Journal articles: '666.266.6 : 666.293'

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Lar, Claudia, Gheorghe-Doru Roiban, Romina Crăsneanu, Ilişca Mihalca, Elena Bogdan, Anamaria Terec, and Ion Grosu. "Synthesis and photophysical properties of some 6,6″-functionalized terpyridine derivatives." Open Chemistry 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-010-0146-4.

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AbstractThe synthesis and photophysical properties of several 6,6″ symmetrically substituted 4′-aryl-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine derivatives are reported herein. The UV-Vis spectra in acetonitrile as well as in dichloromethane show two intense bands in the UV areas 252–262 nm and 275–290 nm while the fluorescence emission spectra are only slightly influenced by chemical derivatization.

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Leonard, B. E. "Neuropeptide Y protocols. Edited by A. Balasubramaniam. Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey, 2000. Pages: 246. ISBN: 0-89603-662-6." Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 16, no. 6 (2001): 487–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hup.293.

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Cammell, S. B., D. E. Beever, J. D. Sutton, J. France, the late G. Alderman, and D. J. Humphries. "An examination of energy utilization in lactating dairy cows receiving a total mixed ration based on maize silage." Animal Science 71, no. 3 (December 2000): 585–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800055314.

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AbstractSix multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows were offered a total mixed ration based on maize silage in a repeated measure design to evaluate the partition of gross energy (GE) during early to mid lactation. Four measurements were made at 6-week intervals with energy and nitrogen balances carried out in open-circuit respiration chambers over 6 days during lactation weeks 6, 12, 18 and 24. The intakes of total diet dry matter (DM) corrected for volatile losses (VCDM), organic matter (OM) and GE declined significantly (P< 0•01) as lactation progressed, although apparent digestibility of these fractions was not altered, resulting in a significant (P< 0•01) decline in digestible nutrient intake at each stage of lactation. Methane and urine energy losses were not significantly affected, resulting in significantly (P< 0·001) higher amounts of digestible energy (DE) partitioned to methane and urine as lactation progressed with associated significant reductions in metabolizable energy (ME) intake (MEI) (P< 0·01) and ME as a proportion of DE (P< 0·001) and GE (q) (P< 0·05). With advancing lactation there was a significant (P< 0·001) increase in the amount of ME partitioned to heat (HP/MEI), but no significant change in the amount partitioned to milk and tissue. Individual values for diet metabolizability (ME/GE) at actual (production) levels (qa) (mean 0·625 MJ/MJ) were corrected to an equivalent value at maintenance (qmc) (mean 0·666 MJ/MJ). The overall ME intakes (MJ/day) were: ad libitum, 246, corrected for level of feeding effect, 263, with a predicted ME requirement according to AFRC (1993) (MER93) of 242. Substitution of the calculated qmc into the predictive equations (AFRC, 1993) resulted in a mean maintenance requirement of 57·6 MJ/day (0·464 MJ/kg M0·75/day) whilst the mean value derived from the linear model describing the experimental data was 82·5 MJ/day (0·664 MJ/kg M0·75/day). The mean efficiencies of utilization of ME for milk production derived from AFRC (1993) and the linear regression model were 0·653 MJ/MJ and 0·625 MJ/MJ respectively.

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Sorigue, Marc, Juan-Manuel Sancho, Santiago Mercadal, Ruben Fernández-Álvarez, Helena Pomares, Olga Garcia, Eva González-Barca, et al. "Prevalence, Predictive Factors Therapy and Outcome of Patients with Follicular Lymphoma Refractory to First Line Immunochemotherapy." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.1510.1510.

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Abstract Background: Follicular lymphoma (FL) is the most frequent indolent lymphoma and is characterized by a high response to immunochemotherapy (ICT). However, patients refractory to first-line ICT have a worse prognosis. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of refractory FL, the factors that predict refractoriness as well as the salvage treatment and outcome. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective analysis including stage II-IV FL patients treated with first-line ICT in 3 Spanish institutions. The cohort was divided into ICT-refractory patients (less than partial response after induction or maintenance/consolidation therapy, as well as relapse or progression within 6 months of the last dose of therapy) and ICT-sensitive. Baseline features, therapy received and outcome were analyzed. Results: 283 patients were included, the median age was 58 years-old (range 28 to 85) and 53% were female. 200/231 (87%) had a good performance status (ECOG < 2), 260/295 (88%) presented with stages III and IV and 163/284 (57%) had bone marrow involvement. High-risk FLIPI score was seen in 108/256 (42%), high serum LDH in 78/263 (28%) and high serum B2-microglobulin in 138/253 (54%). RCHOP was administered to 226 (80%), RCVP to 36 (13%) and rituximab in combination with fludarabine or bendamustine-based therapy to 21 (7%). Seventeen patients received consolidation with radioimmunotherapy and 140 received maintenance with rituximab (n=137) or interferon (n=3). Sixteen patients received complementary radiotherapy. Forty-three (16%) patients were ICT-refractory (37 within 6 months of the completion of induction and 6 during or within 6 months of the completion of maintenance/consolidation therapy). On univariate analysis, high-risk FLIPI (OR 5.4, [95% CI 2.3-12.6]), high-risk FLIPI2 (5.4, [2.4-12.4]), B symptoms (3.2, [1.6-6.6]), ECOG ≥ 2 (4.6, [2-10.9]), involvement of > 4 nodal regions (2.3, [1.02-5.3]), hepatomegaly (7.5, [2.6-21.5]), splenomegaly (2.8, [1.4-5.9]), high B2-microglobulin (4, [1.7-9.5]), high serum LDH (3.9, [1.8-8]) and treatment with RCVP (compared with RCHOP, 2.8, [1.2-6.2]) were correlated with refractoriness. On multivariate analysis, high-risk FLIPI score (4.9, [2.1-11.7]) and treatment with RCVP (3.4, [1.2-9.4]) were the only variables associated with refractoriness. After exclusion of FLIPI, ECOG ≥ 2 (3, [1.1-8.4]) and high serum LDH (4.7, [2-11]) were correlated with refractoriness, in addition to RCVP therapy (4.5, [1.5-13.2]). Ten-year OS probabilities in ICT-sensitive and ICT-refractory patients were 83% (95% CI 76%-90%) and 33% (12%-54%), respectively (p<0.001) (Figure 1). ICT-refractory patients were more likely to be also refractory to second-line therapies than ICT-sensitive patients (21/31 [68%] vs 10/58 [17%], p<0.001). In addition, histological transformation was suspected by clinical or biological features or confirmed by tissue biopsy in 11/43 ICT-refractory and 8/240 ICT-sensitive (p<0.0001). Death among ICT-refractory patients was more frequently due to lymphoma than in ICT-sensitive patients (19/23 [83%] vs 14/28 [50%], p=0.033). Conclusions: In this series of FL treated with first-line ICT, the prevalence of refractoriness was low and occurred most frequently during or within 6 months of induction rather than maintenance/consolidation therapy. FLIPI score and RCVP treatment (compared to RCHOP) were predictive of refractoriness. The response rate of ICT-refractory FL patients to second-line therapy is low and the prognosis is poor. Supported in part by RD12/0036/0029 del RTICC, Instituto Carlos III. Figure 1. Overall survival in immunochemotherapy (ICT)-sensitive and ICT-refractory patients (p<001) Figure 1. Overall survival in immunochemotherapy (ICT)-sensitive and ICT-refractory patients (p<001) Disclosures Sancho: CELLTRION, Inc.: Research Funding. Sureda:Seattle Genetics Inc.: Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau.

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Golubev, A. M., A. V. Grechko, V. E. Zakharchenko, M. M. Kanarsky, M. V. Petrova, and I. V. Borisov. "Comparative Characterization of Candidate Molecular Markers in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke." General Reanimatology 17, no. 5 (October 23, 2021): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2021-5-23-34.

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According to epidemiological studies, the leading cause of morbidity, disability and mortality are cerebrovascular diseases, in particular ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. In recent years considerable attention has been given to the study of molecular markers of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. These studies are relevant because brain-specific protein biomarkers of neurons and glial cells can provide valuable and timely diagnostic information necessary for clinical decision-making.The aim of the study was to reveal the differences in the serum level of molecular markers in acute, subacute and early recovery periods of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.Material and methods. The study included 59 patients. Twenty patients were diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke and 39 had ischemic stroke. The control group included 20 volunteers. Serum levels of molecular CNS markers were determined in acute, subacute, and early recovery stages of stroke. The serum levels of CNS molecular markers of patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke was measured quantitatively by enzyme immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed by nonparametric Mann-Whitney method.Results. The level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the control volunteers was 574.5 [455.5; 615] pg/ml. Significant differences were found for acute and subacute periods of hemorrhagic stroke: it was 674 [560; 749] pg/ml (P=0.003) and 664 [616; 762] pg/ml (P=0.0001).The level of neuron-specific enolase was significantly increased in all periods of the study: it was 4.15 [3.53; 4.8] ng/ml in the control group, 5.4 [4.4; 6.4] ng/ml in acute period of ischemic stroke (P<0.001), 5.4 [4.4; 6.4] ng/ml in early recovery period of ischemic stroke (P=0.001), 5.1 [4.6; 6.4] ng/ml in acute period of hemorrhagic stroke (P=0.014), 664 [616; 762] ng/ml in subacute period of hemorrhagic stroke (P=0.003).In the control group, the serum S-100 protein level was 4.5 [3.8; 5.4] ng/ml. In the acute and early recovery periods of ischemic stroke, S-100 protein level has significantly fallen down to 4.1 [3.4; 4.6] ng/ml (P<0.031) and 3.9 [3.4; 6] ng/ml (P=0.014), respectively. Glial-cell derived neurotrophic factor level was 1.98 [1.64; 2.1] ng/ml in the controls and increased up to 2.4 [2.2; 5] ng/ml (P=0.002) in the acute period and 2.4 [2.3; 2.6] ng/ml (P<0.001) in the subacute period of hemorrhagic stroke.The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) was significantly lower in the subacute period of hemorrhagic stroke: 485 [211; 945] pg/ml in the subacute period vs 903.5 [626; 1115] pg/ml in the controls (P=0.001).Conclusion. We found differences in the serum level of molecular markers in patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. In the acute period, early recovery period of ischemic stroke, and subacute period of hemorrhagic stroke, there was an increase in the serum level of neuron-specific enolase. The level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor increased significantly in the acute and subacute periods of hemorrhagic stroke. In the acute and early recovery periods of ischemic stroke, the level of S-100 protein decreased. The level of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor increased in the acute and subacute periods of hemorrhagic stroke. In the subacute period of hemorrhagic stroke, the level of endothelial growth factor receptor-1 significantly decreased. Moreover, there was significant difference between values of this parameter in the subacute period of hemorrhagic stroke and in the early recovery period of ischemic stroke.

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Edgell, G. J. "Book reviewsBrick and block masonry Editor: de CourcyJ. W. Elsevier Applied Science, Barking, 1988. 234 mm × 152 mm. 3 volumes: 594 pp., 658 pp., 666 pp. Illustrated, hardback. 1 85166 262 6; 1 85166 263 4; 1 85166 264 2 £160 (3 volumes)." Magazine of Concrete Research 41, no. 147 (June 1989): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/macr.1989.41.147.115.

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Seita, Y., S. Sugio, D. Sano, M. Nakada, M. Hoshina, Y. Okuda, J. Ito, and N. Kashiwazaki. "273 REMOVAL OF ACROSOME FROM SPERM HEADS IMPROVES DEVELOPMENT OF RAT ZYGOTES THROUGH INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 1 (2008): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv20n1ab273.

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In intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), sperm chromatin is introduced into the oocyte together with acrosome, which does not enter cytoplasm of oocytes during normal fertilization. In mice, acrosome of sperm head has a detrimental effect on embryonic development of the ICSI oocytes (Morozumi et al. 2006 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103, 17 661–17 666). We examined the effect of acrosome removal of frozen/thawed (F/T) rat sperm on development to term of the ICSI oocytes in order to improve production efficiency of live offspring from F/T rat spermatozoa through ICSI. In experiment 1, epididymal spermatozoa of the Wistar rats were frozen as described previously (Seita et al. 2005 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 18, 256 abst). The F/T spermatozoa were sonicated to separate sperm heads. The sperm heads were divided into 3 treatment groups; nontreated sperm head (control), sperm heads exposed in 0.02% of Triton X-100 solution for 1 min (TX), sperm heads exposed in 0.02% lysolectin solution for 1 min (LL). Acrosomal status of the sperm heads was then examined by FITC-peanut agglutinin stain. In experiment 2, sperm heads of the control, TX, and LL treatments were microinjected into denuded oocytes obtained from superovulated females (Hirabayashi et al. 2002 Transgenic Res. 11, 221–228). The ICSI oocytes were cultured and observed for the formation of pronuclei (2PN) for 6 h and blastocyst formation at 120 h of culture. In experiment 3, the ICSI oocytes cultured for 6 h were transferred to recipient females to examine development to term. Statistical analyses of the results were carried out by 1-way ANOVA. In experiment 1, the TX (76%) and LL (89%) treatments showed higher rates of acrosome removal than that of the control (24%) group (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, the percentage of 2PN formation at 6 h after ICSI was not significantly different among sperm-treated groups, although the TX (76%) and LL (70%) groups were higher than the control (24%) group at 4 h (P < 0.05). The percentages of blastocyst formation were not significantly different among sperm-treated groups (control: 10%; TX: 25%; and LL: 25%). In experiment 3, the efficiency of development to term of the TX treatment group (21%: 12/57) was significantly higher than the control (5%: 3/55; P < 0.05), although the LL treatment group (16%: 12/75) was not significantly different from the control and TX treatment groups. These results indicate that acrosome removal using TX of F/T rat sperm heads before ICSI improves development to term of the ICSI oocytes. This benefical effect of acrosome removal may be due to the quick release of sperm-activating factors from sperm heads after ICSI in the rat.

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Roll, Stephanie, Marc Nocon, and Stefan N. Willich. "Reduction of common cold symptoms by encapsulated juice powder concentrate of fruits and vegetables: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial." British Journal of Nutrition 105, no. 1 (August 23, 2010): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711451000317x.

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Dietary supplements have been suggested in the prevention of the common cold, but previous investigations have been inconsistent. The present study was designed to determine the preventive effect of a dietary supplement from fruits and vegetables on common cold symptoms. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, healthcare professionals (mainly nursing staff aged 18–65 years) from a university hospital in Berlin, Germany, were randomised to four capsules of dietary supplement (Juice Plus+®) or matching placebo daily for 8 months, including a 2-month run-in period. The number of days with moderate or severe common cold symptoms within 6 months (primary outcome) was assessed by diary self-reports. We determined means and 95 % CI, and differences between the two groups were analysed by ANOVA. A total of 529 subjects were included into the primary analysis (Juice Plus+®: 263, placebo: 266). The mean age of the participants was 39·9 (sd 10·3) years, and 80 % of the participants were female. The mean number of days with moderate or severe common cold symptoms was 7·6 (95 % CI 6·5, 8·8) in the Juice Plus+® group and 9·5 (8·4, 10·6) in the placebo group (P = 0·023). The mean number of total days with any common cold symptoms was similar in the Juice Plus+® and in the placebo groups (29·4 (25·8, 33·0) v. 30·7 (27·1, 34·3), P = 0·616). Intake of a dietary supplement from fruits and vegetables was associated with a 20 % reduction of moderate or severe common cold symptom days in healthcare professionals particularly exposed to patient contact.

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Shiga, Kazuyoshi, Masayasu Hara, Takaya Nagasaki, Takafumi Sato, Hiroki Takahashi, Mikinori Sato, and Hiromitsu Takeyama. "Preoperative Serum Interleukin-6 Is a Potential Prognostic Factor for Colorectal Cancer, including Stage II Patients." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9701574.

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Aims. To evaluate the prognostic significance of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) in colorectal cancer (CRC).Patients and Methods. Preoperative serum IL-6 was measured in 233 CRC patients and 13 healthy controls. Relationships between IL-6 and various clinicopathological factors were evaluated, and the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates according to IL-6 status were calculated for all patients and according to disease stage.Results. The mean IL-6 level was 6.6 pg/mL in CRC patients and 2.6 pg/mL in healthy controls. Using a cutoff of 6.3 pg/mL, obtained using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, 57 patients had a high IL-6 level. The mean value was higher for stage II disease than for stage III disease. IL-6 status correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) and carcinoembryonic antigen levels, obstruction, and pT4 disease. The OS differed according to the IL-6 status for all patients, whereas the DFS differed for all patients and for those with stage II disease. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that pT4 disease was an independent risk factor for recurrence in all CRC patients; IL-6, CRP, and pT4 were significant risk factors in stage II patients.Conclusions. The preoperative IL-6 level influences the risk of CRC recurrence.

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Jassem, Jacek, Roy S. Herbst, Filippo de Marinis, Jacques Cadranel, Tibor Csőszi, Dolores Isla, Gongyan Chen, et al. "IMpower110: Clinical safety in a phase III study of atezolizumab (atezo) monotherapy (mono) vs platinum-based chemotherapy (chemo) in first-line non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): e21623-e21623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e21623.

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e21623 Background: IMpower110 evaluated atezo mono in PD-L1–selected, chemo-naive patients (pts) with nonsquamous (nsq) or squamous (sq) NSCLC. At the interim analysis, IMpower110 met its primary OS endpoint, with a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement for atezo vs chemo in TC3 or IC3 wild-type ( EGFR/ALK-negative) pts. We report on the safety profile of atezo vs chemo in IMpower110. Methods: 572 pts with stage IV nsq or sq NSCLC, PD-L1 expression ≥ 1% on TC or IC and ECOG PS 0-1 were randomized 1:1 to receive atezo (1200 mg IV q3w) or chemo (4 or 6 21-day cycles). In the chemo arm, nsq pts received cisplatin (cis) 75 mg/m2 or carboplatin (carbo) AUC 6 + pemetrexed (pem) 500 mg/m2 IV q3w; sq pts received cis 75 mg/m2 + gemcitabine (gem) 1250 mg/m2 or carbo AUC 5 + gem 1000 mg/m2 IV q3w. Safety was assessed in all treated pts (safety evaluable [SE] population [pop]), regardless of PD-L1 expression or EGFR/ALK status. AEs were summarized per MedDRA v22.0 and severity graded per NCI CTCAE v4.0. Immune-mediated AEs (imAEs) were defined per a sponsor-specified list of terms, regardless of whether the events led to systemic glucocorticoid, endocrine therapy, or other immunosuppressants use. Results: At data cutoff (Sep 10, 2018) within the ITT pop, treatment (tx) was ongoing in 90 (atezo: 31.6%) and 25 (chemo: 8.7%) pts, with 13.7 mo of follow-up. Within the SE pop (atezo: n = 286, chemo: n = 263), atezo pts had longer tx exposure (5.3 mo) vs chemo pts (pem, 3.5 mo; gem, 2.6 mo; carbo, 2.3 mo; cis, 2.1 mo). Atezo had a favorable safety profile vs chemo (table); safety data were consistent with data from a pooled atezo mono pop. imAEs occurred in 40.2% (atezo) and 16.7% (chemo) of pts and were Grade (Gr) 3-4 in 6.6% and 1.5%, respectively. Conclusions: Atezo was better tolerated than chemo and imAEs were generally low grade. Overall, the safety experience with atezo mono in IMpower110 was consistent with its known safety profile; no new safety signals were identified. Clinical trial information: NCT02409342. [Table: see text]

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Seymour, Andrea A., Benoni Abboa-Offei, Magdi M. Asaad, and W. Lynn Rogers. "Evaluation of SQ 28 603, an inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase, in conscious monkeys." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 69, no. 10 (October 1, 1991): 1609–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y91-238.

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The potent neutral endopeptidase inhibitor SQ 28 603 (N-(2-(mercaptomethyl)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropyl)-β-alanine) significantly increased excretion of sodium from 4.9 ± 2.3 to 14.3 ± 2.1 μequiv./min and cyclic 3′,5′-guanosine monophosphate from 118 ± 13 to 179 ± 18 pmol/min after intravenous administration of 300 μmol/kg (~80 mg/kg) in conscious female cynomolgus monkeys. SQ 28 603 did not change blood pressure or plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations in the normal monkeys. In contrast, 1-h infusions of 3, 10, or 30 pmol∙kg−1∙min−1 of human atrial natriuretic peptide lowered blood pressure by −3 ± 4, −9 ± 4, and −27 ± 3 mmHg (1 mmHg = 133.322 Pa), increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate excretion from 78 ± 11 to 90 ± 6, 216 ± 33, and 531 ± 41 pmol/min, and raised plasma atrial natriuretic peptide from 7.2 ± 0.7 to 21 ± 4, 62 ± 12, and 192 ± 35 fmol/mL without affecting sodium excretion. In monkeys receiving 10 pmol∙kg−1∙min−1 of atrial natriuretic peptide, 300 μmol/kg of SQ 28 603 reduced mean arterial pressure by −13 ± 5 mmHg and increased sodium excretion from 6.6 ± 3.2 to 31.3 ± 6.0 μequiv./min, cyclic guanosine monophosphate excretion from 342 ± 68 to 1144 ± 418 pmol/min, and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide from 124 ± 8 to 262 ± 52 fmol/mL. In conclusion, SQ 28 603 stimulated renal excretory function in conscious monkeys, presumably by preventing the degradation of atrial natriuretic peptide by neutral endopeptidase.Key words: atrial natriuretic peptide, neutral endopeptidase, natriuresis, cyclic guanosine monophosphate.

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Chen, Yinglong, Binglin Chen, Haimiao Wang, Wei Hu, Shanshan Wang, and Zhiguo Zhou. "Combined elevated temperature and soil waterlogging stresses limit fibre biomass accumulation and fibre quality formation by disrupting protein activity during cotton fibre development." Functional Plant Biology 46, no. 8 (2019): 715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp18192.

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Soil waterlogging and high temperature conditions generally occur together, especially in the Yangtze River Valley, China, negatively affecting cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fibre development. Therefore, combined elevated temperature (34.1/29.0°C) and soil waterlogging (6 days) were imposed to study their combined effects on fibre biomass and fibre qualities (length, strength and micronaire). The results showed that in the boll cohort exposed to waterlogging and/or elevated air temperature, combined elevated temperature and soil waterlogging decreased final fibre length (by 8.9–11.3%) and fibre biomass (by 25.8–33.9%) more than either stress individually. A total of 113, 263 and 290 differential abundance proteins were identified related to elevated temperature, waterlogging and the two treatments combined, respectively, in fibres at 15 days after anthesis via the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation technique, which were classified as: carbohydrate and energy metabolism (21.7%), protein metabolism (16.6%), amino acid metabolism (12.8%), intracellular structural components (6.6%), transport (7.9%), oxidation–reduction process (7.9%), signal transduction (5.2%), lipid metabolism (5.2%), stress response (5.2%), nucleic acid metabolism (4.5%), organic acid metabolism (3.4%) and others (2.1%). Both vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) and plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PMH+-ATPase) were responsible for fibre length formation, although V-ATPase expression may play a major role in determining fibre cell elongation rather than PM H+-ATPase expression. It was concluded that fibre cell elongation and secondary wall thickening were inhibited mainly by reduced accumulation of osmolytes, blocked synthesis and transport of secondary wall components, and disruption of the cytoskeleton system under combined elevated temperature and soil waterlogging.

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Flood, James G., Tahira Khaliq, Kenneth A. Bishop, and David A. Griggs. "The New Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Oral Fluid Cutoffs for Cocaine and Heroin-Related Analytes Applied to an Addiction Medicine Setting: Important, Unanticipated Findings with LC-MS/MS." Clinical Chemistry 62, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2015.251066.

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Abstract BACKGROUND We implemented oral fluid (OF) as an alternative specimen type to urine for detection of cocaine (COC) and opiate abuse in outpatient addiction medicine clinics. METHODS We implemented a 2-μg/L limit of quantification OF LC-MS/MS assay and compiled and reviewed all findings from a 22-month collection period for COC, benzoylecgonine (BZE), codeine (COD), 6-acetylmorphine (MAM), and morphine (MOR). We also compared the results of our clinical samples at different OF cutoffs and analytes specified in the new 2015 SAMHSA OF guidelines. RESULTS Of 3608 OF samples, COC and BZE were positive in 593 and 508, respectively. COC or BZE was positive in 662 samples. Importantly and unexpectedly, 154 samples were COC positive and BZE negative, with 125 having COC 2.0–7.9 μg/L. A simulation with the new guideline cutoffs confirmed 65% (430 of 662) of all COC- or BZE-positive data set samples. Similarly, the new guidelines confirmed 44% (263 of 603) of data set samples positive for MOR or COD. Simulation found that the new, lower MAM guideline cutoffs detected 89% of the 382 MAM-positive samples in the data set, 104 of which the new guidelines had identified as negative for MOR and COD. CONCLUSIONS COC (not BZE) is the dominant low-concentration OF analyte in an addiction medicine setting. This information will aid OF test interpretation. It also illustrates the importance of the 2015 guideline's new immunoassay cross-reactivity requirements and the likely improvement in detection of heroin use stemming from the new, lower MAM cutoffs.

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Magnus, Dan, Santosh Bhatta, and Julie Mytton. "432 Establishing injury surveillance in emergency departments in Nepal: epidemiology and burden of paediatric injuries." Emergency Medicine Journal 37, no. 12 (November 23, 2020): 825.2–827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj-2020-rcemabstracts.7.

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Aims/Objectives/BackgroundGlobally, injuries cause more than 5 million deaths annually. Children and young people are a particularly vulnerable group and injuries are the leading cause of death in people aged 5–24 years globally and a leading cause of disability.In most low and middle-income countries where the majority of global child injury burden occurs, systems for routinely collecting injury data are limited. There is a continuing need for better data on childhood injuries and for injury surveillance.The aim of our study was to introduce a hospital-based injury surveillance tool – the first of its kind in Nepal and explore its feasibility. We undertook prospective collection of data on all injuries/trauma presenting to 2 hospital emergency departments to describe the epidemiology of paediatric hospital injury presentations and associated risk factors.Methods/DesignA new injury surveillance system for use in emergency departments in Nepal was designed and used to collect data on patients presenting with injuries. Data were collected prospectively in two hospitals 24 h a day over 12 months (April 2019 - March 2020) by trained data collectors using tablet computers.Abstract 432 Table 1Socio-demographic profile and characteristics of injury among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020 (N=2696)CharacteristicsFrequencyGender Male 1778 Female 918 Age groups 0–4 years 653 5–9 years 866 10–14 years 680 15–17 years 497 Median year (IRQ) 8 (5 – 13) Ethnicity/caste Janajati 1384 Brahmin/Chhetri 892 Dalit 148 Madhesi 146 Muslim 74 Others 50 Unknown 2 Place where injury occurred Home/Compound 1576 Highway/road/street 636 School 233 Recreational area 138 Workplace 76 Other 37 Activities at the time injury occurred Leisure/Play 1889 Travelling (other than to/from school/work) 296 Work 202 Travelling (to/from school/work) 184 Education 42 Organised sports 11 Other 52 Unknown 20 Intent of injury Unintentional 2560 Intentional (self-harm) 61 Intentional (assault) 75 Unintentional (n=2560) Fall 912 Animal or insect related 728 Road traffic injury 356 Injured by a blunt force 201 Stabbed, cut or pierced 176 Fire, burn or scald 65 Poisoning 52 Suffocation/choking 36 Electrocution 12 Drowning and submersion 7 Other 13 Unknown 2 Self-harm (n=61) Poisoning 38 Hanging, strangulation, suffocation 12 Stabbed, cut or pierced 6 Injured by blunt object 4 Other 1 Assault (n=75) Bodily force (physical violence) 43 Injured by blunt object 18 Stabbed, cut or pierced 8 Pushing from a high place 2 Poisoning 2 Sexual assault 1 Other 1 Nature of injury (one most severe) Cuts, bites or open wound 1378 Bruise or superficial injury 383 Fracture 299 Sprain, strain or dislocation 243 Internal injury 124 Head Injury/Concussion 83 Burns 67 Other 115 Unknown 2 Not recorded 2 Severity of injury No apparent injury 125 Minor 1645 Moderate 813 Severe 111 Not recorded 2 Disposition Discharged 2317 Admitted to hospital 164 Transferred to another hospital 179 Died 21 Leave Against Medical Advice (LAMA) 11 Unknown 2 Not recorded 2 Note:Not recorded = missing cases95% CI calculated using one proportion test and normal approximation method in Minitab.Abstract 432 Table 2Distribution of injuries by age-group, sex and mechanism of injury among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020Age groups & Sex0 - 4 years5 - 9 years10–14 years15–17 yearsMaleFemaleTotalIntent & mechanismsn (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)Unintentional Fall 239 (26.2) 328 (36.0) 249 (27.3) 96 (10.5) 636 (69.7) 276 (30.3) 912 (100) Animal or insect related 175 (24.0) 260 (35.7) 190 (26.1) 103 (14.1) 470 (64.6) 258 (35.4) 728 (100) Road traffic injury 49 (13.8) 108 (30.3) 86 (24.2) 113 (31.7) 223 (62.6) 133 (37.4) 356 (100) Injured by a blunt force 54 (26.9) 74 (36.8) 49 (24.4) 24 (11.9) 150 (74.6) 51 (25.4) 201 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 20 (11.4) 56 (31.8) 49 (27.8) 51 (29.0) 127 (72.2) 49 (27.8) 176 (100) Fire, burn or scald 42 (64.6) 10 (15.4) 9 (13.8) 4 (6.2) 27 (41.5) 38 (58.5) 65 (100) Poisoning 33 (63.5) 6 (11.5) 5 (9.6) 8 (15.4) 26 (50.0) 26 (50.0) 52 (100) Suffocation/choking 24 (66.7) 5 (13.9) 2 (5.6) 5 (13.9) 20 (55.6) 16 (44.4) 36 (100) Electrocution 2 (15.7) 0 (0.0) 3 (25.0) 7 (58.3) 10 (83.3) 2 (16.7) 12 (100) Drowning and submersion 1 (14.3) 1 (14.3) 3 (42.9) 2 (28.6) 3 (42.9) 4 (57.1) 7 (100) Other 6 (46.2) 4 (30.8) 3 (23.1) 0 (0.0) 10 (76.9) 3 (23.1) 13 (100) Unknown 2 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) 2 (100) Total 647 (25.3) 852 (33.3) 648 (25.3) 413 (16.1) 1702 (66.5) 858 (33.5) 2560 (100) Self-harm Poisoning 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 6 (15.8) 32 (84.2) 7 (18.4) 31 (81.6) 38 (100) Hanging 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 3 (25.0) 9 (75.0) 4 (33.3) 8 (66.7) 12 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (33.3) 4 (66.7) 1 (16.7) 5 (83.3) 6 (100) Injured by blunt object 0 (0.0) 2 (50.0) 2 (50.0) 0 (0.0) 4 (100) 0 (0.0) 4 (100) Other 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) Total 0 (0.0) 2 (3.3) 13 (21.3) 46 (75.4) 17 (27.9) 44 (72.1) 61 (100) Assault Bodily force (physical violence) 3 (7.0) 1 (2.3) 11 (25.6) 28 (65.1) 37 (86.0) 6 (14.0) 43 (100) Injured by blunt object 2 (11.1) 8 (44.4) 4 (22.2) 4 (22.2) 13 (72.2) 5 (27.8) 18 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 1 (12.5) 0 (0.0) 2 (25.0) 5 (62.5) 7 (87.5) 1 (12.5) 8 (100) Pushing from a high place 0 (0.0) 1 (50.0) 1 (50.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (50.0) 1 (50.0) 2 (100) Poisoning 0 (0.0) 1 (50.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (50.0) 1 (50.0) 1 (50.0) 2 (100) Sexual assault 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) 1 (100) Other 0 (0.0) 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) 1 (100) Total 6 (8.0) 12 (16.0) 19 (25.3) 38 (50.7) 59 (78.7) 16 (21.3) 75 (100) Abstract 432 Table 3Association of injury location, nature and severity with age among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020Age groups0 – 4 years5 – 9 years10–14 years15–17 yearsTotalChi-SquareInjury characteristicsn (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)P valueLocation of injury sustained Home/Compound 537 (34.1) 504 (32.0) 319 (20.2) 216 (13.7) 1576 (100) <0.001 Highway/road/street 85 (13.4) 196 (30.8) 190 (29.9) 165 (25.9) 636 (100) School 15 (6.4) 107 (45.9) 85 (36.5) 26 (11.2) 233 (100) Recreational area 9 (6.5) 44 (31.9) 55 (39.9) 30 (21.7) 138 (100) Workplace 1 (1.3) 4 (5.3) 19 (25.0) 52 (68.4) 76 (100) Other 6 (16.2) 11 (29.7) 12 (32.4) 8 (21.6) 37 (100) Total 653 (24.2) 866 (32.1) 680 (25.2) 497 (18.4) 2696 (100) Nature of injury Cuts, bites or open wound 328 (23.8) 506 (36.7) 314 (22.8) 230 (16.7) 1378 (100) <0.001 Bruise or superficial injury 81 (21.1) 99 (25.8) 118 (30.8) 85 (22.2) 383 (100) Fracture 48 (16.1) 101 (33.8) 112 (37.5) 38 (12.7) 299 (100) Sprain, strain or dislocation 48 (19.8) 78 (32.1) 72 (29.6) 45 (18.5) 243 (100) Internal injury 44 (35.5) 8 (6.5) 18 (14.5) 54 (43.5) 124 (100) Head Injury/Concussion 18 (21.7) 26 (31.3) 18 (21.7) 21 (25.3) 83 (100) Burns 42 (62.7) 9 (13.4) 10 (14.9) 6 (9.0) 67 (100) Other 41 (35.7) 38 (33.0) 18 (15.7) 18 (15.7) 115 (100) Unknown 2 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) Total 652 (24.2) 865 (32.1) 680 (25.2) 497 (18.4) 2694 (100) Severity of injury No apparent injury 39 (31.2) 45 (36.0) 26 (20.8) 15 (12.0) 125 (100) <0.001 Minor 419 (25.5) 535 (32.5) 406 (24.7) 285 (17.3) 1645 (100) Moderate 171 (21.0) 262 (32.2) 225 (27.7) 155 (19.1) 813 (100) Severe 23 (20.7) 23 (20.7) 23 (20.7) 42 (37.8) 111 (100) Total 652 (24.2) 865 (32.1) 680 (25.2) 497 (18.4) 2694 (100) Abstract 432 Table 4Association of injury location, nature and severity with sex among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020SexMaleFemaleTotalChi-SquareInjury characteristicsn (%)n (%)n (%)P valueLocation of injury sustained Home/Compound 979 (62.1) 597 (37.9) 1576 (100) <0.001 Highway/road/street 421 (66.2) 215 (33.8) 636 (100) School 176 (75.5) 57 (24.5) 233 (100) Recreational area 111 (80.4) 27 (19.6) 138 (100) Workplace 62 (81.6) 14 (18.4) 76 (100) Other 29 (78.4) 8 (21.6) 37 (100) Total 1778 (65.9) 918 (34.1) 2696 (100) Nature of injury Cuts, bites or open wound 959 (69.6) 419 (30.4) 1378 (100) <0.001 Bruise or superficial injury 246 (64.2) 137 (35.8) 383 (100) Fracture 200 (66.9) 99 (33.1) 299 (100) Sprain, strain or dislocation 154 (63.4) 89 (36.6) 243 (100) Internal injury 50 (40.3) 74 (59.7) 124 (100) Head Injury/Concussion 59 (71.1) 24 (28.9) 83 (100) Burns 27 (40.3) 40 (59.7) 67 (100) Other 79 (68.7) 36 (31.3) 115 (100) Unknown 2 (100) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) Total 1776 (65.9) 918 (34.1) 2694 (100) Severity of injury No apparent injury 81 (64.8) 44 (35.2) 125 (100) 0.048 Minor 1102 (67.0) 543 (33.0) 1645 (100) Moderate 533 (65.6) 280 (34.4) 813 (100) Severe 60 (54.1) 51 (45.9) 111 (100) Total 1776 (65.9) 918 (34.1) 2694 (100) Abstract 432 Table 5Distribution of injuries by outcome and mechanism of injury among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020Outcome of injuryDischargedAdmittedTransferredDiedLAMAUnknownTotalIntent & mechanismsn (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)Unintentional Fall 787 (86.5) 65 (7.1) 53 (5.8) 0 (0.0) 4 (0.4) 1 (0.1) 910 (100) Animal/insect bite/sting 704 (96.7) 3 (0.4) 19 (2.6) 0 (0.0) 1 (0.1) 1 (0.1) 728 (100) Road traffic injury 260 (73.0) 47 (13.2) 44 (12.4) 5 (1.4) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 356 (100) Injured by a blunt force 190 (94.5) 4 (2.0) 6 (3.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (0.5) 0 (0.0) 201 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 165 (93.8) 8 (4.5) 3 (1.7) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 176 (100) Fire, burn or scald 52 (80.0) 12 (18.5) 1 (1.5) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 65 (100) Poisoning 30 (57.7) 4 (7.7) 16 (30.8) 1 (1.9) 1 (1.9) 0 (0.0) 52 (100) Suffocation/choking/asphyxia 24 (66.7) 4 (11.1) 6 (16.7) 1 (2.8) 1 (2.8) 0 (0.0) 36 (100) Electrocution 7 (58.3) 2 (16.7) 2 (16.7) 1 (8.3) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 12 (100) Drowning and submersion 4 (57.1) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 3 (42.9) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 7 (100) Other 12 (92.3) 1 (7.7) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 13 (100) Unknown 2 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) Total 2237 (87.5) 150 (5.9) 150 (5.9) 11 (0.4) 8 (0.3) 2 (0.1) 2558 (100) Self-harm Poisoning 5 (13.2) 8 (21.1) 23 (60.5) 0 (0.0) 2 (5.3) 0 (0.0) 38 (100) Hanging 1 (8.3) 0 (0.0) 1 (8.3) 10 (83.3) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 12 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 6 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 6 (100) Injured by blunt object 4 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 4 (100) Other 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) Total 17 (27.9) 8 (13.1) 24 (39.3) 10 (16.4) 2 (3.3) 0 (0.0) 61 (100) Assault Bodily force (physical violence) 34 (79.1) 5 (11.6) 3 (7.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (2.3) 0 (0.0) 43 (100) Injured by blunt object 18 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 18 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 6 (75.0) 1 (12.5) 1 (12.5) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 8 (100) Pushing from a high place 2 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) Poisoning 1 (50) 0 (0.0) 1 (50.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) Sexual assault 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) Other 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) Total 63 (84.0) 6 (8.0) 5 (6.7) 0 (0.0) 1 (1.3) 0 (0.0) 75 (100) Abstract 432 Figure 1Seasonal variation of injuries identified by the injury surveillance system over a year among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020Results/ConclusionsThe total number of ED patients with injury in the study was 10,154.2,696 were patients aged <18 years. Most injuries in children were unintentional and over half of children presenting with injuries were <10 years of age. Falls, animal bites/stings and road traffic injuries accounted for nearly 75% of all injuries with some (drowning, poisonings and burns) under-represented. Over half of injuries were cuts, bites and open wounds. The next most common injury types were superficial injuries (14.2%); fractures (11.1%); sprains/dislocations (9.0%). Child mortality was 1%.This is the biggest prospective injury surveillance study in a low or middle country in recent years and supports the use of injury surveillance in Nepal for reducing child morbidity and mortality through improved data.CHILD PAPER: RESULTS SECTIONTotal number of ED patients: 33046Total number of ED patient with injury: 10154 (adult=7458 & children=2696)8.2% (n=2696) patients with injury were children aged <18 yearsHetauda hospital: 2274 (84.3%)Chure hill hospital: 422 (15.7%)

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Hufnagel, Demetra, Sumit Mehta, Chinyere Ezekwe, Alaina J. Brown, and Lauren S. Prescott. "Prevalence of anemia and compliance to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for workup and treatment of anemia among patients with gynecologic malignancies." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.32.

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32 Background: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends prompt evaluation of anemic patients with hemoglobin (Hb) ≤ 11g/dL. There are a paucity of studies evaluating compliance with the NCCN guidelines. Our objective was to investigate the prevalence of anemia among patients diagnosed with gynecologic cancers and assess compliance with NCCN guidelines. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed and treated with gynecologic cancer at our institution from 2008-2018. Tumor-registry-confirmed cancer cases were identified using ICD codes from the Synthetic Derivative (SD) database which is a de-identified copy of our institution’s electronic medical record. Patients were included if they were between the ages of 18 and 89, had their initial care at our institution, and had a Hb within the first 6 months of diagnosis. Dual primaries were excluded. Anemia was defined as Hb ≤ 11g/dL. Anemia was graded using the CTCAE v.4.0. Absolute and possible iron deficiency were defined by NCCN Guidelines. Results: We identified 1031 patients who met our inclusion criteria. The median age was 61 years (range 20 - 86). The most common malignancy was uterine cancer 509 (49%) followed by ovarian 262 (25%), cervical 133 (13%), vulvar 107 (10%) and vaginal 20 (2%). Of the 1031 patients in our study, 662 (64%) were noted to be anemic within six months of diagnosis. Of these patients 128 (19%) were noted to have grade 1, 309 (47%) grade 2, and 225 (34%) grade 3 anemia. Of those who were anemic, 90 (14%) underwent any workup for anemia, of which 63 (10%) had iron studies performed. Of those with iron studies performed, 7 (1%) patients had absolute iron deficiency and 24 (4%) had possible iron deficiency. Despite the small percentage of individuals with anemia evaluation, 266 (34%) patients received treatment of anemia. Treatments included: oral iron 47 (7%), IV iron 6 (1%), and blood transfusion 213 (32%). Conclusions: Anemia is pervasive among gynecologic cancer patients, but compliance with NCCN guidelines is low. Our data suggest there are opportunities for improvement in evaluation and management of anemia among gynecologic cancers.

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van Geel, T. A. C. M., S. van Helden, P. P. Geusens, B. Winkens, and G.-J. Dinant. "Clinical subsequent fractures cluster in time after first fractures." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 68, no. 1 (August 3, 2008): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2008.092775.

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Objectives:The risk of subsequent fractures is double the risk of having a first fracture. We analysed whether this risk is constant or not over time.Methods:A population-based study in 4140 postmenopausal women, aged between 50 and 90 years, on radiographic confirmed clinical fractures from menopause onwards analysed by Cox regression.Results:A total of 924 (22%) women had a first fracture and 243 (26% of 924) a subsequent fracture. Of all first fractures, 4% occurred in each year from menopause onwards, while after a first fracture 23% of all subsequent fractures occurred within 1 year and 54% within 5 years.When calculated from time of first fracture, the relative risk (RR) of subsequent fracture was 2.1 (95% CI 1.7 to 2.6) and remained increased over 15 years. When calculated for specific time intervals after a first fracture, the RR was 5.3 (95% CI 4.0 to 6.6) within 1 year, 2.8 (95% CI 2.0 to 3.6) within 2–5 years, 1.4 (95% CI 1.0 to 1.8) within 6–10 years and 0.41 (95% CI 0.29 to 0.53) after >10 years.Conclusions:From menopause onwards, clinical fractures cluster in time, indicating the need for early action to prevent subsequent fractures.

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Childs, Bradley J., John M. Cadogan, Donald C. Craig, Marcia L. Scudder, and Harold A. Goodwin. "Donor Atom Set and Spin State of Iron(II). Bis(ligand)iron(II) and Bis(ligand)nickel(II) Complexes of 2,2′-Bipyridine-6-carbothioamide and 2,2′-Bipyridine-6-carboxamide." Australian Journal of Chemistry 51, no. 4 (1998): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c97071.

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2,2′-Bipyridine-6-carbothioamide (bpytm) and 2,2′-bipyridine-6-carboxamide (bpyam) are NNS and NNO donors, respectively, in their cationic bis(ligand)iron(II) and bis(ligand)nickel(II) complexes. The former ligand provides the stronger field and salts of [Fe(bpytm)2]2+ have a singlet ground state, while those of [Fe(bpyam)2]2+ have a quintet ground state. The magnetism and the electronic and Mössbauer spectra of salts of these cations have been measured. The low-temperature Mössbauer spectra of iron(II) complex salts of the carboxamide indicate, for the perchlorate and triflate salts, but not for the fluoroborate salt, a partial transition to singlet-state species. The mode of coordination of the ligands is indicated by infrared spectral data and has been confirmed by determination of the structures of [Ni(bpytm)2] Cl2.4H2O, [Ni(bpyam)2] [BF4]2.H2O and [Fe(bpyam)2] [BF4]2. In addition, the structures of the free ligands have been determined. Hydrogen bonding is present in the free ligands and their complexes. 2,2′-Bipyridine-6-carbothioamide: monoclinic, space group P21/c, a 8·265(3), b 11·175(2), c 11·114(4) Å, β 94·47(2)°, Z 4. 2,2′-Bipyridine-6-carboxamide: monoclinic, space group P21/c, a 13·581(2), b 9·926(1), c 16·824(3) Å, β 116·481(7)°, Z 8. [Ni(bpytm)2] Cl2.4H2O: triclinic, space group P-1, a 9·291(5), b 12·426(7), c 13·425(7) Å, α 113·54(3), β 95·63(3), γ 94·43(3)°, Z 2. [Ni(bpyam)2][BF4]2.H2O: triclinic, space group P-1, a 10·663(5), b 10·861(6), c 12·799(6) Å, α 68·70(4), β 77·84(4), γ 78·47(4)°, Z 2. [Fe(bpyam)2] [BF4]2: orthorhombic, space group P bcn, a 12¡317(6), B 12¡609(4), c 16·644(8) Å, Z 4.

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Hlukhov, Ivan, Maryan Pityn, Katerina Drobot, and Hanna Hlukhova. "ORGANIZATIONAL PRIORITIES AMONG STUDENTS OF DIFFERENT FACULTIES OF KHERSON STATE UNIVERSITY IN THE SWIMMING TEACHING SYSTEM." Sport Science and Human Health 5, no. 1 (2021): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2664-2069.2021.12.

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Introduction. Given the clear priorities underlying physical education of student youth, it is mandatory for them to mastering the system of applied skills. At the same time, the objectification of the orientation of content of the swimming instruction system for students of free higher education institution should be carried out taking into account the opinions of the subjects of this process, namely students. Aim is to determine the subjective opinion of students different faculties of Kherson State University on the organizational features of swimming classes. Material and methods. There were involved in the survey (during September-October 2020) applicants of higher education of the first (bachelor's) and second (master's) degrees of Kherson State University. In total, there were 1513 respondents, including 646 of first-year students, 458 of second-year students, 164 of third-year students, 213 of fourth-year students, and only 32 of 5-6-year students. There were used the following research methods: theoretical analysis and generalization, study of documentary materials, sociological methods of survey (questionnaire), methods of mathematical statistics. Results. In the process of determining the subjective opinion applicants for higher education different faculties of Kherson State University on the organizational features of swimming classes indicated the priority of classes once a week (45.13% of respondents). Other basic options have gained significantly lower values (once every two weeks - 26.13 % and twice a week - 18.40% of respondents). According to the opinion of students different faculties, the priority duration of classes should be 45-60 minutes (44.29%) or 30-45 minutes (31.72% of respondents) with the involvement of an approximate number of students in the range of 4-12 people at one swimming class. Conclusions. The preferred form of swimming classes is self-classes for students (45.73%), and classes with a teacher are supported by a total of 42.31% respondents from different faculties of Kherson State University. Among the additional organizational factors, first of all, it is worth paying attention to the involvement of moving games (21.26%), competitions (16.80%) and physical culture and sports holidays (15.59% of respondents, respectively).

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Bougneres, P. F., L. Castano, F. Rocchiccioli, H. P. Gia, B. Leluyer, and P. Ferre. "Medium-chain fatty acids increase glucose production in normal and low birth weight newborns." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 256, no. 5 (May 1, 1989): E692—E697. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1989.256.5.e692.

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To study the pathogenesis of hypoglycemia in low birth weight infants, glucose production was measured in five hypotrophic and four premature newborns with glycemia of 45 +/- 6 and 59 +/- 10 mg/dl, respectively. Hepatic glucose output averaged 5.7 +/- 0.4 and 5.3 +/- 0.5 mg.kg-1.min-1 in these neonates vs. 8.2 +/- 0.5 mg.kg-1.min-1 in five normal at term newborns and was correlated with glycemia (P less than 0.02). Despite normal plasma free fatty acids, the low birth weight infants had low ketone levels of 163 +/- 72 and 126 +/- 65 vs. 263 +/- 60 microM in normals. Oral administration of medium-chain triglycerides to the neonates increased their circulating ketones by two- to threefold and restored near-normal glycemia (51 +/- 9 and 76 +/- 8 mg/dl) and production of glucose (6.7 +/- 0.7 and 6.6 +/- 0.8 mg.kg-1.min-1) in the hypotrophic and premature vs. normals (8.7 +/- 0.7 mg.kg-1.min-1). Individual rates of glucose production correlated with ketone concentrations (P less than 0.02). We conclude that the hypoglycemia characterizing low birth weight neonates is primarily due to impaired glucose production. That exogenous lipids were able to increase glucose production indicates that fatty acid oxidation plays an important glucoregulatory role in the human newborn.

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Suman, Rathod, Satya Prakash Yadav, M. K. Ravikumar, Satish Patil, and A. K. Shukla. "Developing Shunt-Current Minimized Soluble-Lead-Redox-Flow-Batteries." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 168, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 120552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac436c.

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Shunt currents in membrane-less soluble-lead-redox-flow-batteries (SLRFB) are observed in open-circuit condition and found to depend on size of the stack, manifolds, flow rates and charge/discharge parameters. Ramifications of shunt currents on the performance of membrane-less SLRFB stacks with internal and external manifolds are reported. In the case of stacks with 3, 5 and 7-cells and internal manifold design, the charge current for the middle cell decreases by 3.3%, 6%, and 8.5%, while the discharge current increases by 2.6%, 5.5%, and 6.6%, respectively, for 3 A charge/discharge current. By contrast, no such adverse effect is observed for external manifold design. The current—potential studies show that while the stacks comprising 3 and 5-cells deliver a maximum power density of 35 mW cm−2, which declines to 15 mW cm−2 for the 7-cell stack with internal manifold design, while the power density remains invariant at 50 mW cm−2 for stacks with external manifold design. An 8-cell stack of 12 V, 50 mAh/cm2 specific capacity and 273 Wh energy storage capacity with 64% energy efficiency is also reported which shows good cyclability over 100 cycles with 95% coulombic efficiency when cycled at 20 mA cm−2 current density for 1 h duration.

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Milanova, Maria Hristova, Stefan Naydenov Naydenov, Nikolay Margaritov Runev, Emil Ivanov Manov, and Plamen Krasimirov Krastev. "Analysis of prehospital care of patients with acute myocardial infarction in Bulgaria." Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine 25, no. 4 (April 5, 2018): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024907918765842.

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Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction is one of the most devastating cardiovascular diseases and about 50% of all deaths due to it occur prior to hospitalization. Our study aimed to evaluate the prehospital delay in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: We enrolled 682 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction from May 2008 to December 2014, with a mean age of 66.6 ± 12.9 years. Detailed information was collected about the symptoms, first medical contact, concomitant clinical conditions, and the socioeconomic data. We analyzed the following prehospital times: (1) onset of symptoms to emergency call, (2) onset of symptoms to first medical contact, (3) first medical contact to hospital admission, and (4) onset of symptoms to hospital admission. Results: The first medical contact was with the National Emergency Medical Service in 266 (39.0%) patients, another emergency unit 106 (15.6%), cardiologist 41 (6%), general practitioner 36 (5.3%), and others 233 (34.1%). The median time from the onset of symptoms till emergency call was 190 min, from the first contact with a team of the National Emergency Medical Service till hospital admission 60 min, and from the onset of symptoms till hospital admission 4.8 h. Conclusion: The total prehospital delay in our study was unacceptably prolonged, with patient’s decision time as the major contributor. The delay could be substantially shortened by (1) increased awareness of the general population, particularly of individuals at high cardiovascular risk and (2) continuous medical education and regular practical training of the primary care providers about coping with medical emergencies.

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Baba, Rozita, Zulkefly Abdul Karim, Mariani Abdul-Majid, and Noorasiah Sulaiman. "TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN MALAYSIA." Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS) 6, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 265–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol6iss1pp265-283.

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Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of technical efficiency of Malaysia’s secondary education. Education efficiency has become an important issue since the education sector is the recipient of high priority budget allocation. An evaluation of whether the budget distribution for secondary education is technically efficient is necessary because secondary education represents almost 40% of the national education budget. Methodology: The study applied the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in examining the level of technical efficiency for a sample of 626 secondary schools from four selected states, namely, Selangor, Melaka, Kedah, and Terengganu. The sample was further split into schools from developed and less developed states, and urban and rural areas. Findings: The results revealed that secondary schools in the four sample states were technically inefficient (almost 98%). Most schools were at a moderate level of technical efficiency (score range between 0.5-0.79). Interestingly, schools in rural areas and less-developed states showed better technical efficiency than those in urban areas and developed states. Given the government's total expenditure, academic achievement could be increased by almost 30 percent with an improvement in inefficiency. Contributions: The study's fundamental implications are that inefficient secondary schools need to increase their efficiency by ensuring effective budget spending and adequate expenditure distribution monitoring. More schools need to be constructed or repaired, and old schools/buildings upgraded. The sector also needs to expedite compliance with the 17:1 student-teacher ratio set by the Education Ministry to improve teaching delivery quality. Keywords: Data envelopment analysis, government spending, secondary school, student and teacher ratio, technical efficiency. Cite as: Baba, R., Abdul Karim, Z., Abdul-Majid, M., & Sulaiman, N. (2021). Technical efficiency of secondary schools in Malaysia. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 6(1), 265-283. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol6iss1pp265-283

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Brandalise, Silvia R., Vitória R. Pinheiro, Simone S. Aguiar, Eduardo I. Matsuda, Rosemary Otubo, José A. Yunes, Waldir V. Pereira, et al. "Benefits of the Intermittent Use of 6-Mercaptopurine and Methotrexate in Maintenance Treatment for Low-Risk Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children: Randomized Trial From the Brazilian Childhood Cooperative Group—Protocol ALL-99." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 11 (April 10, 2010): 1911–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.25.6115.

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PurposeTo describe event-free survival (EFS) and toxicities in children with low-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) assigned to receive either continuous 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and weekly methotrexate (MTX) or intermittent 6-MP with intermediate-dose MTX, as maintenance treatment.Patients and MethodsBetween October 1, 2000, and December 31, 2007, 635 patients with low-risk ALL were enrolled onto Brazilian Childhood Cooperative Group for ALL Treatment (GBTLI) ALL-99 protocol. Eligible children (n = 544) were randomly allocated to receive either continuous 6-MP/MTX (group 1, n = 272) or intermittent 6-MP (100 mg/m2/d for 10 days, with 11 days resting) and MTX (200 mg/m2every 3 weeks; group 2, n = 272).ResultsThe 5-year overall survival (OS) and EFS were 92.5% ± 1.5% SE and 83.6% ± 2.1% SE, respectively. According to maintenance regimen, the OS was 91.4% ± 2.2% SE (group 1) and 93.6% ± 2.1% SE (group 2; P = .28) and EFS 80.9% ± 3.2% SE (group 1) and 86.5% ± 2.8% SE (group 2; P = .089). Remarkably, the intermittent regimen led to significantly higher EFS among boys (85.7% v 74.9% SE; P = .027), while no difference was seen for girls (87.0% v 88.8% SE; P = .78). Toxic episodes were recorded in 226 and 237 children, respectively. Grade 3 to 4 toxic events for groups 1 and 2 were, respectively, 273 and 166 for hepatic dysfunction (P = .002), and 772 and 636 for hematologic episodes (P = .005). Deaths on maintenance were: seven (group 1) and one (group 2).ConclusionThe intermittent use of 6-MP and MTX in maintenance is a less toxic regimen, with a trend toward better long-term EFS. Boys treated with the intermittent schedule had significantly better EFS.

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Lesnikov, V., N. Abbasi, H. Shulman, R. Fleming, and H. Joachim Deeg. "Transferrin (Tf) Mediated Protection of the Liver Against Fas-Induced Injury Requires Tf-Receptor Type 2 and Is Modulated by Baseline Plasma Iron Levels." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.1557.1557.

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Abstract Transferrin (Tf) plays a central role in iron transport and metabolism. In addition, we showed that Tf interferes with programmed cell death. Specifically, Tf counteracted Fas-induced liver injury by down-regulating pro-apoptotic and up-regulating anti-apoptotic signals; those signals were further modified by iron. Surprisingly, the data suggested, that the Tf effect was not mediated by Tf-receptor type 1 (TfR1, CD71). Here, we investigated in murine models a possible role of TfR type 2 (TfR2) in Tf-mediated hepatoprotection. TfR2 is prominently expressed on hepatocytes. Male and female C57BL6, BALB/c, SVJ/129 mice, and mice with deletion of TfR2 (TfR2Y245X) were used. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with agonistic anti-Fas MAB (aFas) Jo2, 0.08 mg/g of body weight and treated with saline (controls) or human ApoTf at 0.1 mg/mouse at 48, 24, and 1 hour before, and 1 hour after aFas injection. Plasma iron and aspartate-aminotransferase (AST) levels were determined at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 hours and 7 days after aFas. The magnitude of AST rises differed significantly between strains and were less striking in male than in female mice in response to the same per body weight doses of aFas. C57BL6 mice showed the smallest AST increments as compared to BALB/c or SVJ/129 mice. The highest AST levels occurred in female SVJ/129 mice (8934±1833 U/L) versus 3912±1280 U/L in female BALB/c, and 660±159 U/L in female C57BL6 mice. The corresponding baseline plasma iron levels (male and female) were 240–290, 220–270, and 140–170 ug/dL, respectively. Changes in iron levels were biphasic and most pronounced in female mice. In C57BL6, for example, iron decreased from 148±13 ug/dL to 73±8 ug/dL (p<0.02) at 6 hours, followed by an increase to 282±30 ug/dL (p<0.02) at 48 hours after aFas injection. The plasma iron decline preceded the increase in AST levels, which peaked at 12–24 hours. This pattern suggested an early utilization of iron in Fas signaling and a subsequent release of iron from injured cells. A comparison of plasma iron levels in wild type (WT) mice and mice heterozygous (HT) or homozygous (HO) for TfR2 deletion showed the highest levels (217±11 in males and 297±11 in females [p<0.001]) in HO mice, intermediate levels (180±11 in males, and 199±7 in females [p=NS]) in HT, and the lowest levels (157±4 in males, and 159±14 in females [p=NS]) in WT mice. As observed in controls, aFas injection resulted in a decline in plasma iron followed by a rise in AST in all genotypes. However, while pre-treatment with Tf almost completely prevented AST rises in WT mice (134±30 U/L versus 500±28 U/L in male [p<0.02], and 167±66 U/L versus 675±173 U/L [p<0.02] in female Tf-treated and saline treated controls, respectively), there was no significant protection in HT (521±351 versus 782±666 U/L in male, and 645±98 versus 515±69 U/L in females [p=NS]) and HO (352±100 versus 236±32 U/L in male, and 585±214 versus 604±41 U/L [p=NS]) Tf-treated and saline treated mice, respectively. These results support the hypothesis that the hepatoprotective effect of Tf against Fas-mediated apoptosis is dependent upon functional TfR2 expression. Rises in plasma AST levels, related to Fas-induced hepatic injury, were strain and gender dependent, and were accompanied by changes in blood plasma iron concentrations. The data suggest that Tf would be useful as a cytoprotective agent in recipients of cytotoxic therapy.

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Rivkin, Mark A., and Steven S. Yocom. "Thoracolumbar instrumentation with CT-guided navigation (O-arm) in 270 consecutive patients: accuracy rates and lessons learned." Neurosurgical Focus 36, no. 3 (March 2014): E7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.1.focus13499.

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Object Thoracolumbar instrumentation has experienced a dramatic increase in utilization over the last 2 decades. However, pedicle screw fixation remains a challenging undertaking, with suboptimal placement contributing to postoperative pain, neurological deficit, vascular complications, and return to the operating suite. Image-guided spinal surgery has substantially improved the accuracy rates for these procedures. However, it is not without technical challenges and a learning curve for novice operators. The authors present their experience with the O-arm intraoperative imaging system and share the lessons they learned over nearly 5 years. Methods The authors performed a retrospective chart review of 270 consecutive patients who underwent thoracolumbar pedicle screw fixation utilizing the O-arm imaging system in conjunction with StealthStation navigation between April 2009 and September 2013 at a single tertiary care center; 266 of the patients underwent CT scanning on postoperative Day 1 to evaluate hardware placement. The CT scans were interpreted prospectively by 3 neuroradiologists as part of standard work flow and retrospectively by 2 neurosurgeons and a senior resident. Pedicle screws were evaluated for breaches according to the 3-tier classification proposed by Mirza et al. Results Of 270 patients, 266 (98.5%) were included in the final analysis based on the presence of a postoperative CT scan. Overall, 1651 pedicle screws were placed in 266 patients and yielded a 5.3% breach rate; 213 thoracic and 1438 lumbosacral pedicle screws were inserted with 6.6% and 5.1% breach rates, respectively. Of the 87 suboptimally placed screws, there were 13 Grade 1, 16 Grade 2, and 12 Grade 3 misses as well as 46 anterolateral or “tip-out” perforations at L-5. Four patients (1.5%) required a return to the operating room for pedicle screw revision, 2 of whom experienced transient radicular symptoms and 2 remained asymptomatic. Interestingly, the pedicle breach rate was higher than anticipated at 13.21% for the 30 patients over the initial 6-month period with the O-arm. After certain modifications to the authors' technique, the subsequent 30 patients experienced a statistically significant decrease in breach rate at 5.6% (p = 0.014). Conclusions Image-guided spinal surgery can be a great option in the operating room and provides high pedicle screw accuracy rates. With numerous systems commercially available, it is important to develop a systematic approach regardless of the technology in question. There is a learning curve for surgeons unfamiliar with image guidance that should be recognized and appreciated when transitioning to navigation-assisted spinal surgery. In fact, the authors' experience with a large patient cohort suggests that this learning curve may be more significant than previously reported.

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Feliu Batlle, Jaime, Alvaro Pinto, Laura Basterretxea, Irene Paredero Pérez, Elisenda Llabres, Beatriz Jimenez-Munarriz, Maite Antonio Rebollo, et al. "Development and validation of an early death risk score for older patients treated with chemotherapy for cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 12030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.12030.

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12030 Background: Determining life expectancy in older patients is needed to select the best treatment strategy. We aimed to develop and validate a score to predict early death risk ( < 6 months) in elderly patients with cancer that are planned to initiate chemotherapy treatment. Methods: Patients over 70 years starting new chemotherapy regimens were prospectively included in a multicenter study. A pre-chemotherapy assessment that included sociodemographics, tumor/treatment variables, and geriatric assessment variables, was performed. Association between these factors and early death was examined by using multivariate logistic regression. Score points were assigned to each risk factor based on their b coefficient. We validated the risk score with an external validation cohort of 206 patients. Results: Three hundred forty two patients were included in the training cohort. The independent predictors for early death were metastasic cancers (odds ratio [OR] 4.8, 95% confidence interval [CI], [2.4-9.6]), ECOG performance status (OR 2.3, 95% CI:1.084-5.232), ADL (OR 1.7, 95% CI:1.08-3.5), serum albumin levels (3.3, 95% CI: 1.6-6.6), BMI (OR 2.4, 95% CI:1,2-4.8), serum GGT levels (OR 1.5, 95% CI:1.05-1.8) and hemoglobin levels (OR 2.3, 95% CI:1.2-4.6). With these results, a score was to stratify patients regarding their risk of early death: low (0 to 2 points; 5%), intermediate (3 to 5 points; 19%) or high (6 to 14 points; 50%) (p < 0.001). The area under the curve of the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.79 for the training cohort (95% CI, 0.74 to 0.85), and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.60-0.80) for the validation cohort (difference between cohorts not statistically different). Conclusions: We developed a highly accurate tool that uses basic clinical and analytical information to predict the probability of early death in elderly patients with cancer that are planned to initiate chemotherapy treatment. This tool can help physicians in decision making for this population of patients.

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Wu, YanYun, Maria A. Proytcheva, Erin Medoff, Stuart Seropian, Edward L. Snyder, Diane Krause, and Dennis L. Cooper. "Successful Engraftment of Autologous Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cells Derived from Multiple Collections in Poor Mobilizers by Hyperstimulation with G-CSF." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 5508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.5508.5508.

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Abstract G-CSF alone or in conjunction with chemotherapy is the most commonly used regimen to mobilize hematopoietic progenitor cells into peripheral blood (PB) for stem cell harvest. However, in about 10–30 % of patients when mobilized with this regimen, their hematopoietic progenitor cells are not effectively mobilized. We have adopted an approach of using higher doses of G-CSF from 16 to 36 ug/kg patient body weight to mobilize hematopoietic progenitor cells in patients that are poorly mobilized. Poor mobilization (PM) is defined as peak pre-apheresis PBCD34 count of < 20 cells/uL, and good mobilization (GM) is defined as peak pre-apheresis PBCD34 count of ≥20 cells/uL in the expected mobilization time frame. In this study, we retrospectively assess our experience using this mobilization approach regarding its efficacy and safety. The success of stem cell transplantation was evaluated based on neutrophil engraftment defined as an ANC (absolute neutrophil count) >500/uL, and platelet engraftment as a platelet count >20,000/uL without platelet transfusions for 2 consecutive days, respectively, as well as day 15 lymphocyte count. Safety of stem cell mobilization, apheresis collection, and stem cell infusion were also evaluated. The results are shown in the tables below. Efficacy and safety of stem cell mobilization and collection Groups I (GM + L) II (GM + H) III (PM + L) IV (PM + H) L: low dose G-CSF (5-12 ug/kg); H: high dose G-CSF (15-36 ug/kg). Median (Range); No. (%) No. (patients/collections) 232/485 62/273 10/40 56/290 Peak PBCD34 (/uL) 85 (21-1320) 30 (21-99) 17 (11-20) 13.5 (5-20) CD34 yield (10^6) per recipient Kg wt/apheresis 3.7 (0.4-37.8) 1.2 (0.2-11.1) 1 (0.4-2.7) 0.7 (0.1-2.89) Total CD34 yield (10^6) per recipient kg wt 9.5 (3.2-37.8) 6.1 (3.2-17.9) 4.6 (2.2-7.2) 4.4 (1.08-6.66) GCSF toxicity (Pain, headache, etc) None 230 (47.4%) 161 (59%) 18 (45%) 158 (54.5%) Mild, no pain meds 155 (32%) 80 (29.3%) 18 (45%) 77 (26.6%) Moderate, requiring NSAIDS 49 (10.1%) 23 (8.4%) 1 (2.5%) 31 (10.7%) Severe, requiring Narcotics 51 (10.5%) 9 (3.3 %) 3 (7.5%) 24 (8.3%) Apheresis Toxicity (none) 87.8% 89.4% 85% 89% Apheresis Toxicity (mild to moderate) 12.2% 10.6% 15% 11% Efficacy and safety of stem cell infusion and engraftment Groups I II III IV Median (Range) No. (Patients /Infusions) 232/249 48/54 8/8 32/32 Total CD34 (10^6)/recipient kg wt infused 5.8 (2.5-18.9) 4.7 (2.0-8.8) 4.1 (2.1-5.9) 3.5 (2.4-5.8) Days to ANC of 500 10 (7-16) 10 (7-12) 10 (9-12) 10 (6-12) Days to platelet of 20,000/uL 10 (6-33) 10 (8-30) 13 (8-34) 10 (8-24) Day 15 (+/− 3) lymphocyte count (x 1000/uL) 0.53 (0-2.96) 0.38 (0.01-1.25) 0.43 (0.24-0.75) 0.74 (0.22-3.69) DMSO toxicity (none) 93.6% 77.8% 75% 90.6% DMSO toxicity (yes) 6.4% 22.2% 25% 9.4% In summary, multiple collections of autologous peripheral blood progenitor cells through hyperstimulation by G-CSF in poor mobilizers is an effective alternative approach for stem cell harvest. This approach results in successful engraftment, and is safe and well tolerated by patients.

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Enwuru, Christian A., Bamidele Iwalokun, Veronica N. Enwuru, Chinedum T. Oparaugo, Oliver Ezechi, and Afolabi Oluwadun. "Fertility knowledge, care seeking behavioral pattern and attitudes of infertile men in Lagos, Nigeria." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20200752.

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Background: The objective was to study the extent of infertility knowledge, attitude and care seeking behavioral pattern of infertile men in Lagos.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out using questionnaire between 2009 and 2014. Adult males who were clinically infertile, visiting the clinics for the first time and consented were studied. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis.Results: Only 226 men, mean age 38±5.8 years participated. Up to 20.8% had sired a child for between >1 but <2, 20.4% for 2-5 and 58.8% for ≥6 years. Couples had coitus for once and >3 times (mean coitus 2.3±0.9 times) weekly. Only 11.1% knew about male-female factor infertility. Up to 42.9% knew about fertility and the sign of female ovulation and 38.1% correctly defined clinical infertility. Up to 40.3% switched treatment for competency of the new places and exorbitant price by 22.1%. Sixty-six (29.2%) made the first visit to a proper care place within a period >1 but <2 years, 45.1% within 2-3 years and 25.7% waited for >3 years. Majority (50 %) sought to know the causes of infertility, 14.6% how to improve fertility and 6.6% the reality of male infertility.Conclusions: Majority of the participants sought inappropriate help and delayed in seeking appropriate care. Poor collaboration and referral system observed. There is need for edification of both care providers and seekers to be ethical in their actions. Infertility care cost intervention is needed.

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Driller, Matthew W., and Shona L. Halson. "The Effects of Wearing Lower Body Compression Garments During a Cycling Performance Test." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 8, no. 3 (May 2013): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.3.300.

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Purpose:Compression garments have been commonly used in a medical setting as a method to promote blood flow. Increases in blood flow during exercise may aid in the delivery of oxygen to the exercising muscles and, subsequently, enhance performance. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of wearing lower body compression garments during a cycling test.Methods:Twelve highly trained cyclists (mean ± SD age 30 ± 6 y, mass 75.6 ± 5.8 kg, VO2peak 66.6 ± 3.4 mL · kg−1 · min−1) performed two 30-min cycling bouts on a cycle ergometer in a randomized, crossover design. During exercise, either full-length lower body compression garments (COMP) or above-knee cycling shorts (CON) were worn. Cycling bouts involved 15 min at a fixed workload (70% of VO2max power) followed by a 15-min time trial. Heart rate (HR) and blood lactate (BL) were measured during the fixed-intensity component of the cycling bout to determine the physiological effect of the garments. Calf girth (CG), thigh girth (TG) and perceived soreness (PS) were measured preexercise and postexercise.Results:COMP produced a trivial effect on mean power output (ES = .14) compared with CON (mean ± 95% CI 1.3 ±1.0). COMP was also associated with a lower HR during the fixed-workload section of the test (−2.6% ± 2.3%, ES = −.38). There were no differences between groups for BL, CG, TG, and PS.Conclusion:Wearing compression garments during cycling may result in trivial performance improvements of ~1% and may enhance oxygen delivery to the exercising muscles.

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Evans, Avery J., Kevin E. Kip, Waleed Brinjikji, Kennith F. Layton, Mary L. Jensen, John R. Gaughen, and David F. Kallmes. "Randomized controlled trial of vertebroplasty versus kyphoplasty in the treatment of vertebral compression fractures." Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 8, no. 7 (June 24, 2015): 756–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-011811.

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BackgroundWe present the results of a randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of vertebroplasty versus kyphoplasty in treating vertebral body compression fractures.MethodsPatients with vertebral body compression fractures were randomly assigned to treatment with kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty. Primary endpoints were pain (0–10 scale) and disability assessed using the Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Outcomes were assessed at 3 days, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year following the procedure.Results115 subjects were enrolled in the trial with 59 (51.3%) randomly assigned to kyphoplasty and 56 (48.7%) assigned to vertebroplasty. Mean (SD) pain scores at baseline, 3 days, 30 days, and 1 year for kyphoplasty versus vertebroplasty were 7.4 (1.9) vs 7.9 (2.0), 4.1 (2.8) vs 3.7 (3.0), 3.4 (2.5) vs 3.6 (2.9), and 3.0 (2.8) vs 2.3 (2.6), respectively (p>0.05 at all time points). Mean (SD) RMDQ scores at baseline, 3 days, 30 days, 180 days, and 1 year were 17.3 (6.6) vs 16.3 (7.4), 11.8 (7.9) vs 10.9 (8.2), 8.6 (7.2) vs 8.8 (8.5), 7.9 (7.4) vs 7.3 (7.7), 7.5 (7.2) vs 6.7 (8.0), respectively (p>0.05 at all time points). For baseline to 12-month assessment in average pain and RMDQ scores, the standardized effect size between kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty was small at −0.36 (95% CI −1.02 to 0.31) and −0.04 (95% CI −1.68 to 1.60), respectively.ConclusionsOur study indicates that vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty appear to be equally effective in substantially reducing pain and disability in patients with vertebral body compression fractures.Trial registration numberNCT00279877.

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Stolarova, Lenka, Sandra Jelinkova, Radka Storchova, Eva Machackova, Petra Zemankova, Michal Vocka, Ondrej Kodet, et al. "Identification of Germline Mutations in Melanoma Patients with Early Onset, Double Primary Tumors, or Family Cancer History by NGS Analysis of 217 Genes." Biomedicines 8, no. 10 (October 9, 2020): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100404.

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Cutaneous melanoma is the deadliest skin malignity with a rising prevalence worldwide. Patients carrying germline mutations in melanoma-susceptibility genes face an increased risk of melanoma and other cancers. To assess the spectrum of germline variants, we analyzed 264 Czech melanoma patients indicated for testing due to early melanoma (at <25 years) or the presence of multiple primary melanoma/melanoma and other cancer in their personal and/or family history. All patients were analyzed by panel next-generation sequencing targeting 217 genes in four groups: high-to-moderate melanoma risk genes, low melanoma risk genes, cancer syndrome genes, and other genes with an uncertain melanoma risk. Population frequencies were assessed in 1479 population-matched controls. Selected POT1 and CHEK2 variants were characterized by functional assays. Mutations in clinically relevant genes were significantly more frequent in melanoma patients than in controls (31/264; 11.7% vs. 58/1479; 3.9%; p = 2.0 × 10−6). A total of 9 patients (3.4%) carried mutations in high-to-moderate melanoma risk genes (CDKN2A, POT1, ACD) and 22 (8.3%) patients in other cancer syndrome genes (NBN, BRCA1/2, CHEK2, ATM, WRN, RB1). Mutations in high-to-moderate melanoma risk genes (OR = 52.2; 95%CI 6.6–413.1; p = 3.2 × 10−7) and in other cancer syndrome genes (OR = 2.3; 95%CI 1.4–3.8; p = 0.003) were significantly associated with melanoma risk. We found an increased potential to carry these mutations (OR = 2.9; 95%CI 1.2–6.8) in patients with double primary melanoma, melanoma and other primary cancer, but not in patients with early age at onset. The analysis revealed affected genes in Czech melanoma patients and identified individuals who may benefit from genetic testing and future surveillance management of mutation carriers.

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Hlubocky, Fay J., Lori S. Muffly, Joseline X. Gomez, Kate Breitenbach, Jennifer Lynn McNeer, Wendy Stock, and Christopher Daugherty. "Symptom burdens and coping strategies in adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors with hematologic malignancies." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 26_suppl (October 9, 2016): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.26_suppl.256.

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256 Background: Prior research reveals that AYA survivors face significant short-term and long-term physical and psychological symptom burdens (SB) as a result of disease and treatment. Yet, the prevalence of SB and their effect on AYA coping in hematologic survivors has not been described. Methods: AYA patients (15-40 years at diagnosis) of acute leukemia, aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma undergoing curative intent therapy (on-treatment cohort) or 2 year completion of therapy and in remission (early survivor cohort) completed following measures: depression (CES-D), state anxiety (STAI-S), PTSD (PCL-C), HRQOL (FACIT-G), Coping (Brief COPE). Semi-structured interviews evaluated symptom burdens. Results: To date, 60 AYA subjects (26 on-treatment, 34 early survivors) were interviewed. For total population: median age at diagnosis 25y (15-40); 63% male; 58% Ca; 79% college/postgrad educated; 40% income < $75,000yr; 51% and 48% lymphoma or leukemia dx, respectively. Median time from diagnosis to interview was 13 months (1-102). In general, 56% AYA reported experiencing current physical (e.g. pain, sleep) SB and 58% AYA experienced psychological (e.g. anxiety) SB. AYA on treatment reported moderate STAI-S anxiety (35.0 ± 10.3 v 31 ± 10.2, p = 0.03); and CES-D depression (21 ± 12.1 v 10.4 ± 8.0, p = 0.01). AYA on treatment had poorer overall FACT-G health-related QOL (76.5 ± 12.8 v 82.3 ± 17.0, p = 0.02). Re coping, AYA on-treatment with depression scored highest on self-blame (5.2 ± 2.7; range: 3.5-6.8). AYA on-treatment with anxiety scored highest on denial (4.3 ± 2.1; range: 1-6). AYA in remission reported severe illness-related PTSD symptoms (58 ± 24.3 v 29.4 ± 9.5, p = 0.01). Re coping strategies, AYA in remission with PTSD scored on average significantly higher on: denial (6.5 ± 3.2; range 4.6-8.0); self-blame (6.6 ± 2.3; range: 4.2-7.9) and substance use (5.9 ± 2.1; range: 2.9-8.0). Conclusions: AYAs with hematologic malignancies report experiencing significant physical and psychological SB in the short and long-term. Early integration of palliative care targeting these SB should be incorporated into routine cancer as well as survivor care.

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Seibert, Laura M., Sharon A. Center, John F. Randolph, Meredith L. Miller, Andrew D. Miller, Eunju Choi, James A. Flanders, and H. Jay Harvey. "Relationships between congenital peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia or congenital central diaphragmatic hernia and ductal plate malformations in dogs and cats." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 259, no. 9 (November 1, 2021): 1009–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.259.9.1009.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE To characterize the association between peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) or congenital central diaphragmatic hernia (CCDH) and ductal plate malformations (DPMs) in dogs and cats. ANIMALS 18 dogs and 18 cats with PPDH or CCDH and 19 dogs and 18 cats without PPDH or CCDH. PROCEDURES Evaluation of clinical details verified PPDH or CCDH and survival times. Histologic features of nonherniated liver samples were used to categorize DPM. Immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin-19 distinguished bile duct profiles per portal tract and for Ki-67–assessed cholangiocyte proliferation. Histologic features of herniated liver samples from PPDH or CCDH were compared with those of pathological controls (traumatic diaphragmatic hernia, n = 6; liver lobe torsion, 6; ischemic hepatopathy, 2). RESULTS DPM occurred in 13 of 18 dogs with the proliferative-like phenotype predominating and in 15 of 18 cats with evenly distributed proliferative-like and Caroli phenotypes. Congenital hepatic fibrosis DPM was noted in 3 dogs and 2 cats and renal DPM in 3 dogs and 3 cats. No signalment, clinical signs, or clinicopathologic features discriminated DPM. Kaplan Meier survival curves were similar in dogs and cats. Bile duct profiles per portal tract in dogs (median, 5.0; range, 1.4 to 100.8) and cats (6.6; 1.9 to 11.0) with congenital diaphragmatic hernias significantly exceeded those in healthy dogs (1.4; 1.2 to 1.6) and cats (2.3; 1.7 to 2.6). Animals with DPM lacked active cholangiocyte proliferation. Histologic features characterizing malformative bile duct profiles yet without biliary proliferation were preserved in herniated liver lobes in animals with DPM. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE DPM was strongly associated with PPDH and CCDH. Because DPM can impact health, awareness of its coexistence with PPDH or CCDH should prompt biopsy of nonherniated liver tissue during surgical correction of PPDH and CCDH.

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Seibert, Laura M., Sharon A. Center, John F. Randolph, Meredith L. Miller, Andrew D. Miller, Eunju Choi, James A. Flanders, and H. Jay Harvey. "Relationships between congenital peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia or congenital central diaphragmatic hernia and ductal plate malformations in dogs and cats." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 259, no. 9 (November 1, 2021): 1009–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.259.9.1009.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE To characterize the association between peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) or congenital central diaphragmatic hernia (CCDH) and ductal plate malformations (DPMs) in dogs and cats. ANIMALS 18 dogs and 18 cats with PPDH or CCDH and 19 dogs and 18 cats without PPDH or CCDH. PROCEDURES Evaluation of clinical details verified PPDH or CCDH and survival times. Histologic features of nonherniated liver samples were used to categorize DPM. Immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin-19 distinguished bile duct profiles per portal tract and for Ki-67–assessed cholangiocyte proliferation. Histologic features of herniated liver samples from PPDH or CCDH were compared with those of pathological controls (traumatic diaphragmatic hernia, n = 6; liver lobe torsion, 6; ischemic hepatopathy, 2). RESULTS DPM occurred in 13 of 18 dogs with the proliferative-like phenotype predominating and in 15 of 18 cats with evenly distributed proliferative-like and Caroli phenotypes. Congenital hepatic fibrosis DPM was noted in 3 dogs and 2 cats and renal DPM in 3 dogs and 3 cats. No signalment, clinical signs, or clinicopathologic features discriminated DPM. Kaplan Meier survival curves were similar in dogs and cats. Bile duct profiles per portal tract in dogs (median, 5.0; range, 1.4 to 100.8) and cats (6.6; 1.9 to 11.0) with congenital diaphragmatic hernias significantly exceeded those in healthy dogs (1.4; 1.2 to 1.6) and cats (2.3; 1.7 to 2.6). Animals with DPM lacked active cholangiocyte proliferation. Histologic features characterizing malformative bile duct profiles yet without biliary proliferation were preserved in herniated liver lobes in animals with DPM. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE DPM was strongly associated with PPDH and CCDH. Because DPM can impact health, awareness of its coexistence with PPDH or CCDH should prompt biopsy of nonherniated liver tissue during surgical correction of PPDH and CCDH.

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Radivoyevitch, Tomas, Rainer K. Sachs, Robert Peter Gale, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski, Matt Kalaycio, and Sudipto Mukherjee. "Estimating Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasm Risks in the US." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 2617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.2617.2617.

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Abstract Background: Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) have traditionally been a dreaded but rare complication arising from the treatment of other cancers. With rising numbers of long-term cancer survivors, there is growing concern for increasing rates of t-MN. We provide estimates of the relative risks of developing these secondary cancers after various 1st cancers. Methods: We used the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data 1973-2011 and the R package SEERaBomb to examine 33 primary cancer risks of subsequent MN defined as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). First time cancer survivor person-years at risk (PY) for developing a second cancer were computed based on age-at-diagnosis of the first cancer, survival time, and age at diagnosis of any second cancer. Individual PY age intervals were stacked using R objects of class GRanges and the function coverage() of the Bioconductor package GenomicRanges. This yielded PY that we multiplied into age specific incidence rates computed using all t-MN regardless of being 1st, 2nd or later cancers. This yielded cases expected under a null hypothesis of t-MN being independent of prior cancers. Relative risks (RR) were then computed as observed/expected (O/E) cases and ordered by lower limit ([O - 2sqrt(O)]/E) distances from 1. PY and t-MN were restricted to those arriving after 1/1/2006 to avoid MDS incidence transients that arose immediately after its introduction into SEER in 2001. Results: 2,361 white females (Table 1), 3,415 white males (Table 2), 239 African American (AA) females (Table 3), and 309 AA males (Table 4), had t-MN diagnosed after 1/1/2006 that were known to have occurred at least 1 year after the 1st cancer. In these tables/results: RR after non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin's disease (HD), and multiple myeloma (MM) was high, save MM in AA males; high risks after acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and brain cancer were not significant for 1st cancers diagnosed >15 years of age, so these are due to childhood 1st cancers; and high risks of 2nd MN after a 1st are largely due to progressions being classified as 2nd cancers. Conclusion: t-MN with histories of NHL, HD, and MM may be enriched for truly treatment-induced cases. Mechanistic studies of t-MN should focus on such patients. Table 1. t-MN in White Females 1st Cancer O E RR ALL 16 0.6 27.4 (13.7, 41.1)* MN 99 13.3 7.5 (6, 9) NHL 235 60 3.9 (3.4, 4.4) Hodgkin's 23 4.3 5.3 (3.1, 7.6) MM 39 9.4 4.2 (2.8, 5.5) Ovarian 91 32.1 2.8 (2.2, 3.4) Brain 11 3.2 3.5 (1.4, 5.6) Lung 113 65 1.7 (1.4, 2.1) Breast 791 579.5 1.4 (1.3, 1.5) CLL 34 17.4 2 (1.3, 2.6) Other 56 31.8 1.8 (1.3, 2.2) *RR ~95% confidence intervals are given in parentheses Table 2. t-MN in White Males 1st Cancer O E RR MN 180 17.8 10.1 (8.6, 11.6) ALL 14 0.9 15.1 (7, 23.2) Hodgkin's 42 6.4 6.6 (4.5, 8.6) NHL 344 69.6 4.9 (4.4, 5.5) MM 57 13.8 4.1 (3, 5.2) CLL 77 25.2 3.1 (2.4, 3.8) CIS 243 111.2 2.2 (1.9, 2.5) Head & Neck 31 11.3 2.7 (1.8, 3.7) Lung 130 71.5 1.8 (1.5, 2.1) Other 60 29.5 2 (1.5, 2.6) Testes 29 11.9 2.4 (1.5, 3.3) Brain 14 4.6 3.1 (1.4, 4.7) Oral 75 41.6 1.8 (1.4, 2.2) Bladder 215 158.9 1.4 (1.2, 1.5) Prostate 1331 1054.8 1.3 (1.2, 1.3) Rectal 93 64.2 1.4 (1.1, 1.7) Stomach 24 13.2 1.8 (1.1, 2.6) Table 3. t-MN in AA Females 1st Cancer O E RR MN 20 1.2 16.2 (8.9, 23.4) Hodgkin's 7 0.4 17.9 (4.4, 31.5) MM 10 2.2 4.6 (1.7, 7.5) Ovarian 9 1.8 5 (1.7, 8.3) NHL 11 3.2 3.5 (1.4, 5.6) Breast 73 41.6 1.8 (1.3, 2.2) CIS 34 21.2 1.6 (1.1, 2.2) Table 4. t-MN in AA Males 1st Cancer O E RR MN 14 0.8 17.9 (8.3, 27.4) NHL 20 2.4 8.4 (4.6, 12.1) Prostate 166 92.1 1.8 (1.5, 2.1) Other 8 1.7 4.7 (1.4, 8) CIS 9 2.3 4 (1.3, 6.6) Hodgkin's 5 0.4 11.8 (1.2, 22.4) Lung 13 4.7 2.8 (1.2, 4.3) Renal 10 3.2 3.1 (1.2, 5.1) Head & Neck 5 0.5 10.8 (1.1, 20.4) Disclosures Sekeres: Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen Corp: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Boehringer-Ingelheim Corp: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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Seiberth, Sarah, Dominik Bauer, Ulf Schönermarck, Hanna Mannell, Christian Stief, Joerg Hasford, and Dorothea Strobach. "Correct use of non-indexed eGFR for drug dosing and renal drug-related problems at hospital admission." European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 76, no. 12 (July 10, 2020): 1683–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-020-02953-6.

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Abstract Purpose Two to seven percent of the German adult population has a renal impairment (RI) with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73m2. This often remains unrecognized and adjustment of drug therapy is lacking. To determine renal function in clinical routine, the CKD-EPI equation is used to calculate an indexed eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2). For drug dosing, it has to be individualized to a non-indexed eGFR (ml/min) by the patient’s body surface area. Here, we investigated the number of patients admitted to urological wards of a teaching hospital with RI between July and December 2016. Additionally, we correctly used the eGFRnon-indexed for drug and dosage adjustments and to analyse the use of renal risk drugs (RRD) and renal drug-related problems (rDRP). Methods In a retrospective observational study, urological patients with pharmacist-led medication reconciliation at hospital admission and eGFRindexed (CKD-EPI) of 15–59 ml/min/1.73m2 were identified. Indexed eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) was recalculated with body surface area to non-indexed eGFR (ml/min) for correct drug dosing. Medication at admission was reviewed for RRD and based on the eGFRnon-indexed for rDRP, e.g. inappropriate dose or contraindication. Results Of 1320 screened patients, 270 (20.5%) presented with an eGFRindexed of 15–59 ml/min/1.73m2. After readjustment, 203 (15.4%) patients had an eGFRnon-indexed of 15–59 ml/min. Of these, 190 (93.6%) used ≥ 1 drugs at admission with 660 of 1209 (54.7%) drugs classified as RRD. At least one rDRP was identified in 115 (60.5%) patients concerning 264 (21.8%) drugs. Conclusion Renal impairment is a common risk factor for medication safety in urologic patients admitted to a hospital. Considerable shifts were seen in eGFR-categories when correctly calculating eGFRnon-indexed for drug dosing purposes. The fact that more than half of the study patients showed rDRP at hospital admission underlines the need to consider this risk factor appropriately.

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Demetrio, D., A. Magalhaes, M. Oliveira, R. Santos, and R. Chebel. "11 Invivo-derived embryo pregnancy rates at Maddox Dairy from 2008 to 2018." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 32, no. 2 (2020): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv32n2ab11.

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Maddox Dairy, located in Riverdale, CA, USA, is a Holstein herd that milks 3500 cows with a 305-day mature-equivalent milk production of 12 800 kg, and they have been producing high genetic animals by embryo transfer (ET) since the early 1980s. Invivo-derived embryos from Holstein donors were transferred fresh (grade 1 or 2) or frozen (grade 1), at morula (4), early blastocyst (5), or blastocyst (6) stage, to virgin heifers (VH, natural oestrus, 13-15 months old) or lactating cows (LC, Presynch-Ovsynch, 86 days in milk, first or second lactation) 6 to 9 days after oestrus. Pregnancy diagnosis was done by transrectal ultrasonography at 32-46 days in VH and by the IDEXX PAG test at 30 days in LC. June, July, August, September, and October were called critical months (first service AI conception rate drops below 44%) and compared with the other months. The data from 32 503 ETs between January 2008 and December 2018 are summarised on Table 1. Pregnancy rates (PR) are lower for LC recipients than for VH. Embryo transfers performed 7 or 8 days after oestrus had higher PR in both types of recipients and embryos, but Day 6 and 9 oestrus are also used with fair results. The season does not seem to affect PR. There is not enough difference in the combination of stage and days from oestrus for invivo-derived embryos. These numbers do not belong to a planned experiment. Several management changes during the years were made, which make it very difficult to apply statistical methods to analyse the data correctly. They are used as a tool to make decisions in an attempt to improve future results. Table 1.Pregnancy rate (PR) of virgin heifers (top) and lactating cows (bottom)-fresh (SH) and frozen (OZ) invivo-derived embryo transfer1 Heat-months SH-ST4 SH-ST5 SH-ST6 SH-All OZ-ST4 OZ-ST5 OZ-ST6 OZ-All PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n PR% n Heifers 6 d-CM 62 934 66 243 68 69 63 1246 56 473 58 219 62 42 57 734 6 d-OM 62 1623 67 489 69 211 64 2323 56 600 55 296 48 137 55 1033 6 d-T 62 2557 67 732 69 280 63 3569 56 1073 57 515 51 179 56 1767 7 d-CM 64 1506 68 495 67 221 65 2222 60 822 62 340 63 156 61 1318 7 d-OM 66 2723 68 1021 69 510 67 4254 57 1120 59 581 57 231 58 1932 7 d-T 66 4229 68 1516 69 731 67 6476 58 1942 60 921 60 387 59 3250 8 d-CM 65 1348 64 518 67 322 65 2188 59 595 64 258 63 108 61 961 8 d-OM 66 2166 68 886 70 510 67 3562 61 770 60 364 51 130 60 1264 8 d-T 66 3514 67 1404 69 832 66 5750 60 1365 62 622 56 238 60 2225 9 d-CM 60 109 56 43 70 20 60 172 60 5 33 6 50 4 47 15 9 d-OM 58 129 63 57 60 40 60 226 63 16 50 18 75 4 58 38 9 d-T 59 238 60 100 63 60 60 398 62 21 46 24 63 8 55 53 All-CM 64 3897 66 1299 67 632 65 5828 58 1895 61 823 63 310 60 3028 All-OM 65 6641 67 2453 69 1271 66 10 365 58 2506 58 1259 53 502 58 4267 All-T 65 10 538 67 3752 69 1903 66 16 193 58 4401 60 2082 57 812 59 7295 Lactating cows 6 d-CM 54 265 48 86 50 12 53 363 38 141 31 77 50 10 36 228 6 d-OM 49 463 52 203 45 56 50 723 46 101 48 54 59 27 48 182 6 d-T 51 728 51 289 46 68 51 1086 41 242 38 131 57 37 42 410 7 d-CM 54 755 59 274 56 103 55 1137 43 928 48 450 43 192 45 1570 7 d-OM 55 914 66 367 54 109 58 1393 46 1052 45 564 47 353 46 1969 7 d-T 55 1669 63 641 55 212 57 2530 45 1980 46 1014 46 545 45 3539 8 d-CM 63 252 68 82 76 33 65 368 48 219 56 80 42 33 50 332 8 d-OM 61 257 64 161 53 47 61 466 50 191 53 77 56 16 51 284 8 d-T 62 509 65 243 63 80 63 834 49 410 55 157 47 49 50 616 All-CM 56 1272 58 442 60 148 57 1868 44 1288 47 607 43 235 45 2130 All-OM 55 1634 62 731 51 212 56 2582 47 1344 46 695 48 396 47 2435 All-T 55 2906 60 1173 55 360 57 4450 45 2632 47 1302 46 631 46 4565 1ST=stage; CM=critical months (June, July, August, September, and October); OM=other months.

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Felder, Kimberly, Louise Vaz, Penelope Barnes, and Cara Varley. "Utilizing a Post-discharge Telephone Call in Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT): Findings from a Quality Improvement Project." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 4, suppl_1 (2017): S333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.790.

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Abstract Background Transitions of care from hospitals to outpatient settings, especially for patients requiring outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) are complex. OPAT complications, such as adverse antimicrobial reactions, vascular access problems, and hospital readmissions are common. Data from transitions of care literature suggest that post-discharge telephone calls (TCs) may significantly decrease re-hospitalization but no studies have assessed the utility of post-discharge TCs as an OPAT program quality improvement process. Methods Adult OPAT patients discharged from our hospital between April 1, 2015 and May 31, 2016 were queried for post-discharge concerns. TCs to patients or their caregivers were administered by trained medical assistants within the Department of Infectious Diseases using a standardized script and documented in the electronic medical record (EMR). Feasibility was assessed using call completion rate. The type and frequency of reported issues were analyzed by retrospective chart review. Results 636 of 689 eligible adult OPAT patients or their caregivers received a TC with responses to scripted questions documented in the EMR (92% completion rate). 302 patients (47%) reported 319 issues, including 293 (92%) relevant to OPAT. Antimicrobial issues included diarrhea/stool changes (58; 9%); nausea/vomiting (27; 4%); and missed antimicrobial doses (22; 3%). Vascular access issues included line patency concerns (21; 3%); vascular access dressing problems (17; 2.6%) and arm pain/swelling (6; 1%). OPAT vendor issues included delays in lab or line care services (23; 4%) and OPAT orders reported as lost/not received (21; 3%). Other ID-related issues included fevers/chills/sweats (27; 4%), wound concerns (16; 2.5%), and pain (15; 2.5%). Conclusion Adding a post-discharge TC to an OPAT program was feasible and resulted in frequent and early identification of significant OPAT patient and caregiver concerns. Findings suggest potential high-yield topics for process improvement, as well as anticipatory guidance and patient education in OPAT. Further evaluation and analysis of optimal hospital discharge processes and care coordination in OPAT, as well as their impact on post-discharge adverse events, is needed. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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MacMillan, Margaret L., Marie Robin, Andrew C. Harris, Todd E. Defor, Paul J. Martin, Amin Alousi, Vincent T. Ho, et al. "A Refined Clinical Risk Score at Onset of Treatment for Acute Gvhd That Predicts Response to Initial Therapy, Survival and Transplant-Related Mortality." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.188.188.

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Abstract Corticosteroids are the standard initial therapy for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) but are effective in only half of the cases. Methods to identify patients who are unlikely to respond to conventional initial therapy and who warrant alternative, more effective initial therapy are needed. The Minnesota (MN) group recently defined high-risk (HR)-aGVHD at onset by a novel acute GVHD risk score (Br J Haem 157(6):732,2012). Patients with HR-aGVHD were less likely to respond to steroid therapy and had a 2-fold increased risk of treatment-related (non-relapse) mortality (TRM) compared to patients with standard-risk (SR)-aGVHD. To validate this novel aGVHD risk score, we examined a larger group of patients who received steroids as initial systemic therapy for aGVHD. A database of 1723 patients was created from 5 cohorts; the previously reported patients from Minnesota (n=864), Hopital Saint Louis, Paris (n=184), the University of Michigan (n=307) and the Blood and Marrow Clinical Trials Network studies 0302 (n=155), and 0802 (n=213). Using multiple regression analyses, we identified poorly responsive, HR-aGVHD by the number of involved organs and severity of aGVHD at onset observed in this cohort as outlined in Table 1. The overall response [(complete response/partial response (CR/PR)] rate 28 days after initiation of steroid therapy for aGVHD was lower in the 269 patients with HR-aGVHD than in the 1454 patients with SR-aGVHD [44% (95% CI 38-50%) vs. 68% (95% CI 66-70%), p<0.001. Similarly, the 6-month incidence of TRM was twice as high in patients with HR-aGVHD as in those with SR-aGVHD [44% (95% CI 38-50%) vs. 22% (95% CI 20-24%), p<0.001, Figure 1]. Finally, survival at 6 months after the onset of steroid treatment was lower in patients with HR-aGVHD than in those with SR-aGVHD [52% (95% CI 46-58%) vs 71% (95% CI 69-73%), p<0.001]. In multiple regression analysis, the probability of CR/PR at day 28 in patients with HR-aGVHD was lower than in those with SR-aGVHD [Odds ratio (OR) 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.4, p<0.001]. Donor type was the only other factor associated with response. Patients who received a graft from an HLA-matched (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6-0.9, p=0.01) or mismatched (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.5 p<0.001) unrelated donor (URD) were less likely to respond than those who received either a related donor graft or an umbilical cord blood graft. Patients with HR-aGVHD had a 2-fold increase in risk of mortality (RR, 2.1, 95% CI, 1.7-2.6, p<0.001) and a 2.5-fold increased risk of TRM (RR 2.5, 95% CI, 2.0-3.2 p<0.001) compared to patients with SR-aGVHD. Risks of mortality and TRM were also significantly higher in older patients, recipients of HLA-matched or mismatched URD grafts and in those with onset of aGVHD treatment within 28 days after HCT. This refined definition of aGVHD risk is a better predictor of response, survival and TRM than the CIBMTR or MN grading systems (Table 2). Patients with HR-aGVHD warrant more targeted upfront therapy. A future prospective study to examine the aGVHD score and biomarkers in the same aGVHD population would help further refine the predictive ability of each and determine how or whether a combination of clinical score and biomarker levels could even better identify HR-aGVHD. Table 1 GVHD Risk Definition by Organ Number* and Stage GVHD Risk Score One Organ (n) Two Organs (n) Three Organs (n) Standard Risk N=1454 84% Stage 1-3 Skin (901) Stage 1-2 GI (279) Stage 1-3 Skin plus Stage 1 GI (223) Stage 1-3 Skin plus Stage 1-4 Liver (51) High Risk** N=269 16% Stage 4 Skin (13) Stage 3-4 GI (74) Stage 1-4 Liver (25) Stage 1-3 Skin plus Stage 2 GI (54) Stage 1-2 Lower GI plus Stage 1-3 Liver (12) Stage 3-4 GI plus Stage 1-3 Skin (45) Stage 3-4 GI plus Stage 1-4 Liver (10) Stage 1-3 Skin plus Stage 1-2 GI plus Stage 1-3 Liver (23) Stage 1-3 Skin plus Stage 3-4 GI plus Stage 1-4 Liver (13) Abstract 188. Table 2 Outcomes Based on Published GVHD Grading Systems GVHD Grading System Severity N CR/PR at day 28 P 6 month survival (95% CI) P 6 month TRM (95% CI) P CIBMTR A-B C-D 930 793 626 (67%) 485 (61%) 0.008 660 (71%) 515 (65%) 0.008 213 (23%) 228 (29%) 0.006 MN I-II III-IV 1379 344 938 (68%) 173 (50%) <0.001 984 (71%) 192 (56%) <0.001 304 (22%) 137 (40%) <0.001 GVHD Risk Score SR HR 1454 269 993 (68%) 118 (44%) <0.001 1039 (71%) 137 (53%) <0.001 326 (22%) 115 (42%) <0.001 * UGI plus Lower GI considered as one organ disease Figure 1 Cumulative incidence of transplant related mortality at 6 months after initiation of steroid therapy by risk group Figure 1. Cumulative incidence of transplant related mortality at 6 months after initiation of steroid therapy by risk group Disclosures Levine: University of Michigan: Patents & Royalties.

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Weiß, A., C. Bungartz, J. Richter, S. Spaethling-Mestekemper, X. Baraliakos, P. M. Aries, R. Fischer-Betz, and A. Strangfeld. "AB0472 DISEASE ACTIVITY AND OUTCOME IN PREGNANCIES OF PATIENTS WITH SpA - DATA FROM THE GERMAN PREGNANCY REGISTER RHEKISS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1263–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2087.

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Background:Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a severe chronic inflammatory disease, which affects quality of life and functional status. It frequently occurs in women of childbearing age. Active disease and TNFi discontinuation at early pregnancy were found to be risk factors for flares during pregnancy (1).Objectives:To compare disease activity during pregnancy in patients with or without bDMARD exposure at conception and during pregnancy and to assess pregnancy outcomes.Methods:RHEKISS is a prospective longitudinal cohort study including patients with confirmed diagnose of inflammatory rheumatic disease. Pregnant patients are eligible to be enrolled until the 20th week of gestation regardless of drug treatment. During observation, information on treatment, disease and pregnancy course, and outcome is collected from rheumatologists and patients. For this analysis, pregnancies of patients with SpA were selected and stratified into three groups according to their exposure to bDMARDs.Results:Of 140 SpA pregnancies included, 74 (53%) were not exposed to bDMARDs at conception (group 1), 38 (27%) were exposed to bDMARDs at conception, but not during pregnancy (group 2) and 28 (20%) were continuously exposed to bDMARDs at conception and during pregnancy (group 3). Certolizumab (50%), Adalimumab (20%), Etanercept (8%) and Infliximab (8%) were the most frequently prescribed bDMARDs at beginning of pregnancy. Baseline characteristics according to treatment exposure are shown in Table 1. Frequency of flares was highest in group 2: 21%, 38%, and 39% of patients flared during the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester. These rates were 20%, 25%, and 21% in group 1 and 8%, 20%, and zero in group 3. The difference in flare rates was also mirrored in the course of physician assessed global disease activity (Figure 1). Whereas patients in group 1 seemed to have a quite stable disease activity during pregnancy, those who were in group 2 had an increasing activity of disease during pregnancy with an even higher increase of disease activity after giving birth. Patients in group 3 had the lowest disease activity.Of 137 singleton pregnancies, 130 (95%) ended in live birth. Of 6 spontaneous abortions 2 were in every of the three groups. One pregnancy in group 1 was terminated in gestational week 22 due to suspect malformation. One baby of the triple pregnancy was born and two aborted. All babies of the twin pregnancies were born healthy.Conclusion:SpA patients treated with bDMARDs at conception are not at higher risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Our results in a larger patient population confirmed that discontinuation of bDMARDs after conception is associated with increased disease activity during pregnancy and after birth and a higher risk of flares.References:[1]van den Brandt S et al., Arthritis Res Ther. 2017; 19(1):64.Table 1.Baseline characteristics; numbers are n (%) if not otherwise specified; * value at beginning of pregnancy: first 22 weeks after conceptionParameterno bDMARD at conception (group 1)n=74bDMARD at conception anddiscontinuedduring pregnancy(group 2)n=38bDMARD at conception andcontinuedduring pregnancy (group 3)n=28Totaln=140Singleton72 (97)37 (97.4)28 (100)137 (97.9)Twin1 (1.4)1 (2.6)02 (1.4)Triple1 (1.4)001 (0.7)New-York criteria fulfilled21 (33)17 (49)10 (48)48 (40)disease duration in years, mean (SD)6.4 (5.9)7 (4.1)5.8 (4)6.4 (5.1)age*, mean (SD)33.4 (4.9)32.3 (4)31.6 (3.4)32.7 (4.4)severity of illness*: asymptomatic4 (6)0 (0)3 (14)7 (6) mild31 (48)6 (17)4 (19)41 (34) moderate24 (38)21 (60)14 (67)59 (49) severe5 (8)8 (23)013 (11)HLA-B27 positive41 (62)24 (80)15 (75)80 (69)CRP in mg/l *, mean (SD)6.6 (8.2)5.4 (8.2)5.2 (4.9)6 (7.6)CRP >5mg/l *25 (41)9 (30)8 (35)42 (37)physician global* (NRS 0-10), mean (SD)2.6 (2)2.3 (2.5)1.7 (1.4)2.4 (2.1)BASDAI* (0-10), mean (SD)3.2 (2)2.9 (2.3)2.8 (1.5)3.1 (2)patient global* (NRS 0-10), mean (SD)3.3 (2.7)3 (2.8)3 (2.3)3.1 (2.6)Figure 1Course of physician assessed global disease activityDisclosure of Interests:None declared.

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Radulović, Niko, Polina D. Blagojević, Kevin Rabbitt, and Fabio de Sousa Menezes. "Essential oil of Nepeta X Faassenii Bergmans ex Stearn (N. mussinii Spreng. x N. nepetella L.): A Comparison Study." Natural Product Communications 6, no. 7 (July 2011): 1934578X1100600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1100600724.

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Analysis (GC and GC/MS) of an essential oil sample obtained from dry leaves of Nepeta x faassenii Bergmans ex Stearn, a hybrid species produced by crossbreeding N. mussinii Spreng. with N. nepetella L., led to the identification of 109 constituents that represented 95.9% of the oil. The major constituents were 4aα,7α,7aα-nepetalactone (67.8%), 1,8-cineole (6.6%), germacrene D (4.8%), β-pinene (2.7%), ( E)-β-ocimene (2.6%), 4aα,7β,7aα-nepetalactone (2.3%) and ( E)-β-farnesene (1.0%). Chemical composition of the oil was compared, using multivariate statistical analyses (MVA) with those of the oils of other Nepeta taxa, in particular N. mussinii and N. nepetella. This was done in order to explore the mode of inheritance of the monoterpene biosynthetic apparatus of N. faassenii. Chemical composition of the volatiles of a Nepeta taxon (different populations) can be subject to variation due to environmental and geographical factors. To accommodate this fact in the MVAs, along side with N. faassenii essential oil, additional 6 oils (3 different populations of N. nuda L. and N. cataria L. from Serbia) were included in this study (isolated and analyzed (chemically and statistically)). The MVA analyses recognized N. faassenii as being closely related to both N. mussinii and N. nepetella. If the relative content of oil constituents per plant and not per chromatogram were used as variables in the MVA (this was done by simple multiplication of the yields and relative percentages of components) a higher degree of mutual similarity (in respect to the monoterpene biosynthesis) of N. faassenii to N. mussinii, than to the other parent species, was observed.

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Bonanno, Daniel R., George S. Murley, Shannon E. Munteanu, Karl B. Landorf, and Hylton B. Menz. "Effectiveness of foot orthoses for the prevention of lower limb overuse injuries in naval recruits: a randomised controlled trial." British Journal of Sports Medicine 52, no. 5 (October 22, 2017): 298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098273.

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ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of prefabricated foot orthoses for the prevention of lower limb overuse injuries in naval recruits.MethodsThis study was a participant-blinded and assessor-blinded, parallel-group randomised controlled trial. Three-hundred and six participants aged 17–50 years who undertook 11 weeks of initial defence training at the Royal Australian Navy Recruit School (Cerberus, Australia) were randomised to a control group (flat insoles, n=153) or an intervention group (contoured, prefabricated foot orthoses, n=153). The combined incidence of medial tibial stress syndrome, patellofemoral pain, Achilles tendinopathy and plantar fasciitis/plantar heel pain during the 11-week training period were compared using incidence rate ratios (IRR). Data were analysed using the intention-to-treat principle.ResultsSixty-seven injuries (21.9%) were recorded. The control and intervention group sustained 40 (26.1%) and 27 (17.6%) injuries, respectively (IRR 0.66, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.11, p=0.098). This corresponds to a 34% reduction in risk of developing medial tibial stress syndrome, patellofemoral pain, Achilles tendinopathy or plantar fasciitis/plantar heel for the intervention group compared with the control group. Participants in the prefabricated orthoses group were more likely to report at least one adverse event (20.3% vs 12.4%; relative risk (RR) 1.63, 95% CI 0.96 to 2.76; p=0.068; number needed to harm 13, 95% CI 6 to 253). The most common adverse events were foot blisters (n=20, 6.6%), arch pain (n=10, 3.3%) and shin pain (n=8, 2.6%).ConclusionPrefabricated foot orthoses may be beneficial for reducing the incidence of lower limb injury in naval recruits undertaking defence training.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12615000024549.

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Lauzon, Anne-Marie, Ann R. Elliott, Manuel Paiva, John B. West, and G. Kim Prisk. "Cardiogenic oscillation phase relationships during single-breath tests performed in microgravity." Journal of Applied Physiology 84, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 661–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1998.84.2.661.

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Lauzon, Anne-Marie, Ann R. Elliott, Manuel Paiva, John B. West, and G. Kim Prisk. Cardiogenic oscillation phase relationships during single-breath tests performed in microgravity. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(2): 661–668, 1998.—We studied the phase relationships of the cardiogenic oscillations in the phase III portion of single-breath washouts (SBW) in normal gravity (1 G) and in sustained microgravity (μG). The SBW consisted of a vital capacity inspiration of 5% He-1.25% sulfurhexafluoride-balance O2, preceded at residual volume by a 150-ml Ar bolus. Pairs of gas signals, all of which still showed cardiogenic oscillations, were cross-correlated, and their phase difference was expressed as an angle. Phase relationships between inspired gases (e.g., He) and resident gas (N2) showed no change from 1 G (211 ± 9°) to μG (163 ± 7°). Ar bolus and He were unaltered between 1 G (173 ± 15°) and μG (211 ± 25°), showing that airway closure in μG remains in regions of high specific ventilation and suggesting that airway closure results from lung regions reaching low regional volume near residual volume. In contrast, CO2 reversed phase with He between 1 G (332 ± 6°) and μG (263 ± 27°), strongly suggesting that, in μG, areas of high ventilation are associated with high ventilation-perfusion ratio (V˙a/Q˙). This widening of the range ofV˙a/Q˙in μG may explain previous measurements (G. K. Prisk, A. R. Elliott, H. J. B. Guy, J. M. Kosonen, and J. B. West. J. Appl. Physiol. 79: 1290–1298, 1995) of an overall unaltered range ofV˙a/Q˙in μG, despite more homogeneous distributions of both ventilation and perfusion.

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Zabotti, A., M. M. Luchetti, C. Selmi, R. Ramonda, R. D. Grembiale, L. Dagna, S. D’angelo, et al. "POS1061 THE ITALIAN PROSPECTIVE SIRENA STUDY: FOCUS ON EARLY PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS COHORT AND GENDER DIFFERENCES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.607.

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Background:Limited data on early Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) are available1,2.Objectives:To describe baseline data of PsA patients naive to any DMARDs.Methods:SIRENA study is an Italian, prospective Registry of Spondyloarthritis patients diagnosed according to ASAS criteria and naïve to any DMARDs. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics of PsA cohort were collected and analysed, also by gender.Results:203/350 (58%) subjects included in SIRENA Registry had PsA (mean age 51.9 years) and in 190/203 (94%) CASPAR classification criteria were fulfilled. In 70% of patients the diagnosis was performed within 24 months from symptom onset. At baseline, 194/203 (95.6%) had mainly peripheral manifestations, 74.4% of patients had skin psoriasis, 40% nail psoriasis, 39.3% clinical enthesitis and 25.9% dactylitis. Mean SJC66 and TJC68 were, respectively, 3 and 7.2; mean PhGA was 46.3; 14.7% of patients were in MDA.The higher tender joint count in women (mean TJC68 9.3 in women vs 5.3 in men) resulted in a higher disease activity according to DAPSA (high disease activity: 11.5% women vs 4.1% men), a higher joint VAS score (mean score 47.1 women vs 39.8 men) and a lower prevalence of MDA (8.3% women vs 20% men). We observed a higher prevalence of moderate or severe psoriasis in men (BSA≥3%: 37% men vs 27.8% women) while all PROs collected (PtGA, pain VAS score, sleep VAS score, BASFI, BASDAI, HAQ-DI, WPAI) were worse in women.The most common comorbidities were cardiometabolic (35.5%), endocrine (9.4%), and gastrointestinal disorders (7.4%). Cardiometabolic disorders were more frequently reported by men, endocrine and gastrointestinal disorders by women; depression exclusively by women.Conclusion:This analysis provides real-life data in a cohort of early PsA subjects. Relevant gender differences were observed, with women showing a higher disease activity and more joint pain and men having more severe psoriasis. Women also perceived a worse disease burden.References:[1]Theander E, et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 73:407–413.[2]Nas K, et al. Mod Rheumatol 2017; 27(2):345-349.Table 1.Baseline dataPsAAll patients (n=203)Women (n=98)Men (n=105)Age (years), mean (SD)51.9 (13.1)51.1 (13.2)52.7 (13.0)Men, n (%)105 (51.7)0 (0)105 (100)BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD)25.9 (4.4)25.4 (4.9)26.4 (3.9)BMI categories^, n (%) Obese40 (21.2)20 (22.2)20 (20.2) Overweight44 (23.3)15 (16.7)29 (29.3) Under/normal weight105 (55.6)55 (61.1)50 (50.5)Comorbidities > 5%*, n (%) Cardiometabolic72 (35.5)28 (28.6)44 (41.9) Endocrine disease19 (9.4)15 (15.3)4 (3.8) Gastrointestinal15 (7.4)10 (10.2)5 (4.8) Depression/Anxiety8 (3.9)8 (8.2)0 (0) Hepatic diseases7 (3.5)1 (1.0)6 (5.7)Clinical assessmentCRP (mg/dl), median (min-max)0.40 (0 – 7.12)0.31 (0 - 5.40)0.49 (0 - 7.12)SJC66, mean (SD)3.0 (4.0)3.2 (4.0)2.7 (4.0)TJC68, mean (SD)7.2 (8.8)9.3 (10.3)5.3 (6.6)Dactylitis, n/tot assessed (%)35/135 (25.9)12/63 (19.1)23/72 (31.9)Enthesitis, n/tot assessed (%)66/168 (39.3)39/80 (48.8)27/88 (30.7)Psoriasis skin, n (%)151 (74.4)68 (69.4)83 (79.1)Psoriasis nails, n/tot assessed (%)62/155 (40.0)29/75 (38.7)33/80 (41.3)Fibromyalgia, n (%)6 (3.0)5 (5.2)1 (1.0)VAS, mean (SD) [range: 0-100] PhGA score46.3 (25.8)51.2 (25.4)41.7 (25.4) Joint score43.3 (26.8)47.1 (25.2)39.8 (27.8) Skin score20.3 (24.0)17.8 (23.1)22.6 (24.8)DAPSA, mean (SD)22.3 (14.1)26.8 (15.4)18.7 (11.9)DAPSA categories^, n (%)High disease activity13 (7.4)9 (11.5)4 (4.1)Moderate disease activity83 (47.2)43 (55.1)40 (40.8)Low disease activity71 (40.3)24 (30.8)47 (48.0)Remission9 (5.1)2 (2.6)7 (7.1)MDA°, n (%)23 (14.7)6 (8.3)17 (20.0)BSA categories, n (%) 3-10% (moderate psoriasis)35 (24.6)13 (21.2)22 (27.1) >10% (severe psoriasis)12 (8.5)4 (6.6)8 (9.9)* A patient could report one or more comorbidities. ^The sum does not add up to the total because of some missing values. ° According to Coates et al. (Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69: 48).Disclosure of Interests:Alen Zabotti: None declared, Michele Maria Luchetti Speakers bureau: Honorary fees for conferences and workshops by Janssen, Abbvie, Novartis, Lilly, Celgene, Pfizer, Carlo Selmi Speakers bureau: Honoraria and/or speaker bureau from AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi-Regeneron, Grant/research support from: Research support from Amgen, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Roberta Ramonda Speakers bureau: Honoraria and speaker fees from Novartis, Abbvie, Pfizer, MSD, Janssen, Rosa Daniela Grembiale: None declared, Lorenzo Dagna Consultant of: Consultation honoraria from Abbvie, Amgen, Biogen, Celltrion, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, and SOBI, Salvatore D’Angelo Speakers bureau: Consulting fees and/or speakers bureau from AbbVie, Biogen, BMS, Celgene, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi and UCB, Giacomo Cafaro: None declared, Salvatore De Vita: None declared, Mara Felicetti: None declared, Silvia Marelli Employee of: Janssen-Cilag SpA, Daniela Frigerio Employee of: Janssen-Cilag SpA, Ennio Favalli Speakers bureau: Consulting fees and/or speaking engagements from AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Galapagos, Sanofi-Genzyme, and UCB.

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Komrokji, Rami S., Amy E. DeZern, Katrina Zell, Najla H. Al Ali, Christopher Estling, Cassie Zimmerman, Wesley Hand, et al. "Validation of International Working Group (IWG) Response Criteria in Higher-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS): A Report on Behalf of the MDS Clinical Research Consortium (MDS CRC)." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.909.909.

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Introduction The primary goal for treatment of higher-risk MDS patients (pts) is to improve overall survival (OS) and delay acute myeloid leukemia (AML) evolution. The IWG 2006 response criteria are used in clinical trials and in clinical practice for assessing efficacy of MDS therapies. These criteria were originally proposed by an international group of experts based on available data and consensus. In an ad hoc landmark analysis of the AZA-001 study using the 2006 IWG criteria, pts who achieved hematological improvement (HI), complete response (CR), marrow CR (mCR), or partial response (PR) demonstrated improved OS. The aim of this study is to validate the IWG 2006 response criteria among a large cohort of higher-risk MDS pts. Methods Pts with higher-risk MDS (intermediate-2 (Int-2) or High Risk by International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS)) who had received treatment and for whom details of response and outcome were available were included from the MDS CRC database. Pts were also classified per IPSS-R. The best response to treatment was categorized per the published IWG 2006 response criteria as CR, PR, mCR, HI, stable disease (SD) or progressive disease (PD). The primary endpoint was OS. Results We identified 646 treated higher-risk MDS pts. Table-1 summarizes baseline characteristics. The first line treatment was hypomethylating agent-based therapy (HMA) in 470 pts (74%). The median duration of follow up was 23.2 months (mo) (95% CI: (19.9, 26.5). Median OS from diagnosis was significantly longer for pts with int-2 IPSS risk disease IPSS (26.2 mo (21.5, 29.7)) compared to those who were High Risk (18.8 mo (15.9, 23.6); (p = 0.026). Median OS from diagnosis also differed by IPSS-R category (p < 0.001): for pts with Low risk (n = 6) it was not reached; Intermediate risk it was 41.7 mo (31.8, NR); High Risk it was 28.4 mo (24.1, 33.2); and for pts with Very High it was 16.5 mo (15.3, 19.1). The best IWG 2006 response rate for first line therapy among evaluable pts (n=597) was CR in 93 pts (16%), mCR in 10 (2%), PR in 57(10%), HI in 60 (10%), SD in 233 (39%), and PD in 144 (24%). The median OS based on IWG 2006 best response for first line therapy was 41 mo for CR, 12 mo for mCR, 26 mo for PR, 13 mo for HI, 14 mo for SD and 7 mo for PD. (p <0.001). CR was associated with better outcome compared to all other response groups. Pts with PR, HI, and SD had better outcome compared to PD, and similar outcome among the 3 groups. There was no difference in rate of AML transformation among response groups except in PD pts compared to others. For pts who were treated with HMA as first line therapy, the best response rates by IWG 2006 criteria were CR in 15%, mCR in 2%, PR in 10%, HI in 12%, SD in 40% and PD in 21%. Median OS in mo from time of HMA therapy based on response was: CR 19 (16.3, NR), mCR: 9 (7.1, NR), PR: 13 (8.8, NR), HI: 11 (7.7, 19.0), SD: 11.0 (8.5, 12.6), and PD: 3 (2.3, 3.9). (p <0.001) The best response by IWG 2006 criteria remained predictive of OS after adjusting for IPSS-R risk group. HR 0.30 (95% CI 0.2-0.4) for CR, and 0.57 (95% CI 0.45-0.7) for mCR/PR/HI compared to PD, (p <0.001) Conclusions: The best response by IWG 2006 criteria to first line therapy in higher-risk MDS correlates with OS. Pts who achieved CR had the best OS, while pts who achieved SD or better response had improved outcome compared to PD, with mCR having an OS equivalent to SD. The CR by IWG 2006 response criteria can be used as a surrogate endpoint for OS in higher-risk MDS pts in randomized Phase II studies determining comparison arms of Phase III trials, and for regulatory purposes. Table 1. Baseline characteristics Variable Total n=646 Age Median 68 Gender Male 399/645(62%) Race White 566/633 (89%) t-MDS Yes 161/545/514 (30%) WHO RA RARS RCMD RAEB-I RAEB-II MDS-U MDS/MPN CMML 5/527 (1%) 7/527 (1%) 69/527 (13%) 1153/527 (29%) 284/527 (54%) 3/527 (1%) 5/527 (1%) 1/527 (1%) IPSS Intermediate-II High 468/646 (72%) 178/646 (28%) R-IPSS Very low Low Intermediate High Very High 0 6/621 (1%) 74/621 (12%) 211/621 (34%) 330/621 (53%) IPSS karyotype Good Intermediate Poor 135/642 (21%) 118/642 (18%) 389 /642 (61%) IPSS-R karyotype Very good Good Intermediate Poor Very poor 7/642 (1%) 137/642 (21%) 134/642 (21%) 118/642 (18%) 246/642 (38%) Allogeneic transplant Yes 158/554 (29%) First line therapy HMA Chemotherapy IMiDClinical trial other 470/634 (74%) 57/634 (9%) 43/634 (7%) 25/634 (4%) 38/634 (6%) Lab (mean) Hgb (n=514) Platelets (n=514) ANC (n=514) Bone marrow blasts (n=639) 9.2 94 1.6 10% Disclosures Komrokji: Novartis: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Consultancy; Pharmacylics: Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding. Steensma:Incyte: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; Onconova: Consultancy. Sekeres:TetraLogic: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene Corporation: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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Aleksandrova, E., A. Novikov, P. Kulakova, A. Dorofeev, N. Savenkova, E. Volnukhin, A. Kovshik, and G. Lukina. "FRI0564 SERUM LEVELS OF IL-6 AND IL-8 IN ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS PATIENTS: ASSOCIATIONS WITH DISEASE ACTIVITY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 884.1–885. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3082.

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Background:Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the spine and sacroiliac joints characterized by new bone formation (syndesmophytes) and ankyloses. In AS cases, along with the damage to the musculoskeletal system, impairment of other organs and systems is often observed (uveitis, inflammatory bowel and heart diseases). Pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6,-17,-23,-21,-22,-31) and chemokines (IL-8) are key pathogenic markers in AS.Objectives:The aims of the study were to determine the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in AS and investigate their relationship with disease activity.Methods:We studied 140 patients (pts) with AS fulfilled modified New York criteria (1984); (102M/38F); median and interquartile range (25th—75th percentile) of age 43.0; 35.0-51.0 years; disease duration 6.0; 4.0-12.0 years; BASDAI - 5.4; 4.1-6.6; ASDAS ESR - 3.6; 2.6-4.4; ASDAS CRP - 3.8; 2.7-4.5; 86% HLA-27 positive. In 50% of pts with AS, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis) were diagnosed. The control group included 17 healthy donors (HC). The serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay using IMMULATE 1000 analyzer (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, USA).Results:AS pts had significantly higher serum level of IL-6 than HC (4.3; 0.1-8.0 pg/ml vs 2.3; 0.1-2.7 pg/ml, p <0.006). The median concentration of IL-8 didn’t differ between AS pts and HC (10.5; 8.3-18.0 pg/ml vs 11.9; 8.2-18.3 pg/ml, p>0.05). The same levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were detected in AS with IBD and AS without signs of IBD (p>0.05). In AS pts, serum IL-6 concentration was positively correlated with ASDAS ESR (r = 0.3), ASDAS CRP (r = 0.3), ESR (r = 0.3) and CRP (r = 0.5) (p <0.05); IL-8 was negatively associated with presence of fecal calprotectin (r = -0.3) (p <0.05).Conclusion:Elevated serum concentration of IL-6 in AS is associated with clinical and laboratory markers of high inflammatory activity of the disease. The levels of IL-8 in the sera of AS patients were negatively correlated with the concentration of fecal calprotectin. Data on the relationship of IL-8 with the activity of the pathological process in AS require further study.Disclosure of Interests:Elena Aleksandrova: None declared, Alexander Novikov: None declared, Polina Kulakova: None declared, Aleksey Dorofeev: None declared, Nadezhda Savenkova: None declared, Evgeniy Volnukhin: None declared, Anton Kovshik: None declared, Galina Lukina Speakers bureau: Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Abbvie, Biocad, MSD, Roche

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Bucur, Maria, Alexandra Ghit, Ayşe Durakbaşa, Ivana Pantelić, Rochelle Goldberg Ruthchild, Elizabeth A. Wood, Anna Müller, et al. "Book Reviews." Aspasia 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 160–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/asp.2020.140113.

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Cristina A. Bejan, Intellectuals and Fascism in Interwar Romania: The Criterion Association, Cham, Switzer land: Palgrave, 2019, 323 pp., €74.89 (hardback), ISBN 978-3-030-20164-7.Chiara Bonfiglioli, Women and Industry in the Balkans: The Rise and Fall of the Yugoslav Textile Sector, London: I. B. Tauris, 2020, 232 pp., £85 (hardback), ISBN: 978-1-78533-598-3.Aslı Davaz, Eşitsiz kız kardeşlik, uluslararası ve Ortadoğu kadın hareketleri, 1935 Kongresi ve Türk Kadın Birliği (Unequal sisterhood, international and Middle Eastern women’s movements, 1935 Congress and the Turkish Women’s Union), İstanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası, 2014, 892 pp., with an introduction by Yıldız Ecevit, pp. xxi–xxviii; preface by the author, pp. xxix–xlix, TL 42 (hardcover), ISBN: 978-605-332-296-2.Biljana Dojčinović and Ana Kolarić, eds., Feministički časopisi u Srbiji: Teorija, aktivizam i umetničke prakse u 1990-im i 2000-im (Feminist periodicals in Serbia: Theory, activism, and artistic practice in the 1990s and 2000s), Belgrade: Faculty of Philology, University of Belgrade, 2018, 370 pp., price not listed (paperback), ISBN: 978-86-6153-515-4.Melanie Ilic, ed., The Palgrave Handbook of Women and Gender in Twentieth-Century Russia and the Soviet Union, London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018, 572 pp., $239 (e-book) ISBN: 978-1-137-54904-4; ISBN: 978-1-137-54905-1.Luciana M. Jinga, ed., The Other Half of Communism: Women’s Outlook, in History of Communism in Europe, vol. 8, Bucharest: Zeta Books, 2018, 348 pp., USD 40 (paperback), ISBN: 978-606-697-070-9.Teresa Kulawik and Zhanna Kravchenko, eds., Borderlands in European Gender Studies: Beyond the East-West Frontier, New York: Routledge, 2020, 264 pp., $140.00 (hardback), ISBN: 978-0-367-25896-2.Jill Massino, Ambiguous Transitions: Gender, the State, and Everyday Life in Socialist and Postsocialist Romania, New York: Berghahn Books, 2019, 466 pp., USD 122 (hardback), ISBN: 978-1-785-33598-3.Gergana Mircheva, (A)normalnost i dostap do publichnostta: Socialnoinstitucionalni prostranstva na biomedicinskite discursi v Bulgaria (1878–1939) ([Ab]normality and access to publicity: Social-institutional spaces of biomedicine discourses in Bulgaria [1878–1939]), Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press, 2018, 487 pp., BGN 16 (paperback), ISBN: 978-954-07-4474-2.Milutin A. Popović, Zatvorenice, album ženskog odeljenja Požarevačkog kaznenog zavoda sa statistikom (1898) (Prisoners, the album of the women’s section of Požarevac penitentiary with statistics, 1898), edited by Svetlana Tomić, Belgrade: Laguna , 2017, 333 pp., RSD 894 (paperback), ISBN: 978-86-521-2798-6.Irena Protassewicz, A Polish Woman’s Experience in World War II: Conflict, Deportation and Exile, edited by Hubert Zawadzki, with Meg Knott, translated by Hubert Zawadzki, London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2019, xxv pp. + 257 pp., £73.38 (hardback), ISBN: 978-1-3500-7992-2.Zilka Spahić Šiljak, ed., Bosanski labirint: Kultura, rod i liderstvo (Bosnian labyrinth: Culture, gender, and leadership), Sarajevo and Zagreb: TPO Fondacija and Buybook, 2019, xii + 213 pp., no price listed (paperback), ISBN: 978-9926-422-16-5.Gonda Van Steen, Adoption, Memory and Cold War Greece: Kid pro quo?, University of Michigan Press, 2019, 350 pp., $85.00 (hardback), ISBN: 978-0-472-13158-7.D imitra Vassiliadou, Ston tropiko tis grafi s: Oikogeneiakoi desmoi kai synaisthimata stin astiki Ellada (1850–1930) (The tropic of writing: Family ties and emotions in modern Greece [1850–1930]), Athens: Gutenberg, 2018, 291 pp., 16.00 € (paperback), ISBN: 978-960-01-1940-4.Radina Vučetić, Coca-Cola Socialism: Americanization of Yugoslav Culture in the Sixties, English translation by John K. Cox, Budapest: Central European University Press, 2018, 334 pp., €58.00 (paperback), ISBN: 978-963-386-200-1.Nancy M. Wingfield, The World of Prostitution in Late Imperial Austria, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017, xvi + 272 pp., $80 (hardback), ISBN: 978-0-19880-165-8.Anastasia Lakhtikova, Angela Brintlinger, and Irina Glushchenko, eds., Seasoned Socialism: Gender and Food in Late Soviet Everyday Life, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2019, xix + 373 pp., $68.41(hardback), ISBN: 978-0-253-04095-4.

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Papa, Anselmo, Luigi Rossi, Federica Tomao, Fabio Ricci, Erika Giordani, Gian Paolo Spinelli, Giuseppe Lo Russo, et al. "Efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness (CE) analysis of pegfilgrastim (P) and lenograstim (L) in patients (pts) with nonmetastatic breast cancer (nmBC) receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy (mCT)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e19620-e19620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e19620.

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e19620 Background: Neutropenia (N) is common in pts who receive mCT. This retrospective study was conducted to determine efficacy, safety and cost of single injection of P (6 mg) compared with daily L (263 μg), in primary prophilaxis of N in pts affected by nmBC, who received mCT. Methods: 50 women (median age 54 years) underwent to median 6 (range 4–8) CT doses with antracyclines +/- taxanes. At every cycle, 28 pts received daily L (median 5 injections from day 5 to 9), while 22 pts received one dose of P on day 2. Absolute neutrophil count, incidence of G3/G4-N, bone pain (BP: Numerical Rate Scale >7) and CE analysis were evaluated. Results: In overall population (OP) incidence of G3-N and G4-N was 25% and 68%, respectively in L vs 22.7% and 41%, respectively in P; two cases (7%) of febrile N (FN) occurred in pts treated with L and three cases (13.6%) of FN in P. In 19 pts treated with FEC100 (10 pts L vs 9 pts P) we observed 0% of G3-N and 30% of G4-N in L while 33% of G3-N and 44% of G4-N in P. 31 pts received TAC/AC+T (18 pts L vs 13 pts P) with G3-N and G4-N 38.8% and 66.6%, respectively in L vs 15.3% and 30.7%, respectively in P. 18.2% of pts, who received P, had BP vs 35.7% in L. Reduction of CT doses was observed in 35.7% in L vs 41% in P. In Italy the cost of 1 injection of P was about 1489,00 euro compared with about 655,00 euro for 5 injections of L. Conclusions: In our experience, 1 injection of P was more effective and expensive than 5 daily administration of L to control N in OP and in particular in TAC/AC+T, while in FEC100, L was satisfactory with good CE profile. No difference about incidence of NF. Safety of P and L were similar with a lower incidence of BP in P.

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Voznyuk, A. P., S. I. Anisimov, S. Y. Anisimova, L. L. Arutyunyan, and N. S. Anisimova. "Surgical treatment of patients with combined pathology of cataract andglaucoma." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2020-3-94-95.

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Актуальность. Техническое обеспечение современной офтальмохирургии – фемтолазерное сопровождение факоэмульсификации – позволяет повысить атравматичность проводимой хирургии посредством уменьшения механической нагрузки на капсулу и связочный аппарат глаукомных глаз. Цель. Сравнительный анализ результатов фемтолазер-ассистированной хирургии катаракты у пациентов с сочетанной патологией катаракты и глаукомы. Материал и методы. Проведено исследование80 пациентов (89 глаз) с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой. Средний возраст пациентов составил 78 лет. Для проведения исследования пациенты были разделены на 4 группы в зависимости от вида хирургического вмешательства. В 1-ю группу(14 глаз) входили пациенты после выполненной фемтолазер-ассистированной факоэмульсификации, 2-ю группу (8 глаз) – после факоэмульсификации без фемтосопровождения; 3-ю группу (16глаз) и 4-ю группу (51 глаз) составляли пациенты после комбинированной факоэмульсификации с фемто- и без фемтосопровождения соответственно в комбинации с непроникающей глубокой склерэктомией с имплантацией дренажа Ксенопласт. До операции и через 6 месяцев после операции определяли роговично-компенсированное давление (ВГДрк), давление, приравненное к ВГД по Гольдману(ВГД г) и корнеальный гистерезис (КГ) с помощью прибора ORA (Reichert), проводили компьютерную периметрию, ретинальную томографию диска зрительного нерва. Результаты. Средние значения ВГД рк, ВГД г иКГ 1-й группы до операции составили 22,3±4,2 ммрт. ст., 20,2±5,6 мм рт. ст., 8.0±1,3 мм рт. ст.; 2 -йгруппы – 26,1±11,5 мм рт. ст., 23,3±11,5 мм рт.ст.,7,7±1,7 мм рт. ст.; 3-й группы – 23,6±9,0 мм рт. ст.,21,3±9,1 мм рт. ст., 7,6±2,3 мм рт. ст.; 4-й группы –31,0±11,0 мм рт. ст., 28,3±10,0 мм рт. ст., 6,6±3,0 ммрт. ст. Через 6 мес наблюдения уровень ВГД рк иВГД г во 2-й группе снизился до 14,2±7,4 мм рт. ст.и 12,4±6,9 мм рт. ст., что оказалось на 1,6 и 2,6 мм рт.ст. соответственно меньше показателей 1-й группы, однако в 1-й группе наблюдалось статистически значимое повышение уровня КГ до 10,1±1,8 мм рт.ст. – на 0,9 мм рт. ст. больше 2-й группы; В 3-й группе наблюдения снижение уровней ВГД рк и ВГД г произошло до 15,3±4,5 и 13,5±3,1 мм рт. ст., что на1,5 и 0,9 мм рт. ст. соответственно меньше показателей 4-й группы, в 3-й группе также наблюдалось статистически значимое повышение уровня КГ до8,4±2,3 мм рт. ст., что на 0,9 мм рт. ст. больше показателя 4 группы. Выводы. Фемтосопровождение факоэмульсификации в хирургии сочетанной патологии катаракты и глаукомы является статистически эффективным способом нормализации уровня внутри глазного давления, оказывающее благоприятное воздействие на биомеханическое и структурно-функциональное состояние глаукомных глаз.

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Habre, Walid, Barna Babik, Michel Chalier, and Ferenc Peták. "Role of Endogenous Histamine in Altered Lung Mechanics in Rabbits." Anesthesiology 96, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): 409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200202000-00028.

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Background Unlike the effects of exogenous histamine, those of endogenous histamine on the lung mechanics have not yet been characterized. The site of endogenous histamine liberation by mivacurium was determined, as were the effects of this histamine on the airway and parenchymal mechanics in control rabbits (group C) and rabbits pretreated with H1 and H2 receptor blockers (group AH). The effectiveness of the receptor blockade was ensured by challenges with exogenous histamine. Methods Pulmonary input impedance at low frequencies (ZL) was measured in anesthetized mechanically ventilated open-chest rabbits under control conditions and every minute after administration of an intravenous bolus of mivacurium (2 mg/kg) and exogenous histamine (10 microg/kg). Histamine levels were determined in serum samples taken from the carotid artery and jugular vein before and 1, 3, and 6 min after mivacurium injection. Parameters of airway resistance (Raw) and inertance and parenchymal damping (G) and elastance (H) were extracted from ZL spectra. Results Mivacurium induced significant increases in plasma histamine levels, with the venous concentrations being significantly higher than those in the artery. The mivacurium-induced increase in Raw (28.7 +/- 2.3%; mean +/- SD) in group C was significantly higher than that in group AH (6.6 +/- 3.4%), whereas the responses in G were not inhibited significantly (23.9 +/- 6.9% vs. 15.5 +/- 3.0%). The significant increases in Raw (70.6 +/- 12.6%) and G (21.0 +/- 4.9%) after exogenous histamine administration were virtually completely abolished by antihistamine pretreatment (3.6 +/- 3.7% and 0.3 +/- 2.6%). Conclusions After mivacurium administration, endogenous histamine is liberated at least partly in the systemic circulation, and it induces primarily a heterogeneous airway constriction with minor changes in the parenchymal properties. This response was considerably reduced but not abolished by antihistamine pretreatment, a circumstance suggesting that mivacurium may liberate other constrictor mediators that might also contribute to the airway and parenchymal constriction.

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