Academic literature on the topic '81’25(73) (043.5)'

Room-temperature single-crystal X-ray studies are recorded for a number of adducts of BiX3 and N,N′-bidentate ligand (2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen)), devoid of coordinated solvent. BiBr3/bpy/MeCN (1 : 1 : 1) is triclinic P-1, a 12·129(2), b 9·955(4), c 7·748(1) Å, α 73·14(2), β 77·34(1), γ 69·79(2)°, Z = 2; conventional R on |F| was 0·036 for No 2252 independent ‘observed’ (I > 3σ(I)) reflections. The phen analogue is isomorphous, a 11·586(3), b 10·839(6), c 7·769(10) Å, α 73·70(7), β 76·67(7), γ 70·34(4)°, Z = 2, R 0·042 for No 800. BiI3/bpy (1 : 1) is triclinic, P-1, a 11·742(4), b 9·261(1), c 8·261(3) Å, α 86·46(2), β 71·48(3), γ 67·25(2)°, Z = 2, R 0·043 for No 1164. All complexes are centrosymmetric binuclear [(N,N′-bidentate)X2Bi(µ-X)2BiX2(N,N′-bidentate)] with six-coordinate pseudo-octahedral bismuth(III). Attempts to produce a chloride analogue have resulted, in the case of N,N′-bidentate = bpy, in a novel adduct of BiCl3/bpy 1 : 1·5 stoichiometry, monoclinic, P21/c, a 9·377(8), b 17·699(5), c 21·58(1) Å, β 107·82(6)°, Z = 8, R 0·055 for No 1804. The complex is [(bpy)2Cl2Bi(µ-Cl)BiCl3(bpy)], containing seven- and six-coordinate bismuth. Bands in the far-infrared spectra due to the v(BiX) vibrations in [(bpy)2Cl2Bi(µ-Cl)BiCl3(bpy)] and [(bpy)I2Bi(µ-I2)BiI2(bpy)] are assigned and discussed in relation to the structures of the complexes.

En el manglar de Barra de Tecoanapa, Guerrero, se estudió la fenología reproductiva, establecimiento de los propágulos y supervivencia de las plantas hasta alcanzar la primera floración en Rhizophora mangle. Se observó la producción continua de flores y propágulos a lo largo del año, con estacionalidad marcada en la época seca (máximo) y de lluvias (mínimo). La producción anual en los bosques fue de 101.7 flores /m2 y 2.1 propágulos /m2. La duración completa de la floración hasta la maduración de los propágulos se estimó en 357 (DE 33) días; de los que 226 (DE 29) días comprenden el desarrollo de los propágulos. De 2 043 flores marcadas se obtuvieron 394 propágulos, siendo la etapa de floración y la época seca las más críticas, durante las que se perdió hasta un 45% de flores iniciales (prueba Spearman). El establecimiento de los propá-gulos se realizó en 17(DE 5) días con un 96% de éxito, a los 58 y 73 meses alcanzaron la floración, con el 16 y 28.5% de las plantas en sombra y sol respectivamente (Log-rank test), observando el mejor desarrollo, en términos de altura alcanzada, en las expuestas al sol. La influencia de las mareas fue un factor decisivo, mientras que la aparición de las ramas y raíces aéreas determinó la supervivencia en los sitios.

Background Patients with a Trauma Injury Severity Score (TRISS) < .5 are termed “unexpected survivors.” There is scarce information published on this subset of geriatric patients whose survival is an anomaly. Methods This is a retrospective case-control study examining all geriatric patients (age ≥65) not expected to survive (TRISS<.5) in the Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study (PTOS) database from 2013 to 2017. Primary outcome was survival to discharge. We selected 10 clinically important variables for logistic regression analysis as possible factors that may improve survival. Results 1336 patients were included, 395 (29.6%) were unexpected survivors. Factors that improved survival odds are the following: Place of injury: street/highway (AOR:0.51; 95% CI: .36-.73, P < .001) and residential institution (AOR:0.46; 95% CI: .21-.98, P = .043); and presence of Benzodiazepines (AOR:0.49; 95% CI: .31-.77, P = .002) or ethanol (AOR:0.57; 95% CI: .34-.97, P = .040). Factors that decreased survival odds are the following: Hypotension (AOR: 8.59; 95% CI: 4.33-17.01, P < .001) and hypothermia (AOR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.10-2.28, P = .014). Gender, race/ethnicity, blood transfusion in first 24 hours, shift of presentation to Emergency Department, place of injury (farm, industrial, recreational, or public building), use of Tetrahydrocannabinol, amphetamines or opioids, and level of trauma activation did not impact survival. Discussion Location of injury (street/highway and residential institution) and ethanol or benzodiazepine use led to a significant increased survival in severely injured geriatric patients. Hypotension and hypothermia led to decreased survival. Future studies should determine possible reasons these factors lead to survival (and identify additional factors) to focus efforts in these areas to improve outcomes in geriatric trauma.

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose was to examine the associations among body weight status, blood pressure and daily Na intake among grade 7 students from south-western Ontario, Canada.DesignCross-sectional. Data were collected using the Food Behaviour Questionnaire, including a 24 h diet recall. Measured height and weight were used to determine BMI. Blood pressure was taken manually using mercury sphygmomanometers.SettingTwenty-six schools in south-western Ontario, Canada.SubjectsGrade 7 students (n1068).ResultsBody weight status indicated 1 % were underweight, 56 % normal weight, 23 % overweight and 20 % were obese. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 108·3 (sd10·3) mmHg and 66·0 (sd7·5) mmHg, respectively, and mean Na intake was 2799 (sd1539) mg/d. Bivariate analyses suggested that SBP (P< 0·001) and DBP (P< 0·001) were significantly different by body weight status, yet no associations were observed for Na. Adjusted for gender, ethnicity and under-reporting, participants were more likely to be overweight/obese if they had higher SBP (v.lower: OR = 1·06, 95 % CI 1·05, 1·08,P< 0·001), higher DBP (v.lower: OR = 1·02, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·04,P= 0·043) and higher intakes of Na (3rdv.1st quartile: OR = 1·72, 95 % CI 1·14, 2·59,P= 0·009; 4thv.1st quartile: OR = 2·88, 95 % CI, 1·76, 4·73,P< 0·001).ConclusionsHigh intakes of Na, coupled with high SBP and DBP, were associated with overweight and obesity status among the grade 7 sample from south-western Ontario, Canada.

e17003 Background: ASCT is part of standard treatment in multiple myeloma (MM).We report the results of such transplants and evaluate the role of prognostic factors if any in our patients. Methods: Sixty-one patients who underwent ASCT between June 1993 and March 2010 were included. Twenty four patients received VAD like regimen. Nineteen patients received novel agent based therapies. Ten patients underwent cyclophosphamide based mobilisation while only G-CSF based mobilisation done in 51 patients. Stem cells were harvested from peripheral blood in all patients. Melphalan was used at 200 mg/m2 in 24 patients. Prognostic factors evaluated for overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were baseline hemoglobin and albumin, ISS stage, disease status at day 100 post transplant, use of maintenance treatment post transplant, response to first line chemotherapy, use of novel agents before transplant and time to transplant from diagnosis. Results: Median age was 46 years. Median baseline haemoglobin (Hb) and albumin were 9.7 g/dl and 3.9 g/dl respectively. At the time of transplant 36% were in complete remission (CR), 5% in very good partial response (VGPR) and 28% in partial remission (PR). Median time to engraftment of neutrophils and platelets was 12 and 17 days respectively. Grade III–IV oral mucositis was seen in 35%. Transplant related mortality was 8.0 %. The 5 year overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were 73% and 33% respectively. OS was better for patients with pre-transplant Hb greater than 9.7 g/dl (P= .04) and those who achieved CR at day 100 post transplant (P= .03). Patients who received maintenance therapy showed trend towards better OS (P= .07). PFS was better for patients with baseline albumin greater than 3.9g/dl (P = .043), Hb greater than 9.7 g/dl (P = .027) and early stage disease by ISS staging system (P=.001). Conclusions: Our study confirms that ASCT in such patients is safe and effective. Baseline albumin and Hb, ISS stage, day 100 disease response and use of maintenance treatment are important prognostic factors affecting survival.

Abstract Objective This study retrospectively characterized the immune infiltrating profile in nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PanNETs). Methods Tumor tissues from the 109-patient Fudan cohort and a 73-patient external validation set were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for 9 immune cell types: tumor-infiltrating neutrophils (TINs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), CD11c+ dendritic cells, anti-NCR1+ natural killer (NK) cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, CD45RO+ memory T cells, FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), and CD20+ B cells. Results TINs were primarily distributed in the intratumoral area, dendritic cells and NK cells were scattered evenly in intratumoral and stromal areas, and Tregs were rarely detected. The remaining 5 cell types were primarily present in peritumoral stroma. Total TINs (P &lt; .001) and TAMs (P = .002) increased as NF-PanNET grade rose. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that high intratumoral TINs, total TAMs, and stromal CD4+ T-cell infiltration correlated with shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS, P = .010, P = .027, and P = .035, respectively) and overall survival (OS, P = .017, P = .029, and P = .045, respectively). Additionally, high intratumoral CD8+ T cell infiltration correlated with prolonged RFS (P = .039). Multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that intratumoral TINs, World Health Organization (WHO) classification, and eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer tumor-node-metastasis staging system (AJCC8th TNM) were independent factors for RFS (P = .043, P = .023, and P = .029, respectively), whereas intratumoral TINs and WHO classification were independent factors for OS (P = .010 and P = .007, respectively). Furthermore, the combination of TINs, WHO classification, and AJCC8th TNM remarkably improved prognostic accuracy for RFS. These results have been verified in the external validation set. Conclusion Intratumoral TINs are an independent and unfavorable predictor of postoperative NF-PanNETs. A combination of TINs, WHO classification, and AJCC8th TNM could improve prognostic accuracy for RFS.

Room-temperature single-crystal X-ray studies are recorded for a number of ‘acid salts’ formed between Group 1 salts of 4-nitrophenol, M(4-np), and the parent ligand 4-npH, variously hydrated. The 1 : 1 salts M(4-np)(4-npH).x H2O are found for all of M = Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs. The lithium adduct (tetrahydrate) is monoclinic, C2/c, a 19·438(4), b 11·207(2), c 7·421(2) Å, β 91·38(2)°, Z = 4, conventional R on |F| being 0·043 for 1369 independent ‘observed’ (I > 3σ(I)) diffractometer reflections. The sodium adduct (dihydrate) is monoclinic, C2, a 2·174(3), b 3·674(2), c 10·358(1) Å, β 117·21(1)°, Z = 2, R 0·035 for No 1092; the potassium adduct (monohydrate) is monoclinic, C 2/c, a 22·10(1), b 3·798(3), c 21·270(6) Å, β 120·97(4)°, Z = 4, R 0·050 for No 1065. The isomorphous rubidium and caesium monohydrates are triclinic, P-1, a ≈ 11·9, b ≈ 10·2,c ≈ 6·3 Å, α ≈ 90, β ≈ 92, γ ≈ 112°, Z = 2, R 0·042, 0·028 for No 2340, 3053 respectively. For M = Rb, a 1 : 3 adduct Rb(4-np).3(4-npH) is also obtained (with an isomorphous thallium counterpart recorded elsewhere): a 12·143(5), b 11·50(1), c 11·36(1) Å, α 114·38(9), β 110·54(6), γ 96·73(6)°, Z = 2, R 0·034 for No 3945. The lithium salt may be represented as [Li(OH2)4]+ (4-npH.4-np)½-. The cation lies disposed about a crystallographic 2 axis; the anion, close to an axis, confronts its rotational image, with the associated hydrogen atom modelled as disordered between them, rather than located on the 2 axis. The sodium salt is a sheet structure, the six-coordinate sodium atoms being disposed on a crystallographic 2 axis and linked up that axis ... Na(µ-O)2Na(µ-O)2Na ... by bridging water molecule oxygen atoms, while symmetry-related trans O-nitrophenoxide moieties are bridged by confronting phenoxide oxygen atoms about an associated hydrogen atom provisionally disposed on a 2 axis also. The potassium salt structure is developed from this array, modelled with disordered potassium atoms, now lying off the 2 axis, 0·922(2) Å apart. In the rubidium/caesium structure, columns of oxygen-bridged metal ions are disposed about c, crosslinked by O-nitro-bonded phenoxide moieties, with confronting phenoxide oxygen atoms about a shared associated hydrogen.

Abstract VNP40101M (Cloretazine®) is a novel sulfonylhydrazine alkylating agent which preferentially targets the O6 position of guanine resulting in DNA cross-links. Data from a previously reported phase II multi-center single agent study (CLI-033) in patients ≥60 years old with newly diagnosed AML or high risk MDS showed an overall response rate of 31% after VNP40101M induction (Giles, 2007). Subgroup analysis showed significant activity in 54 elderly patients with de novo AML with 24 patients (45%) achieving a complete response (CR) or CRp (CI: 30.9;58.6). Subsequently a confirmatory phase II study of single agent VNP40101M was conducted in elderly patients with poor risk de novo AML (CLI-043). Patients received induction therapy with 600 mg/m2 VNP40101M as a 60-minute infusion on day 1. A second induction cycle could be administered to patients with a partial response or hematologic improvement. Patients with CR or CRp received consolidation with cytarabine 400mg/m2/day CIV for 5 days. Patients were eligible if they were ≥60 yrs and had one of the following poor risk factors: age ≥70 yrs, ECOG PS 2, unfavorable cytogenetics, or cardiac, pulmonary or hepatic dysfunction. Patients with a prior diagnosis of MDS or favorable cytogenetics were excluded. A 2-stage optimal minimax design was employed with a target response rate of 35%. The study proceeded to the 2nd stage when >8 responses were confirmed. At least 22 responses in 77 patients are required to accept the hypothesis of a 35% target response rate. Eighty-five patients were treated as of August 14, 2007. Median age (range): 73 yrs (61– 86 y); male: 59%. The majority of patients (79%) had 2 or more risk factors. The most common risk factors were age ≥70 (78%), unfavorable cytogenetics (45%, half with complex karyotype), ECOG PS 2 (41%) and cardiac dysfunction (38%). Thirty VNP40101M-related serious adverse events (SAE) have been reported to date in 22 of 85 patients. The most common SAEs are myelosuppression or complications thereof (pancytopenia (10%), infection (47%)). Non-hematologic SAEs consist of the following gr.3 events: left ventricular dysfunction (1), transaminitis (1), confusion (1), seizure (1), rash (1), hypokalemia (1), weakness (1) and hypoxia/pleural effusion (2). Seventy-nine patients are currently evaluable for early death analysis. Of these, 12 patients (15%) and 16 patients (20%) died at ≤30 days and ≤42 days from first induction therapy, respectively. The most common causes of induction death were progression of disease (6) and infection (6). Other causes were tumor lysis syndrome (1), acute renal failure (1), and respiratory failure (2). A confirmatory Phase II single-agent study of VNP40101M shows anti-leukemia activity in elderly patients with de novo AML and multiple poor-risk features. Major toxicities include myelosuppression. Severe drug-related non-hematological toxicity is uncommon. Patients continue in follow up, and additional safety and response data is pending.

Abstract Introduction Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective treatments for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) in terms of response rates and clinical outcomes including overall survival (OS). The purpose of this study was to compare OS in each age group with newly diagnosed CML-CP compared to that of general population in the same age group in the era of multiple TKIs. Methods Response and survival data for 483 patients (pts) with newly diagnosed CML-CP who enrolled in five consecutive or parallel prospective clinical trials of imatinib at a dose of 400 mg or 800 mg daily, imatinib at a dose of 800 mg with pegylated interferon, dasatinib, or nilotinib were analyzed. The pts were divided into groups by age at diagnosis, as follows: 15-45 years; 45-65 years; 65-85 years; over 65 years. All pts, regardless of age, were divided into the following response groups within 1 year of treatment: complete cytogenetic response (CCyR); major molecular response (MMR); MR4.5 defined as more than or equal to 4.5 log reduction of BCR-ABL on the international scale; or complete molecular response (CMR). Pts also were assessed for OS, event-free survival (EFS), transformation-free survival (TFS), and failure-free survival (FFS). OS was dated from the start of therapy until death from any cause at any time. EFS was calculated from the start of therapy to loss of complete hematologic response, loss of major cytogenetic response, transformation to accelerated (AP) or blast phase (BP), or death from any cause during study therapy. TFS was calculated from the start of therapy to transformation to AP or BP, or death during study therapy. FFS was calculated from the start of imatinib, dasatinib or nilotinib to an event (as defined above), discontinuation for any reason, or death. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate OS, EFS, TFS, and FFS. A log-rank test was used for univariate comparisons. Pvalues of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Five-year relative survival rates were calculated from the five-year absolute OS divided by the estimated five-year OS in the general population. Estimated OS rates in the U.S. general population were obtained from national vital statistics reports for the year 2009. Results Of the 483 pts analyzed in the study, 271 were treated with imatinib, 101 with nilotinib, and 111 with dasatinib. The age breakdown was as follows: 15-45 years, 197 pts; 45-65 years, 222 pts; 65-85 years, 64 pts; over 65 years, 64 pts. No pts older than 85 years were enrolled in this study. Sokal risk score at diagnosis, and type of TKI treatment were analyzed by age group, cumulative best response, and five-year OS, EFS, TFS, and FFS, and the results are summarized in Table 1. Five-year OS in the general population, relative five-year OS in all age groups, and relative five-year OS by response group are also described in Table 1. As expected, 5-year OS decreased with increasing age groups, but for all age groups OS was similar to 5-year OS in the corresponding age group in the general population. 5-year OS in pts of ages 15-85 who achieved CCyR or better was similar to that in the general population. Conclusion In the era of TKIs, the OS rates in pts with newly diagnosed CML-CP in all age groups are only slightly lower to that of general population. However, the OS rates in pts who achieved CCyR or better within 1 year of treatment is similar to that of general population. Table 1. Patient Characteristics and Outcomes by Age Group Age 15-45 [n= 197] No. (%) Age 45-65 [n= 222] No. (%) Age 65-85 [n= 64] No. (%) P Sokal Risk Score .419 Low 129 (65) 158 (71) 48 (75) Intermediate 56 (28) 48 (22) 12 (19) High 12 (6) 16 (7) 4 (6) Type of TKIs .364 Imatinib 113 (57) 116 (52) 42 (66) Nilotinib 42 (21) 50 (23) 9 (14) Dasatinib 42 (21) 56 (25) 13 (20) Cumulative Best Response CMR 91 (46) 124 (56) 33 (52) .142 MR4.5 127 (64) 158 (71) 47 (73) .230 MMR 162 (82) 197 (89) 54 (84) .162 CCyR 171 (87) 208 (94) 59 (92) .048 5-y Outcome (%) FFS 77.9 74.5 60.6 .043 TFS 93.8 93.4 87.4 .224 EFS 81.0 89.2 78.9 .094 OS 96.2 93.5 80.1 < .001 5-y Absolute OS 5-y Relative OS 5-y OS in General Population Age Group (%) Ages 15-45 96.2 96.9 99.3 Ages 45-65 93.5 97.1 96.3 Ages 65-85 80.1 97.1 82.5 Ages 15-85 92.7 98.2 94.4 Ages 15-85 by Response (%) CCyR within 1 year 97.3 103.1 94.4 MMR within 1 year 97.9 103.7 94.4 MR4.5 within 1 year 97.1 102.9 94.4 CMR within 1 year 96.7 102.4 94.4 Disclosures Jabbour: Ariad, Novartis, BMS, Pfizer, and Teva : Consultancy. Kantarjian:ARIAD, Pfizer, Amgen: Research Funding.

Abstract Adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle may be a useful primary and secondary prevention strategy for chronic kidney disease (CKD). This cross-sectional study aimed to explore adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle and its association with cardiometabolic markers and kidney function in 99 people aged 73⋅2 ± 10⋅5 years with non-dialysis dependant CKD (stages 3–5) at a single Australian centre. Adherence was assessed using an a priori index, the Mediterranean Lifestyle (MEDLIFE) index. Cardiometabolic markers (total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HbA1c and random blood glucose) and kidney function (estimated GFR) were sourced from medical records and blood pressure measured upon recruitment. Overall, adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle was moderate to low with an average MEDLIFE index score of 11⋅33 ± 3⋅31. Adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle was associated with employment (r 0⋅30, P = 0⋅004). Mediterranean dietary habits were associated with cardiometabolic markers, such as limiting sugar in beverages was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure (r 0⋅32, P = 0⋅002), eating in moderation with favourable random blood glucose (r 0⋅21, P = 0⋅043), having more than two snack foods per week with HbA1c (r 0⋅29, P = 0⋅037) and LDL-cholesterol (r 0⋅41, P = 0⋅002). Interestingly, eating in company was associated with a lower frequency of depression (χ2 5⋅975, P = 0⋅015). To conclude, Mediterranean dietary habits were favourably associated with cardiometabolic markers and management of some comorbidities in this group of people with non-dialysis dependent CKD.