Academic literature on the topic '68T09'
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Journal articles on the topic "68T09":
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Khasanah, Nur, Tri Sakti Wirotomo, and Siti Rofiqoh. "Literatur Review: Efektifitas Kompres Dinginterhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Fraktur Tertutup." Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesehatan 1 (December 2, 2021): 608–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.48144/prosiding.v1i.723.
Abstract:
AbstractFractures cause physiological disturbances, one of which is pain. Pain in fracture patients is caused by muscle spasms. Cold compression is the easiest method to reduce pain. This study identifies cold compresses’ effect in reducing closed fracture patients by finding research articles from Google Scholar. Keywords for the search include “closed fracture”, “pain intensity”, and “cold compress”, published in 2011-2020. Three articles were analyzed. The results showed that 57 total respondents were male (68.09%) and female (31.91%). Before the intervention was 6.72, pain intensity dropped to 3.50 after the intervention with a p-value <0.01. This Literature Review concludes that cold compress therapy is effective in reducing pain among closed fracture patients. Nurses are expected to apply cold compress therapy as an intervention to reduce pain in fracture patients.Keywords: cold compress; pain intensity; closed fracture;
AbstrakFraktur merupakan ancaman potensial maupun aktual terhadap integritas seseorang, sehingga akan mengalami gangguan fisiologis salah satunya respon berupa nyeri. Nyeri pada pasien fraktur disebabkan karena spasme otot. Upaya menurunkan nyeri pada pasien fraktur tertutup dengan cara memberikan terapi kompres dingin. Tujuan dari penulisan ini untuk menggambarkan pengaruh pemberian kompres dingin terhadap nyeri pasien fraktur tertutup. Desain karya tulis ini berupa Literature Review dengan jumlah tiga artikel yang diambil dari laman google scholar dengan kata kunci “fraktur tertutup”, “intensitas nyeri”, dan “kompres dingin”, terbit tahun 2011-2020. Hasil analisa karakteristik responden dari ketiga artikel menunjukkan jumlah responden 57 pasien, sebagian besar laki-laki (68,09%) sedangkan perempuan (31,91%). Nilai rata-rata nyeri sebelum intervensi 6,72 setelah intervensi 3,50 dengan p-value 0,000. Simpulan dari Literature Review ini adalah terapi kompres dingin efektif dalam menurunkan tingkat nyeri pasien fraktur tertutup. Saran bagi perawat diharapkan dapat menerapkan terapi kompres dingin sebagai salah satu intervensi untuk menurunkan nyeri pasien fraktur.Kata kunci:kompres dingin; intensitas nyeri; fraktur tertutup;
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Machmud, Tedy, Rinaldi A. Pusi, and Khardiyawan A. Y. Pauweni. "Deskripsi Disposisi Matematis Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Kalkulus 1." Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31980/mosharafa.v11i3.1486.
Abstract:
Disposisi matematis adalah salah satu aspek afektif yang perlu diperhatikan dalam proses perkuliahan, sebab disposisi matematis juga dapat menunjang keberhasilan belajar dalam mengikuti perkuliahan. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mendeskripsikan disposisi matematis mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika pada mata kuliah Kalkulus 1 di Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Penelitian melibatkan mahasiswa pendidikan matematika yang berjumlah 47 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket, yang didampingi dengan observasi partisipatif. Disposisi matematis dilihat dari 6 indikator yaitu: (1) Percaya diri; (2) Kegigihan dan Ketekunan; (3) Fleksibel; (4) Minat dan Keingintahuan; (5) Refleksi; (6) Apresiasi. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata disposisi matematis mahasiswa sebesar 69,57% yakni dengan kategori sedang. Persentase jumlah mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika dengan tingkat disposisi matematis yang tinggi, sedang dan rendah berturut-turut adalah 14,89%, 68,09% dan 17,02%.Mathematical disposition is an affective aspect that needs to be developed and improved during lectures because mathematical disposition can support learning success in attending lectures. This study aims to describe the mathematical disposition of Mathematics Education students in the Calculus 1 course at the State University of Gorontalo. The subjects of this study were students of mathematics education, amounting to 47 students. The instrument used is a questionnaire, which is accompanied by participatory observation. To measure the mathematical disposition of mathematics education students in the calculus 1 course, it can be seen from 6 indicators, which are: (1) Confidence; (2) Persistence and Perseverance; (3) Flexible; (4) Interests and Curiosities; (5) Reflection; (6) Appreciation. Data were analyzed quantitatively in the form of percentages. The results showed that in general the average mathematical disposition of students was 69.57%, namely in the medium category. The percentages of students in the mathematics education study program who have high, medium, and low levels of mathematical disposition are 14.89%, 68.09%, and 17.02%, respectively.
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Pregernig, L. "The Blockmover (ID#6809)." IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 33, no. 1 (1986): 797–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tns.1986.4337219.
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Ndukwu, I. M., S. R. White, A. R. Leff, and R. W. Mitchell. "EP1 receptor blockade attenuates both spontaneous tone and PGE2-elicited contraction in guinea pig trachealis." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 273, no. 3 (September 1, 1997): L626—L633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1997.273.3.l626.
Abstract:
We assessed the effect of prostaglandin (PG) E2 on tone of guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle (TSM) strips in vitro. In the presence of spontaneous tone [ST; i.e., no indomethacin (-Indo)], exogenous PGE2 caused a significant relaxation of ST at concentrations > 10(-6) M [to -127 +/- 40.8% electric field stimulation (EFS); P = 0.001 vs. baseline ST] and at concentrations < 10(-6) M caused a variable change in contractile force (51.6 +/- 29.6% EFS; P = NS vs. baseline ST). In the absence of ST (i.e., +Indo) 10(-10) to 10(-7) M PGE2 elicited contraction of TSM to 126.3 +/- 10.5% EFS (P = 0.001 vs. baseline) and no relaxation. Addition of prostanoid EP1 receptor antagonist (either AH-6809 or SC-19220) to Indo-treated TSM caused a substantial rightward shift and attenuation of contraction in response to PGE2 (55.9 +/- 16.8% EFS for 10(-5) MAH-6809; P = 0.007 vs. +Indo alone, and 80.5 +/- 12.7% EFS for 10(-5) M SC-19220, P = 0.03 vs. +Indo alone). We further assessed the effect of EP1 and EP4 receptor antagonism on the ST of guinea pig TSM strips. Concentration-response curves to the EP1 receptor-specific antagonists AH-6809 or SC-19220 and the EP4 receptor-specific antagonist AH-23848B were generated (10(-7) to 10(-5) M); AH-6809 caused relaxation of ST to 11.4 +/- 2.9% ST (P = 0.001 vs. initial ST) and SC-19220 caused relaxation to 31.0 +/- 12.7% ST (P = 0.02 vs. initial ST). However, AH-23848B did not significantly affect ST (to 60.9 +/- 7.7% ST; P = 0.07 vs. initial ST). Furthermore, AH-6809 specifically inhibited contraction elicited by the EP1 receptor agonist Iloprost but had no effect on contraction elicited by the EP3 receptor agonist Enprostil. We demonstrate that in the presence of ST (-Indo), exogenous PGE2 elicits a biphasic response in guinea pig TSM in which relaxation predominates. In the absence of ST (+Indo), exogenous PGE2 elicits contraction of guinea pig TSM strips that is inhibited by EP1 receptor-specific antagonism. Spontaneous tone of guinea pig TSM strips also is inhibited by EP1 receptor antagonism. Our data suggest that both PGE2-elicited contraction and ST of guinea pig TSM are mediated through activation of EP1 prostanoid receptors.
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Ortega Baún, Ana E. "Centro italiano di studi sull basso medioevo - Accademia Tudertina (2021). La sessualità nel basso medioevo. Spoleto: Centro italiano di studi sull’alto medioevo 469 pp. ISBN: 978-88-6809-332-7." Anales de la Universidad de Alicante. Historia Medieval, no. 25 (March 26, 2024): 417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/medieval.26243.
Abstract:
Reseña: Centro italiano di studi sull basso medioevo - Accademia Tudertina (2021). La sessualità nel basso medioevo. Spoleto: Centro italiano di studi sull’alto medioevo. 469 pp. ISBN: 978-88-6809-332-7.
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Sanchez, Teresa, and Juan Jose Moreno. "Role of EP1 and EP4 PGE2subtype receptors in serum-induced 3T6 fibroblast cycle progression and proliferation." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 282, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): C280—C288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00128.2001.
Abstract:
Recent studies have suggested that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) subtype receptors (EP) are involved in cellular proliferation and tumor development. We studied the role of EP1 and EP4PGE2 subtype receptor antagonists AH-6809 and AH-23848B, respectively, in serum-induced 3T6 fibroblast proliferation. This was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner (IC50∼100 and ∼30 μM, respectively) to an almost complete inhibition, without any cytotoxic effect. However, the effect of each antagonist on 3T6 cell cycle progression clearly differed. Whereas the EP1 antagonist increased the G0/G1population, the EP4 antagonist brought about an accumulation of cells in early S phase. These effects were associated with a decrease in cyclin D and E levels in AH-6809-treated 3T6 cells and lower cyclin A levels in AH-23848B-treated fibroblasts with respect to control cells. The G0/G1 accumulation caused by AH-6809 seems to be intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) dependent, because a 6-h 1 μM thapsigargin treatment allowed G0/G1-arrested cells to enter S phase. Similarly, treatment with 20 μM forskolin for 6 h allowed S-phase and G2/M progression of AH-23848B-treated cells. This study shows that the inhibitory effect of the EP1 and EP4 antagonists on serum-induced 3T6 fibroblast growth is due to their effect at various levels of the cell cycle machinery, suggesting that PGE2 interaction with its different subtype receptors regulates progression through the cell cycle by modulating cAMP and [Ca2+]i.
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Torrents, David, Juha Mykkänen, Marta Pineda, Lidia Feliubadaló, Raúl Estévez, Rafael de Cid, Pablo Sanjurjo, et al. "Identification of SLC7A7, encoding y+LAT-1, as the lysinuric protein intolerance gene." Nature Genetics 21, no. 3 (March 1999): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/6809.
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Jones, Huw. "Designing a 6809 coprocessor for the BBC microcomputer." Microprocessors and Microsystems 13, no. 6 (July 1989): 396–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-9331(89)90048-3.
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Shore, Andrew. "Retraction: Ni/Ti layered double hydroxide: synthesis, characterization and application as a photocatalyst for visible light degradation of aqueous methylene blue." Dalton Transactions 49, no. 15 (2020): 4977. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0dt90057e.
Abstract:
Retraction of ‘Ni/Ti layered double hydroxide: synthesis, characterization and application as a photocatalyst for visible light degradation of aqueous methylene blue’ by Priyadarshi Roy Chowdhury and Krishna G. Bhattacharyya, Dalton Trans., 2015, 44, 6809–6824.
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Irwin, Michael J., and Virginia Trimble. "An Automated HR Diagram for NGC 6809 (M 55)." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 126 (1988): 627–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900043370.
Abstract:
For decades, star counts and HR diagrams extending below the main sequence turnoff in globular clusters meant the work of Sandage (1957). The advent of large CCD's at the foci of large telescopes has changed this (McClure et al. 1985, Harris & Hesser 1985, Christian & Heasley 1986, Heasley et al. 1986, Penny & Dickens 1986, Richer & Fahlman 1986, Smith et al. 1986) and made clear that clusters differ in the shapes of their luminosity functions and in the morphology of their HR diagrams. We return here to photographic methods, which can capture an order of magnitude more images and so possibly reveal new details.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "68T09":
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Sentenac, Flore. "Learning and Algorithms for Online Matching." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAG005.
Abstract:
Cette thèse se concentre principalement sur les problèmes d'appariement en ligne, où des ensembles de ressources sont alloués séquentiellement à des flux de demandes. Nous les traitons à la fois du point de vue de l'apprentissage en ligne et de l'analyse compétitive, toujours lorsqueEn ce qui concerne l'apprentissage en ligne, nous étudions comment la structure spécifique de l'appariement influence l'apprentissage dans la première partie, puis comment les effets de report dans le système affectent ses performances.En ce qui concerne l'analyse compétitive, nous étudions le problème de l'appariement en ligne dans des classes spécifiques de graphes aléatoires, dans un effort pour s'éloigner de l'analyse du pire cas.Enfin, nous explorons la manière dont l'apprentissage peut être exploité dans le problème d'ordonnancement des machinesThis thesis focuses mainly on online matching problems, where sets of resources are sequentially allocated to demand streams. We treat them both from an online learning and a competitive analysis perspective, always in the case when the input is stochastic.On the online learning side, we study how the specific matching structure influences learning in the first part, then how carry-over effects in the system affect its performance.On the competitive analysis side, we study the online matching problem in specific classes of random graphs, in an effort to move away from worst-case analysis.Finally, we explore how learning can be leveraged in the scheduling problem
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Scetbon, Meyer. "Advances in Optimal Transport : Low-Rank Structures and Applications in Machine Learning." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAG002.
Abstract:
Les progrès récents en matière de matériel informatique, tels que le développement d'accélérateurs hautement parallèles, et la perméabilité croissante entre l'informatique, les statistiques, l'optimisation et les mathématiques appliquées ont donné naissance à une nouvelle génération d'outils capables de résoudre des problèmes d'apprentissage automatique (AA) de plus en plus complexes. Parmi ces nouveaux défis, certains nécessitent la comparaison de nuages de points ou de mesures de probabilité. Le transport optimal (TO) est devenu un outil largement utilisé dans ce contexte en raison de sa capacité à fournir une géométrie naturelle dans l'espace des distributions et à offrir une nouvelle perspective pour traiter les problèmes d'AA lorsqu'ils sont levés dans cet espace. À partir d'une fonction de coût (par exemple, une distance) défini entre les points où sont supportées les mesures, le TO consiste à trouver un couplage entre les deux mesures qui soit optimal par rapport à ce coût. En d'autres termes, le TO étend naturellement le coût entre deux points à coût entre des histogrammes de points, ou des mesures de probabilité, sous la forme d'un problème d'optimisation. De plus, en raison de sa forte composante géométrique, le TO fait l'objet d'une riche théorie mathématique sur laquelle les praticiens peuvent s'appuyer pour construire et étudier leurs modèles.Pourtant, dans leur forme originale, telle qu'elle a été proposée par Kantorovich, les distances de TO ne sont pas bien adaptées aux problèmes appliqués : (i) le calcul du TO entre des mesures discrètes revient à résoudre un programme linéaire coûteux qui requiert une complexité supercubique en le nombre de points; (ii) l'estimation du TO à l'aide de mesures échantillonnées est condamnée par la malédiction de la dimensionnalité, le TO est donc susceptible d'être dépourvue de sens lorsqu'elle est utilisée sur des échantillons provenant de densités en haute dimension. En dépit de ces difficultés, le TO s'est révélée très prometteur dans diverses applications d'AA, et les recherches en cours visent à relever ces défis et à rendre le TO plus accessible et utilisable dans la pratique.La principale approche pour pallier ces problèmes consiste à régulariser le problème d'optimisation en ajoutant un terme d'entropie a l'objectif. En ajoutant de l'entropie, on peut alors résoudre une version régularisée du problème de TO en temps et en mémoire quadratiques à l'aide de l'algorithme de Sinkhorn. De plus, cette régularisation permet d'éviter la malédiction de la dimensionnalité à condition d'avoir ajouté suffisamment d'entropie. Même si la régularisation entropique a amélioré à la fois le coût de calcul et les propriétés statistiques du transport optimal, elle souffre toujours d'une complexité quadratique qui empêche son utilisation pour des applications à grande échelle. Un des principes directeurs de cette thèse est qu'il existe encore de nombreuses opportunités de recherche pour développer de nouveaux outils algorithmiques qui peuvent exploiter ou étendre ce mode de pensée afin de rendre le TO applicable à des problèmes à grande échelle.Cette thèse se compose de deux parties principales. Dans la première partie, nous proposons de nouveaux schémas de régularisation du problème de TO et de sa variante quadratique, à savoir le problème de Gromov-Wasserstein (GW), en considérant des factorisations de bas rang à la fois du coût sous-jacent et du couplage résolvant le problème de TO. Ces nouveaux schémas de calcul ouvrent la voie à l'utilisation du problème TO dans un cadre à grande échelle. Dans la deuxième partie, nous montrons que le TO peut également offrir une nouvelle perspective sur des problèmes d'AA de longue date dès lors qu'ils sont formalisés dans l'espace des distributions. Nous adoptons ce point de vue sur deux problèmes appliqués, à savoir en équité et en robustesse, et proposons de nouvelles approches pour les aborder à l'aide du TORecent advances in hardware, such as the development of highly-parallel accelerators, and the growing permeabilitybetween computer science, statistics, optimization and applied mathematics have brought forward a new generation of tools,capable of addressing increasingly complex machine learning (ML) problems. Among these new challenges, some require the comparison of point clouds or probability measures. Optimal transport (OT) has become a widely used tool in this context due to its ability to provide a natural geometry in the space of distributions and offer a new perspective for dealing with ML problems when lifted into this space. Starting from a cost function (e.g. a distance) on the space on which measures are supported, OT consists in finding a mapping or coupling between both measures that is optimal with respect to that cost. In other words, OT naturally extends the ground cost between two points to a discrepancy function between histograms of points, or probability measures, in the form of an optimization problem. Further, as a consequence of its strong geometric component, OT is the object of a rich mathematical theory regarding its metric and topological properties, on which ML practitioners can rely to build and study their models.Yet, in their original form, as proposed by Kantorovich, OT distances are not well suited for applied problems: (i) computing OT between discrete distributions amounts to solving a large and expensive network flow problem which requires a supercubic complexity; (ii) estimating OT using sampled measures is doomed by the curse of dimensionality: the sample convergence rate of OT is exponentially slow w.r.t. the dimension of the ambient space, therefore OT is likely to be meaningless when used on samples from high-dimensional densities. Despite these challenges, OT has shown great promise in various machine learning applications, and ongoing research is aimed at addressing these challenges and making OT more accessible and usable in practice.The main approach to alleviate these issues consists in regularizing the optimization problem using an entropic regularization. By adding entropy to the objective function, one can now solves a regularized version of the OT problem in quadratic time and memory using the Sinkhorn algorithm. In addition, this regularization allows to avoid the curse of dimensionality as long as enough entropy has been added.Even though entropic regularization has improved both the computational cost and the statistical properties of optimal transport, it still suffers from a quadratic complexity that prevents its use for large-scale applications. One guiding principle of this thesis is that there are still many research opportunities to develop new algorithmic tools that can exploit or extend this way of thinking in order to make OT applicable to large-scale problems.This thesis consists of two main parts. In the first part, we propose new regularization schemes of the OT problem and its quadratic variant, namely the Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) problem, by considering low-rank factorization of both the underlying cost and the coupling solving the OT problem itself. These new computational schemes pave the way for the use of OT in the large-scale setting. In the second part, we show that OT can also offer new perspective on longstanding ML problems once lifted into the set of distributions. We adopt this point of view on two applied problems in fairness and robustness respectively and propose new approaches to tackle them using OT
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Fines, Ida. "Effects of Crude Oil Water Accommodated Fractions (WAF) on the Escape Behaviour in Calanus finmarchicus Gunnerus (Copepoda)." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15408.
Abstract:
SammendragDen dominerende planktonorganismen i Atlanterhavet og Barentshavet er den calanoide kopepoden Calanus finmarchicus. Den er en nøkkelart i den marine næringskjeden, og har evnen til å lagre store mengder fett, som kan være den viktigste opptaksruten for lipofile forurensende stoffer til høyere trofiske nivå. C. finmarchicus er derfor betraktet som en økologisk relevant forsøks art.Ettersom en upassende respons til miljøbestemte og fysiologisk stimuli, som en årsak av toksiske effekter av forurensende stoffer, kan ha atskillige konsekvenser for overlevelse, selv på konsentrasjoner under dødelig nivå, er det viktig å undersøke adferds indikatorer for akvatisk toksisitet. Det ble totalt gjennomført fire eksponerings serier, hvor eksponerings media var WAFs basert på fersk og forvitret råolje. Eksponeringstiden var 24, 48, 72 og 96 timer. Endringer i flukt respons som en årsak av narkose indusert av olje eksponering ble målt. Parameterne som ble målt var flukt respons frekvens, flukt respons latens tid og utmattende effekter av repetitive hydrodynamiske forstyrrelser. Resultatet fra forvitret og fersk råolje eksponeringer viser at det skjer en nedgang i flukt respons frekvenser selv på konsentrasjoner langt under dødelig nivå, for alle eksponerings tider. Det ble derimot ikke funnet noen klar korrelasjon mellom råolje eksponering og endinger i latens tid eller utmattende effekter av repetitiv hydrodynamiske forstyrrelser.Tilstedeværelsen av signifikant reduksjon i flukt respons frekvenser i C. finmarchicus indikerer at endringer i flukt adferd kan fungere som endepunkt for toksiske effekter, av kjemikalier med konsentrasjoner under dødelig nivå, og kan blir brukt som en økologisk relevant biomarkør.
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Abubaker, Farhat. "Controls on thaumasite in buried concrete : effect of clay composition and cement type." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6809/.
Abstract:
Problems due to the thaumasite form of sulfate attack (TSA), which has a significant influence on the strength and durability of buried concrete, have been extensively reported in the UK and worldwide. Thaumasite forms as a result of the presence of high levels of sulfate in pore waters in the ground surrounding concrete, particularly where sulfate is formed by the oxidation of pyrite and the ground temperature is less than about 12°C. In spite of this association with pyrite-bearing ground, an extensive literature search revealed that most previous research, including studies on which current concrete design recommendations are based, was carried out by exposing test specimens to sulfate-rich solutions rather than to natural ground materials. In fact, the present study appears to be the first extensive investigation of TSA in which various concretes have been tested in simulated field conditions. The changes in chemistry of different clays and clay pore solutions were also investigated. The work includes the long-term exposure (nine years) of Portland cement (PC), Portland limestone cement (PLC), sulfate-resisting Portland cement (SRPC) and Portland cement blended with 25% pulverized - fuel ash to slightly weathered Lower Lias Clay of sulfate design class DS-2 at 5°C. Parts of the exposed concrete were coated with bitumen to test the performance of this method of protection. The study also includes an investigation into the influence of clay composition (weathered and slightly weathered Lower Lias Clay and Coal Measures mudstone) on the severity of TSA in various concretes made with CEM I, CEM I blended with 10% limestone filler (LF), CEMI - 50% PFA and CEMI - 70% GGBS; this was complemented by parallel studies which assessed the performance of specimens of the same concretes, placed in sulfate solutions equivalent to DS-2 and DS-4 and simulated pore waters at the same temperatures. The performance of the different concretes in these tests was assessed by means of visual observation, supported by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infra-red scanning (IR) and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) to identify the deterioration products. The change in the chemistry of clay was assessed by the determination of water- and acid-soluble sulfate, total sulfur, rate of pyrite oxidation and change in carbonate content. Where applicable, the compositions of the different clays and clay pore solutions were also investigated. It was found that deterioration due to the thaumasite form of sulfate attack occurred in all four concretes exposed for nine years to slightly weathered Lower Lias Clay. PLC concrete was the worst affected, with complete loss of binding of up to 47 mm thickness of concrete, but PC- 25% PFA replacement and SRPC concretes were also badly deteriorated. The degree of attack decreased with increasing burial depth, probably as a result of reduced access to air. The bitumen coating proved to be effective at preventing deterioration in all concretes. Exposure to clay of design sulfate class DS-2 was found to cause similar or greater deterioration than that in case of exposure to DS-4 sulfate solution, so the aggressivity of clay may be under-estimated if only the total potential sulfate (TPS) value currently used for aggressivity classification is considered. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that gypsum and thaumasite were the main products in the concrete exposed to solutions, whilst thaumasite and carbonate were formed in the samples exposed to clay, suggesting that the more complex chemistry of clay results in a different chemical interaction. Replacement of CEM I with 50% PFA and 70 % GGBS revealed a very good performance, as no deterioration was observed after two years in any of the exposure conditions, including DS-4 solution and pyritic clays. However, thaumasite solid solution was detected in both concretes exposed to pyritic clay at 5 , which suggests that even these binders may be susceptible to thaumasite formation and TSA with time. Changes to the clays confirmed that pyrite oxidation resulted in elevated sulfate levels, and the generation of sulfuric acid, which reacted with calcite and clay minerals in the clays. It is concluded from this that the carbonate content of the clay affects its aggressivity, although current standards do not take this into account.
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Dickson, Christopher. "Coincidence analysis of gravitational wave data." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1993. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/6809/.
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Oberst, Sally. "Variation of Viséan strata across the Midi thrust, Belgium." Thesis, Durham University, 1986. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6809/.
Abstract:
The Viséan strata of southern Belgium, between Namur, Aachen, Comblain-au-Pont and Dinant, record the deposition of shallow water carbonates along the southern margin of the Brabant Massif. Three areas of Dinantian outcrop: the Namur, Dinant and Vesdre regions were separated by folding and faulting associated with the Hercynian orogeny, particularly the Midi Thrust. The Viséan series comprises three stages of which the Livian has been the basis for this study. The Viséan sediments comprise numerous cycles 2-20m thick which are interpreted as being dominated by shallowing upwards sedimentary sequences. Petrographic study of the nine carbonate lithofacies has revealed three microfacies associations which are broadly described as bioclastic (microfacies association 1), microbial-algal (microfacies association 2) and micritic-peloidal (microfacies association 3). These microfacies associations occur in the same order in each cycle, although their component microfacies may not. Although there are signs of subaerial exposure at the top of cycles, well developed subaerial exposure horizons are rare. Calcrete formation is limited to zone or subzone boundaries and is well developed close to the Brabant Massif. The palaeo environment is interpreted as a warm, shallow water, carbonate platform, which dipped gently southward, from tidal flats in the north. Early diagenesis of these sediments was facies specific and commonly occurred under marine phreatic conditions. Early meteoric diagenesis is only patchily developed. Later effects of burial diagenesis are common to all sediments. Although close to areas of Hercynian earth movements, there are no signs of synsedimentary tectonics in the Livian sediments. Later movement was restricted to open folding, faulting and thrusting. Bentonite layers are the only evidence of local volcanism. They increase in thickness and abundance towards the east and this is presumed to be the direction of their source area. Only slight lateral variation in sedimentation suggests that there was minimal separation between the Namur region and Vesdre-North Dinant region at the time of deposition. The sedimentological observations presented here, provide limiting conditions for palaeogeographical reconstruction and tectonic controls. Crustal shortening and decollement by northward thrusting was the main form of earth movement. The effect of movement along the Midi Thrust was to juxtapose predominantly submarine sediments from below fair weather wave base (Dinant region) and nearshore peritidal deposits (Namur-Vesdre region). Since the original width of the platform is unknown, the amount of displacement along the thrust is uncertain. A minimum of about 20 km displacement along the thrust is believed to have affected the Dinantian sediments.
7
Mulargia, Simone Maria. "The behaviour of osteocyte dendritic processes in bone under cyclic load (il comportamento dei processi dendritici degli osteociti nel tessuto osseo sottoposti a carico ciclico)." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6809/.
Abstract:
Bone is continually being removed and replaced through the actions of basic multicellular units (BMU). This constant upkeep is necessary to remove microdamage formed naturally due to fatigue and thus maintain the integrity of the bone.
The repair process in bone is targeted, meaning that a BMU travels directly to the site of damage and repairs it. It is still unclear how targeted remodelling is stimulated and directed but it is highly likely that osteocytes play a role. A number of theories have been advanced to explain the microcrack osteocyte interaction but no complete mechanism has been demonstrated.
Osteocytes are connected to each other by dendritic processes. The “scissors model" proposed that the rupture of these processes where they cross microcracks signals the degree of damage and the urgency of the necessary repair. In its original form it was proposed that under applied compressive loading, microcrack faces will be pressed together and undergo relative shear movement. If this movement is greater than the width of an osteocyte process, then the process will be cut in a “scissors like" motion, releasing RANKL, a cytokine known to be essential in the formation of osteoclasts from pre-osteoclasts. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate this theoretical model with a specific focus on microscopy and finite element modelling. Previous studies had proved that cyclic stress was necessary for osteocyte process rupture to occur. This was a divergence from the original “scissors model" which had proposed that the cutting of cell material occurred in one single action.
The present thesis is the first study to show fatigue failure in cellular processes spanning naturally occurring cracks and it's the first study to estimate the cyclic strain range and relate it to the number of cycles to failure, for any type of cell.
Rupture due to shear movement was ruled out as microcrack closing never occurred, as a result of plastic deformation of the bone. Fatigue failure was found to occur due to cyclic tensile stress in the locality of the damage. The strain range necessary for osteocyte process rupture was quantified. It was found that the lower the process strain range the greater the number of cycles to cell process failure.
FEM modelling allowed to predict stress in the vicinity of an osteocyte process and to analyse its interaction with the bone surrounding it: simulations revealed evident creep effects in bone during cyclic loading.
This thesis confirms and dismisses aspects of the “scissors model". The observations support the model as a viable mechanism of microcrack detection by the osteocyte network, albeit in a slightly modified form where cyclic loading is necessary and the method of rupture is fatigue failure due to cyclic tensile motion. An in depth study was performed focusing on microscopy analysis of naturally occurring cracks in bone and FEM simulation analysis of an osteocyte process spanning a microcrack in bone under cyclic load.
8
Alexander, Helen. "Happy harmonies and disturbing discords : Scott Bradley's music for MGM's cartoons." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6809/.
Abstract:
The musical scores of composer Scott Bradley for the cartoons of the Metro- Goldwyn-Mayer studio form the basis of this dissertation, which uses close observation and analysis to address some of the pertinent technical and cultural issues that have been raised in the literature of musicology and of cartoon studies. Bradley’s collaborations with three sets of directors are discussed separately in order to highlight three academic concerns. An investigation into the various practical necessities and cultural influences on Bradley’s work with directors Hugh Harman and Rudolf Ising sets the historical scene at the beginning of the composer’s career. I examine the pervading style of these cartoons and their music in order to reveal some of the personal preoccupations that Bradley’s work would exhibit throughout his life. And I interrogate the general musicological approach to the audiovisual pairing and cartoon scoring practices in order to re-evaluate close synchronization as a variegated technique capable of diverse and nuanced effects. Director Tex Avery and Bradley have independently been considered by various scholars for their adoption of modernist techniques. Their collaboration produced works that challenge the distinction of popular entertainment and modernist art, in a way that is shown to be both multifaceted and difficult to quantify. The position of their cartoons in terms of more frequently recognized modern artforms and its own tradition of slapstick comedy complicate any simple distinction between the two fields. The directorial team of William Hanna and Joseph Barbera produced cartoons that amalgamated some of the techniques learned from the other animators in this study. As well as being the most famous of MGM’s cartoon series, their Tom and Jerry cartoons were the most consistent in terms of style. The comic formula of this series is examined from the relatively new academic area of ‘comic timing’. I explore the possible effect of a constant musical presence on the audience perception of pacing and thereby add a new perspective to an aspect of comedy that has not before been considered with reference to music.
9
Romano, Stella <1987>. "La funzione limitatrice dei principi - valori costituzionali nella giurisprudenza costituzionale. Riflessi ed implicazioni sulla legalità penale." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6809/.
Abstract:
La tesi di ricerca si propone di indagare il riflesso che i principi/valori producono sul parametro nel sindacato di legittimità costituzionale, al fine di verificarne le implicazioni sulla legalità, in termini di prevedibilità e certezza. In particolare, delineata la connessione tra principi e valori costituzionali e, ricostruito, secondo la teoria dell'ordinamento, il rapporto tra valori e normatività,si analizzano i riflessi prodotti, sul piano interpretativo, dall’apertura del parametro costituzionale alla logica dei valori, enfatizzandone le ricadute sul controllo di costituzionalità delle leggi. Identificato il nesso tra principi e valori nella capacità funzionale dei primi di realizzare i diritti fondamentali, si è inteso rimarcare come la più estesa realizzazione dei principi-valori costituzionali potrebbe compiersi a spese della legge e della certezza del diritto, in una relazione inversamente proporzionale. Ciò apparirebbe evidente dall’ottica privilegiata della materia penale, per cui una legalità materiale, letta alla luce di criteri di adeguatezza e di ragionevole proporzione, seppur vicina alle esigenze di giustizia del caso concreto, se spinta in eccessi interpretativi rischia di invadere il campo del legislatore, unico deputato a compiere scelte di valore.The thesis aims to investigate the effects that principles/ values product on the constitutional parameter, in order to verify the impact on the legality in terms of predictability and certainty. In particular, outlined the connection between constitutional principles and values, and rebuilit, at the same time, the relationship between values and normativity, we analyze the effects that the logic of values product on the constitutional parameter, emphasizing the impact on the constitutional judgement. So identified the link between principles and values in the functional capacity of the first to realize the fundamental rights, the intention is to point out how the most extensive implementation of the principles-constitutional values could be accomplished at the expense of the law and of legal certainty in a relationship inversely proportional. This would appear evident from the privileged optic of criminal matters,for which the legality, read in the light of criteria of adequacy and reasonable proportion, closed to the needs of the justice of the case, if pushed in excess of interpretation threatens to invade the field of the legislature, the only deputy to make value choices.
10
Almotahari, Mahrad. "Situating language and consciousness." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68909.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-104).
Language and consciousness enrich our lives. But they are rare commodities; most creatures are language-less and unconscious. This dissertation is about the conditions that distinguish the haves from the have-nots. The semantic properties of a natural language expression are determined by conventions governing the way speakers use the expression to communicate information. The capacity to speak a language involves highly specialized (perhaps even modular) cognition. Some authors think that one cannot consistently accept both views. In Chapter 1 ('Content and Competence') I explain why one can. According to the convention-based theory of content determination, propositions are fit to be the contents of both thought and speech. Recently, this view has been challenged. The challenge exploits a series of observations about what it takes to understand semantically incomplete sentences. In Chapter 2 ('Speaker Meaning in Context'), I explain how the challenge can be met. Physicalists seem to owe an explanatory debt. Why should psychophysical relations appear contingent? In Chapter 3 ('There Couldn't Have Been Zombies, but it's a Lucky Coincidence That There Aren't') I pay the debt on their behalf. My explanation proceeds in three steps. First, I observe that there are necessary coincidences, or accidents. Second, I show that traditional epistemological arguments for dualism merely establish that phenomenal states and corresponding physical states are accidentally, or coincidentally, related. Finally, I suggest that inattention to the distinction between coincidence/accidentality and contingency results in frequent equivocation. Thus the disposition to (correctly) judge that psychophysical relations are coincidences manifests itself as a disposition to (incorrectly) judge that psychophysical relations are contingent. In Chapter 4 ('Zombies are Inconceivable') I deny that psychophysical relations appear contingent. The chapter begins with an argument to the effect that zombies cannot be coherently conceived. I then consider and reject various ways of resisting the argument.
by Mahrad Almotahari.
Ph.D.
Books on the topic "68T09":
1
Zschocke, Jörg. Der Mikroprozessor 6809. Edited by Harald Schumny. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14182-2.
2
Leventhal, Lance A. Assembly language subroutines for the 6809. London: McGraw-Hill, 1989.
3
Leventhal, Lance A. Assembly language subroutines for the 6809. London: McGraw-Hill, 1989.
4
Paramesran, Raveendran. Advanced 8-bit microprocessor, MC6809: Its software, hardware, architecture, and interfacing techniques. Singapore: Springer, 1997.
5
Horvath, Ralph. Introduction to microprocessors using the MC6809 or the MC68000. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1992.
6
Dupuis, Caroline. Der Plinius-Kommentar des Paulus Manutius im Codex Parisinus Latinus 6809. Hamburg: Kovac̆, 1999.
7
Liu, Jia. Biomimetics Through Nanoelectronics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68609-7.
8
Netzband, Maik, William L. Stefanov, and Charles Redman, eds. Applied Remote Sensing for Urban Planning, Governance and Sustainability. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68009-3.
9
Pettersson, Lasse H., and Dmitry Pozdnyakov. Monitoring of Harmful Algal Blooms. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68209-7.
10
Okada, Yoshitaka, ed. Japan’s Industrial Technology Development. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68509-8.
Book chapters on the topic "68T09":
1
Zschocke, Jörg. "Der Mikroprozessor 6809." In Der Mikroprozessor 6809, 19–122. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14182-2_2.
2
Zschocke, Jörg. "Mikroprozessorsysteme mit dem 6809." In Der Mikroprozessor 6809, 220–43. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14182-2_4.
3
Zschocke, Jörg. "Einführung in die Struktur und Arbeitsweise eines Mikroprozessorsystems." In Der Mikroprozessor 6809, 1–18. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14182-2_1.
4
Zschocke, Jörg. "Mikroprozessorbausteine." In Der Mikroprozessor 6809, 123–219. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14182-2_3.
5
Zschocke, Jörg. "Datensteuerung und Schnittstellen." In Der Mikroprozessor 6809, 244–88. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14182-2_5.
6
Zschocke, Jörg. "Einführung in maschinenorientiertes Programmieren mit dem 6809." In Der Mikroprozessor 6809, 289–335. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14182-2_6.
7
Zschocke, Jörg. "Der 6809 im praktischen Einsatz." In Der Mikroprozessor 6809, 336–77. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14182-2_7.
8
Irwin, Michael J., and Virginia Trimble. "An Automated HR Diagram for NGC 6809 (M 55)." In The Harlow-Shapley Symposium on Globular Cluster Systems in Galaxies, 627–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-1104-9_136.
9
van Teeseling, A., K. Reinsch, K. Beuermann, H. C. Thomas, and M. W. Pakull. "Optical spectroscopy of RX J0439.8-6809 and 1E 0035.4-7230." In Lecture Notes in Physics, 115–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0102253.
10
Goldman, Melvin, and Yoshitaka Okada. "Introduction." In Japan’s Industrial Technology Development, 1–6. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68509-8_1.
Conference papers on the topic "68T09":
1
SPIE-IS&T, Proceedings of. "Front Matter: Volume 6809." In Electronic Imaging 2008, edited by Katy Börner, Matti T. Gröhn, Jinah Park, and Jonathan C. Roberts. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.787613.
2
Matsunuma, Takayuki. "Effects of Reynolds Number and Free-Stream Turbulence on Turbine Tip Clearance Flow." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68009.
Abstract:
Tip clearance losses represent a major efficiency penalty of turbine blades. This paper describes the effect of tip clearance on the aerodynamic characteristics of an unshrouded axial-flow turbine cascade under very low Reynolds number conditions. The Reynolds number based on the true chord length and exit velocity of the turbine cascade was varied from 4.4 × 104 to 26.6 × 104 by changing the velocity of fluid flow. The free-stream turbulence intensity was varied between 0.5% and 4.1% by modifying turbulence generation sheet settings. Three-dimensional flow fields at the exit of the turbine cascade were measured both with and without tip clearance using a five-hole pressure probe. Tip leakage flow generated a large high total pressure loss region. Variations in the Reynolds number and free-stream turbulence intensity changed the distributions of three-dimensional flow, but had no effect on the mass-averaged tip clearance loss of the turbine cascade.
3
Kuzmenko, M. L., I. N. Egorov, and Yu N. Shmotin. "Axial Fan Optimization Using 3D Codes." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68209.
Abstract:
The paper presents examples of research aimed at axial fan optimization: both mechanical and aerodynamic. The optimization is based on up-to-date analysis and optimization tools. As the analysis tools the well-known commercial software packages (FINE/Design3D, CFX-TASCflow and ANSYS) are used, as well as the models developed by NPO Saturn. As the optimization tools the IOSO technology was used. This technology is based on the widespread application of the response surface technique. Two examples of real-world problems and their optimized solutions are presented in the paper. The first one is connected with the search for optimum geometry for the rotor of up-to-date fan. The goal of the research was to ensure highest strength indices of the rotor. The multi-objective approach was used to solve this task (5 objectives). As the analysis the ANSYS software code was used, while the search for optimum solutions was carried out using IOSO NM algorithm designed for parallel multi-objective optimization within the frameworks of IOSO Technology. As a result, the improvement of all strength indices was obtained (from 9 to 56% as compared with the prototype). The goal of the second optimization problem was to increase the efficiency of fan rotor in the given point of its characteristics considering the splitting of the flow into core and bypass ducts. The peculiarity of this problem was the necessity to keep strength constraints (multidisciplinary approach). To solve this problem the 3-D CFD code and multilevel algorithm of IOSO technology was used. The search for optimum was carried out in the multi-objective statement (the compromise between the efficiency levels for core and bypass contours was searched). The optimization research allowed the rise of the fan rotor efficiency by more than 1.5%.
4
Franke, Benedict Y., Stephan Staudacher, Stefan Spieler, and Dirk Gebser. "Factory and Process Simulation in Aero-Engine Component Manufacturing." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68309.
Abstract:
This paper deals with factory and process simulation at an early stage of product introduction. During this stage basic considerations about producibility and impact on factory and supply chain logistics are of utter importance. Steps required to develop a realistic imitation of an (in this case) engine manufacturer plant are discussed. It is laid out how time variances, machine breakdowns as well as historic process capability and quality data can be included to create a model, which is able to realistically predict the impact of the introduction of new products. A feature-based approach to evaluate process capability for new products which have to be introduced is described. An example is given by the application of this approach to a modern engine high pressure compressor drum.
5
Metnani, Mabruk. "Effective Pressure Formulation for Gas Well Test Analysis." In SPE Middle East Oil Show. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/68109-ms.
6
McElhiney, John E., Robert D. Sydansk, Kurt A. Lintelmann, William M. Benzel, and Kimberly B. Davidson. "Determination of In-Situ Precipitation of Barium Sulphate During Coreflooding." In International Symposium on Oilfield Scale. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/68309-ms.
7
Osterloh, W. Terry, and Jeff Jones. "Process for Recovery of Extremely Shallow Heavy Oil." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/68809-ms.
8
Tabatabaee, Mohammad Hadi, and Bahram Ravani. "A Non-Iterative Carrier Phase Differential GNSS Kinematic Localization Method." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-68209.
Abstract:
Reliable and accurate kinematic localization is becoming more important in autonomous vehicles and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) which need to precisely locate vehicles on roadways. Code-base undifferenced GNSS receivers provide rough position estimates with errors too large to be practical for such applications. Carrier-phase observations are able to provide sub-meter accuracies and have been receiving much attention in recent years. Iterative methods are commonly used for solving the double-difference equations and find the receiver co-ordinates. This paper presents a non-iterative method for solving double-differenced carrier phase observation equations and evaluates its effectiveness for kinematic localization for vehicle positioning.
9
Siripurapu, Sundeep Krishna, and Anthony F. Luscher. "Modeling Shear Performance of High-Speed Ridged Nail in Aluminum Joints." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-68309.
Abstract:
The automobile industry is currently moving towards increasing fuel economy by reducing vehicle weight. A high-speed ridged nailing technology is a new technology which can solve the challenges involved with multi-material joining in automobile industry. This study investigated the performance of the high speed ridged nail joints made with Aluminum 6061-T6 in pure shear loading. An LS-DYNA FEA model of high-speed ridged nail joint was developed and model results were validated against corresponding experimental results from pure shear loading tests till failure. It was shown that the proposed shear model agreed with experimental results. A set of sensitivity studies were carried out to identify the influential material model type, influence of petalling and effect of ridge-engagement on the joint strength in shear. The model was further used to simulate performance of high-speed ridged nail joints with different thickness combinations. The findings of these simulations indicate that high-speed ridged nail is a viable solution for material joining. Regression models based on bottom plate thickness were proposed.
10
Pandey, Vijitashwa, Zissimos P. Mourelatos, and Judson Estes. "Uncertainty Modeling Using Mixture Distributions in Engineering Systems." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-68409.
Abstract:
Uncertainty is an engineering reality. Attempts to model and reconcile with this uncertainty are generally thwarted by the dearth of available data. In this paper, we use the concept of mixture distributions to address uncertainty modeling under limited information. Mixtures allow for flexibility in modeling of the distributions in question, especially when multimodality exists, is expected to exist, or the data does not come from any of the well-known distributions types. This is expected and observed in domains such as manufacturing, where data intrinsically comes from various sources — e.g. a part provided by multiple suppliers. The proposed approach uses a maximum likelihood based optimization algorithm (EM algorithm) to model limited data as a mixture of multivariate normal distributions. The application problem we choose is that of alignment of vehicles during manufacture. For the application problem, our approach is able to accurately predict repair frequency and outperforms the use of a single multivariate distribution. Our results indicate that the use of mixture distributions warrants further investigations particularly for efficient calculation of expectations of metrics of interest in engineering design.