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1
Jeon, Jae Yeol, Ryo Matsumoto, and Hiroshi Utsunomiya. "Feasibility Study on Die Quenching of AA2024 Aluminum Alloy Billet Using Servo Press." Advanced Materials Research 922 (May 2014): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.922.286.
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Die quenching of an AA2024 aluminum alloy billet was carried out using a servo press with ram motion control of WC-20mass%Co dies directly after solution heat treatment (SHT). The cylindrical billets were heated in an electric furnace and transferred to the press, then subjected to uniaxial compression with a reduction in height (Δh/h0) of 2%, 5% or 10% after SHT at 773 K or 823 K. The die quenching was successfully carried out without the precipitation hardening only on the billet after SHT at 823 K by sandwiching for 8 s. The subsequent artificial aging behavior at 463 K in an oil bath was investigated. It is found that the precipitation kinetics is accelerated in the die-quenched billets after SHT at 823 K. The peak hardness of the billet processed with 5% after SHT at 823 K is as high as that of the water-quenched billet, HV 149.0.
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Yang, Ruichuang, Jianxia Wen, Tao Yang, Chunmei Dai, and Yanling Zhao. "Evodiamine Inhibits Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation via PTEN-Mediated EGF/PI3K Signaling Pathway." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (November 16, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5570831.
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Aims. In this study, the pharmacological effects and potential molecular mechanisms of evodiamine in treating gastric cancer (GC) were investigated. Methods. GC cells lines of AGS and BGC-823 were treated with evodiamine at various concentrations for different times (24, 48, and 72 h). Inhibition of the proliferation of AGS and BGC-823 cells was assessed using a CCK-8 assay. The morphology of gastric cancer cells was detected by high-content screening (HCS). The apoptosis-inducing effect of evodiamine on AGS and BGC-823 cells was detected by flow cytometric analysis. Cell migration and invasion were detected by Transwell assay. The relative mRNA and protein expression levels of PTEN-mediated EGF/PI3K signaling pathways were investigated via RT-qPCR or western blotting, respectively. Results. Evodiamine substantially inhibited AGS and BGC-823 cells proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that evodiamine could induce apoptosis of AGS and BGC-823 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, evodiamine inhibited AGS and BGC-823 cell migration and invasion. Mechanistically, the results demonstrated that evodiamine promoted the relative mRNA and protein expression of PTEN and decreased expression of EGF, EGFR, PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, and mTOR. Most importantly, evodiamine could effectively increase the mRNA and protein expression of PTEN and decrease the protein expression of EGF/PI3K pathway, indicating that evodiamine downregulated EGF/PI3K through the activation of PTEN pathway. Conclusion. Evodiamine inhibited the directional migration and invasion of GC cells by inhibiting PTEN-mediated EGF/PI3K signaling pathway. These findings revealed that evodiamine might serve as a potential candidate for the treatment or prevention of GC.
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Li, Shaoying, Xiaojun Xi, Yiwa Luo, Mingtao Mao, Xiao Shi, Jing Guo, and Hanjie Guo. "Carbide Precipitation during Tempering and Its Effect on the Wear Loss of a High-Carbon 8 Mass% Cr Tool Steel." Materials 11, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 2491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11122491.
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In this paper, the precipitation of carbide and wear loss of high-carbon 8 mass% Cr tool steel at two tempering conditions (i.e., 773–803 K and 823–853 K) were studied by INCA Steel, EPMA-1720H, XRD, and ML-10 tester. The results show that the particles of test steels include the carbides (Cr7C3 and Cr23C6) and carbides nucleated on Al2O3. When carbides are of the same size, the number of carbides in test steel at a tempering temperature of 773–803 K is greater than that at a tempering temperature of 823–853 K, especially when the size of carbides is less than 5 μm. Compared with the test steel tempered at 823–853 K, the distance between adjacent actual particles reduced by 80.6 μm and the maximum amount of reduction was 9.4% for single wear loss at the tempering temperature of 773–803 K. It can be concluded from thermodynamics results that Al2O3 inclusions began to precipitate in liquid, and the precipitation of carbides was at the solid–liquid region. Al2O3 can be used as the nucleation interface of carbide, thus promoting the formation of carbides. During the cooling of molten steel, a lower temperature can increase the difference of actual solubility product bigger than equilibrium solubility product, thus promoting the carbide formation.
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Chen, Zhou, Dan Hong, Siting Li, and Yingmin Jia. "Novel Property Cytotoxicity and Mechanism of Food Preservative Brevilaterins against Human Gastric Cancer Cells." Foods 12, no. 8 (April 21, 2023): 1732. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12081732.
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Brevilaterins, antimicrobial peptides produced by Brevibacillus laterosporus, are regarded as excellent food preservatives and are popular as antimicrobial applications. Recent research has uncovered their potent cytotoxic effects against diverse cancer cells, thereby underscoring the pressing need for more extensive and intensive investigations into this use. In this study, we explored their novel function in inducing cytotoxicity to cancer cells and systematically investigated the mechanism of action of Brevilaterin B/C (BB/BC) in vivo. Proliferation, membrane permeability, and apoptotic rate were evaluated using CCK-8 assay, LDH assay, and Annexin V-FITC/PI kits. ROS levels and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected using the fluorescent probe DCFH-DA and JC-1. Our results demonstrated that both BB and BC at concentrations of 4–6 µg/mL significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells BGC-823. Treatment with 4 µg/mL of BB/BC rapidly increased LDH levels in the supernatant of BGC-823 cells, leading to further investigation of the mechanism of apoptosis. We found that the apoptotic rate of BGC-823 cells significantly increased upon treatment with BB/BC, demonstrating their potent induction of apoptosis. BB/BC-induced ROS production in BGC-823 cells impaired their growth and induced apoptosis, indicating a close association between apoptosis and ROS elevation. Additionally, JC-1 aggregates rapidly accumulated after treatment with 4 µg/mL of BB/BC, suggesting changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and early apoptosis. Taken together, our findings revealed that BB and BC exhibit significant anticancer effects against gastric cancer cells, highlighting the promising potential of Brevilaterins as anticancer agents.
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Xu, Jian, Guang-Zhi Zeng, Ke-Li Chen, Yi-Mei Liu, Zhang-Hua Sun, Ning-Hua Tan, and Yu-Mei Zhang. "A New Lignan Glycoside from Chamaecyparis obtusa var. breviramea f. crippsii." Natural Product Communications 9, no. 2 (February 2014): 1934578X1400900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1400900220.
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A new lignan glycoside, (-)-(8 S, 8′ R)-thujastandin-4- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), together with fourteen known lignanoids (2–15) and one coumarin (16) were isolated from the branches and leaves of Chamaecyparis obtusa var. breviramea f. crippsii. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic and spectrometric analysis. Compound 16 exhibited cytotoxicity against A549, BGC-823 and Hela cell lines with IC50 values of 25.9, 20.9 and 18.5 μM, respectively.
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Liu, Huan, Yong-Ming Yan, Li Liao, Shao-Xiang Wang, Yi Zhang, and Yong-Xian Cheng. "Cicadamides A and B, N-Acetyldopamine Dimers From the Insect Periostracum cicadae." Natural Product Communications 14, no. 6 (June 2019): 1934578X1985001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x19850019.
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Two new N-acetyldopamine dimers, cicadamides A (1) and B (2), and 8 known compounds were isolated from the medicinal insect Periostracum cicadae. Their structures including absolute configurations were assigned by spectroscopic and computational methods. Biological activities of compounds 1, (+)-2, and (–)-2 toward human cancer cells BGC-823, HepG2, and A549 were evaluated.
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Yakufu, Mirensha, Renaguli Hailiwu, Yuanyuan Cong, Ayijiang Habaike, Xiaomei Wang, and Palida Abulizi. "Antitumor activity of flavonoids from Alpinia officinarum hance on gastric cancer." European Journal of Inflammation 19 (January 2021): 205873922110511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20587392211051119.
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Introduction: To investigate antitumor activity and mechanism of flavonoids from Alpinia officinarum Hance against gastric cancer. Methods: Transplanted mouse fore-stomach carcinoma (MFC) tumor mice were divided into six groups: control group, model group, low dose (20 mg/kg), middle dose (40 mg/kg), and high dose (80 mg/kg) groups of TFAO and 5-Fu group. Mice were treated with TFAO or 5-Fu for 14 days, except those of control and model group. Tumor inhibitory rate, spleen, and thymus index were calculated. Contents of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 in serum were detected. Effect of galangin on BGC-823 cell growth was detected. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were measured. Enzyme activity of Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9 was detected. Western blot was used to detect STAT3, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, CyclinB1, and CyclinD1 protein expression in BGC-823 cell. Results: Compared with model group, tumor weight of mice decreased significantly ( p < .01) in 5-Fu group, low dose, middle dose, and high dose group of TFAO; thymus index of mice decreased significantly ( p < .05) in 5-Fu group; and spleen index decreased significantly ( p < .05) in low dose and middle dose groups of TFAO. Compared with model group, levels of PCNA, MMP-9, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum of mice decreased obviously ( p < .01) in all administration groups; levels of VEGF in serum of mice decreased obviously ( p < .01) in low dose and high dose group of TFAO and 5-Fu group; and levels of IL-17 in serum of mice decreased significantly ( p < .01) in low-dose and middle-dose groups of TFAO and 5-Fu group. Galangin could inhibit BGC-823 cell growth; accelerate apoptosis; block cell cycle; increase cell Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9 enzyme activity; upregulate expression of Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and Bax; and downregulate expression of STAT3, CyclinB1, CyclinD1, and Bcl-2 protein. Conclusion: Flavonoids from A. officinarum showed antitumor activity in gastric cancer. Mechanisms may be associated with inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, and cancer-associated inflammation.
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Fernández Ochoa, Carmen. "Reseña de: Hidalgo Prieto, Rafael (Coord.): Las Villas Romanas de la Bética." Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie I, Prehistoria y Arqueología, no. 11 (December 11, 2018): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/etfi.11.2018.23119.
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Reseña de Hidalgo Prieto, Rafael (Coord.): Las Villas Romanas de la Bética, vol. I y II, Ed. Universidad de Granada (ISBN: 978-84-338-6107-8), Universidad de Córdoba (ISBN: 978-84-9927-325-9), Universidad Pablo de Olavide (ISBN: 978-84-617-7532-3), Universidad de Sevilla (ISBN: 978-84-472-1861-5), Universidad de Málaga (ISBN: 978-84-9747-8298), Sevilla, 2016, 823 pgs.
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Zhou, Qiang, Jing Hou, Huamin Li, Li Cui, Han Jia, Bing Gong, and Lan He. "Synthesis and Antineoplastic Activity of Quinoline Derivatives." Australian Journal of Chemistry 61, no. 7 (2008): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch07419.
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Designed as a new series of molecules that contain the quinoline substructure, several 11H-indolo[3.2-c]quinoline derivatives were synthesized and subjected to biological evaluation. Several compounds were found to exhibit cytotoxic activity against the growth of colon (HTC-8), liver (BEL-7402), gastric (BCG-823), pulmonary gland (A549), and ovary (A2780) cancer cell lines. The structure–activity relationship of these compounds is discussed.
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Karpova, Darja, Michael P. Rettig, Linda Eissenberg, Julie Ritchey, Matthew Holt, Richard Heier, Stacy Arnett, et al. "Combined Targeting of CXCR2 and VLA4 Results in Rapid and Synergistic Mobilization of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells in Mice." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.659.659.
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Abstract Introduction : Since the first description of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization over forty years ago, it has become the standard of care for both autologous and allogeneic transplantation. A five-day course of G-CSF represents the most commonly used mobilization regimen today. The CXCR4 inhibitor, plerixafor, is a more rapid but weak mobilizer when used as a single agent, thus emphasizing the need for faster acting agents with more predictable mobilization responses and fewer side effects. Methods : Given the critical role of VLA4/VCAM1 signaling for migration and retention of HSPC, we were seeking to identify small molecule antagonists of VLA4 with improved potency and bioavailability. Relative to previously described comparators Bio5192 (▢4▢1-specific) and firategrast (▢4▢1 and ▢4▢7 dual-specific), our lead candidate, CWHM-823, exhibited increased aqueous solubility and ~10-100 fold better activity in blocking VLA4 and mobilizing HSPC in mice. CWHM-823 pharmacokinetics and mobilization were assessed in BALB/c and DBA/2 mice at different doses (3 to 15 mg/kg) and time points (15 to 240 min) when administered alone or in combination with the truncated isoform of the CXCR2 agonist Gro-beta (tGro-β, 2.5 mg/kg, generously provided by GlaxoSmithKline). HSPC mobilization was monitored using flow cytometry and clonogenic in vitro assays. "True" stem cells were measured in a serial competitive transplantation assay. The combination of tGro-β and VLA4 antagonist was further tested in diabetic mice in comparison to G-CSF (9 x 100μg/kg, q12h). RNA profiling of flow-sorted HSPC was performed via microarray analysis. Results : The combination of tGro-β with each VLA4 antagonist resulted in a dramatic synergistic increase in circulating HSPC numbers when compared to steady state (50-70-fold) or treatment with single agents (3-10 fold) including tGroβ. Mobilization with tGro-β + CWHM-823 was rapid, peaking at 15-30 minutes after injection. In a model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes, the mobilopathy (reduction in stem cell mobilization compared to wild type mice) was considerably less pronounced with the combination tGro-β + CWHM-823 (~1.5-fold lower CFU mobilization in diabetic mice) versus the 5-day course of G-CSF (~3-fold reduction). Despite the superior progenitor cell mobilization achieved with G-CSF (~2-fold more CFU and LSK/ml), the concentration of serially repopulating units (RU) was equally high in the tGro-β + CWHM-823 and G-CSF mobilized grafts suggesting a higher HSC frequency (1 RU out of 200 vs. 1 RU out of 400 LSK/CFU) in the tGro-β + CWHM-823 mobilized grafts (Figure 1). RNA profiling demonstrated close similarity between the expression profile of tGro-β + CWHM-823 mobilized, BM resident, and G-CSF mobilized LSK, with less than 0.5% of genes found to be significantly up- or downregulated. CXCR2 chemokine receptor stimulation was critical for the observed synergistic response, as pretreatment ("priming") or simultaneous treatment with tGro-β resulted in subsequent enhanced mobilization using VLA4 inhibitors, whereas reversed administration (VLA4 antagonist followed by tGro-β) had no effect on potency of either agent. Lack of surface CXCR2 expression on HSPC suggested that a rapidly acting effector molecule released from tGro-β-stimulated mature myeloid cells may subsequently influence VLA4-mediated HSPC adhesion/retention. Consistent with this theory, we observed increased protease MMP-9 in plasma within minutes after treatment with tGro-β + CWHM-823. Conclusions: We describe a novel strategy for rapid, reliable, and potent mobilization of HSPC in mice using a combination of VLA4 blockade (via novel and potent ▢4▢1 inhibitors) and CXCR2 activation (via tGro-β). The combination of tGro-β + VLA4 inhibitors or tGro-β followed by VLA4 inhibitors results in synergistic and rapid HSPC mobilization with quantity and quality of repopulating units similar to optimal mobilization with G-CSF. These data suggest further development of tGro-β + VLA4 inhibitor combinations for clinical testing is warranted. Figure 1. Mobilization of repopulating units (RU) (n=8-10 recipients per group, mean±SEM) Figure 1. Mobilization of repopulating units (RU) (n=8-10 recipients per group, mean±SEM) Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Schwille, J., Hsiang Kung, M. Hjohlman, G. Laverick, and G. Gardell. "Actual Delivered Density Fire Test Apparatus For Sprinklers Protecting High Commodity Storage." Fire Safety Science 8 (2005): 823–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3801/iafss.fss.8-823.
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Norikawa, Yutaro, Kouji Yasuda, and Toshiyuki Nohira. "Effect of Temperature on Grain Growth during Ti Electrodeposition in Lif–LiCl Eutectic Melt." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 23 (July 7, 2022): 1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01231197mtgabs.
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1. Introduction Ti has superior properties, such as high specific strength, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and is used for many fields such as airplane, chemical plant, consumer products. However, its high manufacturing cost and poor processability have hindered its further spread. Thus, a number of smelting processes and processing methods have been investigated to reduce the cost and spread the use of Ti. Among them, plating Ti metal on inexpensive substrates is one of the methods that can utilize the surface properties of Ti. Electrodeposition is a promising plating method from the viewpoints of the cost and the flexibility in shape of substrate. Therefore, electrodeposition of Ti metal in high-temperature molten salts has been investigated for a long time [1–3]. Our group has reported the electrodeposition of Ti films with compact and smooth surfaces in molten KF–KCl and LiF–LiCl containing Ti(III) ions at 923 K [4–7]. We also reported that the Ti films obtained in LiF–LiCl at 823 K had smoother surfaces [8]. In the present study, we investigated the effect of temperature on the grain growth and smoothness of Ti films electrodeposited in LiF–LiCl eutectic melt at 823–973 K. 2. Experimental The experiments were carried out in eutectic LiF–LiCl melt (30:70 mol%, melting point 774 K) at 823–973 K. The melt was placed in a nickel crucible and the experiments were conducted in an airtight Kanthal container in an argon glove box. As Ti(III) ion sources, Li2TiF6 (2.00 mol%) and Ti sponge (1.33 mol%) were added to the melt. The added amounts of Ti sponge were twice the amounts necessary to generate Ti(III) ions by comproportionation reaction between Ti(IV) ions and Ti(0) according to Eq. 1. Ti(0) + 3Ti(IV) → 4Ti(III) (1) Ni plates were used as working electrodes, and Ti rods was used as counter and reference electrodes. The samples prepared by galvanostatic electrolysis were analyzed by XRD and SEM/EDX after washing with distilled water to remove adhered salts. 3. Results and Discussion Fig. 1 shows the optical and surface SEM images of the samples obtained by galvanostatic electrolysis at 823, 873, 923, and 973 K. The cathodic current density was 50 mA cm−2 and electrolysis time was 20 min. All the samples have a metallic luster and are confirmed to be Ti metal by XRD analysis. However, the brightness differs between samples, with the Ti film at 823 K showing the highest brightness. From the surface SEM images, the crystal grain size of Ti increases as the temperature rises. This tendency is reasonably explained by previous work on the temperature dependence on grain growth of Ti [9]. Also, the value of surface roughness (Sa) measured by SEM increases as the temperature increases. The smoothest Ti film with Sa = 2.05 ± 0.22 μm was obtained at 823 K. These results show that Ti film with smoother surface can be electrodeposited by suppressing the grain growth of Ti at lower temperatures. To obtain thicker films, electrolysis was conducted for longer time at 823 K, where grain growth is suppressed. Fig. 2 shows the optical and SEM images of the samples obtained by galvanostatic electrolysis at a cathodic current density of 50 mA cm−2 and charge densities of 60, 150, and 450 C cm−2. As shown in the SEM images, the thickness of the Ti film increases with the increase in charge density. Although some deposition onto the edge was observed at 450 C cm−2, the thickness of the Ti film reaches 100 μm. Acknowledgement A part of this work was supported by JSPS Fellows grant number 19J15015. A part of this study was conducted as a collaboration with Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. The present address of Kouji Yasuda is Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto Univ. References [1] D. Wei, M. Okido, and T. Oki, J. Appl. Electrochem., 24, 923 (1994). [2] A. Robin and R. B. Ribeiro, J. Appl. Electrochem., 30, 239 (2000). [3] V. V. Malyshev and D. B. Shakhnin, Mater. Sci., 50, 80 (2014) [4] Y. Norikawa, K. Yasuda, and T. Nohira, Mater. Trans., 58, 390 (2017). [5] Y. Norikawa, K. Yasuda, and T. Nohira, Electrochemistry, 86, 99 (2018). [6] Y. Norikawa, K. Yasuda, and T. Nohira, J. Electrochem. Soc., 166, D755 (2019). [7] Y. Norikawa, K. Yasuda, and T. Nohira, J. Electrochem. Soc., 167, 082502 (2020). [8] M. Unoki, Y. Norikawa, K. Yasuda, and T. Nohira, ECS Trans., 98, 393 (2020) [9] K. Okazaki and H. Conrad, Metall. Trans., 3, 2411 (1972). Figure 1
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Qian, Jun, Hui Xie, Chenxu Guo, Rui Sun, Lin Su, Jianguang Jia, Xin Jin, Dajun Yu, and Jing Li. "SIJUNZI DECOCTION DEMOLITION PARTIES INHIBIT PROLIFERATION AND INDUCE APOPTOSIS OF HUMAN GASTRIC CANCER BGC823 SIDE POPULATION." African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 12, no. 6 (September 21, 2015): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v12i6.8.
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Background: Comprehensive treatment combining with Chinese medicine has become the main therapeutic regimen of gastric cancer. Previous
evidence demonstrated SD can enhance the effect of chemotherapy in advanced cancer, especially in gastric cancer. In order to investigate the
anticancer mechanism of SD in gastric cancer, we observed the effects of SD parties (Ginseng, Atractylodes, Poria, Licorice) on proliferation and
apoptosis of SP of human gastric cancer BGC-823.
Materials and Methods: 1. BGC-823 side population cells were sorted through flow cytometry. 2. To detect the changes of proliferation of SP
and NSP before and after the intervention of serum containing SD parties using cck-8 method. 3. To detect the changes of cell cycle and
apoptosis of SP and NSP before and after the intervention of serum containing SD parties through flow cytometry. 4. To detect the effects of
serum containing SD parties on apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2 of SP and NSP before and after the intervention by western-blot.
Results: It was found that four demolition parties serum treatments inhibited cell proliferation in a time-dependent manner. Compared with the
control group (normal saline treatment), there were increase in G1/G0 phase population of SP and NSP, and decrease in G2/M and S phase
population (P
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COSMULESCU, FELICIA, LUCIAN PAUNESCU, MARIUS FLORIN DRAGOESCU, and SORIN MIRCEA AXINTE. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FOAM GLASS GRAVEL TYPES EXPERIMENTALLY PRODUCED BY MICROWAVE IRRADIATION." Journal of Engineering Studies and Research 26, no. 3 (July 27, 2020): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.29081/jesr.v26i3.207.
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The paper presents an unconventional technique for manufacturing foam glass gravel. The numerous experimental results obtained by the authors in the last year using various manufacturing recipes common in the world industrial production by conventional techniques were selected and subjected to a qualitative and energy efficiency comparative analysis, aiming to determine the best foam glass gravel manufacturing procedure under the conditions of the use of the microwave energy. The optimum recipe was composed of 83% glass waste, 1 % glycerol, 8 % sodium silicate and 8 % water. The maximum heating temperature reached 823 ºC with a very economical energy consumption of 0.88 kWh/kg. The sample characteristics were apparent density-0.24 g/cm3, porosity-89.1% with pore size between 0.3 - 0.6 mm, thermal conductivity-0.063 W/m·K and compressive strength - 5.9 MPa, almost similar to those industrially obtained.
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Ti, Gang, Zongliang Guo, Lili Li, Yongqiang Lv, Bin Yang, Jian Wang, Rui Guo, Yunqing Chen, Debin Meng, and Feng Li. "miR-33a-5p Targets RAP2A to Mediate the Sensitivity of Gastric Cancer Cells to 5-FU." Disease Markers 2022 (August 22, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9701047.
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Objective. The objective of this study is to explore the effects of microRNA-33a-5p (miR-33a-5p)-ras-related protein Rap-2a (RAP2A) on biological functions of gastric cancer (GC) and to find the potential functional mechanism. Methods. We measured the miR-33a-5p expression in 30 GC tissues and cellular level and 30 adjacent normal tissues as control. Besides, the expression of miR-33a-5p was checked at cell level as well. To screen the possible targets of miR-33a-5p, prediction software was used and gene RAP2A attracted our attention. Through a series of experiments including real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), luciferase assay, and western blotting (WB), we verified RAP2A as a potential target of miR-33a-5p. The impacts of miR-33a-5p and RAP2A on biological functions of GC cell lines (BGC-823 and MGC-803) were analyzed by subsequent experiments. Cell invasion was tested by invasion assays. Cell proliferation was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell clone was measured by clone formation assays. Finally, the expression of RAP2A protein was analyzed by WB assay. Results. We found miR-33a-5p was expressed lowly in GC tissues and cells. Overexpression of miR-33a-5p in BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells greatly inhibited the cell invasion and colony number. Furthermore, compared to sh-control (shControl), RAP2A knockdown (sh-RAP2A/shRAP2A) raised the sensitivity of GC cells to 5-FU significantly, characterized as reducing cell apoptosis. Conclusions. The expression of miR-33a-5p was lower in GC cell lines and tissues obviously, indicating that miR-33a-5p served as the antitumor gene in GC. The expression of RAP2A regulated negatively the sensitivity of GC cells to 5-FU. According to our in vitro experiments, miR-33a-5p/RAP2A was likely to become a new therapeutic target for GC.
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Jia, Tai Xuan, Ji Chang Zhang, and Zi Li Liu. "Preparation and Property of Y-Mg-Al-Layered Double Oxides." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 764–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.764.
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Y-Mg-Al-layered double Oxides (Y-Mg-Al-LDO) were prepared by calcining Y3+-doped Mg-Al-layered hydrotalcites at 823 K for 8 h from co-precipitation method. The samples were detected by XRD and CO2-TPD. Micro-structure and essential regularity were disclosed. The acetone condensation reaction as a probe reaction was carried on fixed-bed micro-reactor at reactive temperature 673 K, reactive time 3 h and liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) 6 h-1 over Y-Mg-Al-LDO. The catalyst evaluation results show that Y-Mg-Al-LDO possess high catalytic activity. The maximum value of acetone conversion reached 37.53%. The selectivity and single-pass-yield of isophorone were 55.66% and 20.89%, respectively.
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Smith, Sally S., Dorothy I. Shulman, Thomas M. O'Dorisio, Daniel T. McClenathan, James A. Borger, Barry B. Bercu, and Allen W. Root. "Watery Diarrhea, Hypokalemia, Achlorhydria Syndrome in an Infant." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 6, no. 5 (September 1987): 710–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1987.tb09386.x.
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SummaryAn 8‐week‐old infant presented with vomiting and failure to thrive due to small bowel obstruction caused by a diffusely enlarged pancreas. Surgical bypass of the obstruction was followed by secretory diarrhea, hypokalemia, and dehydration. Plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) (823 pg/ml), pancreatic polypeptide (4,500 pg/ml), and neurotensin (680 pg/ml) concentrations were markedly elevated. No neoplastic process was identified. Therapy with the long‐acting somatostatin analogue SMS 201–995 was followed by decline in VIP concentrations (900 to 200–300 pg/ml), decrease in stool frequency, and normalization of serum electrolytes. During 12 months of somatostatin analogue therapy, length and weight progressed along the 3rd percentile on the Tanner growth chart.
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Diedrich, H., R. Preusker, R. Lindstrot, and J. Fischer. "Retrieval of daytime total columnar water vapour from MODIS measurements over land surfaces." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 8, no. 2 (February 19, 2015): 823–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-823-2015.
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Abstract. A retrieval of total column water vapour (TCWV) from MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) measurements is presented. The algorithm is adapted from a retrieval for MERIS (Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) from Lindstrot et al. (2012). It obtains the TCWV for cloud-free scenes above land at a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km and provides uncertainties on a pixel-by-pixel basis. The algorithm has been extended by introducing empirical correction coefficients for the transmittance calculation within the forward operator. With that, a wet bias of the MODIS algorithm against ARM microwave radiometer data has been eliminated. The validation against other ground-based measurements (GNSS water vapour stations, GUAN radiosondes, and AERONET sun photometers) on a global scale reveals a bias between −0.8 and −1.6 mm and root mean square deviations between 0.9 and 2 mm. This is an improvement in comparison to the operational TCWV Level 2 product (bias between −1.9 and −3.2 mm and root mean square deviations between 1.9 and 3.4 mm). The comparison to MERIS TCWV for an example overpass exposes a systematic dry bias.
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Davies, H., and C. Neal. "GIS-based methodologies for assessing nitrate, nitrite and ammonium distributions across a major UK basin, the Humber." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 8, no. 4 (August 31, 2004): 823–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-8-823-2004.
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Abstract. The distributions of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium at various monitoring sites across the Humber basin (area 24 000 km2) were examined within a Geographical Information System (GIS) framework. This basin contains diverse characteristics, from areas of high population and industry to rural and arable regions. The Humber River is a major provider of and nutrient fluxes to the North Sea from the UK. Within the GIS analysis, the distributions of mean and mean flow weighted concentrations, flux and flux per unit area, were investigated. Empirical relationships between land characteristics and water quality for the whole catchment draining to each water quality monitoring site were established. Thirty-eight catchments were chosen for this analysis, with areas ranging from 46 km2 to 8225 km2. These catchments are distributed across the Humber, encompassing the different conditions across the basin, thus allowing relationships between water quality and catchment characteristics to be used to estimate the nitrogen concentrations and flux throughout the basin river network. The main water quality data source was the Land Ocean Interaction Study (LOIS) dataset. The Environment Agency of England and Wales water quality datasets were used to infill areas of sparse LOIS monitoring network density within the Humber. The work shows the feasibility of estimating nitrate and, to a lesser extent, nitrite and ammonium concentrations and fluxes across the river network based on land characteristics, using a GIS methodology. The estimations work particularly well for the main river channels. However, there are local anomalies which are more difficult to predict. Maps showing concentration variations at 500 m intervals along the Humber basin river networks are presented; these are of particular value for environmental managers and socio-economists. Keywords: GIS, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, catchment characteristics
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Johnson, P. B., S. O. Cawich, P. Roberts, S. Shah, M. T. Gardner, G. Gordon-Strachan, and N. W. Pearce. "Corrigendum to: Variants of hepatic arterial supply in a Caribbean population: A computed tomography based study. [68 (8) 823–827]." Clinical Radiology 68, no. 11 (November 2013): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2013.07.004.
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Hernández-Rivera, Mirsha Pamela, Alicia Ramírez-Ramírez, Adelaido Chiñas-Pérez, Amalia Monroy-Ostria, Mario Eugenio Cancino-Díaz, and Omar Hernández-Montes. "NRAMP1 Polymorphisms like Susceptibility Marker in Mexican Focus of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7951285.
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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in Campeche state, Mexico. Host and parasite factors are involved in the establishment and development of CL. Host factors include immune response and genetic background. NRAMP1 (Natural Resistance Associated Macrophage Protein 1) is important in innate immunity. Polymorphisms inNRAMP1have been associated with susceptibility or resistance to infectious and autoimmune diseases. To study the association ofNRAMP1mutations with CL in patients from Calakmul, Campeche, samples from 115 CL patients and 69 samples of healthy people from the same area were evaluated. Five regions inNRAMP1were amplified and digested, looking for mutations in the promoter region (−524G/C), exon 3 (274C/T), exon 8 (823 C7T), and exon 15 (G/A) and deletion of 4 bp in the 3′UTR region. We found a statistical association between polymorphisms in 3′UTR region and exon 8 and CL [χ2=13.26;p<0.05; OR = 17.00; IC of 95% (2.24–128.99)]. Some patients who needed more than 40 doses of Glucantime®to heal injuries presented mutations in exons 3, 8, and 15. Multiple or ear lesions were not associated withNRAMP1polymorphism.
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Weisshaar, Elke, Thomas L. Diepgen, Thomas Bruckner, Manigé Fartasch, Jörg Kupfer, Thomas Lob-Corzilius, Johannes Ring, et al. "Itch Intensity Evaluated in the German Atopic Dermatitis Intervention Study (GADIS): Correlations with Quality of Life, Coping Behaviour and SCORAD Severity in 823 Children." Acta Dermato-Venereologica 88, no. 3 (May 3, 2008): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/00015555-0432.
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The German Atopic Dermatitis Intervention Study (GADIS), which includes 823 children and adolescents, showed that age-related educational programmes are effective in the long-term management of atopic dermatitis. We investigated whether the itch severity obtained in the scoring of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) correlates with quality of life and coping behaviour in children and parents. There were significant but low correlations between the severity of atopic dermatitis and the itch intensity. Itch and sleeplessness were significantly correlated. Significant correlations of itch with the coping behaviour and quality of life in parents of children with atopic dermatitis were measured. The coping and itching behaviour of children (8-12 years) and adolescents (13-18 years) had higher significant correlations with the itch compared with the parents' answers. Quality of life in children (8-12 years) and adolescents (13-18 years) showed a significant negative correlation with itch intensity. Quality of life, itch intensity and coping strategies should be considered when treating patients with atopic dermatitis.
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Liu, Ke Ming, Z. B. Chen, Jin Zou, Shi Yong Wei, Qiang Hu, and De Ping Lu. "Microstructure and Properties of Deformation-Processed Cu–Cr In Situ Composites." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.329.
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Cu-11Cr alloy was prepared by casting and processed into an in situ composite by cold deformation and heat treatment. The microstructure, strength and conductivity were investigated by scanning electronic microscope, tensile-testing machine and micro-ohmmeter. The results suggested that the initially randomly distributed Cr dendrites in the as-cast Cu-11Cr alloy were transformed into Cr fibres aligned parallel to the drawing axis in the deformation-processed in situ composite; the tensile strength and the resistivity increased with increasing cold deformation strain. The good combination of strength and conductivity of the deformation-processed Cu-11Cr in situ composite was achieved by using the proper cold deformation and heat treatment. At η = 8, the tensile strength and conductivity reached 823 MPa and 71.9 %IACS, respectively.
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Usman, Parveen, Habib Qaisar, Anwar ul Haque, and Qalab Abbas. "COMPARISON OF TWO DEFINITIONS (p-RIFLE AND KDIGO) FOR PREVALENCE OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AND IN HOSPITAL MORTALITY IN A PAEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT OF PAKISTAN." Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.55519/jamc-01-9147.
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Background: To compare the Paediatric RIFLE (p-RIFLE) and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definitions of acute kidney injury (AKI) for frequency of (AKI) and in-hospital mortality in critically ill children. Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of all patients (aged 1 month – 16 years) admitted in Paediatric Intensive Care Unit from January 2015–December 2016, with length of stay >48 hours, was done. Patients with chronic kidney disease were excluded. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the performance of the p-RIFLE and KDIGO criteria to predict the AKI related mortality. Logistic regression analysis was done to determine the association of different variables with mortality in AKI patient based on p-RIFLE, KDIGO. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of total 823 patients admitted during the study period, 562 patients were included in the study. Median age was 2 years (Interquartile range 8 years). AKI frequency according to p-RIFLE and KDIGO were 391 (70%), and 372 (66%) respectively. Overall, 106/823 (12.8%) children died during study period, 78 (19.9%) in AKI by p-RIFLE and 76 (20.4%) in AKI by KDIGO died. The area-under- curve for in-hospital mortality for p-RIFLE and KDIGO criteria were 0.525 (p=0.427), and 0.534 (p=0.276), respectively. Conclusion: P-RIFLE is more sensitive compared to KDIGO in diagnosing AKI in critically ill children; identifying a greater number of moderate staged AKI cases. Greater AKI severity is associated with higher mortality in critically ill children.
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Kurchania, Rajnish, and Girish M. Kale. "Oxygen Potential in Molten Tin and Gibbs Energy of Formation of SnO2 Employing an Oxygen Sensor." Journal of Materials Research 15, no. 7 (July 2000): 1576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2000.0226.
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On-line monitoring of the dissolved impurities in molten metals is important for better process control during alloying and metal refining operations. Disposable-type oxygen sensors are commercially available and are used in the iron and steel industry worldwide. However, there is a need for developing low-cost, reliable, long-life oxygen sensors for continuous monitoring of dissolved oxygen in molten metals. In this paper we present the results of the physical and electrical characterization of the solid electrolyte material ZrO2 (8 mol%Y2O3). The experimental results of the application of long-life solid-state electrochemical sensors designed using yttria-stabilized zirconia solid electrolyte for the measurement of oxygen potential in molten tin between 823 to 1273 K and standard Gibbs energy of formation of SnO2 from its elements are also reported.
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Todaro, Dustin R., Allison C. Augustus-Wallace, Jennifer M. Klein, and Arthur L. Haas. "Oligomerization of the HECT ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-2/NEDD4L is essential for polyubiquitin chain assembly." Journal of Biological Chemistry 293, no. 47 (October 4, 2018): 18192–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra118.003716.
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The NEDD4-2 (neural precursor cell–expressed developmentally down-regulated 4-2) HECT ligase catalyzes polyubiquitin chain assembly by an ordered two-step mechanism requiring two functionally distinct E2∼ubiquitin–binding sites, analogous to the trimeric E6AP/UBE3A HECT ligase. This conserved catalytic mechanism suggests that NEDD4-2, and presumably all HECT ligases, requires oligomerization to catalyze polyubiquitin chain assembly. To explore this hypothesis, we examined the catalytic mechanism of NEDD4-2 through the use of biochemically defined kinetic assays examining rates of 125I-labeled polyubiquitin chain assembly and biophysical techniques. The results from gel filtration chromatography and dynamic light-scattering analyses demonstrate for the first time that active NEDD4-2 is a trimer. Homology modeling to E6AP revealed that the predicted intersubunit interface has an absolutely conserved Phe-823, substitution of which destabilized the trimer and resulted in a ≥104-fold decrease in kcat for polyubiquitin chain assembly. The small-molecule Phe-823 mimic, N-acetylphenylalanyl-amide, acted as a noncompetitive inhibitor (Ki = 8 ± 1.2 mm) of polyubiquitin chain elongation by destabilizing the active trimer, suggesting a mechanism for therapeutically targeting HECT ligases. Additional kinetic experiments indicated that monomeric NEDD4-2 catalyzes only HECT∼ubiquitin thioester formation and monoubiquitination, whereas polyubiquitin chain assembly requires NEDD4-2 oligomerization. These results provide evidence that the previously identified sites 1 and 2 of NEDD4-2 function in trans to support chain elongation, explicating the requirement for oligomerization. Finally, we identified a conserved catalytic ensemble comprising Glu-646 and Arg-604 that supports HECT–ubiquitin thioester exchange and isopeptide bond formation at the active-site Cys-922 of NEDD4-2.
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Gómez-Vargas, O. A., M. Ortiz-Domínguez, I. Campos-Silva, U. Figueroa-López, J. Oseguera-Peña, J. A. García-Macedo, V. A. Castellanos-Escamilla, et al. "Formación de una capa boronitrurada en un hierro puro ARMCO." Tópicos de Investigación en Ciencias de la Tierra y Materiales 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2015): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29057/aactm.v2i2.9872.
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El presente trabajo estudia un proceso de endurecimiento superficial a través de la formación de una capa boronitrurada sobre la superficie de un hierro puro. La selección del hierro puro es para evadir la influencia de algún elemento de aleación que modifique el crecimiento de las capas. Los procesos fueron llevados a cabo de acuerdo a la siguiente secuencia: Para el proceso de borurización de pasta se sometieron diferentes muestras a temperaturas de 1173, 1223 y 1273 K con tiempos de 4, 6 y 8 horas para cada temperatura. Posteriormente, para el proceso de nitrurado empleando la técnica de empaquetamiento en caja se utilizaron temperaturas de 823 y 843K con tiempos de 4 y 6 horas. Las capas obtenidas fueron caracterizadas por microscopia óptica, microscopía electrónica de barrido, análisis por EDS así como evaluación por microdureza.
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Gamulin, Marija, Mislav Grgic, and Lana Jajac Brucic. "Bilateral testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) prevalence: The 24-year-long single-center experience." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e15031-e15031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e15031.
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e15031 Background: Theetiology andreliable biomarkers for the risk of bilateral TGCT are still under investigation. Long-term relapse risks of up to 20 years after the therapy in contralateral testes demand a specific model of surveillance. Due to the rarity of the tumor type, reports of national experiences of bilateral TGCT are of a crucial significance for a future global database. Methods: The study was conducted during the treatment of 1 823 patients with TGCT in a single center from 1987-2011. Their mean age was 24 years at the time of diagnosis. Results: Out of 1 823 patients diagnosed with TGCT, 33 developed the bilateral disease (1.81%), 11 of them had synchronous tumors (33%). In the rest of patients the second testicular tumor was diagnosed 1 to 17 years after the initial diagnosis. The mean age of patients with bilateral TGCT was 28. According to the histological type: 11 were seminoma, 14 non-seminoma and 8 mixed seminoma and non-seminoma. Seven patients with bilateral tumor had a seminoma component at initial diagnosis. Compared to 5 patients out of 11 with synchronous tumor, the yolk sac component was detected only in 2 out of 22 metachronous patients. Conclusions: The presented findings of bilateral TGCT prevalence (1.8%) are in concordance with similar previous studies. As this type of tumor may be effectively treated, the risk assessment of metachronous tumor development should in future be facilitated by new biomarkers based on omics techniques. Thus, the investigation of karyotyping, c-KIT and transcriptome specificities will contribute to elucidation which pathways contribute to germ cell neoplasms. The stem cell markers for pluripotency maintenance may in future become potential diagnostic markers used as predictors for metastatic germ cell tumors. The development of a global database on these rare tumors will be of a crucial importance.
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Boyer, Charles, Mark Tremblay, Travis Saunders, Allison McFarlane, Michael Borghese, Meghann Lloyd, and Pat Longmuir. "Feasibility, Validity, and Reliability of the Plank Isometric Hold as a Field-Based Assessment of Torso Muscular Endurance for Children 8–12 Years of Age." Pediatric Exercise Science 25, no. 3 (August 2013): 407–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.25.3.407.
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This project examined the feasibility, validity, and reliability of the plank isometric hold for children 8–12 years of age. 1502 children (52.5% female) performed partial curl-up and/or plank protocols to assess plank feasibility (n = 823, 52.1% girls), validity (n = 641, 54.1% girls) and reliability (n = 111, 47.8% girls). 12% (n = 52/431) of children could not perform a partial curl-up, but virtually all children (n = 1066/1084) could attain a nonzero score for the plank. Plank performance without time limit was influenced by small effects with age (β = 6.86; p < .001, η2 = 0.03), flexibility (β = 0.79; p < .001, η2 = 0.03), and medium effects with cardiovascular endurance (β = 1.07; p < .001, η2 = 0.08), and waist circumference (β = −0.92; p < .001, η2 = 0.06). Interrater (ICC = 0.62; CI = 0.50, 0.75), intrarater (ICC = 0.83; CI = 0.73, 0.90) and test-retest (ICC = 0.63; CI = 0.46, 0.75) reliability were acceptable for the plank without time limit. These data suggest the plank without time limit is a feasible, valid and reliable assessment of torso muscular endurance for children 8–12 years of age.
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Cavalli, Lesley, and John Hadley. "Dynamics of the Singing Voice. Bunch Meribeth. Second, Revised Edition. Springer-Verlag: Wien New York. 1993. ISBN 3211 823 94 8. Price DM59." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 107, no. 10 (October 1993): 978. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100125010.
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He, Wen Jun, Zhao Hui Fu, Hong Jin Han, He Yan, Guang Zhi Zeng, Chang Jiu Ji, Hong Biao Chu, Yu Mei Zhang, and Ning Hua Tan. "Benzoic Acid Allopyranosides and Lignan Glycosides from the Twigs of Keteleeria evelyniana." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 66, no. 7 (July 1, 2011): 733–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2011-0715.
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Seven new compounds, including three benzoic acid allopyranosides keteleeroside A (1), keteleeroside B (2) and keteleeroside C (3), and four lignan glycosides 3’-demethylicariside E3 (4), isocupressoside B (5), 3-methoxyisocupressoside B (6), and isomassonianoside B (7), along with five known compounds (8 - 12), were isolated from the n-butanol part of the methanolic extract of the twigs of Keteleeria evelyniana. The structures of these compounds were elucidated mainly by the analysis of their NMR and MS data. All compounds were isolated from this genus for the first time. The skeleton of lignan glycoside 4 was isolated from the Pinaceae family for the first time. All compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus, and their cytotoxic activity against K562, HT-29, B16, BGC-823, BEL-7402, SGC-7901, U251, and A549 cancer cell lines was studied. Results indicated that none of the compounds showed antimicrobial or cytotoxic activity.
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Tang, J. F., D. J. Wu, L. Chen, G. Q. Zhao, and C. M. Tan. "ELECTRON CYCLOTRON MASER EMISSIONS FROM EVOLVING FAST ELECTRON BEAMS." Astrophysical Journal 823, no. 1 (May 16, 2016): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/0004-637x/823/1/8.
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Wang, Bin-Sheng, Chen-Li Zhang, Xiang Cui, Qiang Li, Lei Yang, Zhi-Yun He, Ze Yang, Miao-Miao Zeng, and Nong Cao. "Curcumin inhibits the growth and invasion of gastric cancer by regulating long noncoding RNA AC022424.2." World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 16, no. 4 (April 15, 2024): 1437–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v16.i4.1437.
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BACKGROUND Gastric cancer, characterized by a multifactorial etiology and high heterogeneity, continues to confound researchers in terms of its pathogenesis. Curcumin, a natural anticancer agent, exhibits therapeutic promise in gastric cancer. Its effects include promoting cell apoptosis, curtailing tumor angiogenesis, and enhancing sensitivity to radiation and chemotherapy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have garnered significant attention as biomarkers for early screening, diagnosis, treatment, and drug response because of their remarkable specificity and sensitivity. Recent investigations have revealed an association between aberrant lncRNA expression and early diagnosis, clinical staging, metastasis, drug sensitivity, and prognosis in gastric cancer. A profound understanding of the intricate mechanisms through which lncRNAs influence gastric cancer development can provide novel insights for precision treatment and tailored management of patients with gastric cancer. This study aimed to unravel the potential of curcumin in suppressing the malignant behavior of gastric cancer cells by upregulating specific lncRNAs and modulating gastric cancer onset and progression. AIM To identify lncRNAs associated with curcumin treatment and investigate the role of lncRNA AC022424.2 in the effects of curcumin on gastric cancer cell apoptosis, proliferation, and invasion. Furthermore, these findings were validated in clinical samples. METHODS The study employed CCK-8 assays to assess the impact of curcumin on gastric cancer cell proliferation, flow cytometry to investigate its effects on apoptosis, and scratch and Transwell assays to evaluate its influence on the migration and invasion of BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells. Western blotting was used to gauge changes in the protein expression levels of CDK6, CDK4, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, P65, and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in gastric cancer cell lines after curcumin treatment. Differential expression of lncRNAs before and after curcumin treatment was assessed using lncRNA sequencing and validated using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells. AC022424.2-1 knockdown BGC-823 and MGC-803 cells were generated to scrutinize the impact of lncRNA AC022424.2 on apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Western blotting was performed to ascertain changes in the expression of proteins implicated in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF-κB signaling pathways. RT-PCR was employed to measure lncRNA AC022424.2 expression in clinical gastric cancer tissues and to correlate its expression with clinical pathological characteristics. RESULTS Curcumin induced apoptosis and hindered proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. LncRNA AC022424.2 was upregulated after curcumin treatment, and its knockdown enhanced cancer cell aggressiveness. LncRNA AC022424.2 may have affected cancer cells via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF-κB signaling pathways. LncRNA AC022424.2 downregulation was correlated with lymph node metastasis, making it a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker. CONCLUSION Curcumin has potential anticancer effects on gastric cancer cells by regulating lncRNA AC022424.2. This lncRNA plays a significant role in cancer cell behavior and may have clinical implications in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. The results of this study enhance our understanding of gastric cancer development and precision treatment.
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Gu, Shi, Panagiotis Fotiadis, Linden Parkes, Cedric H. Xia, Ruben C. Gur, Raquel E. Gur, David R. Roalf, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, and Dani S. Bassett. "Network controllability mediates the relationship between rigid structure and flexible dynamics." Network Neuroscience 6, no. 1 (2022): 275–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/netn_a_00225.
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Abstract Precisely how the anatomical structure of the brain supports a wide range of complex functions remains a question of marked importance in both basic and clinical neuroscience. Progress has been hampered by the lack of theoretical frameworks explaining how a structural network of relatively rigid interareal connections can produce a diverse repertoire of functional neural dynamics. Here, we address this gap by positing that the brain’s structural network architecture determines the set of accessible functional connectivity patterns according to predictions of network control theory. In a large developmental cohort of 823 youths aged 8 to 23 years, we found that the flexibility of a brain region’s functional connectivity was positively correlated with the proportion of its structural links extending to different cognitive systems. Notably, this relationship was mediated by nodes’ boundary controllability, suggesting that a region’s strategic location on the boundaries of modules may underpin the capacity to integrate information across different cognitive processes. Broadly, our study provides a mechanistic framework that illustrates how temporal flexibility observed in functional networks may be mediated by the controllability of the underlying structural connectivity.
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Tarigan, Lukman H., Manuel Cifuentes, Margaret Quinn, and David Kriebel. "Prevention of Needle-Stick Injuries in Healthcare Facilities: A Meta-Analysis." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 36, no. 7 (March 13, 2015): 823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2015.50.
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OBJECTIVETo estimate the summary effectiveness of different needle-stick injury (NSI)-prevention interventions.DESIGNWe conducted a meta-analysis of English-language articles evaluating methods for reducing needle stick, sharp, or percutaneous injuries published from 2002 to 2012 identified using PubMed and Medline EBSCO databases. Data were extracted using a standardized instrument. Random effects models were used to estimate the summary effectiveness of 3 interventions: training alone, safety-engineered devices (SEDs) alone, and the combination of training and SEDs.SETTINGHealthcare facilities, mainly hospitalsPARTICIPANTSHealthcare workers including physicians, midwives, and nursesRESULTSFrom an initial pool of 250 potentially relevant studies, 17 studies met our inclusion criteria. Six eligible studies evaluated the effectiveness of training interventions, and the summary effect of the training intervention was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.50–0.89). The summary effect across the 5 studies that assessed the efficacy of SEDs was 0.51 (95% CI, 0.40–0.64). A total of 8 studies evaluated the effectiveness of training plus SEDs, with a summary effect of 0.38 (95% CI, 0.28–0.50).CONCLUSIONTraining combined with SEDs can substantially reduce the risk of NSIs.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2015;36(7):823–829
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SKRIVER, ANNE, JENS HOLSTBORG, and KARSTEN B. QVIST. "Relation between sensory texture analysis and rheological properties of stirred yogurt." Journal of Dairy Research 66, no. 4 (November 1999): 609–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029999003763.
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The sensory and rheological characteristics of stirred yogurts varying in fermentation temperature, heat treatment of milk, dry matter content and composition of bacterial cultures were investigated. Two independent sensory properties, non-oral viscosity and oral viscosity, were evaluated. To reflect these properties precisely it was necessary to perform rheological measurements at both small and large deformations. Non-oral and oral viscosities were successfully modelled from a set of rheological variables by partial least squares regression, resulting in a three component model explaining 83·8% of the variation in non-oral viscosity and a two component model explaining 82·0% of the variation in oral viscosity. Non-oral viscosity was highly correlated with the complex modulus (G*) from the dynamic oscillatory measurements (r=0·823) and the viscosity obtained from a Brookfield viscometer (with Helipath stand) operating at 5 rev./min (r=0·862). Similarly, there were relationships between oral viscosity and the hysteresis loop area from the viscometry test (r=0·867) and between oral viscosity and the viscosity obtained from the Posthumus funnel (r=0·834).
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Yuan, Haining, Jie Huang, Bokun Lv, Wenying Yan, Guang Hu, Jian Wang, and Bairong Shen. "Diagnosis Value of the Serum Amyloid A Test in Neonatal Sepsis: A Meta-Analysis." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/520294.
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Neonatal sepsis (NS), a common disorder for humans, is recognized as a leading global public health challenge. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the accuracy of the serum amyloid A (SAA) test for diagnosing NS. The studies that evaluated the SAA test as a diagnotic marker were searched in Pubmed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Google Network between January 1996 and June 2013. A total of nine studies including 823 neonates were included in our meta-analysis. Quality of each study was evaluated by the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies tool (QUADAS). The SAA test showed moderate accuracy in the diagnosis of NS both at the first suspicion of sepsis and 8–96 h after the sepsis onset, both withQ*=0.91, which is similar to the PCT and CRP tests for the diagnosis of NS in the same period. Heterogeneity between studies was also explained by cut-off point, SAA assay, and age of included neonates. On the basis of our meta-analysis, therefore, SAA could be promising and meaningful in the diagnosis of NS.
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Ksendzuk, V. V., and K. Yu Poliak. "Development of accounting methodology for economic results of emergency situations." Problems of Theory and Methodology of Accounting, Control and Analysis, no. 2(52) (October 3, 2022): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26642/pbo-2022-2(52)-29-39.
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As a result of the research, the publication has developed organizational and methodological provisions for accounting for the consequences of emergency situations, which provide the procedure improving for using such elements of the method as accounts and double entry. In order to highlight the consequences of an emergency, it is proposed to change the mechanism for using class 8 accounts, by changing its name and structure and order of reflection: changing the name of class 8 from «Expenses by elements» to «Transit accounts on request»; expand the contribution of class 8 accounts «Transit accounts on request» taking into account the costs of elements, the consequences of emergencies and risk-oriented operations; the mechanism for using class 8 accounts «Transit accounts on request» by proposals for changing the provisions of the instructions on the use of the chart of accounts. In order to expand the information space generated by these accounts, a procedure for organizing analytical accounting has been developed that takes into account both the consequences of emergency situations and their properties. This is the basis for the procedure for reflecting the consequences of emergencies as part of the costs of activities using transit accounts (821 "Production costs caused by the consequences of emergencies», 822 «General production costs caused by the consequences of emergencies», 823 «Administrative expenses caused by the consequences of emergencies», 824 «Sales expenses caused by the consequences of emergencies», 825 «Other operating expenses caused by the consequences of emergencies»). Their application in the practice of enterprises and effectiveness in the formation of the information space for managing economic activities in emergency situations indicates their effectiveness, practical value, and scientific validity.
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BENSON, JACK A. "A Novel Gaba Receptor in the Heart of a Primitive Arthropod, Limulus Polyphemus." Journal of Experimental Biology 147, no. 1 (November 1, 1989): 421–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.147.1.421.
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1. The isolated, intact heart of the marine arachnid Limulus polyphemus continues to beat in vitro for many hours. Application of γaminobutyric acid (GABA) decreased the heart beat frequency with a threshold of 3xlO−7 moll−1 and an EC50 of 2.0±0.6xlO−5 moll−1 (mean±s.D., N = 8). At lO−4moll−1 and above the heart beat was completely and reversibly inhibited. 2. The agonist potency profile of the Limulus heart chronotropic GABA receptor was very similar to that of the vertebrate GABAA receptor: muscimol > ZAPA>GABA=⋍TACA>isoguvacine>THIP>3-aminopropane sulphonic acid> imidazole-4-acetic acid ⋍ß-guanidino proprionic acid ⋍5-aminovalerate. In contrast, the antagonist profile differed dramatically: bicuculline, pitrazepin and SR 95103, as well as the channel blocker picrotoxin, were without effect at concentrations up to 10−4moll−1. 3. The benzodiazepines clorazepate, flunitrazepam, flurazepam and diazepam, as well as the barbiturate sodium pentobarbital, were without effect on the GABA response, suggesting that the Limulus heart GABA receptor is not complexed with the benzodiazepine and barbiturate modulatory subunits that characterize vertebrate GABAA receptor. 4. The GABAB ligands baclofen, phaclophen and kojic amine were inactive on the heart. However, 3-aminopropyl-phosphonous acid (CGA147 823), a potent and highly selective GABAb agonist, was the most active of the compounds tested. It inhibited the heart beat with a threshold of about SnmolP1, an EC50 of 4.0±2.7×10−7 mol1−1, and produced total inhibition of the heart at 10−5moll−1. CGA 147 823 was inactive on the locust thoracic somal GABA receptors. 5. cis-4-aminocrotonic acid (CACA), the ligand defining a proposed GAB Actype receptor, was inactive on the heart. 6. The GABA-induced inhibition of the heart beat was enhanced by pretreatment with the GABA uptake inhibitor nipecotic acid but not with sodium valproate or ß-alanine. 7. The Limulus heart chronotropic GABA receptor appears to be of a hitherto undescribed type that differs in pharmacology from the vertebrate GABAA and GABAB receptors as well as from the well-defined GABA receptors on the somata of locust neurones and the muscle fibres of insects and the nematode Ascaris.
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Altamirano González Ortega , Marco Antonio, and Jaqueline Guzmán Hernández. "La Colección Zoológica Regional (Aves) del Instituto de Historia Natural de Chiapas, México." Huitzil Revista Mexicana de Ornitología 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.28947/hrmo.2009.10.1.81.
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La Colección Zoológica Regional (Aves) del Instituto de Historia Natural de Chiapas, México, alberga 7,173 ejemplares que pertenecen a 17 órdenes, 68 familias, 339 géneros y 575 especies. La mayoría de los especimenes son de Chiapas (72.4%), Oaxaca (15.4%) y Veracruz (10.8%). Las familias con mayor número de ejemplares pertenecen a las familias Parulidae (1,432), Tyrannidae (823), Trochilidae (709), Thraupidae (371) y Emberizidae (343). El 90% de los ejemplares están preservados en piel de estudio, el 8% en anatómicos y el 2% en esqueletos. La colección resguarda ejemplares de 126 especies en alguna categoría de riesgo por la normativa ambiental mexicana (10 en peligro de extinción, 41 amenazadas y 75 sujetas a protección especial). Las regiones fisiográficas de Chiapas con mayor representatividad de ejemplares depositados corresponden a la Sierra Madre de Chiapas, la Planicie Costera del Pacífico, las Montañas del Oriente y la región Montañas del Norte. No obstante su importancia regional, la producción científica derivada de su análisis ha sido escasa, por lo que es necesario promover su consulta por parte de investigadores y estudiantes interesados en la distribución geográfica, historia natural y ecología de la avifauna de la región sur-sureste de México.
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Ferreira, A. S., N. R. B. Raposo, E. M. S. Barbosa, and W. F. Gattaz. "Prevalence of cognitive impairment in Brazilian frailty elderly." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72274-x.
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IntroductionAccelerate aging is a worldwide problem. In underdeveloped countries, it is occurring without adequate planning and is attributed due to falling mortality and fertility, which contributed to increase life expectancy. However, aging was not accompanied by improvement in living conditions and health assistance. Poor sanitation and diet, low incomes and education levels contributed to increasing the prevalence of chronic diseases in elderly.ObjectivesData obtained in other countries could not represent the national population; objective was to describe a Brazilian frailty elderly sample.AimsDetermine cognitive impairment prevalence in Brazilian frailty elderly.Methods1952 frailty elderly were analyzed. Social data, tobacco and alcohol consumption were verified and mini-mental state examination was applied from February to August in 2010.ResultsFemale elderly was predominant (68.8%). They were almost married (47.5%), followed by widow (37%), single (8.1%), divorced (7.4%). White people were predominant (69.2%); black (14.6%) and brown (16.2%) were presented at the same proportion. 823 frailty elderly (64.9%) studied until 4 years; 7.7% studied between 4–8 years; 1.9% went to college and 25.6% were illiterate. Only 10.6% were smokers and 2.8% drank alcohol. The majority (79.4%) were younger than 80 years-old. Cognitive impairment prevalence were 17.2% in illiterate; 15.2% in elderly who studied until 4 years and lower, 5.3%, in the group who studied between 4–8 years.ConclusionsThe prevalence of cognitive impairment was dependent on years of study and we presented data obtained in a Brazilian sample. These data can be used to compare cognitive impairment in different countries.
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Gibała, Piotr, Anna Jarosz-Lesz, Zuzanna Sołtysiak-Gibała, Jakub Staniczek, and Rafał Stojko. "Multifactorial Colonization of the Pregnant Woman’s Reproductive Tract: Implications for Early Postnatal Adaptation in Full-Term Newborns." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 21 (October 30, 2023): 6852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12216852.
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This retrospective study aimed to investigate the impact of microorganisms identified in the reproductive tract on disorders during the early adaptation period in newborns. A cohort of 823 patients and cervical canal cultures were analyzed to identify the presence of microorganisms. Newborns included in the study were divided into two groups due to the number of pathogens identified in the swab from the cervical canal of the mother. The first group consisted of newborns whose mothers had one pathogen identified (N = 637), while the second group consisted of newborns whose mothers had two or more pathogens identified (N = 186). The analysis of disorders of the early adaptation period included the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome, the number of procedures performed with the use of CPAP, oxygen therapy, antibiotic therapy and parenteral nutrition. Respiratory distress syndrome was more common in group II than in group I (85 vs. 31, p = 0.001). In group II, CPAP (63 vs. 21, p = 0.001), oxygen therapy (15 vs. 8, p = 0.02) and antibiotics were used more frequently (13 vs. 8, p = 0.01). The findings of this study revealed that the number of pathogens colonizing the reproductive tract had a significant influence on the early adaptation period in newborns. Multifactorial colonization of the reproductive tract was associated with an increased incidence of infections in newborns and a higher prevalence of acid–base balance disorders. This study highlights the importance of monitoring and addressing the microbial composition of the reproductive tract during pregnancy.
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Malysh, E. V. "Mechanisms of Green Development of Urban Agricultural Production in a Large Industrial City." Economics and Management 26, no. 8 (September 27, 2020): 823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2020-8-823-829.
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A city’s potential for food self-sufficiency is expected to increase through the distribution of innovative, high-tech, green agricultural practices of producing food in an urban environment, which can improve the city’s food security due to increased food accessibility in terms of quantity and quality. Aim. Based on the systematization of theoretical approaches and analysis of institutional aspects, the study aims to propose ways to strengthen the city’s food security by improving food supply in urban areas, increasing the socio-economic and environmental sustainability of urban food systems, and changing the diet of urban residents.Tasks. The authors propose methods for the development of urban agricultural production in a large industrial city based on the principles of green economy and outline the range of strategic urban activities aimed at implementing green agricultural production technologies associated with the formation and development of the culture of modern urban agricultural production.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition to examine the specificity of objectives of strengthening a city’s food security by improving the quality of food supply to the population. Methods of comparison, systems analysis, systematization of information, and the monographic method are also applied.Results. A strategic project for the development of urban agricultural systems through the implementation and green development of advanced urban agricultural technologies is described. Green development mechanisms will create conditions for the city’s self-sufficiency in terms of organic and safe products, functioning of short supply chains, and green urban agriculture.Conclusions. Managing the growth of urban agriculture will promote the use of highly effective, easily controlled, resource-efficient, eco-friendly, weather- and season-independent, multi-format urban agricultural technologies. The study describes actions aimed at creating conditions for stabilizing a city’s high-quality food self-sufficiency with allowance for the growing differentiation of citizen needs.
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Batool, Samana, Thomson Joseph, Mushraf Hussain, Miza Vuai, Kavish Khinsar, Syed Din, Arshad Padhiar, et al. "LP1 from Lentinula edodes C91-3 Induces Autophagy, Apoptosis and Reduces Metastasis in Human Gastric Cancer Cell Line SGC-7901." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 10 (September 30, 2018): 2986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19102986.
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Present study aimed to elucidate the anticancer effect and the possible molecular mechanism underlying the action of Latcripin 1 (LP1), from the mushroom Lentinula edodes strain C91-3 against gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901 and BGC-823. Cell viability was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8); morphological changes were observed by phase contrast microscope; autophagy was determined by transmission electron microscope and fluorescence microscope. Apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed by flow cytometer; wound-healing, transwell migration and invasion assays were performed to investigate the effect of LP1 on gastric cancer cell’s migration and invasion. Herein, we found that LP1 resulted in the induction of autophagy by the formation of autophagosomes and conversion of light chain 3 (LC3I into LC3II. LP1 up-regulated the expression level of autophagy-related gene (Atg7, Atg5, Atg12, Atg14) and Beclin1; increased and decreased the expression level of pro-apoptotic (Bax) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) proteins respectively, along with the activation of Caspase-3. At lower-doses, LP1 have shown to arrest cells in the S phase of the cell cycle and decreased the expression level of matrix metalloproteinase MMP-2 and MMP-9. In addition, it has also been shown to regulate the phosphorylation of one of the most hampered gastric cancer pathway, that is, protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR) channel and resulted in cell death. These findings suggested LP1 as a potential natural anti-cancer agent, for exploring the gastric cancer therapies and as a contender for further in vitro and in vivo investigations.
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YU, WEI-YUAN, SEN-HUI LIU, XIN-YA LIU, JIA-LIN SHAO, and MIN-PEN LIU. "WETTING BEHAVIOR IN ULTRASONIC VIBRATION-ASSISTED BRAZING OF ALUMINUM TO GRAPHITE USING Sn-Ag-Ti ACTIVE SOLDER." Surface Review and Letters 22, no. 03 (May 13, 2015): 1550035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x15500353.
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In this study, Sn - Ag - Ti ternary alloy has been used as the active solder to braze pure aluminum and graphite in atmospheric conditions using ultrasonic vibration as an aid. The authors studied the formation, composition and decomposition temperature of the surface oxides of the active solder under atmospheric conditions. In addition, the wettability of Sn -5 Ag -8 Ti active solder on the surface of pure aluminum and graphite has also been studied. The results showed that the major components presented in the surface oxides formed on the Sn -5 Ag -8 Ti active solder under ambient conditions are TiO , TiO 2, Ti 2 O 3, Ti 3 O 5 and SnO 2. Apart from AgO and Ag 2 O 2, which can be decomposed at the brazing temperature (773 K), other oxides will not be decomposed. The oxide layer comprises composite oxides and it forms a compact layer with a certain thickness to enclose the melted solder, which will prevent the liquid solder from wetting the base metals at the brazing temperature. After ultrasonic vibration, the oxide layer was destroyed and the liquid solder was able to wet and spread out around the base materials. Furthermore, better wettability of the active solder was observed on the surface of graphite and pure aluminum at the brazing temperature of 773–823 K using ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic wave acts as the dominant driving factor which promotes the wetting and spreading of the liquid solder on the surface of graphite and aluminum to achieve a stable and reliable brazed joint.
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O’Donovan, Sinéad M., Deirdre M. Murray, Jonathan O’B Hourihane, Louise C. Kenny, Alan D. Irvine, and Mairead Kiely. "Adherence with early infant feeding and complementary feeding guidelines in the Cork BASELINE Birth Cohort Study." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 15 (February 18, 2015): 2864–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001500018x.
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AbstractObjectiveTo describe adherence with infant feeding and complementary feeding guidelines.DesignProspective study of infant feeding and complementary feeding practices were collected as part of the Cork BASELINE Birth Cohort Study.SettingCork, Ireland.SubjectsData are described for the 823 infants for whom a diary was completed.ResultsBreast-feeding was initiated in 81 % of infants, and 34 %, 14 % and 1 % of infants were exclusively breast-fed at hospital discharge, 2 and 6 months, respectively. Stage one infant formula decreased from 71 % at 2 months to 13 % at 12 months. The majority of infants (79 %) were introduced to solids between 17 and 26 weeks and 18 % were given solid foods before 17 weeks. Mothers of infants who commenced complementary feeding prior to 17 weeks were younger (29·8 v. 31·5 years; P<0·001) and more likely to smoke (18 v. 8 %; P=0·004). The first food was usually baby rice (69 %), infant breakfast cereals (14 %) or fruit/vegetables (14 %). Meals were generally home-made (49 %), cereal-based (35 %), manufactured (10 %), dairy (3 %) and dessert-based (3 %). The median gap between the first–second, second–third, third–fourth and fourth–fifth new foods was 4, 2, 2 and 2 d, respectively.ConclusionsWe present the largest prospective cohort study to date on early infant feeding in Ireland. The rate of breast-feeding is low by international norms. Most mothers introduce complementary foods between 4 and 6 months with lengthy gaps between each new food/food product. There is a high prevalence of exposure to infant breakfast cereals, which are composite foods, among the first foods introduced.
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Norris, Carol R., Dawn M. Boothe, Teri Esparza, Connie Gray, and Michelle Ragsdale. "Disposition of cyproheptadine in cats after intravenous or oral administration of a single dose." American Journal of Veterinary Research 59, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 79–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1998.59.01.79.
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SUMMARY Objective To determine disposition of cyproheptadine hydrochloride in cats after intravenous or oral administration of a single dose. Animals 6 healthy cats. Procedure A randomized crossover design was used, and each cat was studied after intravenous (2 mg) and oral (8 mg) administration of cyproheptadine. Blood samples were collected at fixed time intervals after drug administration, and serum cyproheptadine concentration was determined by means of polarized immunofluorescence. Results Mean (± SD) residence time was significantly longer after oral (823 ± 191 minutes) than after intravenous (339 ±217 minutes) administration, but no significant differences were detected between other pharmacokinetic parameters after oral and intravenous administration. Mean ± SD oral bioavailability was 1.01 ± 0.36. Mean elimination half-life after oral administration was 12.8 ± 9.9 hours. Peak extrapolated cyproheptadine concentration was 669 ± 206 ng/ml. Only 1 cat developed adverse effects (transient vocalization). Conclusions Cyproheptadine appeared to be well tolerated in cats and had high bioavailability after oral administration. The mean elimination half-life of 12 hours indicated that approximately 2.5 days must elapse to achieve steady-state concentrations of cyproheptadine after oral administration of multiple doses. A 12-hour dosing interval is acceptable, but an 8-hour interval may be indicated for some cats. Clinical Relevance On the basis of pharmacokinetic parameters determined in this study, the oral form of cyproheptadine appears to be suitable for use in clinical trials to treat anorexia in cats. Its half-life is compatible with once or twice daily dosing. (Am J Vet Res 1998;59:79–81)
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Gao, Shuo, Jiaxuan Lu, Pei Li, Dongsheng Yu, and Wei Zhao. "Prevalence and risk factors of children’s dental anxiety in China: a longitudinal study." BMJ Open 11, no. 4 (April 2021): e043647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043647.
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ObjectivesDental anxiety remains widespread among children, may continue into adulthood and affect their oral health-related quality of life and clinical management. The aim of the study was to explore the trend of children’s dental anxiety over time and potential risk factors.DesignLongitudinal study.MethodsChildren aged between 5 and 12 years were investigated with the Chinese version of face version of Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) and Frankl Behavior Rating scale from 2008 to 2017, and influential factors were explored.ResultsClinical data were available from 1061 children, including 533 (50.2%) male participants and 528 (49.8%) female participants. The total CFSS-DS scores ranged from 16 to 66, with a mean of 24.8±10.3. The prevalence of dental anxiety is 11.59%. No significant differences in total CFSS-DS scores between girls and boys were found. According to the Frankl scale, 238 children were allocated to the uncooperative group and the remaining 823 children were allocated to the cooperative group. Scores of CFSS-DS were negatively correlated with the clinical behaviour level of Frankl. Children aged 11–12 years old had significantly decreased scores compared with other age groups, and there was a decline in the scores of the group aged 8–10 years old over time. The factor analysis divided 15 items of CFSS-DS into four factors, and the total scores of ‘less invasive oral procedures’ items belonging to factor III decreased significantly over time in the group aged 8–10 years old.ConclusionsAge is a significant determinant for children’s dental anxiety, and dental anxiety outcomes have improved for Chinese children aged 8–10 years. This study is one of the few reports on changes of children’s dental anxiety in a new era of information, but the results may be extrapolated to other populations with caution.
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Sang, Hongfei, Fengli Li, Junjie Yuan, Shuai Liu, Weidong Luo, Changming Wen, Qiyi Zhu, et al. "Values of Baseline Posterior Circulation Acute Stroke Prognosis Early Computed Tomography Score for Treatment Decision of Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion." Stroke 52, no. 3 (March 2021): 811–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.120.031371.
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Background and Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the impact of baseline posterior circulation Acute Stroke Prognosis Early Computed Tomography Score (pc-ASPECTS) on the efficacy and safety of endovascular therapy (EVT) for patients with acute basilar artery occlusion. Methods: The BASILAR was a nationwide prospective registry of consecutive patients with a symptomatic and radiologically confirmed acute basilar artery occlusion within 24 hours of symptom onset. We estimated the effect of standard medical therapy alone (SMT group) versus SMT plus EVT (EVT group) for patients with documented pc-ASPECTS on noncontrast CT, both as a categorical (0–4 versus 5–7 versus 8–10) and as a continuous variable. The primary outcomes included favorable functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale ≤3) at 90 days and mortality within 90 days. Results: In total, 823 cases were included: 468 with pc-ASPECTS 8 to 10 (SMT: 71; EVT: 397), 317 with pc-ASPECTS 5 to 7 (SMT: 85; EVT: 232), and 38 with pc-ASPECTS 0 to 4 (SMT: 13; EVT: 25). EVT was associated with higher rate of favorable outcomes (adjusted relative risk with 95% CI, 4.35 [1.30–14.48] and 3.20 [1.68–6.09]; respectively) and lower mortality (60.8% versus 77.6%, P =0.005 and 35.0% versus 66.2%, P< 0.001; respectively) than SMT in the pc-ASPECTS 5 to 7 and 8 to 10 subgroups. Continuous benefit curves also showed the superior efficacy and safety of EVT over SMT in patients with pc-ASPECTS ≥5. Furthermore, the prognostic effect of onset to puncture time on favorable outcome with EVT was not significant after adjustment for pc-ASPECTS (adjusted odds ratio, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.94–1.02]). Conclusions: Patients of basilar artery occlusion with pc-ASPECTS ≥5 could benefit from EVT. The baseline pc-ASPECTS appears more important for decision making and predicting prognosis than time to EVT. Registration: URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn . Unique identifier: ChiCTR1800014759.
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Wang, Weimin, Yan Zhou, Qiang Yao, Weihua Liu, Liangliang Xiang, Tengyang Ni, Xiaojun Dai, and Yanqing Liu. "Celastrus Orbiculatus Extract Potentiates the Sensitivity of Cisplatin Via Caspase-Depenent Apoptosis in Gastric Cancer." Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 18, no. 15 (February 28, 2019): 2206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520618666180911110124.
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Background: Cisplatin-based treatment often leads to therapeutic failure because the acquisition of cisplatin resistance. The combination of cisplatin with other agents has been recognized as a promising strategy to overcome cisplatin resistance. Objective: Celastrus orbiculatus is a traditional Chinese medicine from Celastraceae family with multiple pharmacological activities. We previously found that the ethyl acetate extract of Celastrus orbiculatus (COE) exhibited significant antitumor activity in gastric cancer. Here, we asked whether COE could increase the sensitivity of cisplatin. Methods: We use CCK8 assay to show synergistic cytotoxicity of COE and cisplatin. Then, PI single staining and FITC-Annexin V/PI double staining were used to observe apoptotic cells through flow cytometry. The proteins of caspase signaling pathway were examined by Western blotting. Results: COE and cisplatin showed synergistic cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner in BGC 823 and SGC 7901 gastric cancer cells, and COE could increase the number of apoptotic cells upon cisplatin treatment in vitro. Moreover, our results indicated that COE could enhance cisplatin–induced activation of caspase-8 or caspase- 9/caspase-3/PARP1 signaling pathways. The xenograft study further confirmed that COE increased the sensitivity of cisplatin in vivo. Conclusion: Our findings provided new evidence that COE could increase the sensitivity of cisplatin on the antitumor effect.