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1
Ibraheem, Muzher M., Abdulhaleem A. Mohammad, and Ayser T. Jarullah. "Effect of Operating Conditions on Sulfur and Metal Content of Basrah Crude Oil." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2009): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.16.2.04.
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In the present work, Basrah crude oil, atmospheric distillate of 305-623 K boiling range, vacuum distillate of 623-823 K boiling range, and wide petroleum distillate of boiling range 305-823 K are hydrotreated in trickle bed reactor using Cobalt- Molybdenum alumina as a catalyst. Hydrotreating temperatures are 598-648K, 598- 673K, 648-673K and 648K respectively while LHSV are 0.7-2 hr-1, 1 hr-1, 0.7-2 hr-1 respectively. The operating pressure and H2/Oil ratio for all experiments are kept constant at 3 Mpa and 300 liter/liter. The results show that Sulphur and metal content decreased with increasing temperature and decreasing LHSV. Vacuum residue of boiling range above 823K is mixed with hydrotreated atmospheric distillate, vacuum distillate and with the hydrotreated wide petroleum distillate. The temperature for hydrotreating the mixed sample is 648K and LHSV is 1 hr-1. It was found that hydrotreating crude oil is the best choice since it gives the highest removal of sulphur, vanadium and cobalt removal..
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عبدالكريم محمد, عبدالحليم, مزهر مهدي ابراهيم, and ايسر طالب جارالله. "تاثير الظروف التشغيلية خلال المعاملة الهيدروجينية لنفط خام البصرة على محتوى الكبريتوالمعادن ونسب فصلهم." Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 8, no. 1 (March 30, 2007): 14–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2007.1.10.
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تم معاملة نفط خام البصرة كاملا بالهيدروجين وكذلك المقطر الجوي المشق من نفط خام البصرة الذي مدى غليانه من بداية درجة الغليان الى 623 كلفن والمقر الفراغي المشتق من نفط خام البصرة ايضا والذي مدى غليانه من 623 الى 823 كلفن وكذلك المقطر النفطي الواسع المشتق من نفط خام البصرة ايضا والذي مدى غليانه من بداية درجة الغليان الى 823 كلفن في مفاعل ثلاثي الاطوار باستخدام الكوبلت مولبيدنيوم المحمول على الالومينا كعامل مساعد. كانت حدود درجات حرارة التفاعل للنفط الخام 598 الى 648 كلفن وحدود سرع السائل الفراغية 0.7 الى 2 ساعة -1 وكانت حدود درجات حرارة التفاعل للمقطر الجوي 598 الى 673 كلفن وللمقطر الفراغي 648 الى 673 كلفن وللمقطر النفطي الواسع 648 كلفن , اما حدود سرع السائل الفراغية فكانت للمقر الجوي 1 ساعة -1 وللمقطر الفراغي 0.7 الى 2 ساعة -1 , علما ان جميع هذه التفاعلات كانت تحت ضغط هيدروجيني ثابت 3 ميكاباسكال وباستعمال نسبة هيدروجين الى المغذي 300 لتر/لتر. من النتائج تبين ان محتوى الكبريت والفناديوم والنيكل في نواتج عملية المعاملة بالهيدروجين يقل بارتفاع درجة الحرارة وانخفاض سرعة السائل الفراغية.
تم مزج المخلف الفراغي (vacuum residue) المشتق من نفط خام البصرة الذي مدى غليانه اعلى من 823 كلفن مع المقطر الجوي المعامل بالهيدروجين والمقطر الفراغي المعامل بالهيدروجين ومع المقطر النفطي الواسع المعامل بالهيدروجين ايضا بنفس نسب وجودها في النفط الخام الاصلي, علما بان ظروف عملية المعاملة بالهيدروجين لجميع المقاطع التي خلطت مع المتبقي الفراغي هي درجة الحرارة 648 كلفن وسرهة سائل فراغية 1 ساعة -1 بهدف الحصول على نفط خام مهدرج باكثر من طريقة , وبتحليل النتائج وجد ان معاملة النفط الخام بالهيدروجين كاملا للنفط الخام الكامل في افضل طريقة, حيث تم الحصول من خلالها على اقل محتوى من الكبريت والفاديوم والنيكل.
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Nishanov, F., B. Abdullajonov, M. Nishanov, J. Rustamov, B. Ibragimov, and E. Mishenina. "SURGICAL APPROACH IN CONCOMITANT COMPLICATIONS OF DUODENAL ULCER." Inter Collegas 5, no. 4 (December 27, 2018): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35339/ic.5.4.165-170.
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SURGICAL APPROACH IN CONCOMITANT COMPLICATIONS OF DUODENAL ULCERNishanov F., Abdullajonov B., Nishanov M., Rustamov J., Ibragimov B., Mishenina E.Authors analyzed results of surgical treatment in 307 patients with concomitant complications of duodenal ulcer. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the chosen diagnostic and therapeutic approach. The first group comprised 168 (54.7%) patients who underwent “traditional” gastric resection while the second group included 139 (45.3%) patients who underwent modifying variants of gastric resection.It was established that improvement of definite operation types and employment of optimal treatment methods can result in a decrease in frequency of early postoperative specific complication by 8.3% (from 15.5 to 7.2%, р<0.01), frequency of re-laparotomy by 4.3 (from 6.5 to 2.2%) and mortality by 2.2% (from 2.9 to 0.7%, р<0.05), and this gives a possibility to improve the results of surgical treatment of concomitant complications of duodenal ulcers in whole.Key words: duodenal ulcer, gastric resection, re-laparotomy, modification variants. РезюмеХІРУРГІЧНА ТАКТИКА ПРИ ПОЄДНАНИХ УСКЛАДНЕННЯХ ВИРАЗКОВОЇ ХВОРОБИ ДВАНАДЦЯТИПАЛОЇ КИШКИНішанов Ф., Абдуллажанов Б., Нішанов М.Ф, Рустамов Ж., Ібрагімов Б., Мішеніна К.Автори аналізують результатів хірургічного лікування 307 пацієнтів з поєднаними ускладненнями ВХДПК.Хворих в залежності від застосованої діагностичної та хірургічної тактики умовно поділили на 2 групи. Першу контрольну групу склали 168 (54,7%) пацієнтів,яким були виконані «традиційні» варіанти резекції шлунка, другу основну групу склали 139 (45,3%) пацієнтів,яким були виконані модифіковані варіанти резекції шлунка.Встановлено,щоудосконалення окремих технічніхприйомів операції та застосування оптимальних способів лікування ускладнень,дозволяють знизити частоту ранніх післяопераційних специфічних ускладнень на 8,3% (з 15,5 до 7,2%,р <0,01), частоту релапаротомій на 4,3 (з 6,5 до 2,2%) і летальних випадків на 2,2% (з 2,9 до 0,7%, р <0,05), тим самимсприяючи поліпшенню результатів хірургічного лікування поєднаних ускладнень дуоденальних виразок в цілому.Ключові слова: язвена хвороба дванадцятипалої кишки, резекція шлунку, релапаратомія, модифіковані варіанти. РезюмеХИРУРГИЧЕСКАЯ ТАКТИКА ПРИ СОЧЕТАННЫХ ОСЛОЖНЕНИЯХ ЯЗВ ДВЕНАДЦАТИПЕРСТНОЙ КИШКИНишанов Ф., Абдуллажанов Б., Нишанов М., Рустамов Ж., Ибрагимов Б., Мишенина Е.Авторы анализируют результатов хирургического лечения 307 пациентов с сочетанными осложнениями ЯБДПК. Больных в зависимости от примененной диагностической и хирургической тактики условно разделили на 2 группы. Первую контрольную группу составили 168 (54,7%) пациентов, которым были выполнены традиционные варианты резекции желудка, вторую основную группу составили 139 (45,3%) пациентов которые были выполнены модифицированные варианты резекции желудка.Установлено, что усовершенствованные отдельные технические приемы операции и применение оптимальных способов лечения возникших осложнений позволяют снизить частоту ранних послеоперационных специфичных осложнений на 8,3% (с 15,5 до 7,2% р<0,01), частоту релапаротомии на 4,3 (с 6,5 до 2,2%) и летальных исходов – на 2,2% (с 2,9 до 0,7%, р<0,05), тем самым способствуя улучшению результатов хирургического лечения сочетанных осложнений дуоденальных язв в целом.Ключевые слова:язвенная болезнь желудка, резекция желудка, релапаратомия, модифицированные варианты.
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Davies, Peter R., Peter B. Bahnson, Julie J. Grass, William E. Marsh, and Gary D. Dial. "Agreement among veterinarians evaluating gross lesions of lungs, livers, and nasal turbinates of pigs." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 209, no. 4 (August 15, 1996): 823–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1996.209.04.823.
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Objective To evaluate agreement between trained veterinarians and a reference inspector when recording gross lesions of lungs, livers, and nasal turbinates of pigs. Design Prospective study. Sample Population 10 veterinarians in workshop 1 and 11 veterinarians in workshop 2. Procedure Analysis of data obtained from 2 workshops in which veterinarians evaluated fresh tissues (30 lungs and 30 livers) and 100 slides of nasal turbinates previously evaluated by the reference inspector. Veterinarians independently recorded observations of gross lesions. Agreement was evaluated by percentage agreement, kappa or weighted kappa, and sensitivity and specificity, where relevant. Results Agreement between veterinarians and the reference inspector was excellent for detecting consolidation of lung lobes typical of enzootic pneumonia (κ = 0.81 and 0.87 for workshops 1 and 2, respectively) and white spots on livers (κ = 0.76 and 0.78). Estimates of the extent of consolidation as a proportion of lung volume also agreed closely with reference values. Agreement was closer for veterinarians who had undergone repeated training and evaluation. Agreement was good for detecting nasal turbinate atrophy (weighted κ = 0.63 and 0.68) and was poorest for detecting lesions of pleuritis (κ = 0.39 and 0.44). Clinical Implications For most of the lesions evaluated, acceptable levels of agreement with reference scores were achieved after training of veterinarians to use standardized methods to record gross lesions. Standardization of veterinarians’ recordings of gross lesions should improve the reliability and usefulness of data collected by inspection of slaughtered pigs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;209:823–826)
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Karpova, N. V., L. N. Petrova, and G. M. Shved. "Statistical study of seismic and ground pressure oscillations with steady frequencies in the 0.7–5 h period range." Annales Geophysicae 20, no. 6 (June 30, 2002): 823–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-20-823-2002.
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Abstract. Product spectra of ground pressure variation and seismic oscillations have been calculated in the period sub-ranges of 42–90 min and 2.5–5 h, based on synchronous, co-located microbarograph and seismograph measurements at St. Petersburg (60° N, 30° E). The 200 records of 2–3.5 days in length and a combined duration of 525 days have been used. The product spectra have been computed for winter, spring, summer, and autumn, both individually and in combination. The spectra of different seasons are distinct from each other for both microbarograph and seismograph measurements; this can be caused by a seasonal variation in both frequency and amplitude of free oscillations of the atmosphere. There are pressure and seismic oscillations with close frequencies in the spectra for both, for each season and when all seasons are combined. At present, suggestions may only be made regarding the origin of most of these common oscillations. Once again, the penetration of the Earth’s free oscillation 0S2 with a period of about 54 min into the atmosphere has been confirmed. A common pressure and seismic oscillation with the 206 min period has been detected and has attracted considerable interest. The 159-min periodicity revealed in pressure variations may be associated with the well-known solar oscillation of the 160.01 min period.Key words. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (middle atmosphere dynamics; waves and tides)
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Chen, Chian-Chou, Zhen-Kai Gao, Qi-Ning Hsu, Cheng-Lin Liao, Yu-Han Ling, Ching-Min Lo, Ian Smail, Wei-Hao Wang, and Yu-Jan Wang. "JWST Sneaks a Peek at the Stellar Morphology of z ∼ 2 Submillimeter Galaxies: Bulge Formation at Cosmic Noon." Astrophysical Journal Letters 939, no. 1 (October 27, 2022): L7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac98c6.
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Abstract We report morphological analyses of seven submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z ∼ 2 using the James Webb Space Telescope NIRCam images taken as part of the public CEERS and PRIMER surveys. Through two-dimensional surface brightness profile fitting we find evidence of compact reddened stellar structures in all the SMGs, in particular in the F444W filter, suggesting an ubiquitous presence of stellar bulges. The median size of these bulges at F444W with a bootstrapped uncertainty is found to be 0.7 ± 1.0 kpc (0.6–0.7–3.9 kpc for 14th–50th–86th percentiles) and the median Sérsic index is 0.7 ± 0.9 (0.4–0.7–2.8 for 14th–50th–86th percentiles). Structures akin to spiral arms and bars are also identified, and their asymmetric shapes, tidal features, as well as evidence of nearby galaxies at consistent redshifts as those of corresponding SMGs suggest that these SMGs are undergoing dynamical interactions, likely responsible for the triggering of their star-forming activity. Via a curve-of-growth analysis we deduce half-light radii for the NIRCam wave bands, finding that sizes are significantly smaller at longer wavelengths in all cases, in particular that the median size ratio between F444W and F150W is 0.6 ± 0.1. However, we also find that F444W sizes, roughly corresponding to rest-frame H band, are not smaller than those of submillimeter continuum as measured by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, contradicting certain recent predictions from theoretical models. Our results suggest that while stellar bulges are undergoing an active formation phase in SMGs at z ∼ 2, the total stellar masses of SMGs are still dominated by their disks, not bulges.
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Mohammed, Abdel-Halim A., and Aysar T. Jarullah. "Hydrotreating of the Cut Which Has Boiling Range From Initial Boiling Point To 823K." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 13, no. 1 (March 31, 2006): 39–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.13.1.08.
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The wide petroleum distillate, which has the boiling range from initial boiling point to 823 k, were hydroteated in trickle – bed reactor using cobalt – molybdenum alumina as a Catalyst. The reaction range temperatures was 598 – 673 k, while LHSV was 0.7 – 2 hr-1. The pressure and H2/Oil for all experiments keep constant at 3Mpa and 300 L/L respectively. The result shows that the sulphur and metals content decreased with the increasing of temperature and decreasing in LHSV. Desulphurization kinetic was studied and found that the kinetic of sulphur removal is of first – order. Activation energy was calculated and this value is 28.225 KJ / mole.
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Bozhilov, Vladimir, Desislava Antonova, Melissa J. Hobson, Rafael Brahm, Andrés Jordán, Thomas Henning, Jan Eberhardt, et al. "A 2:1 Mean-motion Resonance Super-Jovian Pair Revealed by TESS, FEROS, and HARPS*." Astrophysical Journal Letters 946, no. 2 (March 29, 2023): L36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acbd4f.
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Abstract We report the discovery of a super-Jovian 2:1 mean-motion resonance (MMR) pair around the G-type star TIC 279401253, whose dynamical architecture is a prospective benchmark for planet formation and orbital evolution analysis. The system was discovered thanks to a single-transit event recorded by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission, which pointed to a Jupiter-sized companion with poorly constrained orbital parameters. We began ground-based precise radial velocity (RV) monitoring with HARPS and FEROS within the Warm gIaNts with tEss survey to constrain the transiting body’s period, mass, and eccentricity. The RV measurements revealed not one but two massive planets with periods of 76.80 − 0.06 + 0.06 and 155.3 − 0.7 + 0.7 days, respectively. A combined analysis of transit and RV data yields an inner transiting planet with a mass of 6.14 − 0.42 + 0.39 M Jup and a radius of 1.00 − 0.04 + 0.04 R Jup, and an outer planet with a minimum mass of 8.02 − 0.18 + 0.18 M Jup, indicating a massive giant pair. A detailed dynamical analysis of the system reveals that the planets are locked in a strong first-order, eccentricity-type 2:1 MMR, which makes TIC 279401253 one of the rare examples of truly resonant architectures supporting disk-induced planet migration. The bright host star, V ≈ 11.9 mag, the relatively short orbital period (P b = 76.80 − 0.06 + 0.06 days), and pronounced eccentricity (e = 0.448 − 0.029 + 0.028 ) make the transiting planet a valuable target for atmospheric investigation with the James Webb Space Telescope and ground-based extremely large telescopes.
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Rykov, M. Yu. "Organization of medical care for children with cancer in the central federal district." Siberian journal of oncology 18, no. 2 (April 26, 2019): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21294/1814-4861-2019-18-2-5-14.
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Background. Planning the organization of medical care for children diagnosed with cancer as well as assessing the quality of care is based on the statistical data analysis.The purpose of the study was to analyze the main parameters characterizing medical care for children with cancer in the central Federal district.Material and methods. The reports of the executive authorities in the sphere of health protection of 18 subjects of the Russian Federation included into the central Federal district were analyzed for 2017.Results. The number of children aged 0–17 years was 6 824 049, the number of pediatric oncology departments was 9, the number of hospital beds for children with cancer was 464, the number of bed-days per year was 319.3. the number of physicians providing pediatric cancer care was 91, of them 64 (70.3 %) had a certificate of a pediatric oncologist. in 11 subjects of the Russian Federation, there were no departments of pediatric oncology, and in 1of them, there were no hospital beds for children with cancer. the number of patients newly diagnosed with cancer was 821. the number of patients who died of cancer was 156, of them 66 were diagnosed with cancer in 2017. the cancer incidence rate was 12 per 100,000 children aged 017 years; the mortality rate was 2.3 per 100,000 children aged 017 years. the one-year mortality rate was 8 %. the mean time taken to establish the diagnosis and the time interval between diagnosis and initiation of treatment was unknown, since the reports did not contain precise information. twelve (1.5 %) patients left the territory of the Russian Federation for receiving treatment outside the Russian Federation.Conclusion. The information provided in most reports was not statistically reliable. the cancer incidence rates were significantly lower than those in countries with high statistical reliability. For reliable estimation of the number of inpatient beds for children with cancer and the percentage of children referred for the treatment to the federal medical centers, it is necessary to implement a unified database for pediatric oncology in the Russian Federation.
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Rivilla, Víctor M., Miguel Sanz-Novo, Izaskun Jiménez-Serra, Jesús Martín-Pintado, Laura Colzi, Shaoshan Zeng, Andrés Megías, et al. "First Glycine Isomer Detected in the Interstellar Medium: Glycolamide (NH2C(O)CH2OH)." Astrophysical Journal Letters 953, no. 2 (August 1, 2023): L20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ace977.
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Abstract We report the first detection in the interstellar medium (ISM) of a C2H5O2N isomer: syn-glycolamide (NH2C(O)CH2OH). The exquisite sensitivity at sub-mK levels of an ultradeep spectral survey carried out with the Yebes 40 m and IRAM 30 m telescopes toward the G+0.693–0.027 molecular cloud has allowed us to unambiguously identify multiple transitions of this species. We derived a column density of (7.4 ± 0.7) × 1012 cm−2, which implies a molecular abundance with respect to H2 of 5.5 × 10−11. The other C2H5O2N isomers, including the higher-energy anti conformer of glycolamide and two conformers of glycine, were not detected. The upper limit derived for the abundance of glycine indicates that this amino acid is surely less abundant than its isomer glycolamide in the ISM. The abundances of the C2H5O2N isomers cannot be explained in terms of thermodynamic equilibrium; thus, chemical kinetics need to be invoked. While the low abundance of glycine might not be surprising, based on the relative low abundances of acids in the ISM compared to other compounds (e.g., alcohols, aldehydes, or amines), several chemical pathways can favor the formation of its isomer glycolamide. It can be formed through radical–radical reactions on the surface of dust grains. The abundances of these radicals can be significantly boosted in an environment affected by a strong ultraviolet field induced by cosmic rays, such as that expected in G+0.693–0.027. Therefore, as shown by several recent molecular detections toward this molecular cloud, it stands out as the best target to discover new species with carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen with increasing chemical complexity.
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Andriolo, Jerônimo Luiz, Dilson Antônio Bisognin, Adalberto Luiz de Paula, Fabiana Luiza Matielo de Paula, Rodrigo dos Santos Godoi, and Gisele Teixeira Barros. "Curva crítica de diluição de nitrogênio da cultivar Asterix de batata." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 41, no. 7 (July 2006): 1179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2006000700015.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi ajustar a curva crítica de diluição do nitrogênio (N) da batata 'Asterix' e avaliar o seu emprego no manejo da adubação nitrogenada. Tubérculos dessa cultivar foram plantados em sacolas de polietileno com 5 dm³ de substrato orgânico, na densidade de 4,4 sacolas m-2. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco soluções nutritivas, com concentrações de N de 5, 8,3, 11,3, 14,3 e 16,3 mmol L-1. Os demais nutrientes foram fornecidos nas concentrações: 8,3 de K+, 1,75 de Ca2+, 1,2 de H2PO4-, 0,7 de Mg2+ e 0,7 mmol L-1 de SO4(2-), complementados por micronutrientes. Em intervalos de sete dias, entre os 43 e 99 dias após o plantio, foram determinados: a massa de matéria seca (MS) e o teor de N nas folhas, hastes e tubérculos. Foi ajustada a curva crítica de diluição [N (g kg-1) = 36MS-0.37] para a produção total de MS da planta. Essa curva pode ser usada, como referencial, na interpretação dos resultados de análise foliar e na estimativa das quantidades de N extraídas pelas plantas da batata 'Asterix', no decorrer do ciclo de crescimento e desenvolvimento.
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Guo, Yicheng, David C. Koo, Yu Lu, John C. Forbes, Marc Rafelski, Jonathan R. Trump, Ricardo Amorín, et al. "STELLAR MASS–GAS-PHASE METALLICITY RELATION AT 0.5 ≤z≤ 0.7: A POWER LAW WITH INCREASING SCATTER TOWARD THE LOW-MASS REGIME." Astrophysical Journal 822, no. 2 (May 11, 2016): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/0004-637x/822/2/103.
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Thelen, Alexander E., Katherine de Kleer, Martin A. Cordiner, Imke de Pater, Arielle Moullet, and Statia Luszcz-Cook. "Io’s SO2 and NaCl Wind Fields from ALMA." Astrophysical Journal Letters 978, no. 1 (December 20, 2024): L1. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad9bb5.
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Abstract We present spatially resolved measurements of SO2 and NaCl winds on Io at several unique points in its orbit: before and after eclipse and at maximum eastern and western elongation. The derived wind fields represent a unique case of meteorology in a rarified, volcanic atmosphere. Through the use of Doppler shift measurements in emission spectra obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array between ~346 and 430 GHz (~0.70–0.87 mm), line-of-sight winds up to ~−100 m s−1 in the approaching direction and >250 m s−1 in the receding direction were derived for SO2 at altitudes of ~10–50 km, while NaCl winds consistently reached ~∣150–200∣ m s−1 in localized regions up to ~30 km above the surface. The wind distributions measured at maximum east and west Jovian elongations and on the sub-Jovian hemisphere pre- and posteclipse were found to be significantly different and complex, corroborating the results of simulations that include surface temperature and frost distribution, volcanic activity, and interactions with the Jovian magnetosphere. Further, the wind speeds of SO2 and NaCl are often inconsistent in direction and magnitude, indicating that the processes that drive the winds for the two molecular species are different and potentially uncoupled; while the SO2 wind field can be explained through a combination of sublimation-driven winds, plasma torus interactions, and plume activity, the NaCl winds appear to be primarily driven by the plasma torus.
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Гаджиева, И. Е. "Comparative Assessment of Morbidity Rate and Risk Factors of Children’s Cerebral Palsy in Various Types of Settlements in Absheron Region of the Azerbaijan Republic." Педиатрия. Восточная Европа 12, no. 1 (March 21, 2024): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2024.12.1.004.
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Цель. Выявить особенности уровня заболеваемости и факторов риска ДЦП в зависимости от типа поселения (мегаполис, крупный город, сельский административный район со средним городом). Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено в городе Баку (мегаполис с населением более 2 млн), в городе Сумгаите (крупный город с населением до 500 000) и в Апшеронском административном сельском районе (центр района – город Хырдалан с населением более 100 000), которые составляют единый экологический регион в Апшероне на территории Азербайджанской Республики. Собрана информация о подтвержденном диагнозе ДЦП в течение 0–4 лет жизни у детей, рожденных с января 2006 по декабрь 2015 г. Результаты. За 2006–2015 гг. наименьший уровень заболеваемости отмечен в городе Сумгаите (2,5‰; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 2,1–3,0‰), а наибольший уровень – в Апшеронском районе (7,3‰; 95% ДИ 6,2–8,3‰). Различия уровня заболеваемости в этих 2 административных образованиях статистически значимы (р<0,01). Город Баку по величине уровня заболеваемости занимает промежуточное место (3,1‰; 95% ДИ 2,9–3,3‰). Причем в городах Баку и Сумгаите уровень заболеваемости существенно не отличается (р>0,05) и более чем в 2 раза меньше, чем таковой в Апшеронском районе (р<0,01). Выводы. В городах Баку и Сумгаите уровень заболеваемости детей в динамике существенно не изменяется и значимо не отличается (95% ДИ соответственно 2,7–3,3 и 2,1–3,0‰), а в близком к ним сельском административном районе заболеваемость в динамике нестабильная (4,3–13,9‰) и существенно выше, чем в этих городах (95% ДИ 6,2–8,3‰). На риск развития ДЦП существенное влияние оказывают: масса тела при рождении <2500 г (относительный риск ≥5,0±0,5), гестационный возраст меньше 36 недель (относительный риск ≥10,5±0,7), отягощенный генетический и акушерский анамнез матери, акушерская и перинатальная патология (относительный риск ≤5,3±0,2). Сравнительно высокий уровень заболеваемости детей ДЦП в сельском районе в основном обусловлен 2 факторами (масса тела при рождении и гестационный возраст), что требует повышения эффективности гинекологической службы в сельской местности, которая позволила бы снизить процент преждевременных родов. Purpose. To identify the features of the morbidity rate and risk factors of CP depending on settlement type (metropolis, large city, and rural administrative region with a medium- sized town). Materials and methods. The study was conducted in Baku city (a metropolis with a population of more than 2 million), in Sumgayit city (a large city with a population of up to 500,000), in the Absheron administrative rural district (the center of the district is Khirdalan city with a population of over 100,000), which constitute a single ecological region in the Absheron region of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Data were collected on CP confirmed within the first 0–4 years of life in children born between January 2006 and December 2015. Results. In 2006–2015, the lowest morbidity rate was noted in Sumgayit (2.5‰; 95% confidence interval 2.1–3.0‰), and the highest one was in the Absheron region (7.3‰; 95% confidence interval 6.2–8.3‰). Difference between morbidity rates in these two administrative units is statistically significant (р<0,01). Baku city occupies the intermediate place in terms of morbidity rate (3.1‰; 95% confidence interval 2.9–3.3‰). The morbidity rate does not differ significantly in Baku and Sumgayit cities (р>0.05), and it is more than 2 times lower than that in the Absheron region (p<0.01). Conclusions. In Baku and Sumgait cities, children’s morbidity rate has not changed significantly over time and does not differ significantly (95% confidence interval, respectively 2.7–3.3‰ and 2.1–3.0‰), while in the rural administrative district close to them, the morbidity rate is unstable over time (4.3–13.9‰) and significantly higher than in these cities (95% confidence interval 6.2–8.3‰). The CP morbidity rate is significantly affected by the following: birth weight <2500 grams (relative risk ≥5.0±0.5), gestational age less than 36 weeks (relative risk ≥10.5±0.7), burdened genetic and obstetric history of the mother, obstetric and perinatal pathology (relative risk ≤5.3±0.2). A comparatively higher morbidity rate of CP among children in rural district is mainly due to two factors (body weight at birth and gestational age), and thus requires improving the efficiency of gynecological services in rural areas, that would reduce the percentage of premature births.
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Yang, Yong, Jing-Kun Zhao, Xian-Hao Ye, Gang Zhao, and Ke-Feng Tan. "A Dwarf Galaxy Debris Stream Associated with Palomar 1 and the Anticenter Stream." Astrophysical Journal Letters 945, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): L5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acbb5c.
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Abstract We report the discovery of a new stream (dubbed as Yangtze) detected in Gaia Data Release 3. The stream is at a heliocentric distance of ∼9.12 kpc and spans nearly 27° by 1.°9 on the sky. The color–magnitude diagram of Yangtze indicates a stellar population of age ∼11 Gyr and [M/H] ∼ −0.7 dex. It has a number density of about 5.5 stars deg−2 along with a surface brightness of Σ G ≃ 34.9 mag arcsec−2. The dynamics and metallicity estimate suggest that Yangtze may be closely related to Palomar 1 and the Anticenter Stream.
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Tefferi, A., H. K. Al-Ali, G. Barosi, T. Devos, H. Gisslinger, Q. Jiang, J.-J. Kiladjian, et al. "A randomized study of pomalidomide vs placebo in persons with myeloproliferative neoplasm-associated myelofibrosis and RBC-transfusion dependence." Leukemia 31, no. 4 (October 24, 2016): 896–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/leu.2016.300.
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Abstract RBC-transfusion dependence is common in persons with myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN)-associated myelofibrosis. The objective of this study was to determine the rates of RBC-transfusion independence after therapy with pomalidomide vs placebo in persons with MPN-associated myelofibrosis and RBC-transfusion dependence. Two hundred and fifty-two subjects (intent-to-treat (ITT) population) including 229 subjects confirmed by central review (modified ITT population) were randomly assigned (2:1) to pomalidomide or placebo. Trialists and subjects were blinded to treatment allocation. Primary end point was proportion of subjects achieving RBC-transfusion independence within 6 months. One hundred and fifty-two subjects received pomalidomide and 77 placebo. Response rates were 16% (95% confidence interval (CI), 11, 23%) vs 16% (8, 26%; P=0.87). Response in the pomalidomide cohort was associated with ⩽4 U RBC/28 days (odds ratio (OR)=3.1; 0.9, 11.1), age ⩽65 (OR=2.3; 0.9, 5.5) and type of MPN-associated myelofibrosis (OR=2.6; 0.7, 9.5). Responses in the placebo cohort were associated with ⩽4 U RBC/28 days (OR=8.6; 0.9, 82.3), white blood cell at randomization >25 × 109/l (OR=4.9; 0.8, 28.9) and interval from diagnosis to randomization >2 years (OR=4.9; 1.1, 21.9). Pomalidomide was associated with increased rates of oedema and neutropenia but these adverse effects were manageable. Pomalidomide and placebo had similar RBC-transfusion-independence response rates in persons with MPN-associated RBC-transfusion dependence.
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Fowless, AD, GA Lawrance, DR Stranks, TR Sullivan, and N. Vanderhoek. "The Effect of Pressure on the Anation of Diaquabis(ethane-1,2-diamine)cobalt(III) by Selenate and Sulfate, and on the Isomerization of the trans-Aquabis(ethane-1,2-diamine)(hydrogenselenito)cobalt(III) Ion." Australian Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 9 (1988): 1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9881263.
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The reversible nucleophilic substitution of cis-[Co(en)2(OH2)2]3+ (en = ethane-1,2-diamine) by sulfate and selenate at pH 2.0 was studied at elevated pressure, and activation volumes (ΔV‡) for anation and solvolysis were determined. The ΔV‡ values for anation by sulfate and selenate were +8.3�0.5 and +8.5�0.4 cm3 mol-1 respectively, whereas solvolysis of sulfato and selenato complexes cis -[Co(en)2(OH2)(XO4)]+ gave ΔV‡ values of -2.2�0.4 and -3.3�0.7 cm3 mol-1 respectively. The trans → cis [Co(en)2(OH2)(OSeO2H)]2+ isomerization studied at pH 1.0 and elevated pressure yielded ΔV‡ + 7.2�0.4 cm3 mol-1. All reactions can be interpreted in terms of dissociative mechanisms.
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Saud Sunny, S., N. Islam, and A. T. M. Asaduzzaman. "AB0546 DETERMINANTS OF VASCULITIS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PATIENTS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1400.2–1400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4274.
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BackgroundAmong the manifestations of SLE, vasculitic presentation is common. This study was aimed to identify the predictors of vasculitis in SLE patients.ObjectivesTo identify the determinants of vasculitis in SLE patients.MethodsThe study was conducted in the Department of Rheumatology, BSMMU, Dhaka from December 2019 to January 2021. A total 168 consecutive confirmed cases of SLE patients were enrolled. The patients were evaluated for the features of vasculitic rashes, digital gangrene, mesenteric vasculitis, mononeuritis multiplex. The cutaneous vasculitis was confirmed by a dermatologist. Study subjects were grouped into vasculitic and no vasculitic groups. The disease activity and damage were assessed using SLEDAI and SLICC/ACR DI. The rate of vasculitis was expressed in percentage. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to determine the independent predictors of vasculitis in SLE. P value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsRate of lupus vasculitis was 14.3%. The features shown significant difference between vasculitic and no vasculitic groups were: ACLE (79.2% vs. 18.8%, p<0.001), oral ulcer (70.8% vs. 13.2%, p<0.001), alopecia (83.3% vs. 27.1%, p<0.001), Raynaud’s phenomenon (20.8% vs. 5.6%, p=0.011), fever (54.2% vs. 25.0%, p=0.002), arthritis (70.8% vs. 29.9%, p<0.001), pregnancy loss (68.8% vs. 32.7%, p=0.003), lupus nephritis (25.0% vs. 45.1%, p=0.032), seizure (8.3% vs. 0.7%, p=0.027), pleurisy (8.3% vs. 0.7%, p=0.027), leucopenia (8.3% vs. 1.4%, p=0.049), anti ds-DNA positivity (87.5% vs. 62.5%, p=0.008), hypocomplementemia (87.5% vs. 59%, p=0.003), higher mean SLEDAI (p<0.001) and SLICC/ACR damage index score (p<0.001). Though not significant the rate of antiphospholipid antibody positivity was high (69.2% vs. 42.9%, p=0.052) in vasculitis group. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, higher SLEDAI score (OR = 1.296, 95% CI =1.114-1.508) was positively and lupus nephritis (OR= 0.055, 95% CI =0.007-0.413) was negatively associated with lupus vasculitis.ConclusionIn SLE, vasculitic presentation is common. Higher the SLEDAI score greater the chance of lupus vasculitis.References[1]Aringer, M., Costenbader, K., Daikh, D., Brinks, R., Mosca, M., Ramsey-Goldman, R., et al., (2019). 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis & Rheumatology, 71(9), pp.1400-1412.[2]Drenkard, C., Villa, A., Reyes, E., Abello, M. and Alarcón-Segovia, D. (1997). Vasculitis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus, 6(3), pp.235-242.[3]Ramos-Casals, M., Nardi, N., Lagrutta, M., Brito-Zerón, P., Bové, A., Delgado, et al., (2006). Vasculitis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Medicine, 85(2), pp.95-104.Table 1.Comparison of clinical features of Lupus vasculitis and without vasculitis (n=168)Clinical featuresLupus vasculitis (n=24) n (%)Without vasculitis (n=144) n (%)p-valueFever13 (54.2)36 (25.0)0.002γSLE specific skin lesionsACLE19 (79.2)27(18.8)<0.001γSCLE1 (4.2)6(4.2)0.500*SLE non-specific skin lesionsOral ulcer17 (70.8)19 (13.2)<0.001γAlopecia20 (83.3)39 (27.1)<0.001γ Raynaud’s5 (20.8)8 (5.6)0.011*Arthritis17 (70.8)43 29.9)<0.001γLupus nephritisa6 (25.0)65 (45.1)0.032γNeuro psychiatricSeizure2 (8.3)1 (0.7)0.027*Psychosis1 (4.2)2 (1.4)0.186*SerositisPleurisyPericarditis2 (8.3)1 (4.2)1 (0.7)3 (2.1)0.027*0.231*Pregnancy loss11/16 (68.8)32/98 (32.7)0.003γDVT1 (4.2)6 (4.2)0.500*APS3 (12.5)11 (7.6)0.213*AVN1 (4.2)2 (1.4)0.186*Pulmonary HTN2 (8.3)3 (2.1)0.074** Fisherʼs eхact test; γ chi-Square test, p < 0.05 is considered statistically significant, n: Number, %: Percent.ACLE: Acute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus, SCLE: Sub-acute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus, DVT: Deep Vein Thrombosis, APS: Anti Phospholipid Antibody Syndrome, AVN: Avascular necrosis, HTN: Hypertension,a: all diagnosed cases of lupus nephritis, presented with or without flareAcknowledgementsWe acknowledge all of our patients for their kind participation in this study. We also acknowledge Prof. Syed Atiqul Haq, Prof. Minhaj Rahim Choudhury, Prof. Abu Shahin, Dr. Md. Masudul Hasaan, Dr. Shamim Ahmed, Dr. Abul Kalam Azad, Department of rheumatology, BSMMU for their support and kind help during the work. At the end we acknowledge BSMMU authority for their support in conducting the study.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Satoh, Taroh, Tadamichi Denda, Tetsuya Hamaguchi, Naotoshi Sugimoto, Takashi Ura, Kentaro Yamazaki, Hirofumi Fujii, et al. "A phase II study of ziv-aflibercept (Z) + FOLFIRI in Japanese patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2017): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.4_suppl.707.
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707 Background: VEGF promotes tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Z blocks the activity of VEGF-A/-B, and placental growth factor and was shown in the VELOUR phase III study (NCT00561470) outside of Japan to significantly improve overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall response rate (ORR) in mCRC pts as a second-line treatment given with FOLFIRI. Goals of the current open-label, multicenter phase II study were to assess the efficacy and safety of Z + FOLFIRI in a post-oxaliplatin setting in mCRC pts in Japan. Methods: Pts received Z (4 mg/kg) + FOLFIRI (400 mg/m2 bolus 5-fluorouracil [FU]; 2400 mg/m2 continuous infusion 5-FU; 200 mg/m2 levofolinate; 180 mg/m2 irinotecan) every 2 weeks until progression, unacceptable toxicity, or study withdrawal. Primary endpoint: ORR (required 60 pts in order to obtain a 95% CI width of 16–20%, assuming an ORR of 10–20%). Secondary endpoints: PFS, OS, and safety. Tumors were assessed by independent reviewers every 6 ± 1 weeks until progression. Results: Study enrolled 62 pts; 50 pts (83.3%) had received prior bevacizumab. Of 60 pts evaluable for response, 5 had a partial response and none had a complete response, resulting in an ORR of 8.3% (95% CI: 1.3–15.3%). The median PFS was 5.42 months (95% CI: 4.140–6.702), and the median OS was 15.59 months (range 11.20–19.81). Forty-one pts (66.1%) died due to progression; none died due to study treatment. Pts underwent a median of 8 treatment cycles (range 1–31) lasting a median of 21.8 weeks (range 2–73). The median relative dose intensity was 0.99 (range 0.2–1.0) for Z, 0.87 (range 0.4–1.0) for irinotecan, and 0.96 (range 0.7–1.0) for 5-FU. All pts had ≥1 treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE; see table). Conclusions: The ORR was 8.3% (95% CI: 1.3–15.3%), and the median OS was 15.59 months. The safety profile was consistent with that reported previously. Registered as NCT01882868. Clinical trial information: NCT01882868. [Table: see text]
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Castañeda-Porras, Oneida, and Omar Segura. "Carga de enfermedad por lesiones de causa externa en Casanare, Colombia, 2008-2012." Revista de Salud Pública 20, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v20n2.64066.
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Objetivo Estimar la carga de enfermedad por lesiones de causa externa (LCE) en el departamento de Casanare durante 2008-2012.Métodos Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo desde los registros de la notificación al Sivigila de los eventos agrupados como LCE y los eventos reportados al Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Lesiones de Causa Externa (SIVELCE). Análisis de variables en tiempo-lugar-persona mediante estadística descriptiva, con plantillas disponibles vía OMS en Microsoft Office® Excel 2013 y Epi-Info® 7.1.3.Resultados Entre 2008-2012 fueron notificados al Sistema de Salud Pública (SIVIGILA) 5 829 casos agrupados como LCE: accidente ofídico 751(12,9%), agresiones por rabia 3 774(64,7%), intoxicaciones 1 231(21,1%), lesiones por pólvora 32(0,5%) y violencia 41(0,7%), razón hombre/mujer 1:1, edad promedio 25±19,3(r=0,01-92) años, años de vida ajustados por discapacidad (AVAD) 821(2,5 años por 1 000 habitantes); y, al SIVELCE 15 539 reportes: lesiones intencionales 12 834(82,6%) y lesiones no intencionales 2 704(17,4%), razón hombre/mujer 1:1, edad promedio 28±14,1(r=0,03-90) años, relación entre morir por lesiones intencionales vs lesiones no intencionales tuvo una razón de disparidad OR=0,12 (X²=1 060,56 1 g.l, valor-p=0,0), AVAD 18 179(55,8/1 000).Conclusiones Las LCE afectan por igual a hombres y mujeres, los AVAD ocurren a expensas de la morbilidad. Todas las LCE son prevenibles, por tanto, es necesario fortalecer las respectivas acciones de vigilancia, prevención y control.
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Bennett, M. J., J. A. Desport, and P. A. Labun. "Yttrium Location and Chemical State in the Scale Formed On Y–Implanted 20%Cr/25%Ni/Nb Stabilised Stainless Steel in Carbon Dioxide at 825 C." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (August 1985): 270–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100118266.
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Understanding how the so-called reactive elements improve the protection afforded to alloys by Cr203 and Al203 scales continues to be a major topic of high temperature oxidation research. Considerable progress has stemmed from studies on alloy surfaces modified by the controlled addition of these elements, such as yttrium and cerium, by ion implantation. The influence of yttrium ion implantation upon the oxidation behaviour of the technologically important 20%Cr/25%Ni/0.7%Mn/0.7%Si/Nb stabilised (20/25/Nb) austenitic stainless steel in carbon dioxide at 825°C has been the subject of extensive investigation. The implantation of 1017 yttrium ions cm-2 reduced the overall attack of the 20/25/Nb steel and maintained scale adhesion during extended exposure (6500h). These effects derived from the initial stage (<1h) of scale development.Further mechanistic understanding of the role of yttrium is critically dependent upon ascertaining both its location within the scale and its chemical state. This paper reports the preliminary results from an analytical electron microscopy examination of both back thinned(planar) and transverse sections of scales formed on yttrium implanted 20/25/Nb steel following 775 and 6500h oxidation in carbon dioxide at 825°C respectively.
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Ahmad, Zahoor, Charles A. Peloquin, Rajendra P. Singh, Hartmut Derendorf, Sandeep Tyagi, Ann Ginsberg, Jacques H. Grosset, and Eric L. Nuermberger. "PA-824 Exhibits Time-Dependent Activity in a Murine Model of Tuberculosis." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 1 (October 11, 2010): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00849-10.
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ABSTRACTPA-824 is one of two nitroimidazoles in phase II clinical trials to treat tuberculosis. In mice, it has dose-dependent early bactericidal and sterilizing activity. In humans with tuberculosis, PA-824 demonstrated early bactericidal activity (EBA) at doses ranging from 200 to 1,200 mg per day, but no dose-response effect was observed. To better understand the relationship between drug exposure and effect, we performed a dose fractionation study in mice. Dose-ranging pharmacokinetic data were used to simulate drug exposure profiles. Beginning 2 weeks after aerosol infection withMycobacterium tuberculosis, total PA-824 doses from 144 to 4,608 mg/kg were administered as 3, 4, 8, 12, 24, or 48 divided doses over 24 days. Lung CFU counts after treatment were strongly correlated with the free drugT>MIC(R2= 0.87) and correlated with the free drug AUC/MIC (R2= 0.60), but not with the free drugCmax/MIC (R2= 0.17), whereT>MICis the cumulative percentage of the dosing interval that the drug concentration exceeds the MIC under steady-state pharmacokinetic conditions and AUC is the area under the concentration-time curve. When the data set was limited to regimens with dosing intervals of ≤72 h, both theT>MICand the AUC/MIC values fit the data well. Free drugT>MICof 22, 48, and 77% were associated with bacteriostasis, a 1-log kill, and a 1.59-log kill (or 80% of the maximum observed effect), respectively. Human pharmacodynamic simulations based on phase I data predict 200 mg/day produces free drugT>MICvalues near the target for maximal observed bactericidal effect. The results support the recently demonstrated an EBA of 200 mg/day and the lack of a dose-response between 200 and 1,200 mg/day.T>MIC, in conjunction with AUC/MIC, is the parameter on which dose optimization of PA-824 should be based.
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Curtis, Neil F., Olga P. Gladkikh, David C. Weatherburn, John S. De Courcey, and T. Neil M. Waters. "Compounds of Copper(II) and Nickel(II) with 6,8,8,13,13,15-Hexamethyl-1,2,4,5,9,12- hexaazacyclopentadeca-5,15(1)-diene and Some 3-Substituted Homologues." Australian Journal of Chemistry 51, no. 7 (1998): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c97024.
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Copper(II) and nickel(II) compounds, [M(L)]2+, of the macrocyclic ligand 6,8,8,13,13,15-hexamethyl-1,2,4,5,9,12-hexaazacyclopentadeca-5,15(1)-diene are formed by reaction of compounds of 4,4,9,9-tetramethyl-5,8-diazadodecane-2,11-dione dihydrazone with methanal. Analogous reactions with aldehydes RHCO, or ketones RR′CO, form compounds of 3-R or 3-RR′ substituted ligands, [M(r- L)]2+ or [M(rr′-L)]2+, respectively. The nickel(II) cations form singlet ground state salts, e.g. [Ni(L)]X2, X = [ClO4]- or ½[ZnCl4]2-, and also triplet ground state compounds, e.g. [Ni(L) (NCS)2] and [Ni(L)(X)] (ClO4) (X = NO2-, C2O42-, N3-, etc.). The structures of [Cu(L)] (ClO4)2, [Ni(L)] (ClO4)2, the 3-propyl compound formed from butanal, [Cu(pr-L)] (ClO4)2.H2O, and the compounds of 9,11,11,16,16,18-hexamethyl-7,8,12,15,19,20-hexaazaspiro[5.14]eicosa-8,18(1)-diene (chex-L), formed from cyclohexanone, namely [Cu(chex-L)] (ClO4)2.MeOH, [Ni(chex-L)] (ClO4)2, and [Ni(chex-L)] (ClO4)2.MeOH, were determined. All have the metal ions in tetrahedrally twisted square-planar coordination, by N1, N5, N9 and N12 , with N9N12-rac, for the (L) and (pr-L) compounds, or by the structurally equivalent N3, N7, N10 and N14, with N7N10-rac, for the (chex-L) compounds. The [Cu(L)]2+ and [Cu(pr-L)]2+cations have saddle-like macrocycle conformations, with approximate mirror symmetry, while the other compounds have ′twisted′ macrocycle conformations with approximate twofold symmetry {[Cu(L)] (ClO4)2, C15H32Cl2CuN6O8, orthorhombic,P 212121, a 8·562(7), b 13·096(8), c 20·257(6) Å, Z 4, R 0·041 for 1540 reflections; [Ni(L)] (ClO4)2, C15H32Cl2N6NiO8, orthorhombic, P21/n, a 13·500(3), b 9·207(2), c 19·478(5) Å, β 103·94(2)°, Z 4, R1 0·055 for 2650 reflections; [Cu(Pr-L)] (ClO4)2.H2O, C18H40Cl2CuN6O9, monoclinic, C 2, a 24·229(5), b 13·780(3), c 8·877(2) Å, β 108·79(3)°, Z 4, R1 0·067 for 1765 reflections; [Cu(chex-L)] (ClO4)2.MeOH, C21H44Cl2CuN6O9, monoclinic, C 2/c, a 17·086(5), b 24·539(2), c 14·496(1) Å, β 89·94(2), Z 8, R1 0·072 for 2521 reflections; [Ni(chex-L)] (ClO4)2, C20H40Cl2N6NiO8, monoclinic, P 21/c, a 14·820(2), b 18·599(4), c 10·282(1) Å, β 106·26(1)°, Z 4, R1 0·067 for 2552 reflections; [Ni(chex-L)] (ClO4)2.MeOH, C21H44Cl2CuN6O9, monoclinic, C 2/c, a 14·451(2), b 24·11(2), c 16·740(3) Å, β 90·14(1)°, Z 8, R1 0·064 for 2598 reflections}.
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Wang, Jun-Sing, Wei-Ju Liu, and Chia-Lin Lee. "HbA1c trajectory and cardiovascular outcomes: an analysis of data from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study." Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease 12 (January 2021): 204062232110263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20406223211026391.
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Background: We investigated the associations between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) trajectories and cardiovascular outcomes using data from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study. Methods: We used HbA1c values within the first 2 years of treatment for modeling with a latent class growth model. Groups of HbA1c trajectories were modeled separately in the standard (group 1–group 4) and intensive (group 5–group 8) treatment arms. The primary outcome in the ACCORD study was a composite of non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes. Effects of HbA1c trajectories on cardiovascular outcomes were analyzed using a Cox-proportional hazard model. Results: Baseline HbA1c levels for the eight trajectories (group 1–group 8) were 7.8 ± 0.8, 8.2 ± 0.9, 9.3 ± 1.1, 9.6 ± 1.2, 7.8 ± 0.7, 10.1 ± 0.8, 8.3 ± 0.7, and 9.5 ± 1.1%, respectively. The respective values after 2 years of treatment were 7.0 ± 0.6, 7.7 ± 0.7, 8.5 ± 0.9, 10.3 ± 1.3, 6.2 ± 0.4, 6.5 ± 0.6, 7.2 ± 0.6, and 8.5 ± 1.1%. After a median follow-up of 4.8 years, group 5 and group 6 had similar outcomes compared with group 1 (reference group). In contrast, group 3, group 4, and group 8 had higher risks of the primary composite outcome compared with group 1. Conclusion: HbA1c trajectory was associated with cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients with high cardiovascular risk.
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Zaheed, Afsara B., and Laura B. Zahodne. "6 The Role of CPAP Treatment on Associations Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cognition Among Black and White Older Adults." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (November 2023): 873–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723010779.
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Objective:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may be a modifiable risk factor for late-life cognitive impairment. We previously demonstrated that non-Hispanic Black older adults are less likely to be diagnosed with OSA despite having equal or greater health risk for OSA compared to non-Hispanic White older adults, and this disparity in diagnosis was strongest among individuals with lower education. Here, we aimed to determine 1) whether there are racial differences in continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment, 2) how CPAP treatment may influence OSA-cognition associations, and 3) whether CPAP differentially influences OSA-cognition associations across racial groups.Participants and Methods:Cross-sectional data were obtained from 424 socioeconomically diverse community-dwelling adults ages 55-83 (63.4±3.2 years, 41.7% male, 53.5% Black) from the Michigan Cognitive Aging Project. Physician-diagnosed OSA and current CPAP use were self-reported. Global cognition was operationalized as a composite of five factor scores derived from a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Racial group differences were investigated with chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests with statistical significance set at the .05 level. Associations between OSA and cognition (adjusted for age, gender, race, and years of education) were investigated with linear regressions. Subsequent models isolated effects of uncontrolled OSA by excluding individuals using CPAP. Racial differences in OSA-cognition associations were investigated with race-stratified models.Results:Fewer Black participants (9.2%) reported diagnosed OSA compared to White participants (12.3%; x2 (1, N=424) =5.314, p=.021, cp=.112). In the whole sample, 47.3% of participants with diagnosed OSA reported CPAP use, and this proportion did not differ across race (x2 [1, N=86] =.048, p=.826). In the whole sample, OSA diagnosis was only associated with cognition when CPAP users were excluded (excluding CPAP users: ß=-.085, SE=.037, p=.024; including CPAP users: ß=-.067, SE=.036, p=.062). In race-stratified models, diagnosed OSA was only associated with cognition among Black participants, and this association was stronger when CPAP users were excluded (excluding CPAP users: ß=-.142, SE=.060, p=.018; including CPAP users: ß=-.126, SE=.058, p=.030). Diagnosed OSA was not associated with cognition among White participants, irrespective of whether CPAP users were included (excluding CPAP users: ß=-.084,SE=.068, p=.215; including CPAP users: ß=-.056, SE=.064, p=.378).Conclusions:Our findings support CPAP treatment as a potential intervention to mitigate late-life cognitive impairment among those with OSA. Despite being less likely to receive a diagnosis of OSA, Black older adults were equally likely to engage in CPAP treatment as White older adults when diagnosed. The detrimental impact of OSA on cognition may be more salient among Black older adults, which may reflect racial disparities in cardiovascular risk and/or resources that promote cognitive reserve. However, CPAP appears to be an effective treatment to reduce OSA-related cognitive impairment for Black older adults, highlighting the critical importance of diagnosis and treatment in this group. Intervention efforts that abate racial inequalities in access to quality healthcare in order to facilitate acquisition of a formal OSA diagnosis and CPAP treatment may help to reduce preventable cognitive health disparities among older adults.
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Koga, Toshikatsu, Hidenori Aoki, and Ajit J. Thakkar. "Kinetic energy analysis of atomic multiplets. II. smdn configurations." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 74, no. 6 (June 1, 1996): 775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v96-085.
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A kinetic energy analysis of total energy differences in 822 atomic multiplets arising from smdn (m = 0,1,2; n = 2–8) electronic configurations is performed within the nonrelativistic, restricted Hartree–Fock framework. For the 444 multiplets arising from the dn and s2dn configurations of 27 atoms in groups 2–10, a very good linear correlation between the total energy difference and the kinetic energy difference of the outermost d-electrons is demonstrated. For the 378 multiplets arising from the sdn configuration, on the other hand, a good linear correlation is obtained provided that the multiplets are classified into groups based on spin multiplicity. Key words: kinetic energy, atomic multiplets, smdn configurations, Hartree–Fock approximation.
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Dufour Doiron, Monique, Denis Prud’homme, and Pierre Boulay. "Time-of-day variation in cardiovascular response to maximal exercise testing in coronary heart disease patients taking a beta-blocker." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 32, no. 4 (August 2007): 664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h07-047.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a beta-blocker (atenolol and metoprolol) on exercise heart rate (HR) and rate pressure product (RPP) during a morning and afternoon maximal exercise test (maxET) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Twenty-one CHD patients (59.9 ± 8.9 years of age) treated with either atenolol or metoprolol participated in this study. All subjects underwent a morning and afternoon symptom-limited maximal exercise test (maxET) 2–3 h and 8–10 h after medication intake. No significant differences in exercise capacity (atenolol: 8.3 ± 1.9 vs. 8.3 ± 2.1 metabolic equivalents (METs); metoprolol: 8.8 ± 2.0 vs. 8.7 ± 2.0 METs) or rate of perceived exertion (atenolol: 7.4 ± 1.9 vs. 7.4 ± 1.7 METs; metoprolol: 7.2 ± 1.5 vs. 6.8 ± 0.9 METs) were observed between the 2 maxETs in either group. However, there was a discrepancy in cardiovascular and ischemic responses between morning and afternoon maxET. Subjects treated with atenolol demonstrated better overall control of HR and RPP during the afternoon maxET. The difference between morning and afternoon HRmax (11 ± 8 vs. 19 ± 9 beats·min–1; p = 0.05) was significantly higher in the metoprolol group, but did not attain significance for RPP (31 ± 30 vs. 54 ± 28 mmHg·beats·min–1·10−2; p = 0.09). Also, nearly one quarter of our subjects who had a normal morning maxET demonstrated an abnormal electrocardiogram response and (or) ischemia when exercise testing was done in the late afternoon. These changes were more prevalent in subjects taking metoprolol. The results of this study suggest that there is considerable time-of-day variation in the cardiovascular response to a maxET in CHD patients treated with a beta-blocker.
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Fernández-García, Silvia, Laura del Campo-Albendea, Dharshini Sambamoorthi, Jameela Sheikh, Karen Lau, Nana Osei-Lah, Anoushka Ramkumar, et al. "Effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines on maternal and perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis." BMJ Global Health 9, no. 4 (April 2024): e014247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-014247.
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ObjectiveTo assess the effects of COVID-19 vaccines in women before or during pregnancy on SARS-CoV-2 infection-related, pregnancy, offspring and reactogenicity outcomes.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMajor databases between December 2019 and January 2023.Study selectionNine pairs of reviewers contributed to study selection. We included test-negative designs, comparative cohorts and randomised trials on effects of COVID-19 vaccines on infection-related and pregnancy outcomes. Non-comparative cohort studies reporting reactogenicity outcomes were also included.Quality assessment, data extraction and analysisTwo reviewers independently assessed study quality and extracted data. We undertook random-effects meta-analysis and reported findings as HRs, risk ratios (RRs), ORs or rates with 95% CIs.ResultsSixty-seven studies (1 813 947 women) were included. Overall, in test-negative design studies, pregnant women fully vaccinated with any COVID-19 vaccine had 61% reduced odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.75; 4 studies, 23 927 women; I2=87.2%) and 94% reduced odds of hospital admission (OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.71; 2 studies, 868 women; I2=92%). In adjusted cohort studies, the risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy was reduced by 12% (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.92; 2 studies; 115 085 women), while caesarean section was reduced by 9% (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.98; 6 studies; 30 192 women). We observed an 8% reduction in the risk of neonatal intensive care unit admission (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.97; 2 studies; 54 569 women) in babies born to vaccinated versus not vaccinated women. In general, vaccination during pregnancy was not associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy or perinatal outcomes. Pain at the injection site was the most common side effect reported (77%, 95% CI 52% to 94%; 11 studies; 27 195 women).ConclusionCOVID-19 vaccines are effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and related complications in pregnant women.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020178076.
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Werner, Rodolfo, and Claudio Campagna. "Diving behaviour of lactating southern sea lions (Otaria flavescens) in Patagonia." Canadian Journal of Zoology 73, no. 11 (November 1, 1995): 1975–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z95-232.
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The diving behaviour of six lactating female southern sea lions (Otaria flavescens) was recorded during 52.4 animal-days at sea. Information was obtained from 18 057 dives. Females spent 52.7 ± 6.2% of the time at sea diving. Median and maximum dive depths ranged from 19 to 62 and from 97 to 175 m, respectively. Dives were short, with median and maximum durations ranging from 2.1 to 3.2 and from 4.4 to 7.7 min, respectively. Dives deeper than 10 m represented 56 – 89% of total dives and involved 93 – 97% of total diving time. Mean dive depth and duration of dives greater than 10 m were 61 m and 3 min, respectively. Most of these dives (69%) had a flat-bottomed U-shaped profile, bottom time constituting about half of the dive duration. Shallow dives, with a modal depth of 2 m, were short (median duration 0.1 –0.8 min), with virtually no time spent at the bottom of the dive. During trips to sea, which ranged from less than 1 day to more than 4 days, females dove continuously. Mean dive frequency was between 11 and 19 per hour. Surface intervals were short (median 0.9–1.2 min) and there was no apparent diel variation in dive depth or frequency. The estimated aerobic dive limit of the females was exceeded on only a few dives (0.7 – 6.2%). Transit to potential foraging areas took 0.2–8.3 h.
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Lasetta, Kyriakos, Joseph Paul Baboo, and Constantina Lekakou. "Modeling and Simulations of the Sulfur Infiltration in Activated Carbon Fabrics during Composite Cathode Fabrication for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5030065.
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During the manufacture of a composite cathode for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries it is important to realize homogeneous infiltration of a specified amount of sulfur, targeted to be at least 5 mg cm−2 to achieve good battery performance in terms of high energy density. A model of the sulfur infiltration is presented in this study, taking into account the pore size distribution of the porous cathode host, phase transitions in sulfur, and formation of different sulfur allotropes, depending on pore size, formation energy and available thermal energy. Simulations of sulfur infiltration into an activated carbon fabric at a hot-plate temperature of 175 °C for two hours predicted a composite cathode with 41 wt% sulfur (8.3 mg cm−2), in excellent agreement with the experiment. The pore size distribution of the porous carbon host proved critical for both the extent and form of retained sulfur, where pores below 0.4 nm could not accommodate any sulfur, pores between 0.4 and 0.7 nm retained S4 and S6 allotropes, and pores between 0.7 and 1.5 nm contained S8.
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Prabu, N., V. Petciappan, G. Anand, A. Kumar, and S. Ram. "AB0458 STEROIDS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS - TIME FOR REPREAVAL." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (May 30, 2023): 1420.2–1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.3046.
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BackgroundThe usage of steroids in the management of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) has been questioned after the ACR-2021 guidelines while short-term steroid use has been advocated by EULAR-2022.In usual clinical practices steroid has a major role in the management. The adverse events associated with the steroid use is a major limiting factor.ObjectivesTo assess the steroid use in routine clinical practice and review the occurrence of Diabetes(T2DM), Hypertension(HTN),Osteoporosis,CoronaryArteryDisease(CAD),Avascular necrosis (AVN), Cataract, Infections.MethodsAll patients diagnosed with RA from 2014 to 2019 with regular follow up of minimum one year duration were taken for analysis. Demographics, weight recordings, steroid prescribed and baseline characteristics were noted.The presence of complications like DM, HTN, cataract, osteoporosis, CAD, AVN,infections before and after steroids were noted.ResultsA total of 967 patients were included in the analysis,826(85.4%) were given steroids and 141 (14.6%) were managed without steroids. The mean age was 53.58 (10.94) yrs the mean disease duration was 4.73 (5.21) for patient with steroids and 6.104 (6.05%) yrs for patients without steroids Patients who were given steroids had increased occurrence of HTN(8.7%), Infections(6%), cataract(5.3%), diabetes(3.6%), osteoporosis(1.2%), AVN(0.8%), CAD(0.7%).In non-steroids group this was 1.4% each in diabetes and infection, 0.7% HTN while 0% in other categories(Table 1).In the 826 patients steroids were stopped in 567 (58.6%) but the risk of HTN(8.2%), Infections(5.46%), cataract(4.9%), DM(4.05%),Osteoporosis(0.8%),AVN(0.7%)and CAD (0.8%) still remained high.ConclusionRA patients treated with Steroids have a increased chance of developing HTN, Infection followed by cataract, diabetes, with minimal increase in osteoporosis, CAD and AVN and this persists even after stopping steroids.Reference[1]Smolen JS. recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Ann Rheum Dis [Internet]. 2023;82. Available from:http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard-2022-223356EULARTable 1.STEROIDSNAgeF:MDISEASE DURATIONHTNINFECTIONCATARACTDMOSTEOPOROSISAVNCADYES82653.58 (10.94)868:994.739 (5.21)72 (8.7%)50 (6%)44 (5.3%)30 (3.6%)10 (1.2%)7 (0.8%)6 (0.7%)No14153.56 (10.89)123:186.104 (6.058)1 (0.7%)2 (1.4%)02 (1.4%)000p value0.980.06Stopped56753.2 (11)506:614.51 (5.02)47 (8.2%)31 (5.46%)28 (4.9%)23 (4.05%)5 (0.8%)4 (0.7%)5 (0.8%)Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Kapitonova, E. A. "ECOLOGICAL METHODS OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF BROILER CHICKEN MEAT IN THE CONDITIONS OF INTENSIVE POULTRY FARMING." Transactions of the educational establishment “Vitebsk the Order of “the Badge of Honor” State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 57, no. 3 (2021): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.52368/2078-0109-2021-57-3-85-90.
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This article presents the results of determining the quality indices of broiler chicken meat during production tests. Taking into account the data obtained the most optimal rate for the introduction of “Belasorb” feed additive is 2 kg/t of mixed feed which in meat samples from poultry houses № 104 and № 108 contributes to an increase in the biological value of meat – by 5.6% and 8.3%; the mass fraction of protein – by 0.87 p.p. and 0.9 p.p.; with a decrease in the mass fraction of fat – by 0.72 p.p. and 0.73 p.p. as well as calorie content – by 2.47% and 2.56% respectively.
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Calderón-Goercke, M., J. J. Gaitán-Valdizán, R. Fernández-Ramón, L. Sánchez-Bilbao, R. Demetrio-Pablo, and R. Blanco. "SAT0512 OCULAR INVOLVEMENT AND TREATMENT IN SARCOIDOSIS. STUDY OF 41 PATIENTS OF A SERIES OF 383 PATIENTS FROM A SINGLE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1212.2–1212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3757.
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Background:The eye is a common and potential severe complication of sarcoidosis. Topical and systemic corticosteroids are the first-line treatment. Conventional and biological immunosuppressants (IS) are frequently needed(1-5).Objectives:To assess the frequency, clinical and treatment of ocular involvement of sarcoidosis.Methods:Study of a large cohort (n=383) of systemic sarcoidosis from a single university hospital. All consecutive patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis from January 1,1999 to January 1,2019 according the ATS/ERS/WASOG criteria(Eur Respir J 1999;14:735–737) were included.Results:41 (22 women/19 men) of 383 (10.7%) patients had ocular involvement, mean age 44.8±16 years. Uveitis (n=34; 82.9%) was the most common ocular manifestation, especially anterior uveitis (n=18; 52.9%). Ocular surface and eye orbit may also be affected(Table). In addition to topical and systemic corticosteroids, conventional (n=23; 56.1%) and biologic (n=14; 34.1%) IS drugs were required. Adalimumab and Infliximab were the most used biologic treatments(Table).Cystoid macular edema (CME) and Retinal Vasculitis was observed in both cases in 3 (7.3%) patients, 2 of them (66.7%) required biological treatment. Papilitis appeared in 7 (17.1%) cases, biological treatment was needed in 3 (42.9%) patients. The most frequent sequels were cataract (n=9, 21.9%), intraocular hypertension (n=5; 12.2%) and pupil alterations (n=4; 9.7%). The average of the best corrected visual acuity was 0.6±0.3 at diagnosis and 0.7±0.3 after one year follow up.Conclusion:Ocular involvement of sarcoidosis is a relative frequent and potential severe complication, especially if panuveitis is presented.References:[1]Riancho-Zarrabeitia L, et al. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2015; 45:361-8.[2]Calvo-Río V, et al. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2014; 32:864-8.[3]Riancho-Zarrabeitia L, et al. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2014; 32:275-84.[4]Vegas-Revenga N, et al. Am J Ophthalmol. 2019; 200:85-94.[5]Calvo-Río V, et al. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2014;32(4 Suppl 84): S54-7.Table.Ocular manifestations of sarcoidosis and treatment with corticosteroids, conventional and biological IS.CONVENTIONAL ISBIOLOGICAL ISOCULAR INVOLVEMENTCasesTCSOCSMD of OCSIVMPCISMTXAZACFMMMFBTADAIFXTCZGLMETNSURFACE n(%)3(7.3)2(66.7)2(66.7)2(66.7)2(66.7)2(66.7)2(66.7)1(33.3)0(0)2(66.7)2(66.7)2(66.7)0(0)0(0)0(0)-CG/N, n(%)1(33.3)1(100)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)-PUK, n(%)2(66.7)1(50)2(100)602(100)2(100)2(100)2(100)1(50)0(0)2(100)2(100)2(100)0(0)0(0)0(0)UVEITIS n(%)34(82.9)25(73.5)28(82.3)10(29.4)19(55.6)18(52.9)7(20.6)1(2.9)1(2.9)12(35.3)11(32.3)4(11.8)3(8.8)2(5.9)1(2.9)-Anterior uveítis, n(%)18(52.9)11(61.1)13(72.2)301(5.5)5(27.8)5(27.8)1(5.5)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)0(0)-Posterior uveítis, n(%)4(11.7)2(50)3(75)601(25)3(75)2(50)2(50)0(0)0(0)2(50)1(25)0(0)0(0)1(25)0(0)-Panuveítis, n(%)12(35.3)12(100)12(100)608(66.7)11(91.7)11(91.7)4(33.3)1(8.3)1(8.3)10(83.3)10(83.3)4(33.3)3(25)1(8.3)1(8.3)EYE ORBIT n(%)4(9.7)2(50)3(75)2(50)2(50)2(50)2(50)0(0)0(0)2(50)1(25)1(25)1(25)0(0)0(0)-Proptosis, n(%)2(50)1(50)1(50)301(50)1(50)1(50)1(50)0(0)0(0)1(50)1(50)0(0)1(50)0(0)0(0)-Strabismus, n(%)2(50)1(50)2(100)601(50)1(50)1(50)1(50)0(0)0(0)1(33.3)0(0)1(33.3)0(0)0(0)0(0)TOTAL, n(%)41(100)29(70.7)33(80.5)50±15.514(34.1)23(56.1)22(53.7)11(26.9)2(4.9)1(2.4)14(34.1)14(34.1)7(17.5)3(7.3)2(4.9)1(2.4)TCS:topical corticosteroids;OCS:oral corticosteroids;MD:maximum dose;IVMP:intravenous methylprednisolone;CIS: conventional immunossupresors;BT:biologic therapy;CG/N:conjunctival granuloma/nodule;PUK:peripheral ulcerative keratitisDisclosure of Interests:Monica Calderón-Goercke: None declared, Jorge Javier Gaitán-Valdizán: None declared, Raúl Fernández-Ramón: None declared, Lara Sánchez-Bilbao: None declared, Rosalía Demetrio-Pablo: None declared, Ricardo Blanco Grant/research support from: AbbVie, MSD, and Roche, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, Bristol-Myers, Janssen, and MSD
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Ecker, Christian, and Luciano Rezzolla. "A General, Scale-independent Description of the Sound Speed in Neutron Stars." Astrophysical Journal Letters 939, no. 2 (November 1, 2022): L35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac8674.
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Abstract Using more than a million randomly generated equations of state that satisfy theoretical and observational constraints, we construct a novel, scale-independent description of the sound speed in neutron stars, where the latter is expressed in a unit cube spanning the normalized radius, r/R, and the mass normalized to the maximum one, M/M TOV. From this generic representation, a number of interesting and surprising results can be deduced. In particular, we find that light (heavy) stars have stiff (soft) cores and soft (stiff) outer layers, or that the maximum of the sound speed is located at the center of light stars but moves to the outer layers for stars with M/M TOV ≳ 0.7, reaching a constant value of c s 2 = 1 / 2 as M → M TOV. We also show that the sound speed decreases below the conformal limit c s 2 = 1 / 3 at the center of stars with M = M TOV. Finally, we construct an analytic expression that accurately describes the radial dependence of the sound speed as a function of the neutron-star mass, thus providing an estimate of the maximum sound speed expected in a neutron star.
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Nagappan, Thilahgavani, Perumal Ramasamy, and Charles Santhanaraju Vairappan. "Chemotaxonomical Markers in Essential Oil of Murraya Koenigii." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 10 (October 2012): 1934578X1200701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200701034.
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The composition of the essential oils of Murraya koenigii(L.) Spreng, cultivated at six locations in Peninsula Malaysia and Borneo are presented. The oils were obtained from fresh leaves by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS); 61 compounds were identified, of which eleven were present in all the specimens analyzed. The two major volatile metabolites were identified as β-caryophyllene (16.6-26.6%) and α-humulene (15.2-26.7%) along with nine minor compounds identified as β-elemene (0.3-1.3%), aromadendrene (0.5-1.5%), β-selinene (3.8-6.5%), spathulenol (0.6-2.7%), caryophyllene oxide (0.7-3.6%), viridiflorol (1.5-5.5%), 2-naphthalenemethanol (0.7-4.8%), trivertal (0.1-1.0%) and juniper camphor (2.6-8.3%). The results suggest that β-caryophyllene and α-humulene could be used as chemotaxonomical markers for Malaysian M. koenigii, hence these specimens could be of the same stock and different from the ones in India, Thailand and China.
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Bowmaker, Graham A., Effendy, John D. Kildea, Eban N. de Silva, and Allan H. White. "Lewis-Base Adducts of Group 11 Metal(I) Compounds. LXXI Synthesis, Spectroscopy and Structural Systematics of Some 1 : 2 Binuclear Adducts of Silver(I) Compounds with Triphenylarsine, [(Ph3As)2Ag(µ-X)2Ag(AsPh3)2], X = Cl, Br, I, SCN." Australian Journal of Chemistry 50, no. 6 (1997): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c96037.
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The syntheses and room-temperature single-crystal X-ray structural characterization of binuclear 1 : 2 adducts formed between silver(I) (pseudo-)halides, AgX, and triphenylarsine, AsPh3, for X = Cl, Br, I, SCN (1)–(4), are described. The chloride (1), obtained from 2-methylpyridine, is triclinic, P-1, a 10·410(2), b 12·716(2), c 14·196(6) Å, α 113·38(2), β 109·41(2), γ 75·08(1)°, Z = 1 (dimer); conventional R on F was 0·037 for No 3979 independent ‘observed’ (I > 3σ(I)) reflections. The bromide (2a), obtained from 2,6-dimethylpyridine, and iodide (3), obtained from a mixture of AgI/saturated KI in MeOH solutions, are isomorphous, monoclinic, P 21/c a≈ 24·2, b ≈ 13·9, c ≈ 20·2 Å, β ≈ 109·5°, Z = 4 dimers; R was 0·046 and 0·044 for No 5670 and 6039 respectively. The thiocyanate (4) has a similar cell, a 24·12(1), b 12·558(8), c 23·244(4) Å, β 110·11(3)°, Z = 4 dimers, R being 0·044 for No 7956; one of the thiocyanate ligands (which bridge in Ag-SCN-Ag mode) is disordered. A second polymorph of the bromide (2b) (from a mixture of AgBr/saturated KBr in H2O) is also monoclinic, P 21/c, a 14·121(8), b 25·577(3), c 21·968(2) Å, β 125·54(3)°, Z = 4 dimers (R was 0·047 for No 5715). Ag–As range between 2·568(1) and 2·633(1) Å throughout the series; in the isomorphous bromide and iodide, values increase slightly: 2·578(1)–2·611(1), cf. 2·601(2)-2·633(1) Å respectively. Ag–X are 2·568(2)-2·670(2) (Cl); 2·688(2)–2·715(2) (Br); 2·828(2)–2·856(1) Å (I); Ag-S, N for the ordered SCN group are 2·646(3), 2·255(6) Å. A redetermination of improved precision (R 0·035, No 6030) is reported for the triphenylphosphine/thiocyanate analogue. The far-infrared spectra of [(Ph3As)2Ag(µ-X)2Ag (AsPh3)2] show v(AgX) bands at 185, 145 (X = Cl), 145, 130, 106 (X = Br) and 121 cm-1 (X = I). The splittings and band widths reflect a decrease in the degree of distortion of the Ag(µ-X)2Ag units from a symmetrically bridged structure from X = Cl to I.
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Sobolev, Alexander N., and Brian N. Figgis. "Structures of Some Complexes Containing the Ru(NH3)63+ Unit." Australian Journal of Chemistry 50, no. 8 (1997): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c96217.
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The X-ray crystal structure determinations of three complexes of hexaammineruthenium(III) are reported. They are: (1) NH4+ .Ru(NH3)63+ .2ZnCl42¯, a 8·566(2), c 12·829(4) Å, V 941·3(4) Å3,I 4/m, Z = 2, R1(2σ) = 0·021, wR2 = 0·054; (2) Ru(NH3)63+ .ZnCl4 2¯.Cl¯.H2O, a 8·174(2), b 8·979(2), c 10·123(2) Å, α 80·20(2), β 86·41(2), γ 87·23(2)°, V 730·2(3) Å3 , P-1, Z = 2, R1(2σ) = 0·027, wR2 = 0·074; (3) Ru(NH3)63+ .HgCl42¯.HgCl3¯.HgCl2.H2O, a 8·055(3), b 21·493(11), c 12·625(4) Å, β 90·52(3)°, V 2186(2) Å3 , P21/c, Z = 4, R1(2σ) = 0·058, wR2 = 0·142. The hexaammineruthenium(III) cations in these structures adopt differing conformations in respect of hydrogen atom disposition. Compounds (1) and (2) have disordered NH3 groups in the Ru(NH3)63+ cations, and in compound (1) the NH4+ cation is disordered as well.
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Zhao, Siyan, Matthew J. Rogers, and Jianzhong He. "Microbial reductive dehalogenation of trihalomethanes by a Dehalobacter-containing co-culture." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 101, no. 13 (April 19, 2017): 5481–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-017-8236-2.
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Naderi, Hamid Reza, Mohammad Reza Ganjali, and Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli. "High-performance supercapacitor based on reduced graphene oxide decorated with europium oxide nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 29, no. 4 (November 24, 2017): 3035–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-8234-2.
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Wang, Zhengli, Shunshun Cao, Jiguang Lu, Yulan Liu, Xun Shi, Jinchen Jiang, Enwei Liang, Weiyang Wang, Heng Xu, and Renxin Xu. "An Extreme Radio Fluctuation of Pulsar B1929+10." Astrophysical Journal Letters 976, no. 2 (November 27, 2024): L22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad8910.
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Abstract We report the detection of an extreme flux decrease accompanied by clear dispersion measure (DM) and rotation measure (RM) variations for pulsar B1929+10 during the 110 minute radio observation with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope. The radio flux decreases by 2–3 orders of magnitude within a rapid timescale of about 20 minutes. Meanwhile, the variations of DM and RM are approximately 0.05 pc cm−3 and 0.7 rad m−2, respectively. Frequency-dependent analysis of DM indicates an extremely weak chromatic DM feature, which does not notably affect the radiative behavior detected. Moreover, the pulsar timing analysis shows an additional time delay from 100 μs to 400 μs in the event. These results are speculated to be due to the eclipse and bend for the radio emission of pulsar B1929+10 by a highly dense outflow from the pulsar. This not only impacts the intrinsic radio emission feature but also affects the pulsar timing behavior. Nevertheless, a plasma lens effect lasting around 20 minutes could also be responsible for the event.
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Tiengo, Andrea, Fabio Pintore, Beatrice Vaia, Simone Filippi, Andrea Sacchi, Paolo Esposito, Michela Rigoselli, et al. "The Power of the Rings: The GRB 221009A Soft X-Ray Emission from Its Dust-scattering Halo." Astrophysical Journal Letters 946, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): L30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acc1dc.
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Abstract GRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) ever detected that has occurred at low Galactic latitude. Owing to this exceptional combination, its prompt X-ray emission could be detected for weeks in the form of expanding X-ray rings produced by scattering in Galactic dust clouds. We report on the analysis of 20 rings, generated by dust at distances ranging from 0.3 to 18.6 kpc, detected during two X‐ray Multi Mirror (XMM)-Newton observations performed about 2 and 5 days after the GRB. By fitting the spectra of the rings with different models for the dust composition and grain size distribution, we reconstructed the spectrum of the GRB prompt emission in the 0.7–4 keV energy range as an absorbed power law with photon index Γ = 1–1.4 and absorption in the host galaxy N H,z = (4.1–5.3) × 1021 cm−2. Taking into account the systematic uncertainties regarding the column density of dust contained in the clouds producing the rings, the 0.5–5 keV fluence of GRB 221009A can be constrained between 10−3 and 7 × 10−3 erg cm−2. Both the fluence and the photon index indicate the presence of a possible soft excess with respect to the extrapolation of the main GRB peak observed at higher energies.
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Krzywicka, Katarzyna, Anita van de Munckhof, Mayte Sánchez van Kammen, Mirjam R. Heldner, Katarina Jood, Erik Lindgren, Turgut Tatlisumak, et al. "Age-Stratified Risk of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination." Neurology 98, no. 7 (December 17, 2021): e759-e768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000013148.
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Background and ObjectivesCerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) as a part of the thrombosis and thrombocytopenia syndrome is a rare adverse drug reaction of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus disease 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. Estimated background rate of CVST with thrombocytopenia is 0.1 per million per month. We assessed the age-stratified risk of CVST with and without thrombocytopenia after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.MethodsWe estimated the absolute risk of CVST with and without thrombocytopenia within 28 days of a first dose of 4 SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations using data from the European Medicines Agency's EudraVigilance database (until June 13, 2021). As a denominator, we used data on vaccine delivery from 31 European countries. For 22.8 million adults from 25 countries, we estimated the absolute risk of CVST after the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 per age category.ResultsThe absolute risk of CVST within 28 days of first-dose vaccination was 7.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.9–8.3), 0.7 (95% CI 0.2–2.4), 0.6 (95% CI 0.5–0.7), and 0.6 (95% CI 0.3–1.1) per million of first doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19, Ad26.COV2.S, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273, respectively. The absolute risk of CVST with thrombocytopenia within 28 days of first dose vaccination was 4.4 (95% CI 3.9–4.9), 0.7 (95% CI 0.2–2.4), 0.0 (95% CI 0.0–0.1), and 0.0 (95% CI 0.0–0.2) per million of first doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19, Ad26.COV2.S, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273, respectively. In recipients of ChAdOx1 nCov-19, the absolute risk of CVST, both with and without thrombocytopenia, was the highest in the 18- to 24-year-old group (7.3 per million, 95% CI 2.8–18.8 and 3.7 per million, 95% CI 1.0–13.3, respectively). The risk of CVST with thrombocytopenia in ChAdOx1 nCov-19 recipients was the lowest in the age group ≥70 years (0.2, 95% CI 0.0–1.3). Age <60 years compared to ≥60 years was a predictor for CVST with thrombocytopenia (incidence rate ratio 5.79, 95% CI 2.98–11.24, p < 0.001).DiscussionThe risk of CVST with thrombocytopenia within 28 days of first-dose vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCov-19 was higher in younger age groups. The risk of CVST with thrombocytopenia was slightly increased in patients receiving Ad26.COV2.S compared with the estimated background risk. The risk of CVST with thrombocytopenia was not increased in recipients of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines.
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Yeboah, Kwame, Daniel A. Antwi, and Ben Gyan. "Arterial Stiffness in Nonhypertensive Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Ghana." International Journal of Endocrinology 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6107572.
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Background. Increased arterial stiffness is an independent cardiovascular risk factor in diabetes patients and general population. However, the contribution of diabetes to arterial stiffness is often masked by coexistent obesity and hypertension. In this study, we assessed arterial stiffness in nonhypertensive, nonobese type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients in Ghana.Methods. In case-control design, 166 nonhypertensive, nonobese participants, comprising 96 T2DM patients and 70 nondiabetes controls, were recruited. Peripheral and central blood pressure (BP) indices were measured, and arterial stiffness was assessed as aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao), augmentation index (AIx), cardioankle vascular index (CAVI), and heart-ankle pulse wave velocity (haPWV).Results. With similar peripheral and central BP indices, T2DM patients had higher PWVao (8.3 ± 1versus7.8 ± 1.3,p=0.044) and CAVI (7.9 ± 1.2versus6.9 ± 0.7,p=0.021) than nondiabetic control. AIx and haPWV were similar between T2DM and nondiabetic controls. Multiple regression models showed that, in the entire study participants, the major determinants of PWVao were diabetes status, age, gender, systolic BP, and previous smoking status (β= 0.22, 0.36, 0.48, 0.21, and 0.25, resp.; allp<0.05); the determinants of CAVI were diabetes status, age, BMI, heart rate, HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and previous smoking status (β= 0.21, 0.38, 0.2, 0.18, 0.24. 0.2, −0.19, and 0.2, resp.; allp<0.05).Conclusion. Our findings suggest that nonhypertensive, nonobese T2DM patients have increased arterial stiffness without appreciable increase in peripheral and central pressure indices.
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Flux, John E. C. "Comparison of predation by two suburban cats in New Zealand." European Journal of Ecology 3, no. 1 (October 26, 2017): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eje-2017-0009.
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AbstractTo study the effects domestic cats may have on surrounding wildlife, a complete list was made of 558 items caught in the garden or brought into the house by one cat over 17 years, from 1988 to 2005. The effect on prey populations was assessed by comparing their abundance with the previous 15 years’ population without a cat. On balance, this cat (Cat 1) was clearly beneficial to the native bird species by killing rodents and deterring mustelids. The diet of a second cat (Cat 2) was recorded in the same way from 2006 to 2016. This cat caught half the number of items 148:287, but in the same proportions: house mice (37.8:42.6); ship rats (12.8:12.1); European rabbits (all young) (8.1:6.7); weasels (0.7:0.4); dunnock (12.8:9.2); house sparrow (2.0:3.1); blackbird (2.7:2.5); song thrush (1.4:1.3); European greenfinch (0.7:5.8); chaffinch (0.7:3.3); silvereye (10.1:8.3); New Zealand fantail (2.0:1.0); lizards (8.1:1.7). Despite this, there were significant differences: Cat 2 avoided finches (2:28, P = 0.004), and took a few more lizards (12:5). For both cats, birds apparently formed about a third of their diet: 33.4% and 34.5%, but comparison of the proportion of birds and rodents brought into the house (12:92) and found dead away from the house (49:45) implies that 320 rodent kills may have been missed, being far more difficult to find. As top predators, these cats were clearly beneficial to native birds, and proposed control or elimination may precipitate mesopredator release and a rabbit problem.
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Zhang, Jie, Bernd Thomas, Kevin Moeggenborg, Victor M. Torres, and Darren Hansen. "Progress of SiC Epitaxy on 150mm Substrates." Materials Science Forum 821-823 (June 2015): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.821-823.161.
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This paper presents the current performance of 150mm SiC epitaxy on state-of-the-art 150mm substrates. Excellent on-wafer uniformity has been achieved with mean thickness uniformity at 1.8% and mean doping uniformity at 5.4%. The epilayer surface is smooth across wafer diameter with a typical defect density below 1 cm-2. Within a run, wafer-to-wafer variation of 0.7 % for thickness and 5% for doping is demonstrated. The mean values of warp and bow after epitaxy are 35 um 15 μm, respectively. The above metrics are critical to enable cost effective production of 150mm SiC epiwafers suited for device fabrication.
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Kamiya-Matsuoka, Carlos, Nazanin Majd, Rebecca Harrison, Stephanie Knight, John Langlands, Dennis Brown, and Vinay Puduvalli. "DDDR-36. VAL-083 IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA TREATED UNDER EXPANDED ACCESS PROGRAM." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (November 1, 2022): vii107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.401.
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Abstract Current standard-of-care for glioblastoma (GBM) includes surgery followed by radiation with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide. There are limited treatment options available upon progression or recurrence of disease. Options often involve participation in clinical trials with promising new therapies. However, patients may not meet the strictly defined entry criteria to participate in these clinical trials. Under an Expanded Access (EA) program, we have treated 14 recurrent GBM patients with VAL-083, they were not eligible to participate in other clinical trials. The median time from last progression to start of VAL-083 was 1.0 month (95%CI:0.09-2.67). All patients had received chemoradiation with temozolomide. Five (5/14;36%) patients had ≥ 2 recurrences, 8/14 (57%) had multifocal disease, and the median KPS was 80 (95%CI:70-90). All patients had unmethylated MGMT promoter, 13/14 (93%) were IDH-WT, 9/14 (64%) had a TERT promoter mutation, 6/14 (43%) had a PTEN mutation, and 4/14 (28%) had an EGFR mutation. All patients received treatment with VAL-083 at 30 mg/m2 x 3 days every 21 days. Five patients with cerebral edema refractory to steroids received bevacizumab (BEV;10 mg/kg) concurrently with VAL-083, and 8 patients received dexamethasone (Dex; >4 mg/day) with VAL-083. This is the first report of the use of VAL-083 in combination with BEV (VAL-03/BEV).The main adverse event was thrombocytopenia consistent with prior experience. Four (4/14; 28%) patients had a dose reduction, 3 of which were due to thrombocytopenia. No patients had a dose reduction while receiving VAL-083/BEV. Two patients who progressed on VAL-083, were later treated with CCNU, and myelosuppression was not observed.Median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS) from last progression were 5.7 months (95%CI:1.3-7.9) and 8.3 months (95%CI:3.0-14.3), respectively. Additional treatment, safety and outcome data will be presented at the meeting.Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT03138629. EA treatment plans were approved by MD Anderson Cancer Center IRB.
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MOHAMMED, KHAIRALLAH A. S., ZAHRAA H. ABDULKAREEM, AYOOB R. ALZAALAN, and AMEL K. YAQOOB. "Spa typing of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Specimens from Outpatients in Iraq." Polish Journal of Microbiology 70, no. 1 (March 2021): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2021-007.
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is notorious as a hospital superbug and a problematic pathogen among communities. The incidence of MRSA has substantially increased over time in Iraq. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and spa types of MRSA isolates from outpatients or patients upon admission into hospitals. Various biochemical tests identified S. aureus isolates, and then this identification was confirmed by PCR using species-specific 16S rRNA primer pairs. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined against methicillin, oxacillin, and vancomycin using the disk diffusion method. Vancomycin MIC was detected by VITEK 2 compact system. All the identified isolates were screened for the presence of mecA and lukS-PV-lukF-PV genes; 36 of them were subjected to spa typing-based PCR. Out of 290 clinical samples, 65 (22.4%) were S. aureus, of which 62 (95.4%) strains were resistant to oxacillin and methicillin. Except for two isolates, all MRSA isolates were mecA positive. One of the three MSSA isolates was mecA positive. Five strains were resistant to vancomycin. Fourteen (21.5%) isolates were positive for the presence of lukS-PV-lukF-PV genes. Spa typing of 36 S. aureus isolates revealed eleven different spa types, t304 (30.3%), t307 (19.4%), t346 (8.3%), t044 (8.3%), t15595 (8.3%), t386 (5.5%), t5475 (5.5%), t17928 (2.8%), t14870 (2.8%), t021 (2.8%), and t024 (2.8%). These findings could be useful for assessing the genetic relatedness of strains in the region for epidemiological and monitoring purposes, which would be essential to limiting the spread of MRSA.
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Ayoub, Georges, Dina Elharouni, Connor Bossi, Constantin Möller, Seth Malinowski, Julia Japo, Anurag Jayant Vaidya, et al. "PATH-50. AI-POWERED AUTOMATED TISSUE SEGMENTATION IMPROVES OUTCOME STRATIFICATION IN GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_8 (November 1, 2024): viii190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae165.0749.
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Abstract Glioblastoma displays morphological heterogeneity on routine H&E whole slide images, with conflicting evidence on the reliability of morphological features in predicting tumor behavior and treatment response. However, current standards for assessing morphology and disease status rely on nonquantitative manual evaluation by pathologists, which are prone to inherent variation. We sought to (1) expand the tools available for quantitative assessment and (2) evaluate the utility of this approach in identifying valuable biomarkers. We trained a deep learning-based algorithm using DenseNet on HALO AI platform for automated segmentation of six tissue classes (heavy infiltration, mild infiltration, mesenchymal tissue, geographic necrosis, palisading necrosis, and hemorrhage) on 3232 labeled annotations from 100 whole slide images. Manual pathologists’ estimations from clinical records showed strong correlation with corresponding digital quantifications (p<0.001), and further pixel-wise validation on 828 separate annotations showed high overlap between predicted and ground truth segmentations (precision=0.88, recall= 0.85, F1-score=0.87). We then identified a longitudinal cohort of 115 newly diagnosed glioblastoma tissue paired with the recurrence post-treatment (RT/TMZ), including all 827 H&E whole slide images scanned at 40x. The quantification of longitudinally paired tissue showed a relative increase in geographic necrosis (+62%) and mild infiltration (+110%) and a relative decrease in palisading necrosis (-54%) and heavy infiltration (-35%) between the two timepoints. Patients with rapid clinical progression had more areas of large geographic necrosis (p=0.002), and mesenchymal tissue increase was associated with worse overall survival (p=0.016). Digitally quantified heavy infiltration as a predominant tissue on recurrence outperformed corresponding pathologist estimation of tumor as a predominant tissue on recurrence in stratifying overall-survival (p=0.005 vs p=0.640). Collectively, our AI-powered classifier enables an automated objective quantification of glioblastoma tissue, identifies markers of clinical response, and offers a potential adjunct to enhance routine pathologic reporting of glioblastoma.
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Katz, Matthew, and Pamela McCombe. "047 Acute lumbosacral plexopathy after blood loss in a patient with bilateral common iliac artery occlusion." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, e7 (July 2019): A16.1—A16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-anzan.42.
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IntroductionWe present a case of a 56 year old male with bilateral, asymmetric leg weakness from ischemic lumbosacral plexopathy. This followed acute blood loss from an episode of self-harm, which occurred in the setting of chronic thrombotic occlusion of bilateral common iliac artery (CIA) stents.MethodsA detailed history, examination and neurophysiology study were performed in addition to reviewing case notes and results of other investigations. A brief literature review was also completed.ResultsThe patient presented with acute blood loss following self-inflicted lacerations to his anterior neck and both wrists. He had asymmetric flaccid, areflexic weakness of his legs with decreased sensation over the right foot and absent distal leg pulses. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and whole spine was normal. Computed tomography angiogram (CTA) revealed significant distal aortic atherosclerotic disease with complete occlusion of bilateral CIA stents. The patient underwent endovascular re-stenting of both common iliac arteries with a good angiographic result. An electromyogram per-formed one month later was supportive of a lumbosacral plex-opathy, mainly on the right.Only three cases of acute ischemic lumbosacral plexopathy have been reported in the setting of aorto-iliac occlusive disease.1–3ConclusionIschemic injury to the lumbosacral plexus is rare, especially outside the surgical setting as seen in this case. It is important to consider this cause in any patient presenting with rapid onset asymmetric, bilateral leg weakness as early recognition and reperfusion may prevent further damage and reduce long-term disability.ReferencesSchreuder AH, Fennis TF, Teijink JA, Koehler PJ. Lumbosacral plexopathy associated with aortoiliac occlusive disease. J Neurol. 2007;254(6):803–5.Chhetri SK, Lekwuwa G, Seriki D, Majeed T. Acute flaccid paraparesis secondary to bilateral ischaemic lumbosacral plexopathy. QJM. 2013;106(5):463–5.Yun S. Ischaemic lumbosacral plexopathy following an acute thrombosed abdominal aortic aneurysm mimicking stroke: A case report. Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2016;23(2):52–6.
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Biswas, Riya, Piyush Bugde, Ji He, Fabrice Merien, Jun Lu, Dong-Xu Liu, Khine Myint, Johnson Liu, Mark McKeage, and Yan Li. "Transport-Mediated Oxaliplatin Resistance Associated with Endogenous Overexpression of MRP2 in Caco-2 and PANC-1 Cells." Cancers 11, no. 9 (September 8, 2019): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11091330.
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Our recent publications showed that multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2, encoded by the ABCC2 gene) conferred oxaliplatin resistance in human liver cancer HepG2 cells. However, the contribution of MRP2 to oxaliplatin resistance remains unclear in colorectal and pancreatic cancer lines. We investigated the effects of silencing MRP2 by siRNA on oxaliplatin accumulation and sensitivity in human colorectal cancer Caco-2 cells and pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells. We characterized the effects of oxaliplatin on MRP2 ATPase activities using membrane vesicles. Over-expression of MRP2 (endogenously in Caco-2 and PANC-1 cells) was associated with decreased oxaliplatin accumulation and cytotoxicity, but those deficits were reversed by inhibition of MRP2 with myricetin or siRNA knockdown. Silencing MRP2 by siRNA increased oxaliplatin-induced apoptotic rate in Caco-2 and PANC-1 cells. Oxaliplatin stimulated MRP2 ATPase activity with a concentration needed to reach 50% of the maximal stimulation (EC50) value of 8.3 ± 0.7 µM and Hill slope 2.7. In conclusion, oxaliplatin is a substrate of MRP2 with possibly two binding sites, and silencing MRP2 increased oxaliplatin accumulation and cytotoxicity in two widely available gastrointestinal tumour lines (PANC-1 and Caco-2).