conversion of glucose and fructose to 5-hydroxymethyfurfural by acid hydrolysis." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND POWER, ICEP2021. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0117870.

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Shamsuddin, Abd Halim, and Mohd Shahir Liew. "High Quality Solid Biofuel Briquette Production From Palm Oil Milling Solid Wastes." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90122.

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Malaysia has about 4.2 million hectares of oil palm plantation. The palm oil milling industry has over 400 mills throughout the country with total milling capacity of 82 million tonnes fresh fruit bunches, FFB, per year. In 2003, the amount of FFB processed was 67 million tonnes, which generated solid wastes in the forms of empty fruit bunches, EFB (19.43 million tonnes), mesocarp fibres (12.07 million tonnes) and palm kernel shell (4.89 million tonnes). These wastes has moisture content of 60–70% for EFB and mesocarp fibre, and 34–40% for palm kernel shell, and calorific value of 5.0 – 18.0 Mj/kg. A processing technology was developed to process these low quality biomass fuels into high quality solid biofuel briquettes with moisture content in the range 8–12%. Depending on the formulations and the sources of the raw biomass, the final solid biofuel briquettes can have calorific values in the range of 18–25 Mj/kg. The production of the solid biofuel briquettes would be an attractive financial advantage for full exploitation of biomass fuels. Logistic problems due to the disperse nature of the biomass resources would significantly be addressed.
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Watson, Kyle A., William T. Stringfellow, Edwin R. Pejack, John J. Paoluccio, and Ravi K. Jain. "A Liquid Torrefication Process for Producing a Storable, Energy-Dense Fuel From Biomass Feedstock." In ASME 2010 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2010-27083.

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This paper discusses a novel process for creating torrefied wood pellets by using a liquid torrefication process. Torrefication is a type of pyrolysis process originally developed for converting wood to an energy-dense material with properties similar to coal that would be more compact and practical to ship long distances and store outdoors. Torrefied wood has been used in specialized metallurgy and other industrial applications, but wide-scale utilization of torrefication for biofuel production has not been commercialized. Virtually all of the processing methods used in the past involve exposing biomass to hot, inert gas in an oxygen free environment; this gas-phase torrefication has a number of drawbacks, including a net-negative overall energy balance; generation of polluted gas that is difficult to treat or control; safety issues associated with the intrusion of oxygen into the inert gas; large equipment size and associated initial capital cost; operating cost; and manufacture of a nonuniform product. This paper discusses a technique that uses a heat treatment fluid in lieu of an inert gas which has numerous advantages over gas-phase torrefication and resolves many of the problems resulting from the commercial application of gasphase torrefication. This process for converting biomass to biofuel using a liquid-phase torrefication process is being developed under the trade name CNFbiofuel™ where CNF is an acronym for Carbon Neutral Fuel. The CNF Biofuel process has been developed on a small scale and results of preliminary testing are presented. Measurements of the energy content for the proposed biofuel process indicate an 18% increase in energy content for torrefied versus untreated wood pellets. Furthermore, the energy density measurements of these treated samples were also consistently higher than the untreated samples. Measurements have also been performed in order to measure the hydrophobic ability of the treated pellets and the results indicate that saturation with water has only a small effect on energy content. The heating value was determined to be reduced by only 2.2% on average after soaking in water for six hours and then being allowed to dry for 12 hours. The potential advantages of liquid-phase torrefication over any currently available gas-phase process are discussed.
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Gundupalli, Marttin, Prapakorn Tantayotai, Kitipong Rattanaporn, Wasinee Pongprayoon, Theerawut Phusantisampan, and Malinee Sriariyanun*. "Effects of Inorganic Salts on Enzymatic Saccharification Kinetics of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production." In IEEA 2021: 2021 The 10th International Conference on Informatics, Environment, Energy and Applications. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3458359.3458361.

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Mutrakulcharoen, Parita, Peerapong Pornwongthong, Kraipat Cheenkachorn, Prapakorn Tantayotai, Supacheree Roddecha, and Malinee Sriarivanun. "Inhibitory Effect of Inorganic Salts Residuals on Cellulase Kinetics in Biofuel Production from Lignocellulose Biomass." In 2020 International Conference and Utility Exhibition on Energy, Environment and Climate Change (ICUE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icue49301.2020.9307055.

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Kelechi, Faith Mmesomachukwu, and Chukwuebuka Samuel Nwafor. "Application of Hydrothermal Liquefaction Procedure for Microalgae-To-Biofuel Conversion." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212014-ms.

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Abstract The thermal depolymerization process is also known as Hydrothermal liquefaction(HTL) Is used in converting macro/micro molecules, under temperatures of about 280°C and 370°C and pressures that are in the range from 10 to 25 MPa and into crude such as oil. The oil is composed of high energy density and low heating values of 33.8-36.9 MJ/Kg and 5-20 wt% renewables and oxygen. Presently microalgae are used industrially in producing high-quality products for food additives. Also, the microalgae are environmentally friendly, as it is used in the treatment of wastewater, control in the mitigation of industrial CO2 emission and atmospheric CO2 capturing. Due to environmental issues, microalgal are converted from biomass to biofuel. Recently HTL has drawn more attention, as it can be used in the refinery industry. This paper is also concerned with solving environmental issues using microalgae as an effective method for biomass to biofuel conversion. One significant advantage of HTL is the possibility of using fresh microalgae after harvesting, the processing of biomass and increased thermodynamic efficiency. The latter is achieved due to high HTL temperature and pressure which creates an avenue for more heat recovery.
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ČERNIAUSKIENĖ, Živilė, Egidijus ZVICEVIČIUS, Algirdas RAILA, Vita TILVIKIENĖ, Zofija JANKAUSKIENĖ, and Žydrė KADŽIULIENĖ. "ASSESSMENT OF PROPERTIES OF COARSE-ENERGY PLANTS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.190.

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In the world, fossil fuel resources are constantly decreasing and increasing energy use. This leads to wider use of biomass in various industrial areas. Also, for the production of heat and electricity. Depending on the situation of current market, much attention is being paid to increasing the potential of biomass and to ensure the needs of users. Recently, much attention is paid to non-food energy plants, which could be used in thermochemical conversion technologies. These plants must be well adapted to climatic conditions, to grow a high biomass yield, to possess high energy value, easy to use for biofuel production and low environmental impact. Having a high energy potential and promising plants for cultivation in a changing climate conditions can be characterized and these plants: this is Miscantus spp. (namely miscanthus), Artemisia dubia Wall. (mugwort) and Cannabis sativa L. (fiber hemp). The article summarizes long-standing biometric and thermal performance results on Miscantus spp. (namely miscanthus), Artemisia dubia Wall. (mugwort) and Cannabis sativa L. (fiber hemp). In Lithuania climate condition, it is possible to grow from 3.26 to 17.06 t ha-1 of dry biomass per year from the mentioned plants. The calorific value of biomass has a huge influence on assessment of energy potential from plants. After combustion of 1 kilogram of Miscantus spp., Artemisia dubia Wall. and Cannabis sativa L. biomass it stands out on average 18.3±0.06, 18.5±0.66 and 17.43±0.06 MJ of heat, respectively. An equally important property which assesses the suitability of biomass for biofuels is ash content. The average ash content of biomass from Miscantus spp. and Artemisia dubia Wall was 1.51±0.03 % and 2.69±0.33 %, i.e. 2.22 times and 1.25 times lower than Cannabis sativa L.
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Wogan, David M., Michael Webber, and Alexandre K. da Silva. "A Resource-Limited Approach to Estimating Algal Biomass Production With Geographical Fidelity." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90154.

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This paper discusses the potential for algal biofuel production under resource-limited conditions in Texas. Algal biomass and lipid production quantities are estimated using a fully integrated biological and engineering model that incorporates primary resources required for growth, such as carbon dioxide, sunlight and water. The biomass and lipid production are estimated at the county resolution in Texas, which accounts for geographic variation in primary resources from the Eastern half of the state, which has moderate solar resources and abundant water resources, to the Western half of the state, which has abundant solar resources and moderate water resources. Two resource-limited scenarios are analyzed in this paper: the variation in algal biomass production as a function of carbon dioxide concentration and as a function of water availability. The initial carbon dioxide concentration, ranging from low concentrations in ambient air to higher concentrations found in power plant flue gas streams, affects the growth rate and production of algal biomass. The model compares biomass production using carbon dioxide available from flue gas or refinery activities, which are present only in a limited number of counties, with ambient concentrations found in the atmosphere. Biomass production is also estimated first for counties containing terrestrial sources of water such as wastewater and/or saline aquifers, and compared with those with additional water available from the Gulf of Mexico. The results of these analyses are presented on a series of maps depicting algal biomass and lipid production in gallons per year under each of the resource-limited scenarios. Based on the analysis, between 13.9 and 154.1 thousand tons of algal biomass and 1.0 and 11.1 million gallons of lipids can be produced annually.
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Reports on the topic "850501 Biofuel (Biomass) Energy"

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Pullammanappallil, Pratap, Haim Kalman, and Jennifer Curtis. Investigation of particulate flow behavior in a continuous, high solids, leach-bed biogasification system. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600038.bard.

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Recent concerns regarding global warming and energy security have accelerated research and developmental efforts to produce biofuels from agricultural and forestry residues, and energy crops. Anaerobic digestion is a promising process for producing biogas-biofuel from biomass feedstocks. However, there is a need for new reactor designs and operating considerations to process fibrous biomass feedstocks. In this research project, the multiphase flow behavior of biomass particles was investigated. The objective was accomplished through both simulation and experimentation. The simulations included both particle-level and bulk flow simulations. Successful computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of multiphase flow in the digester is dependent on the accuracy of constitutive models which describe (1) the particle phase stress due to particle interactions, (2) the particle phase dissipation due to inelastic interactions between particles and (3) the drag force between the fibres and the digester fluid. Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations of Homogeneous Cooling Systems (HCS) were used to develop a particle phase dissipation rate model for non-spherical particle systems that was incorporated in a two-fluid CFDmultiphase flow model framework. Two types of frictionless, elongated particle models were compared in the HCS simulations: glued-sphere and true cylinder. A new model for drag for elongated fibres was developed which depends on Reynolds number, solids fraction, and fibre aspect ratio. Schulze shear test results could be used to calibrate particle-particle friction for DEM simulations. Several experimental measurements were taken for biomass particles like olive pulp, orange peels, wheat straw, semolina, and wheat grains. Using a compression tester, the breakage force, breakage energy, yield force, elastic stiffness and Young’s modulus were measured. Measurements were made in a shear tester to determine unconfined yield stress, major principal stress, effective angle of internal friction and internal friction angle. A liquid fludized bed system was used to determine critical velocity of fluidization for these materials. Transport measurements for pneumatic conveying were also assessed. Anaerobic digestion experiments were conducted using orange peel waste, olive pulp and wheat straw. Orange peel waste and olive pulp could be anaerobically digested to produce high methane yields. Wheat straw was not digestible. In a packed bed reactor, anaerobic digestion was not initiated above bulk densities of 100 kg/m³ for peel waste and 75 kg/m³ for olive pulp. Interestingly, after the digestion has been initiated and balanced methanogenesis established, the decomposing biomass could be packed to higher densities and successfully digested. These observations provided useful insights for high throughput reactor designs. Another outcome from this project was the development of low cost devices to measure methane content of biogas for off-line (US$37), field (US$50), and online (US$107) applications.
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Akasha, Heba, Omid Ghaffarpasand, and Francis Pope. Climate Change and Air Pollution. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.071.

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This rapid literature review explores the interactions between climate change and air pollution, with a focus on human health impacts. In particular, the report explores potential synergies in tackling climate change and air pollution together. The impacts and implications of the transition from a carbon-intensive economy upon air quality and consequently human health are examined. Discussing climate change without air pollution can lead to risks. For example, strategies that focus on electrification and transition to renewable energy achieve maximum health and air quality benefits compared to strategies that focus mainly on combustible renewable fuels (biofuel and biomass) with some electrification. Addressing climate change necessitates a shift towards a new low carbon era. This involves stringent and innovative changes in behaviour, technology, and policy. There are distinct benefits of considering climate change and air pollution together. Many of the processes that cause climate change also cause air pollution, and hence reductions in these processes will generate cleaner air and less global warming. Politically, the consideration of the two issues in tandem can be beneficial because of the time-inconsistency problems of climate change. Air pollution improvements can offer politicians victories, on a useful timescale, to help in their aims of reversing climate change. By coupling air pollution and air pollution agendas together, it will increase the media and political attention both environmental causes receive. Policies should involve the integration of climate change, air quality, and health benefits to create win-win situations. The success of the strategies requires financial and technical capacity building, commitment, transparency, and multidisciplinary collaboration, including governance stakeholders at multiple levels, in both a top-down and bottom-up manner.
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