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1
Lam, Kei Fong. "Diffuse interface models of soluble surfactants in two-phase fluid flows." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/62686/.
Full textAbstract:
Surface active agents (surfactants) reduce the surface tension of fluid interfaces and, via surface tension gradients, can lead to tangential forces resulting in the Marangoni effect. Biological systems take advantage of their impact on fluids with interfaces, but surfactants are also important for industrial applications such as processes of emulsification or mixing. Surfactants can be soluble in at least one of the fluid phases and the exchange of surfactants between the bulk phases and the fluid interfaces is governed by the process of adsorption and desorption. One can compute the interfacial surfactant density from the bulk surfactant density by assuming that the interface is in equilibrium with the adjacent bulk phase and imposing a closure relation (known as adsorption isotherm) between the two quantities. The assumption (known as instantaneous adsorption) is valid when the process of adsorption to the interface is fast compared to the kinetics in the bulk phases. However, it is not valid in the context of ionic surfactant systems, or when the diffusion is not limited to a thin layer. In this thesis, we derive two types of mathematical models for two-phase flow with a soluble surfactant that can account for both instantaneous and non-instantaneous adsorption. The first type is a sharp interface model, in which the interface is modelled by moving hypersurfaces. While the second type is a phase field model, in which the interface is a region of small, nonzero thickness where there is some microscopic mixing of the two fluids. Both types of models are shown to satisfy energy inequalities which guarantee thermodynamical consistency. Via a formal asymptotic analysis, we show the phase field models are related to sharp interface models in the limit that the interfacial width tends to zero. Flexibility with respect to the choice of bulk and surface free energies allows us to realise various isotherms and relations of state between surface tension and surfactant. We present some numerical simulations to support the asymptotic analysis and display the effectiveness of the our approach. As a first step towards an analysis of our models, we consider sharp interface and phase field models for soluble surfactants in a static situation. The surfactant equations become a linear elliptic coupled bulk-surface partial differential equation, and our main result is the rigorous convergence of the weak solution of the phase field models to the weak solution of the sharp interface models.
2
Bettache, Nayel. "Matrix-valued Time Series in High Dimension." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAG002.
Full textAbstract:
L'objectif de cette thèse est de modéliser des séries temporelles à valeurs matricielles dans un cadre de grande dimension. Pour ce faire, la totalité de l'étude est présentée dans un cadre non asymptotique. Nous fournissons d'abord une procédure de test capable de distinguer dans le cas de vecteurs ayant une loi centrée stationnaire si leur matrice de covariance est égale à l'identité ou si elle possède une structure de Toeplitz sparse. Dans un second temps, nous proposons une extension de la régression linéaire matricielle de faible rang à une régression à deux paramètres matriciels qui créent des corrélations entre les lignes et les colonnes des observations. Enfin nous introduisons et estimons un topiques-modèle dynamique où l'espérance des observations est factorisée en une matrice statique et une matrice qui évolue dans le temps suivant un processus autorégressif d'ordre un à valeurs dans un simplexeThe objective of this thesis is to model matrix-valued time series in a high-dimensional framework. To this end, the entire study is presented in a non-asymptotic framework. We first provide a test procedure capable of distinguishing whether the covariance matrix of centered random vectors with centered stationary distribution is equal to the identity or has a sparse Toeplitz structure. Secondly, we propose an extension of low-rank matrix linear regression to a regression model with two matrix-parameters which create correlations between the rows and he columns of the output random matrix. Finally, we introduce and estimate a dynamic topic model where the expected value of the observations is factorizes into a static matrix and a time-dependent matrix following a simplex-valued auto-regressive process of order one
3
Haaheim, Bård. "A sub-1µW, 16kHz Current-Mode SAR-ADC for Neural Spike Recording." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elektronikk og telekommunikasjon, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14371.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents an ultra-low-power 8-bit asynchronous current-modesuccessive approximation (SAR) ADC for single channel neuron spike recording.The novel design exploits current mode operating in weak inversion forhigh power efficiency and is designed to operate at a 1.8V supply. The ADC isrunning at a 16kHz sampling frequency using under 1uW of power, thoughis adjustable using the featured calibration registers. A finished layout ispresented, occupying less than 0.078mm2. Linear operation through mismatchand process variations is obtained using a current calibration circuitconnected to both the current mode DAC and all the biases. This ensuresINL < 0.5 and DNL < 1, yielding no missing codes and a 3sigma productionyield. Calibration is needed because of the relatively large mismatch causedby sub-threshold operation of the current mirrors. The design also offers anewly developed current comparator with high resolution and fast settlingrelative to the current level and is completable with other state-of-the-art solutions,though still feature some voltage scaling issues left for future work.
4
Bai, Haiping. "Solid-state NMR Studies of organotin compounds and of titania pigments." Thesis, Durham University, 1991. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6286/.
Full text
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Griffiths, Christopher Alan. "A critical analysis of Antonovsky's sense of coherence theory in relation to mental health and mental disorder and the effect of a lifelong learning intervention on the sense of coherence of mental health service users." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2010. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/6286/.
Full textAbstract:
The theoretical focus of this thesis is Antonovsky's sense of coherence theory, the research paradigm is humanistic existential and the main area of investigation is mental health. The context of this thesis is the EU's Empowerment of Mental Illness Service Users: Lifelong Learning and Action (EMILIA) project which sought to increase the social inclusion and empowerment of mental health service users through providing formal learning and employment opportunities. Literature reviews were conducted on sense of coherence theory and on learning interventions for mental health service users. The sense of coherence literature review revealed a substantial level of research into the theory and its application. The investigation into learning interventions for mental health service users found that they can bring significant benefits. The thesis considered how Antonovsky's sense of coherence theory related to mental health and disorder and it found that the underlying theory has relevance in understanding coping with and the existence, development and treatment of mental disorder. The analysis indicated the possible mental health benefits of seeking to strengthen sense of coherence. The implications of the findings are discussed in relation to topics such as health care and recovery. A combined research methods approach was taken to the assessment of the EMILIA project. A quantitative study was conducted using the SOC-13 (Antonovsky, 1987) measure to assess whether participation in the EMILIA project strengthened sense of coherence. The results showed that involvement in EMILIA significantly increased sense of coherence. This result supports efforts to increase the social inclusion and empowerment of mental health service users through providing learning and employment opportunities. The results also revealed that there was a strong positive correlation between SF-36-v2 mental health related quality of life and SOC-13 at baseline, follow-up and change over time. These results are in line with the majority of previous studies conducted in this area. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to assess the mechanisms and processes that led to this result. This analysis helped demonstrate that the EMILIA project strengthened participants' ability to effectively respond to the needs and demands of their lives and it revealed insights into the mechanisms and application of SOC theory. In response to Antonovsky's call to study the sense of coherence concept using methods other than his orientation to life questionnaire, qualitative research methods were employed. This thesis investigated how sense of coherence theory applied when mapped onto descriptions by mental health service users of how they deal with problems that they face in their lives. The thematic analysis revealed that sense of coherence theory mapped effectively onto the interview transcripts. The analysis identified various factors that can be considered to be general resistance resources in the sense of coherence model. It also revealed distinctions between concrete and relationship orientated problem solving that led to an enhanced model of sense of coherence theory. This thesis proposes that SOC theory can be regarded as a theoretical framework for designing interventions for mental health service users that seek to enhance coping, adaptability, recovery, social inclusion, and empowerment. The results suggest that programmes similar to EMILIA style opportunities should be an integrated part of recovery focused provision. Overall commonalities in the findings of the two thesis studies provided new insights into the factors, mechanisms and processes involved in coping and adaption that are essential to and intertwined with SOC strength, mental health and recovery. Social capital was indentified as a key general resistance resource and the combined findings provide support for projects and interventions for mental health service users that seek to facilitate increased social capital.
6
Russeau, Wanessa. "Membrane investigations using infra-red spectroscopy and multivariate target factor analysis." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2007. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/6286/.
Full textAbstract:
Mid Infrared spectroscopy coupled with multivariate Target Factor Analysis (TFA) was used to investigate permeation and localisation of drugs through and within synthetic membranes and human skin. Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used for the diffusion experiments, and Mid-IR mapping for the drug distribution studies in human skin. A proof of concept was established through these studies, for a rapid screening protocol of membranes in general. Mid-IR reference spectra of the compounds were systematically collected to form a library for subsequent data interpretation. Reproducibility studies using a solution of methyl paraben (MP) in ethanol (EtOH) and water through Carbosil and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or silicone were conducted. Carbosil membrane is more complex membrane than PDMS as it has a heterophase domain structure composed of PDMS and polycarbonate (PC). It was found that an extremely good contact between the membrane and the ATR crystal was essential in order to obtain good reproducibility. Carbosil had an excellent contact and thus good reproducibility was obtained, whereas the opposite was found for the type of silicone membrane used. Also, the power of TFA to deconvolute very similar compounds such as MP and propyl paraben (PP), within a same data set, was successfully demonstrated. Diffusion experiments on a series of model drug compounds, i.e. methyl paraben (MP), ibuprofen (IBU) and caffeine (CF) in water and ethanol were studied through a synthetic membrane and human skin. The spectral data collected were complex, and were therefore, analysed by multivariate TFA. The data were successfully deconvoluted obtaining, in most of the cases, a high correlation between the deconvoluted factors from the data and the reference spectra of the compounds of interest. then evolution profiles for the diffusion of the species with time for the drug, and solvents were obtained for Carbosil as well as for skin, even though in the case of the skin the data were still more complex. A commercial formulation of IBU was also examined using human skin. Again most of the components were successfully deconvoluted and evolution profiles were obtained. Finally, Mid IR and TFA was used to localise a lipophilic drug within the layers of human skin. The distribution and localisation of the drug in the skin layers was successfully studied by adopting a multivariate analysis approach based on TFA. The compound was successfully localised and the greatest relative concentration was observed within hair follicles as expected. The ensemble of these experiments demonstrates that IR spectroscopy coupled with TFA is a valuable tool for the study of membranes, particularly skin. It also opens up a novel approach to high throughput screening in formulation development.
7
Monti, Matteo. "Non-evolutive pattern recognition techniques: An application in medical image diagnostics." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6286/.
Full textAbstract:
Lo studio dell’intelligenza artificiale si pone come obiettivo la risoluzione di una classe di problemi che richiedono processi cognitivi difficilmente codificabili in un algoritmo per essere risolti. Il riconoscimento visivo di forme e figure, l’interpretazione di suoni, i giochi a conoscenza incompleta, fanno capo alla capacità umana di interpretare input parziali come se fossero completi, e di agire di conseguenza.
Nel primo capitolo della presente tesi sarà costruito un semplice formalismo matematico per descrivere l’atto di compiere scelte. Il processo di “apprendimento” verrà descritto in termini della massimizzazione di una funzione di prestazione su di uno spazio di parametri per un ansatz di una funzione da uno spazio vettoriale ad un insieme finito e discreto di scelte, tramite un set di addestramento che descrive degli esempi di scelte corrette da riprodurre. Saranno analizzate, alla luce di questo formalismo, alcune delle più diffuse tecniche di artificial intelligence, e saranno evidenziate alcune problematiche derivanti dall’uso di queste tecniche.
Nel secondo capitolo lo stesso formalismo verrà applicato ad una ridefinizione meno intuitiva ma più funzionale di funzione di prestazione che permetterà, per un ansatz lineare, la formulazione esplicita di un set di equazioni nelle componenti del vettore nello spazio dei parametri che individua il massimo assoluto della funzione di prestazione. La soluzione di questo set di equazioni sarà trattata grazie al teorema delle contrazioni. Una naturale generalizzazione polinomiale verrà inoltre mostrata.
Nel terzo capitolo verranno studiati più nel dettaglio alcuni esempi a cui quanto ricavato nel secondo capitolo può essere applicato. Verrà introdotto il concetto di grado intrinseco di un problema. Verranno inoltre discusse alcuni accorgimenti prestazionali, quali l’eliminazione degli zeri, la precomputazione analitica, il fingerprinting e il riordino delle componenti per lo sviluppo parziale di prodotti scalari ad alta dimensionalità. Verranno infine introdotti i problemi a scelta unica, ossia quella classe di problemi per cui è possibile disporre di un set di addestramento solo per una scelta.
Nel quarto capitolo verrà discusso più in dettaglio un esempio di applicazione nel campo della diagnostica medica per immagini, in particolare verrà trattato il problema della computer aided detection per il rilevamento di microcalcificazioni nelle mammografie.
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Sutherland, Douglas. "The transition of adult students to higher education : communities, practice and participation." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6286/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the distinctive characteristics of adult students’ experience of transition to higher education. It addresses a gap in the current academic literature which, driven by concerns about the economic, social and personal implications of ‘problematic’ or ‘failed’ transition, often conceptualises transition to higher education in narrow, instrumental terms and frames it as a predominately linear process with a discernible beginning and end. By highlighting what falls within normative parameters of transition, this approach arguably obscures its heterogeneity. The research presented in this thesis suggests that it particularly lacks the flexibility to illuminate the more diverse experience of adult students whose individual histories, responsibilities, social networks, fears and dreams are – in general – very different to those of ‘traditional’ younger students around whose needs most models of transition support are primarily shaped. By adopting a more radical conceptualisation of transition which sees it as the lifelong ebb and flow of change in response to the multiplicity of factors that impact and shape human experience, the research highlights two overarching aspects of adult students’ experience of transition which have received relatively little attention in the relevant literature. First, it highlights the ubiquitous presence of risk and the anxiety it engenders in adult students’ experience of transition. For the vast majority of adult students their decision to enter higher education later in life is accompanied by a heightened awareness that the expectations behind that decision may not be fully realised. The research suggests that the anxiety that frequently accompanies this awareness permeates their whole experience of transition to higher education and has the potential to intensify concerns about mastering its valued practices. Second, the research highlights the significance of adult students’ social networks outwith higher education. Managing the interaction between these and higher education networks and communities is challenging for some students, particularly when the identity shift inherent in transition entails an element of distancing from longstanding supportive networks. Overall, this research points to the need for a widened perspective on adult students’ transition which moves the focus beyond problem solving towards a more nuanced approach that more fully acknowledges the sheer diversity of the factors involved.
9
Arcangeli, Tiziana <1980>. "Effetto dell'analgesia epidurale sulla progressione della testa fetale valutata mediante ecografia 3D." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6286/.
Full textAbstract:
Introduzione:
L'analgesia epidurale è stata messa in correlazione con l'aumento della durata del secondo stadio del travaglio e del tasso di utilizzo della ventosa ostetrica. Diversi meccanismi sono stati ipotizzati, tra cui la riduzione di percezione della discesa fetale, della forza di spinta e dei riflessi che promuovono la progressione e rotazione della testa fetale nel canale del parto. Tali parametri sono solitamente valutati mediante esame clinico digitale, costantemente riportato essere poco accurato e riproducibile. Su queste basi l'uso dell'ecografia in travaglio, con introduzione di diversi parametri ecografici di valutazione della discesa della testa fetale, sono stati proposti per supportare la diagnosi clinica nel secondo stadio del travaglio.
Scopi dello studio:
studiare effetto dell’analgesia epidurale sulla progressione della testa fetale durante il II stadio del travaglio valutata mediante ecografia intrapartum.
Materiali e metodi:
una serie di pazienti nullipare a basso rischio a termine (37+0-42+0) sono state reclutate in modo prospettico nella sala parto del nostro Policlinico Universitario. In ciascuna di esse abbiamo acquisito un volume ecografico ogni 20 minuti dall’inizio della fase attiva del secondo stadio fino al parto ed una serie di parametri ecografici sono stati ricavati in un secondo tempo (angolo di progressione, distanza di progressione distanza testa sinfisi pubica e midline angle). Tutti questi parametri sono stati confrontati ad ogni intervallo di tempo nei due gruppi.
Risultati:
71 pazienti totali, di cui 41 (57.7%) con analgesia epidurale. In 58 (81.7%) casi il parto è stato spontaneo, mentre in 8 (11.3%) e 5 (7.0%) casi rispettivamente si è ricorsi a ventosa ostetrica o taglio cesareo. I valori di tutti i parametri ecografici misurati sono risultati sovrapponibili nei due gruppi in tutti gli intervalli di misurazione.
Conclusioni:
la progressione della testa fetale valutata longitudinalmente mediante ecografia 3D non sembra differire significativamente nelle pazienti con o senza analgesia epidurale.Objectives: To assess the effect of epidural analgesia on sonographic progression of fetal head in second stage of labor. Methods: Nulliparous low-risk women at term (37+0-42+0) attending the labor ward of our University Hospital were recruited for the purpose of this study. A volume dataset was acquired by translabial ultrasound every 20 minutes from the beginning of the active second stage until delivery. A series of sonographic parameters were derived from offline analysis of each volume (angle of progression, progression distance, head symphysis distance and midline angle). All parameters were compared at each time interval between patients with or without elective epidural at the onset of labor. Results: 71 patients were recruited in the study; 41 (57.7%) of them in the epidural group. Spontaneous vaginal delivery was achieved in 58 (81.7%) cases. Vacuum delivery and Cesarean section were performed in 8 (11.3%) and 5 (7.0%) cases, respectively. All ultrasound parameters values were comparable at each time interval in the epidural and non-epidural group. Conclusions: Fetal head progression, longitudinally assessed by three-dimensional ultrasound, seems to be comparable in patients submitted or not to epidural administration.
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Valizadeh, Sima. "Compression efficiency improvement for 2D and 3D video." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62086.
Full textAbstract:
The full abstract for this thesis is available in the body of the thesis, and will be available when the embargo expires.Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate
11
Hill, Lesley Ann. "Corticosteroid-Binding Globulin (CBG) : deficiencies and the role of CBG in disease processes." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62186.
Full textAbstract:
The full abstract for this thesis is available in the body of the thesis, and will be available when the embargo expires.Medicine, Faculty of
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of
Graduate
12
Sharma, Ravi. "Parameter extraction for photovoltaic device performance characterization." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62486.
Full textAbstract:
Photovoltaic systems for solar energy harvesting have seen accelerated growth over the past few decades. Crystalline silicon based photovoltaic systems are one of the most widespread photovoltaic solar cell technologies in use today. Such increased penetration of the photovoltaic systems creates new opportunities but also raises challenges, for photovoltaic manufacturers that are tasked with making their product more reliable and of good quality. As a final step during the fabrication of photovoltaic solar cells or modules, the current-voltage characteristics corresponding to each finished product, are measured under standard testing conditions. Measurement of electrical characteristics of the finished product is important for qualification purposes. For quality assessment purposes, certain metrics associated with the current-voltage characteristics, such as open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, maximum current, maximum voltage, etc., are used based on a chi-by-the-eye method in adjudicating as to whether a given photovoltaic device is of “good” quality. In doing so, only a few of the salient points in the current voltage characteristic are utilized, while detailed information, inherent in the current-voltage characteristic, is not considered. In this thesis, means whereby empirical models of photovoltaic solar cells or modules may be used to fit the experimentally measured current-voltage characteristics is proposed. Accordingly, model parameters that can be used to characterize photovoltaic solar cells or modules are extracted from their measured current-voltage characteristics. These model parameters include photo-generated current, reverse saturation current, diode ideality factor, series resistance, and shunt resistance. For the realization of this objective, one of the most commonly used models to predict the current-voltage characteristic of a photovoltaic solar cell or module is adopted. A curve fitting approach is proposed based on a non-linear optimization technique to extract model parameters associated with given current-voltage characteristics. In this thesis, computational solutions are developed for accurately extracting model parameters. The presented research spans from performance modeling, parameter estimation methods, to application of an optimization algorithm. Both experimental and standard data are used to investigate the accuracy of the extracted model parameter results obtained to validate the optimal performance of the proposed technique. The possible applications of this approach are discussed.Applied Science, Faculty of
Engineering, School of (Okanagan)
Graduate
13
Amir, Nida. "Exploring oral health and dental care experiences, perceptions and behaviours of adults whose parents were incarcerated during their childhood." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62686.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: Parental incarceration is an Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) that can have a negative effect on health related Quality of Life (QOL) outcomes in adulthood. It is unclear how this ACE influences oral health in childhood and in adulthood. This study explores:
1. The oral-health and dental care experiences of men and women whose parents were incarcerated during their childhood;
2. How this childhood experience influences current behaviours and perceptions of oral health and dental care in adulthood.
Methods: Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with adults who had one or both parents incarcerated during their childhood. The transcripts were analyzed using Interpretive Phenomenology to identify and describe dominant themes.
Results: The eight participants in this study (four males, four females) were found to have experienced more than one ACE. Four themes emerged: 1) Instability; 2) Poverty, stigma and shame; 3) Past dental experiences, and 4) Value of empathetic dental professionals.
Conclusion: This study aimed to provide awareness into the concepts that exist about oral health and dental care in adults that have experienced parental incarceration. We found that participants were able to receive dental care on a regular basis during childhood, (urgent and general dental care) however, preventive dental care at home was lacking. The manner in which dental care was delivered in childhood had a strong influence on dental behaviours in adulthood. Financial barriers such as inability to afford dental-care and non-financial barriers such as dental fear, stigma and shame exist for the participants in adulthood in accessing dental care. Perceived poor dental aesthetics made participants feel low self-esteem and social isolation, and restricted their career options. Oral health of their children is given more priority than their own and dental professionals who are empathetic are preferred. The findings of this study highlight that, similar to other vulnerable groups, it is important for dental practitioners to understand and practise Trauma Informed Care universally when working with children, in particular those who may have suffered from ACE, in order to provide experiences that promote their future oral-health.Dentistry, Faculty of
Graduate
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Pitot, Amaury. "Suicide and the South African business cycle: a time series approach, 2006-2015." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62286.
Full textAbstract:
Suicide is a major public health issue and imposes substantial economic cost on society every year. For example, the World Health Organisation has estimated that there are over one million completed suicides every year, of which about 75% occur in middle and low income countries. In South Africa, suicide is one of the leading causes of non-natural death, but remains under-researched from an economic point of view due to limited data availability. Using monthly data for the period 2006-2015, this study explores whether there is a relationship between suicide and the South African business cycle. This is further broken down to examine how, if at all, this relationship with the business cycle differs across age-, gender-, and racial groups. The primary source of data for suicide and demographic groups were obtained from Statistics South Africa’s Mortality and Causes of Death Data from Death Notification released since 2006. The coincident indicator was used as a proxy for the business cycle as it represents the business cycle in real time. Using an autoregressive distributed lagged model (ARDL), a long run relationship was established with suicide being a function of the coincident indicator, divorce and fertility rate. The findings of this paper show that the overall suicide rate moves with the South African business cycle (i.e. pro-cyclical relationship) in the long run. This relationship holds for males, the black population group and the 15-29 and 30-44 age categories. In addition, the divorce rate had a positive and significant relationship with the overall suicide rate, as well as suicide among the black population group and for the 30-44 age category, whereas fertility rates had no significant relationship with suicide.
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Ritchot, Pamela (Pamela Rae). "Tuktoyaktuk : responsive strategies for a new Arctic urbanism." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62886.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2011.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 220-221).
The Canadian Arctic is facing a set of compounding crises that will drastically impact the future of its coastal frontier. At a time when climate change is having a detrimental impact on the Arctic landscape, Northern communities are on the frontline of resource development where industrial money promises major territorial and social change. In this way, the Inuvialuit population of Tuktoyaktuk will find opportunity in crisis as they strategically manipulate both the agendas of the petroleum industry as well as the federal government's own incentive for Northern development in order to construct a new coastal frontier and secure a post-oil economy defended from the rising sea. This form of oil urbanization provides an architectural and infrastructural imperative for this thesis, as change will occur rapidly and at a much larger scale than these communities could spark or manage on their own. The Tuktoyaktuk landscape will undoubtedly become transformed by the creation of occupiable, defensive infrastructure that secures new land on which to reimagine the arctic dwelling and its temporal interface with a rising sea and a changing economy. Mobilized by the demands and goals of the Inuvialuit population, this thesis examines Tuktoyaktuk as an exemplary model for strategic modernization and development of remote Arctic communities on the frontline of industrialization. The goal of designing this enhanced urban structure is to make use of the finite economic opportunity to set up the framework from which the community will thrive and grow upon the retreat of the oil operations. By maximizing the opportunities that emerge from these complexities of place, we begin to unveil a unique and timely moment for architectural and infrastructural innovation.
by Pamela Ritchot.
M.Arch.
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Mas, Fanny (Fanny P. ). "Behavior of alloy 617 at 650°C in low oxygen pressure environments." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62686.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-112).
The behavior of alloy 617 at 650°C in low oxygen partial pressure environments has been studied under static loading. Of particular interest was the crack growth rate in these conditions. For that, tests were conducted at a constant stress intensity factor of 49.45 MPa'm (45 ksidinch) using a direct current potential drop measurement system to determine crack length. High purity argon gas allowed establishing an oxygen partial pressure as low as 10-22 atm and premixed oxygen/argon gases were used to vary the oxygen potential. To go dee er into the understanding of the phenomena involved, a creep test (constant load of 1.21x10 N in argon environment) and a corrosion experiment (50 ppm oxygen in argon for 500 hours without any load) were also added. The crack growth tests led to a particularly unexpected result: whatever the oxygen potential, the crack growth rate increased with time and the plot for the crack length versus time displayed a recurrent parabolic shape without any change in the environment. No unique crack growth rate could be defined in a given environment and the influence of the environment on the crack growth rate was not clearly visible. Multiple features were found to surround the main crack: secondary cracks parallel to the principal one, intergranular cracking ahead of the crack tip, wedge cracks at grain boundaries and aggregates of Cr-rich carbides near the lips of the crack. Moreover no extensive oxide scale was formed on the surface of the sample exposed to the corrosive environment (50 ppm oxygen in argon) for 500 hours. The non-constant crack growth rates, together with the observed cracking features, were attributed to the competition between creep deformation and mechanical fracture, likely environmentally enhanced. An exponential law was found to fit the data for the crack growth rate as a function of time for a K of 49.45 MPalm (45 ksi'inch). The effects of the environment were overcome by mechanical and thermal processes leading to damage accumulation and so, a reaction of alloy 617 to the external stress and temperature highly dependent on time. This behavior was compared with the one of alloys Haynes 230 and Incoloy 908 in the same conditions.
by Fanny Mas.
S.M.
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Chan, Chung Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Generating secret in a network." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62386.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 247-253) and index.
This monograph studies the theory of information through the multiuser secret key agreement problem. A general notion of mutual dependence is established for the secrecy capacity, as a natural generalization of Shannon's mutual information to the multivariate case. Under linear-type source models, this capacity can be achieved practically by linear network codes. In addition to being an unusual application of the network coding solution to a secrecy problem, it gives secrecy capacity an interpretation of network information flow and partition connectivity, further confirming the intuitive meaning of secrecy capacity as mutual dependence. New identities in submodular function optimization and matroid theory are discovered in proving these results. A framework is also developed to view matroids as graphs, allowing certain theory on graphs to generalize to matroids. In order to study cooperation schemes in a network, a general channel model with multiple inputs is formulated. Single-letter secrecy capacity upper bounds are derived using the Shearer-type lemma. Lower bounds are obtained with a new cooperation scheme called the mixed source emulation. In the same way that mixed strategies may surpass pure strategies in zero-sum games, mixed source emulation outperforms the conventional pure source emulation approach in terms of the achievable key rate. Necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for tightness of these secrecy bounds, which shows that secrecy capacity can be characterized for a larger class of channels than the broadcast-type channels considered in previous work. The mixed source emulation scheme is also shown to be unnecessary for some channels while insufficient for others. The possibility of a better cooperative scheme becomes apparent, but a general scheme remains to be found.
by Chung Chan.
Ph.D.
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Toettcher, Jared E. (Jared Emanuel). "Relating topology and dynamics in cell signaling networks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62986.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biological Engineering, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-163).
Cells are constantly bombarded with stimuli that they must sense, process, and interpret to make decisions. This capability is provided by interconnected signaling pathways. Many of the components and interactions within pathways have been identified, and it is becoming clear that the precise dynamics they generate are necessary for proper system function. However, our understanding of how pathways are interconnected to drive decisions is limited. We must overcoming this limitation to develop interventions that can fine tune a cell decision by modulating specific features of its constituent pathway's dynamics. How can we quantatively map a whole cell decision process? Answering this question requires addressing challenges at three scales: the detailed biochemistry of protein-protein interactions, the complex, interlocked feedback loops of transcriptionally regulated signaling pathways, and the multiple mechanisms of connection that link distinct pathways together into a full cell decision process. In this thesis, we address challenges at each level. We develop new computational approaches for identifying the interactions driving dynamics in protein-protein networks. Applied to the cyanobacterial clock, these approaches identify two coupled motifs that together provide independent control over oscillation phase and period. Using the p53 pathway as a model transcriptional network, we experimentally isolate and characterize dynamics from a core feedback loop in individual cells. A quantitative model of this signaling network predicts and rationalizes the distinct effects on dynamics of additional feedback loops and small molecule inhibitors. Finally, we demonstrated the feasibility of combining individual pathway models to map a whole cell decision: cell cycle arrest elicited by the mammalian DNA damage response. By coupling modeling and experiments, we used this combined perspective to uncover some new biology. We found that multiple arrest mechanisms must work together in a proper cell cycle arrest, and identified a new role for p21 in preventing G2 arrest, paradoxically through its action on G1 cyclins. This thesis demonstrates that we can quantitatively map the logic of cellular decisions, affording new insight and revealing points of control.
by Jared E. Toettcher.
Ph.D.
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Gyory, Joanna. "Larval ecology and synchronous reproduction of two crustacean species : Semibalanus balanoides in New England, USA and Gecarcinus quadratus in Veraguas, Panama." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62786.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), February 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 136-146).
The environmental cues for synchronous reproduction were investigated for two highly abundant, ecologically important crustacean species: the temperate acorn barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides, and the tropical terrestrial crab, Gecarcinus quadratus. Larval ecology of these two species was also studied to determine potential sources of larval mortality and recruitment success. High-frequency observations revealed that early-stage larval abundance of S. balanoides was related to storms, and possibly turbidity. Field observations and experiments studied the effect of turbidity and phytoplankton on larval release response. Release coincided with increased turbidity at three sites along the northeast coast of the United States. A three-year time series of phytoplankton and zooplankton data showed that larval release was not consistently related to phytoplankton abundance (total or single species). When gravid barnacles were exposed to phytoplankton or synthetic beads, they released in response to both, suggesting that presence of particles is more important than identity of particles. Feeding experiments showed that adult cannibalism on newly released larvae is lower in highly turbid conditions. It is suggested here that S. balanoides synchronizes its reproduction with the onset of phytoplankton blooms, but turbidity may fine-tune the timing if it provides predation refuge for larvae. Adult G. quadratus females undertake synchronized breeding migrations to the ocean after the first rains of the rainy season, presumably when the risk of desiccation is lowest. They wait for darkness and an ebbing tide before releasing their eggs into the water. First-stage zoeas have dark pigmentation, long dorsal and rostral spines, and a pair of lateral spines. Hatching in darkness may help zoeas avoid predation from planktivorous diurnal fish, and the zoeal spines may deter predation from planktivorous nocturnal fish. In the laboratory, a G. quadratus zoea reached the megalopa stage in 21 days. A mass migration of megalopae and juveniles out of the water was observed 30 days after adult females released their eggs. Plankton pump samples taken near the island suggest that zoea abundance and distribution may be related to the phase of the internal tide. Synchronous reproduction in these two species appears to be the result of predator avoidance behaviors.
by Joanna Gyory.
Ph.D.
20
Kotru, Krish. "Toward a demonstration of a Light Force Accelerometer." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62486.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-81).
The Light Force Accelerometer (LFA) is an optical inertial sensor in which radiation pressure from two counter-propagating laser beams optically confines a glass microsphere. Inertial acceleration of the device results in microsphere displacement along the sensitive axis, which is subsequently nulled by optical forces to provide an acceleration measurement. A simple calculation that takes into account fundamental noise processes in the LFA (i.e., shot noise and RIN in the laser beams) places the sensitivity limit of this accelerometer at < 100 ng. By incorporating widely available, inexpensive optical components into a simple design, a high-precision LFA could provide an appealing alternative to other sensors of comparable performance. Previous work on the LFA revealed instabilities in proof mass position detection caused by the asphericity of microspheres. In this thesis, an alternative method for position detection which was less sensitive to shape-irregularities in microspheres was investigated. Results indicated that resolution of microsphere motion was enhanced significantly when the new detection method was implemented. This improvement. however, did not eliminate the position instabilities observed previously. Capabilities for optical trapping with two counter-propagating beams in air were also developed in this work. Trapping with feedback position control in air was demonstrated for the first time, but long-term trapping in vacuum was prohibitively difficult due to destabilizing mechanical vibrations. For a microsphere in atmospheric pressure, the estimated bias stability was 318 jig after 300 seconds of averaging, and the approximate short-term sensitivity was 500 pg/v/ Hz. Stabilization of mechanical vibrations and precise calibration of power measurements to acceleration will allow this two-beam trap to probe the performance limits of the LFA.
by Krish Kotru.
S.M.
21
Yuditskaya, Sophia. "Automatic vocal recognition of a child's perceived emotional state within the Speechome corpus." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62086.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 137-149).
With over 230,000 hours of audio/video recordings of a child growing up in the home setting from birth to the age of three, the Human Speechome Project has pioneered a comprehensive, ecologically valid observational dataset that introduces far-reaching new possibilities for the study of child development. By offering In vivo observation of a child's daily life experience at ultra-dense, longitudinal time scales, the Speechome corpus holds great potential for discovering developmental insights that have thus far eluded observation. The work of this thesis aspires to enable the use of the Speechome corpus for empirical study of emotional factors in early child development. To fully harness the benefits of Speechome for this purpose, an automated mechanism must be created to perceive the child's emotional state within this medium. Due to the latent nature of emotion, we sought objective, directly measurable correlates of the child's perceived emotional state within the Speechome corpus, focusing exclusively on acoustic features of the child's vocalizations and surrounding caretaker speech. Using Partial Least Squares regression, we applied these features to build a model that simulates human perceptual heuristics for determining a child's emotional state. We evaluated the perceptual accuracy of models built across child-only, adult-only, and combined feature sets within the overall sampled dataset, as well as controlling for social situations, vocalization behaviors (e.g. crying, laughing, babble), individual caretakers, and developmental age between 9 and 24 months. Child and combined models consistently demonstrated high perceptual accuracy, with overall adjusted R-squared values of 0.54 and 0.58, respectively, and an average of 0.59 and 0.67 per month. Comparative analysis across longitudinal and socio-behavioral contexts yielded several notable developmental and dyadic insights. In the process, we have developed a data mining and analysis methodology for modeling perceived child emotion and quantifying caretaker intersubjectivity that we hope to extend to future datasets across multiple children, as new deployments of the Speechome recording technology are established. Such large-scale comparative studies promise an unprecedented view into the nature of emotional processes in early childhood and potentially enlightening discoveries about autism and other developmental disorders.
by Sophia Yuditskaya.
S.M.
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RUÍZ, ROMERO BRENDA. "EL TRABAJO INFANTIL EN LA RESERVA DE LA BIOSFERA DE LA MARIPOSA MONARCA: CASO EJIDO EL ROSARIO, OCAMPO, MICHOACÁN MÉXICO." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/62586.
Full textAbstract:
El trabajo infantil en México es un fenómeno complejo y multidimensional dentro del cual es difícil separar aspectos educativos, sociales, culturales y económicos. Es bien sabido que en México, la sociabilización y la educación de niños y niñas requiere que éstos contribuyan, cooperen y colaboren en muchas actividades familiares, algunas de ellas económicas.
El trabajo de niños y niñas con frecuencia está vinculado a contextos familiares con costumbres y tradiciones particulares, donde éste se convierte en un eje ordenador y estructurador de pautas de comportamiento. En particular, este estudio trata del trabajo realizado por niños y niñas residentes del ejido El Rosario Michoacán de Ocampo durante la presencia de la mariposa monarca.
Debido a que se desconocen cuáles son las causas particulares que llevan a las y los menores a involucrarse en diferentes actividades relacionadas con el turismo en la Reserva de la Biosfera de la Mariposa Monarca y cuál es el uso que se les da a los recursos que generan con su trabajo, el presente estudio busca dar respuesta a la siguiente preguntas:
¿Cuáles son las causas que propician el trabajo infantil en la Reserva de la Biosfera de la Mariposa monarca?
Además la escasa investigación relacionada con el trabajo infantil en el turismo y cómo y cuánto ésta población se ha visto favorecida por dicha actividad, esta investigación plantea como objetivo general:
Analizar el trabajo infantil dentro del contexto turístico durante la presencia de la Mariposa monarca en el ejido El Rosario, Michoacán México para conocer las características del mismo y su efecto en niños y niñas.
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Gonçalves, José António Saraiva Ferraz. "Desenvolvimento de um Sistema Integrado para Avaliação Inicial dos Doentes Oncológicos Admitidos em Cuidados Paliativos." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/62286.
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Marinho, Carine Alves. "Parâmetros operatórios e êxito de cirurgia laparoscópia (drilling ovariano) no tratamento da infertilidade por síndrome do ovário poliquistico." Master's thesis, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/62186.
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Sousa, Odete Luísa Vicente de. "The short-term effect of a high protein, energy-dense oral liquid supplementation in nutritional status of patients with mild Alzheimer's disease." Master's thesis, Porto : edição de autor, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/62586.
Full textAbstract:
Tese de Mestrado em Nutrição Clínica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências de Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do PortoAbstract: Background The aetiology of weight loss in Alzheimer Disease (AD), has not yet been definitively established. Although appears multifactorial, a decline in food intake may be a contributor. Nutritional supplements are often prescribed, especially to prevention for weight loss, but it has not been demonstrated that a short-term nutritional supplementation has impact in AD-patients nutritional status. Objectives The aim of this study was (1) to evaluate the effect of short-term administration of a high protein, energy-dense Oral liquid Supplement (OS) in patients with mild AD who were malnourished, on nutritional status and in body composition, cognitive function and functional ability; (2) to assess the long-term effect of this intervention after discontinuation of the OS. Methods and Measurements A 21 days prospective randomized nonblinded controlled trial was conducted in a Geriatric Unit of a Psychiatric Hospital. From an initial group of Thirty five patients, twenty were randomly assigned to the Treatment Group (TG) n=20 and Fifteen to the Control Group (CG) n=15. During the study period, the TG received during 21 consecutive days, once a day a 200 mL high protein energy-dense OS, which provided 400kcal from a mixture of protein (18% of energy), fat (17.4% of energy), and carbohydrate (42.8% of energy) plus dietetic advice. Patients in the CG received the same dietetic advice as the TG, but no OS. The nutritional status, body composition, functional status and cognitive function were determined at baseline, 21 days (after intervention) and at 90 days of follow-up. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis and serum biomarkers (albumin, total-protein, total-cholesterol, vitamin-B12 and folic acid) levels were obtained. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) tool and the Clock-Drawing Test (CDT). (...)
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Barnard, Adi. "The application of the Social Axiom Survey ll (SASll) in the South African context." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62686.
Full textAbstract:
The SASII which is a measure of social axioms, a concept based on an understanding of the core construct of general beliefs, was investigated in this study. The objective was to determine whether the SASII model fits the data collected in a South African context and whether it measures the same social axiom constructs of the a priori five-factor model. Secondly, the study tested the SASII for configural, metric, scalar and full invariance. Thirdly, social axioms' nomological network was investigated by relying on personality factors to validate social axioms. This study also tested the linkages between social axioms and the Big-Five personality factors. Finally, social axioms' ability to predict personality across cultures was investigated. Beliefs are social in nature and are universally shared amongst individuals within cultures. Shared beliefs represent how people organise their world and make sense of and interpret social realities. Values are widely used in the conceptualisation of cultures as this allows comparisons of the value profiles of individuals socialised into different cultures. Personality represent self-views and is related to culture. Establishing the relationship between social axioms and the constructs of personality and values is an important area for research and intervention. The first article on generalised beliefs, often referred to as social axioms, was published in 2002. It described the axiomatic nature of beliefs based on truth assumptions, personal experience and socialisation. The article sparked a global research interest on social axioms designed to evaluate the universality and meaning of the structure of beliefs across cultures. This interest has resulted in an array of articles, chapters and even a book on the subject. South Africa is ideally positioned for cross-cultural research because of its 11 official languages, diversity in educational levels and unemployment rates, inequality and a divided society due to the historical legacy of apartheid. Language differences create specific environments, defined in terms of culture, race, ethnic grouping, values and attitudes. Globalisation has accelerated the rate of intercultural contact, guiding research attempts to comprehensively describe the emerging cross-cultural dynamics. Recent research findings indicate that South Africans exhibit extreme social axiom scores that are similar to trends in other developing countries. Social axioms research also seeks to assess overlap with other constructs such as values and personality. Efforts to refine social axioms and to expand their nomological network are therefore the main focus of this study. This study aims to contribute towards previous research efforts to improve the validity and expand the nomological network of social axioms through assessing the relationship between generalised beliefs, namely social axioms (labelled Social Cynicism, Reward for Application, Social Complexity, Fate Control and Religiosity) and personality factors (i.e., Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism and Intellect) in the South African context. A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data regarding these constructs as experienced by students and their family members and friends. A convenience sample (N = 1567) of university students and their family members and friends participated in this study. The measuring instruments used were the Social Axioms Survey (SASII), Mini-International Personality Item Pool (Mini-IPIP) and a biographical questionnaire. The results of Study 1 indicated that the SASII five factor structure exhibited an unacceptable model fit within the South African context when conducting a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). However, as an exploratory step, and by creating a parsimonious model, the improved CFA of the SASII presented a fit that improved on previous research findings, suggesting a reasonable fit, taking into account the complexity of the SASII model. Study 2 assessed the measurement invariance (configural, metric, and scalar invariance) of the five factor structure of the SASII parsimonious model across male and female groups in a South African sample. Evidence was obtained through multi-group confirmatory factor analyses, which supported a baseline configural model. This finding indicated that the number of factors and factor structure of the SASII parsimonious model are considered equivalent across male and female groups. Proof for partial metric invariance was found and scalar invariance could not be achieved. Results thus indicated that male and female respondents did not exhibit the same understanding of certain latent constructs and that some items did not have the same meaning for both groups. Males and females also differed in terms of their levels of trust on the SASII's scales of Social Cynicism, Social Complexity and Religiosity. Because scalar invariance could not be achieved, comparisons of the SASII five factors' means across groups could not be computed. This study provided support for previous research findings and indicated that some items and latent factors of the SASII need refinement.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Human Resource Management
PhD
Unrestricted
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Nyembwe, Mutombo Alainch. "Modelling of the characteristics of iron ore granules formed during the granulation process of mixtures that contain concentrate and micropellets." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62786.
Full textAbstract:
The depletion of high-grade lump ore and increased blast furnace productivity with the use of prepared burden have resulted in increased use of iron ore sinter and pellets. There is considerable interest in including fine iron ore concentrate and micropellets into raw material mixtures. These materials need to be accommodated in the mixture without adversely affecting the permeability of the sinter bed. Addition of fine concentrate and micropellets to the raw material mixture will significantly affect the particle size distribution of the granules in the sinter feed. Finer materials form less permeable sinter beds and consequently can reduce the productivity of the sinter plant. The most convenient technique of converting fine ores into a useful sinter feed is granulation. This process consists of the mixing of raw materials (iron ore fines, return fines, fluxes and coke breeze) in a drum granulator for several minutes with the addition of moisture. The granules produced are considered semi-products, whose properties must be monitored in order to achieve improved bed permeability in the sintering process. In this thesis, the granule size distribution was predicted via the mathematical model of Litster. The auto-layering process was found to be the main mechanism of granulation, whereby finer material adheres around large particles. Litster’s model was applied to the ore mixtures with four mass fractions of concentrate and micropellets. The results obtained indicated that the predicted size distributions of granules are in good agreement with the experimental data. The analysis of the granule shape is a challenge in iron ore sinter. X-ray microtomography was used to capture the three-dimensional shape of the granules. Different shape parameters were used in the characterisation of the granule shape. The results showed that the shape factor and sphericity increase with the addition of concentrate and micropellets. Zingg’s diagram was also used as a tool to estimate the overall shape of granules from granulated mixtures. The pressure drop through the green granule bed was modelled by coupling Rocky DEM (Discrete Element Method) and Fluent CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). Systems of mono and bi-sized glass beads were used to validate the applicability of the developed DEM – CFD model to packed beds in a permeameter. Comparisons resulted in good agreement between the predicted and measured pressure drops for both systems of glass beads. The deviations were within ± 10%. Ergun’s equation could not satisfactorily describe the experimental results, with deviations beyond ± 20%. Coupled DEM – CFD simulations were extended to granulated mixtures that contain concentrate and micropellets. The importance of the stiffness, friction, size distribution and shape of granules was investigated. The size distribution was truncated at 0.5 mm size fraction to reduce the number of DEM particles and computational costs. A parametric analysis of the DEM parameters was also investigated to determine the reliable values of stiffness and adhesion force fraction and particle shape. The stiffness was adjusted for mixtures with addition of concentrate and micropellets. A good agreement between the predicted and measured pressure drops was achieved.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering
PhD
Unrestricted
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Meiring, Corne Jeanne. "The relation between academic commitment self-determination and academic achievement in Grade 11 and 12 learners." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62886.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the present study was to assess the associations between academic commitment theory (operationalised as meaningful commitment) (Human-Vogel & Rabe, 2015), and self-determination theoretical constructs (operationalised through need support, need satisfaction, autonomous self-regulation and perceived competence) (Deci & Ryan, 2000) in predicting the academic achievement levels of South African Gr 11 and 12 learners. Data was collected on two occasions; participants initially completed a survey and I then obtained their average academic marks. Participants reported average to higher levels of measured constructs and responses on all measurements displayed a normal distribution. I used path analysis to test two hypothesised and several additional models. The results indicated that neither autonomous self-regulation nor meaningful commitment directly predicted academic achievement but that both constructs indirectly predicted academic achievement through basic psychological need satisfaction and perceived competence. Meaningful commitment, furthermore, predicted twice as much variance in need satisfaction as autonomous self-regulation, and was a significant predictor of autonomous motivation. The findings of this study provide some insight into the role of meaning in self-determination theory, as well the organising role of meaningful commitment in self-regulating behavioural choices. These findings may also help educators and policy makers to create learning environments in which learners’ need for meaning and self-determination is supported, so that they can achieve academic success. Methodologically, the present study contributes to the validation of the meaningfulness subscale and the application of self-determination theory instruments in a South African context.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Educational Psychology
PhD
Unrestricted
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Gómez, Pérez Antonio. "EFECTO DE LA MICROOXIGENACIÓN, LA CRIANZA SOBRE LIAS Y LA ADICIÓN DE PREPARADOS DE LEVADURA SECA INACTIVA, EN LA COMPOSICIÓN POLIFENÓLICA DE LOS VINOS TINTOS DE BOBAL." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/62186.
Full textAbstract:
[EN] Bobal, the majority in the Utiel-Requena, variety has always been considered as a variety less noble to obtain quality red wines.
The development of new winemaking techniques (micro-oxygenation, aging on lees, adding inert experimental yeast preparations) may lead to an improvement in the polyphenolic composition of their wines and better stability over time and to establish a suitable production process.
For that, Bobal grape variety of field experiences "Coloraos" EVER Requena (Valencia Provincial Council) were collected during three seasons, being produced traditionally in the winery Center.
Once the malolactic fermentation the wine was decanted clean a number of containers to experience both steel (twenty seven) as barrels (six), All the experiences were performed in triplicate.
Three steel tanks witnesses acted without treatment; three 10% of the lees was added previously taken; six were subjected to micro-oxygenation and three of them also added 10% lees; in the remaining fifteen five different commercial preparations inert yeast was added. All containing lees or commercial preparations were removed three times a week (batonage).
Six oak barrels, three of them remained a witness and the rest 10% lees was added Then, the wines with lees were removed three times a week.
Monthly samples were taken to determine their polyphenolic composition and its variation over time for six months.
The results show that wines aged on lees and mixed with inactive dry yeast had low astringency, mouthfeel and creaminess sensation by the level of polysaccharide-tannin binding whereas had a greater fall color. The aging in barrels with lees and micro-oxygenation in the presence of lees favor maintaining the level of polyphenols with low astringency and good level of complex polysaccharide-tannin structure and increases the smoothness of the wines[ES] La variedad Bobal, mayoritaria en la Denominación de Origen Utiel-Requena, siempre se ha considerado como una variedad menos noble cara a la obtención de vinos tintos de calidad. El desarrollo de nuevas técnicas enológicas (microoxigenación, crianza sobre lias, adición de preparados experimentales de levaduras inertes) puede dar lugar a una mejora en la composición polifenólica de sus vinos y una mejor estabilidad en el tiempo y poder establecer un proceso de producción adecuado. Con ese fin se recogieron uvas de la variedad Bobal de la EVER de Requena (Diputación de Valencia) durante tres campañas, siendo elaboradas en la bodega del Centro de forma tradicional. Una vez finalizada la fermentación maloláctica se trasegó el vino limpio a una serie de envases para la experiencia, tanto de acero (veintisiete) como barricas (seis), Todas las experiencias se han realizado por triplicado. Tres depósitos de acero actuaron de testigos sin tratamientos; a tres se adicionó 10 % de las lías previamente extraídas; seis fueron sometidos a microoxigenación y tres de ellos además adicionados del 10 % de lías; en los quince restantes se adicionó cinco preparados diferentes de levaduras inertes comerciales. Todos los que contenían lías o preparados comerciales fueron removidos tres veces a la semana (batonage). De seis barricas de roble, en tres de ellas se mantuvieron de testigo y al resto se adicionó un 10% de lías previamente extraídas y se realizaron removidos tres días a la semana. Mensualmente se extrajeron muestras para determinar su composición polifenólica y su variación en el tiempo durante seis meses. Los resultados encontrados muestran que los vinos criados sobre lías y adicionados de levaduras secas inactivas presentaban baja astringencia, volumen en boca y sensación de untuosidad por el nivel de unión polisacárido-tanino, mientras que presentaban una mayor caída de color. La crianza en barrica con lías y la microoxigenación en presencia de lías favorecen el mantenimiento del nivel de polifenoles con baja astringencia y buen nivel del complejo polisacárido-tanino que incrementa la estructura y untuosidad de los vinos.
[CAT] La varietat Bobal, majoritària en la Denominació d'Origen Utiel-Requena, sempre s'ha considerat com una varietat menys noble cara a l'obtenció de vins negres de qualitat. El desenvolupament de noves tècniques enològiques (microoxigenación, criança sobre lies, addició de preparats experimentals de llevats inerts) pot donar lloc a una millora en la composició polifenòlica dels seus vins i una millor estabilitat en el temps i poder establir un procés de producció adequat. Amb aquesta finalitat es van recollir raïm de la varietat Bobal del camp d'experiències "Los Coloraos" de EVER de Requena (Diputació de València) durant tres campanyes, sent elaborades al celler del Centre de forma tradicional. Finalitzada la fermentació malolàctica es va trasbalsar el vi net a una sèrie d'envasos per a l'experiència, tant d'acer (vint-i-set) com bótes (sis), Totes les experiències s'han realitzat per triplicat. Tres dipòsits d'acer van actuar de testimonis sense tractaments; a tres es va addicionar 10% de les lías de ví prèviament extretes; sis van ser sotmesos a microoxigenación i tres d'ells a més addicionats del 10% de líes; en els quinze restants es va addicionar 5 preparats diferents de llevats inerts comercials. Tots els que contenien lías de ví o preparats comercials van ser remoguts tres vegades a la setmana (batonage). De sis bótes de roure, en tres d'elles es van mantenir de testimoni i la resta es va addicionar un 10% de lías de ví prèviament extretes i es van realitzar remoguts tres dies a la setmana. Mensualment es van extreure mostres per determinar la seva composició polifenòlica i la seva variació en el temps durant sis mesos. Els resultats mostren que els vins criats sobre lies i addicionats de llevats secs inactives presentaven baixa astringència, volum en boca i sensació d'untuositat pel nivell d'unió polisacàrid-taní, mentre que presentaven una major caiguda de color. La criança en bóta amb lies i la microoxigenación en presència de lies afavoreixen el manteniment del nivell de polifenols amb baixa astringència i bon nivell del complex polisacàrid-taní que incrementa l'estructura i untuositat dels vins.
Gómez Pérez, A. (2016). EFECTO DE LA MICROOXIGENACIÓN, LA CRIANZA SOBRE LIAS Y LA ADICIÓN DE PREPARADOS DE LEVADURA SECA INACTIVA, EN LA COMPOSICIÓN POLIFENÓLICA DE LOS VINOS TINTOS DE BOBAL [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/62186
TESIS
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Barrera, Benjumea Miguel Ángel. "CARTOGRAFÍAS DISIDENTES. FENOMENOLOGÍAS URBANAS, MAPAS Y TRANSGRESIÓN ARTÍSTICA." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/62586.
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[EN] Hotspot analysis allows us to determine the direction and scope of cartography's influence in contemporary art, as a device capable of both shaping and shoring up dissident proposals.
In artistic practice, cartography allows us to decide upon a unique representation of the world and erase dividing lines between territories. Mapping thus becomes essential and non-neutral as a tool for transforming our reality.
As a part of this research, the city is transformed into a stage for tactics, customs and practices, where art leaves the idea of the eternal map behind in favor of a more versatile and dynamic form of cartography, where the social and the political become indiscernible from one another.
The manner in which mapping is used by artists as a way to interpret multiple competing symbologies and, in a plural discourse, translate them into visual forms echoes the demands that new social relations impose in conflicts over territory. It is against this backdrop where the artist assumes new roles, as mediator, instigator and facilitator of processes, in a practice whose aim is to subvert hierarchies, overstep boundaries and make visible a reality previously suppressed or unrepresented.
Cartography is analyzed insofar as it contributes to the new rise in political agency over territory. This influence, in conjunction with its many other implications, sustains both social movements and collectives in the organization of social bodies that lack the necessary tools to subjectivise themselves within their own circles. Furthermore, it allows them to articulate a plural discourse of dissent through cartography itself, which is able to promote social transformation against unjust, illiberal systems of power.
The constant movement back and forth between the street and the pixel, the public space and the digital realm, gives rise to a series of spatial practices and poetic rebellions that, through mapping, foreshadow the conditions for collective action and embody current artistic discourse.[ES] A partir de un análisis centrado en los focos críticos, determinamos las direcciones y formalismos que el género cartográfico ha reivindicado en la figura del mapa, como dispositivo capaz de apuntalar propuestas disidentes a través del arte contemporáneo. La cartografía en la práctica artística, permite desdecir la representación única del mundo y borrar las líneas fronterizas de los territorios, convirtiéndose, de esta manera, en una herramienta no neutral imprescindible para transformar la realidad. En la presente investigación, la ciudad se torna escenario de tácticas, usos y prácticas, donde lo artístico abandona la idea del mapa eterno en favor de una cartografía versátil y dinámica, en la que el binomio social y político es indiscernible. Asimismo, se aborda la forma en que la cartografía es utilizada por los artistas y las artistas como dispositivo donde se debaten y discuten simbologías múltiples, para interpretar y traducir en formas visuales un discurso plural, eco de las demandas que las nuevas relaciones sociales interfieren sobre el territorio. Es en este escenario donde el artista asume nuevos roles, ligados a las figuras de mediador, detonador de acciones y facilitador de procesos, en una práctica que busca subvertir jerarquías, traspasar los límites impuestos y hacer visible una realidad hasta ahora suprimida o, al menos, que no había sido objeto de representación. Por último, se analiza cómo la cartografía ha contribuido al surgimiento de una nueva agencia política del territorio, que sustenta, entre otras implicaciones, el soporte organizativo de un cuerpo social -el de los colectivos y movimientos sociales- que carecían del instrumental necesario para subjetivarse en una esfera propia y que, mediante la cartografía, articulan un discurso plural desde el disenso, que promueve una transformación social contra el sistema de injusticias y recorte de libertades. En un ir y venir de la calle al píxel, del espacio público a la red digital y viceversa, surgen una serie de prácticas espaciales y poéticas contestatarias que, mediante la cartografía, prefiguran las condiciones de acción colectiva y constituyen un seña de identidad en el discurso artístico contemporáneo.
[CAT] A partir de l'anàlisi centrat en els focus crítics, determinem les direccions i formalismes que el gènere cartogràfic ha reivindicat en la figura del mapa, com dispositiu capaç d'apuntalar propostes dissidents a través de l'art contemporani. La cartografia a la pràctica artística permet desdiure la representació única del món i esborrar les línies frontereres dels territoris, convertint-se, d'aquesta manera, en una eina no neutral imprescindible per transformar la realitat. A la present recerca, la ciutat esdevé escenari de tàctiques, usos i practiques, on l'artístic abandona la idea del mapa etern, a favor d'una cartografia versàtil i dinàmica, en la que el binomi social i polític són indiscernibles. Així mateix, s'aborda la forma en la que la cartografia és usada pels artistes, com dispositiu on es debaten i discuteixen simbologies múltiples, per interpretar i traduir en formes visuals un discurs plural, que demanden les noves relacions socials que interfereixen sobre el territori. És en aquest escenari, on l'artista assumeix nous rols lligats a les figures de mediador, detonador d'accions i facilitador de procesos, en una pràctica que cerca subvertir jerarquies, trespassar els límits imposats i fer visible una realitat fins ara suprimida o, almenys, que no havia sigut objete de representació. Per últim, s'analitza com la cartografia ha contribuït al sorgiment d'una nova agència política del territori, que sustenta, entre d'altres implicacions, el soport organitzatiu a un cos social -el dels col.lectius i moviments socials-que mancaven dels instruments necessaris per subjectivar-se en una esfera pròpia, i que mitjançant la cartografia articulen un discurs plural des del dissens, que promou una transformació social envers el sistema d'injustícies i retallada de llibertats. En una anada i tornada del carrer al píxel, de l'espai públic a la xarxa digital i viceversa, sorgeixen una sèrie de pràctiques espacials i poètiques contestatàries, que mitjançant la cartografia prefiguren les condicions de l'acció col.lectiva i constitueixen un senyal d'identitat en el discurs artístic actual.
Barrera Benjumea, MÁ. (2016). CARTOGRAFÍAS DISIDENTES. FENOMENOLOGÍAS URBANAS, MAPAS Y TRANSGRESIÓN ARTÍSTICA [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/62586
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Cumplido, Muñoz José Ramón. "El vídeo como espejo de la performance: un análisis a través de los medios audiovisuales." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/62686.
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[EN] Performance-art is an artistic practice included on a group of very different techniques and styles whose aim is not to intend to create a physical object or their representation, as culmination of the creative act. For these disciplines, covered by a set of shifting boundaries known as action art, the real artistic act is the intentional action taken by the artist during the creation process. In his purest form, performance should dispense with any object to imply the proposed action; however, many times the artist has needed the competition of certain objects to support his speech. We consider that among them, audiovisual elements occupy a special place due to the relationship they have established with the performance.
Targets: The study we are proposing looks for identifying the relationships between performance and audiovisual medium, since we consider this relationship summarizes and explains the evolution of art in the last hundred years. As specific objectives we propose:
- A comparative analysis to differentiate different types of performance.
- To discover the evolution of performance under the development of the audiovisual medium.
- To set parameters and elements of analysis of performances that are using the audiovisual medium.
- To conduct a study of work lines established in performance since its inception (documentation, still camera as a spectator, altered image and their post-production ...), using as a storyline the relationship between the performer and the audiovisual image.
- To analyze internal boundaries inside the action-art, and among this one with other artistic disciplines.
Methodology: To achieve these objectives we propose the analysis of a series of performance actions with artistic value related to the audiovisual medium in either one of the following grades:
1. - Documentation: the first use made of audiovisual elements was the documentation of events, first by photo and after with film and video cameras, which allowed recording the temporal dimension of the action.
2 - Interaction: the artistic action developed its message using technological elements (sound, music, robots, slide shows or films, TV monitors, etc.)
3. - Creation: the flexibility provided by the video-graphic medium and its simple techniques, enabled that narrative techniques advanced by cinema were assimilated into a new artistic practice: the video-performance.
Our research has been structured at these points analyzing various works in response to the presence of a feature that allows fitting it in either one or another.
Results: From this analysis, general conclusions are drawn such as the variables limits of the practice of performance-art, its hybrid character incorporating disparate elements from physical and expressive nature, the need to document the action and the importance of the treatment given to the temporal element and its relationship over time representation.[ES] La performance es una práctica artística que forma parte de un grupo de técnicas que no pretenden crear un objeto, o su representación, como culminación del acto creador. Englobadas en un conjunto conocido como arte de acción, para éste el verdadero acto artístico se encuentra en la acción intencional del artista durante el proceso de creación. En su forma más pura, la performance debería prescindir de todo objeto para dar a entender su propuesta; sin embargo, el artista precisa determinados objetos en los que apoyar su discurso. Consideramos que entre éstos ocupan un lugar especial los elementos audiovisuales debido a la especial relación que han establecido con la performance. Objetivos: El estudio que proponemos busca identificar las relaciones de la performance con el medio audiovisual, puesto que consideramos que condensan y explican la evolución del Arte en los últimos cien años. Como objetivos particulares proponemos: - Un análisis comparativo que permita diferenciar los distintos tipos de performance. - Descubrir la evolución de la performance a tenor del desarrollo del medio audiovisual. - Establecer parámetros y elementos de análisis sobre las performances que utilizan los medios audiovisuales. - Realizar un estudio de las líneas de trabajo que se han establecido en la performance desde sus inicios (documentación, cámara fija como espectador, imagen alterada y su postproducción...) utilizando como línea argumental la relación entre el intérprete y la imagen audiovisual. - Analizar los límites internos entre los diferentes modos del arte de acción y los que éste mantiene con otras disciplinas artísticas. Metodología: Para lograr estos objetivos proponemos el análisis de una serie de acciones artísticas con valor performativo relacionadas con el medio audiovisual en uno u otro de los siguientes grados: 1. - Documentación: el primer uso que se hizo de los elementos audiovisuales fue el de la documentación, primero mediante la cámara fotográfica y luego con cámaras de cine y vídeo, que permitieron registrar la dimensión temporal de la acción. 2. - Interacción: la acción artística consiguió desarrolla su mensaje mediante el uso de elementos tecnológicos (sonido, música, autómatas, proyecciones de diapositivas o filmaciones, monitores de TV, etc.) 3. - Creación: la flexibilidad que otorga el medio videográfico y la sencillez de sus técnicas, posibilitaron que las técnicas narrativas adelantadas por el cine fueran asimiladas en una nueva práctica artística, la vídeoperformance. La investigación se ha estructurada en estos puntos, analizando distintas obras atendiendo a la presencia de alguna característica que permita encuadrarla en uno u otro. Resultados: De este análisis se han extraído conclusiones generales como son los límites variables de la práctica de la performance, su carácter híbrido al incorporar elementos físicos y expresivos dispares, la necesidad de documentar la acción y la importancia del tratamiento del elemento temporal y su relación con el tiempo de representación.
[CAT] La performance és una pràctica artística que forma part d'un grup de tècniques que no pretenen crear un objecte, o la seua representació, com a culminació de l'acte creador. Englobades en un conjunt conegut com a art d'acció, per a aquest el vertader acte artístic es troba en l'acció intencional de l'artista durant el procés de creació. En la seua forma més pura, la performance hauria de prescindir de tot objecte per a donar a entendre la seua proposta; no obstant això, l'artista precisa de determinats objectes en els què recolzar el seu discurs. Considerem que entre aquests ocupen un lloc especial els elements audiovisuals a causa de la particular relació que han establit amb la performance. Objectius: L'estudi que proposem busca identificar les relacions de la performance amb el mitjà audiovisual, ja que considerem que condensen i expliquen l'evolució de l'Art en els últims cent anys. Com a objectius particulars proposem: - Una anàlisi comparativa que permeta diferenciar els distints tipus de performance. - Descobrir l'evolució de la performance a tenor del desenvolupament del mitjà audiovisual. - Establir paràmetres i elements d'anàlisi sobre les performances que utilitzen els mitjans audiovisuals. - Realitzar un estudi de les línies de treball que s'han establit en la performance des dels seus inicis (documentació, càmera fixa com a espectador, imatge alterada i la seua postproducció...) utilitzant com a línia argumental la relació entre l'intèrpret i la imatge audiovisual. - Analitzar els límits interns entre les diferents maneres de l'art d'acció i els que aquest manté amb altres disciplines artístiques. Metodologia: Per a aconseguir aquests objectius proposem l'anàlisi d'una sèrie d'accions artístiques amb valor performatiu relacionades amb el mitjà audiovisual en un o un altre dels següents graus: 1. - Documentació: el primer ús que es va fer dels elements audiovisuals va ser el de la documentació, primer mitjançant la càmera fotogràfica i després amb càmeres de cinema i vídeo, que van permetre registrar la dimensió temporal de l'acció. 2. - Interacció: l'acció artística va aconseguir desenvolupar el seu missatge mitjançant l'ús d'elements tecnològics (so, música, autòmats, projeccions de diapositives o filmacions, monitors de TV, etc.) 3. - Creació: la flexibilitat que atorga el mitjà videogràfic i la senzillesa de les seues tècniques, van possibilitar que les tècniques narratives ja avançades pel cinema foren assimilades en una nova pràctica artística, la vídeoperformance. La investigació s'ha estructurada en aquests punts, analitzant distintes obres atenent a la presència d'alguna característica que permeta enquadrar-la en un o un altre. Resultats: D'aquesta anàlisi s'han extret conclusions generals com són els límits variables de la pràctica de la performance, el seu caràcter híbrid en incorporar elements físics i expressius dispars, la necessitat de documentar l'acció i la importància del tractament de l'element temporal i la seua relació amb el temps de representació.
Cumplido Muñoz, JR. (2016). El vídeo como espejo de la performance: un análisis a través de los medios audiovisuales [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/62686
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Gonçalves, José António Saraiva Ferraz. "Desenvolvimento de um Sistema Integrado para Avaliação Inicial dos Doentes Oncológicos Admitidos em Cuidados Paliativos." Tese, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/62286.
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Marinho, Carine Alves. "Parâmetros operatórios e êxito de cirurgia laparoscópia (drilling ovariano) no tratamento da infertilidade por síndrome do ovário poliquistico." Dissertação, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/62186.
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Ворошилова, А. И. "Мотивация родительского труда как социокультурный феномен : диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата социологических наук : 22.00.06." Thesis, б. и, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/62586.
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VERSTRAETEN, Lorenzo. "Essays in microeconomics." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/62486.
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Defence date: 6 May 2019Examining Board: Andrea Mattozzi, European University Institute (Supervisor); David Levine, European University Institute; Alfredo Di Tillio, Università Bocconi; Dino Gerardi, Collegio Carlo Alberto, Università degli Studi di Torino
This dissertation consists of three self-contained essays in microeconomics. The first chapter studies a principal-agent model where a biased agent can costly collect information useful for the principal. I study what is the optimal contract the principal should commit to, when she cannot do contingent transfers to the agent. When the agent's value of information is higher than its cost, the optimal mechanism is a threshold delegation rule. The principal allows the agent to choose among all the available actions up to some threshold. This threshold is increasing in the parameter measuring the cost of information. Otherwise, the principal will commit to extreme biased behavior to induce information acquisition. The utility of the principal is non-monotonic in the cost of information. While inducing information acquisition becomes more difficult with higher cost, certain deviations in the acquisition stage become more expensive and thus less profitable for the agent. The second chapter is coauthored with Julie Pinole. Knowing that Individuals interact with their peers, we study how a social planner can intervene, changing these interactions, in order to achieve a particular objective. When the objective is welfare maximization, we describe the interventions for games of strategic complements and strategic substitutes. We show that, for strategic complements, the planner uses resources to target central players; while she divides individuals into separated communities in the case of strategic substitutes. We study which connections she targets in order to achieve these goals. The third chapter is coauthored with Julie Pinole and analyzes a model of contagion on social network. We ask how a social planner should intervene to prevent contagion. We characterize the optimal intervention and the cost associated. We discuss the intuition behind the choice of the planner and we provide comparative static on the cost of intervention for different type of network.
Chapter 1: Optimal Contracts with No Transfers and Costly Information Acquisition 1 Introduction 1 2 Literature Review 3 The Model 4 The Problem of the Principal 5 Welfare Analysis 6 Conclusions Chapter 2: Optimal intervention for network games 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 The Model 4 Closest network structure to implement a chosen vector of actions 5 Closest network structure that maximizes welfare 6 Comparison with GGG 7 Network structure analysis 8 Other Interventions 9 Appendix Chapter 3: Stopping contagion: optimal network intervention 4 Optimal immunization 5 Applications 6 Conclusion
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Ratti, Costanza. "Evoluzione dei rituali e delle credenze dall’età nomade all’epoca persiana." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/62486.
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Moustafa, Azab Mohamed Ahmed. "Estudio y realización del control directo del par (DTC) para accionamientos de motores de inducción con inversores de diferentes topologias." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6286.
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El objetivo principal de la tesis es la aplicación del método de control directo del par para un motor de inducción utilizando inversores de diferentes estructuras que parecen ofrecer algunas ventajas, bajo ciertas condiciones, y que aún no han sido utilizados para el desarrollo de esta técnica de control.La idea y el tema de la tesis surgieron de la gran importancia del método control directo del par (DTC), que últimamente se planteó como estrategia alternativa del control vectorial debido a ciertas ventajas frente a este último. Por este motivo, y animados por el éxito logrado por el DTC, se quiere contribuir a un aumento del mismo utilizando varias topologías de inversores que amplíen o extiendan el área de aplicación de los accionamientos basados en el mismo en un rango que vaya desde bajas potencias hasta las potencias medianas.
Aunque los objetivos principales de aplicar el DTC son obtener un accionamiento de comportamiento dinámico alto y buen funcionamiento durante el régimen estático, no obstante los requisitos de funcionamiento en el rango de las bajas potencias no son los mismos que aquellos de potencias medianas. En el rango de las bajas potencias, el coste total del conjunto del accionamiento (inversor - motor - circuitos de control) es un factor muy importante. Especialmente con las normas europeas que obligan a los fabricantes de inversores a mejorar la utilización de la red por ejemplo, limitando la tasa de distorsión armónica, y mejorando el factor de potencia, con lo cual se sustituyen el rectificador pasivo (diodos) por un rectificador activo (transistores), lo que aumenta el coste del accionamiento. Evidentemente, cualquier ahorro en el coste del inversor y los sensores permitirá la aplicación del DTC en gran escala. Por tanto, se ha elegido un inversor de cuatro interruptores (B4) que permite disminuir el coste del inversor y su circuito de control. Reduciendo también el número de sensores utilizados en el sistema. Esta técnica es nueva para este tipo de inversor, ya que el DTC nunca se había realizado basado en este esquema de inversor. Los estudios realizados en esta tesis mediante la simulación y sus validaciones experimentales han probado el buen comportamiento dinámico y estático del accionamiento.
De otro parte, en el rango de potencia mediana (10 kW-100 kW) la aplicación del DTC esta limitada por la frecuencia de conmutación. La exigencia de una frecuencia de conmutación elevada hace aumentar las pérdidas de conmutación a través los interruptores del inversor. Los problemas generados por la conmutación rígida impiden subir la frecuencia de conmutación por encima de unos pocos cientos de hertz. Por ello, si el algoritmo del DTC se aplica teniendo en cuenta la limitación de la frecuencia de conmutación a estos pequeños valores, su comportamiento será bastante malo generando una distorsión en las formas de las ondas del par y del flujo, lo que a su vez se refleja en la velocidad y en las corrientes del motor. Para evitar estos problemas sería más conveniente utilizar un inversor resonante, pero también éste tiene algunos inconvenientes.
En la tesis, se propone utilizar un inversor de tipo cuasi-resonante que tiene las ventajas de inversor resonante y las ventajas del inversor de conmutación dura. En tal caso, se conmutan los interruptores bajo la condición de cero tensión (ZVS) bajando al mínimo las pérdidas de conmutación lo que finalmente permite aumentar la frecuencia de conmutación hasta valores elevados del orden de 10 kHz. Además, la utilización de este tipo de inversor ofrece algunas ventajas como:
- Limitar la dv/dt de la tensión que alimenta el motor, por tanto las corrientes de fugas parásitas se disminuyen, reduciendo la degradación o el envejecimiento de los aislantes de los devanados y de los cojinetes de la máquina, prolongando su vida útil.
- Bajar el nivel de las interferencias electromagnéticas.
- Reducir el tamaño de los radiadores de calor necesarios.
Se ha diseñado y construido un inversor cuasi-resonante con los correspondientes circuitos de control para aplicar el DTC a los accionamientos de baja potencia. Además, se han desarrollado dos circuitos de resonancia. Los resultados obtenidos por simulación y los ensayos experimentales han probado el buen comportamiento de estos circuitos.
En cuanto a la escritura de la tesis, esta estructurada en los ocho capítulos siguientes:
Capítulo 1:
Presenta el estado del arte relacionado al tema de la tesis.
Capítulo 2:
Estudio introductorio en el que se presenta el control directo del par mostrando sus respectivas, ventajas e inconvenientes.
Capítulo 3:
Se hace un repaso de las estrategias de control utilizadas en el caso de un inversor de cuatro interruptores, empezando con las estrategias básicas hasta llegar a la estrategia del DTC propuesta en esta tesis. Además, se muestran los resultados de las simulaciones con las diferentes estrategias de control.
Capítulo 4:
Se explica el funcionamiento del inversor cuasi-resonante, mediante un ejemplo de circuito de resonancia. Además se plantea otro circuito que se ha modificado para mejorar la respuesta y el funcionamiento del inversor. También, se presenta el sistema del DTC basado en este tipo de inversor.
Capítulo 5:
Se estudia el efecto del cambio de la resistencia del estator sobre el comportamiento del DTC. Además, se presentan algunos métodos para estimar el valor actual de la resistencia del estator durante el arranque y también durante el funcionamiento en régimen permanente.
Capítulo 6:
Se muestran los resultados experimentales obtenidos del desarrollo de los sistemas propuestos bajo varias condiciones de funcionamiento.
Capítulo 7:
Se presentan y discuten las conclusiones, y se proponen trabajos a realizar en el futuro.
Capítulo 8:
Incluye la bibliografía.
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栁坪, めぐみ, and Megumi Yanagitsubo. "資本自由化と金融危機 東アジアにおける自由化パターンとその影響." Graduate School of International Development. Nagoya University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/6286.
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Cosa, Gonzalo. "Study on the mechanism of photodegradation of pharmaceutical products and analogues, development of a novel fluorescence technique for DNA-damage detection." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6286.
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This thesis focuses on different aspects of photobiology. The first chapters address the photophysical and photochemical characterization of two pharmaceutical products, fenofibric acid and ketoprofen, both containing the benzophenone chromophore. These studies have been performed with the aim of better understanding the photostability of these drugs. These compounds are shown to undergo efficient photodecarboxylation in basic solutions, with concomitant formation of carbanions. Time-resolved studies lead us to propose a singlet mediated reaction in the case of ketoprofen, whereas the photoreactivity of fenofibric acid results from the triplet state of this compound; further, dramatic solvent dependence is encountered in the photochemical reactions of the latter drug and its photoproducts. In the case of ketoprofen photodegradation, the photogenerated benzylic carbanion can be monitored, and lifetime measurements at different temperatures and in different solvents have been performed to determine its dynamic parameters. The decay of this carbanion, resulting from protonation by water, is found to occur within a few hundred nanoseconds; and the protonation rate is shown to be dependent on the solvent and the degree of substitution of the carbanion center. The case of alpha-diketones as potential photosensitizers is also addressed with the example study of a di-thienyl alpha-diketone; i.e., 2,2 '-thenil. Direct spectroscopic evidence is given for the formation of a molecular oxygen-triplet adduct (Bartlett-Schenck intermediate), a previously described, though never isolated, reactive oxygen species about which little is known. The formation and yield of this intermediate are discussed in terms of the energy of its triplet precursors. The subsequent chapters in this thesis deal with two other biologically relevant problems where photochemistry and photophysics are employed as a tool in order to better understand the systems under study. Thus the properties of the adrenaline derived radical are evaluated, as a case study for the catecholamine group in general. Absolute rate constants for tert-butoxyl radical scavenging and triplet benzophenone quenching are reported, and a reactivity comparison is established with other intermediates involved in the reaction of melanin formation via catecholamines. A second aspect involves the development of a novel technique to assess DNA-damage, based on fluorescence of dye-DNA complexes. The rigidity imposed by the DNA base pairs on intercalating chromophores is exploited. Its retardation effect on the relaxation of a photoexcited DNA-stain probe is employed to determine the amounts of DNA existing as double and single stranded form; which is ultimately an expression of the damage the DNA has suffered.
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Anderson, Catherine. "Weapons, warriors and warfare of Northern Britain, c.1250 BC-850 AD." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6286.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis focuses upon the material culture associated with warfare, conflict and inter-personal violence in northern Britain during the Late Bronze Age, Iron Age and Early Historic Period. Its aims are to understand the evolving role of warfare in society, who were the individuals engaging in conflict, what weapons were being used, and how were they being used. Although previous studies have touched on some of these topics, the material of northern Britain is frequently overlooked in favour of southern British data, and none consider the development of the topic over several time periods. Contextual data was collected on all the extant swords, spears and shields within the parameters, while a significant proportion were fully examined to enable more complex analysis. Evident opportunities and weaknesses within the resulting database were addressed and exploited, applying experimental archaeology to the bronze spearheads to investigate use patterns, and typological theory to the iron spearheads to enable meaningful inclusion. A range of additional sources of information, including iconographic, textual and osteological, were synthesised to facilitate a discussion of the life-cycles of the extant weapons themselves, and to address occasions when a gap appears in the archaeological record – as occurs during the Early Historic Period, where weaponry is almost absent, but other forms of evidence regularly reference conflict. Two particular conclusions of this thesis challenge traditional perceptions of both weapons and warriors; spears are found to be complex, both in use and social symbolism, rather than simplistic and low-status, and their integration into general discussions of weapons and warfare is a matter of urgency if the topic is to progress. The typological groupings of iron spearheads presented here is intended as a first step towards greater inclusion. The identity of combatants is also shown to be occasionally at odds with the traditional perception of the warrior, wherein reality and idealised social constructions diverge. This is not necessarily problematic, with the projection of warrior identities shown to be a deliberate vi choice, rather than a reflection of reality, the constraints and motivations behind such choices a fascinating topic for further work. Finally, the development of armed social conflict in northern Britain over two millenia, and the changing relationships and dominance between religion, display, consumption, social hierarchy and warfare, are presented through the manufacture, use, deposition and associations of the weapons in the database.
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Park, Dawoon. "Economic Wood Availability and Profitability of Small-Scale Forests in Wanganui District." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Forestry, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6286.
Full textAbstract:
New Zealand wood availability forecasts indicate that increases in the future wood availability
significantly relies on small-scale forest owners' resources. This "small-scale" resource is poorly
understood and comprises a large number of owners. It is questionable how many of these forests are
established with consideration of the cost and practicality of harvesting. An improved understanding
of the likelihood of this resource ever being harvested is important for understanding future wood
supply.
The main objective of this study is to answer a fundamental question on how much small scale forest
area is economic to harvest. The study aims to estimate the basic stumpage value of the forests at
modelled costs and different log price levels, and to analyse the profitability of the small scale forests
by looking at the historic rate of return, as well as the net present value (NPV) and internal rate of
return on existing and future forest land. The emission trading scheme (ETS) was also taken into
account during the analyses and the effects of the ETS on the profitability, optimum age and future
wood availability were investigated.
The methodology developed for this study uses a forest growth model (Radiata Pine Calculator),
Geographic Information Systems, the Visser harvest cost model, and Microsoft Excel. The growth
model enables the analysis to be customised to a specific region of interest, while spatial
characteristics such as slope and transportation distance of individual forests were taken into account
by using GIS. The cost model allows the analysis to be customised to individual forests to some
extent although a number of assumptions are made generalising the forests as whole. Developing the
overall framework within Excel allows easy analysis of the results and changes to the underlying
assumptions.
Harvesting and transportation costs are the main drivers in determining the profitability of small scale
forests. A significant increase in log prices is required for the existing forests to obtain substantial
profit from log production. At current log prices 90% of small-scale forests in the Wanganui District
are economically available. The other 10% small blocks on steep sites, have negative stumpage
revenues because of high harvesting costs.
Additional cashflows from entering the ETS have the potential to generate significant revenue for
post-89 forests. However the substantial increases in optimal rotation age are likely to delay the
increase in harvest volumes forecast from the small-scale estate.
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Cloutier, Christian. "Mécanismes physiologiques de la neuromodulation épidurale par la stimulation des cordons postérieures (SCP) : spinal, supraspinal ou les deux?" Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6286.
Full textAbstract:
En dépit de 4 décennies d'utilisation et de bons résultats cliniques pour le traitement de douleurs neuropathiques réfractaires, l'implantation de neurostimulateurs pour la stimulation des cordons postérieurs (SCP) demeure marginale en raison de son caractère thérapeutique invasif et d'une compréhension partielle du mécanisme d'action analgésique. L'inclusion de sujets, ayant des critères bien définis de douleurs neuropathiques, et l'enregistrement comparatif de données neurophysiologiques (EVA, le réflexe RIII et les potentiels évoqués somesthésiques (PES)), avec le neurostimulateur hors fonction (SCP "off") puis en fonction (SCP "on"), nous permettra d'étudier et de différencier les mécanismes spinaux et supraspinaux. L'utilisation de la douleur expérimentale, produite par la stimulation du nerf sural du membre inférieur affecté, s'avère un excellent model expérimental pour démontrer les phénomènes neurophysiologiques induites par la SCP : l'efficacité sur la douleur expérimentale, la sommation temporelle, l'intensité du réflexe RIII et les variations de l'enregistrement des différentes ondes des PES. Les résultats obtenus sur 8 patients, opérés par l'auteur et présentant un soulagement clinique significatif, ne démontrent aucune différence significative sur les résultats obtenus en mode SCP "on" versus SCP "off" mais démontrent par l'interprétation de corrélations non-paramétriques sur l'efficacité clinique, que la SCP a un rôle spinal et supraspinal. L'effet spinal de la SCP est démontré par une diminution de la sommation temporelle de la douleur expérimentale, évaluée subjectivement par l'EVA et par une corrélation de l'amplitude du réflexe RIII avec l'efficacité clinique. Également, on suspecte que la SCP a un rôle supraspinal indépendant du rôle spinal, par la corrélation entre l'efficacité clinique et l'abaissement de N34 (P45) au niveau des PES. Cette onde à courte latence est le reflet d'une activation (para) thalamique, nous suggérant un rôle analgésique de la SCP que l'on pourrait définir comme un portillon thalamique ("thalamic gate control").
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Rushworth, Garry. "Late Quaternary vegetation history of Craven, Yorkshire Dales." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6286.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates new late Quaternary vegetation records from four sites in the Craven District of the Yorkshire Dales. The chosen sites fall along an east-west transect broadly following the line of the south Craven Fault. The rationale for site selection was not based on conventional palynological considerations of potential for rich core samples, rather to provide a range of different locations within a distinct micro-region each existing in some specific proximity to known archaeological features. The logic was to attempt to get beyond broad 'natural' climatological and vegetational inferences to understand the nature and level of potential anthropogenically produced change at a local scale as a sub-set of natural change in a broader regional zone over time. The sites reveal varied vegetation histories from the Late Glacial period to the present day and all show signs of being influenced by changes in their arboreal structure at some time, although no two sites have exactly the same vegetation communities until around 5000 BP when the tree canopy is opened to allow an open grassland to dominate. The results indicate the possibility that Betula values, in particular, might indicate cooling events found in the Greenland ice cores for Greenland Interstadial 1 as well as the Pre-boreal Oscillation and the Holocene 9.3 ka BP Event. Closer chronological control of such values could help to determine whether vegetational dynamics were synchronous with fluctuations in temperature and the speed with which trees respond to severe temperature fluctuations. Various hiatuses identified during analysis of the cores may be caused by human influence on the wetlands, given that archaeological evidence from caves shows human occupation of the Craven area from the late Upper Palaeolithic onwards.
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Dias, Catarina Rocha Melo. "Estudo eletromiográfico dos músculos escapulares em diferentes variações da box position e da prancha." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/6286.
Full textAbstract:
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em FisioterapiaResumo: Objetivo: Analisar a atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos serrátil anterior, trapézio superior e inferior ao longo do exercício de box position e prancha com diferentes variações e superfícies. Metodologia: Foi realizada a análise da atividade electromiográfica dos músculos acima referidos em quinze participantes (média de idades 22.00±2.00 anos; IMC 23.41±3.83 kg/m2) nas diferentes variações dos exercícios box position e prancha, sendo os elétrodos colocados no membro superior dominante dos participantes. Resultados: Foram encontradas diferenças significativas quando analisada a atividade electromiográfica nos diversos músculos em cada variação mas também em cada músculo entre as variações. O músculo serrátil anterior foi o que evidenciou uma maior atividade muscular, com cerca de 38,41% de contração máxima voluntária, sendo que os valores mais altos foram observados em superfícies estáveis. O músculo que evidenciou menos atividade muscular foi o trapézio superior. Conclusão: A atividade electromiográfica dos músculos em questão variam consoante o tipo de variação dos exercícios efetuados. No entanto o músculo serrátil anterior apresentou os maiores níveis de atividade eletromiográfica em todas as variações dos exercícios propostos.
Objective: The aim of the present study is to analyze the electromyographic activity of the anterior serratus muscle, upper and lower trapezius throughout the box position and plank exercise, with different variations and surfaces. Methodology: The electromyographic activity of announced muscles was realized in fifteen participants (mean age 22.00±2.00 years; BMI 23.41±3.83 kg/m2) in different variations of box position and plank, being placed electrodes according to the preference of the participants. Results: Significant differences were found when the electromyographic activity were analyzed in the various muscles in each variation but also in every muscle between the variations. The anterior serratus muscle was what showed greater muscular activity, with value of 38.41% of maximum voluntary contraction, with the higher values verified on stable surfaces. The muscle that showed less muscular activity was the upper trapezius muscle. Conclusion: The present electromyographic muscular activity changes depending on the type of variation of performed exercises. However, the anterior serratus muscle presented higher levels of electromyographic activity in each exercise variation proposed.
N/A
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Correia, André Ramos Jorge. "Dados, informação, conhecimento, o business intelligence e as suas motivações." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/6286.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em
Engenharia InformáticaO objectivo deste relatório é dar a conhecer, um possível percurso de carreira para um aluno que na entrada no mundo profissional, se interessou por sistemas de suporte à decisão. Descrevi a minha experiência profissional desde a entrada no curso de Engenharia Informática e as opções que fui tomando durante e depois do curso, que demonstram o interesse e tendência para esta área dentro das TI. Assim, o facto de após terminar o curso, ter trabalhado em diversas áreas nas três empresas que integrei, desde o desenvolvimento aplicacional em ERP e CRM, na definição de requisitos de arquitecturas de HW e SW, na qualidade e integração de dados em múltiplos sistemas e em modelos analíticos, sempre em metodologias e ambientes diversos. Esta multiplicidade de cenários faz-me pensar que me encontro actualmente na área certa, o Business Intelligence. O curso na FCT-UNL transmitiu-me entre outras, uma capacidade de adaptação ao nível das mais diversas tecnologias e metodologias, assim como uma grande tolerância à frustração, devido aos inúmeros obstáculos que foram sendo colocados durante o curso. Tudo isto tem permitido ao longo da minha carreira ultrapassar as sempre difíceis tarefas a nível técnico, funcional e de gestão que me foram surgindo. Dados, Informação, Conhecimento e Inteligência é um fluxo natural e uma motivação para criar soluções de Business Intelligence. O fluxo descrito deve ser seguido em qualquer SI/TIC. Não é profícuo para nenhuma organização ter dados provenientes de inúmeras aplicações, se estes não gerarem informação que se traduza em conhecimento. O fluxo deve ser cumprido, para que o produto final de um projecto de Business Intelligence seja um acréscimo de conhecimento e valor para a organização ao qual pertence. Espero transmitir claramente como funciona o mundo dos projectos de Business Intelligence, as suas componentes, dificuldades e particularidades.
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Sena, Miguel Maurice Nunes Harrington. "You hate what you drink, you love what you don´t." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6286.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em MarketingAlthough a considerable amount of research into beer consumer behavior has been conducted in several countries, no publicly available such study performed in Portugal has been found. The aim of this research is to understand young consumers' perceptions regarding six brands available in Portuguese retailers and to compare the results with other studies. In this research the author developed a conceptual framework and defined hypotheses, permitting an answer to the purpose of this investigation. Different techniques for collecting data such as surveys and experimentations were used and analysed statistically. The findings suggest that the presence of the brand and packaging are determinant in the formation of consumers' sensorial expectations and play a central role in consumers' evaluation, even if those attributes are not recognized as more important in consumers'perspectives. The majority of participants were unable to Recognize their favourite brand in the blind-test evaluation, and the two brands that were rated in last positions in the survey climbed to the top when they were not identifiable, even if in consumers'perspectives the taste is the most important attribute when choosing a beer. The main beneficiaries of the research should be breweries and, more precisely, marketing and brand managers because it provides important insights into the attributes young consumers value most and suggests strategies for marketing and advertising campaigns. The research can also provide an academic contribution because it specifies the processes to conduct blind test experimentations and suggests further studies based on the investigation results. It also, once again, makes obvious the importance of brand awareness.
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Quincho, Rosales Dilmer Armando. "Efecto del plasma rico en plaquetas en la regeneración ósea postexodoncia del tercer molar impactado." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/6286.
Full textAbstract:
Determina el efecto en la regeneración ósea postexodoncia del tercer molar impactado. El estudio se realiza con 20 pacientes con necesidad de exodoncia del tercer molar inferior bilateral. Las exodoncias se efectúan en un mismo tiempo quirúrgico y en uno de ellos, escogido aleatoriamente, se aplica el gel de PRP y el otro tomado como grupo control. La evaluación posoperatoria se lleva acabo hasta pasado los tres meses y medio, los parámetros evaluados son: dolor posoperatorio y curación de herida (efecto clínico), efecto radiográfico y efecto tomográfico.Tesis
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Ndlovu, Precious Nonhlanhla. "Competition law and cartel enforcement regimes in the global south: examining the effectiveness of co-operation in south-south regional trade agreements." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6286.
Full textAbstract:
Doctor Legum - LLDCompetition law and its enforcement have become necessary tools in the face of trade liberalisation. Nowhere is this more evident than in the area of cross-border cartels. The global South is steadily becoming aware of this. With the advent of globalisation and trade liberalisation, individual economies have become intrinsically linked. Anti-competitive conduct in one territory may have an impact in another territory. Therefore, an effective regional competition law framework complements trade liberalisation, especially in light of the principal objective of the South-South regional economic communities: the deepening of regional integration, in order to realise economic development and alleviate poverty. Cartel practices, such as, market allocation cartels, are in direct contradiction to this primary objective. This is when enforcement collaborations in South-South regional economic communities becomes crucial. The regional legal instruments of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, the East African Community, the Southern African Customs Union and the Southern African Development Community make provision for enforcement collaborations among Member States. To facilitate collaboration, regional competition authorities have been created to investigate, among other things, cross-border cartels. Within these economic communities, there is a strong case for enforcement collaborations, as evidence shows that the majority of the firms engaging in cartels are the so-called Regional Multinational Corporations. They operate throughout the territories of Member States. Additionally, the international nature of cartels, such as, private international cartels and export cartels, provide an opportunity for South-South co-operation to be utilised. However, this co-operation has not been utilised to the fullest extent, especially with reference to cross-border cartel activities. This has been attributed to various factors, such as, institutional incapacities, resource austerity, the absence of common procedural rules, the lack of adequate investigatory tools, and political ineptitude. As a solution, this current study makes specific recommendations that are directed at enhancing the effectiveness of South-South collaborations pertaining to cross-border cartel activities.
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Nascente, Patrícia da Silva. "Estudo da população de Malassezia pachydermatis em otite externa canina e avaliação da sensibilidade in vitro e in vivo frente a antifúngicos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/6286.
Full textAbstract:
Otite externa é uma enfermidade comumente observada em cães encaminhados a clínica veterinária e a etiologia desta doença varia em função de diversas combinações entre os fatores predisponentes, primários e perpetuantes responsáveis pela enfermidade. Este trabalho teve como objetivo pesquisar a presença da Malassezia pachydermatis em otite externa canina e avaliar a suscetibilidade in vivo e in vitro da levedura frente ao cetoconazol e tiabendazol. Para isto foi pesquisada a presença da levedura M. pachydermatis em otite externa de 168 cães encaminhados aos Hospitais de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul e da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, assim como em clínicas e canis particulares. Após identificação morfológica e bioquímica da levedura, foi realizada extração de DNA pelo método de fenol-clorofórmio de amostras selecionadas para análise pela técnica de RAPD- PCR, para verificação de heterogeneidade molecular. Foi realizada a reprodução experimental de malasseziose ótica em 14 cães inoculados com a levedura para posterior tratamento. Dois grupos de 30 cães com malasseziose ótica foram selecionados para tratamento com os produtos comerciais otológicos contendo tiabendazol e cetoconazol (Otodem plus® e Aurivet® respectivamente). Com os isolados de M. pachydermatis obtidos desses animais tratados foi realizado antifungigrama através da técnica de Microdoluição em Caldo (MC) para o tiabendazol e técnica do ETEST para o cetoconazol. Os resultados deste último foram comparados com a técnica de MC. A M. pachydermatis foi isolada em 139 (82,7%) casos de otite externa, sendo que molecularmente, a levedura apresentou diferenças, recebendo nove subdivisões a partir do primer utilizado. Os animais inoculados com a levedura desenvolveram a otite externa e o tratamento realizado com os produtos comerciais Aurivet® e Otodem plus® foi eficaz. Dos 60 animais tratados para malasseziose, 86,7% apresentaram cura clínica. A CIM do tiabendazol através da técnica de MC variou de 0,03 a >4mg/ml, com média de 3,67mg/ml. A CIM do cetoconazol, através do ETEST, variou de 0,004 a 0,75mg/ml, com média de 0,156mg/ml. A CIM do cetoconazol, através do método MC variou de 0,0009375 a 0,06mg/ml, com CIM média de 0,00815mg/ml. Através do cálculo de CIM50 e CIM90, observou-se frente ao tiabendazol, resistência em 13,7% dos isolados, sensibilidade intermediária em 47,1% e 39,2% isolados foram sensíveis. Quanto ao cetoconazol, através da técnica do ETEST, a resistência foi observada em 11,1% dos isolados, sensibilidade intermediária foi encontrada em 41,7% e 47,2% isolados foram sensíveis. Pela MC, foi observada resistência em 15,4% isolados, sensibilidade intermediária em 35,9% isolados e 48,7% foram sensíveis. As médias das CIMs observadas entre os 17 isolados testados simultaneamente frente ao cetoconazol com as duas metodologias, ETEST e MC, foi 0,103mg/ml e 0,0119mg/ml respectivamente. Nesta comparação podemos observar a concordância de resultados em apenas seis amostras (35,3%), quatro sensíveis e duas, sensibilidade intermediária. As combinações terapêuticas testadas nos animais foram eficazes no tratamento da malasseziose ótica canina, porém não houve relação entre resultado do teste in vitro e a resposta in vivo dos antifúngicos frente a levedura.
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Tshivhase, Mmboneni Gifty. "Kinetics of β-haematin formation in benzoic acid." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6286.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical references.Haemozoin is a cyclic dimer of ferriprotoporphyrin (IX) that occurs in malariaparasites and some other blood-eating organisms. It is chemically identical to β-haematin. In this work, the kinetics of β-haematin formation were investigated in 0.05 M benzoic acid acid solution using a newly developed pyridine-based assay.