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Sulaiman, Sulaiman, and April Gunawan. "PENGUJIAN TURBIN ANGIN DENGAN VARIASI KECEPATAN ANGIN, PUTARAN MOTOR DAN PUTARAN GENERATOR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEROWONGAN ANGIN JENIS HORIZONTAL 3 BLADE." Jurnal Teknologi dan Vokasi 1, no. 1 (January 25, 2023): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21063/jtv.2023.1.1.6.
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Wind tunnel (Terowongan) angin adalah peralatan uji berstruktur tabung dimana udara dipaksa melaju dengan sangat kencang yang mana untuk mempelajari efek aliranaerodinamis pada suatu objek benda, untuk melakukan pengujian menggunakan blade yang mana angin yang dipakai dengan kecepatan 3,4,5 dan 6 m/s. jenis blade dengan bahan kayu pinus, dengan Naca 4412, blade Naca 4412 dengan bahan resin epoxsy 70% + fiber glass 30%, blade Naca 4412 dengan bahan resin epoxsy 70% + fiber gllas 18% + serabut kelapa 12%, blade Naca 4712 dengan bahan resin epoxsy 70% + fiber glass 18% + serabut kelapa 12% dan blade Naca 5513 dengan bahan resin epoxsy 70% + fiber glass 18% + serabut kelapa 12%, Jenis Blade resin epoksi + fiber glass + coir Naca 4412 blade yang paling tinggi putarannya dibandingkan jenis blade yang lainnya yang telah di uji,dimana putaran generator pada kecepatan angin 3 m/s putaran generaotor yang telah di hitung rata-rata nya mencapai 545.29 Rpm, kecepatan angin 4 m/s putaran generator 708.9 Rpm, pada kecepatan angin 5 m/s putaran generator 928.94 Rpm, dan pada kecepatan angin 6 m/s putaran generator 928.94 Rpm.
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Chen, Yi Feng, Jun Wu Kan, Shu Yun Wang, Fang Sheng Huang, and Ping Zeng. "Experimental Study on a Gyromagnetic Piezo-Cantilever Generator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 394 (September 2013): 416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.394.416.
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To meet the demands of the rotating structure for self-power, a novel gyromagnetic piezo-cantilever generator (GPCG) excited by the coupling between rotating magnets and those fixed on piezo-cantilever was presented. The influence of magnetic force (number and configuration of the magnets) and rotating speed on energy generation of the GPCG was investigated experimentally. The research results show that there are 9 optimal rotating speeds for the GPCG to achieve peak voltage at speed range of 0-1390r/min. With 1 magnet (ø12x2mm3) fixed on piezo-cantilever, the increasing number of rotating magnets (ø12x4mm3) in the same place (ns) of the rotator exerts no influence on the optimal rotating speeds, but leads to rising output voltage. At 1042.5r/min, the achieved peak voltages from the GPCG in the case ofns=1/2/4/6 are 13.2/16.6/23.8/27.8V respectively. The optimal speeds decrease and the peak voltage rises with the increasing number of magnets evenly distributed on the rotator (nd). In the case of 1 magnet fixed on piezo-cantilever andnd=1/2/4/8, the optimal rotating speeds and the peek voltages from the GPCG are 708.9/528.2/528.2/264.1r/min and 13.2/16.6/23.8/27.8V respectively.
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Kim, Joseph, Joon Ki Min, Se Young Kim, Myung Hun Yoon, and Hee Seung Chin. "Clinical Characteristics of Lamellar Macular Hole Subtypes: Degenerative and Tractional." Journal of Ophthalmology 2021 (November 20, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5610199.
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Purpose. To analyze clinical parameters of two subtypes of lamellar macular hole (LMH): degenerative and tractional. Methods. This retrospective chart review study included patients monitored for more than 6 months after the initial diagnosis of LMH from January 2011 to January 2018. LMH was classified in two subtypes: degenerative and tractional. The following parameters between both subtypes were assessed: central subfield thickness (CST), maximum inner diameter (MID), maximum outer diameter (MOD), MID/MOD ratio, inner and outer segment (IS/OS) junction disruption, residual retinal thickness (RRT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anatomical progression rate, and percentage of patients undergoing surgery. Results. This study included 51 eyes with a mean follow-up period of 18.94 months: 33 eyes with tractional LMH and 18 eyes with degenerative LMH. MID was not significantly different between both subtypes but MOD was significantly greater in tractional LMH than degenerative types (tractional, 1131.6 μm; degenerative, 708.9 μm; p < 0.001). The MID were significantly increased in degenerative eyes, while the tractional eyes featured a significant increase in MOD. BCVA was not significantly different between both subtypes at baseline and the last follow-up. Epiretinal membrane presence was significantly different between the two subtypes (tractional, 96.9%; degenerative, 22.2%; p < 0.001). Ellipsoid defect and rate of receiving surgery were not significantly different between both subtypes. The anatomical progression rate in tractional eyes (81.8%) was significantly higher than that of degenerative LMH (27.7%) ( p = 0.010). The SFCT was correlated to anatomical progression in the tractional LMH (correlation coefficient = 0.351, p = 0.049) but not in the degenerative LMH. During the follow-up period, 4 eyes (22.2%) of the degenerative LMH and 11 eyes (33.3%) of the tractional LMH underwent surgery. Conclusions. We found that greater SFCT at baseline was correlated to anatomical progression of tractional LMH. Therefore, it is expected that SFCT could be used as a biomarker to predict anatomical progression in tractional LMH.
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Wang, Yin-Xin, Kun Qin, Rui Wang, Wen-Li Zhang, and Qi-Di Zhong. "Crystal structure of (E)-1-(4-benzyl-3,5-dioxomorpholin-2-ylidene)ethyl acetate, C15H15N1O5." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 237, no. 2 (January 19, 2022): 217–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-2021-0450.
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Abstract C15H15N1O5, triclinic, P 1 ‾ $P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 5.075(4) Å, b = 11.147(8) Å, c = 13.319(9) Å, α = 106.064(10)°, β = 96.091(11)°, γ = 98.189(10)°, V = 708.2(9) Å3, Z = 2, R gt (F) = 0.0444, wR ref (F 2) = 0.1581, T = 296 K.
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P.U., Lukpata, Abraham A, Adugba A.O, Ode A.I., and Otashu K.F. "Anti-inflammatory effects of khaya senegalensis bark and tinospora cordifolia leaf extracts on striatal ischemic injury in rats." KIU Journal of Health Sciences 4, no. 1 (May 23, 2024): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.59568/kjhs-2024-4-1-04.
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The striatal synaptic pathways play a crucial role in the functioning of the basal ganglia and are an essential part of the cortical-basal ganglia loops that regulate motor function, emotion, and cognition. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential therapeutic benefits of extracts from the leaves of Tinospora cordifolia (TC) and Khaya senegalensis (KS) on striatal ischemia injury resulting from amitriptyline (AMT). Eleven groups (n = 5) comprising fifty-five adult male Wistar rats weighing between 184 and 254 g were created: Distilled water (2 milliliters per kilogram) was used as a control. The groups that included AMT (750 mg/kg), KS (200 mg/kg) + AMT, KS (300 mg/kg) + AMT, KS (400 mg/kg) + AMT; TC (200 mg/kg) + AMT; TC (300 mg/kg) + AMT; TC (400 mg/kg) + AMT; COM (200 mg/kg) + AMT; COM (300 mg/kg) + AMT and COM (400 mg/kg) + AMT. Treatment was given orally for a period of 14 days. Rats were neck dislocated to stop the experiment and brain tissues were removed and preserved in 10% buffered formal saline. TNF- α result showed a significant increase (p<0.05) by 708.9±28.05δ in AMT-treated rats compared to the control (324.8±7.58). And decreased significantly (328.5±5.24α, 380.4±3.43δ and 375.3±5.50δ) in the treated groups compared to AMT-treated rats. Normal cytoarchitecture of the striatal cells was intact in the control group. AMT rates (Ischemic stroke rats) revealed neurodegenerative changes, characterized by cellular hypertrophy and perivascular edema, and proliferation of reactive astrocytes and microglia. However, the treatment of KS, TC, and COM KS+TC remarkably ameliorates striatal cell degeneration by preserving striatal cell cytoarchitecture, especially with COM KS+TC 400 mg/kg treatment. Findings suggest that COM KS+TC possesses anti-inflammatory properties, which could be of potential benefit in the treatment and management of ischemic stroke.
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Zheng, Shiyi, Buhao Zhang, Xuejian Liu, Zhongming Chen, Zhengren Huang, and Jie Yin. "β→α Phase Transformation and Properties of Solid-State-Sintered SiC Ceramics with TaC Addition." Materials 16, no. 10 (May 17, 2023): 3787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16103787.
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Dense SiC-based composite ceramics were fabricated by means of the ex situ addition of TaC using solid-state spark plasma sintering (SPS). Commercially available β-SiC and TaC powders were chosen as raw materials. Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis was conducted to investigate the grain boundary mapping of SiC-TaC composite ceramics. With the increase in TaC, the misorientation angles of the α-SiC phase shifted to a relatively small range. It was deduced that the ex situ pinning stress from TaC greatly suppressed the growth of α-SiC grains. The low β→α transformability of the specimen with the composition of SiC-20 vol.% TaC (ST-4) implied that a possible microstructure of newly nucleated α-SiC embedded within metastable β-SiC grains, which could have been responsible for the improvement in strength and fracture toughness. The as-sintered SiC-20 vol.% TaC (ST-4) composite ceramic had a relative density of 98.0%, a bending strength of 708.8 ± 28.7 MPa, a fracture toughness of 8.3 ± 0.8 MPa·m1/2, an elastic modulus of 384.9 ± 28.3 GPa and a Vickers hardness of 17.5 ± 0.4 GPa.
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Bouillon-Minois, Jean-Baptiste, David Thivel, Carolyne Croizier, Éric Ajebo, Sébastien Cambier, Gil Boudet, Oluwaseun John Adeyemi, et al. "The Negative Impact of Night Shifts on Diet in Emergency Healthcare Workers." Nutrients 14, no. 4 (February 16, 2022): 829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14040829.
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Despite the consequences of night-shift work, the diet of night-shift workers has not been widely studied. To date, there are no studies related to food intake among emergency healthcare workers (HCWs). We performed a prospective observational study to assess the influence of night work on the diet of emergency HCWs. We monitored 24-h food intake during a day shift and the consecutive night, and during night work and the daytime beforehand. We analyzed 184 emergency HCWs’ food intakes. Emergency HCWs had 14.7% lower (−206 kcal) of their 24-h energy intake during night shifts compared to their day-shift colleagues (1606.7 ± 748.2 vs. 1400.4 ± 708.3 kcal, p = 0.049) and a 16.7% decrease in water consumption (1451.4 ± 496.8 vs. 1208.3 ± 513.9 mL/day, p = 0.010). Compared to day shifts, night-shift had 8.7% lower carbohydrates, 17.6% proteins, and 18.7% lipids. During the night shift the proportion of emergency HCWs who did not drink for 4 h, 8 h and 12 h increased by 20.5%, 17.5%, and 9.1%, respectively. For those who did not eat for 4 h, 8 h and 12 h increased by 46.8%, 27.7%, and 17.7%, respectively. A night shift has a huge negative impact on both the amount and quality of nutrients consumed by emergency healthcare workers.
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Wendorff, Marco, and Caroline Röhr. "Neue gemischte Zinn-reiche Erdalkalimetall-Stannide – Synthese, Strukturchemie und chemische Bindung / New Mixed Tin-rich Alkaline Earth Stannides – Synthesis, Structural Chemistry and Chemical Bonding." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 66, no. 3 (March 1, 2011): 245–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2011-0306.
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Ternary mixed Ca/Ba-Sr pentastannides AIISn5 (AII = Ca, Sr, Ba) have been synthesized from stoichiometric mixtures of the elements or from tin-rich melts. The crystal structures of two new compounds of overall composition ASn5 (A = Sr, Ba) were determined by means of single-crystal X-ray data. The structures of both Sr0.94Ba0.06Sn5 (monoclinic, space group C2/m, a = 1762.8(11), b = 704.1(3), c = 1986(2) pm, β = 100.31(6)º, Z = 14, R1 = 0.0996) and Sr0.89Ba0.11Sn5 (orthorhombic, space group Cmcm, a = 708.1(2), b = 1770.4(8), c = 2781.6(11) pm, Z = 20 , R1 = 0.0821) are closely related and can be described by different stacking sequences of comparable nets. They both resemble the structural features of the tristannides AIISn3 in forming dimers and trimers of facesharing Sn6-octahedra, which are further connected via common corners. According to the higher tin content, the rods formed of the octahedra are interspersed by additional Sn atoms, which themselves show a bonding situation resembling the structure of elementary tin. The complex tin network formed by the strong Sn-Sn bonds alone can be regarded as a cutout of the hexagonal diamond structure. In this view, the similarities of the title compounds to the known binary stannides BaSn5 and SrSn4 become apparent. The phase widths of the latter have been investigated and shown to reach up to Sr0.37Ba0.63Sn5 (BaSn5 type, hexagonal, space group P6/mmm, a = 536.8(2), c = 695.2(3) pm, R1 = 0.0312) and Sr0.79Ca0.21Sn4 (SrSn4 type, orthorhombic, space group Cmcm, a = 461.7(3), b = 1714.1(14), c = 706.7(4) pm, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0861), respectively. The total density of states calculated for the orthorhombic pentastannide within the FP-LAPW DFT band structure approach shows a broad minimum at the Fermi level, which can be explained using the Zintl and the Wade/Jemmis electron counting rules.
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Hamid Abdullah, Ali, Fouad Manhar Alkam, and Ali Waheed Abbas. "Studying the quality of the main outfall drain water in Al Qadisiyah area and its suitability for some agricultural uses / Iraq." University of Thi-Qar Journal of Science 6, no. 4 (June 25, 2018): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32792/utq/utjsci/v6i4.68.
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The present study was conducted for the period from November 2011 to October 2012. Three sites were identified in this study to measure some of the physical and chemical properties of the main outfall drain water, the passer Al-Qadisiyah Governorate to determine the quality of the public water, physical and chemical, and its suitability for irrigation. The results of the current study showed that the values of the air temperature ranged between (4 - 45 C°) and water (9.5-30C°). The pH values were bent to the basic side and ranged from (7.7-8.4), dissolved oxygen values (5.1-10.8) mg / l and electrical conductivity was ranged from(3380-11520) μs / cm, Salinity ranged between(2.1 -7.3g / L), where water is classified as oligohalic, The total dissolved solids values ranged between (3310 - 7650) mg / L. The high alkalinity in the study , total alkalinity ranged from (1140 -2280mg CaCo3/ L), Calcium ions were recorded (131.4 -320-mg CaCo3 / L), and Magnesium (135.9-401.2 mg CaCo3/ L). The values of sodium exceeded the Iraqi and international standard limits and ranged between (708.7-1256mg/l), Potassium values ranged between (13.3 -28.2mg / L), The values of chloride were high, ranging between (849.7 -1939.3mg / L) and sulphate (734.8-1074.2) mg / l), The ratio of sodium adsorption exceeded the permissible limits for irrigation of agricultural crops according to the classification of the American salinity laboratory (1954) ranging from (35.973.5 %). The results of the study showed that the MOD water is physically and chemically unfit for the determinants.
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Ross, Sharona B., Shlomi Rayman, Ja’Karri Thomas, George Peek, Kaitlyn Crespo, Cameron Syblis, Iswanto Sucandy, and Alexander Rosemurgy. "Evaluating the Cost for Robotic vs “Non-Robotic” Transhiatal Esophagectomy." American Surgeon 88, no. 3 (November 18, 2021): 389–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00031348211046885.
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Introduction This study was undertaken to analyze and compare the cost of robotic transhiatal esophagectomy (THE) to “non-robotic” THE (ie, “open” and laparoscopic). Methods With IRB approval, we prospectively followed 82 patients who underwent THE. We analyzed clinical outcomes and perioperative charges and costs associated with THE. To compare profitability, the robotic approach was analyzed against “non-robotic” approaches of THE using F-test, Mann-Whitney U test/Student’s t-test, and Fisher’s exact test. Statistical significance was reported as P ≤0.05. Data are presented as median (mean ± SD). Results 67 patients underwent the robotic approach, and 15 patients underwent “non-robotic” approach; 4 were “open” and 11 were laparoscopic. 79 patients had adenocarcinoma. Operative duration for robotic THE was 327 (331 ± 82.8) vs 213 (225 ± 62.0) minutes ( P = 0.0001) and estimated blood loss was 150 (184 ± 136.1) vs 300 (476 ± 708.7) mL ( P = 0.0001). Length of stay was 7 (11 ± 11.8) vs 8 (12 ± 10.6) days ( P = 0.76). 16 patients had post-operative complications with a Clavien-Dindo score of three or more. Hospital charges for robotic THE were $197,405 ($259,936 ± 203,630.8) vs “non-robotic” THE $159,588 ($201,565 ± $185,763.5) ( P = 0.31). Cost of care for robotic THE was $34,822 ($48,844 ± $45,832.8) vs “non-robotic” THE was $23,939 ($39,386 ± $44,827.2) ( P = 0.47). Payment received for robotic THE was $14,365 ($30,003 ± $40,874.7) vs “non-robotic” THE was $28,080 ($41,087 ± $44,509.1) ( P = 0.41). 15% of robotic operations were profitable vs 13% of “non-robotic” operations. Conclusions Patients were predominantly older overweight men who had adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. The robotic approach had increased operative time and minimal blood loss. More than a fourth of operations included concomitant procedures. Patients were discharged approximately one week after THE. Overall, the robotic approach has no apparent significant differences in charges, cost, or profitability.
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Farner, Fanni, Luca Bors, Ágnes Bajza, Gellért Karvaly, István Antal, and Franciska Erdő. "Validation of an In vitro-in vivo Assay System for Evaluation of Transdermal Delivery of Caffeine." Drug Delivery Letters 9, no. 1 (February 6, 2019): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210303108666180903102107.
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Introduction: Degree of skin penetration of topical drugs and cosmetics is a crucial point concerning their effects and tolerability. For testing drug delivery across the dermal barrier different in vitro and in vivo assays have been developed. Caffeine has been shown to have beneficial effects against skin aging, sunburn and hair-loss, and it is protective against melanoma and non-melanoma type skin cancers. Aim of our study was to set up an assay system to evaluate caffeine penetration from topical formulation into the skin. </P><P> Methods: Franz diffusion cells consisting of either a filter paper or an artificial membrane or rat skin were used as in vitro/ex vivo test systems and transdermal microdialysis in anaesthetized rats was performed as an in vivo assay. </P><P> Results: Results indicate that Franz diffusion cell studies provide a good approximation of the release of caffeine from the formulation but are not able to differentiate between 2% and 4% cream concentrations. The maximum concentrations (Cmax) in case of the 2% cream formulation were 708.3 (2.7 μm pore), 78.7 (0.8 µm pore), 45.3 (0.45 µm pore) and 44.9 (rat skin) µg/7.5 mL, respectively. The in vivo microdialysis experiments were in accordance with the in vitro and ex vivo results and gave more information on the dynamics and follicular and transcellular phases of drug penetration through the layers of the skin. </P><P> Discussion and Conclusion: Taken together, Franz diffusion cell and transdermal microdialysis are a good combination to evaluate caffeine release and penetration into the skin from the formulations tested. This system might also be used for rapid testing of other hydrophilic topical drugs and has a benefit in the prediction for human skin absorption and tolerability studies, in an early phase of drug development.
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Ding, Wei, Traci Sassoon, Esteban Braggio, Charla Secreto, and Neil Kay. "Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived From Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemic Patients Express Different Genes and Produce Different Cytokines Compared to MSC Derived From Normal Subjects,." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 3872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.3872.3872.
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Abstract Abstract 3872 Background: Mesenchymal stromal cells are one of the components in the CLL microenvironment known to support leukemic cells survival and growth. Crosstalk between CLL B-cells and marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can modulate the activation of both cell types. Indeed we have shown that soluble factors secreted from CLL B cells can activate MSC with increased production of angiogenic cytokines (Blood. 2010. 116:2984). We hypothesize that MSC derived from CLL patients are modified by their interaction with leukemic cells in their gene expression profiles (GEP) and cytokine production (CP) capabilities. Given this, intrinsic differences should be present amongst MSC derived from CLL patients versus normal subjects. Method: MSC collected from CLL patients with Rai stage 1–4 before any therapy or who have not had therapies for at least 2 years as well as normal MSC from healthy controls were cultured and expanded one time in vitro. Subsequently, MSC after one in vitro passage were sorted with CD45 negative selection to eliminate any contaminating non-stromal cells. Approximately 100,000 to 300,000 cells were then stored at −70C and used for RNA purification. Nine CLL MSC and five normal MSC cell samples had RNA purified from each sample and then the RNA preparations were used for comparative analysis of GEP using affymetrix U133A plus B chip. Data were transformed using two different methods: MAS5 or Plier and only probes that were present in at least 50% of cases were included in the analysis. We have recently observed that MSC derived from bone marrow of CLL patients promotes Th17 cell differentiation (Blood. 2010. 116: Abstract 2414). Since IL-17 is the signature cytokine produced by TH17 cells, we decided to test if IL-17 could alter the cytokine production from CLL and normal MSC. Cytokine production from both CLL MSC and normal MSC as secreted into culture medium (CM) spontaneously or with recombinant IL-17 during a 72h-culture were tested using a commercial cytokine array (R&D). Result: Both MAS5 and Plier method of transformation yielded similar results for GEPs of the MSC. The preliminary data from these analyses showed that multiple transcription factors including PITX2, HOXB7, SIM1, ZFY, EMX2, HOXB3, HOXB4, and IRF6 were significantly up-regulated (more than 2 fold) in CLL MSC compared to normal MSC. In contrast, the genes up-regulated in normal MSC compared to CLL MSC include genes involved in the immune response (IGH, IGK, IGL, BST2, PPBP, RGS1, etc.), antigen processing and presentation (HLA genes, IFI30, etc.) and inflammatory response (CD163, LYZ, TNFAIP6, etc.). We are currently in the process of performing further analysis using additional MSC samples to validate these findings with further GEP assays and also by validating the dysregulated genes detected by our GEP studies using real-time PCR analysis. We performed the analysis of multiple cytokines produced by CLL (n=16) and normal MSC (n=12) with and without stimulation with recombinant IL-17 (8 ng/ml) over a 72 hour culture period. Without stimulation, there is approximately two-fold increase of MCP-1 production in CLL MSC compared to normal MSC (CLL vs. normal, 164.2 ± 26.1 vs. 82.7 ± 15.4 pg/ml, p = 0.02). After IL-17 stimulation, an approximately four-fold increase of MCP-1 production (CLL vs. normal, 1200.1 ± 258.6 vs. 334.1 ± 68.2 pg/ml, p = 0.005), three-fold increase of IL-8 production (CLL vs. normal, 2073.1 ± 504.1 vs. 708.7 ± 218.9 pg/ml, p = 0.02), two-fold increase of IL-6 production (CLL vs. normal, 1400.6 ± 214.0 vs. 705.6 ± 98.2 pg/ml, p = 0.008) were detected in CLL MSC compared to normal MSC. Conclusion: We have detected the presence of intrinsic mRNA expression differences for both transcription factors and immune response genes between CLL and normal MSC. The expression differences of these genes could be facilitating the differential cytokine responses we observed in CLL MSC compared to normal MSC. Given these findings it is possible that the dynamic interactions between the CLL leukemic cell and MSC influence the transcription profiles and cytokine production from MSC. This is of biologic and clinical interest in that the GEP dysregulation in CLL MSC may be a primary mechanism for the differential cytokine production seen in CLL MSC. This outcome in turn has the potential to modify the immune and non-immune environment in favor of tumor proliferation and progression. Disclosures: Kay: Biothera: Research Funding; Clegene: Research Funding; Cephalon: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Glaxo Smith Kline: Research Funding; Hospira: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Supergen: Research Funding; Calistoga: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Emergent Biosolutions (Formerly Trubion): Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
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Uenishi, Kozue, Nozomi Kawasaki, Haruka Iseki, Misato Nogata, Yuki Kawabata, and Shinsuke Kido. "Effect of a plant protein‐rich diet on postprandial phosphate metabolism in healthy adult men: a randomised controlled trial." Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, March 27, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jhn.13299.
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AbstractBackgroundThis study examined the effects of animal protein‐ and plant protein‐rich diets on postprandial phosphorus metabolism in healthy male subjects.MethodsThe study was conducted by randomised parallel‐group comparison of healthy men aged 21–24 years. In Study 1, participants were divided into two groups and consumed either a 70% animal protein diet (AD, n = 6) or a 70% plant protein diet (PD, n = 6). In Study 2, participants were divided into three groups and consumed either AD (n = 10), PD (n = 10) or AD + DF, a 70% animal protein diet loaded with the same amount of fibre as PD (n = 9). The phosphorus contents of the diets used in this study were nearly equivalent (AD, 710.1 mg; PD, 709.7 mg; AD + DF, 708.9 mg). Blood and urine samples were collected before, and 2 and 4 h after the meal to measure phosphorus and calcium levels.ResultsIn Study 1, PD consumption resulted in lower blood and urinary phosphorus concentrations 2 h postprandially compared with AD (p < 0.05). In Study 2, blood phosphorus levels in AD + DF after the diet remained lower, but not significantly so compared with AD, and urinary phosphorus levels were significantly lower 2 h postprandially (p < 0.05).ConclusionsA plant protein‐rich diet reduced rapid postprandial increases in blood and urinary phosphorus concentrations compared with the animal protein‐rich diets, suggesting that dietary fibre may play a partial role in the postprandial decreases in blood and urinary phosphorus concentrations.
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Srivyas, Pranav Dev, M. S. Charoo, M. F. Wani, Rakesh Sehgal, Ankush Raina, MIR IRFAN UL HAQ, Chandra Shekhar, Tanmoy Medhi, and Soundhar Arumugam. "Impact of Surface texturing on the tribological behaviour of aluminium-silicon (Al-Si / Al2O3) advanced composite under dry and lubricating conditions." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties, September 16, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/ac929a.
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Abstract In the present work, modification of aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy based advanced composite surface is performed using laser texturing (LT). Surface texturing (ST) with different patterns, i.e., dimple (T1), square (T2), triangular (T3), and line hatched (T4) textures are done on the alloy surface and its impact on the mechanism to reduce friction and wear are investigated. The tribo tests are conducted at 10 N load, Hertzian contact pressure (Pmax) 708.7 MPa, 1mm stroke length, frequency 50 Hz and sliding distance (SD) up to 450 m. The tribological behavior of the non-textured surface (NTS) and textured surface (TS) are examined under dry sliding conditions (DSC) and two lubricating sliding conditions (LSC) comprising of virgin PAO-4 (Lube-1) and PAO-4 + 1 wt. % graphene nanoplatelets (Lube-2). T2 texture reveals a 49.53%, 69.21% and 44.91% decrease in friction coefficient (COF) and 58.1%, 43.74% and 83.86 % decrease in wear volume (WV) than the NTSfor DSC, Lube-1 and, Lube-2, correspondingly. Results show that ST improved friction efficiency, and shortened the running-in period. The current study results help to provide in-depth interpretation of micro-texturing and its relationship w.r.t. tribological characteristics.
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Kim, Jin Hwa, Young Sang Lyu, BongSeong Kim, Mee Kyung Kim, Sang Yong Kim, Ki‐Hyun Baek, Ki‐Ho Song, Kyungdo Han, and Hyuk‐Sang Kwon. "Cardiorenal outcomes and mortality after sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor initiation in type 2 diabetes patients with percutaneous coronary intervention history." Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, April 21, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dom.15565.
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AbstractAimsTo evaluate the effects of initiating sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on cardiorenal outcomes and mortality compared to dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors as active comparators in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes with a history of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Materials and MethodsWe used an active‐comparator, new‐user design and nationwide data from the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea from 2014 to 2019. Of the 56 392 patients who underwent PCI, 4610 new SGLT2 inhibitor users were paired 1:1 with DPP‐4 inhibitor users for analysis using propensity‐score matching.ResultsDuring 13 708.59 person‐years of follow‐up, the initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors, compared with the initiation of DPP‐4 inhibitors, was associated with a significantly lower risk of composite repeat revascularization, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure (HF), all‐cause death and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). The beneficial effects of SGLT2 inhibitor use were consistent with the components of stroke, HF, all‐cause death and ESRD. In the cohort that included health examination data, including anthropometric and metabolic factors, new use of SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with a significantly lower risk of HF (hazard ratio [HR] 0.574, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.36–0.915), all‐cause death (HR 0.731, 95% CI 0.567–0.942), and ESRD (HR 0.076, 95% CI 0.018–0.319). The effects of SGLT2 inhibitor use were consistent regardless of the timing of the previous PCI.ConclusionsThe initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes and a history of PCI was significantly associated with a reduced risk of cardiorenal consequences and mortality, irrespective of time since the last PCI.
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Jeson Wilson John and Ashwin Harikrishnan. "Performance Estimation of Solar Flat Plate Air Heating System Using Helical Tapes." Journal of Solar Energy Research Updates 6 (January 17, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.31875/2410-2199.2019.06.3.
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Solar flat plate collectors (FPC) are used for heating spaces, water heating, and many other purposes. The present technology of solar flat collectors uses vertical fins. The solar flat plate collector having absorber with vertical fins is provided with a helical tape in the fluid flow path. The absorber plate in the solar flat plate collector has an area of 100 cm x 50 cm. The solar flat plate collector has nine ducts with an area of 27.5 cm x 9.5 cm each. The helical tapes attached have a start angle of 64 deg which pass along the whole length of the duct. The helical tapes have a crosssection area of 1.5 mm x 4 mm. The pitch of the helical tapes is 100 mm. These fins have been attached between the vertical fins of the thickness of 1mm and a height of 10.5 cm. Data such as inlet temperature, outlet temperature efficiency and convective heat transfer coefficient are calculated. The mass flow rate of air is 10.28 kg/s and the air is subjected to solar radiation between 628.98 W/m2 and 708.59 W/m2. The values are noted down, and the and the efficiency is noted to have a 10% rise. The effectiveness of the solar plate collector will increase using a helical fin. A comparative analysis will be done between the conventional flat plate collector and the setup with the helical tapes. The study will show that the helical tapes in flat plate collector will be the best alternative compared to conventional flat plate collector.
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Sodavadiya, Kiran B., Dharmik S Patel, Mitul N Chhatriwala, and Punam Solanki. "STUDY OF LIVER FUNCTION PARAMETERS IN PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, March 1, 2022, 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/ijsr/4908040.
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Introduction: Changes in liver biochemical prole are normal during pregnancy. However, severe liver disease, although rare, can occur and must be recognized at an early stage to reduce morbidity and mortality for mother and infant.The pathological derangement in the liver functions may be related to pregnancy or may coexist with pregnancy and may be divided into three major groups. We aim to nd the incidence and possible (pregnancy-specic liver disorder and pregnancy non-specic liver disorder) of alteration in liver function tests (LFTs) in pregnant women attending tertiary care center. Aim and Objectives: To determine the association between altered Liver function tests and Possible causes of liver disorders in Pregnancy. Materials and Methods: Sampling data was collected over a period time of 1 Year. The study was done at the Clinical Biochemistry Department, tertiary care rural center. All data will be collected from the solace-laboratory Information system of the clinical biochemistry register at the central diagnostic laboratory. The sample size of the study is 83. Then, we plot the data according to the incidence of variable causes of liver disorderspecic and non-specic to pregnancy, also calculate the degree of alteration in LFTs in particular causes. Result: This study included a total of 83 individual cases (females only-age 18 to 35 years). 41 (49%) out of 83cases were related to pre-eclampsia, 12 (14%) cases related to HELLP syndrome, 2 (2%) cases related to AFLP, 3 (4%) cases related to ICP, 7 (8%) cases related to viral hepatitis, 3 (4%) cases related to Hyperemesis, 8 (10%) cases related to Eclampsia & 7 (8%) cases related to Miscellaneous. ALP level increase in viral hepatitis (mean 585.4 u/l, SD± 68.5), pre-eclampsia (mean 239.28 U/L, SD ± 38.25) and decrease level in miscellaneous Causes (mean 82.2 u/l, SD± 37.4) & ICP (mean 103.3 u/l ,SD±30.0). The AST level was rise in viral hepatitis (mean 781.8 µ/l, SD ± 46.14), AFLP (mean 708.5 u/l, SD ± 12.0), ICP (mean 100 u/l, SD ± 4.35), preeclampsia (mean 123.3 u/l, SD ± 22.0) and remain normal in miscellaneous cause (mean 21.2 u/l, SD ± 8.22) & hyper emesis (mean 25.66 u/l, SD ± 4.50). Conclusion: Alterations in Liver function test results were due to Liver disease in pregnancy include -a 3-to-4-fold rise in the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in viral hepatitis, Pre-eclampsia & AFLP. An increase in the total bilirubin level was found in viral hepatitis, pre-eclampsia & HELLP syndrome, whereas a downward trend was seen in the levels of serum albumin and total proteins. Serum ALT & AST levels become a rise in Pre-eclampsia, Viral hepatitis, Eclampsia, and also AFLP. It was found that serum AST level was in normal limits in hyperemesis &miscellaneous.
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"Indiana University study highlights billions in annual losses from untreated MI in the state." Mental Health Weekly 33, no. 43 (November 3, 2023): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mhw.33851.
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Untreated mental illness in the Hoosier state comes at a cost of more than $4 billion a year, according to a new Indiana University study, the Daily Journal reported Nov. 1. The research published by the IU Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health found that one in five Indiana residents with mental illness do not receive the treatment they need. Hoosiers who do not receive such treatment are also more likely to experience other chronic health conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, researchers said. The economic burden of untreated mental illness in Indiana is estimated to be $4.2 billion annually, including $3.3 billion in indirect costs — like unemployment and caregiving — $708.5 million in direct health care costs, and $185.4 million in non‐health care costs. The largest cost attributable to untreated mental illness was premature mortality, at over $1.4 billion. Productivity losses were estimated to cost $885 million each year. “The findings were published Oct. 13 in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Researchers worked with the Indiana Behavioral Health Commission to perform their analysis. Through the researchers' work, they developed a framework that allows Indiana to prioritize key areas in mental health services and treatment. The framework also provides Indiana with a baseline for tracking progress toward improvement efforts. The research was used in support of Senate Enrolled Act 1, which passed during the 2023 legislative session. The sweeping legislation will create a new mental health care system in Indiana, fortifying the relatively new 988 crisis response center and hotline with funding for mental health emergencies. The IU study population consisted of more than 6.1 million individuals of whom an estimated 429,000 had untreated mental illness in 2019, according to the research paper. “One of the most significant impacts of this research is that other states can use this framework to understand the financial burden in their state,” said Justin Blackburn, Ph.D., associate professor at the Fairbanks School. “There is a scarcity of data on the costs incurred by each state — especially by individuals, families and communities — from untreated mental illnesses in the United States. Policymakers, clinicians and employers need this sort of data to determine how we should allocate our societal resources.”
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Mishra, Ravi, HARSHIT SINGH, Saurabh Chaturvedi, Durga P. Mishra, Vikas Agarwal, and Mohan Gurjar. "MO345LIFESAVING BIOMARKERS IN CONTRAST-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN ADULT CRITICAL ICU PATIENTS." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 36, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfab084.0018.
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Abstract Background : - Intravenous administration of radiocontrast media is referred to as contrast-induced kidney injury (CI-AKI).CI-AKI is described as the third most common cause of new AKI in hospitalized patients. The occurrence of CI-AKI is reported up to 55% in these high-risk patients.: NGAL (Neutrophil gelatinase-associated Lipocalin)and Cystatin C have been found an early and sensitive marker of acute kidney injury (AKI). Aims To evaluate biomarkers in plasma (P) and urine (U) after intravenous contrast in adult ICU patients. Method Total of 36 patients recruited as per inclusion criteria. ICU patients who were >18 years with radiographic contrast for diagnostic or interventional computed tomography (CT scan), were included. After ethical approval, samples of 5 ml blood and 5 ml urine were collected before contrast exposure and at 4 h, 24 h, and 48 h after contrast exposure. NGAL and Cystatin C assay was done by ELISA, and urinary levels were normalized as per urine creatinine (UCr) values for each sample. In the present study, CI-AKI is defined as a rise in SCr of ≥0.3 mg/dl within 48 hrs. Data presented in a mean or median analysis performed. Results In this study, 30 CT scan episodes requiring intravenous contrast in 25 ICU patients were included. Median age was 36 yrs and 13 (43%) were male. On day of inclusion, median SOFA score was 3; 16% In patients having CI-AKI, mean values changes from pre-contrast to at 4 h, 24 h and 48 h after contrast are presented..Kinetics of plasma (P) and urine (U) NGAL and Cystatin C levels (Mean±SD) with p value among patients having CI-AKI P NGAL (ng/ml), Before Contrast(BC)( 708.5±201.76) , 04hrC(851.5±332.05, p=0.07), 24hrC(1093.25±225.03, p=0.02), 48hrC(788±323.4, p=0.21), UNGAL (ng/mg of U Cr)BC(67.63±48.09) , 04hrC(39.69±19.79, p=0.07) , 24hrC(101.97±90, p=0.12) , 48hrC(59.87±56.85, p=0.73) , P Cystatin C (ng/ml) BC(4698.85±574.71), 04hrC(4704.57±1144.87) , p=0.02) , 24hrC(4428.85±1135.73, p=0.03), 48hrC(4288.85±435.8, p=0.17), U Cystatin C (ng/mg of UCr) BC(3 46.06±224.7), 04hrC(219.66±72.18, p=0.91), 24hrC (470.21±536.28, p=0.99), 48hrC(633.61±811.77, p=0.23). Conclusion ROC curve analysis during pre-contrast exposure: NGAL, and Cystatin C), both plasma and urine level AUC was significantly higher in patients who develop CI-AKI and Post-contrast exposure Plasma levels AUC significantly higher than Urine levels.
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Qiao, Wanqiang, Yonggang Liu, Min Zhang, Mingming Shi, Jin Wu, and Huixia Li. "First Report of the Root-Lesion Nematode (Pratylenchus thornei Sher and Allen, 1953) Parasitizing Oats in Gansu Province, China." Plant Disease, March 14, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-22-1131-pdn.
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Oat (Avena sativa L.) is a vital cereal crop and serves as food, feed, and industrial material for many commercial growers. The presence of root-lesion nematodes (RLN; Pratylenchus spp.) in oat-cultivated areas of China is alarming because RLNs display an endo-migratory life cycle and rank third among the most damaging nematode pests (Jones et al. 2013). Their penetration and feeding cause necrotic lesions on the roots, which further dispose plants to other soilborne pathogens resulting in extensive root rots (LaMondia, 2003). In China, it has been reported that P. thornei harmed sugarcane and wheat. (Fang et al 1994; Fan et al. 2020), However, there are no reports on the damage of P. thornei to oat. In June 2021, a survey of one oat field, exhibiting poorly developed plants reduced till number and distinct lesions on roots was conducted in Dingxi city, Gansu province, China (N 35°56′, E 104°60′). Thirteen soil and root samples were collected from symptomatic plants (cultivar: Jizhangyan No.5). Nematodes were extracted from root and soil samples using the modified Baermann funnel method (Hooper, 1986). Twelve samples tested positive for the presence of RLN with population densities ranging from 3 to 25 juveniles and females/100 g of soil and 2 to 32/g of root. No males were detected. Twenty females from the twelve positive samples were selected at random and examined morphologically for species-level identification (Figure 1A-J). The female bodies were slender, almost straight or ventrally curved after heat relaxation (Figure 1A), labial region continuous with the rest of the body and bears three faint lip annuli. The stylets were short and stout with well-developed basal knobs (Figure 1C, G). The pharyngeal and reproductive components were typical of pratylenchid nematodes (Figure 1B). Tail region cylindrical, straight or curved ventrally, having variable terminus viz., broad, bluntly rounded or truncate, with no striations around terminus (Figure 1H-J). The diagnostic morphometrics of adult females were as follows: body length 591.4 ± 20.1 μm (466.6 to 742.7 μm), body width 22.5 ± 0.5 μm (20.1 to 26.2 μm), distance from anterior end to excretory pore 88.4 ± 3.5 μm (75.7 to 99.7 μm), stylet length 16.8 ± 0.2 μm (15.2 to 18.7 μm), and tail length 33.7 ± 1.3 μm (25.5 to 43.2 μm). De man’s morphometric parameters were a: 26.3 ± 0.8 (19.8 to 31.1), b: 5.7 ± 0.2 (4.7 to 7.0), c: 17.9 ± 0.8 (12.9 to 23.7), c’: 2.3 ± 0.1 (1.7 to 2.8) and V value was 77.8 % ± 1.2 (67.3 to 86.6 %). The morphological and morphometric characteristics of our detected population is consistent with Loof’s 1960 description of P. thornei Sher and Allen, 1953 (Table 1). For molecular analysis, five females from the twelve positive samples were selected at random for molecular analysis. DNA was extracted from single females according to the method of Wang et al. (2011). The ITS region was amplified by primer pair 18S/26S (Vrain et al., 1992) and the D2/D3 expansion region of the 28S rDNA was amplified by primer pair D2A/D3B (Castillo et al., 2003). High quality PCR products of accurate fragment length were sent to the Tsingke Biological Technology (Xian, China) for sequencing. The ITS sequences (813 bp-817 bp, GenBank OP902282, OP902284, OP902287, OP902288 and OP902289) of Gansu population showed 99.26%-100% sequence identity with P. thornei reported from Italy (FR692299, FR692303 and FR692304) (Figure 2). The 28S sequences (738 bp-764 bp, GenBank OM278343, OP217988, OP218403, OP218404 and OP218567) showed 100% identity with P. thornei populations reported from Belgium (KY828302), the USA (OK490327) and Iran (JX261960) (Figure 3). Morphological and molecular data of the Gansu population obtained in this study supported its identification as P. thornei. The endo-migratory association of the host-nematode relationship was confirmed by observing nematodes inside the roots using acid fuchsin root staining (Wu et al. 2014) (Figure 4). Oat (cultivar: Jizhangyan No.5) seeds were sown in pots containing 500 g of naturally infested soil (an average of 12 P. thornei /100g of soil); autoclaved soil was used as a control. Fifty seeds were directly sown in pots (20 × 16 cm), with three replicates. Plants were maintained in an incubator at 28 ± 1°C (12 h/12 h light/dark). Results indicated that plants inoculated obviously grew poorly with some lesions on roots and P. thornei numbers in them increased 16 times both in soil (50.7 ± 9.6 nematodes/100g) and roots (708.0 ± 8.7 nematodes in the entire root system). No P. thornei was found in the control soil and roots (Figure 5). Morphological and molecular characteristics of specimens isolated from oat symptomatic roots (n = 10) were identical to P. thornei. The losses caused by P. thornei are still unknown, and considering Pratylenchus spp. are commercially important nematode, the more investigations on oats should be made in the future. As of yet, RLNs were not reported from any oat-cultivated areas of China. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. thornei parasitizing oats in the Gansu province of China.