Journal articles: '621.32; 621.38; 621.382.2/.3'

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BARRIO, G., L. De La FUENTE, C. TORO, T. M. BRUGAL, V. SORIANO, F. GONZALEZ, M. J. BRAVO, F. VALLEJO, and T. C. SILVA. "Prevalence of HIV infection among young adult injecting and non-injecting heroin users in Spain in the era of harm reduction programmes: gender differences and other related factors." Epidemiology and Infection 135, no. 4 (September 28, 2006): 592–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268806007266.

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SUMMARYThe aims were to assess the prevalence of HIV infection among young adult heroin users, including injecting heroin users (IHUs) and non-injecting heroin users (NIHUs), and to explore the differences by gender and other factors. The design was a cross-sectional cohort study between April 2001 and December 2003, which included 961 current heroin users (HU), aged 18–30 years: 422 in Madrid, 351 in Barcelona and 188 in Seville; 621 were IHUs and 340 were NIHUs. All were street-recruited by chain referral methods. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire with computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI). Samples for HIV testing (dried blood spot) were collected and tested with ELISA and Western Blot. Bivariate, logistic regression, and classification and regression tree analyses were performed. The overall prevalence of HIV infection among IHUs was 25·8% (95% CI 22·3–29·3) [32·4% (95% CI 26·6–38·1) in Madrid, 20·5% (95% CI 15·6–25·4) in Barcelona, and 20·6% (95% CI 9·8–31·4) in Seville], whereas in NIHUs it was 4·0% (95% CI 2·1–6·7), with no differences among cities. The prevalence was significantly higher in women than in men in NIHUs (10·9%, 95% CI 4·3–17·5 vs. 1·7%, 95% CI 0·5–4·2) and was non-significantly higher in IHUs (30·4%, 95% CI 23·0–37·8 vs. 24·1%, 95% CI 20·1–28·1). HIV prevalence in short-term IHUs was 12·9% (CI 8·8–17·02), with no differences among cities. In the logistic analysis, the variables associated with infection in IHUs were ever having injected with used syringes (OR 3·4, 95% CI 2·2–5·3), ever having been in prison (OR 2·6, 95% CI 1·6–4·0), and heroin as the first drug injected at least weekly (OR 2·3, 95% CI 1·1–4·5). Factors positively associated with HIV infection in NIHUs were female sex (OR 8·7, 95% CI 2·6–29·2) and age >25 years (OR 3·1, 95% CI 0·9–11·1), while primary educational level was inversely associated (OR 0·26, 95% CI 0·1–0·9). Although there are important geographic differences, HIV prevalence in IHUs remains high, even in short-term IHUs, whereas it was almost six times lower in NIHUs. The prevalence in women is higher than in men, particularly among NIHUs. A wide range of preventive strategies should be developed, aimed primarily at empowering women to negotiate safe sex.

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Colorio, Cecilia Claudia, Dolores P. Puente, Andrea Rossi, Maria Tabares, Gonzalo Pombo, and Ricardo Forastiero. "Oral Anticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation. Comparison Between Patients Younger and Older Than 75 Years." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 4060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.4060.4060.

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Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac rhythm disorder. The prevalence is nearly 10 % in patients (pts) older than 75 years (yrs). Some authors are reluctant to give oral anticoagulant therapy for older pts based on their higher incidence of bleeding Objective : to compare characteristics, incidence of thrombosis and bleeding in 2 groups of pts with AF, under OA for at least 3 months. Methods: we retrospectively analyzed 184 pts below 75 yrs (Group A) and 133 pts with 75 yrs and older (Group B), between Jan 2002 and Aug 2007. Results: the mean follow-up was 514 pts/year for the A group and 382 pts/year for group B. The features of each group are listed in the table below: Group A Group B p Age (mean- range) 64,9 (33/74) 79,8 (75/91) Gender (M/F) 116/68 (1,7/1) 55/78 (0,7/1) Rheumatic AF 89/184 61/114 Non valvular AF 80/184 53/114 Previous thrombosis 21/184 (11.4%) 29/133 (21.8%) 0,01 Diabetes mellitus 28/184 (15.2%) 10/133 (7.5%) 0,05 Arterial Hypertension 78/184 (42.3 %) 53/133 (39.8%) Hyperthyroidism 29/184 (15.7%) 18/133 (13.5%) Left Mega Atrium 43/174 (24.7%) 32/110 (29%) Coronary Artery Disease 38/184 (20.6%) 31/133 (23.3%) Cardiomegaly 53/170 (31.1%) 41/122 (33.6%) Ejection Fraction ≤30% 26/175 (14,8%) 20/112 (17.8%) Creatinin ≥ 2 mg/dl 8/184 (4.3%) 8/133 (6.1%) Thromboses 4/184 (2.1%) 3/133 (2.2%) Bleeding minor 59/184 (32%} 49/133 (36.8%) major 5/184 (2.7%) 2/133 (1.5%) fatal 0 2/2 (100%) Controls with INR 2-3 61 % 60,5 % Conclusion: There was no difference in the incidence of major and minor bleeding/thrombotic complications between the groups. Group B disclosed a higher number of thromboses previous to OA therapy, and fewer pts with diabetes. In our experience, OA seemed to be equally safe and effective when we compared both populations. There was no difference in the incidence of major and minor bleeding/thrombotic complications between the groups.

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Rummel, Mathias J., Andreas Viardot, Richard Greil, Bernd Hertenstein, Christian Lerchenmüller, Arnold Ganser, Manfred Reeb, et al. "Bendamustine Plus Rituximab Followed By Rituximab Maintenance for Patients with Untreated Advanced Follicular Lymphomas. Results from the StiL NHL 7-2008 Trial (MAINTAIN trial) (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00877214)." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 3052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3052.3052.

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Abstract Background: The StiL Study NHL 7-2008 investigates the role of maintenance duration with rituximab after induction with bendamustine-rituximab (B-R) for first-line treatment of advanced follicular (FL), other indolent lymphoma, or mantle cell lymphoma. Methods: Patients (pts) with FL were treated with a maximum of 6 cycles of B-R (bendamustine 90 mg/m2 [days 1+2], rituximab 375 mg/m2) administered every 28 days plus 2 additional cycles of rituximab every 4 weeks. All responding pts (complete response [CR] or partial response [PR]) were then eligible for rituximab maintenance treatment and a subsequent randomization: all responding pts with FL received 2 years rituximab maintenance (375 mg/m2) administered every two months. Pts with an ongoing response were then randomized 1:1 to observation (no further treatment) or to 2 more years of rituximab maintenance (i.e. B-R plus 2 years vs 4 years rituximab maintenance). Here we report on the response to B-R and tolerability and safety of B-R followed by 2 years of rituximab maintenance in pts with FL only. Patient Characteristics: To date, 612 pts (319 women and 293 men) with FL have been registered (first patient in April 2009, last patient registered July 2012). Median age was 61 years (range, 24-81); 352 (58%) pts had stage IV; median number of nodal areas was 5; bone marrow involvement was found in 322 (52%) pts; and 175 pts (28%) presented with splenomegaly. The median LDH was 210 U/l, with 197 pts (32%) having an LDH > 240 U/l. Median FLIPI was 3 and the median CD4 count was 491 per mm3at induction. Results: To date, 546 pts of 612 are evaluable for response and safety. The overall response rate (ORR) was 93.6% with 511 pts achieving a remission after B-R induction therapy. The CR rate was 39.6%; nine pts (1.6%) had stable disease; and 27 (4.9%) did not respond to B-R and had progressive disease. Of these 511 pts achieving remission, 291 (56.9%) received the full planned 2 years rituximab maintenance treatment, and 281 pts were then randomized to observation only (n=140) or 2 additional years of rituximab maintenance (n=141). Seventy nine pts are still undergoing treatment with the planned 2-year standard rituximab maintenance and are not yet randomized. Reasons for not receiving the full 2-year course of rituximab maintenance (n=141) included: death (n=6); relapse or progressive disease (n=50); transformation into aggressive lymphoma (n=4); infection during rituximab maintenance (n=4); infection during B-R induction (n=1); toxicity (e.g. neutropenia) (n=19); secondary malignancies during induction or during rituximab maintenance (n=3 and n=6, respectively); reactivated hepatits B (n=1); rituximab intolerance (n=3); removal of the patient from the trial by the investigator for any reason (n=16); withdrawal of patient consent during induction with B-R (n=2) and during the 2-year rituximab maintenance (n=14); non-compliance (n=2); lost to follow up (n=6); severe comorbidity (dementia) (n=1); and other reasons (n=3). No unexpected toxicity and no progressive multifocal encephalopathy were observed. To date, 35/612 pts developed 38 secondary malignancies. Conclusions: Results of this study confirm the efficacy of B-R in pts with previously untreated advanced FL. These results are in line with those of other studies such as StiL NHL 1-2003(1) or the “BRIGHT”-Study(2). Rituximab standard maintenance over 2 years for FL appears safe, with no new or unexpected toxicities. 1. Rummel et al. Lancet 2013;381:1203-10. 2. Flinn et al. Blood 2014;123:2944-52. Disclosures Off Label Use: Indication and dosage of bendamustine.

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Margossian, Astrid, Madison Pollastro, Annie Richardson, Payel Chatterjee, Mia Lints, Danielle Peretti, Rachele Rosati, et al. "A cancer organogram test as a guide for oncology treatments in SOLID tumors: An analysis of 628 tests in 419 patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): 2602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.2602.

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2602 Background: A CLIA-certified organoid based drug sensitivity assay (a cancer organogram) has been developed for all solid tumors. An actionable report of organogram sensitivities to endocrine, chemotherapy and targeted agents, produced a drug sensitivity score as a tool to inform therapy decision making. Objectives: To evaluate the success rate of organoid derivation, the organogram drug responses across cancer types and to analyze the impact of the organogram report on therapeutic decision making. Methods: From 2016 to 2020, 628 cancer organograms were performed, with 513 tumor samples from 419 cancer patients. Within 48 hours of collection, fresh samples of tumor cells obtained from core biopsies, surgical excisions, or fluids were cultured, the majority as 3D organoids. Drug screens were performed with a library of up to 220 drugs, and dose-response was evaluated across a range of concentrations for each drug. Organogram sensitivity was ranked as response in five categories based on SPM Score: Exceptional (SPM15/14), Good (13/12), Moderate to Low (11/9), and None( < 9). 118 drugs on average were tested per screen (range: 68-152), so in a total of 628 organograms, more than 70,000 individual drug trials have been performed. The median turnaround time was 28 days (range: 19.5-51.5). Results: Of the 513 collected samples, 314 were fresh specimens: 96 core biopsies, 151 surgical specimens, and 67 fluids (pleural effusions or ascites), with an organoid derivation success rate of 58.3%, 78%, and 88%, respectively. Overall success rate in organoid derivation was 70.2%. Samples with poor viability and low tumor cell count (22%) were rejected. The primary cancer types tested were ovarian (n = 92, 17.9%), breast (n = 73, 14.2%), colorectal (n = 70, 13.6%), pancreatic (n = 51, 9.9%), cholangiocarcinoma (n = 42, 8.1%), and other solid tumors (n = 185, 36%). Median age of patients was 56 years old (range: 5-83), most of them heavily pretreated. 20.45% of drugs screened had exceptional and good responses (SPM score 15-12) (SD: 17.92%). We reviewed genomic data from 374 third-party genomic reports. The most frequent genomic alterations found were TP53 (n = 143, 38.2%), BRCA1 and BRCA2 (n = 47, 12.5%) CDKN2A (n = 42, 11.2%), FGFR1/2/3/4 (n = 41, 10.9%), and PIK3CA (n = 38, 10.1%). Post-test treatment information is available for a subset of 61 patients. The treating physician made an organogram-guided therapeutic decision in 32/44 patients with post test treatment drugs scored (72%). Conclusions: The cancer organogram test has a high rate of success in generating an actionable report that identifies therapies for patients with limited therapeutic options, including those with no known genomic biomarkers. The organogram guided selection of therapeutics for a significant subset of patients, nearly 4 times the rate reported with genomic testing alone.

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Loibl, S., G. Von Minckwitz, D. Elling, W. Janni, M. Kaufmann, S. Vescia, H. Eggemann, N. Harbeck, V. Nekljudova, and S. Kuemmel. "Toxicity in elderly breast cancer patients treated by a taxane based chemotherapy as adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy for primary breast cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 18509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.18509.

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18509 Background: Elderly patients (pts) are more likely to develop haematological toxicity with anthracycline based regimen. There are no sufficient data available on toxicities especially in elderly pts who are treated by taxane containing regimen. Methods: Four prospective randomised trials in the treatment of primary breast cancer have been combined retrospectively to evaluate the toxicity in pts ≥ 60 treated by a taxane. Pts received either 1: docetaxel/adriamycin/cyclophosphamide (TAC 75/50/600 mg/m2), 2: adriamycin(epirubicin)/cyclophosphamide (A(E)/C: 60(90)/600 mgm2) followed by docetaxel (T: 100 mg/m2) or paclitaxel (P: 175mg/m2), or 3: dose-dense adriamycin/docetaxel (AT dd: 50/75 mg/m2) or 4: epirubicin-paclitaxel in sequence (E-P dd: 90–175 mg/m2). A descriptive analysis was performed in regards to pts and per cycles. In the sequential regimen cycles without taxanes were not considered evaluable. Results: 917 pts median age of 64 (range 60–80) years were included in this pooled analysis. 59 were older than 70 years. In total 3852 cycles of a taxane containing chemotherapy were administered. 378 pts (41.2%) received therapy 1, 332 (36.2%) therapy 2, 121 (13.2%) therapy 3, and 86 (9.4%) therapy 4. A total of 16 % of the pts did not complete treatment. Grade 3–4 neutropenia occurred in 46.2% and febrile neutropenia in 6.1% of the pts, severe anemia (0.8%) and thrombopenia (1.1%) was infrequent. Main non hematological toxicities were (% pts with grade I-IV): fatigue 86; loss of appetite 74; nausea and vomiting 68; mucositis 60; sensory neuropathy; conjunctivitis 45; skin 38; nail 39; fluid retention 36; dyspnea 32. Conclusion: Toxicity of taxanes in pts older than 60 years does not significantly differ from younger pts. Therefore, taxanes as adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment for primary breast cancer could also be considered in otherwise fit pts in the age group of 60–70. [Table: see text]

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Lok, Sheau Wen, Richard De Boer, Sallt Baron-Hay, Peter Button, Bianca Devitt, Benjamin Forster, Peter Fox, et al. "Abstract P2-13-38: Pertuzumab study for HER2-positive non-metastatic breast cancer in the neoadjuvant setting in Australia." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): P2–13–38—P2–13–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p2-13-38.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Adding pertuzumab to trastuzumab in patients (pts) with HER2+ breast cancer improves pathological complete response (pCR) rates. Pertuzumab + trastuzumab + chemotherapy is approved in Australia as neoadjuvant therapy in early stage (>2 cm or node positive), locally advanced and inflammatory HER2+ breast cancer. This study captured real-world data on the safety and effectiveness of pertuzumab in the neoadjuvant setting. METHODS PeRSIA (ML39622) is a secondary data use non-interventional study of pts initiating neoadjuvant pertuzumab treatment for non-metastatic HER2+ breast cancer. The primary objective is to assess the effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant pertuzumab when added to trastuzumab in the real-world setting. Deidentified data obtained from the pts’ medical notes were captured using REDCaP, hosted at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research. This analysis reports the co-primary endpoints of breast pCR (bpCR) with or without in situ disease (ypT0/is or ypT0), total pCR (tpCR) with or without in situ disease (ypT0/is ypN0 or ypT0 ypN0), and the incidence of adverse events (AEs) related to pertuzumab. Secondary objectives include describing rates of breast and nodal surgery, relapse free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Ninety five pts receiving neoadjuvant pertuzumab were enrolled between March 2018 and July 2019, with data available for all pts. HER2-targeted neoadjuvant treatment was completed in 91 pts (95.8%) with a median number of 4 cycles [range 1-6] of pertuzumab and 5 cycles [range 1-6] of trastuzumab. Four pts did not complete the planned neoadjuvant therapy due to early CR (n=1), and pertuzumab-related AEs (n=3). The most common neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens were sequential anthracyclines + taxanes (n=59, 62.1%) and single agent taxane (n=29, 30.5%). Surgery was performed in 92 pts (96.8%). Three pts did not proceed to surgery due to patient decision (n=1), physician decision (n=1), and development of a new non-breast cancer which resulted in death (n=1). Of those pts that underwent surgery, 65/92 (70.7%) had a bpCR and 59/92 (64.1%) had a tpCR. All pts who did not achieve a pCR obtained a partial response (33/92, 35.9%). Total pCR was seen in 27/34 (79.4%) pts with hormone receptor-negative and 32/58 (55.2%) pts with hormone receptor-positive cancers. 27/95 (28.4%) pts experienced an AE related to pertuzumab; diarrhea (21.1%) and rash (4.2%) were the most common AEs. Three pts (3.2%) discontinued pertuzumab due to an AE: cardiac toxicity, diarrhea and rash (n=1), cardiac toxicity (n=1), and diarrhea and sepsis (n=1). Following surgery, 93/95 (97.9%) patients received adjuvant HER2-directed therapy, and 4/95 (4.2%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. After a median follow-up from diagnosis of 21.2 [14.0-83.9] months, the RFS and OS were 92.6% and 99.0% respectively. Disease recurrence occurred in 6 pts (distant n=4, contralateral n=2). CONCLUSIONS This is the first multicenter, observational study of neoadjuvant therapy based on dual blockade with pertuzumab and trastuzumab for HER2+ non-metastatic breast cancer in Australia. The pCR rates achieved were numerically higher than previously reported in clinical trials. There were no significant safety findings outside of the expected safety profile for pertuzumab. Acknowledgments: Study sponsored by Roche Products, Pty. Limited. Theresa Wade (WriteSource Medical) provided medical writing. Table: Baseline Characteristics (n=95)CharacteristicNumber (%)Age, median (range)50.3 (24.4 -82.1)Charlson Comorbidity Index- 077 (81.1)- 19 (9.5)- 2 +9 (9.5)Tumour Size12 (12.6)- T156 (59.0)- T225 (26.3)- T3- Unreported2 (2.1)Tumour Grade- 10 (0)- 231 (32.6)- 362 (65.3)- Unreported2 (2.1)Nodal status- Positive63 (66.3)- Negative32 (33.7)Hormone Receptor Status- HR+60 (63.2)- HR-35 (36.8)Median baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (range)65.0% (35-79)Cardiac risk factors- 053 (55.8)- 122 (23.2)- 2+20 (21.1) Citation Format: Sheau Wen Lok, Richard De Boer, Sallt Baron-Hay, Peter Button, Bianca Devitt, Benjamin Forster, Peter Fox, Michael Harold, Sahisha Ketheeswaran, Ganessan Kichenadasse, Belinda E Kiely, Gavin Marx, Louise Nott, Laura Pellegrini, Ali Tafreshi, Peter GIbbs. Pertuzumab study for HER2-positive non-metastatic breast cancer in the neoadjuvant setting in Australia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-13-38.

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Sureda, A., J. Blade, J. J. Lahuerta, J. de la Rubia, R. Martinez, D. Carrera, J. Garcia-Laraña, et al. "Influence of Age on Survival after a Tandem Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Procedure in Patients with Multiple Myeloma: Results of the Prospective GEM-2000 Protocol." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.930.930.

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Abstract We have analysed the influence of age on survival after a tandem hematopoietic stem cell transplantation prospective protocol (GEM-2000) in patients diagnosed of multiple myeloma (MM). From 870 patients with symptomatic MM aged < 70 years and prospectively included in the GEM-2000 protocol, we have analysed the outcome of a group of 637 patients [351 males, median age of 59 (range, 32 – 70) years] and treated with at least one autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Sixteen patients (2.5%) were between 31 and 40 years of age (group A), 96 patients (15%) between 41 and 50 years (group B), 244 patients (38%) between 51 and 60 years (group C) and the remaining 281 patients (44.5%), between 61 and 70 years (group D). In 325 patients the M component at diagnosis was an IgG (51%). Fifty three patients (8%) had stage I at diagnosis, 232 patients (37%) stage II and 352 patients (55%), stage III. One hundred and one patients (16%) presented with renal insufficiency at diagnosis. Significantly lower levels of serum albumin at diagnosis were observed in the older group of patients (3.88 g/L vs 4.46 g/L, p = 0.05). Most of the patients (612, 96%) were initially treated with the alternating protocol VBCMP/VBAD. The response rate to the first line therapy was of 84% (n = 533), without differences between group D and the rest of the groups. The BUMEL protocol (busulfan 10 mg/kg po plus melphalan 140 mg/m2 iv) and MEL200 (melphalan 200 mg/m2 iv) were the two conditioning regimens used for the first intensive procedure. Although the proportion of older patients (group D) who received MEL200 was higher than in the younger groups of patients (groups A – C) (35% vs 44%), these differences did not reach a statistical significance. At three months after the first ASCT, 30% of the patients had reached a complete remission with negative immunofixation (CR IF-); this percentage was significantly superior in the younger group of patients (groups A – C) with respect to group D (32% vs 27%, p = 0.02). Transplant related mortality (TRM) was also significantly superior in group D (8% vs 3%, p = 0.01). At the time of follow-up, 124 patients (19%) have received a second transplantation; a second intensive procedure was more frequently performed in the younger group with respect to group D (25% vs 12%, p = 0.0001). This second transplant was an ASCT in 73% of the patients (65% in groups A – C vs 94% in group D, p = 0.04). With a median follow-up of 24 months, 508 patients are alive. Actuarial 2-year overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS) for the whole population of patients are 75%±2% and 57%±2%, respectively, with statistically significant differences between groups A - C and group D (77%±3% vs 72%±3%, p = 0.05 and 62%±3% vs 52%±4%, p = 0.02, respectively). The overall benefit of the intensification procedure seems to be less in the older group of MM patients (61 – 70 years) included in the GEM-2000 protocol. These results could be related to the achievement of a significant lower rate of CR IF- after the first ASCT and a higher TRM in this older population of patients.

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Sasaki, Koji, Ildefonso Ismael Rodriguez-Rivera, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Susan O'Brien, Elias Jabbour, Gautam Borthakur, Farhad Ravandi, Michael J. Burke, Patrick A. Zweidler-McKay, and Jorge E. Cortes. "Correlation of Lymphocyte Count with Treatment Response to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 4538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.4538.4538.

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Abstract Background: Total lymphocyte count (TLC) has been shown to correlate with outcomes in patients (pts) with acute leukemia. The clinical correlation to TLC in pts with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) who were treated with a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) is unclear. Methods: Lymphocyte data in pts with newly diagnosed CML-CP who were enrolled in consecutive or parallel clinical trials with front-line imatinib (IM), nilotinib (Nilo), or dasatinib (Dasa) were collected at the time of diagnosis, and 3 and 6 months (M) after the start of TKI. Relative lymphocytrosis (RLC) was defined as lymphocyte >150% at 3 or 6M compared with baseline at diagnosis. Absolute lymphocytosis (ALC) was defined as lymphocyte > 4,000 /µL at 3 or 6M after the start of TKI. Pts were assessed for response, overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), transformation-free survival (TFS), and failure-free survival (FFS) based on ALC and RLC. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate OS, EFS, TFS, and FFS. A log-rank test and Cox regression were used for univariate (UVA) and multivariate analysis (MVA), respectively. Results: A total of 483 pts were enrolled in this study: 271 in IM, 105 in Nilo, and 107 in Dasa. Patient characteristics and outcomes are summarized in Table 1. Median age at diagnosis was 48 years, and median follow-up was 85M and ongoing (5-154+). Time from diagnosis to start of TKI, Sokal risk score, and ALC at baseline between groups did not differ clinically. Of 481 pts, 93 (19%) developed RLC at 3 or 6M; IM, 38 (14%); Nilo, 23 (22%); Dasa, 32 (30%) (p= .001). ALC at 3 or 6M was observed in 15 (3%); IM, 3 (1%); Nilo, 1 (1%); Dasa, 11 (10%) (p<.001). Overall, cumulative incidence of complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) at 6M, major molecular response (MMR) at 12M, molecular response with 4.5 log reduction by IS (MR4.5) at 24M did not differ significantly between RLC and non-RLC (3 or 6M), or between ALC and non-ALC (3 or 6M). 5-y TFS, EFS and OS in ALC group were significantly worse than those in non-ALC group (p= .002, p=.016, p=.008, respectively). By UVA and MVA related to OS, age [p <.001; Hazard ratio (HR), 1.062; 95% confidence interval (95%CI), 1.036-1.089], presence of ALC at 3 or 6M [p = .028; HR, 10.948; 95%CI, 1.297-92.415], absence of MMR at 24M [p=.016; HR, 2.263; 95%CI, 1.165-4.393] were identified as adverse prognostic factors for OS. Conclusion: The presence of ALC ≥4,000/µL at 3 or 6M of TKI therapies is rare but is adversely associated with overall survival. Table 1. Patient Characteristics and Outcomes (N=483)a Overall [n= 481] IM [n= 271] Nilo [n= 105] Dasa [n= 107] Age, (year) 48 (15-85) 48 (15-85) 49 (17-82) 48 (16-83) Sokal Risk, No. (%) Low 334 (69) 175 (65) 79 (75) 80 (75) Intermediate 114 (24) 74 (27) 18 (17) 22 (21) High 32 (7) 20 (7) 8 (8) 4 (4) Time from diagnosis to start of TKI, (M) 0.9 (0-12.6) 1.0 (0-12.6) 0.5 (0-5.6) 0.7 (0.1-7.8) ALC at baseline, (/109L) 2.5 (0-86.6) 2.4 (0-16.7) 2.6 (0.4-9.2) 2.7 (0.3-86.6) Incidence of Relative Lymphocytosis, No. (%) At 3M 65 (14) 25 (9) 16 (15) 24 (22) At 6M 76 (16) 32 (12) 20 (19) 24 (22) Overall 93 (19) 38 (14) 23 (22) 32 (30) Incidence of Absolute Lymphocytosis, No. (%) At 3M 8 (2) 1 (0) 0 7 (7) At 6M 11 (2) 3 (1) 1 (1) 7 (7) Overall 15 (3) 3 (1) 1 (1) 11 (10) Outcomes of RLC and ALC at any time in each group, +/- (%/%) (p) <10% BCR-ABL/ABL at 3M RLC 36/40 (.596) 22/44 (.213) 50/37 (.280) 31/38 (.537) ALC 38/39 (.952) 0/42 (.394) 100/39 (.214) 36/35 (.952) Cumulative CCyR at 6M RLC 75/75 (.288) 50/66 (.063) 96/90 (.413) 90/87 (.628) ALC 67/75 (.711) 33/64 (.276) 0/92 (.001) 82/89 (.599) Cumulative MMR at 12M RLC 67/74 (.406) 53/70 (.030) 83/82 (.921) 72/74 (.903) ALC 60/73 (.488) 33/68 (.197) 0/83 (.033) 73/74 (.745) Cumulative MR4.5 at 24M RLC 46/52 (.564) 37/50 (.139) 57/55 (.889) 50/57 (.729) ALC 33/52 (.332) 33/48 (.610) 0/56 (.264) 36/57 (.252) 5-y FFS RLC 61/71 (.133) 56/69 (.167) 62/70 (.710) 61/74 (.285) ALC 50/69 (.076) 0/68 (<.001) 0/70 (<.001) 71/70 (.974) 5-y TFS RLC 90/93 (.369) 88/93 (.597) 91/88 (.115) 91/99 (.213) ALC 72/93 (.002) 67/93 (.014) 0/90 (<.001) 80/97 (.121) 5-y EFS RLC 80/86 (.213) 71/83 (.154) 84/87 (.450) 86/93 (.486) ALC 64/85 (.016) 33/82 (<.001) 0/87 (<.001) 80/92 (.574) 5-y OS RLC 89/93 (.068) 81/94 (.007) 100/84 (.126) 96/99 (.207) ALC 82/93 (.008) 67/93 (.001) 100/88 (.847) 83/99 (.040) a Two in IM and 1 in Dasa were not evaluable due to lack of differential data at 3 and 6M. Figure 1. OS in Pts with ALC Figure 1. OS in Pts with ALC Disclosures O'Brien: Amgen, Celgene, GSK: Consultancy; CLL Global Research Foundation: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Emergent, Genentech, Gilead, Infinity, Pharmacyclics, Spectrum: Consultancy, Research Funding; MorphoSys, Acerta, TG Therapeutics: Research Funding.

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Vase, Maja Ølholm, Eva Maksten, Knud Bendix, Stephen Jacques Hamilton-Dutoit, Claus Andersen, Michael B. Møller, Søren Schwartz Sørensen, et al. "Tumor Microenvironmental Features and Outcome in Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 1617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1617.1617.

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Abstract Background: PTLD comprises a diverse spectrum of hematological conditions, ranging from early lesions, characterized by reactive-like proliferations, to monomorphic lesions, resembling overt lymphoma. Â In most cases, the lesions are believed to arise as the result of reduced immune surveillance secondary to the use of immunosuppressive drugs post-transplant. This view is supported by the observation that PTLDs, particularly those characterized by early or polymorphic lesions, may regress spontaneously upon reduction of the immunosuppressive treatment. Studies in sporadic lymphomas have identified distinct microenvironmental characteristics, predictive of the clinical behavior, but data is scarce in the immunocompromised setting. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the tumor microenvironment in a population-based cohort of PTLD. Methods: We identified 108 PTLD patients diagnosed in the period 1994-2011. Of these, 62 cases had adequate tissue for tissue microarray construction. All biopsies were reviewed and classified according to the WHO 2008 criteria. Immunohistochemically stained sections were digitally quantified using Tissuemorph (Visiopharm Integrator System 4.0.3.0, Visiopharm, Denmark). Determination of optimal cut-off values of the area fraction (AF) was established by a ROC-curve. ROC analyses were performed in every disease entity and used for endpoint analyses. Results: Themedian age was 45 yrs (range 2-77 yrs) with a M/F ratio of 3:1. The majority presented in stage I-II (61%), and B symptoms and extranodal disease were common features (40% and 42%, respectively). Most tissue samples were EBV-positive (85%). The EBV latency pattern was predominantly latency II (41%) or III (43%). The AF of galectin-1 (gal-1) positive cells was clearly correlated to latency type (p=0.0001), whereas FOXP3 and programmed death-1 (PD-1) did not show such correlation (fig 1). Overall survival (OS) was significantly higher in cases with high levels of PD-1 expression, with 5-yrs OS of 39% (23-55%) and 69% (47-83%) for low and high levels, respectively (p=0.01). Expression levels of FOXP3 and gal-1 had no impact on OS in the total cohort (fig 1). In the monomorphic setting, a low AF of FOXP3 positive cells was associated with an increased risk of progression (OR 6.1; 95% CI: 1.4-26.0). This did not, however, translate into an inferior OS (p=0.163). To specifically characterize the tumor microenvironmental features of DLBCL-type PTLD with respect to cell of origin (COO), 30 evaluable cases were analyzed according to the Hans classifier; 10 (33%) were germinal center (GC) type and 20 (67%) of non-GC type. Cases of non-GC subtype had a significantly shorter time to PTLD of 1.16 yrs (CI: 0.64- 2.11), than those of GC-subtype (3.66 yrs; CI: 1.64- 8.16) (p=0.023) and a lower AF of gal-1 positive cells (p=0.042). The 5-yrs OS was 58% (32-77%) and 0% for non-GC versus GC-tumors, respectively (p=0.075). High levels of FOXP3 expression were associated with superior OS in the non-GC sub-group (p=0.04); gal-1 and PD-1 had no influence in the COO setting. Conclusion: The present study is one of the few attempts to describe tumor microenvironmental features in PTLD and relate them to outcome. In a population-based PTLD cohort, we found that specific immune cell subsets were variably expressed in different PTLD subtypes, and that high expression of PD-1 (whole cohort) and FOXP3 (non-GC DLBCL only) correlated with significantly better outcome. Â N(%) pts in TMA Organ tx(%) Kidney Heart Lung 47(75.8) 9(14.5) 6(9.7) Type PTLD(%) Early/polymorphic lesions Monomorphic PTLD Diffuse large B-cell lymphomaPeripheral T-cel lymphomal, NOS*T-Anaplastic large cell lymphomaBurkitt lymphomaHodgkin lymphoma-type PTLD Marginal zone lymphoma 18(29.0) 38(61.2) 32(51.6) 1(1.6) 3(4.8) 2(3.2) 4(6.5) 2(3.2) Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Pinzón Ardila, Omar. "Modelado de un Recuperador Dinámico de Tensión para el Mejoramiento de la Calidad de la Onda de Tensión." BISTUA REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS BASICAS 14, no. 1 (May 4, 2016): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24054/01204211.v1.n1.2016.1938.

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[1] R. C. Dugan, H. W. Beaty, y S. Santoso, Electrical Power Systems Quality, Third edition. Tata McGraw Hill Education, 2012.[2] J. Arrilaga y N. R. Watson, Power System Harmonics. Jhon Wiley and Sons, 2003.[3] H. Kim, F. Blaabjerg, B. Bak-Jensen, y J. Choi, «Instantaneous power compensation in three-phase systems by using p-q-r theory», en Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2001. PESC. 2001 IEEE 32nd Annual, 2001, vol. 2, pp. 478–485 vol.2.[4] J. G. Nielsen y F. Blaabjerg, «Comparison of system topologies for dynamic voltage restorers», en Conference Record of the 2001 IEEE Industry Applications Conference, 2001. Thirty-Sixth IAS Annual Meeting, 2001, vol. 4, pp. 2397–2403 vol.4.[5] M. Vilathgamuwa, A. A. . Ranjith Perera, S. S. Choi, y K. J. Tseng, «Control of energy optimized dynamic voltage restorer»,88presentado en The 25th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 1999. IECON ’99 Proceedings, 1999, vol. 2, pp. 873-878 vol.2.[6] N. H. Woodley, L. Morgan, y A. Sundaram, «Experience with an inverter-based dynamic voltage restorer», IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., vol. 14, n.o 3, pp. 1181-1186, jul. 1999.[7] M. D. Stump, G. J. Keane, y F. K. S. Leong, «The role of custom power products in enhancing power quality at industrial facilities», en 1998 International Conference on Energy Management and Power Delivery, 1998. Proceedings of EMPD ’98, 1998, vol. 2, pp. 507–517 vol.2.[8] UNE, Características de la Tensión Suministrada Por Las Redes Generales de Distribución, UNE-EN 50160. UNE, 1996.[9] M. P. Kazmierkowski y L. Malesani, «Current control techniques for three-phase voltage-source PWM converters: a survey», Ind. Electron. IEEE Trans. On, vol. 45, n.o 5, pp. 691–703, 1998.[10] G. A. de Almeida Carlos, E. C. dos Santos, C. B. Jacobina, y J. P. R. A. Mello, «Dynamic Voltage Restorer Based on Three-Phase Inverters Cascaded Through an Open-End Winding Transformer», IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 31, n.o 1, pp. 188-199, ene. 2016.[11] S. Andrews y S. Joshi, «Performance Improvement of Dynamic Voltage Restorer using Proportional - Resonant Controller», en Renewable Energy and Energy Management; Proceedings of PCIM Europe 2015; International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, 2015, pp. 1-8.[12] A. M. Rauf y V. Khadkikar, «An Enhanced Voltage Sag Compensation Scheme for Dynamic Voltage Restorer», IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 62, n.o 5, pp. 2683-2692, may 2015.[13] Craig Muller, User’s Guide on the Use of PSCAD. Manitoba, Canada: Manitoba HVDC Research Centre, 2010.[14] Rohitha Jayasinghe, User’s Guide. A Comprehensive Resourse for EMTDC. Manitoba, Canada: Manitoba HVDC Research Centre, 2010.[15] L. A. Moran, J. W. Dixon, y R. R. Wallace, «A Three-Phase Active Power Filter Operating with Fixed Switching Frequency for Reactive Power and Current Harmonic Compensation», Ind. Electron. IEEE Trans. On, vol. 42, n.o 4, pp. 402 -408, ago. 1995.[16] S. Bhattacharya y D. Divian, «Synchronous frame based controller implementation for hybrid series active filters system», Proceeding 1995 IEEEIAS Annu. Meet., pp. 2531-2540, 1995.[17] J. G. Nielsen y F. Blaabjerg, «A detailed comparison of system topologies for dynamic voltage restorers», IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 41, n.o 5, pp. 1272- 1280, oct. 2005.[18] J. Arrillaga, N. R. Watson, y S. Chen, Power System Quality Assessment. Jhon Wiley and Sons, 2000.[19] V. B. Bhavaraju y P. Enjeti, «A Fast Active Power Filter to Correct Line Voltage Sag», IEEE Trans, vol. IE-41, n.o 3, pp. 333-338, 1994.[20] G. Blajszczak, «Direct Method for Voltage Distortion Compensation in Power Network Bay Series Converter Filter», IEE Proc Electr Power Appl, vol. 142, n.o 5, pp. 308-312, 1995.[21] H. Akagi, «New Trends in Active Filters for Power Conditioning», Ind. Appl. IEEE Trans. On, vol. 32, n.o 6, pp. 1312 -1322, nov. 1996.[22] A. Ghosh y G. Ledwich, «Compensation of distribution system voltage using DVR», IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., vol. 17, n.o 4, pp. 1030- 1036, oct. 2002.89[23] C. J. Melhorn, T. D. Davis, y G. E. Beam, «Voltage sags: their impact on the utility and industrial customers», IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 34, n.o 3, p. 549, 1998.[24] W. E. Brumsickle, G. A. Luckjiff, R. S. Schneider, D. M. Divan, y M. F. McGranaghan, «Dynamic sag correctors: cost effective industrial power line conditioning», en Proceedings of 34th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Industry Applications, Phoenix, AZ, USA, 1999, vol. vol.2, p. 1339.[25] B. Singh, K. Al-Haddad, y A. 9 Chandra, «A Review of Active Filters for Power Quality Improvement», Ind. Electron. IEEE Trans. On, vol. 46, n.o 5, pp. 960-971, oct. 1999.[26] C. Zhan, C. Fitzer, V. K. Ramachandaramurthy, A. Arulampalam, M. Barnes, y N. Jenkins, «Software phase-locked loop applied to dynamic voltage restorer (DVR)», en IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, 2001, 2001, vol. 3, pp. 1033-1038 vol.3.[27] V. Kaura y V. Blasko, «Operation of a phase locked loop system under distorted utility conditions», en Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 1996. APEC ’96. Conference Proceedings 1996., Eleventh Annual, 1996, vol. 2, pp. 703–708 vol.2.[28] A. C. Parsons, W. M. Grady, y E. J. Powers, «A wavelet-based procedure for automatically determining the beginning and end of transmission system voltage sags», en IEEE Power Engineering Society 1999 Winter Meeting, 1999, vol. 2, pp. 1310–1315 vol.2.[29] D. Gregory, C. Fitzer, y M. Barnes, «The static transfer switch operational considerations», en Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, 2002. International Conference on (Conf. Publ. No. 487), 2002, pp. 620–625.[30] C. Zhan, V. K. Ramachandaramurthy, A. Arulampalam, C. Fitzer, S. Kromlidis, M. Bames, y N. Jenkins, «Dynamic voltage restorer based on voltage-space-vector PWM control», IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 37, n.o 6, pp. 1855-1863, nov. 2001.[31] C. Fitzer, A. Arulampalam, M. Barnes, y R. Zurowski, «Mitigation of saturation in dynamic voltage restorer connection transformers», IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 17, n.o 6, pp. 1058- 1066, nov. 2002.[32] S. Gao, X. Lin, Y. Kang, Y. Duan, y J. Qiu, «Mitigation of inrush current in dynamic voltage restorer injection transformers», en 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2012, pp. 4093-4098.[33] Y. W. Li, «Control and Resonance Damping of Voltage-Source and Current-Source Converters With Filters», IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, n.o 5, pp. 1511-1521, may 2009.[34] H. Akagi, «Control strategy and site selection of shunt active filter for damping of harmonic propagation in power distribution systems», Present. 1996 IEEEPES Winter Meet., 1996.[35] M. El-Habrouk, M. K. Darwish, y P. Mehta, «Active Power Filters: A Review», Electr. Power Appl. IEE Proc., vol. 147, n.o 5, pp. 403 -413, sep. 2000.[36] S. Buso, L. Malesani, y P. Mattavelli, «Comparison of current control techniques for active filter applications», Ind. Electron. IEEE Trans. On, vol. 45, n.o 5, pp. 722–729, 1998.[37] W. M. Grady, M. J. Samotyj, y A. H. Noyola, «Survey of active power line conditioning metodologies», IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., vol. 5, pp. 1536-1542, 1990.[38] H. Akagi, Y. Kanazawa, y A. Nabae, «Instantaneous reactive power compensators comprising switching devices without energy storange components», IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. IA-20, pp. 625-630, 1984.[39] A. Garcia-Cerrada, P. Garcia-Gonzalez, R. Collantes, T. Gomez, y J. Anzola, «Comparison of thyristor-controlled reactors and voltage-source inverters for compensation of flicker caused by arc furnaces», IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., vol. 15, n.o 4, p. 1225, 2000.[40] P. C. Krause, Analysis of Electric Machinery. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc., 1986.[41] H. Akagi, Y. Kanazawa, y A. Nabae, «Generalised theory of the instantaneous reactive power in three-phase circuits», Proceeding 1983 Int. Power Electron. Conf. Tokyo Jpn. 1983, pp. 1375-1386, 1983.[42] G. F. Franklin, J. D. Powell, y M. L. Workman, Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, 3rd ed. Addison-Wesley, 1997.[43] K. J. Astrom y B. Wittenmark, Computer-Controlled Systems: Theory and Design, 3rd ed. Prentice Hall Inc., 1997.[44] J. Svensson, «Grid-connected voltage source converter», PhD Thesis, Chalmers university of Technology, 1998.[45] J. Svensson y R. Ottersted, «Shunt Active Filtering of Vector Current-Controlled VSC at a Moderate Swiching Frequency», IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 35, pp. 1083-1090, 1999.[46] J. Holtz, «Pulsewith modulation for electronic power convertion», Proceeding IEEE, vol. 82, n.o 8, pp. 1194-1214, ago. 1994.[47] Mathworks, Using Matlab vesion 8.4. 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Lazo-Langner, Alejandro, Jeff Hawell, Michael J. Kovacs, Philip S. Wells, Dimitrios Scarvelis, Melissa Anne Forgie, and Marc Rodger. "A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Proportions of Thrombosis and Bleeding in Patients Receiving Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis After Orthopedic Surgery (OS). An Update." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 3125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.3125.3125.

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Abstract Abstract 3125 Poster Board III-62 VTE is the most frequent complication of OS and it can be prevented through anticoagulant prophylaxis. Numerous studies have evaluated different agents for this purpose and there are new agents currently under development or recently approved for this indication. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating administration of anticoagulants for VTE prophylaxis in OS and performed a MA of proportions to estimate the overall incidence of major VTE (proximal VTE, pulmonary embolism (PE), or death from PE), total VTE (proximal and distal VTE, PE or death from PE), symptomatic VTE and major bleeding episodes (as defined by the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis). We included RCT comparing currently approved anticoagulants (head-to-head or placebo-controlled) for VTE prophylaxis in OS (hip and knee arthroplasty and hip fracture surgery) using systematic evaluation of VTE (ultrasound or venography, pulmonary angiography, CT pulmonary angiography, or ventilation perfusion scan). Heterogeneity of proportions was evaluated using a chi2 test and pooled estimates of proportions were obtained using either a fixed or a random effects model in which the weights were estimated as proposed by Laird and Mosteller. We retrieved 74 studies including180 research arms and enrolling 71,012 patients. The total number of events and evaluable patients, percentage of events and 95% CI, and number of study arms included are shown in the table. We found differences in the percentage of VTE and bleeding events associated with the use of different anticoagulants for VTE prophylaxis after OS. Due to the nature of the analysis no effect measure can be estimated. These estimates might help to design future studies. Major VTE Total VTE Symptomatic VTE Major Bleeding Cases / Evaluable Pts. (N) Percentage (95% CI) Study arms (N) Cases / Evaluable Pts. (N) Percentage (95% CI) Study arms (N) Cases / Evaluable Pts. (N) Percentage (95% CI) Study arms (N) Cases / Evaluable Pts. (N) Percentage (95% CI) Study arms (N) All patients LMWH 993/23692 5.96 (5.81, 6.11) 72 4068/22610 20.29 (20.04, 20.55) 80 193/19431 1.32 (1.27, 1.37) 35 476/28725 1.98 (1.93, 2.02) 70 UFH 234/2407 13.39 (12.86, 13.93) 14 596/2537 22.54 (22, 23.08) 17 11/339 3.24 (3.06, 3.43) 4 70/2849 2.75 (2.61, 2.89) 16 Warfarin 269/5677 6.28 (6.09, 6.46) 12 1317/4203 31.05 (30.44, 31.66) 12 71/4146 1.95 (1.83, 2.08) 6 96/6751 1.78 (1.69, 1.87) 12 Fonda 96/3673 3.81 (3.53, 4.09) 7 223/3477 6.82 (6.57, 7.07) 6 69/6398 1.06 (1.01, 1.1) 8 121/6576 1.63 (1.55, 1.71) 9 Riva 50/5025 2.02 (1.86, 2.19) 8 242/4595 13.05 (12.16, 13.94) 8 29/6252 0.46 (0.45, 0.48) 6 31/6643 0.63 (0.59, 0.68) 8 Dabi 149/4091 3.64 (3.59, 3.69) 6 834/4051 22.96 (21.91, 24.01) 6 26/3664 0.71 (0.67, 0.75) 4 67/5419 1.21 (1.17, 1.26) 6 Placebo 193/710 24.26 (23.17, 25.34) 10 379/816 49.35 (48.08, 50.62) 11 19/198 12.02 (10.32, 13.72) 3 12/753 1.59 (1.5, 1.68) 7 Total 1984/45275 129 7659/42289 140 418/40428 66 873/57716 128 Total Hip Arthroplasty LMWH 653/15978 6 (5.85, 6.16) 50 1817/14480 15.58 (15.35, 15.82) 55 81/11552 0.7 (0.69, 0.72) 19 306/18010 1.97 (1.92, 2.02) 45 UFH 187/1739 14.3 (13.64, 14.96) 11 354/1836 20.13 (19.46, 20.8) 13 11/246 4.47 (4.21, 4.73) 3 52/1451 3.2 (3.01, 3.39) 11 Warfarin 77/2758 4.28 (4.08, 4.48) 6 265/1273 20.82 (20.59, 21.04) 6 32/1833 1.75 (1.69, 1.81) 2 47/2856 2.23 (2.09, 2.37) 5 Fonda 28/1799 2.96 (2.58, 3.33) 3 85/1695 5.01 (4.91, 5.12) 2 15/2255 0.67 (0.63, 0.7) 2 69/2349 2.94 (2.87, 3.01) 3 Riva 25/2938 2.21 (1.95, 2.46) 5 73/2749 9.72 (8.92, 10.53) 5 10/3468 0.29 (0.27, 0.31) 3 14/3795 0.49 (0.44, 0.54) 5 Dabi 72/1803 3.99 (3.88, 4.11) 2 124/1766 7.02 (6.77, 7.27) 2 21/2293 0.92 (0.91, 0.93) 2 38/2309 1.65 (1.58, 1.72) 2 Placebo 105/414 26.01 (24.76, 27.27) 7 174/418 45.43 (43.74, 47.13) 7 4/147 2.72 (2.46, 2.98) 2 3/388 0.77 (0.69, 0.86) 5 Total 1147/27429 84 2892/24217 90 174/21794 33 529/31158 76 Total Knee Arthroplasty LMWH 277/6916 4.45 (4.34, 4.55) 25 2062/7326 30.72 (30.37, 31.07) 32 83/4902 1.69 (1.66, 1.73) 11 89/7808 1.14 (1.12, 1.16) 26 UFH 42/638 6.58 (6.39, 6.78) 3 226/638 35.42 (35.05, 35.79) 3 0/93 NE 1 3/318 0.94 (0.84, 1.05) 2 Warfarin 192/2919 8.1 (7.88, 8.32) 9 1052/2930 39.36 (38.69, 40.02) 9 39/2056 1.9 (1.84, 1.96) 3 28/3407 0.82 (0.79, 0.85) 8 Fonda 23/452 9.3 (7.93, 10.67) 2 45/361 12.47 (12.12, 12.81) 1 3/517 0.58 (0.51, 0.65) 1 12/601 2 (1.88, 2.11) 2 Riva 25/2087 1.2 (1.15, 1.24) 3 169/1846 18.55 (16.47, 20.63) 3 19/2784 0.68 (0.65, 0.71) 3 17/2848 0.6 (0.57, 0.63) 3 Dabi 77/2288 3.37 (3.32, 3.41) 4 710/2285 30.98 (30.42, 31.55) 4 5/1371 0.36 (0.32, 0.41) 2 29/3110 0.93 (0.89, 0.98) 4 Placebo 88/296 27.12 (24.54, 29.7) 4 205/398 55.19 (53.53, 56.84) 5 15/51 29.41 (28.16, 30.66) 1 9/365 2.47 (2.31, 2.62) 4 Total 724/15596 50 4469/15784 57 164/11774 22 187/18457 49 LMWH Low molecular weight heparin, UFH unfractionated heparin, Riva Rivaroxaban, Dabi Dabigatran etexilate Disclosures Lazo-Langner: Boehringer Ingelheim: Honoraria. Rodger:Bayer: Research Funding; Leo Pharma: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Boehringer Ingelheim: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Biomerieux: Research Funding; GTC Therapeutics: Research Funding.

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Magnus, Dan, Santosh Bhatta, and Julie Mytton. "432 Establishing injury surveillance in emergency departments in Nepal: epidemiology and burden of paediatric injuries." Emergency Medicine Journal 37, no. 12 (November 23, 2020): 825.2–827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj-2020-rcemabstracts.7.

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Aims/Objectives/BackgroundGlobally, injuries cause more than 5 million deaths annually. Children and young people are a particularly vulnerable group and injuries are the leading cause of death in people aged 5–24 years globally and a leading cause of disability.In most low and middle-income countries where the majority of global child injury burden occurs, systems for routinely collecting injury data are limited. There is a continuing need for better data on childhood injuries and for injury surveillance.The aim of our study was to introduce a hospital-based injury surveillance tool – the first of its kind in Nepal and explore its feasibility. We undertook prospective collection of data on all injuries/trauma presenting to 2 hospital emergency departments to describe the epidemiology of paediatric hospital injury presentations and associated risk factors.Methods/DesignA new injury surveillance system for use in emergency departments in Nepal was designed and used to collect data on patients presenting with injuries. Data were collected prospectively in two hospitals 24 h a day over 12 months (April 2019 - March 2020) by trained data collectors using tablet computers.Abstract 432 Table 1Socio-demographic profile and characteristics of injury among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020 (N=2696)CharacteristicsFrequencyGender Male 1778 Female 918 Age groups 0–4 years 653 5–9 years 866 10–14 years 680 15–17 years 497 Median year (IRQ) 8 (5 – 13) Ethnicity/caste Janajati 1384 Brahmin/Chhetri 892 Dalit 148 Madhesi 146 Muslim 74 Others 50 Unknown 2 Place where injury occurred Home/Compound 1576 Highway/road/street 636 School 233 Recreational area 138 Workplace 76 Other 37 Activities at the time injury occurred Leisure/Play 1889 Travelling (other than to/from school/work) 296 Work 202 Travelling (to/from school/work) 184 Education 42 Organised sports 11 Other 52 Unknown 20 Intent of injury Unintentional 2560 Intentional (self-harm) 61 Intentional (assault) 75 Unintentional (n=2560) Fall 912 Animal or insect related 728 Road traffic injury 356 Injured by a blunt force 201 Stabbed, cut or pierced 176 Fire, burn or scald 65 Poisoning 52 Suffocation/choking 36 Electrocution 12 Drowning and submersion 7 Other 13 Unknown 2 Self-harm (n=61) Poisoning 38 Hanging, strangulation, suffocation 12 Stabbed, cut or pierced 6 Injured by blunt object 4 Other 1 Assault (n=75) Bodily force (physical violence) 43 Injured by blunt object 18 Stabbed, cut or pierced 8 Pushing from a high place 2 Poisoning 2 Sexual assault 1 Other 1 Nature of injury (one most severe) Cuts, bites or open wound 1378 Bruise or superficial injury 383 Fracture 299 Sprain, strain or dislocation 243 Internal injury 124 Head Injury/Concussion 83 Burns 67 Other 115 Unknown 2 Not recorded 2 Severity of injury No apparent injury 125 Minor 1645 Moderate 813 Severe 111 Not recorded 2 Disposition Discharged 2317 Admitted to hospital 164 Transferred to another hospital 179 Died 21 Leave Against Medical Advice (LAMA) 11 Unknown 2 Not recorded 2 Note:Not recorded = missing cases95% CI calculated using one proportion test and normal approximation method in Minitab.Abstract 432 Table 2Distribution of injuries by age-group, sex and mechanism of injury among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020Age groups & Sex0 - 4 years5 - 9 years10–14 years15–17 yearsMaleFemaleTotalIntent & mechanismsn (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)Unintentional Fall 239 (26.2) 328 (36.0) 249 (27.3) 96 (10.5) 636 (69.7) 276 (30.3) 912 (100) Animal or insect related 175 (24.0) 260 (35.7) 190 (26.1) 103 (14.1) 470 (64.6) 258 (35.4) 728 (100) Road traffic injury 49 (13.8) 108 (30.3) 86 (24.2) 113 (31.7) 223 (62.6) 133 (37.4) 356 (100) Injured by a blunt force 54 (26.9) 74 (36.8) 49 (24.4) 24 (11.9) 150 (74.6) 51 (25.4) 201 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 20 (11.4) 56 (31.8) 49 (27.8) 51 (29.0) 127 (72.2) 49 (27.8) 176 (100) Fire, burn or scald 42 (64.6) 10 (15.4) 9 (13.8) 4 (6.2) 27 (41.5) 38 (58.5) 65 (100) Poisoning 33 (63.5) 6 (11.5) 5 (9.6) 8 (15.4) 26 (50.0) 26 (50.0) 52 (100) Suffocation/choking 24 (66.7) 5 (13.9) 2 (5.6) 5 (13.9) 20 (55.6) 16 (44.4) 36 (100) Electrocution 2 (15.7) 0 (0.0) 3 (25.0) 7 (58.3) 10 (83.3) 2 (16.7) 12 (100) Drowning and submersion 1 (14.3) 1 (14.3) 3 (42.9) 2 (28.6) 3 (42.9) 4 (57.1) 7 (100) Other 6 (46.2) 4 (30.8) 3 (23.1) 0 (0.0) 10 (76.9) 3 (23.1) 13 (100) Unknown 2 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) 2 (100) Total 647 (25.3) 852 (33.3) 648 (25.3) 413 (16.1) 1702 (66.5) 858 (33.5) 2560 (100) Self-harm Poisoning 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 6 (15.8) 32 (84.2) 7 (18.4) 31 (81.6) 38 (100) Hanging 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 3 (25.0) 9 (75.0) 4 (33.3) 8 (66.7) 12 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (33.3) 4 (66.7) 1 (16.7) 5 (83.3) 6 (100) Injured by blunt object 0 (0.0) 2 (50.0) 2 (50.0) 0 (0.0) 4 (100) 0 (0.0) 4 (100) Other 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) Total 0 (0.0) 2 (3.3) 13 (21.3) 46 (75.4) 17 (27.9) 44 (72.1) 61 (100) Assault Bodily force (physical violence) 3 (7.0) 1 (2.3) 11 (25.6) 28 (65.1) 37 (86.0) 6 (14.0) 43 (100) Injured by blunt object 2 (11.1) 8 (44.4) 4 (22.2) 4 (22.2) 13 (72.2) 5 (27.8) 18 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 1 (12.5) 0 (0.0) 2 (25.0) 5 (62.5) 7 (87.5) 1 (12.5) 8 (100) Pushing from a high place 0 (0.0) 1 (50.0) 1 (50.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (50.0) 1 (50.0) 2 (100) Poisoning 0 (0.0) 1 (50.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (50.0) 1 (50.0) 1 (50.0) 2 (100) Sexual assault 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) 1 (100) Other 0 (0.0) 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) 1 (100) Total 6 (8.0) 12 (16.0) 19 (25.3) 38 (50.7) 59 (78.7) 16 (21.3) 75 (100) Abstract 432 Table 3Association of injury location, nature and severity with age among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020Age groups0 – 4 years5 – 9 years10–14 years15–17 yearsTotalChi-SquareInjury characteristicsn (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)P valueLocation of injury sustained Home/Compound 537 (34.1) 504 (32.0) 319 (20.2) 216 (13.7) 1576 (100) <0.001 Highway/road/street 85 (13.4) 196 (30.8) 190 (29.9) 165 (25.9) 636 (100) School 15 (6.4) 107 (45.9) 85 (36.5) 26 (11.2) 233 (100) Recreational area 9 (6.5) 44 (31.9) 55 (39.9) 30 (21.7) 138 (100) Workplace 1 (1.3) 4 (5.3) 19 (25.0) 52 (68.4) 76 (100) Other 6 (16.2) 11 (29.7) 12 (32.4) 8 (21.6) 37 (100) Total 653 (24.2) 866 (32.1) 680 (25.2) 497 (18.4) 2696 (100) Nature of injury Cuts, bites or open wound 328 (23.8) 506 (36.7) 314 (22.8) 230 (16.7) 1378 (100) <0.001 Bruise or superficial injury 81 (21.1) 99 (25.8) 118 (30.8) 85 (22.2) 383 (100) Fracture 48 (16.1) 101 (33.8) 112 (37.5) 38 (12.7) 299 (100) Sprain, strain or dislocation 48 (19.8) 78 (32.1) 72 (29.6) 45 (18.5) 243 (100) Internal injury 44 (35.5) 8 (6.5) 18 (14.5) 54 (43.5) 124 (100) Head Injury/Concussion 18 (21.7) 26 (31.3) 18 (21.7) 21 (25.3) 83 (100) Burns 42 (62.7) 9 (13.4) 10 (14.9) 6 (9.0) 67 (100) Other 41 (35.7) 38 (33.0) 18 (15.7) 18 (15.7) 115 (100) Unknown 2 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) Total 652 (24.2) 865 (32.1) 680 (25.2) 497 (18.4) 2694 (100) Severity of injury No apparent injury 39 (31.2) 45 (36.0) 26 (20.8) 15 (12.0) 125 (100) <0.001 Minor 419 (25.5) 535 (32.5) 406 (24.7) 285 (17.3) 1645 (100) Moderate 171 (21.0) 262 (32.2) 225 (27.7) 155 (19.1) 813 (100) Severe 23 (20.7) 23 (20.7) 23 (20.7) 42 (37.8) 111 (100) Total 652 (24.2) 865 (32.1) 680 (25.2) 497 (18.4) 2694 (100) Abstract 432 Table 4Association of injury location, nature and severity with sex among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020SexMaleFemaleTotalChi-SquareInjury characteristicsn (%)n (%)n (%)P valueLocation of injury sustained Home/Compound 979 (62.1) 597 (37.9) 1576 (100) <0.001 Highway/road/street 421 (66.2) 215 (33.8) 636 (100) School 176 (75.5) 57 (24.5) 233 (100) Recreational area 111 (80.4) 27 (19.6) 138 (100) Workplace 62 (81.6) 14 (18.4) 76 (100) Other 29 (78.4) 8 (21.6) 37 (100) Total 1778 (65.9) 918 (34.1) 2696 (100) Nature of injury Cuts, bites or open wound 959 (69.6) 419 (30.4) 1378 (100) <0.001 Bruise or superficial injury 246 (64.2) 137 (35.8) 383 (100) Fracture 200 (66.9) 99 (33.1) 299 (100) Sprain, strain or dislocation 154 (63.4) 89 (36.6) 243 (100) Internal injury 50 (40.3) 74 (59.7) 124 (100) Head Injury/Concussion 59 (71.1) 24 (28.9) 83 (100) Burns 27 (40.3) 40 (59.7) 67 (100) Other 79 (68.7) 36 (31.3) 115 (100) Unknown 2 (100) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) Total 1776 (65.9) 918 (34.1) 2694 (100) Severity of injury No apparent injury 81 (64.8) 44 (35.2) 125 (100) 0.048 Minor 1102 (67.0) 543 (33.0) 1645 (100) Moderate 533 (65.6) 280 (34.4) 813 (100) Severe 60 (54.1) 51 (45.9) 111 (100) Total 1776 (65.9) 918 (34.1) 2694 (100) Abstract 432 Table 5Distribution of injuries by outcome and mechanism of injury among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020Outcome of injuryDischargedAdmittedTransferredDiedLAMAUnknownTotalIntent & mechanismsn (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)n (%)Unintentional Fall 787 (86.5) 65 (7.1) 53 (5.8) 0 (0.0) 4 (0.4) 1 (0.1) 910 (100) Animal/insect bite/sting 704 (96.7) 3 (0.4) 19 (2.6) 0 (0.0) 1 (0.1) 1 (0.1) 728 (100) Road traffic injury 260 (73.0) 47 (13.2) 44 (12.4) 5 (1.4) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 356 (100) Injured by a blunt force 190 (94.5) 4 (2.0) 6 (3.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (0.5) 0 (0.0) 201 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 165 (93.8) 8 (4.5) 3 (1.7) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 176 (100) Fire, burn or scald 52 (80.0) 12 (18.5) 1 (1.5) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 65 (100) Poisoning 30 (57.7) 4 (7.7) 16 (30.8) 1 (1.9) 1 (1.9) 0 (0.0) 52 (100) Suffocation/choking/asphyxia 24 (66.7) 4 (11.1) 6 (16.7) 1 (2.8) 1 (2.8) 0 (0.0) 36 (100) Electrocution 7 (58.3) 2 (16.7) 2 (16.7) 1 (8.3) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 12 (100) Drowning and submersion 4 (57.1) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 3 (42.9) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 7 (100) Other 12 (92.3) 1 (7.7) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 13 (100) Unknown 2 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) Total 2237 (87.5) 150 (5.9) 150 (5.9) 11 (0.4) 8 (0.3) 2 (0.1) 2558 (100) Self-harm Poisoning 5 (13.2) 8 (21.1) 23 (60.5) 0 (0.0) 2 (5.3) 0 (0.0) 38 (100) Hanging 1 (8.3) 0 (0.0) 1 (8.3) 10 (83.3) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 12 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 6 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 6 (100) Injured by blunt object 4 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 4 (100) Other 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) Total 17 (27.9) 8 (13.1) 24 (39.3) 10 (16.4) 2 (3.3) 0 (0.0) 61 (100) Assault Bodily force (physical violence) 34 (79.1) 5 (11.6) 3 (7.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (2.3) 0 (0.0) 43 (100) Injured by blunt object 18 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 18 (100) Stabbed, cut or pierced 6 (75.0) 1 (12.5) 1 (12.5) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 8 (100) Pushing from a high place 2 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) Poisoning 1 (50) 0 (0.0) 1 (50.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (100) Sexual assault 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) Other 1 (100) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (100) Total 63 (84.0) 6 (8.0) 5 (6.7) 0 (0.0) 1 (1.3) 0 (0.0) 75 (100) Abstract 432 Figure 1Seasonal variation of injuries identified by the injury surveillance system over a year among children attending emergency of hospitals in Makwanpur district, Nepal, April 2019 – March 2020Results/ConclusionsThe total number of ED patients with injury in the study was 10,154.2,696 were patients aged <18 years. Most injuries in children were unintentional and over half of children presenting with injuries were <10 years of age. Falls, animal bites/stings and road traffic injuries accounted for nearly 75% of all injuries with some (drowning, poisonings and burns) under-represented. Over half of injuries were cuts, bites and open wounds. The next most common injury types were superficial injuries (14.2%); fractures (11.1%); sprains/dislocations (9.0%). Child mortality was 1%.This is the biggest prospective injury surveillance study in a low or middle country in recent years and supports the use of injury surveillance in Nepal for reducing child morbidity and mortality through improved data.CHILD PAPER: RESULTS SECTIONTotal number of ED patients: 33046Total number of ED patient with injury: 10154 (adult=7458 & children=2696)8.2% (n=2696) patients with injury were children aged <18 yearsHetauda hospital: 2274 (84.3%)Chure hill hospital: 422 (15.7%)

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Desai, Sanjal H., Levi D. Pederson, Betsy Laplant, Raphael Mwangi, Matthew J. Maurer, Jason R. Young, William R. Macon, et al. "PET2 Response Associated with Survival in Newly Diagnosed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Results of Two Independent Prospective Cohorts." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 2508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-151276.

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Abstract Introduction: Up to 40% of newly diagnosed diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) will relapse after frontline rituximab, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (RCHOP), with subsequent poor prognosis. Identification of patients (pts) at high risk of relapse early in the treatment can allow for development of risk adapted therapies to improve outcomes. Positron Emission Tomography scan after 2 cycles of therapy (PET2) has been evaluated as a predictor of relapse but study treatments were heterogenous and results were conflicting. A substudy of CALGB 50303 trial did not find association of PET2 response by Deauville Score (DS) with survival in RCHOP and DA-EPOCH-R treated pts. In the UK National Cancer Research Institute Prospective Study, DS of 5 on PET2 predicted worse progression free survival but not overall survival (OS) in RCHOP-21 and RCHOP-14 treated pts. Here we report impact of PET2 response on outcomes in two large independent, prospective cohorts of newly diagnosed DLBCL treated homogenously with two RCHOP-based regimens of similar efficacy. Methods: Discovery was done in adult pts with DLBCL enrolled into a single arm phase 2 trial of lenalidomide plus standard RCHOP (R2CHOP) (MC078E, NCT00670358). The validation cohort comprised of adult pts with newly diagnosed DLBCL treated with standard RCHOP prospectively enrolled into the Mayo component of the University of Iowa/Mayo Clinic Molecular Epidemiology Resource (MER). Both MC078E and MER cohorts included patients who received at least 3-6 cycles of therapy and had a PET2. Pts who progressed on PET2 were excluded. End of treatment (EOT) PET was done 3-12 weeks after last cycle of therapy. The revised response criteria for malignant lymphoma (Cheson, et al 2007) was used to assess PET in MC078E. In MER, revised response criteria for malignant lymphoma (Cheson et al 2007) or Lugano classification was used, depending on era of diagnosis. Positive PET was defined as FDG uptake above background (Cheson 2007) or DS 4 or 5 (Lugano 2014). Study endpoints were event-free survival (EFS) and OS by PET2 status. Results: Out of 118 pts treated on MC078E, 102 had PET2 (MC078E). The median age at diagnosis was 64 years (range 19-87), 61 (60%) were male, 89 (87%) had advanced stage disease, 46 (45%) had international prognostic index (IPI) of 3-5. 58 (57%) were PET2 Negative (PET2-ve) and 44 (43%) were PET2 Positive (PET2+ve). At EOT PET, 83 (81%) had -ve PET and 15 (15%) had +ve PET. Out of 44 PET2+ve pts, 15 remained +ve at EOT PET. Out of 58 PET2-ve pts, 56 had EOT PET available and all were -ve. Out of 866 DLBCL pts enrolled into MER between August 2005 and June 2015, 621 were treated with RCHOP for 3-6 cycles and 272 had available PET2 (MER). The median age was 65 years (range 55-73), 152 (56%) were male, 174 (64%) had advanced stage, 103 (38%) had IPI 3-5. 186 (68%) were PET2-ve and 86 (32%) were PET2+ve. Out of 235 with EOT PET available, 182 (77%) had -ve EOT PET and 25 (11%) had +ve EOT PET. PET2+ve pts had higher odds of +ve EOT PET (OR: 17.4 (CI 95 8.3-40.0), p<0.001) and progression on EOT PET (OR: 4.3 (CI 95 1.9-10.2), p<0.001) in MER cohort. This analysis was not possible on MC078E as all PET2-ve had -ve EOT PET. In MC078E, 2-year EFS and OS were 69.5% (CI 95 61.1-79.1) and 88.1% (CI 95 82-94.7). In MER, 2-year EFS and OS were 71.6% (CI 95 67.7-76.8) and 82.3% (CI 95 79.3-85.3). Compared to PET2-ve, PET2+ve pts had significantly inferior EFS in both MC078E (HR 4.0, CI 95 2.1-7.88, p<0.0001, figure 1a) and MER (HR 2.9, CI 95 1.9-4.1, p<0.0001, figure 1c). Compared to PET2-ve , PET2+ve pts had a trend towards lower OS in MC078E (HR 2.0, CI 95 0.9-4.9, p=0.1, figure 1b) and a significantly lower OS in MER (HR 2.3, CI 95: 1.5-3.4, p<0.0001, figure 1d). In subgroup analysis of MC078E, PET2+ve pts had lower EFS and a trend towards lower OS in all subgroups except IPI 0-2 (Table 1). In MER, PET2+ve pts had lower EFS and OS in all the subgroups except stage I-II and IPI 0-2 (Table 1). Conclusions: Positive PET2 was associated with increased risk of disease progression and death in newly diagnosed DLBCL. Results of our study provide robust evidence of importance of PET2 as an early predictor DLBCL pts at high risk of progression in two independent prospective cohorts. PET2-guided risk-adapted strategies using chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies may potentially improve outcomes, should be explored in clinical trials and results of our study serve as a benchmark for such studies. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Maurer: Kite Pharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Genentech: Research Funding; Morphosys: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Nanostring: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Wang: Genentech: Research Funding; Eli Lilly: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Research Funding; MorphoSys: Research Funding; InnoCare: Research Funding; Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; LOXO Oncology: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Cerhan: Celgene/BMS: Other: Connect Lymphoma Scientific Steering Committee, Research Funding; Regeneron Genetics Center: Other: Research Collaboration; NanoString: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding. Ansell: Bristol Myers Squibb, ADC Therapeutics, Seattle Genetics, Regeneron, Affimed, AI Therapeutics, Pfizer, Trillium and Takeda: Research Funding. Habermann: Seagen: Other: Data Monitoring Committee; Incyte: Other: Scientific Advisory Board; Tess Therapeutics: Other: Data Monitoring Committee; Morphosys: Other: Scientific Advisory Board; Loxo Oncology: Other: Scientific Advisory Board; Eli Lilly & Co.,: Other: Scientific Advisor. Witzig: Celgene/BMS, Acerta Pharma, Kura Oncology, Acrotech Biopharma, Karyopharm Therapeutics: Research Funding; Karyopharm Therapeutics, Celgene/BMS, Incyte, Epizyme: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Nowakowski: Celgene, NanoString Technologies, MorphoSys: Research Funding; Celgene, MorphoSys, Genentech, Selvita, Debiopharm Group, Kite/Gilead: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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Wilma, Barcellini, Bruno Fattizzo, Anna Zaninoni, Tommaso Radice, Ilaria Nichele, Eros Di Bona, Monia Lunghi, et al. "Predictors of Outcome and Response to Therapy in Primary Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Gimema Study of 307 Patients." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 1346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1346.1346.

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Abstract Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a greatly heterogeneous condition both in terms of clinical presentation and response to treatment, usually classified as warm (WAIHA), cold (CAD), mixed, and atypical forms. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of outcome and response to therapy considering in particular the serological characteristics and the severity of anemia at onset. We evaluatedretrospectively 307 patients (112 M and 195 F, median age at diagnosis 63, range 1-97), diagnosed between 1978 and 2013 and followed-up for a median of 33 months (range 12-372); 60% of cases were WAIHA, 27% CAD, 8% mixed, and 5% atypical (14 DAT- and 1 DAT+ for IgA only). Hemoglobin values were lower in mixed (median 5.8, range 2-10.7 g/dL) atypical (6.2, 3-9), and in IgG+C3 DAT+ WAIHA (6.9, 2.9-11.5). Twenty-one subjects were diagnosed with Evans’ syndrome, the majority of them WAIHA, with a severe onset. Considering anemia at onset, 27% of cases had Hb levels <6, 36% Hb 6.1-8, 24% Hb 8.1-10, and 13% Hb>10 g/dL; the most severe cases were mainly mixed and atypical forms (P=0.0001). Regarding therapy, 47% of cases were treated with one therapy line only, 26% with two, 13% with three, and 4% with four or more lines. Sixty % of WAIHA received first line steroid therapy only, 20 CAD required no treatment, and patients with IgG+C DAT+ WAIHA, mixed, and atypical forms were more frequently treated with 2 or more therapy lines (P<0.0001); the gender- and age-adjusted cumulative incidence of relapse was significantly increased in more severe cases by Fine and Gray model (Figure). Response to steroids was observed in ~75% of cases, with lower rates in CAD and generally observed at high steroid dosages. Splenectomy (32 cases, mostly WAIHA or severe forms) had a response rate of 75%, but was ineffective in 2/3 CAD; the relapse rate was 8/24 (33%) after a median of 41 months. Regarding immunosuppressants (31 cases azathioprine, 40 cyclophosphamide, and 12 cyclosporine) the OR was 50-70% (PR 20-40), irrespective of serological type and severity of anemia, although the simultaneous administration of steroid in most cases may weaken these results; the relapse rate was 8/60 (13%) after a median of 11 months. Rituximab (55 cases at conventional, and in 19 at low doses (LD) of 100 mg /weekly x 4) had an 80% OR (35% PR). Predictors of response to LD were WAIHA, younger age, and shorter interval between diagnosis and rituximab therapy; at variance, OR to conventional doses occurred irrespectively of age, serological type, clinical severity at onset, and disease duration. The relapse rate was 5% (2/42, of whom 1 CAD) for standard and 38% (6/16, of whom 5 CAD) for LD, and relapses occurred mostly within the first year after treatment. As regards complications, infections occurred in 26 cases (10 grade 3, 11 grade 4, and 5 grade 5), irrespective of serological AIHA type and severity at onset, and of the number of therapy lines; on the contrary, they were observed more frequently in splenectomized cases. Acute renal failure was recorded in 6 cases and was not associated with AIHA clinical or serological characteristics. A thrombotic event was recorded in 11% and was associated with severe onset, higher median LDH levels, and previous splenectomy. At the time of the analysis 63 cases (21%) have died, of whom 11 because of AIHA (3.6%); death was not associated with the severity of anemia at onset, nor with the serological type of AIHA; at variance, it was associated with infections (HR 11.47, 95% CI 3.43-38.4, p=0.0004), acute renal failure (HR 17.99, 95% CI 4.73-68.40, p=0.001), Evans’ syndrome (HR 6.8, 95% CI 1.99-23.63, P=0.0074), previous splenectomy (HR 3.21, 95% CI 0.92-11.25), and multi-treatment (4 or more lines of therapy; HR 9.1, 95% CI 2.41-34.36, p=0.0076). Death was not associated with thrombotic events, nor with the type of treatment, in particular immunosuppressants or rituximab. In conclusion, we showed that AIHA cases with a severe onset, mostly mixed and atypical forms, are frequently refractory to different therapies. Although obtained retrospectively, our results suggest to put forward rituximab among second line options, given its efficacy and safety. In addition, standard rituximab doses should be preferred in CAD, whereas lower doses may be equally effective in WAIHA and mixed forms. Finally, we suggest to defer splenectomy after rituximab, given the increased risk of thromboembolism, infections and fatal outcome in splenectomized patients. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Tubay Zambrano, Fanny, María Angélica Henríquez, and Humberto Castillo Quintero. "Una mirada a la legislación y normativa vigente del género en Ecuador." Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología 25, no. 108 (March 3, 2021): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/uct.v25i108.426.

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Con el repaso de la normativa legal del género en el Ecuador, este trabajo muestra su estado actual y los avances desde una progresión teórica y práctica para construir un modelo de sociedad que tenga sus cimientos en la filosofía del buen vivir. A través de la metodología cualitativa, y del método documental se analizaron 13 instrumentos legales y 4 planes y proyectos estatales. Los resultados dan cuenta que a pesar de los importantes avances legislativos siguen existiendo falencias en materia de género en el país, pues en la práctica se requiere, por un lado, que el estado garantice el cumplimiento de la normativa, y que, por otro, que la sociedad en su conjunto la asuma responsablemente y lo haga posible. Palabras Clave: Normativa legal, sociedad, género, derechos de la mujer. Referencias [1]C. Valle, Atlas de Género, Quito: Instituto Ecuatoriano de Estadísticas y Censos, 2018. [2]L. M. Martínez y T. Escapa, Guía de formación para la participación social y política de las mujeres: manual de la alumna, Extremadura: Instituto de la mujer, 2009. [3]J. Bluter, Gender trouble, feminist theory, and psychoanalytic discourse. Feminism/ post-modernism, California: Siglo XXI, 1990. [4]S. Castellví, “Estereotipos jurídicos y género: análisis conceptual, jurídico y político-moral del impacto de los estereotipos de género” M.S. thesis, Universidad de Barcelona, España, 2018. [5]S. Federici, Caliban y la Bruja. Editorial Traficante de Sueños, Madrid: Traficante de sueños, 2004. [6]B. Risman, «Gender as a social structure: Theory wrestling with activism,» Gerder & Society, vol. 18, nº4, pp. 429-450, 2004. [7]ONU, «Organización de Naciones Unidas,» 25 septiembre 2015. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/es/2015. [Último acceso: 18 agosto 2020]. [8]J. Scott, El género, una categoría útil para el análisis del, Oxford: Oxford Press, 1986. [9]R. Connell, Gender and power: Society, the person and sexual politics, John Wiley & Sons., 2013. [10]M. Foucault, Estrategias de poder, Argentina: Ediciones Paidós Ibericas S.A. Colección obras especiales, 1999. [11]P. Bourdieu, « El espacio social y la génesis de las" clases",» Sociología y cultura, vol. 7, nº 3, pp. 27-55,1989. [12]A. Goetschel, Orígenes del feminismo en el Ecuador, Quito: FLACSO, 2006. [13]H. Arendt, «Las perplejidades de los Derechos del Hombre,» Los orígenes del totalitarismo, Madrid, Alianza, 1987, pp. 412-427. [14]M. Lagarde, «La multidimensionalidad de la categoría género y del feminismo.,» de Metodología para los estudios de Género, México, UNAM, 1996, pp. 48-71. [15]E. Gudynas y A. Acosta, «El buen vivir más allá del desarrollo,» Revista Quehacer, nº 181, pp. 70-83, 2011. [16]Senplades, Plan Toda una vida. Plan Nacional de Desarrollo (2017-2021), Quito: Secretaría Técnica Planifica Ecuador, 2017. [17]A. Quijano, Colonialidad del poder y subjetividad en América Latina, Buenos Aires: Clacso, 2015. [18]Ministerio de Educación-Ecuador, «Educación para la democracia y el buen vivir,» Mineduc, S/F. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://educacion.gob.ec/que-es-elbuen-vivir/. [Último acceso: 18 noviembre 2020]. [19]M. Villagómez & R. Cuhna, « Buen vivir y educación para la práctica de la interculturalidad en el Ecuador. Otras prácticas pedagógicas necesarias,» Alteridad, vol. 9, nº 1, pp. 35-42, 2014. [20]Asamblea Nacional Constituyente, Constitución de la República de Ecuador, Montecristi, 2008. [21]B. Hoyos, Un Modelo para Investigación Documental: Guía teórico práctica sobre construcción de Estados del Arte con importantes reflexiones sobre investigación, Medellín: Librería Señal Editora, 2000. [22]A. Botero, «La metodología documental en la investigación jurídica: alcances y perspectivas,» Opinión jurídica, vol. 2, nº 4, pp. 109-116, 2003. [23]CEPAL, «Pactos para la igualdad,» CEPAL, Buenos Aires, 2016. [24]J. Lorber, «Gender inequality: Feminist theories and politics,» Roxburiy, Albany, 2001. [25]A. Vásconez, Mujeres y protección social en Ecuador, Quito: MIES, 2014. [26]N. Yuval-Davis, «Gender and Nation,» SAGE Journals, vol. 16, nº 4, pp. 621-632, 1997. [27]D. De Dios-Vallejo, «Equidad de género y embarazo., » Perinotalogía y reproducción humana., vol. 28, nº2, pp. 71-78, 2014. [28]Gobierno de Ecuador, Ley Contra la Violencia a la Mujer y la Familia-Ley 103, Quito, 1995. [29]Gobierno de Ecuador, Código de la Niñez y la Adolescencia. (97) publicado por la ley N°101, Quito, 2003. [30]Ministerio de Relaciones Laborales, Código del Trabajo, Quito, 2005. [31]Gobierno de Ecuador, Ley Orgánica del Consejo de Participación Ciudadana, Quito, 2009. [32]Gobierno de Ecuador, Ley Orgánica Electoral. Organizaciones Políticas de la República del Ecuador, Código de la Democracia, Quito, 2009. [33]Gobierno de Ecuador, Ley Orgánica de la Función Legislativa, Quito, 2009. [34]Gobierno de Ecuador, Código Orgánico Organización Territorial Autonomía Descentralización, Quito, 2010. [35]Gobierno de Ecuador, Código Orgánico de Planificación y Finanzas Públicas, Quito,2010. [36] Asamblea Nacional de Ecuador, Ley Orgá-nica de Educación Intercultural, Quito, 2011. [37]Asamblea Nacional de Ecuador, Ley Orgánica de Comunicación, Quito, 2013. [38]Asamblea Nacional de Ecuador, Código Integral Penal, Quito, 2013. [39]Asamblea Nacional de Ecuador, Ley Orgánica para la Igualdad. Ley Orgánica de los Consejos Nacionales para la Igualdad, Quito, 2014. [40]Asamblea Nacional de Ecuador, Ley Orgánica Integral para Prevenir y Erradicar la Violencia Contra las Mujeres, Quito, 2018. [41]Ministerio de Justicia, Plan Nacional de Erradicación de la Violencia Intrafamiliar y de Género, hacia la Niñez, Adolescencia y Mujeres., Quito, 2007. [42]Ministerio de Inclusión, Plan Nacional de erradicación de Delitos Sexuales en el Ámbito Educativo, Quito, 2008. [43]Gobierno de Ecuador, Agenda Nacional de las Mujeres y la Igualdad de Género 2012-2017, Quito, 2012.

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Qolbi, A'yun, and Raditya Sukmana. "DETERMINAN NIATAN MAHASISWA TERHADAP WAKAF TUNAI SECARA ONLINE MENGGUNAKAN MODIFIKASI TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol9iss20221pp78-91.

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ABSTRAKTujuan dari Penelitian ini adalah menguji pengaruh kepercayaan dan citra website yang diintegrasikan dengan persepsi kemudahan penggunaan dan persepsi kebermanfaatan pada niatan seorang mahasiswa dalam membayar wakaf secara online, yang menjadikan penelitian ini berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya adalah penggunaan citra website sebagai determinan niatan mahasiswa dalam menggunakan layanan wakaf online ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode SEM-PLS serta melibatkan responden sebesar 100 responden dengan menggunakan Purposive Sampling dengan kriteria seorang muslim usia 18-35 dan seorang mahasiswa. Software analisis untuk mengolah data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Smartpls 3.3, untuk data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner online menggunakan skala likert 1 sampai 5, dengan keterangan sangat setuju hingga tidak setuju. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan, citra website, kebermanfaatan aplikasi, dan kemudahan penggunaan berhubungan signifikan terhadap niat penggunaan wakaf online. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan tambahan pengetahuan terutama dalam ilmu pemasaran Islam terkait penggunaan behavioral intention dalam penggunaan layanan wakaf online, serta diharapkan penelitian ini dapat memberikan masukan bagi manajemen lembaga donasi terutama nazir untuk lebih memperhatikan kemudahan penggunaan konsumen, manfaat yang dirasakan, kepercayaan lembaga, citra perusahaan serta niat dalam menggunakan layanan wakaf secara online.Kata kunci: Wakaf online, technology acceptance model, trust, image. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of trust and website image, which is integrated with perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, on a student's intention to pay waqf online. What makes this research different from previous research is using website images to determine student intention in using this online waqf service. This study uses a quantitative approach with the SEM-PLS method and involves 100 respondents using purposive sampling with the criteria of a Muslim aged 18-35 and a student. The analysis software to process data in this study used Smartpls 3.3 for data obtained using an online questionnaire using a Likert scale of 1 to 5, with statements strongly agreeing to disagree. This study indicates that trust, website image, application usefulness, and ease of use are significantly related to the intention to use online waqf. The implications of the results of this study are expected to provide additional knowledge, especially in Islamic marketing related to the use of behavioral intention in the use of online waqf services. It is hoped that this research can provide input for the management of donation institutions, especially Nazir, to pay more attention to consumers' ease of use, perceived benefits, and institutional trust., corporate image and intention to use online waqf services.Keywords: online waqf, technology acceptance model, trust, image. DAFTAR PUSTAKAAbdul Shukor, S., Johari, F., Abd Wahab, K., Kefeli Zulkefli, Z., Ahmad, N., Haji Alias, M., Abdul Rahman, A., Mohd Orip, N. M., Ibrahim, P., & Abu-Hussin, M. F. (2019). Trust on awqaf institutions: evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 10(2), 511–524. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-05-2017-0054Ahn, J. chang, Sura, S., & An, J. C. (2018). Intention to donate via social network sites (SNSs): A comparison study between Malaysian and South Korean users. Information Technology and People, 31(4), 910–926. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-12-2015-0307Aldeen, K. N., Ratih, I. S., & Herianingrum, S. (2020). Contemporary issues on cash waqf: A thematic literature review. International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance (IJIEF), 3(3), 119–144. https://doi.org/10.18196/ijief.3236Alrubaiee, L. S., Aladwan, S., Abu Joma, M. H., Idris, W. M., & Khater, S. (2017). Relationship between corporate social responsibility and marketing performance: The mediating effect of customer value and corporate image. International Business Research, 10(2), 104. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v10n2p104Bailey, A. A., Pentina, I., Mishra, A. S., & Ben Mimoun, M. S. (2017). Mobile payments adoption by US consumers: An extended TAM. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 45(6), 626–640. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-08-2016-0144Berakon, I., Aji, H. M., & Hafizi, M. R. (2021). Impact of digital sharia banking systems on cash-waqf among Indonesian Muslim youth. Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-11-2020-0337Blagoeva, K. T., & Mijoska, M. (2017). Applying TAM to study online shopping adoption among youth in the republic of Macedonia. Genetika, 46(3), 27–32.Eneizan, B., Alsaad, A., Alkhawaldeh, A., Rawash, H. N., & Enaizan, O. (2020). E-WOM, trust, usefulness, ease of use, and online shopping via websites: The moderating role of online shopping experience. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 98(13), 2554–2565.Faisal, M., Yusof, M., Alam, S., Faiz, M., Yusof, M., Alam, S., Hasarudin, M. H., Alam, S., Romli, N., Lumpur, K., Terms, G., & Statement, P. (2014). Cash waqf and infaq: A proposed e-philanthropy in Malaysia. Jurnal Kemanusiaan, 12(1), 1–10.Hair Jr., J. F., Gabriel, M. L. D. da S., & Patel, V. K. (2014). Modelagem de equações estruturais baseada em covariância (CB-SEM) com o AMOS: Orientações sobre a sua aplicação como uma Ferramenta de Pesquisa de Marketing. Revista Brasileira de Marketing, 13(2), 44–55. https://doi.org/10.5585/remark.v13i2.2718Indahsari, K., Burhan, M. U., Ashar, K., & Multifiah. (2014). Determinants of individual Muslim behaviour in accomplishing zakah, infaq, shadaqah and waqf through amil institution. International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies, 7(4), 346–365. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEPEE.2014.066627Iskandar, M., Hartoyo, H., & Hermadi, I. (2020). Analysis of factors affecting behavioral intention and use of behavioral of mobile banking using unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 model approach. International Review of Management and Marketing, 10(2), 41–49. https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.9292Joseph, S. (2014). Waqf in historical perspective: Online fatāwā and contemporary discourses by muslim scholars. Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, 34(4), 425–437. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2014.965974Kasri, R. A., & Chaerunnisa, S. R. (2021). The role of knowledge, trust, and religiosity in explaining the online cash waqf amongst Muslim millennials. Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-04-2020-0101Klopping, I. M., & Mckinney, E. (2004). Extending the technology acceptance model and the task-technology fit model to consumer e-commerce. Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal, 22(1), 35–48.Lubis, H. (2020). Potensi dan strategi pengembangan wakaf uang di indonesia. IBF: Islamic Business and Finance, 1(1), 43–59.Masrikhan, M. (2019). Optimalisasi potensi wakaf di era digital melalui platform online wakafin.com dengan konsep crowdfunding sebagai penggerak ekonomi masyarakat. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 1, 1–12.Mohd Thas Thaker, M. A. Bin. (2018). Factors influencing the adoption of the crowdfunding-waqf model (CWM) in the waqf land development. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 9(3), 578–597. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-05-2016-0043Mohd Thas Thaker, M. A., Mohd Thas Thaker, H., A.Pitchay, A., & Khaliq, A. (2019). A proposed integrated zakat-crowdfunding model (IZCM) for effective collection and distribution of zakat fund in Malaysia. International Journal of Zakat and Islamic Philanthropy, 1(2), 1–12.Niswah, F. M., Mutmainah, L., & Legowati, D. A. (2019). Muslim millennial’s intention of donating for charity using fintech platform. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 5(3), 623–644. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v5i3.1080Nour Aldeen, K., Ratih, I. S., & Sari Pertiwi, R. (2021). Cash waqf from the millennials’ perspective: a case of Indonesia. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, ahead-of-p(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/ijif-10-2020-0223Phatthana, W., & Mat, N. K. N. (2011). The application of technology acceptance model (TAM) on health tourism e-purchase intention predictors in Thailand. 2010 International Conference on Business and Economics Research, 1, 196–199. http://www.ipedr.com/vol1/43-B10046.pdfRaza, S. A., Shah, N., & Ali, M. (2019). Acceptance of mobile banking in Islamic banks: Evidence from modified UTAUT model. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 10(1), 357–376. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-04-2017-0038Rybaczewska, M., Sparks, L., & Sułkowski, Ł. (2020). Consumers’ purchase decisions and employer image. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 55(October 2019), 0–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102123Sabri, F. A. (2014). Wakaf uang (Sebuah alternatif dalam upaya menyejahterakan masyarakat). AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial, 8(1), 40–54. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v8i1.339Shaikh, I. M., Qureshi, M. A., Noordin, K., Shaikh, J. M., Khan, A., & Shahbaz, M. S. (2020). Acceptance of Islamic financial technology (FinTech) banking services by Malaysian users: An extension of technology acceptance model. Foresight, 22(3), 367–383. https://doi.org/10.1108/FS-12-2019-0105Singh, S., Sahni, M. M., & Kovid, R. K. (2020). What drives fintech adoption? A multi-method evaluation using an adapted technology acceptance model. Management Decision, 58(8), 1675–1697. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-09-2019-1318Sohn, S. (2017). A contextual perspective on consumers’ perceived usefulness: The case of mobile online shopping. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 38(May), 22–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2017.05.002Usman, H., Mulia, D., Chairy, C., & Widowati, N. (2020). Integrating trust, religiosity and image into technology acceptance model: the case of the Islamic philanthropy in Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-01-2020-0020Victoria, O. A., Pujirahayu, E. W., Khisni, A., & Ong, R. (2019). Law development of waqf al-nuqud (Cash waqf) towards electronic waqf (E-waqf) based on public welfare. LDJ: Law Development Journal, 1(1), 13–17.Wadi, D. A., & Nurzaman, M. S. (2020). Millennials behaviour towards digital waqf innovation. International Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance (IJIEF), 3(3), 1–30. https://doi.org/10.18196/ijief.3232Wong, K. K. K.-K. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques using SmartPLS. Marketing Bulletin, 24(1), 1–32. Retrieved from http://marketing-bulletin.massey.ac.nz/v24/mb_v24_t1_wong.pdf%5Cnhttp://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ken_Wong10/publication/268449353_Partial_Least_Squares_Structural_Equation_Modeling_(PLS-SEM)_Techniques_Using_SmartPLS/links/54773b1b0cf293e2da25e3f3.pdfZhang, E. M. (2010). Understanding the acceptance of mobile SMS advertising among young chinese consumers. Psychology & Marketing, 30(6), 461–469. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar

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Brown, Jennifer R., John C. Byrd, Paolo Ghia, Jeff P. Sharman, Peter Hillmen, Deborah M. Stephens, Clare Sun, et al. "Pooled Analysis of Cardiovascular Events from Clinical Trials Evaluating Acalabrutinib Monotherapy in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-134797.

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Background: Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors are effective treatments for B-cell malignancies, but an increased incidence of cardiovascular (CV) toxicities has been observed with ibrutinib. Acalabrutinib (acala) is a next-generation, potent, highly selective, covalent BTK inhibitor approved for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma. The objective of this analysis was to characterize CV adverse events (AEs) in patients (pts) with CLL who received acala monotherapy. Methods: Data from pts with CLL in 4 studies (ACE-CL-001 [NCT02029443]; ACE-CL-007 [ELEVATE-TN, NCT02475681]; ACE-CL-309 [ASCEND, NCT02970318]; 15-H-0016 [NCT02337829]) were pooled. Cutoff dates ranged from December 2018 to February 2019. Pts who received ≥1 dose of acala monotherapy were included. For pts who crossed over from control arms to acala, only AEs recorded after crossover were included. Acala was given orally at total daily doses of 100 mg to 400 mg, later switched to 100 mg twice daily, and continued until disease progression (PD) or toxicity. Cardiac AEs and hypertension (htn) were examined. Results: 762 pts were included (treatment-naïve: n=352 [46%]; relapsed/refractory: n=410 [54%]; median age: 67 years [range: 32-89]; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤1: 93%; median acala exposure: 24.9 mo [range: 0-58.5]; median follow-up: 25.9 mo [range: 0-58.5]). A total of 199 cardiac AEs of any grade (irrespective of treatment relationship) were reported in 129 pts (17%). Cardiac AEs led to treatment discontinuation in 7 pts (0.9%). The most frequent cardiac AEs reported in ≥2% of pts were atrial fibrillation (afib: n=34; 4%; afib/flutter: n=38; 5%), palpitations (n=23; 3%), and tachycardia (n=17; 2%). The median time to afib/flutter onset was 521 days (range: 8-1280). Overall, 91% (117/129) of pts with vs 79% (503/633) without cardiac AEs had ≥1 CV risk factor before acala initiation. The most prevalent CV risk factors (≥20%) among the 129 pts with cardiac AEs were htn (n=86; 67%), hyperlipidemia (n=38; 29%), and arrhythmias (n=29; 22% [afib: n=16; 12%]). Htn AEs were reported in 9% (67/762) of pts, among whom 46 (69%) had pre-existing htn and 18 (27%) had htn risk factors. The median time to htn onset was 197 days (range: 2-1345). Thirty-seven pts (4%) had 51 grade ≥3 cardiac AEs (grade 3: n=37; grade 4: n=12; grade 5: n=2). Grade ≥3 cardiac AEs of interest included afib (n=10; 1.3%), complete atrioventricular (AV) block (n=2; 0.3%), acute coronary syndrome (n=1; 0.1%), atrial flutter (n=1; 0.1%), second degree AV block (n=1; 0.1%), and ventricular fibrillation (n=1; 0.1%). Two patients experienced grade 5 AEs (cardiac failure congestive [n=1], acute myocardial infarction [n=1]). Among the 37 pts with grade ≥3 AEs, 18 (49%) were continuing acala at data cutoff; 6 (16%) had discontinued due to the grade ≥3 cardiac AEs, 4 (11%) to other AEs, 5 (14%) to PD, 3 (8%) to death, and 1 (3%) to other reasons. Among the 51 grade ≥3 cardiac AEs, 16 (31%) led to dose delay and 36 (71%) were managed with concomitant medications. Most events (43/51 [84%]) resolved (dose delay: n=15; drug withdrawal: n=4; no dose change: n=24). Cardiac AEs occurring in the first 6 mo on acala were assessed based on a predominance of AEs (afib) during this time period with ibrutinib (Brown JR, et al, Haematologica. 2017;102:1796). Overall, 48% of pts with any-grade cardiac AEs experienced them in the first 6 mo on acala. Thirteen grade ≥3 cardiac AEs (25% of total) were observed in 9 pts in the first 6 mo (Table); all but 1 AE (grade 4 cardiac tamponade resulting in hospitalization) were managed with concomitant medications. Two of the 13 AEs resulted in treatment discontinuation (Table). Conclusions: At a median exposure of 24.9 mo, cardiac AEs occurred infrequently in pts with CLL treated with acala monotherapy; only 0.9% discontinued treatment due to cardiac AEs. Among grade ≥3 cardiac AEs, 25% were reported during the first 6 mo on treatment. Most pts with cardiac AEs had pre-existing risk factors that may have contributed to their development. The incidence of afib with acala (4%) was comparable to that of the general CLL population (6.1%; Shanafelt TD, et al. Leuk Lymphoma. 2017;58:1630). These data suggest a low risk of cardiac AEs with acala treatment in pts with CLL. The safety of acala vs ibrutinib in pts with high-risk CLL will be investigated in the phase 3, randomized ACE-CL-006 trial (NCT02477696). Disclosures Brown: Janssen, Teva: Speakers Bureau; Abbvie, Acerta, AstraZeneca, Beigene, Invectys, Juno/Celgene, Kite, Morphosys, Novartis, Octapharma, Pharmacyclics, Sunesis, TG Therapeutics, Verastem: Consultancy; Gilead, Loxo, Sun, Verastem: Research Funding. Byrd:Acerta Pharma: Research Funding; Syndax: Research Funding; Leukemia and Lymphoma Society: Other; Trillium: Research Funding; Kartos Therapeutics: Research Funding; Vincera: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company, Gilead, TG Therapeutics, BeiGene: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company, Gilead, TG Therapeutics, Novartis, Janssen: Speakers Bureau; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company, Janssen, Novartis, Gilead, TG Therapeutics: Other. Ghia:Adaptive, Dynamo: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Research Funding; Acerta/AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria; ArQule: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; BeiGene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Research Funding; Celgene/Juno: Consultancy, Honoraria; Lilly: Consultancy, Honoraria; MEI: Consultancy, Honoraria; Sunesis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Research Funding. Sharman:TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Acerta: Consultancy, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bristol Meyers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; BeiGene: Research Funding. Hillmen:F. Hoffmann-La Roche: Honoraria, Research Funding; Astra Zeneca: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; AbbVie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: TRAVEL, ACCOMMODATIONS, EXPENSES (paid by any for-profit health care company), Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding. Stephens:MingSight: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; Arqule: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; Verastem: Research Funding; Beigene: Consultancy; Juno: Research Funding; Innate: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy. Sun:VERASTEM, GENMAB: Research Funding. Jurczak:Janssen, MeiPharma, Merck, Pharmacyclics, Roche, Tekeda, TG Therapeutics: Research Funding; Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology: Consultancy, Current Employment; Jagiellonian University: Ended employment in the past 24 months, Research Funding. Patel:AstraZeneca: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Baek:Acerta Pharma: Current Employment. Lezhava:Astra Zeneca: Current Employment; Melinta Therapeutics Inc: Ended employment in the past 24 months. Kuptsova-Clarkson:AstraZeneca: Current Employment. Moslehi:AstraZeneca, Janssen, BMS, Boston Biomedical, Immunocure, Myovant, Boston Biomedical, Deciphera: Consultancy. Furman:Acerta: Consultancy; Abbvie: Consultancy; Verastem: Consultancy; Sunesis: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy; Oncotarget: Consultancy; Loxo Oncology: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Consultancy; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding; Beigene: Consultancy; Genentech: Consultancy.

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Musa, Safuri, and Sri Nurhayati. "Understanding Parental Health Literacy for Clean and Healthy Behavior in Early Childhood During the Covid-19 Pandemic." JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 14, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 352–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.142.13.

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In the COVID-19 pandemic scenario, parents need to be familiar with health literacy by applying clean and healthy living habits to their family members, especially those with early childhood. This study aims to explain parents' perceptions of health literacy for a clean and healthy behavior in their children during the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used in this study is a cross-sectional study involving 22 men and 62 female respondents. Respondent requirements were used in data analysis to determine parents' perceptions of health literacy and the efforts they have made to practice clean and healthy lifestyle in their children. The research findings show that knowing the health awareness of parents has an impact on a child's balanced lifestyle. Based on six measures of clean and healthy behavior for children, three indicators were determined in the category of discipline and high discipline: using clean water, using the toilet, and doing physical activity. The act of washing children's hands with soap indicators has a high discipline score and the use of masks in children has low discipline. If the use of masks is not disciplined by parents, exposure to COVID-19 in early childhood can be disrupted. Keywords: Early Childhood, Parental health literacy, Clean and healthy behaviors References: Abuhammad, S. (2021). Parents’ knowledge and attitude towards COVID‐19 in children: A Jordanian Study. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 75(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13671 Bauza, V., Sclar, G. D., Bisoyi, A., Majorin, F., Ghugey, A., & Clasen, T. (2021). Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices and challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in rural Odisha, India [Preprint]. Epidemiology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.26.21250274 Berkman, N. D., Sheridan, S. L., Donahue, K. E., Halpern, D. J., & Crotty, K. (2011). Low Health Literacy and Health Outcomes: An Updated Systematic Review. Annals of Internal Medicine, 155(2), 97. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-2-201107190-00005 Bröder, J., Okan, O., Bauer, U., Schlupp, S., & Pinheiro, P. (2020). Advancing perspectives on health literacy in childhood and youth. Health Promotion International, 35(3), 575–585. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daz041 Center for Disease ontrol and Prevention (CDC). (2019). How to Protect Yourself and Others. https://www.cdc.gov/ Chanchlani, N., Buchanan, F., & Gill, P. J. (2020). Addressing the indirect effects of COVID-19 on the health of children and young people. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 192(32), E921–E927. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.201008 Clouston, S. A. P., Manganello, J. A., & Richards, M. (2016). A life course approach to health literacy: The role of gender, educational attainment and lifetime cognitive capability. Age and Ageing, ageing; afw229v1. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afw229 Cooper, A. (2019). Health in the eyes of young people. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 3(5), 299. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30085-9 Duplaga, M. (2020). Determinants and Consequences of Limited Health Literacy in Polish Society. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(2), 642. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020642 Duplaga, M., & Grysztar, M. (2021). The Association between Future Anxiety, Health Literacy and the Perception of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare, 9(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9010043 Gagliardi, A. R., Berta, W., Kothari, A., Boyko, J., & Urquhart, R. (2015). Integrated knowledge translation (IKT) in health care: A scoping review. Implementation Science, 11(1), 38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-016-0399-1 Humphrys, E., Burt, J., Rubin, G., Emery, J. D., & Walter, F. M. (2019). The influence of health literacy on the timely diagnosis of symptomatic cancer: A systematic review. European Journal of Cancer Care, 28(1), e12920. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12920 Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2011). Pedoman Pembinaan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS). Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Lee, P.-I., Hu, Y.-L., Chen, P.-Y., Huang, Y.-C., & Hsueh, P.-R. (2020). Are children less susceptible to COVID-19? Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, 53(3), 371–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.02.011 Nutbeam, D. (1998). Health promotion glossary. 13(4), 16. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/13.4.349 O’Conor, R., Muellers, K., Arvanitis, M., Vicencio, D. P., Wolf, M. S., Wisnivesky, J. P., & Federman, A. D. (2019). Effects of health literacy and cognitive abilities on COPD self-management behaviors: A prospective cohort study. Respiratory Medicine, 160, 105630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2019.02.006 Okan, O. (2019). The importance of early childhood in addressing equity and health literacy development in the life-course. 5(2), 8. Sentell, T., Vamos, S., & Okan, O. (2020). Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Health Literacy Research Around the World: More Important Than Ever in a Time of COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3010. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093010 Sørensen, K., Pelikan, J. M., Röthlin, F., Ganahl, K., Slonska, Z., Doyle, G., Fullam, J., Kondilis, B., Agrafiotis, D., Uiters, E., Falcon, M., Mensing, M., Tchamov, K., Broucke, S. van den, & Brand, H. (2015). Health literacy in Europe: Comparative results of the European health literacy survey (HLS-EU). The European Journal of Public Health, 25(6), 1053–1058. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckv043 Sørensen, K., Van den Broucke, S., Pelikan, J. M., Fullam, J., Doyle, G., Slonska, Z., Kondilis, B., Stoffels, V., Osborne, R. H., & Brand, H. (2013). Measuring health literacy in populations: Illuminating the design and development process of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q). BMC Public Health, 13(1), 948. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-948 Toussaint, L. L., Cheadle, A. D., Fox, J., & Williams, D. R. (2020). Clean and Contain: Initial Development of a Measure of Infection Prevention Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 54(9), 619–625. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaaa064 Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., McIntyre, R. S., Choo, F. N., Tran, B., Ho, R., Sharma, V. K., & Ho, C. (2020). A longitudinal study on the mental health of general population during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 87, 40–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.028 Weston, D., Hauck, K., & Amlôt, R. (2018). Infection prevention behaviour and infectious disease modelling: A review of the literature and recommendations for the future. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 336. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5223-1 Zaben, K., & Khalil, A. (2019). Health Literacy, Self-Care Behavior and Quality of Life in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: An Integrative Review. Open Journal of Nursing, 09(04), 383–395. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojn.2019.94035

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Ruiz, Yadira, Viviana Valenzuela, and Julio Tapia. "EL CONTROL INTERNO COMO INSTRUMENTO DE GESTIÓN DE LIQUIDEZ EMPRESARIAL: UN ANÁLISIS META-ANALÍTICO EN EL CANTÓN LATACUNGA." Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología 24, no. 106 (November 15, 2020): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/uct.v24i106.389.

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En las organizaciones se presentan varias debilidades vulnerables en los sistemas de control interno y en la manera en que las empresas gestionan su liquidez, de modo, que el control interno debe garantizar la efectividad de los objetivos económicos empresariales. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el constructo teórico del control interno mediante el modelo COSO, a través de un análisis meta-analítico. Adicionalmente, se aplicó la técnica estadística de meta-análisis, con el fin de evaluar el nivel de significancia y su sesgo de error, por tal razón se direccionó bajo un diseño metodológico mixto. Los resultados revelaron que el factor ambiente de control, es descuidado por parte de las organizaciones debido al empirismo que maneja el directorio administrativo de las pequeñas y medianas empresas. Se concluye que el modelo COSO, si mantiene relación consistente con el control interno y la gestión de liquidez empresarial. Palabras Clave: control interno, liquidez, gestión empresarial. Referencias [1]A. I. Calderón Peña y K. J. Jáuregui Salcedo, «El control interno y su relación con el cumplimiento de las obligaciones tributarias en las empresas comerciales,Chaclacayo, 2015,» Revista de Investigación Universitaria, vol. 5, nº 1, pp. 32-27, 2016. [2]H. Almeida, M. Campello, I. Cunha y M. S. Weisbach, «Corporate Liquidity Management: A conceptual Framework and Survey» El Annual Review of FinancialEconomics, vol. 6, pp. 135-162, 2014. [3]R. M. Cedeño Zambrano y L. M. Morell González, La gestión de riesgos en Ecuador: una aproximaciónevolutiva desde el control interno,» Cofín Habana., vol.12, nº 2, pp. 306-318, 2018. [4]M. P. Suntasig Tigse, El control interno del proceso de concesión de créditos y cobranzasy su incidencia en la liquidez de la empresa cereales La Pradera de la parroquia Belisario Quevedo, en el primer trimestre del año 2014, Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, 2014. [5]L. Graham, Internal Control Audit and Compliance, Canadá: JohnWiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published, 2015. [6]S. Mantilla, Auditoría del control interno (3a. ed.), México: ECOE, 2013. [7]N. Viloria, «Factores que inciden en el sistema de control interno de una organización.,» Actualidad Contable Faces, vol. 8, nº 11, pp. 87-92, 2005. [8]M. Samuel, Internal Control- Integrated Framework.,México: ECOE, 2008. [9]R. Estupiñán Gaitán, Administración de riesgos E.R.M. y la auditoría interna, 2006. [10]G. Rivas Márquez, «Modelos contemporáneos de control interno. Fundamentos teóricos,» Observatorio Laboral Revista Venezolana, vol. 4, nº 8, pp. 115-136, 2011. [11]S. A. Mantilla B, Control Interno Informe COSO, 2017. [12]L. R. Sánchez Sánchez, «COSO ERM y la Gestión de Riesgos.,» QUIPUKAMAYOC Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Contables, vol. 23, nº 44, pp. 43-50, 2015. [13]M. E. Vivanco Vergara, «Los manuales de procedimientos como herramientas de control interno de una organización,» vol. 9, pp. 313-318, 2017. [14]A. L. Quispe Otoma, M. P. Padilla Matínez y J. A. Telot, «Tecnologías de información y comunicación en la gestión empresarial de pymes comerciales,» vol. XXXVIII, nº 1, pp. 81-92, 2017. [15]I. Domínguez García, «Evolución de la teoría sobre el análisis y gestión de la liquidez empresarial,» vol. 9, nº 1, pp. 66-80, 2015. [16]L. Gitman y C. Zutter, Prinpios de administración financiera, México, 2012. [17]F. Madrigal, S. Ayala y L. Chávez, «Análisis e interpretaciónde estados financieros en condiciones de incertidumbre,» vol. 2, p. 380, 2015. [18]J. Sánchez, «Cómo realizar una revisión sistemática y un meta-análisis,» Aula abierta, vol. 38, nº 2, pp. 53-64, 2010. [19]D. Ojeda y J. Wurth, «Qué es un Meta análisis ?,»Revista Chilena de Anestesía, nº 43, pp. 343-350, 2014. [20]J. A. González, E. Cobo y M. Villaró, «Revisión sistemática y meta-análisis,» Bioestadistica para no estadísticos, pp. 1-42, 2014. [21]E. Osadchy y E. M. Akhmetshin, «Development of the financial control system in the company in crisis,» Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 6, nº552, pp. 390-398, 2015. [22]I. C. Asubadin Azubadin, Control interno del Proceso de compras y su incidencia en la liquidez de la empresa comercial Yucailla Cia. Ltda. Latacunga durante el año 2010”, Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Ambato, 2011. [23]J. C. Viera Quishpe, Diseño de un sistema de control interno administrativo y contable para el laboratorio autoservicio diésel de la sierra, ubicado en la ciudad de Latacunga, Latacunga: Universidad Central del Ecuador, 2015. [24]M. Nava Rosillón, «Análisis financiero: una herramienta clave para una gestión financiera eficiente.,» Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, vol. 14, nº 48, pp. 606-628, 2009. [25]S. P. Guayaquil Villarroel, El control interno y la razonabilidad de la información financiera en el Centro Comercial Popular de la ciudad de Latacunga en los locales comerciales de calzado en el período Enero - Junio 2016, Latacunga: Universidad Técnica de Ambato, 2015. [26]A. Masli, G. E. Peters, V. J. Richardson y J. Sanchez, «Examining the potential benefits of internal control monitoring technology, » Accounting Review, vol.85, nº 3, pp. 1001-1034, 2010. [27]D. C. Chasi Toca, “Gestión de riesgos y su incidencia en el control interno en el departamento financiero de la florícola fegacón cía. Ltda. Parroquia Joseguango bajo, cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi”, Latacunga: Universidad Técnica De Cotopaxi Facultad, 2017.

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Квітіньйо Макарена Мартінез, Соріано Федеріко Ґонзало, Яйченко Вірджинія, Стіб Бренда, and Барейро Хуан Пабло. "Predictors of Picture Naming and Picture Categorization in Spanish." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2019.6.1.cui.

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The aim of this paper was to identify which psycholinguistic variables are better predictors of performance for healthy participants in a picture naming task and in a picture categorization task. A correlation analysis and a Path analysis were carried out. The correlation analysis showed that naming accuracy and naming latency are significant and positively correlated with lexical frequency and conceptual familiarity variables, whereas they are negatively correlated with H index. Reaction times in the categorization task were negatively correlated with lexical frequency and conceptual familiarity variables and positively correlated with visual complexity variable. The Path analysis showed that subjective lexical frequency and H index are the better predictors for picture naming task. In picture categorization task, for reaction times, the better predictor variables were subjective lexical frequency, conceptual familiarity and visual complexity. These findings are discussed considering previous works on the field. References Akinina, Y., Malyutina, S., Ivanova, M., Iskra, E., Mannova, E., & Dragoy, O. (2015). Russian normative data for 375 action pictures and verbs. Behavior research methods, 47(3), 691-707. doi: 10.3758/s13428-014-0492-9 Alario, F. X., & Ferrand, L. (1999). A set of 400 pictures standardized for French: Norms for name agreement, image agreement, familiarity, visual complexity, image variability, and age of acquisition. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 31(3), 531-552. Alario, F. X., Ferrand, L., Lagnaro, M., New, B., Frauenfelder, U. H., & Seguí, J. (2004). Predictors of picture naming speed. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers, 36, 140-155. doi: 10.3758/BF03195559 Albanese, E., Capitani, E., Barbarotto, R., & Laiacona, M. (2000). Semantic category dissociations, familiarity and gender. Cortex, 36, 733-746. Almeida, J., Knobel, M., Finkbeiner, M., & Caramazza, A. (2007). The locus of the frequency effect in picture naming: When recognizing is not enough. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(6), 1177-1182. Arbuckle, J. L. (2003). AMOS 5.0. Chicago: SmallWaters. Bakhtiar, M., & Weekes, B. (2015). Lexico-semantic effects on word naming in Persian: Does age of acquisition have an effect? Memory & Cognition, 43(2), 298-313. doi: 10.3758/s13421-014-0472-4 Balota, D. A., Pilotti, M., & Cortese, J. M. (2001). Subjective frequency estimates for 2,938 monosyllabic words. Memory & Cognition, 29, 639-647. doi: 10.3758/BF03200465 Barbón, A., & Cuetos, F. (2006). Efectos de la Edad de Adquisición en tareas de Categorización Semántica. Psicológica, 27, 207-223. Barca, L., Burani, C., & Arduino, L. (2002). Word naming times and psycholinguistic norms for Italian nouns. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers, 34(3), 424-434. Barry, C., Morrison, C. M., & Ellis, A. W. (1997). Naming the Snodgrass and Vanderwart pictures: Effects of age of acquisition, frequency and name agreement. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 50(A), 560-585. Bates, E., Burani, C., D´amico, S., & Barca, L. (2001). Word reading and picture naming in Italian. Memory and Cognition, 29(7), 986-999. Bates, E., D'Amico, S., Jacobsen, T., Székely, A., Andonova, E., Devescovi, A., . . . Tzeng, O. (2003). Timed picture naming in seven languages. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 20(2), 344-380. doi: 10.3758/BF03196494 Berman, S., Friedman, D., Hamberger, M., & Snodgrass, J. G. (1989). Developmental picture norms: Relationships between name agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity for child and adult ratings of two sets of line drawings. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 21(3), 371-382. Bonin, P., Boyer, B., Méot, A., Fayol, M., & Droit, S. (2004). Psycholinguistic norms for action photographs in French and their relationships with spoken and written latencies. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36, 127-139. doi: 10.3758/BF03195558 Bonin, P., Chalard, M., Méot, A., & Fayol, M. (2002). The determinants of spoken and written picture naming latencies. British Journal of Psychology, 93, 89-114. doi: 10.1348/ 000712602162463 Bonin, P., Peereman, R., Malardier, N., Méot, A., & Chalard, M. (2003). A new set of 299 pictures for psycholinguistic studies: French norms for name agreement, image agreement, conceptual familiarity, visual complexity, image variability, age of acquisition and naming latencies. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 35, 158-167. Boukadi, M., Zouaidi, C., & Wilson, M. A. (2016). Norms for name agreement, familiarity, subjective frequency, and imageability for 348 object names in Tunisian Arabic. Behavior Research Methods, 48, 585-599. doi: 10.3758/s13428-015-0602-3 Brysbaert, M., Van Wijnendaele, I., & De Deyne, S. (2000). Age-of-acquisition effects in semantic processing tasks. Acta Psychologica, 104, 215-226. doi: 10.1016/S0001-6918(00)00021-4 Cameirão, M. L., & Vicente, S. G. (2010). Age-of-acquisition norms for a set of 1,749 Portuguese words. Behavior Research Methods, 42, 474-480. doi: 10.3758/BRM.42.2.474 Capitani, E., Laiacona, M., Barbarotto, R., & Trivelli, C. (1994). Living and nonliving categories: Is there a “normal” asymmetry? Neuropsychologia, 32, 1453-1463. Carroll, J. B., & White, M. N. (1973). Word frequency and age of acquisition as determiners of picture-naming latency. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 25(1), 85-95. doi: 10.1080/14640747308400325 Cuetos, F., & Barbón, A. (2006). Word naming in Spanish. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 18, 415-436. Cuetos, F., Ellis, A., & Alvarez, B. (1999). Naming times for the Snodgrass and Vanderwart pictures in Spanish. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers, 31, 650-658. doi: 10.3758/BF03200741 Cycowicz, Y. M., Friedman, D., Rothstein, M., & Snodgrass, J. G. (1997). Picture naming by young children: Norms for name agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 65(2), 171-237. doi: 10.1006/jecp.1996.2356 D´amico, S., Devescovi, A., & Bates, E. (2001). Picture naming and lexical access in italian children and adults. Journal of Cognition and Development, 2(1), 71-105. Dell´Acqua, R., Lotto, L., & Job, R. (2000). Naming times and standardized norms for the Italian PD/DPSS set of 266 pictures. Direct comparisons with American, English, French and Spanish published databases. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 31, 588-615. Ellis, A. W., & Morrison, C. M. (1998). Real age of acquisition effects in lexical retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory & Cognition, 24, 515-523. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.24.2.515 Forster, K. I., & Forster, J. C. (2003). DMDX: A Windows display program with millisecond accuracy. Behavior Research Methods Instruments and Computers, 35, 116-124. doi: 10.3758/BF03195503 Gaffan, D., & Heywood, C. (1993). A spurious category-specific visual agnosia for living things in normal human and nonhuman primates. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 5(118-128). doi: 10.1162/jocn.1993.5.1.118 Humphreys, G. W., Riddoch, M. J., & Quinlan, P. T. (1988). Cascade processes in picture identification. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 5(1), 67-103. Iyer, G., Saccuman, C., Bates, E., & Wulfeck, B. (2001). A Study of Age-of-acquisition (AoA) Ratings in Adults. CRL Newsletter, 13(2), 3-16. Khwaileh, T., Body, R., & Herbert, R. (2014). A normative database and determinants of lexical retrieval for 186 Arabic nouns: Effects of psycholinguistic and morpho-syntactic variables on naming latency. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 43, 749-769. doi: 10.1007/ s10936-013-9277-z Khwaileh, T., Mustafawi, E., Herbert, R., & Howard, D. (2018). Gulf Arabic nouns and verbs: A standardized set of 319 object pictures and 141 action pictures, with predictors of naming latencies. Behavior Research Methods, 50(6), 2408-2425. doi: 10.3758/s13428-018-1019-6 Laws, K. R. (1999). Gender afects latencies for naming living and nonliving things: implications for familiarity. Cortex, 35, 729–733. Laws, K. R. (2000). Category-specificity naming errors in normal subjects: The influence of evolution and experience. Brain and Language, 75, 123-133. doi: 10.1006/brln.2000.2348 Laws, K. R., & Neve, C. (1999). A `normal` category-specific advantage for naming living things. Neuropsychologia, 37, 1263-1269. doi: 10.1016/S0028-3932(99)00018-4 Lloyd-Jones, T. J., & Humphreys, G. W. (1997). Perceptual differentiation as a source of category effects in object processing: evidence from naming and object decision. Memory and Cognition, 25, 18-35 doi: 10.3758/BF03197282 Manoiloff, L., Artstein, M., Canavoso, M., Fernández, L., & Seguí, J. (2010). Expanded norms for 400 experimental pictures in an Argentinean Spanish-speaking population. Behavior Research Methods, 42(2), 452-460. doi: 10.3758/BRM.42.2.452 Martein, R. (1995). Norms for name and concept agreement, familiarity, visual complexity and image agreement on a set of 216 pictures. Psychologica Belgica, 35, 205-225. Martínez-Cuitiño, M., Barreyro, J. P., Wilson, M., & Jaichenco, V. (2015). Nuevas normas semánticas y de tiempos de latencia para un set de 400 dibujos en español. Interdisciplinaria, 32(2), 289-305. Martínez-Cuitiño, M., & Vivas, L. (In press). Category or diagnosticity effect? The influence of color in picture naming tasks. Psychology and Neuroscience. doi: 10.1037/pne0000172 Meschyan, G., & Hernandez, A. (2002). Age of acquisition and word frequency: Determinants of object-naming speed and accuracy. Memory & Cognition, 30, 262-269. doi: 10.3758/ BF03195287 Morrison, C. M., Chappell, T. D., & Ellis, A. W. (1997). Age of Acquisition Norms for a Large Set of Object Names and Their Relation to Adult Estimates and Other Variables. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology, 50(3), 528-559. doi: 10.1080/027249897392017 Morrison, C. M., Ellis, A. W., & Quinlan, P. T. (1992). Age of acquisition, not word frequency, affects object naming, not object recognition. Memory and Cognition, 20, 705-714. doi: 10.3758/BF03202720 Oldfield, R. C., & Wingfield, A. (1965). Response latencies in naming objects. Quart J Exp Psychol`, 17, 273-281. doi: 10.1080/17470216508416445 Protopapas, A. (2007). Check Vocal: A program to facilitate checking the accuracy and response time of vocal responses from DMDX. Behavior Research Methods, 39(4), 859-862. doi: 10.3758/BF03192979 Sanfeliu, M. C., & Fernández, A. (1996). A set of 254 Snodgrass-Vanderwart pictures standardized for Spanish: Norms for name agreement, image agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 28, 537-555. Shao, Z., Roelofs, A., & Meyer, A. S. (2012). Sources of individual differences in the speed of naming objects and actions: The contribution of executive control. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65(10), 1927-1944. Snodgrass, J. G., & Vanderwart, M. (1980). A standardized set of 260 pictures: Norms for name agreement, image agreement, familiarity and visual complexity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 6, 174-215. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.6.2.174 Snodgrass, J. G., & Yuditsky, T. (1996). Naming times for the Snodgrass and Vanderwart pictures. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, y Computers, 28(4), 516-536. Székely, A., & Bates, E. (2000). Objective Visual Complexity as a Variable in Studies of Pictures Naming. CLR Newsletter, 12(2), 3-33. Székely, A., D’Amico, S., Devescovi, A., Federmeier, K., Herron, D., Iyer, G., . . . Bates, E. (2003). Timed picture naming: Extended norms and validation against previous studies. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 35, 621-633. doi: 10.3758/ BF03195542 Tanaka-Ishii, K., & Terada, H. (2011). Word familiarity and frequency. Studia Linguistica, 65(1), 96-116. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9582.2010.01176.x Vitkovitch, M., & Tyrrell, L. (1995). Sources of disagreement in object naming. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 48(A), 822-848. doi: 10.1080/14640749508401419 Warrington, E. K., & McCarthy, R. A. (1983). Category-specific access dysphasia. Brain, 106, 859-879. doi: 10.1093/brain/106.4.859

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Da Silva Sobrinho, Adriano Referino, Israel Luís Diniz Carvalho, Luiz Gutenberg de Miranda Toledo Coelho Júnior, Pedro Henrique Sette-de-Souza, and Herika de Arruda Maurício. "Perfil dos Coordenadores de Saúde Bucal no Brasil: revisão de literatura." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 9, no. 5 (April 20, 2020): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v9i5.4727.

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Introdução: O gestor de saúde bucal é peça chave para o funcionamento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Dentre suas atribuições, está a de consolidar os serviços odontológicos, otimizar o processo de trabalho de sua equipe profissional e garantir o direito à saúde para usuários. Para atender a todas as demandas, o gestor precisa estar preparado para o exercício do cargo designado. Objetivo: Conhecer o perfil dos coordenadores de saúde bucal no Brasil. Material e método: O estudo classifica-se como uma revisão narrativa da literatura. O levantamento da literatura foi realizado no período de Março a Abril de 2019, utilizando-se as bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, Scielo, PubMed e GoogleAcadêmico com os descritores “Gestão em Saúde”, “Gestor de Saúde”, “Saúde Bucal”, “Assistência Odontológica”, “Sistema Único de Saúde”, “Recursos Humanos em Odontologia”, “Serviços de Saúde Bucal”, “Administração em Saúde Pública” e “Gestão da qualidade”. Foram selecionados trabalhos publicados nos últimos 12 anos em qualquer idioma. Resultados: A partir de sete publicações, identificou-se o perfil sociodemográfico dos gestores predominantemente feminino, na faixa etária de quarenta anos e com formação em Odontologia. Observou-se deficiência na formação profissional e precárias condições de trabalho. Conclusão: Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de fortalecimento da Políticas de Recursos Humanos para o SUS.Descritores: Sistema Único de Saúde; Gestão em Saúde; Saúde Bucal; Recursos Humanos em Odontologia.ReferênciasBatista KT. A gestão em saúde como dilema bioético. Brasília méd. 2009;46(4).Brutscher VJ. Gestão, Direito e Participação no SUS. Rev bras ciênc saúde. 2012;16(3):401-10.Paegle ACRO, Souza EHA, Oliveira PA. Coordenação das Equipes de Saúde Bucal: Avaliação para Melhoria da Qualidade (AMQ). Pesq Bras Odontoped Clin Integr. 2012;12(4):497-503.Leal DL, Martins RC, Carneiro NCR, Abreu MHNG, Werneck MAF, Borges-Oliveira AC. 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Saúde soc. 2009;18(1):75-82.Gondinho BVC, Guerra LM, Bulgarelli JV, Probst LF, Cortellazzi KL, Possobon RF et al. Percepção de coordenadores de saúde bucal sobre a rede de atenção à saúde bucal. Rev Bras Promoç Saúde. 2018;31(Supl):1-8.Vermelho SC, Figueiredo G. A percepção de secretários municipais de saúde sobre a gestão do trabalho e da educação na rede pública do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Saúde Soc. 2017; 26(2):382-96.Limeira FIR, Rebouças PRM, Rocha EALSS, Catão MHCV. O ensino de gestão nos cursos de graduação em Odontologia no Brasil. Rev ABENO. 2018;18(1):161-69.Stein C, Warmling CM, Tôrres LHN, Rech RS, Martins AB, Pires FS et al. Laboratório no estágio de gestão do SUS: integração ensino, pesquisa e gestão. Rev ABENO. 2018;18(2):166-73.Souza LEPF. O SUS necessário e o SUS possível: estratégias de gestão. Uma reflexão a partir de uma experiência concreta. Ciênc saúde coletiva. 2009;14(3):911-18.Pinafo E, Carvalho BG, Nunes EFPA, Domingos CM, Bonfim MCB. Gestor do SUS em município de pequeno porte no estado do Paraná: perfil, funções e conhecimento sobre os instrumentos de gestão. Rev Saúde Pública Paraná. 2016;17(1):130-37.Knevel R, Gussy MG, Farmer J. Exploratory scoping of the literature on factors that influence oral health workforce planning and management in developing countries. Int J Hyg. 2017;15(2):95-105.Chaves SCL, Cruz DN. Desafios contemporâneos à organização da atenção em saúde bucal na Bahia. Rev baiana saúde pública. 2012;36(3):621-39.Soares FF, Chaves SCL, Cangussu MCT. Governo local e serviços odontológicos: análise da desigualdade na utilização. Cad Saúde Pública. 2015;3193):586-96.Melo LMLL. Análise da organização das ações municipais de saúde bucal na atenção básica [dissertação]. Araçatuba: Faculdade de Odontologia – UNESP; 2016.Cunha EN, Souza MKB. A regionalização da saúde enquanto princípio organizativo para a gestão do SUS. Rev enferm UFPE. 2017; 11(suppl 5):2145-56.Maia Júnior AF. 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Huong, Tran Thi, and Nguyen Hoang. "Petrology, geochemistry, and Sr, Nd isotopes of mantle xenolith in Nghia Dan alkaline basalt (West Nghe An): implications for lithospheric mantle characteristics beneath the region." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 40, no. 3 (June 4, 2018): 207–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/40/3/12614.

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Study of petrological and geochemical characteristics of mantle peridotite xenoliths in Pliocene alkaline basalt in Nghia Dan (West Nghe An) was carried out. Rock-forming clinopyroxenes, the major trace element containers, were separated from the xenoliths to analyze for major, trace element and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions. The data were interpreted for source geochemical characteristics and geodynamic processes of the lithospheric mantle beneath the region. The peridotite xenoliths being mostly spinel-lherzolites in composition, are residual entities having been produced following partial melting events of ultramafic rocks in the asthenosphere. They are depleted in trace element abundance and Sr-Nd isotopic composition. Some are even more depleted as compared to mid-ocean ridge mantle xenoliths. Modelled calculation based on trace element abundances and their corresponding solid/liquid distribution coefficients showed that the Nghia Dan mantle xenoliths may be produced of melting degrees from 8 to 12%. Applying various methods for two-pyroxene temperature- pressure estimates, the Nghia Dan mantle xenoliths show ranges of crystallization temperature and pressure, respectively, of 1010-1044°C and 13-14.2 kbar, roughly about 43km. A geotherm constructed for the mantle xenoliths showed a higher geothermal gradient as compared to that of in the western Highlands (Vietnam) and a conductive model, implying a thermal perturbation under the region. The calculated Sm-Nd model ages for the clinopyroxenes yielded 127 and 122 Ma. 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Pratiwi, Hardiyanti, Ikta Yarliani, Murniyanti Ismail, Rizki Noor Haida, and Noer Asmayanti. "Assessing the Toxic Levels in Parenting Behavior and Coping Strategies Implemented During the COVID-19 Pandemic." JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 14, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.142.03.

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The COVID-19 pandemics have caused a lot of stressors for parents. Apart from doing daily activities, parents also have to take care of their children and accompany them to study. The number of stressors can lead to toxic behavior in parenting. This study aims to measure the level of toxicity in parenting behavior and coping strategies adopted by parents. This study uses quantitative descriptive methods to measure toxic levels in parenting behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 568 parents from Banjarmasin and Yogyakarta participated in this study. The survey results show that several factors can trigger parenting stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, namely worsening economic conditions, delinquent children, excessive anxiety, accumulated daily hassles, growing family demands, and disputes with spouses. However, some of these stressors do not lead to toxic parenting. The results showed that 97.79% of respondents from Banjarmasin and 95.29% from Yogyakarta showed a low toxic level. The remaining 2.21% of respondents in Banjarmasin and 4.71% of respondents in Yogyakarta indicated a moderate toxic level. Coping strategies are crucial for neutralizing stress. There are several strategies applied, namely trying to consider a problem is God's test, and there is a positive side to every problem; trying to address the source of stress and solving it; Withdrawing and finding individual time; looking for social support from the family and others; crying and releasing it by doing favorite things and capitulate and get back the problem. This Research is expected to be a reference for parents in choosing coping strategies to manage the stress they feel in parenting during the pandemic. Keywords: Toxic parenting; stress trigger, coping strategy; COVID-19 References Abidin, R. R. (1990). Parenting Stress Index (PSI) manual. 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Parenting stress in mothers and fathers of toddlers with autism spectrum disorders: Associations with child characteristics Disorders. Journal of Autism Developmental, 38, 1278–1291. Deater-deckard, K. (1998). Parenting Stress and Child Adjustment : Some Old Hypotheses and New Questions. Clinical Psychology Science and Practice, 5(3). Deckard, K. D.-, & Scarr, S. (1996). Parenting stress among the dual-earner mothers and fathers: are there gender differences? Journal of Family Psychology, 10, 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.10.1.45 Dunham, S., & Dermer, H. (2011). Poisonous Parenting : Toxic Relationships Between Parents And Their Adult. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group. Ekas, N., & Whitman, T. L. (2010). Autism symptom topography and maternal socioemotional functioning. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 115(3), 234–249. Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., Koss, M. P., & Marks, J. S. (1998). 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L. (2012). The lifelong effects of early childhood adversity and toxic stress. Pediatrics, 129(1), 232–246. https://doi.org/10.1542 Shonkoff, J.P. (2012). Leveraging the biology of adversity to address the roots of disparities in health and development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 109(SUPPL.2), 17302–17307. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1121259109 Shonkoff, Jack P., & Bales, S. N. (2011). Science Does Not Speak for Itself: Translating Child Development Research for the Public and Its Policymakers. Child Development, 82(1), 17–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01538.x Shonkoff, Jack P., & Levitt, P. (2010). Neuroscience and the Future of Early Childhood Policy: Moving from Why to What and How. Neuron, 67(5), 689–691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2010.08.032 Shonkoff, Jack P. (2010). Building a New Biodevelopmental Framework to Guide the Future of Early Childhood Policy. 81(1), 357–367. Shonkoff, Jack P, & Fisher, P. A. 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Interventions to Improve Cortisol Regulation in Children : A Systematic Review abstract. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-1632

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Olaya Delgado, Nancy, Adrián David Vargas, and Yhonatan Saúl Jiménez Calderón. "La responsabilidad social empresarial en La Amazonía." Revista UNIMAR 36, no. 1 (October 29, 2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31948/unimar.36-1.7.

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Hoy por hoy, la responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) es una nueva forma de enfocar las organizaciones, y de tener un poco de conciencia o respeto hacia los diferentes medios o entornos en los cuales éstas desarrollan sus actividades empresariales. Aparte de ello se puede mencionar que, aunque no existe una gran cantidad de organizaciones pertenecientes al sector secundario, encargado de transformar la materia prima en un bien final, existe una amplia cantidad de pequeñas y medianas empresas (Pymes) del sector primario en la región amazónica, que realizan actividades como la extracción de madera, carbón, peces, producción de ganado, entre otras, acciones que perjudican toda la biodiversidad de la Amazonía colombiana. El presente artículo es de enfoque cualitativo y tipo metodológico descriptivo, ya que se buscó caracterizar el impacto de la RSE en la Amazonía colombiana por parte de las pequeñas y medianas empresas. Referencias: Acero, R. (2016). Lineamientos estratégicos para la incorporación congruente de la variable ambiental en los planes y esquemas de ordenamiento territorial de Colombia (Tesis de Maestría). Universidad de Chile. Recuperado de http://mgpa.forestaluchile.cl/Tesis/Acero%20Ronald.pdf Agudelo, E. (2015). Bases científicas para contribuir a la gestión de la pesquería comercial de bagres (familia pimelodidae) en la Amazonía colombiana y sus zonas de frontera. Recuperado de https://ddd.uab.cat/record/142475 Agudelo, S. (2009). Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, Una mirada desde Colombia. Revista de Negocios Internacionales, 2(1), 3‐11. Altuna, M. (2013). Los Factores de la Responsabilidad Social: El Análisis de las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas Manufactureras Guipuzcoanas. Azkoaga, 16, 149-172. Anónimo. (s.f.). La RSE. “Modelo de Buena Práctica Empresarial”. Recuperado de https://aprendeenlinea.udea.edu.co/revistas/index.php/ tgcontaduria/article/viewFile/323512/20780676 Arenas, A., Escobar, E., Acosta, J., Monsalve, L. y Oyola, E. (2012). RSE “Moda o Compromiso Real” (Trabajo de Grado). Universidad de Medellín. Medellín, Colombia. Recuperado de http://repository.udem.edu.co/bitstream/handle/11407/357/ Responsabilidad%20social%20empresarial.%20%E2%80%9CModa% 20o%20compromiso%20 real%E2%80%9D.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Aristimuño, M. y Rodríguez, C. (2014), Responsabilidad social universitaria. Su gestión desde la perspectiva de directivos y docentes. Estudio de caso: una pequeña universidad latinoamericana. Interciencia, 39(6), 375-382. Baltera, P., Díaz, E. y Dussert, J. (2005). Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, Alcances y Potencialidades en Materia Laboral. Cuaderno de Investigación N° 25. Recuperado de http://www.dt.gob.cl/portal/1626/articles-88984_recurso_1.pdf Barrena, A. (2012). La protección de las especies silvestres, especial tratamiento de la protección en situ (Tesis doctoral). Universidad de Alicante. Recuperada de https://rua.ua.es/dspace/handle/10045/28038Bencomo, T. (2007). Desarrollo de las TIC y la formación profesional. http://www.saber.ula.ve/bitstream/handle/123456789/25149/articulo1.pdf; jsessionid=A8697326F48141C4F9366A86EA3CED46?sequence=2 Buriticá, L. (2011). La RSE y su Relación Teórica con la Gestión del Talento Humano. Universidad de Manizales (Tesis de Maestría). Universidad de Manizales. Recuperado de http://ridum.umanizales.edu.co:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/6789/297/Buritica_ Castro_Lida_Marcela_ 2011.pdf?sequence= Camejo, A. y Cejas, M. (2009). Responsabilidad social: factor clave de la gestión de los recursos humanos en las organizaciones del siglo XXI. Nómadas, Critical Journal of Social and Juridical Sciences, 21(1), 127-142. Cardona, C. y Giraldo, L. (2010). Estandarización de Indicadores de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial Propuestas por Organizaciones de Reconocimiento Mundial (Trabajo de Grado). Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira. Recuperado de http://repositorio.utp.edu.co/dspace/bitstream/handle/11059/1549/ 658408C268. pdf;jsessionid=A24F7FD84FFE4F942F3159EE7AB68BF7?sequence=1 Congreso de la República de Colombia. (2000). Ley 590 de 2000 “por la cual se dicta disposiciones para promover el desarrollo de las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas”. Bogotá, Colombia. Recuperada de http://www.alcaldiabogota.gov.co/sisjur/normas/Norma1.jsp?i=12672 Curatola, G. (2011). Patrones de distribución espacial de Triplaris Americana en Tambopata, Perú. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Recuperado de http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/454 De La Cuadra, F. (2013). Cambio climático, movimientos sociales y políticas públicas, una vinculación necesaria. Recuperado de https://journals.openedition.org/polis/9651 Delgado, V. y Olarte, M. (2012). Responsabilidad social corporativa en el sector de la televisión. Un estudio longitudinal de las memorias de sostenibilidad. Revista Internacional de Investigación en Comunicación aDResearch ESIC, 6(6), 112-129. Delgado, Y., Herrera, N. y Gallón, C. (2014). La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: una mirada a la aplicación en el sector transporte público automotor. Trabajos de Grado Contaduría Pública, 8(1), 1-29. Duque, Y., Cardona, M. y Rendón, J. (2013). Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: Teorías, índices, estándares y certificaciones. Cuadernos de Administración, 29(50), 196-206. Escamilla, S., Jiménez, I. y Prado, C. (2013). La Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, una forma de crear valor. Madrid, España: Editorial Académica Española. Fernández, C. (2012). Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: Cultura y Medio ambiente (Tesis de Posgrado). Recuperado de http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/112084 Franco, C. (s.f.). Dinámica de construcción de una nueva sociedad desde los negocios. Recuperado de http://interamerican-usa.com/articulos/Gob-Corp-Adm/Responsabilidad%20Social%20Carolina%20Franco[1].pdf García, M. y Duque, J. (2012). Gestión Humana y Responsabilidad Social Empresarial: un enfoque estratégico para la vinculación de prácticas responsables a las Organizaciones. Libre Empresa, 17, 13-37. Gil, F. (2013). La responsabilidad social universitaria desde la perspectiva ambiental: universidad y desarrollo sustentable (Tesis de Maestría). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Recuperado de http://132.248.9.195/ptd2013/agosto/0700625/0700625.pdf Gómez, M. (2010). La Gestión y la Información sobre la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial de las PYMES: la Necesidad de Diferenciación. Contaduría Universidad de Antioquia, 56, 15-40. Gómez-Villegas, M. y Quintanilla, D. (2012). 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Dian saviqoh, Iis. "ANALISIS POLA HIDUP DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PAYUNG SEKAKI." HEALTH CARE : JURNAL KESEHATAN 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36763/healthcare.v10i1.116.

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ANALISIS POLA HIDUP DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PAYUNG SEKAKI 1Iis Dian Saviqoh, 2Yesi Hasneli, 3Nopriadi 1Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Riau Email : iisdians@gmail.com 2 Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Riau Email : yesi_zahra@yahoo.com 3 Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Riau Email : nopriadi_dhs@yahoo.com ABSTRAK Diabetes Melitus (DM)adalah penyakit metabolik dengan ciri kadar gula darah yang tinggi. DM tipe 2 paling sering diderita. Peyebabnya karena pola hidup yang tidak sehat, beberapa upaya untuk mengurangi faktor pemicu seperti mengatur pola makan, kontrol berat badan, berolahraga, pantau gula darah, diet yang terarah, gizi sehat dan seimbang. Selain itu, dukungan keluarga juga mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien DM. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran pola hidup (pola makan, aktivitas fisik) dan dukungan keluarga pada penderita DM tipe 2. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini 131 orang penderita yang diambil berdasarakan kriteria inklusi menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil: Penderita terbanyak umur yaitu 56-65 tahun (36,6%) dan banyak diderita laki-laki yaitu (52,7%), responden yang mengalami komplikasi (91,6%) dan banyak diderita oleh laki-laki (99,9%) sedangkan jenis komplikasi yaitu kebas (nefrophaty perifer) (69,5%). pola hidup penderita menunjukkan pola hidup baik (81,7) dan dukungan keluarga menunjukkan dukungan keluarga baik (98,5). Kesimpulan: Pola hidup yang baik dapat juga dipengaruhi oleh dukungan keluarga yang baik sehingga membuat penderita semakin bersemangat untuk menerapkan pola sehat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Kata Kunci:Diabetes Melitus, Pola Hidup, Dukungan Keluarga ABSTRACT Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar levels. Type 2 DM is the most common. The reason is due to an unhealthy lifestyle, several attempts to reduce trigger factors such as regulating diet, weight control, exercising, monitoring blood sugar, directed diet, healthy and balanced nutrition. In addition, family support also affects the quality of life of DM patients. The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of life (diet, physical activity) and family support in patients with type 2 diabetes. This research method used descriptive analytic with cross sectional design. The sample of this study was 131 patients who were taken based on the inclusion criteria using purposive sampling. Results: Most patients were aged 56-65 years (36.6%) and mostly suffered by men (52.7%), respondents who experienced complications (91.6%) and most suffered by men (99, 9%) while the type of complication is numbness (peripheral nephropathy) (69.5%). The patient's lifestyle showed a good lifestyle (81.7) and family support showed good family support (98.5). Conclusion: A good lifestyle can also be influenced by good family support so that it makes sufferers more enthusiastic to apply healthy patterns in daily life. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Lifestyle, Family Support Referensi: 54 (2010-2020) PENDAHULUAN Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan sekelompok penyakit metabolik dengan ciri kadar gula darah yang tinggi (hiperglikemik) (Pramukamto et al., 2018). Tanda dan gejala yang umum sering dirasakan pada penderita dengan gula darah tinggi adalah banyak kencing (polyuria), mudah haus (polydipsia) dan mudah lapar (polyphagia). Bila ini dibiarkan dapat menimbulkan komplikasi baik secara akut maupun kroik, yaitu timbul beberapa bulan atau beberapa tahun sesudah mengidap DM. Komplikasi DM yang paling sering adalah hiperglikemia dan koma diabetik (Susilo & Wulandari, 2011). Menurut Sutedjo (2016) Kematian penderita DM lebih banyak disebabkan oleh komplikasi daripada oleh penyakitnya sendiri sehingga, Diabetes melitus merupakan salah satu dari empat penyakit tidak menular prioritas yang menjadi target tindak lanjut oleh para pemimpin dunia. Jumlah kasus dan prevalensi diabetes terus meningkat selama beberapa dekade terakhir (WHO Global Report, 2016). WHO (World Health Organitation) memprediksi kenaikan jumlah penyandang DM di dunia dari 463 juta pada tahun 2019 menjadi 700 juta juta pada tahun 2045 naik menjadi 51% (WHO, 2019). International Diabetes Federation (IDF) memprediksi adanya kenaikan jumlah penyandang DM di Indonesia dari 9,1 juta pada tahun 2014 menjadi 14,1 juta pada tahun 2035. Dengan angka tersebut Indonesia menempati peringkat ke-5 di dunia, atau naik dua peringkat dibandingkan data IDF tahun 2013 yang menempati peringkat ke-7 dunia ( PERKENI, 2015). Berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas, 2018) yang menunjukkan prevalensi diabetes melitus pada penduduk dewasa Indonesia sebesar 6,9% di tahun 2013, dan melonjak pesat ke angka 8,5% di tahun 2018. Diabetes melitus di Provinsi Riau berada di urutan 15 untuk penyakit tidak menular (PTM) dengan kenaikan 1,0 persen (2013) menjadi 1,9 persen (2018). Sedangkan pada tahun 2019 terjadi peningkatan pravelensi DM menjadi urutan ketiga dari 10 penyakit terbesar di Kota Pekanbaru setelah Hipertensi. Data terbaru yang didapatkan dari Dinas Kota Pekanbaru 2019, distribusi kasus diabetes melitus di Puskesmas se-kota Pekanbaru berdasarkan tempat diabetes melitus Tipe 2 tertinggi terdapat di Puskesmas Payung Sekaki sebesar 207 penderita. Jumlah distribusi kunjungan di puskesmas payung sekaki dari bulan Agustus 2019 sampai Agustus 2020 sebesar 540 penderita diabetes melitus. Secara umum Diabetes melitus dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu tipe 1, 2 dan gestasional (terjadi saat kehamilan). DM tipe 1 dulu disebut Insulin Dependent Diabetes Melitus (IDDM), diabetes yang bergantung pada insulin. Faktor penyebabnya adalah virus atau reaksi auto-imun (rusaknnya sistem kekebalan tubuh) yang merusak sel-sel penghasil insulin, yaitu sel beta penghasil insulin pada pulau-pulau langerhans pankreas sehingga terjadi kekurangan insulin. Diabetes tipe ini biasanya mengenai anak-anak dan remaja. Sedangkan, DM tipe 2 disebut diabetes life style karena selain faktor keturunan, disebabkan oleh gaya hidup yang tidak sehat. Diabetes tipe 2 tidak bergantung insulin karena pankreas masih menghasilkan insulin tetapi insulin yang diproduksi, jumlahnya tidak mencukupi dan kerja insulin tidak efektif karena adanya hambatan pada insulin yang disebut resistensi insulin (Nurrahmani, 2015). Sebenarnya resistensi insulin mendahului terjadinya penurunan produksi insulin. Selama resistensi insulin belum diperbaiki pankreas harus bekerja keras menghasilkan insulin sebanyak-banyaknya untuk dapat menggempur resistensi tersebut agar gula juga bisa masuk. Namun karena gejalanya minim, maka semakin lama pankreas tidak mampu memproduksi insulin. Faktor pemicu resistensi insulin adalah kegemukan, kurang bergerak, dan terlalu banyak makan dengan gizi yang tidak seimbang (Nurrahmani, 2015). Upaya untuk mengurangi faktor pemicu tersebut diperlukan pencegahan seperti mengatur pola makan, kontrol berat badan, tidur cukup, berolahraga, pantau gula darah, manajemen stress, batasi komsumsi garam, berhenti kebiasaan merokok, diet yang terarah, gizi sehat dan seimbang (Susilo Y, Wulandari A. 2011). Hal diatas sesuai dengan penelitian Dafriani (2017), di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam RSUD dr. Rasidin Padang diketahui bahwa kejadian DM lebih tinggi pada responden dengan pola makan yang tidak baik yaitu 27 responden (51,9%) dibandingkan yang memiliki pola makan yang baik yaitu 12 responden (29,3%). Sedangkan, pada aktivitas fisik diketahui bahwa kejadian DM lebih tinggi pada responden dengan aktifitas fisik yang ringan yaitu 26 responden (53,1%) dibandingkan yang memiliki aktifitas fisik berat yaitu 13 responden (29,5%). Selain itu, dukungan keluarga juga mempengaruhi kualitas hidup penderita DM tipe 2 ini sesuai dengan penelitian Retnowati et.al (2015) di Puskesmas Tanah Kalikedinding didapatkan bahwa mayoritas responden yang menyatakan puas terhadap kualitas hidupnya adalah responden yang memperoleh dukungan baik dari keluarga sebesar 85,2%. Hasil survey awal di Puskemas Sidomulyo dari 5 penderita di dapatkan bahwa 2 penderita mengatakan dapat mengatur pola makan dan rutin berolahraga seperti jalan pagi bersama keluaga di sekitaran komplek perumahan, 1 penderita mengatakan tidak mampu mengatur pola makan karena karena istrinya selalu masak makanan kesukaannya tetapi selalu berolahraga di sore hari bersama anaknya, 2 penderita mengatakan tidak mampu mengatur pola makan dan jarang melakukan aktivitas fisik seperti jalan pagi ataupun sore hari. Sehubungan hal di atas dapat diketahui bahwa pola hidup dan dukungan keluarga sangat berpengaruh terhadap kondisi fisik. Perubahan pola hidup dan dukungan keluarga dalam perilaku hidup sehat seperti pola makan yang tidak baik, kurang olahraga, serta kebiasaan-kebiasaan tidak sehat merupakan penyebab diabetes melitus. Usia subjek berada dalam rentang usia dewasa madya pada umumnya selalu mengikuti setiap adanya perubahan terutama perubahan mengenai pola hidup. Langkah tersebut dapat dimulai dengan menggali permasalahan penelitian tentang pola hidup penderita Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 dengan judul yaitu “Analisis pola hidup dan dukungan keluarga pada penderita DM tipe 2 di wilayah kerja puskesmas payung sekaki” yang mencangkup pola makan, aktivitas fisik seperti olahraga dan dukungan keluarga yang sangat membantu penderita untuk hidup sehat. TUJUAN PENELITIAN Untuk mengetahui gambaran pola hidup (pola makan, aktivitas fisik) dan dukungan keluarga pada penderita DM tipe 2. MANFAAT PENELITIAN Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sumber informasi dan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, khususnya pendidikan keperawatan mengenai analisis pola hidup dan dukungan keluarga pasien DM tipe 2. METODE PENELITIAN Jenis penelitian yang digunakan merupakan deskriptif analisis menggunakan cross sectional. Tempat penelitian dilakukan di Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Kota Pekanbaru pada tanggal 29 Januari-12Febaruari 2021. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Pekanbaru pada tanggal 1 Agustus 2019 sampai dengan 1 Agustus 2020 sebesar 205 penderita. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan tabel penentu sampel oleh Stepen Isaac Wiliam B. Michael dengan taraf kesalahan (significance level) sebesar 5%, maka jumlah sampel yang digunakan pada populasi 205 adalah 131 sampel. Kriteria inklusi adalah karakteristik umum subyek penelitian dari suatu populasi target yang terjangkau dan diteliti (Nursalam, 2013). Kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini adalah: Penderita DM Tipe II yang berada di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Pekanbaru dengan usia 40 tahun keatas. Penderita yang bersedia menjadi subyek dan menandatangani informend consent. Penderita yang tidak memiliki komplikasi. Penderita yang memiliki komplikasi akut (jangka pendek) yaitu hiperglikemia, diabetik ketoasidosis (DKA) dan komplikasi kronik (jangka panjang) yaitu hipertensi, penyakit arteri koroner, stroke, retinopati diabetik, nefropati diabetik. Kriteria ekslusi dalam penelitian ini adalah: Penderita yang tidak menjawab kuisioner dengan lengkap. HASIL PENELITIAN Karateristik Responden Tabel 1. Distribusi karakteristik responden berdasarkan umur Umur Frekuensi (n) Persentase (%) 36-45 25 19,1 46-55 29 22,1 56-65 48 36,6 >65 29 22,1 Total 131 100 Berdasarkan tabel diatas menunjukkan bahwa 131 responden yang diteliti, distribusi responden terbanyak umur yaitu 56-65 tahun sebanyak 48 orang responden (36,6%). Tabel 2 Distribusi karakteristik responden berdasarkan jenis kelamin Jenis Kelamin Frekuensi (n) Persentase (%) a. Laki-laki b. Perempuan 69 62 52,7 47,3 Total 131 100 Berdasarkan tabel diatas menunjuk bahwa 131 responden yang diteliti, distribusi responden terbanyak yaitu laki-laki sebanyak 69 responden (52,7%) sedangkan perempuan sebanyak 62 responden (47,3%). Tabel 3 Distribusi karakteristik responden berdasarkan pendidikan Pendidikan Terakhir Frekuensi (n) Persentase (%) SD 17 13,0 SMP 16 12,2 SMA 49 37,4 SMK 4 3,1 D3 17 13,0 S1 26 19,8 S2 2 2 Total 131 100 Berdasarkan tabel diatas menunjukkan bahwa dari 131 responden yang diteliti pada karakteristik berdasarkan pendidikan paling tinggi adalah lulus SMA yaitu sebanyak 49 orang responden (37,4%). Tabel 4 Distribusi frekuensi responden berdasarkan komplikasi DM Komplikasi DM Frekuensi (n) Persentase (%) Ya 120 91,6 Tidak 11 8,4 Total 131 100 Berdasarkan tabel diatas menunjukkan bahwa dari 131 responden yang diteliti pada karakteristik berdasarkan komplikasi DM paling tinggi adalah responden yang mengalami komplikasi yaitu 120 orang responden (91,6%). Tabel 5 Distribusi frekuensi komplikasi yang diderita responden Jenis Komplikasi Frekuensi (n) Persentase (%) Tidak ada 11 8,4 Kebas 91 69,5 Hipertensi 20 15,3 Jantung 2 1,5 Post Stroke 1 8 Ginjal 1 8 Mata Kabur 5 3,8 Total 131 100 Berdasarkan tabel diatas menunjukkan bahwa dari 131 responden yang diteliti pada karakteristik berdaarkan jenis komplikasi DM paling tinggi adalah kebas (nefrophaty perifer) sebesar 91 orang responden (69,5%). Tabel 6 Distribusi Komplikasi diabetes melitus berdasarkan jenis kelamin Komplikasi Jenis Kelamin Laki-laki Perempuan Tidak ada 9 2 Kebas 45 46 Hipertensi 10 10 Jantung 2 0 Post stroke 0 1 Ginjal 1 0 Mata kabur 2 3 Frekuensi (n) 69 62 Persentase (%) 100 100 Berdasarkan tabel diatas menunjukkan bahwa dari 131 responden yang diteliti komplikasi DM banyak diderita laki-laki sebesar 69 (99,9%). Tabel 7 Distribusi Pola Hidup pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Pola hidup (pola makan, aktivitas fisik) Frekuensi (n) Persentase % Baik 107 81,7 Buruk 24 18,3 Berdasarkan dari tabel diatas menunjukkan bahwa dari 131 responden yang diteliti pada pola hidup penderita menunjukkan pola hidup baik dengan jumlah 107 orang responden (81,7) sedangkan pola hidup buruk berjumlah 24 orang (18,3%). Tabel 8 Distribusi dukungan keluarga pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 Dukungan keluarga Frekuensi (n) Persentase % Baik 129 98,5 Buruk 2 1,5 Berdasarkan dari tabel diatas menunjukkan bahwa dari 131 responden yang diteliti pada dukungan keluarga menunjukkan dukungan keluarga baik dengan 129 orang responden (98,5) sedangkan dukungan keluarga buruk dengan 2 responden (1,5). Tabel 9 No Item Pertanyaan Kategori F (n) % A Sub Variabel : Metode 1 Saya menerapkan pola makan sehat dengan 3J: Jumlah kalori, jadwal makan, jenis makan Tidak pernah 5 3,8 Jarang 42 32,1 Sering 73 55,7 Selalu 11 8,4 2 Saya makan dengan porsi cukup untuk mempertahankan berat badan ideal Tidak pernah 41 31,3 Jarang 48 36,6 Sering 33 25,2 Selalu 9 6,9 3 Saya mengkonsumsinasi 2 ½ centong nasi setiap saya makan Tidak pernah 73 55,7 Jarang 38 29,0 Sering 13 9,9 Selalu 7 5,3 4 Saya mengkonsumsi makanan yang banyak mengandung serat seperti buah dan sayur Tidak pernah 3 2,3 Jarang 4 3,1 Sering 34 26,0 Selalu 90 68,7 5 Saya setiap hari mengkonsumsi makanan yang banyak mengandung protein. Seperti: telur dan daging Tidak pernah 0 0 Jarang 8 6,1 Sering 104 79,4 Selalu 19 14,5 6 Saya membatasi makanan yag asin Tidak pernah 3 2,3 Jarang 16 12,2 Sering 83 63,4 Selalu 29 22,1 7 Saya membatasi makanan yang banyak mengandunng lemak dan kolestrol tinggi. Seperti: santan, udang dan kepiting Tidak pernah 3 2,3 Jarang 20 15,3 Sering 88 67,2 Selalu 20 15,3 8 Saya makan porsi cukup untuk mempertahankan gula darah Tidak pernah 10 7,4 Jarang 62 47,3 Sering 51 38,9 Selalu 8 6,1 9 Saya olahraga 3-5 kali dalam seminggu Tidak pernah 15 11,5 Jarang 71 54,2 Sering 28 21,4 Selalu 17 13,0 10 Saya melakukan jalan santai disekitaran komplek setiap pagi atau sore Tidak pernah 9 6,9 Jarang 20 15,3 Sering 50 38,2 Selalu 52 39,7 11 Saya bersepedadi hari sabtu atau minggu Tidak pernah 88 67,2 Jarang 25 19,1 Sering 12 9,2 Sering 6 4,6 12 Saya berenang di hari sabtu atau minggu Tidak pernah 99 75,6 Jarang 18 13,7 Sering 11 8,4 Selalu 3 2,3 13 Saya olahraga waktu yang saya habiskan 30-60 menit Tidak pernah 14 10,7 Jarang 56 42,7 Sering 49 37,4 Selalu 12 9,2 Tabel 10 No Item Pertanyaan Kategori F (n) % A Sub Pertanyaan Dimensi Emosional 1 Keluarga mengerti saat saya mengalami masalah yang berhubungan dengan diabetes Tidak pernah 0 0 Jarang 13 9,9 Sering 88 67,2 Selalu 30 22,9 2 Keluarga mendengarkan jika saya bercerita tentang diabetes Tidak pernah 0 0 Jarang 13 9,9 Sering 91 69,5 Selalu 27 20,6 3 Keluarga memahami jika saya sedih dengan diabetes Tidak pernah 0 0 Jarang 8 6,1 Sering 96 73,3 Selalu 27 20,6 4 Keluarga saya mengerti tentang bagaimana saya merasakan diabetes Tidak pernah 0 0 Jarang 14 10,7 Sering 87 66,4 Selalu 30 22,9 Dimensi Penghargaan 5 Keluarga mengingatkan saya tentang keteraturan diet Tidak pernah 1 0,8 Jarang 10 7,6 Sering 99 75,6 Selalu 21 16,0 6 Keluarga mengigatkan saya untuk memesan obat diabetes Tidak pernah 12 9,2 Jarang 31 23,7 Sering 49 37,4 Selalu 39 29,8 Dimensi Instrumental 7 Keluarga mendukung usaha saya untuk olahraga Tidak pernah 3 2,3 Jarang 38 29,0 Sering 43 32,8 Selalu 47 35,9 8 Keluarga membantu saya membayar pengobatan diabetes Tidak pernah 0 0 Jarang 10 7,6 Sering 86 65,6 Selalu 35 26,7 Dimensi Informasi 9 Keluarga memberi informasi baru tentang diabetes Tidak pernah 0 0 Jarang 32 24,4 Sering 68 51,9 Selalu 31 23,7 10 Keluarga memberi saran agar saya kontrol ke dokter Tidak pernah 11 8,4 Jarang 58 44,3 Sering 62 47,3 Selalu 62 47,3 11 Keluarga memberi saran agar saya menkuti edukasi diabetes Tidak pernah 1 0,8 Jarang 23 17,6 Sering 72 55,0 Selalu 35 26,7 12 Saya merasakan kemudahan mendapatkan informasi dari keluarga tentang diabetes Tidak pernah 0 0 Jarang 25 19,1 Sering 74 56,5 Selalu 32 24,4 PEMBAHASAN Karakteristik Responden Umur Penelitian yang telah dilakukan terhadap 131 responden didapatkan bahwa umur pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki yaitu masa dewasa akhir (36-45 tahun) 25 orang responden (19,1%), masa lansia awal (46-55 tahun) 29 orang responden (22,1%), masa lansia akhir (56-65) 48 orang responden (36,6%), masa lansia akhir 56-65, dan masa manula (>65 tahun) 29 orang responden (22,1%). Menurut penelitian Kurniati dan Yanita (2016) Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronis yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia dan intoleransi glukosa yang terjadi karena kelenjar pankreas tidak dapat memproduksi insulin secara adekuat yang atau karena tubuh tidak dapat menggunakan insulin yang diproduksi secara efektif atau kedua-duanya. Faktor risiko yang tidak dapat diubah adalah faktor umur. Menurut Dalimartha & Adrian (2012) umur >45 berisiko untuk menderita diabetes melitus. Jenis Kelamin Penelitian yang telah dilakukan terhadap 131 responden didapatkan bahwa pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki lebih banyak terjadi pada laki-laki sebanyak 69 orang responden (52,7%). Karakteristik ini tidak sesuai jika dibandingkan dengan data Riskesdas tahun 2018. Menurut data Riskesdas di Indonesia tahun 2018 penderita diabetes melitus banyak diderita oleh perempuan yaitu 1,8% sedangkan laki-laki sebesar 1,2%. Pendidikan Terakhir Penelitian yang telah dilakukan terhadap 131 responden didapatkan bahwa pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki didapatkan bahwa riwayat pendidikan terakhir sebagian besar responden tamatan SMA yaitu sebanyak 49 orang responden (37,4%). Hal ini didukung dengan penelitian Arimbi, Lita dan Indra (2020) menyatakan bahwa terdapat pengaruh faktor risiko tingkat pendidikan terhadap risiko terkena penyakit diabetes melitus tipe II, dan yang memiliki peluang yang paling besar terhadap penyakit diabetes melitus adalah tingkat pendidikan SMA atau yang sederajat (76.7%). Tingkat pendidikan seseorang memiliki pengaruh terhadap kejadian penyakit diabetes melitus tipe 2. Hal ini sesuai dengan penelitian Trisnadewi, Adiputra dan Mitayanti (2018) yang menyatakan rendahnya tingkat pendidikan dan pengetahuan merupakan salah satu penyebab tingginya angka kasus suatu penyakit. Pengetahuan bisa diperoleh melalui promosi kesehatan salah satunya pendidikan kesehatan. Meskipun demikian tidak dipungkiri masih ada orang yang berpendidikan tinggi mengabaikan kesehatan dengan berbagai alasan yang menyebabkannya, salah satunya berhubungan dengan pekerjaan dimana dengan adanya kesibukan yang tinggi sehingga pola hidup yang tidak teratur atau tidak teraturnya pola makan meyebabkan gangguan kesehatan. Biasanya orang dengan kegiatan yang padat sering lupa utuk makan namun lebih banyak makan cemilan. Dengan adanya perubahan gaya hidup dan kebiasaan makan, konsumsi makanan yang energi dan tinggi lemak selain aktivitas fisik yang rendah, akan mengubah keseimbangan energi dengan disimpannya energi sebagai lemak simpanan yang jarang digunakan (Rahmasari & Wahyuni, 2019) Komplikasi DM Penelitian yang telah dilakukan terhadap 131 responden didapatkan bahwa pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki lebih banyak komplikasi sebesar 120 orang responden (91,6%). Sedangkan, jenis komplikasi yang banyak diderita responden perempuan adalah neurophaty (kebas) sebesar 91 orang responden (69,5%). Hal ini sejalan dengan penelitian Suyanto dan Susanto (2016, dalam Booya, F., Bandarian, F., Larijani, B., Pajouhi, M., Noorei, M, dan Lotfi, 2005) Hasil ini sesuai dengan hasil penelitian terdahulu yang relevan yang menyatakan bahwa faktor resiko potensial neuropati diabetik lebih besar pada perempuan sebesar 78 % dibandingkan responden laki-laki 22 %. Pola Hidup Penelitian yang telah dilakukan terhadap 131 responden didapatkan bahwa pola hidup meliputi pola makan dan aktivitas fisik pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki didapatkan pola hidup baik dengan jumlah 107 orang responden (81,7%). Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan penelitian Heriawan, Fathony dan Purnawati (2019) dari 60 responden sebagian besar responden dikategorikan memiliki pola makan sehat sejumlah 31 responden pola makan pada pasien diabetes melitus sebagian besar didapatkan memiliki pola makan tidak sehat dengan 19 responden. Pada item 1, responden yang menerapkan pola makan sehat dengan 3J: jumlah kalori, jadwal makan, jenis makan yang menjawab sering sebanyak 73 orang responden (55,7%). Artinya kesadaran responden untuk menerapkan pola makan sehat dengan 3J cukup tinggi. Hal ini sesuai dengan wawancara peneliti dengan instalagi gizi di puskesmas dimana setiap hari sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan tentang diabetes minimal 1 kali seminggu. Pada item 2, 3, dan 8 responden yang menerapkan makan dengan porsi cukup untuk mempertahankan berat badan ideal yang menjawab jarang sebanyak 48 orang responden (36,6%), yang mengkonsumsi 2 ½ centong nasi setiap saya makan yang menjawab tidak pernah 73 orang responden (55,7%) dan yang makan porsi cukup untuk mempertahankan gula darah yang menjawab jarang sebesar 62 orang responden (47,3%). Artinya responden merasa jika makan sedikit kurang dari 2 ½ itu membantu dalam menurunkan gula darah dan berat badan menjadi ideal. Padahal, porsi cukup disini adalah cukup dalam jumlah kalori agar responden tidak merasa lemas diakibatkan kenaikan gula darah yang tidak terkontrol karena jumlah kalori responden yang tidak mencukupi tubuh. Jumlah kalori yang tidak cukup dapat mengakibatkan rsponden merasa lapar dan berkeinginan untuk makan lagi tanpa melihat jadwal makan, jumlah makan, dan jenis makanan. Bila dibiarkan, secara tidak sadar pasien sudah mengkonsumsi makanan yang melebihi jumlah kalori perhari. Jumlah kalori yang dianjurkan adalah 25-30 kalori per kilogram berat badan ideal. Hal ini sesuai dengan penelitian Baequny, Harnarni dan Rumimper (2015) yaitu sebagian besar responden mempunyai pola makan tinggi kalori sebanyak 43 responden (57%) dan sebagian kecil mempunyai pola makan tidak tinggi kalori yaitu sebanyak 32 responden (43%). Faktor yang bisa mempengaruhi pola makan yang salah pada responden adalah tingkat pengetahuan yang kurang baik tentang perencanaan makanan bagi penderita DM. Pada item 4, responden yang mengkonsumsi makanan yang banyak mengandung serat seperti buah dan sayur sebesar 90 responden (68,7%). Artinya kesadaran responden dalam mengkonsumsi serat seperti sayur dan buah sangat tinggi. Sayur dan buah yang dikonsumsi oleh penderita diabetes melitus mengandung serat yang dapat memperlambat proses perpidahan karbohidrat menjadi gula, sehingga peningkatan gula dalam darah meningkat secara perlahan, dan membantu mengontrol kadar gula darah dalam darah. Selain itu, serat dapat membuat kita merasa kenyang lebih lama, sehingga kita bisa makan lebih sedikit dan mencegah makan berlebihan. Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan penelitian Purnasari dan Maryato (2011) Pada penelitian ini diketahui asupan serat responden berkisar antara 15,7 gram sampai dengan 27,4 gram, dengan rata-rata asupan serat sebesar 21,57 gram. Sebanyak 77,1% responden mempunyai tingkat asupan serat <25 gr/hari. Pada penderita diabetes dianjurkan untuk mengkonsumsi serat sebanyak 25-35 gr/hari, terutama serat larut air. Berdasarkan data recall diketahui asupan serat responden hanya sedikit. Asupan serat yang kurang pada sampel terkait dengan pola kebiasaan makan yang mengkonsumsi sayuran dalam jumlah sedikit dibandingkan konsumsi karbohidratnya dan jarang menkonsumsi buah, padahal kandungan serat banyak terdapat pada sayur dan buah, hal ini dapat disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan akan manfaat serat bagi kesehatan. Dari data recall hanya 22,9% responden yang memiliki asupan serat sesuai dengan yang dianjurkan pada penderita diabetes yaitu 25-35 gr/hari. Pada item 5, responden yang setiap hari mengkonsumsi makanan yang banyak mengandung protein. Seperti: telur dan daging sebesar 104 orang responden (79,4%). Protein dapat mengurangi kenaikan gula darah karena protein bersifat mengenyangkan dan lambat di cerna di dalam tubuh sehingga kalori tubuh pada pasien dm dapat terkontrol. Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan Idris, Jafar dan Indriasari (2014) hasil penelitian pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 diketahui bahwa sebesar 69,6% pasien dengan konsumsi protein kurang sebagian besar yaitu 81,2% memiliki kadar gula darah tidak terkontrol dibandingkan pasien yang memiliki kadar gula darah terkontrol 18,8%. Hasil uji pearson chi square menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara asupan protein dengan kadar gula darah pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2.. Tidak adanya hubungan yang bermakna tingkat asupan protein dengan kontrol kadar gula darah dikarenakan fungsi utama protein adalah untuk pertumbuhan dan mengganti sel-sel yang rusak. Protein akan digunakan sebagai sumber energi apabila ketersediaan energi dari sumber lain yaitu karbohidrat dan lemak tidak mencukupi melalui proses glikoneogenesis. Pada item 6 yang membatasi makanan asin yang menjawab sering sebesar 83 orang responden (63,4%) dan item 7 yang membatasi makanan yang banyak mengandunng lemak dan kolestrol tinggi. Seperti: santan, udang dan kepiting yang menjawab sering sebesar 88 orang responden (67,2%). Responden memiliki kesadaran tinggi dalam membatasi makanan yang banyak mengandung garam, lemak dan kolestrol tinggi. Banyak responden mengatakan bahwa makanan asin, lemak dan kolestrol tinggi dapat memperberat penyakit diabetes melitus yang diderita sehingga mereka selalu berusaha menjaga asupan yang dikonsumsi. Dari penyuluhan yang di dapat mereka mengatakan bahwa makanan yang asin akan menyebabkan hipertensi dan jika hipertensi tidak dapat di kontrol maka akan meyebabkan stroke. Sedangkan untuk lemak dan kolestrol tinggi, mereka lebih suka menjaga karena umur mereka rentan dengan penyakit stroke. Hal ini sesuai dengan penelitian Zainudin dan Yunawati (2012) Asupan garam yang berlebihan terus-menerus dapat memicu tekanan darah tinggi. Ginjal akan mengeluarkan kelebihan tersebut melalui urin. Apabila fungsi ginjal tidak optimal, kelebihan natrium tidak dapat dibuang dan menumpuk di dalam darah. Volume cairan tubuh akan meningkat dan membuat jantung dan pembuluh darah bekerja lebih keras untuk memompa darah dan mengalirkannya ke seluruh tubuh. Tekanan darah pun akan meningkat, inilah yang terjadi pada hipertensi. Selama konsumsi garam tidak berlebihan dan sesuai kebutuhan, kondisi pembuluh darah akan baik, ginjal pun akan berfungsi baik, serta proses kimiawi dan faal tubuh tetap berjalan normal tidak ada gangguan. Asupan lemak berfungsi sebagai sumber pembangun jika sesuai dengan kebutuhan asupan lemak yang di butuhkan tetapi asupan lemak akan menjadi masalah ketika asupan lemak yang masuk berlebih dari asupan lemak yang dibutuhkan. Konsumsi pangan sumber lemak yang tinggi terutama lemak jenuh membuat kolesterol low density lipoprotein (LDL) meningkat yang lama-kelamaan akan tertimbun dalam tubuh dan dapat membentuk plak di pembuluh darah. Plak tersebut akan menyumbat pembuluh darah sehingga mempengaruhi peningkatan tekanan darah. Membatasi konsumsi lemak dilakukan agar kadar kolesterol darah tidak terlalu tinggi. Kadar kolesterol darah yang tinggi dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya endapan kolesterol dalam dinding pembuluh darah. Apalabila dibiarkan maka akan menyumbat pembuluh nadi dan mengganggu sistem peredaran darah yang dapat memperberat kerja jantung dan secara tidak langsung memperparah tekanan darah Pada item 9, 10 dan 13 responden olahraga 3-5 kali dalam seminggu yang menjawab jarang 71 orang responden (54,2%), responden yang melakukan jalan santai disekitaran komplek setiap pagi atau sore yang menjawab selalu 52 orang responden (39,7%), dan waktu yang dihabiskan responden untuk olahraga adalah 30-60 menit yang menjawab jarang 56 orang responden (42,7%). Di musim pandemi seperti sekarang olahraga sangat di anjurkan dengan mematuhi protokol kesehatan. Kesadaran responden tentang pentingnya olahraga dengan berjalan santai di sekitaran komplek rumah merupakan aktivitas fisik sedang. Banyak manfaat yang didapatkan ketika melakukan jalan santai dengan waktu 30-60 menit yaitu ketika tubuh beraktivitas makan glukosa dalam tubuh akan diubah menjadi energi. Hal ini sesuai dengan WHO (2018) Pada kasus diabetes tipe 2 aktivitas fisik sangat membantu dalam penyerapan glukosa darah kedalam otot. Pada saat otot berkontraksi permeabilitas membran terhadap glukosa meningkat. Sehingga saat otot berkontaksi akan bertindak seperti insulin. Maka dari itu saat beraktivitas fisik, resistensi insulin berkurang. Dukungan Keluarga Penelitian yang telah dilakukan terhadap 131 responden didapatkan bahwa dukungan keluarga pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki dukungan keluarga baik dengan jumlah 129 orang responden (98,5%). Penelitian ini didukung dengan penelitian Isfandiari dan Wardani (2014) yaitu responden yang mendapatkan dukungan keluarga melakukan pengendalian kadar gula darah kurang baik sebesar 23,5% (8 responden) dan melakukan pengendalian kadar gula darah dengan baik sebesar 32,4% (11 responden). Hal ini sejalan dengan penelitian Nuraisyah, Kusnanto dan Rahayujati (2017) yaitu adanya hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup pasien DM II (p-value: 0,00). Untuk hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa adanya hubungan dukungan keluarga yang ditinjau dari empat dimensi yaitu dimensi emosional (p-value: 0,00), dimensi penghargaan (p-value: 0,00), dan dimensi instrumental (p-value: 0,00). Sementara untuk hasil nilai analisis diperoleh bahwa adanya hubungan variabel komplikasi dengan kualitas hidup pasien DM II (p-value: 0,02). Item 1,2,3 dan 4 merupakan dukungan emosional. Rata-rata responden menjawab sering mendapatkan dukungan emosional yang baik. Dengan jawaban tersebut maka keluarga bagi responden sangat dibutuhkan ketika responden mengalami kesulitan tentang diabetes yang dideritanya. Ketika seorang keluarga yang menderita diabetes sangat butuh tempat untuk bercerita, hal pertama yang akan dilakukan responden adalah bercerita dengan keluarga. Sedangkan respon keluarga yang menunjukkan rasa empati akan membuat responden semakin nyaman bercerita dan terasa lega setelah bercerita. Ini sangat membantu responden yang berkeinginan untuk sembuh ataupun untuk mempertahankan gula darah tetap terkontrol sehingga tidak menimbulkan komplikasi yang tidak diinginkan. Pada item 5 dan 6 merupakan dimensi penghargaan. Rata-rata responden menjawab sering pada item tersebut. Dengan jawaban tersebut, penghargaan yang diterima responden berupa dorongan agar tetap mempertahan kadar gula darah tetap normal dengan mengingatkan responden untuk tetap memesan obat diabetes dan menjaga keteraturan waktu diet. Hal ini dapat membuat responden sangat diperhatikan dan dihargai oleh keluarga sehingga mampu menambah semangat responden agar tetap menjaga kadar gula darah tetap normal dan menghindari komplikasi yang ditimbulkan oleh diabetes melitus. Pada item 7 dan 8 merupakan dimensi instrumental. Rata-rata responden menjawab selalu untuk item 7 dan sering untuk item 8. Dengan jawaban tersebut, dukungan keluarga berupa dimensi instrumental yaitu mengembalikan energi atau stamina dan semangat yang menurun serta memberi rasa perhatian dan kepedulian terhadap responden yang menderita diabetes melitus yang sedang berusaha untuk tetap menjaga dan mengontrol agar gula darahnya tetap normal. Pada item 9,10,11 dan 12 merupakan dimensi informasi. Rata-rata jawaban responden pada ke empat item tersebut adalah sering. Ini menunjukan bahwa keluarga mampu memberikan informasi yang baik untuk responden sehingga menekan stressor yang muncul akibat penyakit yang diderita. Sehingga responden mampu untuk mengolah informasi yang didapat agar diabetes yang diderita tidak dapat menimbulkan komplikasi dan tetap menjaga gula darah tetap normal. PENUTUPAN Kesimpulan Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik umur responden yang menderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 terjadi pada usia lansia akhir yaitu 56-65 tahun dan diabetes melitus tipe 2 banyak diderita oleh laki-laki sebanyak 69 orang responden. Rata- rata riwayat pendidikan terakhir responden sebagian besar adalah tamatan SMA sebanyak 49 orang responden. pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki lebih banyak mnderita komplikasi sebesar 120 orang responden. Sedangkan, jenis komplikasi yang banyak diderita responden perempuan adalah neurophaty (kebas) sebesar 91 orang responden. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola hidup meliputi pola makan dan aktivitas fisik pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki didapatkan pola hidup baik dengan jumlah 107 orang responden (81,7%). Sedangkan, dukungan keluarga pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki dukungan keluarga baik dengan jumlah 129 orang responden (98,5%). Ini berarti pola hidup yang baik dapat juga dipengaruhi oleh dukungan keluarga yang baik sehingga membuat penderita semakin bersemangat untuk menerapkan pola sehat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Saran Bagi Mahasiswa hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi masukan, media pembelajaran dan referensi tambahan bagi profesi keperawatan dalam melakukan pengkajian pada pasien DM tipe 2 baik dari segi pola makan, aktivitas fisik dan dukungan keluarga. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi referensi untuk peneliti selanjutnya dan bahan perbandingan dan bahan pertimbangan untuk lebih memperdalam penelitian selanjutnya dengan desain berbeda. Bagi puskesmas hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi masukan bagi puskesmas untuk melakukan penyuluhan tentang diabetes melitus minimal 2 kali bulan sekali khusus pada pasien diabetes melitus agar pasien yang belum sempat mendengarkan penyuluhan sebelum dilakukan pelayanan bisa mendengarkan kembali informasi terbaru seputar diabetes melitus. Iis Dian Saviqoh, Mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Riau, Indonesia Yesi Hasneli, Dosen Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Riau, Indonesia Nopriadi, Dosen Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Riau, Indonesia DAFTAR PUSTAKA Adliyani, Z. (2015). Pengaruh Perilaku Individu Terhadap Hidup Sehat. Majority. 4(7). 109. https://www.google.com/search?q=Pengaruh+Perilaku+Individu+Terhadap+Hidup+Sehat&oq=Pengaruh+Perilaku+Individu+Terhadap+Hidup+Sehat&aqs=chrome..69i57.1720j0j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Arifianto, D,. Marwanti., Daryanti., Suciana, F,. (2019). Penatalaksanaan 5 Pilar Pengendalian DM Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Pasien DM Tipe 2. Jurnal Ilmiah Permas: Jurnal Ilmiah STIKES Kenda. 9(4).312. https://www.google.com/search?q=Penatalaksanaan+5+Pilar+Pengendalian+DM+Terhadap+Kualitas+Hidup+Pasien+DM+Tipe+2.&oq=Penatalaksanaan+5+Pilar+Pengendalian+DM+Terhadap+Kualitas+Hidup+Pasien+DM+Tipe+2. &aqs=chrome..69i57.1975j0j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Aulia, A., Yulianti, A,. (2019). Pengaruh City Branding “A Land Of Harmony” Terhadap Minat Berkunjung dan Keputusan Berkunjung ke Puncak, Kabupaten Bogor. Jurnal Ilmia MEA.3(3).70 Andarmoyo, S. 2012. Keperawatan keluarga: konsep teori, proses, dan praktik keperawatan. Yogyakarta : Graha Ilmu. Arimbi, D., Lita., Indra, R,. (2020). Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Motivasi Mengontrol Kadar Gula Darah Pada Pasien DM Tipe II. Jurnal Keperawatan Abdurrab. 4(1). https://www.google.com/search?q=Pengaruh+Pendidikan+Kesehatan+Motivasi+Mengontrol+Kadar+Gula+Darah+Pada+Pasien+DM+Tipe+II&oq=Pengaruh+Pendidikan+Kesehatan+Motivasi+Mengontrol+Kadar+Gula+Darah+Pada+Pasien+DM+Tipe+II&aqs=chrome..69i57.1392j0j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Baequni, A., Harnany, A., Rumimper, E,. (2015). Pengaruh Pola Makan Tinggi Kalori terhadap Peningkatan Kadar Gula Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Jurnal Riset Kesehatan. 4(1) https://www.google.com/search?q=).+Pengaruh+Pola+Makan+Tinggi+Kalori+terhadap+Peningkatan+Kadar+Gula+Darah+pada+Penderita+Diabetes+Melitus+Tipe+2.&oq=).+Pengaruh+Pola+Makan+Tinggi+Kalori+terhadap+Peningkatan+Kadar+Gula+Darah+pada+Penderita+Diabetes+Melitus+Tipe+2.&aqs=chrome..69i57.27309j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Dafriani P. (2017). Hubungan Pola Makan dan Aktifitas Fisik Terhadap Kejadian Diabetes Melitus di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam RSUD dr. Rasidin Padang. Jurnal Keperawatan,13(2), 70-77 https://www.google.com/search?safe=strict&q=Hubungan+Pola+Makan+dan+Aktivitas+Fisik+Terhadap+Kejadian+Diabetes+Melitus+di+Poliklinik+Penyakit+Dalam+RSUD+dr.+Rasidin+Padang&spell=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwis7OO9rZPvAhXVR30KHYQZApoQBSgAegQIAxA1&biw=1366&bih=568 Dalimartha, S., Adrian, F. (2012). Makanan herbal untuk penderita diabetes melitus. Jakarta: Penebat Swadaya Fatimah, N. (2015). Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. J Majority. 4(5). 98-99. https://www.google.com/search?q=Diabetes+Melitus+Tipe+2+fatimah+noor&oq=Diabetes+Melitus+Tipe+2+fatimah+noor&aqs=chrome..69i57.4528j0j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Firman, R., Lukman, M., Mambangsari, C., (2017). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan dengan Dukungan Keluarga dalam Pencegahan Primer Hipertensi. Jurnal Kepemimpinan Pendidikan. 5(2). 199 https://www.google.com/search?q=Faktor-Faktor+Yang+Berhubungan+dengan+Dukungan+Keluarga+dalam+Pencegahan+Primer+Hipertensi&oq=Faktor-Faktor+Yang+Berhubungan+dengan+Dukungan+Keluarga+dalam+Pencegahan+Primer+Hipertensi&aqs=chrome..69i57.1780j0j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Hidayatul, Malini, Huriani. (2019). Peran Dukungan Keluarga Dalam Menurunkan Diabetes Distress Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas. 8(6), 128. https://www.google.com/search?q=Peran+Dukungan+

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Swann, Olivia V., Karl A. Holden, Lance Turtle, Louisa Pollock, Cameron J. Fairfield, Thomas M. Drake, Sohan Seth, et al. "Clinical characteristics of children and young people admitted to hospital with covid-19 in United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study." BMJ, August 27, 2020, m3249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3249.

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Abstract Objective To characterise the clinical features of children and young people admitted to hospital with laboratory confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the UK and explore factors associated with admission to critical care, mortality, and development of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents temporarily related to coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) (MIS-C). Design Prospective observational cohort study with rapid data gathering and near real time analysis. Setting 260 hospitals in England, Wales, and Scotland between 17 January and 3 July 2020, with a minimum follow-up time of two weeks (to 17 July 2020). Participants 651 children and young people aged less than 19 years admitted to 138 hospitals and enrolled into the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emergency Infections Consortium (ISARIC) WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK study with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2. Main outcome measures Admission to critical care (high dependency or intensive care), in-hospital mortality, or meeting the WHO preliminary case definition for MIS-C. Results Median age was 4.6 (interquartile range 0.3-13.7) years, 35% (225/651) were under 12 months old, and 56% (367/650) were male. 57% (330/576) were white, 12% (67/576) South Asian, and 10% (56/576) black. 42% (276/651) had at least one recorded comorbidity. A systemic mucocutaneous-enteric cluster of symptoms was identified, which encompassed the symptoms for the WHO MIS-C criteria. 18% (116/632) of children were admitted to critical care. On multivariable analysis, this was associated with age under 1 month (odds ratio 3.21, 95% confidence interval 1.36 to 7.66; P=0.008), age 10-14 years (3.23, 1.55 to 6.99; P=0.002), and black ethnicity (2.82, 1.41 to 5.57; P=0.003). Six (1%) of 627 patients died in hospital, all of whom had profound comorbidity. 11% (52/456) met the WHO MIS-C criteria, with the first patient developing symptoms in mid-March. Children meeting MIS-C criteria were older (median age 10.7 (8.3-14.1) v 1.6 (0.2-12.9) years; P<0.001) and more likely to be of non-white ethnicity (64% (29/45) v 42% (148/355); P=0.004). Children with MIS-C were five times more likely to be admitted to critical care (73% (38/52) v 15% (62/404); P<0.001). In addition to the WHO criteria, children with MIS-C were more likely to present with fatigue (51% (24/47) v 28% (86/302); P=0.004), headache (34% (16/47) v 10% (26/263); P<0.001), myalgia (34% (15/44) v 8% (21/270); P<0.001), sore throat (30% (14/47) v (12% (34/284); P=0.003), and lymphadenopathy (20% (9/46) v 3% (10/318); P<0.001) and to have a platelet count of less than 150 × 10 9 /L (32% (16/50) v 11% (38/348); P<0.001) than children who did not have MIS-C. No deaths occurred in the MIS-C group. Conclusions Children and young people have less severe acute covid-19 than adults. A systemic mucocutaneous-enteric symptom cluster was also identified in acute cases that shares features with MIS-C. This study provides additional evidence for refining the WHO MIS-C preliminary case definition. Children meeting the MIS-C criteria have different demographic and clinical features depending on whether they have acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (polymerase chain reaction positive) or are post-acute (antibody positive). Study registration ISRCTN66726260.

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Eloir Gabriel, Mateus, Luan Cleber Henker, Christofe Carneiro, Anderson Gris, Renata Assis Casagrande, Teane Milagres Augusto Gomes, Diovane Medeiros Dos Santos, and Ricardo Evandro Gomes. "Typhlocolitis by Edwardsiella tarda in a Cow." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 47 (April 12, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.91420.

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Background: Edwardsiella tarda has been report as etiology of gastroenteritis in both human and veterinary medicine, usually associated with exposure to aquatic environments in immunocompromised individuals. The present report describes a case of typhlocolitis in a cow in the west region of Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Case: After clinically evaluation of animal and proceeding euthanasia and realized the necropsy. Tissue samples were collected, and routinely processed for histological examination. Histopathological lesions were described as mild, moderate and severe. Tissue and swabs samples of small and large intestine were sent to standard microbiological culture processing. At necropsy, cattle presented severe dehydration and emaciation. Eye and vaginal mucosa were severely congested. The opening of the abdominal cavity revealed a great amount of greenish fluid and a large amount of fecal material, associated with diffuse severe peritonitis, evidenced by hyperemia and severe deposition of fibrin in the visceral and parietal peritoneal surface. In the serosa of the cecum, there were two points of rupture, observed in the proximal colon. The mucosa of cecum and colon were severely edematous, hyperemic, and presented diffusely distributed pinpoint round hemorrhages, as well as fibrinonecrotic material adhered to the surface. Histologically, in the mucosa of cecum and colon, moderate to severe diffuse inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells associated with multifocal severe necrosis were observed. Moderate diffuse fibrin deposition was evidenced in the submucosa and muscular, as well as multifocal moderate necrosis in the muscular layer. In the serous, severe diffuse inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophils associated with fibrin deposition and innumerous coccoid bacterial colonies were observed. The samples subjected to bacterial isolation showed growth of Edwardsiella tarda. All samples were negative for Salmonella spp. and Yersinia spp.Discussion: The final diagnosis was established through the association of clinical history, clinical signs, gross and histopathological lesions, as well as, bacterial isolation of the etiological agent, Edwardsiella tarda. In this case, it is conjectured that the reservoirs which cattle had access represented the source of infection. The fact that the animal was in the immediate postpartum period may have predisposed to the development of clinical disease due to immunosuppression. In domestic animals, Edwardsiella tarda has been reported in swine, and as a cause of septicemia in calves. Clinically, intestinal manifestations observed in edwardsiellosis in cattle are indistinguishable from several other conditions that cause diarrhea, such as infectious, nutritional or parasitic diseases. The main differential diagnoses are salmonellosis and yersiniosis due to the similarities regarding to gross and histopathological lesions in these cases compared to cases of edwardsiellosis. Salmonellosis is characterized by grey to yellowish, fetid diarrhea in which blood and mucus are oftentimes observed. At necropsy, catarrhal, hemorrhagic or fibrinous enteritis may be evidenced. The lesions initially are seen in the ileum. However, in the chronic stages of infection, foci of necrosis and ulceration may be noted mainly in the cecum and colon. Histologically, a fibrin layer associated with necrosis and mucosal ulceration can be observed in the small intestine and initial portion of large intestine. Inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly by neutrophils, as well as fibrin thrombi in capillaries and venules are also observed. Lesions observed are similar that described in ulcerative colitis by E. tarda in human patients. In conclusion, Edwardsiella tarda can lead to a fatal typhlocolitis in cattle, being an important differential diagnosis in cases of acute diarrhea.Arya A.V., Rostom A., Dong W.F. & Flynn A.N. 2011. Crohn’s Disease Exacerbation Induced by Edwardsiella tarda Gastroenteritis. Gastroenterology. 5(3): 623-627.Engel J.J. & Martin T.L. 2006. Edwardsiella tarda as a cause of postdysenteric ulcerative colitis. International Journal Colarectal Disease. 21(2): 184-185.Ewing W.H., McWhorter A.C., Escobar M.R. & Lubin A.H. 1965. Edwardsiella, a new genus of enterobacteriaceae based on a new species, E. tarda. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 15(1): 33-38.Gelberg H.B. 2013.Sistema Alimentar, Peritônio, Omento Mesentério e Cavidade Peritonial. In: McGavin M.D. & Zachary F.M. (Eds). Bases da patologia em veterinária. 2.ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, pp.378-382.Janda J.M. & Abbott S.L. 1993.Infections Associated with the Genus Edwardsiella: the role of Edwardsiella tarda in human disease. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 17(4): 742-748.Leung K.Y., Siame B.A., Tenkink B.J., Noort R.J. & Mok Y.K. 2012. Edwardsiella tarda – Virulence mechanisms of an emerging gastroenteritis pathogen. Microbes and Infection. 14(1): 26-34. Litton K.M. & Rogers B.A. 2016. Edwardsiella tarda Endocarditis Confirmed by Indium-111 White Blood Cell Scan: An Unusual Pathogen and Diagnostic Modality. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases. 2016:1-3. Magalhães H., Freitas M.A., Santos J.A. & Costa C.H.C. 1984. Septicemia por Edwardsiella tarda, em bezerro. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira. 19(3): 367-370.Hirai Y., Ashata-Tago S., Ainoda Y., Fujita T. & Kikuchi K. 2015.Edwardsiella tarda bacteremia. A rare but fatal water – and foodborne infection: Review of the literature and clinical cases from a single centre. The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology. 26(6): 313-318. Mikamo H., Ninomiya M., Sawamura H. & Tamaya T. 2003. Puerperal intrauterine infection caused by Edwardsiella tarda. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy. 9(4): 341-343.Mohanti B.R. & Sahoo P.K. 2007. Edwardsiellosis in ﬁsh: a brief review. Journal of biosciences. 32(7): 1331-1344. Owens D.R., Nelson S.L. & Addinon J.B. 1974. Isolation of Edwardsiella tarda from Swine. Appllied microbiology. 27(4): 703-705.Park S.B., Aokil T. & Jung T.S. 2012. Pathogenesis of and strategies for preventing Edwardsiella tarda infection in fish. Veterinary Research. 43(1): 67.Riet-Correa F., Schild A.L., Méndez M.D.C. & Lemos R.A.A. 2007.Doenças de Ruminantes e Equídeos. 3.ed. Santa Maria: Pallotti, 998p. Slaven E.M., Lopez F.A., Hart S.M. & Sanders C.V. 2001. Myonecrosis Caused by Edwardsiella tarda: A Case Report and Case Series of Extraintestinal E. tarda Infections. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 32(10): 1430-1433.Tamada T., Koganemaru H., Mastsumoto K. & Hitomi S. 2009.Urosepsis caused by Edwardsiella tarda Journal of infection and chemotherapy. 15(3): 191-194.Thune R.L., Stanley L.A. & Cooper R.K. 1993. Pathogenesis of gram-negative bacterial infections in warm water fish. Annual Reviem of Fish Diseases. 3: 37-68.Uzal F.A., Plattiner B.L. & Hostetter J.M. 2015. Alimentary system. In: Maxie M.G. (Ed). Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer’s Pathology of domestic animals.v.2. 6th edn. Saint Louis: Elsevier, pp.167-177. Wang I.K., Kuo H.L., Chen Y.M., Lin C.L., Chang H.Y., Chuang F.R. & Lee M.H. 2005. Extraintestinal manifestations of Edwardsiella tarda infection. International Journal of Clinical Practice. 59(8): 917-921.

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Duong, Nguyen Phuc, Vu Thi Hoai Huong, and Dao Thi Thuy Nguyet. "Effect of substituted concentration on structure and magnetic properties of Y3Fe5-xInxO12." VNU Journal of Science: Mathematics - Physics 34, no. 4 (December 18, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1124/vnumap.4298.

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Abstract: This study examines the effect of substituted concentration on the structure and magnetic properties of Y3Fe5-xInxO12 (x = 0.1 ÷ 0.7) powder samples prepared using the sol-gel method. The morphological properties of the samples were analysed using XRD, SEM. The single phase of garnet was obtained in x = 0.1 ÷ 0.6 samples. The lattice parameters of the samples exhibit a linear increase with the increasing In3+ content, which can be explained by a substitution of In3+ ions for Fe3+ ions, considering the larger ionic radius of In3+ compared with that of Fe3+. Crystallite sizes were determined via the XRD data which are of 38 – 49 nm while the particle sizes were estimated from SEM images to be in range of 50 - 100 nm. Magnetization and Curie temperature of the single phase samples were studied by magnetization curves in fields up to 10 kOe and in the temperature range from 80 K to 560K. With the increase of In3+, the magnetization gradually increases while the Curie temperature decreases due to the occupation of In atoms at the a sites and the reduction of intersublattice interaction, respectively. Keywords: Yttrium iron garnet, Indium substitution, cation distribution, magnetization, Curie temperature. References[1] R. L. Streever, Anisotropic exchange in ErIG, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 278 (1-2) (2014) 223-230.[2] N.I. Tsidaeva, The magnetic and magnetooptical properties of Y-substituted erbium iron garnet single crystals, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 374 (1-2) (2004) 160-164.[3] Y.Nakata, T. Okada, M. Maeda, S. Higuchi and K. Ueda, Effect of oxidation dynamics on the film characteristics of Ce:YIG thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition, Optics and Lasers in Engineering 44 (2) 2006, 147-154.[4] M. Laulajainen, P. Paturi, J. Raittila, H. Huhtinen, A.B. Abrahamsen, N.H. Andersen and R. Laiho, BixY3-xFe5O12 thin film prepared by laser ablation for magneto-optical imaging of superconducting thin films, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 279 (2-3) (2004) 218-223.[5] A.A. Lagutin, G.E. Fedorov, J. Vanacken and D. Herlach, Magnetic properties of dysprosium Yttrium ferrite garnet in pulsed magnetic fields at low temperatures, Journal of Magnetism and Mmagnetic Materials 195 (1999) 97-106.[6] S.A. Nikotov, Nonlinearity: Magneto-optic microwave interactions. Towards new devices, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (196-197) (1999) 400-403.[7] C.S. Tsai, Wideband tunable microwave devices using, European Ceramic Society 23 (14) (2003) 2721-2726.[8] A. Sztaniszlav, M. Farkas-Jahnke, M. Balla, Kinetics of garnet formation in In3+ substituted systems, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 215-216 (2000) 188-193.[9] R.G. Vidhate, V.D. Murumkas, R.G. Dorik, N.M. Makne, S.R. Nimbore, K.M. Jadhav, Magnetic properties of In Substituted ytrium iron garnet (YIG), Rev. Res. 1(10) (2012) 1-4.[10] G. Cuijing, Z. Wei, J. Rongjin, Z. Yanwei, Effect of In3+ substitution on the structure and magnetic properties of multi-doped YIG ferrites with low saturation magnetizations, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 323, (2011) 611-615.[11] Vu Thi Hoai Huong, Dao Thi Thuy Nguyet, To Thanh Loan, Luong Ngoc Anh, Nguyen Phuc Duong, Than Duc Hien, Structural and magnetic properties of Y3-2xCa2xFe5-xVxO12 nanoparticles prepared by sol-gel method, Proceeding of the 3rd International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology (2016) 219-223.[12] Imaddin A. Al-Omari, Ralph Skomski, David J. Sellmyer, Magnetic properties of Y3-2xCa2xFe5-xVxO12 garnets, Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2 (2012) 116-120.[13] Rodziah Nazlan, Mansorhashim, Idza Riati Ibrahim, Fadzidah Mohd Idris, Wan Norailiana Wan Ab Rahman, Nor Hapishah Abdullah, Ismayadi Ismail, Saikannu Kanagesan, Zulkifly Abbas, Rabaah Syahidah Azis, Influence of Indium substitution and microstructure changes on the magnetic properties evolution of Y3Fe5-xInxO12 (x = 0.0 – 0.4), Journal of Material Science: Materials in Electronics 26, 6 (2015) 3596-3609.[14] M. Niyaifar, A. Beitollahi, N. Shiri, M. Mozaffari, J. Amighian, Effect of indium addition on the structure and magnetic properties of YIG, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 322 (2010) 777 – 779.[15] J. Richard Cunningham Jr and Elmer E. Anderson, Effect of indium substitution in Yttrium iron garnet. High permeability garnets, Journal of Applied Physics 32, (1961) S388.[16] L. Vegard Dr. Phil, LV. Results of crystal analysis. –III, Philosophical magazine Series 6, 32: 191, 505 – 518.[17] Ronald W. Armstrong, Crystal dislocations, Crystals 6, 1 (2016) 9.[18] Gerald F. Dionne, Molecular field coefficients of substituted yttrium iron garnets, Journal of Applied Physics. 41 (1970) 4874.[19] M.A. Gilleo, Ferromagnetic insulators: Garnets, in: E.P. Wohlfarth (Ed.), Handbook of Magnetic Materials, Volume 2, North-Holland Publishing Company, 1980, 1-54.[20] Z. Azadi Motlagh, M. Mozaffari, J. Smighian, Preparation of nano-sized Al-substituted yttrium iron garnets by the mechanochemical method and investigation of their magnetic properties, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 321 (2009) 1980-1984.[21] P. Belov and I.S. Lyubutin, Effective magnetic fields at tin nuclei in substituted iron garnets CaxY3-x SnxFe5-x O12, Soviet Physics JETP 22 (3) (1966) 518 – 520.

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Van Toan, Dinh. "Research on the Model of Entrepreneurial University and Advanced University Governance: Policy Recommendations for Public Universities in Vietnam." VNU Journal of Science: Policy and Management Studies 37, no. 1 (March 24, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1116/vnupam.4295.

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Today's universities are transforming into the entrepreneurial university model. Along with that is a strong innovation in governance towards autonomy and associated with entrepreneurship, innovation and creativity. The article presents research results on the model of the entrepreneurial university and the advanced university governance in terms of structure and management methods to adapt to this model in the world. Through the review of studies on the current situation, the article contributes a number of policy proposals to meet the requirements of university governance innovation for Vietnamese public universities in the context of transition to a model of entrepreneurial university. Keywords University, Entrepreneurial university, University governance, Vietnam public universities. References [1] D.V. Toan, 2020, Factors Affecting Third Mission Implementation and The Challenges for Vietnam’s Universities in The Transitioning Period. VNU Journal of Science: Economics and Business, 37(3) (2020) 75-84 (in Vietnamese), https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1108/vnueab.4355.[2] A. Bramwell, D.A. Wolfe, Universities and regional economic development: the entrepreneurial University of Waterloo, Res. Policy 37(8) (2008) 1175-1187.[3] K. Yokoyama, Entrepreneurialism in Japanese and UK Universities: Governance, Management, Leadership and Funding, High Education 52 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-005-1168-2.[4] C. Shore, L. McLauchlan, Third mission’ activities, commercialisation and academic entrepreneurs, Social Anthropology/Anthropologie Sociale, 20 (3) (2012) 267-286. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8676.2012.00207.x.[5] H. Etzkowitz The norms of entrepreneurial science: cognitive effects of the new university - industry linkages, Research Policy, 27(8) (1998) 823-833.[6] H. Etzkowitz, L. Leydesdorff, The Dynamics of Innovation: From National Systems and ‘Mode 2’ to a Triple Helix of University - Industry - Government Relations, Research Policy, 29(2) (2000) 109-123.[7] L.B. Costa, A.L. Torkomian, Um Estudo Exploratório sobre um Novo Tipo de Empreendimento: os Spin-ffs Acadêmicos, Rev. Adm. Contemp. 12(2) (2008) 395-427.[8] J.J. Degroof, E.B. Roberts, Overcoming weak entrepreneurial infrastructures for academic spin-off ventures, J. Technol. Transf. 29(3–4) (2004) 327-352.[9] A. Vohora, M. Wright, A. Lockett, Critical junctures in the development of uni-versity high-tech spinout companies, Res. Policy 33(1) (2004) 147-175.[10] V. Revest, A. Sapio, Financing technology-based small firms in Europe: what do we know?, Small Bus. Econ. 39(1) (2010) 179-205.[11] E. Rasmussen, O.J. Borch, University capabilities in facilitating entrepreneurship: a longitudinal study of spin-off ventures at mid-range universities, Res. Policy 39(5) (2010) 602-612.[12] L. Aaboen, Explaining incubators using firm analogy, Technovation 29(10) (2009) 657-670.[13] M. Abreu, V. Grinevich, The nature of academic entrepreneurship in the UK: widening the focus on entrepreneurial activities, Res. Policy 42(2) (2013) 408-422.[14] E. Rasmussen, S. Mosey, M. Wright, The influence of university departments on the evolution of entrepreneurial competencies in spin-off ventures. Res. Policy 43(1) (2014) 92-106.[15] H. Etzkowitz, The Triple Helix: University-Industry-Government Innovation in Action, Taylor and Francis, London, 2008. [16] D.B. Audretsch, From the entrepreneurial university to the university for the en-trepreneurial society, J. Technol. Transfer. 39(3) (2014) 313–321.[17] B.R. Clark, Creating Entrepreneurial Universities: Organizational Pathways of Transformation, Issues in Higher Education, Elsevier, Oxford: IAU Press and Pergamon, New York 1998. [18] B. Sporn, Building Adaptive Universities: Emerging Organisational Forms Based on Experiences of European and US Universities, Education and Management, 7:2 (2001) 121-134. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011346201972.[19] H. Etzkowitz, Research group as ‘quasi-firm’? The invention of the entrepreneurial university. Res. Policy 32 (1) (2003) 109-121.[20] M. Guerrero, D. Kirby and D. Urbano, A Literature Review on Entrepreneurial Universities: An Institutional Approach, Working paper presented at the 3rd Conference of Pre-communications to Congresses, Autonomous University of Barcelona, June 2006.[21] F.T. Rothaermel, S.D. Agung and L. Jiang, University entrepreneurship: a taxonomy of the literature, Industrial and Corporate Change, 16(4) (2007) 691-791. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtm023.[22] A. A. Gibb, G. Haskins & Robertson, Leading the entrepreneurial university, National Council for Graduate Entrepreneurship (NCGE). http://www.ncge.org.uk (accessed 10 November 2020). [23] M. Guerrero, D. Urbano, The development of an entrepreneurial university, The Journal of Technology Transfer 37(1) (2010) 43-74. DOI: 10.1007/s10961-010-9171-x.[24] L.K. Sooreh, Salamzadeh, A., Safarzadeh, H. Salamzadeh, Y., Defining and Measuring Entrepreneurial Universities: A Study in Iranian Context Using Importance-Performance Analysis and TOPSIS Technique, Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 3(2) (2011) 182-199. [25] J.Y. Farsi, N. Imanipour and A. Salamzadeh, Entrepreneurial university conceptualization: case of developing countries, Global Business and Management Research, 4(2) (2012) 193-204. [26] Y.C. Chang, P.Y. Yang, B.R. Martin, H.R. Chi, T.F. Tsai-Lin, Entrepreneurial universities and research ambidexterity: A multilevel analysis, Technovation 54 (2016) 7-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2016.02.006[27] G. Dalmarco, W. Hulsink, G.V. Blois, Creating entrepreneurial universities in an emerging economy: Evidencefrom Brazil, Technological Forecasting & Social Change 135 (2018) 99-111. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2018.04.015.[28] S. Boffo, A. Cocorullo, University Fourth Mission: Spin-offs and Academic Entrenreneurship: Connecting Public Policies with new missions and management issues of universities, Higher Education Forum 16 (2019) 125-142.[29] D.V. Toan, Entrepreneurial Universities and the Development Model for Public Universities in Vietnam, International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 24(1) 2020 1-16. [30] J. Röpke, The Entrepreneurial University, Innovation, academic knowledge creation and regional development in a globalized economy, Working Paper Department of Economics, Philipps- Universität Marburg, Germany: 15, 1998[31] D.V. Toan, H.V. Hai, N.P. Mai, The Role of Entrepreneurship Development in Universities to Promote Knowledge Sharing: The Case of Vietnam National University Hanoi, Proceedings of Asia Pacific Conference on Information Management “Common Platform to A Sustainable Society In The Dynamic Asia Pacific”, VNU Press, Hanoi, October, 2016. [32] D.V. Toan, Development of enterprises in universities and policy implications for university governance reform in Vietnam VNU Journal of Science: Economics and Business, 35(1) (2019) 83-96 (in Vietnamese).[33] P. Zgaga, Higher Education in Transition - Reconsiderations on Higher Education in Europe at the Turn of Millennium, Monographs on Journal of Research in Teacher Education, Ed. Gun-Marie Frånberg, Publisher: Umeå University, 2007. ISBN: 978-91-7264-505-9.[34] J. Fielden, Global Trends in University Governance. Education Working Paper Series, number 9, World Bank, Washington, 2008.[35] A.H. Dooley, The role of academic boards in university governance, Policy paper formulated at the National Conference of Chairs of Academic Boards and Senates, The University of New South Wales, October 2005.[36] A. Lizzio, Student participation in university governance: the role conceptions and sense of efficacy of student representatives on departmental committees, Studies in Higher Education Journal, Taylor & Francis 34(1) (2009) 69-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070802602000.[37] D.V. Toan, Development of Enterprises in Universities: From International Experience to Practices in Vietnam, Vietnam National University Press, Hanoi, 2019, 49-64 (in Vietnamese),.[38] D.V. Toan, H.T.C. Thuong, International experience in university governance and lessons for Vietnam, Economy and Forecast Review 20 (2020) 41-45. [39] D.V. Toan, Business development in universities: International experience and policy recomendation for Vietnam Economy and Forecast Review 35 (2018) 58-60 (in Vietnamese). 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Khang, Nguyen Sinh, Nguyen Thi Hien, Tran Huy Thai, Chu Thi Thu Ha, Nguyen Phuong Hanh, Nguyen Duc Thinh, Nguyen Quang Hieu, and Nguyen Trung Thanh. "Some Biological and Ecological Characteristics of Red Bayberry (Myrica rubra) at Cao Ma Po Commune, Quan Ba District, Ha Giang Province." VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology 34, no. 3 (September 24, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.4768.

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Red bayberry (Myrica rubra (Lour.) Siebold & Zucc.), small trees, evergreen, dioecious, natively grows in evergreen broad-leaved forests at elevation of 1580-1875 m a.s.l., and can survive in low nutrient soil at Cao Ma Po commune, Quan Ba district, Ha Giang province. Some data on morphology, phenology, population structure, natural regeneration and distribution of Red baybery, climatic characteristics, physical and chemical properties of soil, and vegetation structure of forests having Myrica rubra occurrence are presented in this paper. Keywords Red bayberry, Myrica rubra, biology, ecology, conservation, Ha Giang, Vietnam References [1] Lu A. & Bornstein A. J., Myricaceae in Wu Z. Y. & Raven P. H. (eds.). Flora of China Vol. 4, Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis, 1999, pp. 275-276.[2] He X. H., Chen L. G., Asghar S. & Chen Y., Red Bayberry (Myrica rubra), a Promising Fruit and Forest Tree in China, Journal of the American Pomological Society, 58(3), 2004, pp. 163- 168.[3] Joyce D., Khurshid T., Liu S., McGregor G., Li J. & Jiang Y., Red Bayberry-A New and Exciting Crop for Australia? An investigation of the potential for commercialisation of Myrica rubra Sieb. and Zucc. (Yang mei) in Australia, RIRDC Publication No. 05/081, 2005, 26 pp. [4] Sharpe R. H. & Knapp F. W., The Straberry tree, Myrica rubra Sieb. and Zucc., Florida State Horticultural Society, 1972, pp. 326-328. [5] Chai C. Y. & Chen Y. F., Introduction of Yangmei Elite Varieties in California, World Journal of Forestry, 5(1), 2016, pp. 1-6.[6] Fang Z. X., Zhang M., Tao G. J., Sun Y. F. & Sun J. C., Chemical composition of clarified bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb et Zucc.) juice sediment, Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 54(20), 2006, pp. 7710-7716.[7] Cheng J. Y., Ye X. Q., Chen J. C., Liu D. H. & Zhou S. H., Nutritional composition of underutilized bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) kernels, Food Chemistry, 107(4), 2008, pp. 1674-1680.[8] Joyce D. & Sanewski G., The Commercial Potential of Red Bayberry in Australia, RIRDC Publication No. 10/200, 2010, 36 pp.[9] Zhang X. N., Huang H. Z., Zhao X. Y., Lu Q., Sun C. D., Li X., Chen K. S., Effects of ﬂavonoids-rich Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) pulp extracts on glucose consumption in human HepG2 cells, Journal of Functional Foods, 14, 2015, pp. 144-153.[10] Tong Y., Zhou X. M., Wang S. J., Yang Y. & Cao Y. L., Analgesic activity of myricetin isolated from Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc. leaves, Archives of Pharmacal Research, 2(4), 2009, pp. 527-533. [11] Zhang Y., Zhou X. Z., Tao W. Y., Li L. Q., Wei C. Y., Duan J., Chen S. G. & Ye X. Q., Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of proanthocyanidins from Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) leaves, Journal of Functional Foods, 27, 2016, pp. 645-654.[12] Kim H. H., Kim D. H., Kim M. H., Oh M. H., Kim S. R., et al., Flavonoid constituents in the leaves of Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc. with anti-inflammatory activity, Archives of Pharmacal Research, 36(12), 2013, pp. 1533-1540.[13] Kuo P. L., Hsu Y. L., Lin T. C., Lin L. T. & Lin C. C., Induction of apoptosis in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells by prodelphinidin B-2 3,3'-di-O-gallate from Myrica rubra via Fas-mediated pathway, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 56(11), 2004, pp. 1399-1406.[14] Sun C. D., Zheng Y. X., Chen Q. J., Tang X. L., Jiang M., Zhang J. K., Li X. & Chen K. S., Puriﬁcation and anti-tumour activity of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside from Chinese bayberry fruit, Food Chemistry, 131(4), 2012, pp. 1287-1294.[15] Sun C. D., Huang H. Z., Xu C. J., Li X. & Chen K. S., Biological activities of extracts from Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.): A review, Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 68(2), 2013, pp. 97-106.[16] Langhansova L., Hanusova V., Rezek J., Stohanslova B., Ambroz M., et al., Essential oil from Myrica rubra leaves inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in several human intestinal lines, Industrial Crops Products ,59, 2014, pp. 20-26.[17] Ambrǒz M., Bousǒvá I., Skarka A., Hanusǒvá V., Králová V., et al., The Influence of Sesquiterpenes from Myrica rubra on the Antiproliferative and Pro-Oxidative Effects of Doxorubicin and Its Accumulation in Cancer Cells, Molecules, 20(8), 2015, pp. 15343-15358.[18] Lê Mộng Chân và Lê Thị Huyền, Thực Vật Rừng, Nxb Nông nghiệp, Hà Nội, 2000, tr. 149-150.[19] Xia N. H., Myricaceae in Hu Q. M. & Wu D. L. (eds.), Flora of Hong Kong Vol. 1, Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Hong Kong, 2007, pp. 125-126.[20] Nguyễn Sinh Khang, Bùi Hồng Quang, Vũ Tiến Chính, Nguyễn Tiến Hiệp, Nguyễn Quang Hiếu, Nguyễn Thành Sơn, Xia Nian He & Davidson Christopher, Myrica rubra (Lour.) Siebold & Zucc. (Myricaceae): A useful plant resource in Vietnam, Hội nghị Khoa học toàn quốc lần thứ 7 về Sinh thái và Tài nguyên sinh vật, Viện Sinh thái và Tài nguyên sinh vật, Nxb Nông nghiệp, Hà Nội, 2017, pp. 226-232. [21] Nguyễn Nghĩa Thìn, Các phương pháp nghiên cứu thực vật, Nxb. Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội, Hà Nội, 2007.[22] Liesner R., Field Techniques Used by Missouri Botanical Garden, 2018, http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/molib/fieldtechbook/welcome.shtml [23] Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ, Tiêu chuẩn Việt Nam TCVN 7538-2:2005 (ISO 10381 - 2 : 2002) về Chất lượng đất - Lấy mẫu - Phần 2: Hướng dẫn kỹ thuật lấy mẫu.[24] Phạm Hoàng Hộ, Cây cỏ Việt Nam, tập 1, Nxb Trẻ, TP. Hồ Chí Minh, 1999.[25] Phạm Hoàng Hộ, Cây cỏ Việt Nam, tập 2, Nxb Trẻ, TP. Hồ Chí Minh, 2003.[26] Phạm Hoàng Hộ, Cây cỏ Việt Nam, tập 3, Nxb Trẻ, TP. Hồ Chí Minh, 2000.[27] http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2 [28] http://www.theplantlist.org/[29] http://www.iucnredlist.org/ [30] Bộ Khoa học và Công nghệ, Viện Khoa học và Công nghệ Việt Nam, Sách Đỏ Việt Nam. Phần II: Thực vật, Nxb. Khoa học Tự nhiên và Công nghệ, Hà Nội, 2007, 612 tr.[31] Nguyễn Khánh Vân, Nguyễn Thị Hiền, Phan Kế Lộc và Nguyễn Tiến Hiệp, Các biểu đồ sinh khí hậu Việt Nam, Nxb. Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội, 2000, tr. 45, 48, 120, 121.[32] Averyanov L. V., Lộc P. K., Hiệp N. T. & Harder D. K., Phytogeographic Review of Vietnam and Adjacent Areas of Eastern Indochina, Komarovia, 3, 2003, pp. 1-83.[33] Tsujino R. & Yumoto T., Topography-speciﬁc seed dispersal by Japanese macaques in a lowland forest on Yakushima Island, Japan, Journal of Animal Ecology, 78, 2009, pp. 119-125.[34] Đỗ Đình Sâm, Ngô Đình Quế, Nguyễn Tử Siêm và Nguyễn Ngọc Bình, Cẩm nang ngành Lâm nghiệp, Chương Đất và Dinh dưỡng đất, Bộ NN&PTNT, Chương trình hỗ trợ ngành Lâm nghiệp và đối tác, 2006, 143 tr.[35] Li Z. L., Zhang S. L. & Chen D. M., Red bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. & Zucc.): A valuable evergreen tree fruit for tropical and subtropical areas, Acta Horticulture 321, 1992, pp.112-121.[36] Sasakawa H., 1995: Effect of Frankia Inoculation on Growth and Nitrogen-Fixing Activity of Myrica rubra Seedlings Prepared Aseptically, Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 41(4): 691-698.[37] Tian X. R., Shu L. F. & He Q. T., Selection of fire-resistant Tree Species for Southwestern China, Forestry Studies in China, 3(2), 2001, pp. 32-38.[38] Deng C. N., Pan X. M., Zhang H. Y. & Pan X. L., Fire-resistance of six tree species to fire probed by chlorophyll fluorescence, Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 10(2), 2012, pp. 1329-1333.[39] Nguyễn Tiến Bân (Chủ biên), Danh lục các loài Thực vật Việt Nam, tập 2, Nxb. Nông nghiệp, 2003, 1203 tr.[40] Nguyễn Tiến Bân (Chủ biên), Danh lục các loài Thực vật Việt Nam, tập 3, Nxb. Nông nghiệp, 2005, 1248 tr.

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Thanh, Le Trung. "LeTrungThanh Optical Biosensors Based on Multimode Interference and Microring Resonator Structures." VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology 34, no. 1 (March 23, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.4727.

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We review our recent work on optical biosensors based on microring resonators (MRR) integrated with 4x4 multimode interference (MMI) couplers for multichannel and highly sensitive chemical and biological sensors. The proposed sensor structure has advantages of compactness, high sensitivity compared with the reported sensing structures. By using the transfer matrix method (TMM) and numerical simulations, the designs of the sensor based on silicon waveguides are optimized and demonstrated in detail. We applied our structure to detect glucose and ethanol concentrations simultaneously. A high sensitivity of 9000 nm/RIU, detection limit of 2x10-4 for glucose sensing and sensitivity of 6000nm/RIU, detection limit of 1.3x10-5 for ethanol sensing are achieved. Keywords Biological sensors, chemical sensors, optical microring resonators, high sensitivity, multimode interference, transfer matrix method, beam propagation method (BPM), multichannel sensor References [1] Vittorio M.N. Passaro, Francesco Dell’Olio, Biagio Casamassima et al., "Guided-Wave Optical Biosensors," Sensors, vol. 7, pp. 508-536, 2007.[2] Caterina Ciminelli, Clarissa Martina Campanella, Francesco Dell’Olio et al., "Label-free optical resonant sensors for biochemical applications," Progress in Quantum Electronics, vol. 37, pp. 51-107, 2013.[3] Wen Wang (Editor), Advances in Chemical Sensors: InTech, 2012.[4] Lei Shi, Yonghao Xu, Wei Tan et al., "Simulation of Optical Microfiber Loop Resonators for Ambient Refractive Index Sensing," Sensors, vol. 7, pp. 689-696, 2007.[5] Huaxiang Yi, D. S. Citrin, and Zhiping Zhou, "Highly sensitive silicon microring sensor with sharp asymmetrical resonance," Optics Express, vol. 18, pp. 2967-2972, 2010.[6] Zhixuan Xia, Yao Chen, and Zhiping Zhou, "Dual Waveguide Coupled Microring Resonator Sensor Based on Intensity Detection," IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol. 44, pp. 100-107, 2008.[7] V. M. Passaro, F. Dell’Olio, and F. Leonardis, "Ammonia Optical Sensing by Microring Resonators," Sensors, vol. 7, pp. 2741-2749, 2007.[8] C. Lerma Arce, K. De Vos, T. Claes et al., "Silicon-on-insulator microring resonator sensor integrated on an optical fiber facet," IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol. 23, pp. 890 - 892, 2011.[9] Trung-Thanh Le, "Realization of a Multichannel Chemical and Biological Sensor Using 6x6 Multimode Interference Structures," International Journal of Information and Electronics Engineering, Singapore, vol. 2, pp. 240-244, 2011.[10] Trung-Thanh Le, "Microring resonator Based on 3x3 General Multimode Interference Structures Using Silicon Waveguides for Highly Sensitive Sensing and Optical Communication Applications," International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, vol. 11, pp. 31-39, 2013.[11] K. De Vos, J. Girones, T. Claes et al., "Multiplexed Antibody Detection With an Array of Silicon-on-Insulator Microring Resonators," IEEE Photonics Journal, vol. 1, pp. 225 - 235, 2009.[12] Daoxin Dai, "Highly sensitive digital optical sensor based on cascaded high-Q ring-resonators," Optics Express, vol. 17, pp. 23817-23822, 2009.[13] Adrián Fernández Gavela, Daniel Grajales García, C. Jhonattan Ramirez et al., "Last Advances in Silicon-Based Optical Biosensors," Sensors, vol. 16, 2016.[14] Xiuyou Han, Yuchen Shao, Xiaonan Han et al., "Athermal optical waveguide microring biosensor with intensity interrogation," Optics Communications, vol. 356, pp. 41-48, 2015.[15] Yao Chen, Zhengyu Li, Huaxiang Yi et al., "Microring resonator for glucose sensing applications," Frontiers of Optoelectronics in China, vol. 2, pp. 304-307, 2009/09/01 2009.[16] Gun-Duk Kim, Geun-Sik Son, Hak-Soon Lee et al., "Integrated photonic glucose biosensor using a vertically coupled microring resonator in polymers," Optics Communications, vol. 281, pp. 4644-4647, 2008.[17] Carlos Errando-Herranz, Farizah Saharil, Albert Mola Romero et al., "Integration of microfluidics with grating coupled silicon photonic sensors by one-step combined photopatterning and molding of OSTE," Optics Express, vol. 21, pp. 21293-21298, 2013.[18] Trung-Thanh Le, "Two-channel highly sensitive sensors based on 4 × 4 multimode interference couplers," Photonic Sensors, vol. 7, pp. 357-364, 2017/12/01 2017.[19] Duy-Tien Le and Trung-Thanh Le, "Coupled Resonator Induced Transparency (CRIT) Based on Interference Effect in 4x4 MMI Coupler," International Journal of Computer Systems (IJCS), vol. 4, pp. 95-98, May 2017.[20] Trung-Thanh Le, "All-optical Karhunen–Loeve Transform Using Multimode Interference Structures on Silicon Nanowires," Journal of Optical Communications, vol. 32, pp. 217-220, 2011.[21] L.B. Soldano and E.C.M. Pennings, "Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging :principles and applications," IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 13, pp. 615-627, Apr 1995.[22] Trung-Thanh Le, Multimode Interference Structures for Photonic Signal Processing: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2010.[23] J.M. Heaton and R.M. Jenkins, " General matrix theory of self-imaging in multimode interference(MMI) couplers," IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol. 11, pp. 212-214, Feb 1999 1999.[24] Trung-Thanh Le and Laurence Cahill, "Generation of two Fano resonances using 4x4 multimode interference structures on silicon waveguides," Optics Communications, vol. 301-302, pp. 100-105, 2013.[25] W. Green, R. Lee, and G. DeRose et al., "Hybrid InGaAsP-InP Mach-Zehnder Racetrack Resonator for Thermooptic Switching and Coupling Control," Optics Express, vol. 13, pp. 1651-1659, 2005.[26] Trung-Thanh Le and Laurence Cahill, "The Design of 4×4 Multimode Interference Coupler Based Microring Resonators on an SOI Platform," Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, Poland, pp. 98-102, 2009.[27] Duy-Tien Le, Manh-Cuong Nguyen, and Trung-Thanh Le, "Fast and slow light enhancement using cascaded microring resonators with the Sagnac reflector," Optik - International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, vol. 131, pp. 292–301, Feb. 2017.[28] Xiaoping Liang, Qizhi Zhang, and Huabei Jiang, "Quantitative reconstruction of refractive index distribution and imaging of glucose concentration by using diffusing light," Applied Optics, vol. 45, pp. 8360-8365, 2006/11/10 2006.[29] C. Ciminelli, F. Dell’Olio, D. Conteduca et al., "High performance SOI microring resonator for biochemical sensing," Optics & Laser Technology, vol. 59, pp. 60-67, 2014.[30] Trung-Thanh Le, "Two-channel highly sensitive sensors based on 4 × 4 multimode interference couplers," Photonic Sensors, pp. 1-8, DOI: 10.1007/s13320-017-0441-1, 2017.[31] O. A. Marsh, Y. Xiong, and W. N. Ye, "Slot Waveguide Ring-Assisted Mach–Zehnder Interferometer for Sensing Applications," IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, vol. 23, pp. 440-443, 2017.[32] Juejun Hu, Xiaochen Sun, Anu Agarwal et al., "Design guidelines for optical resonator biochemical sensors," Journal of the Optical Society of America B, vol. 26, pp. 1032-1041, 2009/05/01 2009.[33] Y. Chen, Y. L. Ding, and Z. Y. Li, "Ethanol Sensor Based on Microring Resonator," Advanced Materials Research, vol. 655-657, pp. 669-672, 2013.[34] Sasikanth Manipatruni, Rajeev K. Dokania, Bradley Schmidt et al., "Wide temperature range operation of micrometer-scale silicon electro-optic modulators," Optics Letters, vol. 33, pp. 2185-2187, 2008.[35] Ming Han and Anbo Wang, "Temperature compensation of optical microresonators using a surface layer with negative thermo-optic coefficient," Optics Letters, vol. 32, pp. 1800-1802, 2007.[36] Kristinn B. Gylfason, Albert Mola Romero, and Hans Sohlström, "Reducing the temperature sensitivity of SOI waveguide-based biosensors," 2012, pp. 84310F-84310F-15.[37] Chun-Ta Wang, Cheng-Yu Wang, Jui-Hao Yu et al., "Highly sensitive optical temperature sensor based on a SiN micro-ring resonator with liquid crystal cladding," Optics Express, vol. 24, pp. 1002-1007, 2016.[38] Feng Qiu, Feng Yu, Andrew M. Spring et al., "Athermal silicon nitride ring resonator by photobleaching of Disperse Red 1-doped poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer," Optics Letters, vol. 37, pp. 4086-4088, 2012.[39] Biswajeet Guha, Bernardo B. C. Kyotoku, and Michal Lipson, "CMOS-compatible athermal silicon microring resonators," Optics Express, vol. 18, pp. 3487-3493, 2010.[40] Sahba Talebi Fard, Valentina Donzella, Shon A. Schmidt et al., "Performance of ultra-thin SOI-based resonators for sensing applications," Optics Express, vol. 22, pp. 14166-14179, 2014.[41] T. T. Bui and T. T. Le, "Glucose sensor based on 4x4 multimode interference coupler with microring resonators," in 2017 International Conference on Information and Communications (ICIC), 2017, pp. 224-228.[42] Chung-Yen Chao and L. Jay Guo, "Design and Optimization of Microring Resonators in Biochemical Sensing Applications," IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 24, pp. 1395-1402, 2006.[43] A. Yariv, "Universal relations for coupling of optical power between microresonators and dielectric waveguides," Electronics Letters, vol. 36, pp. 321–322, 2000.[44] Xiaoyan Zhou, Lin Zhang, and Wei Pang, "Performance and noise analysis of optical microresonator-based biochemical sensors using intensity detection," Optics Express, vol. 24, pp. 18197-18208, 2016/08/08 2016.[45] James H. Wade and Ryan C. Bailey, "Applications of Optical Microcavity Resonators in Analytical Chemistry," Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry, vol. 9, pp. 1-25, 2016.

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Anh, Nguyen Hoang, and Hoang Bao Tram. "Policy Implications to Improve the Business Environment to Encourage Female Entrepreneurship in the North of Vietnam." VNU Journal of Science: Economics and Business 33, no. 5E (December 28, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1108/vnueab.4078.

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Abstract: Nowadays, Vietnamese women are participating actively in parts of the economy that were previously deemed male domain. Women are involved in business activities at all levels in Vietnam, making significant contributions to the economic development of the country. By December 2011, there were 81,226 small and medium enterprises headed by women, accounting for 25% of the total number of enterprises in the country (GSO, 2013). In Vietnam, despite recent economic development, socio-cultural and legal barriers are still very difficult for women since the general perception in society is that a woman’s main duty is to be a good housewife and mother and they are also often perceived as weak, passive and irrational (VWEC, 2007). Even though the studies related to women entrepreneurship development are quite extensive, amongst them only a limited number of researches on the role of legal and socio - cultural barriers on women entrepreneurs in the context of Vietnam have been investigated. Thus, supported by the World Trade Institute (WTI) in Bern, Switzerland, the researchers have chosen this as the subject of this study. Based on a quantitative survey of 110 companies in Hanoi and adjacent areas, the research has taken legal and socio - cultural barriers and explored their effect on the development of women entrepreneurship in the context of Vietnam in order to indicate how women entrepreneurs perceive the impact of socio-cultural factors, economic impacts, and policy reforms on their entrepreneurial situations and initiatives, and to then provide policy implications for promoting women’s entrepreneurship and gender equality in Vietnam. Keywords Entrepreneurship, female entrepreneurs, gender equality, Vietnam References Acs, Z. & Varga, A. (2005) ‘Entrepreneurship, agglomeration and technological change’, Small Business Economics, 24, 323---334. Avin, R.M & Kinney, L.P (2014). Trends in Female Entrepreneurship in Vietnam Preliminary paper presented at the 23th Annual Conference on Feminist Economics sponsored by IAFFE, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana, June 27-29, 2014.Avin, R.-M., & Kinney, L. P. (2014) ‘Trends in Women entrepreneurship in Vietnam’, 23rd Annual Conference on Feminist Economics, Ghana: 27 – 29 June.Bruton, G. D., Ahlstrom, D., & Obloj, K. (2008). Entrepreneurship in emerging economies: where are we today and where should the research go in the future. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 32(1), 1–14.Bunck, J. M. 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Vietnam: Food and Agricultural Organisation and United Nations Development Programme. Available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/ac685e/ac685e00.htm [Accessed 7 December 2015].Fuentelsaz, L., González, C., Maícas, J., & Montero, J. (2015). ‘How different formal institutions affect opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship’. Business Research Quarterly, 18(4), 246-258. Gallup, J (2004) The wage labor market and inequality in Vietnam. In Economic growth, poverty, and household welfare in Vietnam edited by Paul Glewwe, Nisha Agrawal, and David Dollar. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.General Statistics Office of Vietnam (GSO) (2014), Population and employment Report 2014Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. (2013). Vietnam report 2013. United Kingdom. Retrieved from: www.gemconsortium.orgHampel-Milagrosa, A., Pham, H., Nguyen, Q., and Nguyen, T. (2010) ‘Gender-Related Obstacles to Vietnamese Women Entrepreneurs’. Vietnam: United Nations Industrial Development Organisation and Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Available at: http://www.un.org.vn/en/publications/publications-by-agency/doc_details/294-gender-related-obstacles-to-vietnamese-women-entrepreneurs. html [Accessed 7 December 2015].Hang, T.T.T. (2008), “Women’s leadership in Vietnam: opportunities and challenges”, Signs, Vol. 34 No. 1, pp. 16-21. Hirschman, C. and V. M. Loi (1996) Family and Household Structure in Vietnam: Some glimpses from a recent survey, Pacific Affairs Vol 69 (No. 2 (Summer 1996)): 229-249Hoang, B.T. (2010), “Rural employment and life: challenges to gender roles in Vietnam’s agriculture at present”, paper presented at the FAO-IFAD-ILO Workshop on Gaps, Trends and Current Research in Gender Dimensions of Agricultural and Rural Employment: Differentiated Pathways Out of Poverty Rome, 31 March-2 April 2009, available at: www.fao-ilo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/fao_ilo/pdf/Papers/16_march/Thinh_final.pdf Hoang, C., Hoang, C.L.T.S, Nguyen, T.P.C, Ngo, T.P.L, Tran, T.N, Vu, T.L (2013), The women’s access to land in contemporary Vietnam. UNDP Report 2013Hoskisson, R. E., Eden, L., Lau, C.M., &Wright, M. (2000). Strategy in emerging economies. Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), 249–267.ILO (2011) ‘Creation of an enabling environment for women entrepreneur in Vietnam: Mainstreaming gender issues in government policy on enterprise development’, Hanoi.International Finance Corporation (2006) A National Survey of Women Business Owners in Vietnam. 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(1995) Doi Moi and female workers: a case study of Ha Noi, in: V. M. Moghadam (ed.), Economic reforms, women's employment and social politics, Helsinki, World Institute for Development Research Tien, P. N. (2010) Overarching view of Gender Equality in Vietnam”, 2010, Conference on Commemoration of International Women’s Day 2010, “Beijing + 15, Looking back, reaching forward, Gender Equality and Women Empowerment 15 years after the Fourth World Conference on Women, Ha Noi, 12 March 2010.United Nations Development Programme (2012) ‘Women’s Representation in Leadership in Vietnam’. Vietnam: United Nations Development Programme.United Nations Development Programme (2015) ‘Human Development Report 2014’. USA: United Nations Development Programme. Available at: http://hdr.undp. org/en/content/human-development-report-2014 [Accessed 10 December 2015].United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). (2010). Gender related obstacles to Vietnamese Women Entrepreneurs. Vienna, Austria.Vietnam Women Entrepreneurs Council (2007) Women’s entrepreneurship development in Vietnam. International Labor Organization, Vietnam.Vuong, H., and Tran, D. (2009) ‘The Cultural Dimensions of the Vietnamese Private Entrepreneurship’, The IUP Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 6 (3 & 4), pp. 54 – 78.VWEC (2007), Women’s Entrepreneurship Development in Vietnam, Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry (VCCI) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) Report, Vietnam Women Entrepreneurs Council, available at: www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@asia/@ro-bangkok/documents/publication/wcms_100456.pdf Williamson, O. (2000) ‘The New Institutional Economics: Taking Stock, Looking ahead’, Economic Literature, 38, pp. 595 – 693.World Bank (2011a) ‘Vietnam Country Gender Assessment’. USA: World Bank. Available at: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/11/15470188/vietnam-country-gender-assessment [Accessed 7 December 2015]. World Bank (2011b). 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Chavdarov, Anatoliy V. "Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 Journal > Special Issue > Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 > Page 5 “Quantative Methods in Modern Science” organized by Academic Paper Ltd, Russia MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE GENUS GAGEA SALISB., GROWING IN THE EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION Authors: Zhamal T. Igissinova,Almash A. Kitapbayeva,Anargul S. Sharipkhanova,Alexander L. Vorobyev,Svetlana F. Kolosova,Zhanat K. Idrisheva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00041 Abstract: Due to ecological preferences among species of the genus GageaSalisb, many plants are qualified as rare and/or endangered. Therefore, the problem of rational use of natural resources, in particular protection of early spring plant species is very important. However, literary sources analysis only reveals data on the biology of species of this genus. The present research,conducted in the spring of 2017-2019, focuses on anatomical and morphological features of two Altai species: Gagealutea and Gagea minima; these features were studied, clarified and confirmed by drawings and photographs. The anatomical structure of the stem and leaf blade was studied in detail. The obtained research results will prove useful for studies of medicinal raw materials and honey plants. The aforementioned species are similar in morphological features, yet G. minima issmaller in size, and its shoots appear earlier than those of other species Keywords: Flora,gageas,Altai species,vegetative organs., Refference: I. Atlas of areas and resources of medicinal plants of Kazakhstan.Almaty, 2008. II. Baitenov M.S. Flora of Kazakhstan.Almaty: Ġylym, 2001. III. DanilevichV. G. ThegenusGageaSalisb. of WesternTienShan. PhD Thesis, St. Petersburg,1996. IV. EgeubaevaR.A., GemedzhievaN.G. The current state of stocks of medicinal plants in some mountain ecosystems of Kazakhstan.Proceedings of the international scientific conference ‘”Results and prospects for the development of botanical science in Kazakhstan’, 2002. V. Kotukhov Yu.A. New species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) from Southern Altai. Bot. Journal.1989;74(11). VI. KotukhovYu.A. ListofvascularplantsofKazakhstanAltai. Botan. Researches ofSiberiaandKazakhstan.2005;11. VII. KotukhovYu. The current state of populations of rare and endangered plants in Eastern Kazakhstan. Almaty: AST, 2009. VIII. Kotukhov Yu.A., DanilovaA.N., AnufrievaO.A. Synopsisoftheonions (AlliumL.) oftheKazakhstanAltai, Sauro-ManrakandtheZaisandepression. BotanicalstudiesofSiberiaandKazakhstan. 2011;17: 3-33. IX. Kotukhov, Yu.A., Baytulin, I.O. Rareandendangered, endemicandrelictelementsofthefloraofKazakhstanAltai. MaterialsoftheIntern. scientific-practical. conf. ‘Sustainablemanagementofprotectedareas’.Almaty: Ridder, 2010. X. Krasnoborov I.M. et al. The determinant of plants of the Republic of Altai. Novosibirsk: SB RAS, 2012. XI. Levichev I.G. On the species status of Gagea Rubicunda. Botanical Journal.1997;6:71-76. XII. Levichev I.G. A new species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae). Botanical Journal. 2000;7: 186-189. XIII. Levichev I.G., Jangb Chang-gee, Seung Hwan Ohc, Lazkovd G.A.A new species of genus GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) from Kyrgyz Republic (Western Tian Shan, Chatkal Range, Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve). Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity.2019; 12: 341-343. XIV. Peterson A., Levichev I.G., Peterson J. Systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae) and infrageneric classification of Gagea based on molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.2008; 46. XV. Peruzzi L., Peterson A., Tison J.-M., Peterson J. Phylogenetic relationships of GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) in Italy, inferred from molecular and morphological data matrices. Plant Systematics and Evolution; 2008: 276. XVI. Rib R.D. Honey plants of Kazakhstan. Advertising Digest, 2013. XVII. Scherbakova L.I., Shirshikova N.A. Flora of medicinal plants in the vicinity of Ust-Kamenogorsk. Collection of materials of the scientific-practical conference ‘Unity of Education, Science and Innovation’. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2011. XVIII. syganovA.P. PrimrosesofEastKazakhstan. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2001. XIX. Tsyganov A.P. Flora and vegetation of the South Altai Tarbagatay. Berlin: LAP LAMBERT,2014. XX. Utyasheva, T.R., Berezovikov, N.N., Zinchenko, Yu.K. ProceedingsoftheMarkakolskStateNatureReserve. Ust-Kamenogorsk, 2009. XXI. Xinqi C, Turland NJ. Gagea. Flora of China.2000;24: 117-121. XXII. Zarrei M., Zarre S., Wilkin P., Rix E.M. Systematic revision of the genus GageaSalisb. (Liliaceae) in Iran.BotJourn Linn Soc.2007;154. XXIII. Zarrei M., Wilkin P., Ingroille M.J., Chase M.W. A revised infrageneric classification for GageaSalisb. (Tulipeae; Liliaceae): insights from DNA sequence and morphological data.Phytotaxa.2011:5. View | Download INFLUENCE OF SUCCESSION CROPPING ON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF NO-TILL CROP ROTATIONS Authors: Victor K. Dridiger,Roman S. Stukalov,Rasul G. Gadzhiumarov,Anastasiya A. Voropaeva,Viktoriay A. Kolomytseva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00042 Abstract: This study was aimed at examining the influence of succession cropping on the economic efficiency of no-till field crop rotations on the black earth in the zone of unstable moistening of the Stavropol krai. A long-term stationary experiment was conducted to examine for the purpose nine field crop rotation patterns different in the number of fields (four to six), set of crops, and their succession in crop rotation. The respective shares of legumes, oilseeds, and cereals in the cropping pattern were 17 to 33, 17 to 40, and 50 to 67 %. It has been established that in case of no-till field crop cultivation the economic efficiency of plant production depends on the set of crops and their succession in rotation. The most economically efficient type of crop rotation is the soya-winter wheat-peas-winter wheat-sunflower-corn six-field rotation with two fields of legumes: in this rotation 1 ha of crop rotation area yields 3 850 grain units per ha at a grain unit prime cost of 5.46 roubles; the plant production output return and profitability were 20,888 roubles per ha and 113 %, respectively. The high production profitabilities provided by the soya-winter wheat-sunflower four-field and the soya-winter-wheat-sunflower-corn-winter wheat five-field crop rotation are 108.7 and 106.2 %, respectively. The inclusion of winter wheat in crop rotation for two years in a row reduces the second winter wheat crop yield by 80 to 100 %, which means a certain reduction in the grain unit harvesting rate to 3.48-3.57 thousands per ha of rotation area and cuts the production profitability down to 84.4-92.3 %. This is why, no-till cropping should not include winter wheat for a second time Keywords: No-till technology,crop rotation,predecessor,yield,return,profitability, Refference: I Badakhova G. Kh. and Knutas A. V., Stavropol Krai: Modern Climate Conditions [Stavropol’skiykray: sovremennyyeklimaticheskiyeusloviya]. Stavropol: SUE Krai Communication Networks, 2007. II Cherkasov G. N. and Akimenko A. S. Scientific Basis of Modernization of Crop Rotations and Formation of Their Systems according to the Specializations of Farms in the Central Chernozem Region [Osnovy moderniz atsiisevooborotoviformirovaniyaikh sistem v sootvetstvii so spetsi-alizatsiyeykhozyaystvTsentral’nogoChernozem’ya]. Zemledelie. 2017; 4: 3-5. III Decree 330 of July 6, 2017 the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia “On Approving Coefficients of Converting to Agricultural Crops to Grain Units [Ob utverzhdeniikoeffitsiyentovperevoda v zernovyyee dinitsysel’s kokhozyaystvennykhkul’tur]. IV Dridiger V. K., About Methods of Research of No-Till Technology [O metodikeissledovaniytekhnologii No-till]//Achievements of Science and Technology of AIC (Dostizheniyanaukiitekhniki APK). 2016; 30 (4): 30-32. V Dridiger V. K. and Gadzhiumarov R. G. Growth, Development, and Productivity of Soya Beans Cultivated On No-Till Technology in the Zone of Unstable Moistening of Stavropol Region [Rost, razvitiyeiproduktivnost’ soiprivozdelyvaniipotekhnologii No-till v zone ne-ustoychivog ouvlazhneniyaStavropol’skogokraya]//Oil Crops RTBVNIIMK (Maslichnyyekul’turyNTBVNIIMK). 2018; 3 (175): 52–57. VI Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Eroshenko F. V., Stukalov R. S., Gadzhiumarov, R. G., Effekt of No-till Technology on erosion resistance, the population of earthworms and humus content in soil (Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till naprotivoerozionnuyuustoychivost’, populyatsiyudozhdevykhcherveyisoderzhaniyegumusa v pochve)//Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2018; 9 (2): 766-770. VII Karabutov A. P., Solovichenko V. D., Nikitin V. V. et al., Reproduction of Soil Fertility, Productivity and Energy Efficiency of Crop Rotations [Vosproizvodstvoplodorodiyapochv, produktivnost’ ienergeticheskayaeffektivnost’ sevooborotov]. Zemledelie. 2019; 2: 3-7. VIII Kulintsev V. V., Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Kovtun V. I., Zhukova M. P., Effekt of No-till Technology on The Available Moisture Content and Soil Density in The Crop Rotation [Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till nasoderzhaniyedostupnoyvlagiiplotnost’ pochvy v sevoob-orote]// Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2017; 8 (6): 795-99. IX Kulintsev V. V., Godunova E. I., Zhelnakova L. I. et al., Next-Gen Agriculture System for Stavropol Krai: Monograph [SistemazemledeliyanovogopokoleniyaStavropol’skogokraya: Monogtafiya]. Stavropol: AGRUS Publishers, Stavropol State Agrarian University, 2013. X Lessiter Frank, 29 reasons why many growers are harvesting higher no-till yields in their fields than some university scientists find in research plots//No-till Farmer. 2015; 44 (2): 8. XI Rodionova O. A. Reproduction and Exchange-Distributive Relations in Farming Entities [Vosproizvodstvoiobmenno-raspredelitel’nyyeotnosheniya v sel’skokhozyaystvennykhorganizatsiyakh]//Economy, Labour, and Control in Agriculture (Ekonomika, trud, upravleniye v sel’skomkhozyaystve). 2010; 1 (2): 24-27. XII Sandu I. S., Svobodin V. A., Nechaev V. I., Kosolapova M. V., and Fedorenko V. F., Agricultural Production Efficiency: Recommended Practices [Effektivnost’ sel’skokhozyaystvennogoproizvodstva (metodicheskiyerekomendatsii)]. Moscow: Rosinforagrotech, 2013. XIII Sotchenko V. S. Modern Corn Cultivation Technologies [Sovremennayatekhnologiyavozdelyvaniya]. Moscow: Rosagrokhim, 2009. View | Download DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF AUTONOMOUS PORTABLE SEISMOMETER DESIGNED FOR USE AT ULTRALOW TEMPERATURES IN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT Authors: Mikhail A. Abaturov,Yuriy V. Sirotinskiy, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00043 Abstract: This paper is concerned with solving one of the issues of the general problem of designing geophysical equipment for the natural climatic environment of the Arctic. The relevance of the topic has to do with an increased global interest in this region. The paper is aimed at considering the basic principles of developing and the procedure of testing seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. In this paper the indicated issue is considered through the example of a seismic module designed for petroleum and gas exploration by passive seismoacoustic methods. The seismic module is a direct-burial portable unit of around 5 kg in weight, designed to continuously measure and record microseismic triaxial orthogonal (ZNE) noise in a range from 0.1 to 45 Hz during several days in autonomous mode. The functional chart of designing the seismic module was considered, and concrete conclusions were made for choosing the necessary components to meet the ultralow-temperature operational requirements. The conclusions made served for developing appropriate seismic module. In this case, the components and tools used included a SAFT MP 176065 xc low-temperature lithium cell, industrial-spec electronic component parts, a Zhaofeng Geophysical ZF-4.5 Chinese primary electrodynamic seismic sensor, housing seal parts made of frost-resistant silicone materials, and finely dispersed silica gel used as water-retaining sorbent to avoid condensation in the housing. The paper also describes a procedure of low-temperature collation tests at the lab using a New Brunswick Scientific freezing plant. The test results proved the operability of the developed equipment at ultralow temperatures down to -55°C. In addition, tests were conducted at low microseismic noises in the actual Arctic environment. The possibility to detect signals in a range from 1 to 10 Hz at the level close to the NLNM limit (the Peterson model) has been confirmed, which allows monitoring and exploring petroleum and gas deposits by passive methods. As revealed by this study, the suggested approaches are efficient in developing high-precision mobile seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. The solution of the considered instrumentation and methodical issues is of great practical significance as a constituent of the generic problem of Arctic exploration. Keywords: Seismic instrumentation,microseismic monitoring,Peterson model,geological exploration,temperature ratings,cooling test, Refference: I. AD797: Ultralow Distortion, Ultralow Noise Op Amp, Analog Devices, Inc., Data Sheet (Rev. K). Analog Devices, Inc. URL: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD797.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). II. Agafonov, V. M., Egorov, I. V., and Shabalina, A. S. Operating Principles and Technical Characteristics of a Small-Sized Molecular–Electronic Seismic Sensor with Negative Feedback [Printsipyraboty I tekhnicheskiyekharakteristikimalogabaritnogomolekulyarno-elektronnogoseysmodatchika s otritsatel’noyobratnoysvyaz’yu]. SeysmicheskiyePribory (Seismic Instruments). 2014; 50 (1): 1–8. DOI: 10.3103/S0747923914010022. III. Antonovskaya, G., Konechnaya, Ya.,Kremenetskaya, E., Asming, V., Kvaema, T., Schweitzer, J., Ringdal, F. Enhanced Earthquake Monitoring in the European Arctic. Polar Science. 2015; 1 (9): 158-167. IV. Anthony, R. E., Aster, R. C., Wiens, D., Nyblade, Andr., Anandakrishnan, Sr., Huerta, Audr., Winberry, J. P., Wilson, T., and Rowe, Ch. The Seismic Noise Environment of Antarctica. Seismological Research Letters. 2015; 86(1): 89-100. DOI: 10.1785/0220150005 V. Brincker, R., Lago, T. L., Andersen, P., and Ventura, C. Improving the Classical Geophone Sensor Element by Digital Correction. In Conference Proceedings: IMAC-XXIII: A Conference & Exposition on Structural Dynamics Society for Experimental Mechanics, 2005. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242452637_Improving_the_Classical_Geophone_Sensor_Element_by_Digital_Correction(Date of access September 2, 2019). VI. Bylaw 164 of the State Committee for Construction of the Russian Federation “On adopting amendments to SNiP 31-01-99 “Construction climatology”. URL: https://base.garant.ru/2322381/(Date of access September 2, 2019). VII. Chao Xu, Junbo Wang, Deyong Chen, Jian Chen, Bowen Liu, Wenjie Qi, XichenZheng, Hua Wei, Guoqing Zhang. The Electrochemical Seismometer Based on a Novel Designed.Sensing Electrode for Undersea Exploration. 20th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems &Eurosensors XXXIII (TRANSDUCERS &EUROSENSORS XXXIII). IEEE, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TRANSDUCERS.2019.8808450. VIII. Chebotareva, I. Ya. New algorithms of emission tomography for passive seismic monitoring of a producing hydrocarbon deposit: Part I. Algorithms of processing and numerical simulation [Novyye algoritmyemissionnoyto mografiidlyapassivnogoseysmicheskogomonitoringarazrabatyvayemykhmestorozhdeniyuglevodorodov. Chast’ I: Algoritmyobrabotki I chislennoyemodelirovaniye]. FizikaZemli. 2010; 46(3):187-98. DOI: 10.1134/S106935131003002X IX. Danilov, A. V. and Konechnaya, Ya. V. Analytical comparison of seismic instruments for stationary surveys in the Arctic [Sravnitel’nyyanalizseysmicheskoyapparaturydlyastatsionarnykhnablyudeniy v Arktike]. DSYS. URL: https://dsys.ru/upload/id254_docPDF_FranzJosefLand.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). X. Dew point temperature calculator. Maple Tech. International LLC. URL: https://www.calculator.net/dew-point-calculator.html?airtemperature=20&airtemperatureunit=celsius&humidity=0.34&dewpoint=&dewpointunit=celsius&x=51&y=14(Date of access September 2, 2019). XI. Frolov, A. S. Matching of wave fields recorded by different geophysical receivers [Soglasovaniyevolnovykhpoley, poluchennykh s primeneniyemrazlichnoyregistriruyushcheyapparatury]. Abstracts IX International scientific and technical conference competition of young specialists “Geophysics-2013”. Saint-Petersburg: Gubkin University, 2013. URL: https://www.gubkin.ru/faculty/geology_and_geophysics/chairs_and_departments/exploration_geophysics_and_computers_systems/files/2013_SPb_Frolov.pdf. (Date of access September 2, 2019). XII. Gibbons, S. J., Asming, V., Fedorov, A., Fyen, J., Kero, J., Kozlovskaya, E., Kværna, T., Liszka, L., Näsholm, S.P., Raita, T., Roth, M., Tiira, T., Vinogradov, Yu. The European Arctic: A laboratory for seismoacoustic studies. Seism. Res. Letters. 2015; 86 (3): 917–928. XIII. GOST 8.395-80. State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Reference conditions of measurements while calibrating. General requirements [Gosudarstvennayasistemaobespecheniyaedinstvaizmereniy. Normal’nyyeusloviyaizmereniypripoverke. Obshchiyetrebovaniya]. Moscow: Standartinform, 2008. URL: http://gostrf.com/normadata/1/4294821/4294821960.pdf (Date of access September 2, 2019). XIV. Guralp 6TD. Operators’ Guide. Document Number: MAN-T60-0002, Issue J: April, 2017. Guralp Systems Limited. 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Passive seismic tomography: A passive concept actively evolving. First Break. 2012; 30 (7): 83-90. XXII. Matveev, I. V. and Matveeva, N. V. Portable seismic recorder “SEISAR-5” with very low energy consumption for autonomous work in harsh climatic conditions [Portativnyyseysmicheskiyregistrator «Seysar-5» s ochen’ nizkimenergopotrebleniyemdlyaavtonomnoyraboty v slozhnykhklimatic heskikhusloviyakh]. Nauka I tekhnologicheskierazrabotki (Science and Technological Developments). 2017; 96 (3): 33-40. [Special Issue “Applied Geophysics: New Developments and Results. Part 1. Seismology and Seismic Exploration]. DOI: 10.21455/std2017.3-3. XXIII. Mishra, R. The Temperature Ratings of Electronic Parts.Electronics Cooling magazine. URL: http://www.electronics-cooling.com/2004/02/the-temperature-ratings-of-electronic-parts(Date of access September 2, 2019). XXIV. Moore, Sue E.; Stabeno, Phyllis J.; Van Pelt, Thomas I. The Synthesis of Arctic Research (SOAR) project. 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View | Download COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FOOT PATHOLOGY WHO UNDERWENT WEIL OPEN OSTEOTOMY BY CLASSICAL METHOD AND WITHOUT STEOSYNTHESIS Authors: Yuriy V. Lartsev,Dmitrii A. Rasputin,Sergey D. Zuev-Ratnikov,Pavel V.Ryzhov,Dmitry S. Kudashev,Anton A. Bogdanov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00044 Abstract: The article considers the problem of surgical correction of the second metatarsal bone length. The article analyzes the results of treatment of patients with excess length of the second metatarsal bones that underwent osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis. The results of treatment of patients who underwent metatarsal shortening due to classical Weil-osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis were analyzed. The first group consisted of 34 patients. They underwent classical Weil osteotomy. The second group included 44 patients in whomosteotomy of the second metatarsal bone were not by the screw. When studying the results of the treatment in the immediate postoperative period, weeks 6, 12, slightly better results were observed in patients of the first group, while one year after surgical treatment the results in both groups were comparable. One year after surgical treatment, there were 2.9% (1 patient) of unsatisfactory results in the first group and 4.5% (2 patients) in the second group. Considering the comparability of the results of treatment in remote postoperative period, the choice of concrete method remains with the operating surgeon. Keywords: Flat feet,hallux valgus,corrective osteotomy,metatarsal bones, Refference: I. A novel modification of the Stainsby procedure: surgical technique and clinical outcome [Text] / E. Concannon, R. MacNiocaill, R. Flavin [et al.] // Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Dec., Vol. 20(4). – P. 262–267. II. Accurate determination of relative metatarsal protrusion with a small intermetatarsal angle: a novel simplified method [Text] / L. Osher, M.M. Blazer, S. Buck [et al.] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Sep.-Oct., Vol. 53(5). – P. 548–556. III. Argerakis, N.G. The radiographic effects of the scarf bunionectomy on rearfoot alignment [Text] / N.G. Argerakis, L.Jr. Weil, L.S. Sr. Weil // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Apr., Vol. 8(2). – P. 89–94. IV. Bauer, T. Percutaneous forefoot surgery [Text] / T. Bauer // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2014. – Feb., Vol. 100(1 Suppl.). – P. S191–S204. V. Biomechanical Evaluation of Custom Foot Orthoses for Hallux Valgus Deformity [Text] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2015. – Sep.-Oct., Vol.54(5). – P. 852–855. VI. Chopra, S. Characterization of gait in female patients with moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity [Text] / S. Chopra, K. Moerenhout, X. Crevoisier // Clin. Biomech. (Bristol, Avon). – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 30(6). – P. 629–635. VII. Computer assisted planning and custom-made surgical guide for malunited pronation deformity after first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report [Text] / M. Hirao, S. Ikemoto, H. Tsuboi [et al.] // Comput. Aided Surg. – 2014. – Vol. 19(1-3). – P. 13–19. VIII. Correlation between static radiographic measurements and intersegmental angular measurements during gait using a multisegment foot model [Text] / D.Y. Lee, S.G. Seo, E.J. Kim [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Jan., Vol.36(1). – P. 1–10. IX. Correlative study between length of first metatarsal and transfer metatarsalgia after osteotomy of first metatarsal [Text]: [Article in Chinese] / F.Q. Zhang, B.Y. Pei, S.T. Wei [et al.] // Zhonghua Yi XueZaZhi. – 2013. – Nov. 19, Vol. 93(43). – P. 3441–3444. X. Dave, M.H. Forefoot Deformity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparison of Shod and Unshod Populations [Text] / M.H. Dave, L.W. Mason, K. Hariharan // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 8(5). – P. 378–383. XI. Does arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint correct the intermetatarsal M1M2 angle? Analysis of a continuous series of 208 arthrodeses fixed with plates [Text] / F. Dalat, F. Cottalorda, M.H. Fessy [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6). – P. 709–714. XII. Dynamic plantar pressure distribution after percutaneous hallux valgus correction using the Reverdin-Isham osteotomy [Text]: [Article in Spanish] / G. Rodríguez-Reyes, E. López-Gavito, A.I. Pérez-Sanpablo [et al.] // Rev. Invest. Clin. – 2014. – Jul., Vol. 66, Suppl. 1. – P. S79-S84. XIII. Efficacy of Bilateral Simultaneous Hallux Valgus Correction Compared to Unilateral [Text] / A.V. Boychenko, L.N. Solomin, S.G. Parfeyev [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Nov., Vol. 36(11). – P. 1339–1343. XIV. Endolog technique for correction of hallux valgus: a prospective study of 30 patients with 4-year follow-up [Text] / C. Biz, M. Corradin, I. Petretta [et al.] // J. OrthopSurg Res. – 2015. – Jul. 2, № 10. – P. 102. XV. First metatarsal proximal opening wedge osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus deformity: comparison of straight versus oblique osteotomy [Text] / S.H. Han, E.H. Park, J. Jo [et al.] // Yonsei Med. J. – 2015. – May, Vol. 56(3). – P. 744–752. XVI. Long-term outcome of joint-preserving surgery by combination metatarsal osteotomies for shortening for forefoot deformity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [Text] / H. Niki, T. Hirano, Y. Akiyama [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – Sep., Vol. 25(5). – P. 683–638. XVII. Maceira, E. Transfer metatarsalgia post hallux valgus surgery [Text] / E. Maceira, M. Monteagudo // Foot Ankle Clin. – 2014. – Jun., Vol. 19(2). – P.285–307. XVIII. Nielson, D.L. Absorbable fixation in forefoot surgery: a viable alternative to metallic hardware [Text] / D.L. Nielson, N.J. Young, C.M. Zelen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2013. – Jul., Vol. 30(3). – P. 283–293 XIX. Patient’s satisfaction after outpatient forefoot surgery: Study of 619 cases [Text] / A. Mouton, V. Le Strat, D. Medevielle [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6 Suppl.). – P. S217–S220. XX. Preference of surgical procedure for the forefoot deformity in the rheumatoid arthritis patients–A prospective, randomized, internal controlled study [Text] / M. Tada, T. Koike, T. Okano [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – May., Vol. 25(3). – P.362–366. XXI. Redfern, D. Percutaneous Surgery of the Forefoot [Text] / D. Redfern, J. Vernois, B.P. Legré // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 32(3). – P. 291–332. XXII. Singh, D. Bullous pemphigoid after bilateral forefoot surgery [Text] / D. Singh, A. Swann // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Feb., Vol. 8(1). – P. 68–72. XXIII. Treatment of moderate hallux valgus by percutaneous, extra-articular reverse-L Chevron (PERC) osteotomy [Text] / J. Lucas y Hernandez, P. Golanó, S. Roshan-Zamir [et al.] // Bone Joint J. – 2016. – Mar., Vol. 98-B(3). – P. 365–373. XXIV. Weil, L.Jr. Scarf osteotomy for correction of hallux abducto valgus deformity [Text] / L.Jr. Weil, M. Bowen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2014. – Apr., Vol.31(2). – P. 233–246. View | Download QUANTITATIVE ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE STOMACH AND SMALL INTESTINE IN HEALTHYDOGS Authors: Roman A. Tcygansky,Irina I. Nekrasova,Angelina N. Shulunova,Alexander I.Sidelnikov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00045 Abstract: Purpose.To determine the quantitative echogenicity indicators (and their ratio) of the layers of stomach and small intestine wall in healthy dogs. Methods. A prospective 3-year study of 86 healthy dogs (aged 1-7 yrs) of different breeds and of both sexes. Echo homogeneity and echogenicity of the stomach and intestines wall were determined by the method of Silina, T.L., et al. (2010) in absolute values of average brightness levels of ultrasound image pixels using the 8-bit scale with 256 shades of gray. Results. Quantitative echogenicity indicators of the stomach and the small intestine wall in dogs were determined. Based on the numerical values characterizing echogenicity distribution in each layer of a separate structure of the digestive system, the coefficient of gastric echogenicity is determined as 1:2.4:1.1 (mucosa/submucosa/muscle layers, respectively), the coefficient of duodenum and jejunum echogenicity is determined as 1:3.5:2 and that of ileum is 1:1.8:1. Clinical significance. The echogenicity coefficient of the wall of the digestive system allows an objective assessment of the stomach and intestines wall and can serve as the basis for a quantitative assessment of echogenicity changes for various pathologies of the digestive system Keywords: Ultrasound (US),echogenicity,echogenicity coefficient,digestive system,dogs,stomach,intestines, Refference: I. Agut, A. Ultrasound examination of the small intestine in small animals // Veterinary focus. 2009.Vol. 19. No. 1. P. 20-29. II. Bull. 4.RF patent 2398513, IPC51A61B8 / 00 A61B8 / 14 (2006.01) A method for determining the homoechogeneity and the degree of echogenicity of an ultrasound image / T. Silina, S. S. Golubkov. – No. 2008149311/14; declared 12/16/2008; publ. 09/10/2010 III. Choi, M., Seo, M., Jung, J., Lee, K., Yoon, J., Chang, D., Park, RD. Evaluation of canine gastric motility with ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2002. Vol. 64. – № 1. – P. 17-21. IV. Delaney, F., O’Brien, R.T., Waller, K.Ultrasound evaluation of small bowel thickness compared to weight in normal dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2003 Vol. 44, № 5. Р 577-580. V. Diana, A., Specchi, S., Toaldo, M.B., Chiocchetti, R., Laghi, A., Cipone, M. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the small bowel in healthy cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2011. – Vol. 52, № 5. – Р. 555-559. VI. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Errors in abdominal ultrasonography in dogs and cats // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2012. Vol. 53. – № 9. – P. 514-519. VII. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Importance of fasting in preparing dogs for abdominal ultrasound examination of specific organs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2014. Vol. 55. – № 12. – P. 630-634. VIII. Gaschen, L., Granger, L.A., Oubre, O., Shannon, D., Kearney, M., Gaschen, F. The effects of food intake and its fat composition on intestinal echogenicity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 546-550 IX. Gaschen, L., Kircher, P., Stussi, A., Allenspach, K., Gaschen, F., Doherr, M., Grone, A. Comparison of ultrasonographic findings with clinical activity index (CIBDAI) and diagnosis in dogs with chronic enteropathies // Veterinary radiology and ultrasound. – 2008. – Vol. 49. – № 1. – Р. 56-64. X. Gil, E.M.U. Garcia, D.A.A. Froes, T.R. In utero development of the fetal intestine: Sonographic evaluation and correlation with gestational age and fetal maturity in dogs // Theriogenology. 2015. Vol. 84, №5. Р. 681-686. XI. Gladwin, N.E. Penninck, D.G., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the thickness of the wall layers in the intestinal tract of dogs // American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2014. Vol. 75, №4. Р. 349-353. XII. Gory, G., Rault, D.N., Gatel, L, Dally, C., Belli, P., Couturier, L., Cauvin, E. Ultrasonographic characteristics of the abdominal esophagus and cardia in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2014. Vol. 55, № 5. P. 552-560. XIII. Günther, C.S. Lautenschläger, I.E., Scholz, V.B. Assessment of the inter- and intraobserver variability for sonographical measurement of intestinal wall thickness in dogs without gastrointestinal diseases | [Inter-und Intraobserver-Variabilitätbei der sonographischenBestimmung der Darmwanddicke von HundenohnegastrointestinaleErkrankungen] // Tierarztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere – Heimtiere. 2014. Vol. 42 №2. Р. 71-78. XIV. Hanazono, K., Fukumoto, S., Hirayama, K., Takashima, K., Yamane, Y., Natsuhori, M., Kadosawa, T., Uchide, T. Predicting Metastatic Potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in dog by ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2012. Vol. 74. – № 11. – P. 1477-1482. XV. Heng, H.G., Lim, Ch.K., Miller, M.A., Broman, M.M.Prevalence and significance of an ultrasonographic colonic muscularishyperechoic band paralleling the serosal layer in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2015. Vol. 56 № 6. P. 666-669. XVI. Ivančić, M., Mai, W. Qualitative and quantitative comparison of renal vs. hepatic ultrasonographic intensity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2008. Vol. 49. № 4. Р. 368-373. XVII. Lamb, C.R., Mantis, P. Ultrasonographic features of intestinal intussusception in 10 dogs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2008. Vol. 39. – № 9. – P. 437-441. XVIII. Le Roux, A. B., Granger, L.A., Wakamatsu, N, Kearney, M.T., Gaschen, L.Ex vivo correlation of ultrasonographic small intestinal wall layering with histology in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound.2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 534-545. XIX. Nielsen, T. High-frequency ultrasound of Peyer’s patches in the small intestine of young cats / T. Nielsen [et al.] // Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. – 2015. – Vol. 18, № 4. – Р. 303-309. XX. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In Nyland T.G., Mattoon J.S. (eds): Small Animal Diagnostic Ultrasound. Philadelphia: WB Saunders. 2002, 2nd ed. Р. 207-230. XXI. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In: PenninckD.G.,d´Anjou M.A. Atlas of Small Animal Ultrasonography. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa. 2008. Р. 281-318. XXII. Penninck, D.G., Nyland, T.G., Kerr, L.Y., Fisher, P.E. Ultrasonographic evaluation of gastrointestinal diseases in small animals // Veterinary Radiology. 1990. Vol. 31. №3. P. 134-141. XXIII. Penninck, D.G.,Webster, C.R.L.,Keating, J.H. The sonographic appearance of intestinal mucosal fibrosis in cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2010. – Vol. 51, № 4. – Р. 458-461. XXIV. Pollard, R.E.,Johnson, E.G., Pesavento, P.A., Baker, T.W., Cannon, A.B., Kass, P.H., Marks, S.L. Effects of corn oil administered orally on conspicuity of ultrasonographic small intestinal lesions in dogs with lymphangiectasia // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2013. Vol. 54. № 4. P. 390-397. XXV. Rault, D.N., Besso, J.G., Boulouha, L., Begon, D., Ruel, Y. Significance of a common extended mucosal interface observed in transverse small intestine sonograms // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2004. Vol. 45. №2. Р. 177-179. XXVI. Sutherland-Smith, J., Penninck, D.G., Keating, J.H., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic intestinal hyperechoic mucosal striations in dogs are associated with lacteal dilation // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2007. Vol. 48. – № 1. – P. 51-57. View | Download EVALUATION OF ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL IN MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS Authors: Larisa A. Merdenova,Elena A. Takoeva,Marina I. Nartikoeva,Victoria A. Belyayeva,Fatima S. Datieva,Larisa R. Datieva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00046 Abstract: The aim of this work was to assess the functional reserves of the body to quantify individual health; adaptation, psychophysiological characteristics of the health quality of medical students in different seasons of the year. When studying the temporal organization of physiological functions, the rhythm parameters of physiological functions were determined, followed by processing the results using the Cosinor Analysis program, which reveals rhythms with an unknown period for unequal observations, evaluates 5 parameters of sinusoidal rhythms (mesor, amplitude, acrophase, period, reliability). The essence of desynchronization is the mismatch of circadian rhythms among themselves or destruction of the rhythms architectonics (instability of acrophases or their disappearance). Desynchronization with respect to the rhythmic structure of the body is of a disregulatory nature, most pronounced in pathological desynchronization. High neurotism, increased anxiety reinforces the tendency to internal desynchronization, which increases with stress. During examination stress, students experience a decrease in the stability of the temporary organization of the biosystem and the tension of adaptive mechanisms develops, which affects attention, mental performance and the quality of adaptation to the educational process. Time is shortened and the amplitude of the “initial minute” decreases, personal and situational anxiety develops, and the level of psychophysiological adaptation decreases. The results of the work are priority because they can be used in assessing quality and level of health. Keywords: Desynchronosis,biorhythms,psycho-emotional stress,mesor,acrophase,amplitude,individual minute, Refference: I. Arendt, J., Middleton, B. Human seasonal and circadian studies in Antarctica (Halley, 75_S) – General and Comparative Endocrinology. 2017: 250-259. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.010). II. BalandinYu.P. A brief methodological guide on the use of the agro-industrial complex “Health Sources” / Yu.P. Balandin, V.S. Generalov, V.F. Shishlov. Ryazan, 2007. III. Buslovskaya L.K. Adaptation reactions in students at exam stress/ L.K. Buslovskaya, Yu.P. Ryzhkova. Scientific bulletin of Belgorod State University. Series: Natural Sciences. 2011;17(21):46-52. IV. Chutko L. S. Sindromjemocionalnogovygoranija – Klinicheskie I psihologicheskieaspekty./ L.S Chutko. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2013. V. Eroshina K., Paul Wilkinson, Martin Mackey. The role of environmental and social factors in the occurrence of diseases of the respiratory tract in children of primary school age in Moscow. Medicine. 2013:57-71. VI. Fagrell B. “Microcirculation of the Skin”. The physiology and pharmacology of the microcirculation. 2013:423. VII. Gurova O.A. Change in blood microcirculation in students throughout the day. New research. 2013; 2 (35):66-71. VIII. Khetagurova L.G. – Stress/Ed. L.G. Khetagurov. Vladikavkaz: Project-Press Publishing House, 2010. IX. Khetagurova L.G., Urumova L.T. et al. Stress (chronomedical aspects). International Journal of Experimental Education 2010; 12: 30-31. X. Khetagurova L.G., Salbiev K.D., Belyaev S.D., Datieva F.S., Kataeva M.R., Tagaeva I.R. Chronopathology (experimental and clinical aspects/ Ed. L.G. Khetagurov, K.D. Salbiev, S.D.Belyaev, F.S. Datiev, M.R. Kataev, I.R. Tagaev. Moscow: Science, 2004. XI. KlassinaS.Ya. Self-regulatory reactions in the microvasculature of the nail bed of fingers in person with psycho-emotional stress. Bulletin of new medical technologies, 2013; 2 (XX):408-412. XII. Kovtun O.P., Anufrieva E.V., Polushina L.G. Gender-age characteristics of the component composition of the body in overweight and obese schoolchildren. Medical Science and Education of the Urals. 2019; 3:139-145. XIII. Kuchieva M.B., Chaplygina E.V., Vartanova O.T., Aksenova O.A., Evtushenko A.V., Nor-Arevyan K.A., Elizarova E.S., Efremova E.N. A comparative analysis of the constitutional features of various generations of healthy young men and women in the Rostov Region. Modern problems of science and education. 2017; 5:50-59. XIV. Mathias Adamsson1, ThorbjörnLaike, Takeshi Morita – Annual variation in daily light expo-sure and circadian change of melatonin and cortisol consent rations at a northern latitude with large seasonal differences in photoperiod length – Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 2017; 36: 6 – 15. XV. Merdenova L.A., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A. Features of the study of biological rhythms in children. The results of fundamental and applied research in the field of natural and technical sciences. Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Belgorod, 2017, pp. 119-123. XVI. Ogarysheva N.V. The dynamics of mental performance as a criterion for adapting to the teaching load. Bulletin of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2014;16:5 (1): S.636-638. XVII. Pekmezovi T. Gene-environment interaction: A genetic-epidemiological approach. Journal of Medical Biochemistry. 2010;29:131-134. XVIII. Rapoport S.I., Chibisov S.M. Chronobiology and chronomedicine: history and prospects/Ed. S.M. Chibisov, S.I. Rapoport ,, M.L. Blagonravova. Chronobiology and Chronomedicine: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN) Press. Moscow, 2018. XIX. Roustit M., Cracowski J.L. “Non-invasive assessment of skin microvascular function in humans: an insight into methods” – Microcirculation 2012; 19 (1): 47-64. XX. Rud V.O., FisunYu.O. – References of the circadian desinchronosis in students. Ukrainian Bulletin of Psychoneurology. 2010; 18(2) (63): 74-77. XXI. Takoeva Z. A., Medoeva N. O., Berezova D. T., Merdenova L. A. et al. Long-term analysis of the results of chronomonitoring of the health of the population of North Ossetia; Vladikavkaz Medical and Biological Bulletin. 2011; 12(12,19): 32-38. XXII. Urumova L.T., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A., Datieva L.R. – The study of some health indicators of medical students in different periods of the year. Health and education in the XXI century. 2016; 18(4): 94-97. XXIII. Westman J. – Complex diseases. In: Medical genetics for the modern clinician. USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006. XXIV. Yadrischenskaya T.V. Circadian biorhythms of students and their importance in educational activities. Problems of higher education. Pacific State University Press. 2016; 2:176-178. View | Download TRIADIC COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS Authors: Stanislav A.Kudzh,Victor Ya. Tsvetkov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00047 Abstract: The present study of comparison methods based on the triadic model introduces the following concepts: the relation of comparability and the relation of comparison, and object comparison and attributive comparison. The difference between active and passive qualitative comparison is shown, two triadic models of passive and active comparison and models for comparing two and three objects are described. Triadic comparison models are proposed as an alternative to dyadic comparison models. Comparison allows finding the common and the different; this approach is proposed for the analysis of the nomothetic and ideographic method of obtaining knowledge. The nomothetic method identifies and evaluates the general, while the ideographic method searches for unique in parameters and in combinations of parameters. Triadic comparison is used in systems and methods of argumentation, as well as in the analysis of consistency/inconsistency. Keywords: Comparative analysis,dyad,triad,triadic model,comparability relation,object comparison,attributive comparison,nomothetic method,ideographic method, Refference: I. AltafS., Aslam.M.Paired comparison analysis of the van Baarenmodel using Bayesian approach with noninformativeprior.Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research 8(2) (2012) 259{270. II. AmooreJ. E., VenstromD Correlations between stereochemical assessments and organoleptic analysis of odorous compounds. Olfaction and Taste (2016) 3{17. III. BarnesJ., KlingerR. Embedding projection for targeted cross-lingual sentiment: model comparisons and a real-world study. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 691{742. doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.11561 IV. Castro-SchiloL., FerrerE.Comparison of nomothetic versus idiographic-oriented methods for making predictions about distal outcomes from time series data. Multivariate Behavioral Research 48(2) (2013) 175{207. V. De BonaG.et al. Classifying inconsistency measures using graphs. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 937{987. VI. FideliR. La comparazione. Milano: Angeli, 1998. VII. GordonT. F., PrakkenH., WaltonD. The Carneades model of argument and burden of proof. Artificial Intelligence 10(15) (2007) 875{896. VIII. GrenzS.J. The social god and the relational self: A Triad theology of the imago Dei. Westminster: John Knox Press, 2001. IX. HermansH.J. M.On the integration of nomothetic and idiographic research methods in the study of personal meaning.Journal of Personality 56(4) (1988) 785{812. X. JamiesonK. G., NowakR. Active ranking using pairwise comparisons.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (2011) 2240{2248. XI. JongsmaC.Poythress’s triad logic: a review essay. Pro Rege 42(4) (2014) 6{15. XII. KärkkäinenV.M. Trinity and Religious Pluralism: The Doctrine of the Trinity in Christian Theology of Religions. London: Routledge, 2017. XIII. KudzhS. A., TsvetkovV.Ya. Triadic systems. Russian Technology Magazine 7(6) (2019) 74{882. XIV. NelsonK.E.Some observations from the perspective of the rare event cognitive comparison theory of language acquisition.Children’s Language 6 (1987) 289{331. XV. NiskanenA., WallnerJ., JärvisaloM.Synthesizing argumentation frameworks from examples. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 503{554. XVI. PührerJ.Realizability of three-valued semantics for abstract dialectical frameworks.Artificial Intelligence 278 (2020) 103{198. XVII. SwansonG.Frameworks for comparative research: structural anthropology and the theory of action. In: Vallier, Ivan (Ed.). Comparative methods in sociology: essays on trends and applications.Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971 141{202. XVIII. TsvetkovV.Ya.Worldview model as the result of education.World Applied Sciences Journal 31(2) (2014) 211{215. XIX. TsvetkovV. Ya. Logical analysis and variable scales. Slavic Forum 4(22) (2018) 103{109. XX. Wang S. et al. Transit traffic analysis zone delineating method based on Thiessen polygon. Sustainability 6(4) (2014) 1821{1832. View | Download DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGY OF CREATING WEAR-RESISTANT CERAMIC COATING FOR ICE CYLINDER." JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES spl10, no. 1 (June 28, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00048.

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