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Rektiansyah, Rahmat Robbi, and Ilmiawan Auwalin. "Analisis Dampak Kesadaran Halal dan Label Halal terhadap Niat Beli Mie Instan Korea Pada Remaja di Sumenep Melalui Sikap." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 9, no. 5 (September 30, 2022): 600–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol9iss20225pp600-616.
Abstract:
ABSTRAK Tujuan dilangsungkannya sebuah penelitian ini ialah untuk mengkaji pengaruh kesadaran halal dan label halal terhadap niat beli mie instan Korea pada remaja di Sumenep melalui sikap. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data primer. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu 100 responden yang belum pernah membeli mie instan Korea. Pengujian menggunakan analisis SEM-PLS dengan konstruk yang menunjukkan semua konstruk mempunyai hasil yang valid, sehingga dilanjutkan pengujian pada hubungan antar variabelnya. Secara langsung kesadaran halal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sikap, namun kesadaran halal tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap niat beli. Label halal berpengaruh secara signifikan t atas niat beli, namun label halal tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sikap, dan sikap berpengaruh secara signifikan atas niat beli. Secara tidak langsung, kesadaran halal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap niat beli jika melalui sikap, sedangkan label halal tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap niat beli jika melalui sikap. Penelitian ini hanya berfokus terhadap remaja generasi Z usia 13-23 tahun di Sumenep yang belum pernah membeli mie instan Korea. Adapun saran pada penelitian ini adalah remaja generasi Z di Sumenep diharapkan lebih memperhatikan dan peduli terhadap kehalalan suatu produk yang dikonsumsi, dan bagi peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan meneliti hal serupa dengan mengganti objek dan tempat penelitian. Kata Kunci: Kesadaran Halal, Label Halal, Niat Beli, Sikap. ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of halal awareness and halal label on the intention to buy Korean instant noodles in adolescents in Sumenep through attitudes. The research method used is quantitative using primary data. The sample used is 100 respondents who have never bought Korean instant noodles. The test uses SEM-PLS analysis with constructs that show all constructs have valid results, so that testing continues on the relationship between the variables. Halal awareness directly has a significant effect on attitudes, but halal awareness has no significant effect on purchase intention. Halal labels have a significant effect on purchase intention, but halal labels have no significant effect on attitudes, and attitudes have a significant effect on purchase intentions. Indirectly, halal awareness has a significant effect on purchase intention if it is through attitude, while the halal label has no significant effect on purchase intention if it is through attitude. This study only focuses on Generation Z teenagers aged 13-23 years in Sumenep who have never bought Korean instant noodles. The suggestion in this study is that Generation Z teenagers in Sumenep are expected to pay more attention and care about the halalness of a product that is consumed, and for future researchers it is expected to examine similar things by changing the object and place of research. Keywords: Halal Awareness, Halal Labels, Purchase Intention. Attitudes. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Abd Rahman, A., Asrarhaghighi, E., & Ab Rahman, S. (2015). Consumers and halal cosmetic products: Knowledge, religiosity, attitude and intention. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 6(1), 148–163. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-09-2013-0068 Adisumarto, H. (2000). Hukum perusahaan mengenai hak atas kepemilikan intelektual (Hak cipta, hak paten, hak merek). Bandung: Mandar Magu. Adiwarman, K. (2010). Ekonomi mikro Islam. Jakarta: PT. RajaGrafindo Persada. Ahaari, J. A. N., & Arifin, N. S. M. (2010). Dimension halal purchase intention: A preliminary study. International Review of Business Research Papers, 6 (4), 444–456. Aliman, N.K. dan Othman, M. N. (2007). Purchasing local and foreign brands: What product attributes matter? 13th astutiAsia Pacific Management Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 400–411. Ambali, A. R., & Bakar, A. N. (2014). People’s awareness on halal foods and products: Potential issues for policy-makers. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 121(September 2012), 3–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1104 Astuti, Y., & Asih, D. (2021). Country of origin, religiosity and halal awareness: A case study of purchase intention of Korean food. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(4), 0413–0421. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no4.0413 Awan, H. M., Siddiquei, A. N., & Haider, Z. (2015). Factors affecting Halal purchase intention – evidence from Pakistan’s halal food sector. Management Research Review, 38(6), 640–660. https://doi.org/10.1108/mrr-01-2014-0022 Azam, A. (2016). An empirical study on non-Muslim’s packaged halal food manufacturers . Journal of Islamic Marketing, 7(4), 441–460. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-12-2014-0084 Aziz, Y. A., & Chok, N. V. (2013). The role of halal awareness, halal certification, and marketing components in determining halal purchase intention among non-Muslims in Malaysia: A Structural equation modeling approach. Journal of International Food and Agribusiness Marketing, 25(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/08974438.2013.723997 Aziz, Y. A., Vui, C. N., Yuhanis, A. A., & Chok, N. V. (2012). The role of halal awareness and halal certification in influencing non-Muslims’ purchase intention. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Business and Economic Research (3rd ICBER 2012), March, 1819–1830. BPS. (2021). Hasil sensus penduduk 2020 jumlah penduduk Kabupaten Sumenep (Issue 01). Briliana, V., & Mursito, N. (2017). Exploring antecedents and consequences of Indonesian Muslim youths’ attitude towards halal cosmetic products: A case study in Jakarta. Asia Pacific Management Review, 22(4), 176–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2017.07.012 Garg, P., & Joshi, R. (2018). Purchase intention of “Halal” brands in India: the mediating effect of attitude. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 9(3), 683–694. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-11-2017-0125 Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., & Anderson, R. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective. Pearson Education Hasan, H. (2016). A study on awareness and perception towards halal foods among Muslim students in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Australia-Middle East Conference on Business and Social Sciences, 803–804. Hendradewi, S., Mustika, A., & Darsiah, A. (2021). Pengaruh kesadaran halal dan label halal terhadap minat beli mie instan Korea pada remaja sekolah di Jakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Pariwisata, 26(2), 204–212. https://doi.org/10.30647/jip.v26i2.1510 Izzuddin, A. (2018). Pengaruh label halal, kesadaran halal, dan bahan makanan terhadap minat beli makanan kuliner. Jurnal Penelitian Ipteks, 3(2), 100–114. https://doi.org/10.32528/ipteks.v3i2.1886 Kotler, P. (2008). Manajemen pemasaran (Edisi terjemahan). Erlangga: Jakarta. Mukhtar, A., & Butt, M. M. (2012). Intention to choose Halal products: The role of religiosity. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 3(2), 108–120. https://doi.org/10.1108/17590831211232519 Nisrina, D., Widodo, I. A., Larassari, I. B., Rahmaji, F., Kinanthi, G., & Adi, H. (2020). Studi tentang pengaruh budaya Korea pada penggemar K-Pop. Jurnal Penelitian Humaniora, 21(1), 78–88. Rambe, Y., & Afifuddin, S. (2012). Pengaruh pencantuman label halal pada kemasan mie instan terhadap minat pembelian masyarakat Muslim (Studi kasus pada mahasiswa Universitas Al-washliyah, Medan). Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan, 1(1), 14866. Rangkuti. (2010). Pengaruh labelisasi halal terhadap keputusan pembelian produk makanan dalam kemasan (Snack merek Chitato) pada mahasiswa fakultas hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara). Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara. Rochmanto, B. Al. (2014). Pengaruh pengetahuan produk dan norma religius tehadap sikap konsumen dalam niat mengkonsumsi produk makanan dan minuman halal. Diponegoro Journal of Management, 4(1), 280-291. Sarwono, S. ., & Meinarno, E. . (2009). Psikologi remaja. Surabaya: Raja Grafindo Persada. Schiffman, L. G., & Wisenblit, J. (2019). Consumer behavior. Harlow, United Kingdom: Pearson Education Limited. Setiawati, L. M., Chairy, C., & Syahrivar, J. (2019). Factors affecting the intention to buy halal food by the millennial generation: The mediating role of attitude. DeReMa (Development Research of Management): Jurnal Manajemen, 14(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.19166/derema.v14i2.1738 Shafie, S., & Othman, M. N. (2008). Halal certification: An international marketing issues and challenges. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12568103 Shim, D. (2006). Hybridity and the rise of Korean popular culture in Asia. Media, Culture and Society, 28(1), 25–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443706059278 Sudarsono, H., & Nugrohowati, R. N. I. (2020). Determinants of the intention to consume halal food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(10), 831–841. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no10.831 Sugiyono. (2006). Metode penelitian bisnis. Bandung: CV. Alfabeta. Windiana, L., & Putri, D. N. (2021). Pengaruh logo halal terhadap sikap dan minat beli konsumen UMM Bakery. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis (JEPA), 5, 1206–1216. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jepa.2021.005.0224. Yuliani, F. (2021). Pengaruh label halal dan citra merek terhadap keputusan pembelian produk kosmetik wardah pada rahmah cosmetic Banjarmasin (Studi kasus pada konsumen loyal produk wardah di Banjarmasin Selatan). Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Banjarmasin: Universitas Islam Kalimantan MAB.
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Di Carlo, Antonio, Leonardo Bellino, Domenico Consoli, Fabio Mori, Augusto Zaninelli, Marzia Baldereschi, Alessandro Cattarinussi, et al. "Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in the Italian elderly population and projections from 2020 to 2060 for Italy and the European Union: the FAI Project." EP Europace 21, no. 10 (June 6, 2019): 1468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euz141.
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Abstract Aims To estimate prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in a representative sample of the Italian elderly population, projecting figures for Italy and the European Union. Methods and results A cross-sectional examination of all subjects aged 65+ years from three general practices in Northern, Central, and Southern Italy started in 2016. Participants were administered a systematic and an opportunistic screening, followed by clinical and electrocardiogram confirmation. The study sample included 6016 subjects. Excluding 235 non-eligible, among the remaining 5781 participation was 78.3%, which left 4528 participants (mean age 74.5 ± 6.8 years, 47.2% men). Prevalence of AF was 7.3% [95% confidence intervals (CI) 6.6–8.1], higher in men and with advancing age (6.6% from systematic plus 0.7% from opportunistic screening). Using prevalence figures, Italian elderly having AF in 2016 were estimated at ∼1 081 000 (95% CI 786 000–1 482 000). Considering stable prevalence, this number will increase by 75% to ∼1 892 000 in 2060 (95% CI 1 378 000–2 579 000). European Union elderly having AF in 2016 were estimated at ∼7 617 000 (95% CI 5 530 000–10 460 000), increasing by 89% to ∼14 401 000 in 2060 (95% CI 10 489 000–19 647 000). In 2016, subjects aged 80+ years represented 53.5% of cases in Italy and 51.2% in the European Union; in 2060, 69.6% and 65.2%, respectively. Conclusions Our findings indicate a high burden of AF in coming decades, especially among the oldest-old, who carry the higher AF-related risk of stroke and medical complications.
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Speak, Thomas H., Mark A. Blitz, Daniel Stone, and Paul W. Seakins. "A new instrument for time-resolved measurement of HO<sub>2</sub> radicals." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no. 2 (February 20, 2020): 839–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-839-2020.
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Abstract. OH and HO2 radicals are closely coupled in the atmospheric oxidation and combustion of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Simultaneous measurement of HO2 yields and OH kinetics can provide the ability to assign site-specific rate coefficients that are important for understanding the oxidation mechanisms of VOCs. By coupling a fluorescence assay by gaseous expansion (FAGE) laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection system for OH and HO2 with a high-pressure laser flash photolysis system, it is possible to accurately measure OH pseudo-1st-order loss processes up to ∼100 000 s−1 and to determine HO2 yields via time-resolved measurements. This time resolution allows discrimination between primary HO2 from the target reaction and secondary production from side reactions. The apparatus was characterized by measuring yields from the reactions of OH with H2O2 (1:1 link between OH and HO2), with C2H4∕O2 (where secondary chemistry can generate HO2), with C2H6∕O2 (where there should be zero HO2 yield), and with CH3OH∕O2 (where there is a well-defined HO2 yield). As an application of the new instrument, the reaction of OH with n-butanol has been studied at 293 and 616 K. The bimolecular rate coefficient at 293 K, (9.24±0.21)×10-12 cm3 molec.−1 s−1, is in good agreement with recent literature, verifying that this instrument can measure accurate OH kinetics. At 616 K the regeneration of OH in the absence of O2, from the decomposition of the β-hydroxy radical, was observed, which allowed the determination of the fraction of OH reacting at the β site (0.23±0.04). Direct observation of the HO2 product in the presence of oxygen has allowed the assignment of the α-branching fractions (0.57±0.06) at 293 K and (0.54±0.04) at 616 K, again in good agreement with recent literature; branching ratios are key to modelling the ignition delay times of this potential “drop-in” biofuel.
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Johnson, Drew. "Type 1 Brugada pattern induced by DKA." Endocrinology and Disorders 6, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2640-1045/106.
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A 25-year-old man with a past medical history of type 1 diabetes presented to the emergency department with 2 days of progressive abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting after stopping insulin. His heart rate was 125 and the respiratory rate was 26. The glucose was 832 mg/dl, the potassium was 6.6 mmol/L, the beta-hydroxybutyrate was 111.8 mg/dl, and the pH was 6.95.
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Marshall, Chloe. "Brain, behavior and learning in language and reading disorders. Edited by M. Mody and E. Silliman. The Guilford Press, New York, 2008. pp. 400. Price: £33. ISBN 978-1-59385-831-5." Infant and Child Development 18, no. 6 (November 2009): 579–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/icd.619.
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Khamiruev, T. N., I. V. Volkov, and B. Z. Bazaron. "Line breeding of sheep when creating a new type of Transbaikal breed." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 50, no. 2 (May 28, 2020): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2020-2-8.
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The role of line breeding in fine-wool sheep husbandry is shown. Productivity indicators of fine-wool sheep of Transbaikal breed of Khangil type, in the conditions of Trans-Baikal Territory are presented. Four inbred lines were created in the Khangil type of Transbaikal breed, which are distinguished by increased indicators of wool and meat productivity, as well as high wool indicators. These are lines No 616, 8351, 8099, 8349. The positive effect of the new lines on the improvement of productive qualities in the herd of fine-wool sheep of Transbaikal breed of Khangil type was revealed. Line-bred rams exceeded their peers in live weight by 0.5–3.5%, amount of washed wool shorn – 7.2–23.8% (p ˂ 0.01), yield of washed wool – 2.2–6.5 abs.%, wool length – 1.0–8.0%, wool coefficient – 1.7–11.5 g per 1 kg of live weight. Moreover, animals of line No 8351 differ from individuals of other lines in the increased density of wool fibers and significantly finer wool (p ˂ 0.05), corresponding to the 64th quality. Lines No 8099 and 8349 are represented by large individuals with high indicators of live weight and wool productivity, lines No 616 and 8351 are characterized by an increased amount of wool shorn combined with good growth and development indicators. Line-bred ewes exceed the breed standard in live weight by 12.5–24.3%, and the amount of shorn washed wool by 33.8– 40.7%. The length of hair was 9.3–9.6 cm, the proportion of animals with fine wool of 64th quality was 80.1–86.0%. The lines are maintained by selection of ewes both related and unrelated to the ram (line extension) that meet the requirements of the desired type and characteristics of the line.
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Maddali, L. S., and S. Maddali. "Pattern of malignancies in geriatric patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 19650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.19650.
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19650 Background: Information regarding pattern of malignancies in geriatric patients in India is not readily available. Methods: Between 1st January 1999 and 31st December 2006 we encountered 832 geriatric patients among a total of 3748 cases. Analysis was done with respect to age, sex and disease. Results: Geriatric patients constituted 832/3748 (22.20%) of our work load. Males 432 (51.92%) Females 400 (48.08%). Hematologic malignancies 214 (25.72%) Solid tumors 618 (74.28%). male preponderance in Hematologic malignancies 141/214 (66.89%); female preponderance in solid tumors 327/618 (52.91%). Top 7 malignancies: Males (432)-NSCLC 60 (13.89%) Prostate 57 (13.19%) NHL 48 (11.11%) Myeloma 39 (9.03%) CLL 31 (7.18%) HNSCC 30 (6.94%) Colon 26 (6.02%); Females (400)- Breast 147 (36.75%) Ovary 50 (12.50%) Uterus 44 (11.00%) NHL 25 (6.25%) Colon 20 (5.00%) NSCLC 11 (2.75%) CML 10 (2.50%). Age groups: (65–70) yrs-517 (62.13%) males 254, females 263; (71–80) yrs-264 (31.73%) males 152 females 112; (81–90) yrs-48 (5.78%) males 24, females 24; >91yrs-3 (0.36%) males 2 female 1. Top 5 malignancies in each age & sex group: Males, (65–70) yrs, 254: NSCLC 39 NHL 30 Prostate 29 Myeloma 24 Colon 19; (71–80) yrs, 152: Prostate 20 NSCLC 19 NHL 17 CLL 15 HNSCC 14; (81–90) yrs, 24: Prostate 7 Myeloma 2 CLL 2 CML 2 AML 2; Females, (65–70) yrs, 263: Breast 99 Ovary 37 Uterus 30 colon 13 NHL 13; (71–80) yrs, 112: Breast 41 Ovary 12 NHL 11 Uterus 10 CLL 9; (81–90) yrs, 24: Breast 7 Uterus 4 CLL 2 Renal cell carcinoma 2 Ovary 1. Conclusions: Solid tumors are the predominant malignancies in geriatric patients 618/832 (74.28%). B Cell neoplasms constitute bulk of the hematologic neoplasms 173/214 (80.84%). Sarcomas are uncommon 20/832 (2.40%). Important solid tumors: Prostate, NSCLC, Colon and HNSCC in males; Breast, Ovary, Uterus and colon in females. Age group (65–70) yrs is the major group 517/832 (62.13%) followed by significant age group (71–80) yrs 264/832 (31.73%). It is imperative to employ curative strategies for malignancies in this ever expanding population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Boote, D. J., I. F. Dennis, P. R. Twentyman, R. J. Osborne, C. Laburte, S. Hensel, J. F. Smyth, M. H. Brampton, and N. M. Bleehen. "Phase I study of etoposide with SDZ PSC 833 as a modulator of multidrug resistance in patients with cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 14, no. 2 (February 1996): 610–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1996.14.2.610.
Abstract:
PURPOSE To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and toxicity of PSC 833 infusion administered with etoposide for 5 days in patients with cancer, and to determine the effect of PSC 833 on etoposide pharmacokinetics. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-five patients were entered onto the study, one of whom was ineligible. Etoposide was delivered from day 1 as a 2-hour infusion over 5 consecutive days at a dose of 75 to 100 mg/m2/d. PSC 833 was administered from day 2 as a 2-hour loading dose and as a 5-day continuous infusion. Doses were escalated from 1 to 2 mg/kg (loading dose) and 1 to 15 mg/kg/d (continuous infusion). RESULTS Thirty-four patients were treated with 53 cycles of PSC 833 and etoposide. Steady-state blood PSC 833 levels more than 1,000 ng/mL were achieved in all patients treated at PSC 833 doses > or = 6.6 mg/kg/d by continuous infusion. Myelosuppression was the most common toxicity. The major dose-related toxicity of PSC 833 was reversible hyperbilirubinemia, which occurred in 83% of cycles. The dose-limiting toxicity of PSC 833 was severe ataxia, which occurred in two of nine patients treated at 12 mg/kg/d and in both of the single patients treated at 13.5 and 15 mg/kg/d. PSC 833 concentrations more than 2,000 ng/mL resulted in an increase in etoposide area under the curve (AUC) of 89%, a decrease in etoposide clearance (Cl) of 45%, a decrease in volume of steady-state distribution (Vss) of 41%, and an insignificant increase in alpha half-life (t 1/2 alpha) and significant increase of beta half-life (t 1/2 beta) of 19% and 77%, respectively. CONCLUSION PSC 833 can be administered in combination with etoposide with acceptable toxicity. The recommended continuous infusion dose of PSC 833 for this schedule is 10 mg/kg/d over 5 days. PSC 833 results in an increase in etoposide exposure and etoposide doses should be reduced in patients receiving PSC 833.
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Новіков, Вадим. "СПРОЩЕНА СИСТЕМА ОБЛІКУ І ЗВІТНОСТІ: ІСТОРИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ." Grail of Science, no. 24 (February 22, 2023): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/grail-of-science.17.02.2023.013.
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Суб’єкти малого підприємництва складають найвагомішу частку української економіки. За статистикою у 2021 р. в Україні діяло 1 880 858 (96%) мікропідприємств, 56 969 (3%) малих підприємств, 17 811 (0,9%) середніх підприємств та 610 (0,1%) великих підприємств. Великі підприємства займали 33,7 % у структурі загальної виробленої продукції, середні – 34,4 %, малі – 31,9%, з них мікропідприємства – 18,2%. [3].
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Anderson, Gregory J., William T. Roswit, Michael J. Holtzman, James C. Hogg, and Stephan F. Van Eeden. "Effect of mechanical deformation of neutrophils on their CD18/ICAM-1-dependent adhesion." Journal of Applied Physiology 91, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 1084–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.91.3.1084.
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Mechanical deformation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) changes their expression of the surface adhesion molecule CD11b/CD18. We tested the hypothesis that mechanical deformation of PMN enhances their adhesiveness. Purified human PMN were deformed through either 5- or 3-μm polycarbonate membrane filters and allowed to adhere to 96-well plates coated with human recombinant intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Flow cytometric studies showed that deformation of PMN increased CD11b/CD18 expression ( P < 0.01). PMN adhesion to ICAM-1-coated plates was dependent on the magnitude of cell deformation (5 μm, 63.8 ± 8.1%, P < 0.04; 3 μm, 232.4 ± 20.9%, P < 0.01). Priming of PMN (0.5 nM N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine) before deformation (5 μm) increased PMN adhesion (63.8 ± 8.1 vs. 105.3 ± 16.4%; P < 0.04). Stimulation (5% zymosan-activated plasma) of PMN after deformation resulted in increased adhesion, and the degree of increase was dependent on the magnitude of PMN deformation (stimulation, 50.6 ± 4%; 5-μm filtration and stimulation, 62.9 ± 6.6%; 3-μm filtration and stimulation, 249.9 ± 24.2%; P < 0.01). This study shows that mechanical deformation of PMN causes an increase in PMN adhesiveness to ICAM-1 that was enhanced by both priming of PMN before deformation and stimulation after cell deformation.
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Rether, Jan, Gerhard Erkel, Olov Sterner, and Timm Anke. "Inhibition of TNF-α Promoter Activity and Synthesis by A11-99-1, a New Cyclopentenone from the Ascomycete Mollisia melaleuca." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 60, no. 5-6 (June 1, 2005): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2005-5-617.
Abstract:
In a search for inhibitors of the inducible tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) promoter activity and synthesis, a new chlorinated cyclopentenone was isolated from fermentations of the ascomycete Mollisia melaleuca. The structure was determined by a combination of spectroscopic techniques. The compound blocked the inducible human TNF-α promoter activity and synthesis with IC50-values of 2.5-5 μg/ml (8.1-16.1 μм). Studies on the mode of action of the compound revealed that the inhibition of TNF-α promoter activity is caused by an inhibition of the phosphorylation of the IϰB protein which prevents the activation of the transcription factor NF-ϰB. No cytotoxic, antibacterial and antifungal activities could be observed up to 100 μg/ml (323 μм) of the compound.
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Michel, Jacqueline, Heidi Hinkeldey, Norman Meade, and Peter McGowan. "Injury to Birds and Diamondback Terrapins Resulting from the Chalk Point Oil Spill, Maryland." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2003, no. 1 (April 1, 2003): 797–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-797.
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ABSTRACT A pipeline spill of 126,000 gallons of a mixture of No. 6 and No. 2 fuel oils into the Patuxent River on 7 April 2000 affected over-wintering waterfowl, resident birds, and diamondback terrapins, as well as intertidal habitats, fish and shellfish, benthic habitats, and muskrats. The final estimate of bird impacts was the sum of the numbers of birds collected dead, dying in rehabilitation, and estimated to have died after release and in the field. The result was an estimated 495 total birds killed, with 67 known dead. The total terrapin mortality was estimated by projecting: a) the number of terrapin-years lost from mortality of adults and juveniles killed directly (estimated to be 122 animals) by the spill, b) the estimated number of young that would have been born and survived to adults from those directly killed, and c) increased hatchling mortality. The final estimate of direct terrapin mortality was 616 lost discounted terrapin-years (DTYs), while lost production from the next generation contributed 3,793 lost DTYs. The loss due to increased hatchling mortality was 836 DTYs. The total injury to Patuxent River diamondback terrapins was estimated to be a loss of 5,245 DTYs.
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A. Karim, Abdul Mun’em, Abdul Halim A. Mohammed, and Hiadar A. Areff. "Kinetic Models Study of Hydrodesulphurization Vacuum Distillate Reaction." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 16, no. 1 (March 31, 2009): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.16.1.01.
Abstract:
This study deals with kinetics of hydrodesulphurization (HDS) reaction of vacuum gas oil (611-833) K which was distillated from Kirkuk crude oil and which was obtained by blending the fractions, light vacuum gas oil (611 – 650) K, medium vacuum gas oil (650- 690) K, heavy vacuum gas oil (690-727) K and very heavy vacuum gas oil (727-833) K. The vacuum gas oil was hydrotreated on a commercial cobalt-molybdenum alumina catalyst presulfied at specified conditions in a laboratory trickle bed reactor. The reaction temperature range (583-643) K,liquid hourly space velocity range (1.5-3.75) h-1 and hydrogen pressure was kept constant at 3.5 MPa with hydrogen to oil ratio about 250 lt/lt. The conversion results for desulphurization reaction appeared to obey the second order reaction. According to this model, the rate constants for desulphurization reaction were determined. Finally, the apparent activation energy (Ea), enthalpy of activation ( H*) and entropy ( S*) were calculated based on the values of rate constant (k2) and were equal 80.3792 KJ/mole, 75.2974 KJ/mole and 197.493 J/mole, respectively.
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A.K.Mohammed, Abdul-Halim, Abdul-Monaem A.K, and Hiadar A.A. "Kinetic Studies of Hydrodesulfurization of Vacuum Distillate." Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 10, no. 1 (March 30, 2009): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2009.1.8.
Abstract:
Vacuum gas oil (611-833)K was distilled from Kirkuk crude oil, which was obtained by blending the following fraction,light vacuum gas oil (611 - 650) K, medium vacuum gas oil (650-690)K, heavy vacuum gas oil (690-727)K and veryheavy vacuum gas oil (727-833)K.The vacuum gas oil was hydrotreated on a commercial cobalt-molybdenum alumina catalyst presulfied at specifiedcondition in a laboratory trickle bed reactor. The reaction temperature varied from (583-643)K over liquid hourly spacevelocity ranging between (1.5-3.75)h-1 , Hydrogen pressure was kept constant at 3.5 MPa with a hydrogen to oil ratioof about 250 L/LThe conversion results for desulfurization appeared to obey the second order kinetics. According to this model rateconstants for desulfurization reaction were calculated. Finally, the apparent activation energy (Ea), enthalpy ofactivation ( H*) and entropy ( S*) were calculated based on the values of rate constant (k). The calculated values ofEa, H* and S* were 74.657 kJ/mole, 74.712 kJ/mole and 167.132 J/mole.k, respectively.
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Sheikh, H. A. A. R., and S. V. Madhamshettiwar. "Kinetics Study of Acid Hydrolysis of Waste Nylon-6,6 using Anionic Surfactant." Journal of Scientific Research 15, no. 3 (August 16, 2023): 845–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v15i3.64175.
Abstract:
The depolymerization reaction of nylon-6,6 is carried out by acidic hydrolysis in the presence of various amounts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (SDBS) (0.02 to 0.07 g) surfactant used as a catalyst at 80 °C and at a different time interval (120 to 240 min). The maximum yield was obtained when 0.05 g SDBS was added to the reaction mixture as a catalyst and 180 min. The reaction mixture was neutralized by 5N NaOH, and the hexamethylene diamine obtained was converted into the Dibenzoyl derivative of hexamethylene diamine (DBHMD), which was filtered, dried, and weighed. The yield was found to be 87.14 %. The characterization was done by the melting point determination and FTIR spectra. The information obtained was in accordance with the literature value. This reaction has followed first-order kinetics with a rate constant of reaction 8.31×10-3 min -1. The IR recorded clearly reveals that the product obtained is pure.
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Murthy, T. N. Sanjeeva, Zeliha Atioğlu, Mehmet Akkurt, M. K. Veeraiah, Ching Kheng Quah, C. S. Chidan Kumar, and B. P. Siddaraju. "Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (E)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,5-dichlorothiophen-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 75, no. 2 (January 4, 2019): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989018018066.
Abstract:
The molecular structure of the title compound, C13H7Cl3OS, consists of a 2,5- dichlorothiophene ring and a 2-chlorophenyl ring linked via a prop-2-en-1-one spacer. The dihedral angle between the 2,5-dichlorothiophene and 2-chlorophenyl rings is 9.69 (12)°. The molecule has an E configuration about the C=C bond and the carbonyl group is syn with respect to the C=C bond. The molecular conformation is stabilized by two intramolecular C—H...Cl contacts and one intramolecular C—H...O contact, forming S(5)S(5)S(6) ring motifs. In the crystal, the molecules are linked along the a-axis direction through van der Waals forces and along the b axis by face-to-face π-stacking between the thiophene rings and between the benzene rings of neighbouring molecules, forming corrugated sheets lying parallel to the bc plane. The intermolecular interactions in the crystal packing were further analysed using Hirshfield surface analysis, which indicates that the most significant contacts are Cl...H/ H...Cl (28.6%), followed by C...H/H...C (11.9%), C...C (11.1%), H...H (11.0%), Cl...Cl (8.1%), O...H/H...O (8.0%) and S...H/H...S (6.6%).
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Morris, Michael J., Johann S. De Bono, Kim N. Chi, Karim Fizazi, Ken Herrmann, Kambiz Rahbar, Scott T. Tagawa, et al. "Phase III study of lutetium-177-PSMA-617 in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (VISION)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 18_suppl (May 20, 2021): LBA4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.lba4.
Abstract:
LBA4 Background: Despite recent therapeutic advances, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains invariably fatal. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is highly expressed in mCRPC lesions. 177Lu-PSMA-617 is a targeted radioligand therapy that delivers ß-particle radiation to PSMA-expressing cells and surrounding microenvironment. Method: VISION was an international, randomized, open-label phase III study evaluating 177Lu-PSMA-617 in men with PSMA-positive mCRPC previously treated with next-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibition and 1–2 taxane regimens. PSMA positivity (threshold greater than liver) was determined by central review of 68Ga-PSMA-11 scans. Patients were randomized 2:1 to 177Lu-PSMA-617 (7.4 GBq every 6 weeks x 6 cycles) plus standard of care (SOC) versus SOC alone. SOC was investigator determined but excluded cytotoxic chemotherapy and radium-223. The alternate primary endpoints were radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) using PCWG3 criteria by independent central review (ICR) and overall survival (OS). Under the null hypothesis, median rPFS was assumed to be 4 months and OS 10 months for 177Lu-PSMA-617 + SOC for a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.00. Under the alternative hypothesis, median rPFS was assumed to be 6 months for a HR of 0.67 and median OS was assumed to be 13.7 months for a HR of 0.7306. Key secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR; RECIST v1.1), disease control rate (DCR), and time to first symptomatic skeletal event (SSE). Results: Between 4 June 2018 and 23 October 2019, 831 of 1179 screened patients were randomized 2:1 to receive 177Lu-PSMA-617 + SOC (n = 551) or SOC only (n = 280). Median study follow-up was 20.9 months at the data cut-off (27 January 2021). Treatment groups were balanced in terms of demographics and baseline characteristics. 177Lu-PSMA-617 + SOC significantly improved rPFS versus SOC alone (median rPFS, 8.7 vs 3.4 months; HR, 0.40 [99.2% CI: 0.29, 0.57]; p < 0.001, one-sided). The alternate primary endpoint of OS was also significantly improved versus SOC alone (median OS, 15.3 vs 11.3 months; HR, 0.62 [95% CI: 0.52, 0.74]; p < 0.001, one-sided). All key secondary endpoints were statistically significant between the treatment arms in favor of 177Lu-PSMA-617 + SOC, including ICR-determined ORR (29.8% vs 1.7%), ICR-determined DCR (89.0% vs 66.7%) and time to first SSE (median time, 11.5 vs 6.8 months; HR, 0.50). While a higher rate of high-grade treatment-emergent adverse events was observed with 177Lu-PSMA-617 (52.7% vs 38.0%), therapy was well tolerated. Conclusions: 177Lu-PSMA-617 plus SOC treatment is a well-tolerated regimen that improves rPFS and prolongs OS compared with SOC alone in men with advanced-stage PSMA-positive mCRPC, supporting its adoption as a standard of care. Clinical trial information: NCT03511664.
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Liu, HaiRui, YinQi Chen, Guangtao Liu, and Mi Zhou. "Pressure-induced Fermi resonance between fundamental modes in phthalic anhydride." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 34, no. 20 (March 10, 2022): 204002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ac577c.
Abstract:
Abstract In situ high-pressure Raman spectra of phthalic anhydride (PA) have been measured up to 16 GPa through diamond anvil cell technique. The results show that all the Raman bands are blue-shifted with the increase of pressure, accompanied by appearance of some new bands. A Fermi resonance phenomenon of the two Raman fundamental modes of PA at 773 cm−1 and 801 cm−1 is proposed at pressures above 6.6 GPa, where a possible first-order phase transition occurs. The pressure-induced changes of Fermi resonance parameters, e.g., intensity ratio, coupling coefficient and frequency gap of unperturbed transition, are discussed.
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Campos, Pierre-Eric, Emmanuel Pichon, Céline Moriou, Patricia Clerc, Rozenn Trépos, Michel Frederich, Nicole De Voogd, Claire Hellio, Anne Gauvin-Bialecki, and Ali Al-Mourabit. "New Antimalarial and Antimicrobial Tryptamine Derivatives from the Marine Sponge Fascaplysinopsis reticulata." Marine Drugs 17, no. 3 (March 15, 2019): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17030167.
Abstract:
Chemical study of the CH2Cl2-MeOH (1:1) extract of the sponge Fascaplysinopsis reticulata collected in Mayotte highlighted three new tryptophan derived alkaloids, 6,6′-bis-(debromo)-gelliusine F (1), 6-bromo-8,1′-dihydro-isoplysin A (2) and 5,6-dibromo-8,1′-dihydro-isoplysin A (3), along with the synthetically known 8-oxo-tryptamine (4) and the three known molecules from the same family, tryptamine (5), (E)-6-bromo-2′-demethyl-3′-N-methylaplysinopsin (6) and (Z)-6-bromo-2′-demethyl-3′-N-methylaplysinopsin (7). Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectra and HRESIMS data. All compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial and their antiplasmodial activities. Regarding antimicrobial activities, the best compounds are (2) and (3), with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.01 and 1 µg/mL, respectively, towards Vibrio natrigens, and (5), with MIC values of 1 µg/mL towards Vibrio carchariae. In addition the known 8-oxo-tryptamine (4) and the mixture of the (E)-6-bromo-2′-demethyl-3′-N-methylaplysinopsin (6) and (Z)-6-bromo-2′-demethyl-3′-N-methylaplysinopsin (7) showed moderate antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum with IC50 values of 8.8 and 8.0 µg/mL, respectively.
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Varga, Gergely, Gabor Mikala, Gergely Szombath, Katalin Balassa, Katalin Piroska Kiss, Attila Tordai, Hajnalka Andrikovics, and Tamas Masszi. "The Effect of Proteasome Subunit Beta Type 1 P11A Polymorphism on the Survival of Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated with First Line Bortezomib Based Chemotherapy." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 1765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.1765.1765.
Abstract:
Abstract Background: Proteasome inhibitors have a fundamental role in the treatment of multiple myeloma however there are still patients who fail to achieve a good response and have a dismal prognosis. Markers predicting the outcome of individual patients are needed to identify those who would benefit more from a different approach. Proteasome subunit beta type 1 (PSMB1) rs12717 single nucleotide polymorphism (C/G substitution resulting in a P11A change) was reported recently to be associated with greater clinical benefit in relapsed follicular lymphoma patients treated with bortezomib containing combination (Coiffier et al Clin Cancer Res 2013). To the best of our knowledge there is only one report with limited number of myeloma patients showing no association between PSMB1 P11A genotype and survival (Lichter et al Blood 2012). Aims and Methods: We analyzed the association of PSMB1 P11A polymorphism and treatment outcome of 220 consecutive myeloma patients having had first line chemotherapy in our unit. PSMB1 P11A polymorphism was tested using LightCycler melting analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS (version 20.0) software package. Results: The distribution of presentation prognostic markers such as age, ISS and FISH were even among the three genotype groups. 149 patients had bortezomib-based chemotherapy, mainly VTD (n=76) and MPV (n=47); 63% of these patients had ASCT consolidation. 71 patients had non-bortezomib-containing induction with either thalidomide, lenalidomide or other protocols including MP and VAD; only 28% of these patients had ASCT. In a recessive model the median PFS was 727 (635-818) days in carriers of the wild type C allele either in homozygous of heterozygous form (C/C&C/G, n=188), and only 491 (366-615) days in the homozygous variant G allele carriers (G/G, n=32, p=0.01). In multivariate analysis, C allele carriers had favorable PFS compared to G/G genotype patients with a hazard ratio of 1.402 (1.093-1.799), p=0.008 besides age, ISS, FISH, bortezomib treatment and ASCT. When we analyzed separately the bortezomib-treated and non-bortezomib-treated patients the benefit in PFS was only present in the bortezomib group [Fig 1, PFS 747 (656-837) days in C/C&C/G and 448 (279-616) days in G/G patients, p=0.002], and not in patients treated without bortezomib (p=0.559). We performed statistical interaction testing which showed significant interaction between bortezomib exposure and PSMB1 P11A (p=0.035). Conclusion: PSMB1 P11A is a novel predictive marker in multiple myeloma which could help to identify patients having a suboptimal response to bortezomib who might benefit from alternative management. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Zhang, Ji, Han-Mo Wang, Yan-Li Zhao, Zhi-Tian Zuo, Yuan-Zhong Wang, and Hang Jin. "Comparison of Mineral Element Content in a Functional Food Maca (Lepidium meyeniiWalp.) from Asia and South America." Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/530541.
Abstract:
Contents of eight mineral elements in maca (Lepidium meyeniiWalp.) from China and Peru were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. Cu contents in maca samples from China (2.5–31 mg kg−1dry weight, dw) were higher than the samples from Peru (<2.1 mg kg−1 dw). Na in two samples from China was found to be significantly of high content (2400 and 2600 mg kg−1 dw). The contents (mg kg−1 dw) of B, Co, Cr, Li, Ni, and Zn were, respectively, 8.1–21, <0.023, <1.1~3.5, 0.020–0.17, 0.085–4.5, and 10–39 for the samples from China, while being 6.6–12, <0.023, <1.1~2.3, 0.035–0.063, 0.68–1.7, and 27–39 for the samples from Peru.
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Baier, M., and W. Hartung. "Cytoplasmic pH and Abscisic Acid Transport across Guard Cell Membranes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 46, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1991): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1991-1-217.
Abstract:
Abstract The cytoplasmic pH value of guard cells of Valerianella locusta was determined from the distribution of the weak acid [14C]ABA between the medium and the cell, which was shown to be 8.1 ± 0.1. Treatment of guard cells in media with low pH (pH 5.0) and different concentrations of sodium acetate (0 − 5 mol m−3) caused a considerable acidification of the cytoplasm (6.6 − 7.7). Using the compartmental analysis we determined also the fluxes of ABA at the plasma membrane of guard cells (Φω) and at the tonoplast of guard cells (Φᴄᴠ) under steady state conditions. The flux of ABA from the cytoplasm into the vacuoles (tonoplast flux) was dependent upon the cytoplasmic pH. The data give evidence that ABA− is transported across the tonoplast by a saturable transport component. The ABA flux at the plasma membrane seemed to be independent of the cytoplasmic pH.
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Permanasari, Ikah Ning P., Vico Luthfi Ipmawan, Rifki Prayoga, and Alamta Singarimbun. "Landslide Potential Analysis Using Microtremor Data on The Main Route to Beach Tourism in Tanjung Pandan, Pesawaran, Lampung." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 830, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/830/1/012027.
Abstract:
Abstract Tanjung Pandan has much beach tourism which attracts many tourists. However, the only road access to these tourist destinations is bordered by hills and cliffs on either side. Its condition has a potential to landslides. This study aims to determine the landslides potential caused by earthquakes considered as external force by obtaining the ground shear strain (GSS) value and obtaining the depth of the slip surface at the measurement location. There are 10 measurement points in two different locations. The method used is the horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method to obtain the value of the dominant frequency and the amplification factor. These two parameters are then used to obtain the value of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and GSS. The depth of the slip surface is obtained by the ellipticity curve inversion method. The frequency natural values vary from 1.4 to 8.2 Hz and the amplification factor values vary from 2.4 to 5.2. The PGA values obtained from Fukushima-Tanaka equation have range from 3.02 to 3.04 gal using the 6.6 Mw Liwa earthquakes considered as the reference earthquake. The GSS values vary from 3.5x10−6 to 3.2x10−5. Based on the value, the caused-earthquake landslides potential is very small. This result does not rule out landslides caused by other factors, such as rainfall. Meanwhile, from the inversion method, it is found that the depth of the slip plane at the second location is about 11 to16 meters with a slope ranging from 23° to 33°.
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Permanasari, Ikah Ning P., Vico Luthfi Ipmawan, Rifki Prayoga, and Alamta Singarimbun. "Landslide Potential Analysis Using Microtremor Data on The Main Route to Beach Tourism in Tanjung Pandan, Pesawaran, Lampung." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 830, no. 1 (September 1, 2021): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/830/1/012027.
Abstract:
Abstract Tanjung Pandan has much beach tourism which attracts many tourists. However, the only road access to these tourist destinations is bordered by hills and cliffs on either side. Its condition has a potential to landslides. This study aims to determine the landslides potential caused by earthquakes considered as external force by obtaining the ground shear strain (GSS) value and obtaining the depth of the slip surface at the measurement location. There are 10 measurement points in two different locations. The method used is the horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method to obtain the value of the dominant frequency and the amplification factor. These two parameters are then used to obtain the value of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and GSS. The depth of the slip surface is obtained by the ellipticity curve inversion method. The frequency natural values vary from 1.4 to 8.2 Hz and the amplification factor values vary from 2.4 to 5.2. The PGA values obtained from Fukushima-Tanaka equation have range from 3.02 to 3.04 gal using the 6.6 Mw Liwa earthquakes considered as the reference earthquake. The GSS values vary from 3.5x10−6 to 3.2x10−5. Based on the value, the caused-earthquake landslides potential is very small. This result does not rule out landslides caused by other factors, such as rainfall. Meanwhile, from the inversion method, it is found that the depth of the slip plane at the second location is about 11 to16 meters with a slope ranging from 23° to 33°.
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Aamdal, S., S. Dueland, O. Engebraaten, K. Owre, M. Dyrhaug, S. Trachsel, and G. Gaudernack. "A phase I/II study of telomerase peptide vaccination in combination with chemotherapy in patients with stage IV malignant melanoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 8031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.8031.
Abstract:
8031 Background: A phase I/II feasibility study was conducted to investigate the safety, tolerability and immunological response to vaccination with the telomerase peptide GV1001 (hTERT: 611–626) in combination with temozolomide (T). Methods: Twenty-five patients with malignant melanoma (15 stage M1c,10 stage M1b) received T day 1–5 every four weeks for 1–9 cycles. During the first cycle (4 weeks) they received i.d. injections of 560 μg GV1001 with local GM-CSF in week 2,3 and 4, followed by injections in week 6 and 7 in the second cycle and week 11 in the third cycle. The treatment period was 12 weeks (3 cycles). Booster vaccinations with 560 μg GV1001 were offered every third month. Monitoring of blood samples, clinical examination were performed regularly with radiological staging every 12th week. Immune responses were measured as DTH and in vitro T-cell proliferation. Results: The treatment was generally well tolerated with only grade 1–2 toxicity in most patients. Of 14 patients, 4 developed grade 3 toxicity and one grade 4 toxicity (neutropenia). Immune responses against GV1001 were detected in 17/21 patients (81%) at 12 weeks. Patients receiving up to 9 cycles of T exhibited stable proliferative responses to GV1001 throughout the treatment period. None of the patients had DTH response at trial entry and no DTH responses were observed in patients receiving T. This was not due to a shift in the cytokine profile since cloned GV1001-specific CD4+ T cells displayed a Th1 cytokine profile. Upon evaluation in week 12, 6 patients had SD, 10 PD. One patient had a PR with shrinkage or disappearance of multiple lung metastases. A patient continuing on vaccine alone developed significant DTH response when T therapy was stopped. Conclusions: Telomerase vaccination of patients receiving concomitant T treatment is feasible. The unexpected high proportion of patients showing an immune response indicates that regulatory T-cells may have been removed by T treatment. The chemotherapy may also have influenced effector cells required for development of skin reactions. In spite of lacking DTH response however, the majority of the patients demonstrated significant immune response indicating different regulation of DTH and T-cell response. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Deng, Shuoqing, Xiaolu Tan, and Xiang Yu. "Utility Maximization with Proportional Transaction Costs Under Model Uncertainty." Mathematics of Operations Research 45, no. 4 (November 2020): 1210–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/moor.2019.1029.
Abstract:
We consider a discrete time financial market with proportional transaction costs under model uncertainty and study a numéraire-based semistatic utility maximization problem with an exponential utility preference. The randomization techniques recently developed in Bouchard, Deng, and Tan [Bouchard B, Deng S, Tan X (2019) Super-replication with proportional transaction cost under model uncertainty. Math. Finance 29(3):837–860.], allow us to transform the original problem into a frictionless counterpart on an enlarged space. By suggesting a different dynamic programming argument than in Bartl [Bartl D (2019) Exponential utility maximization under model uncertainty for unbounded endowments. Ann. Appl. Probab. 29(1):577–612.], we are able to prove the existence of the optimal strategy and the convex duality theorem in our context with transaction costs. In the frictionless framework, this alternative dynamic programming argument also allows us to generalize the main results in Bartl [Bartl D (2019) Exponential utility maximization under model uncertainty for unbounded endowments. Ann. Appl. Probab. 29(1):577–612.] to a weaker market condition. Moreover, as an application of the duality representation, some basic features of utility indifference prices are investigated in our robust setting with transaction costs.
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Ye, Weimin. "Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines) Distribution in North Carolina, U.S.A." Plant Health Progress 18, no. 4 (January 1, 2017): 230–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-08-17-0050-br.
Abstract:
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, is an obligate, sedentary, and devastating parasite that is a major pathogen of soybean and accounts for an estimated $1.2 billion in production losses annually in the United States. SCN was first discovered in the United States in New Hanover County, North Carolina, in 1954. This report summarizes lab assay and survey results from July 1, 2014, to June 30, 2017. In this period, 100,118 grower samples were assayed for nematodes. SCN was detected in 21,922 of the soil samples (21.9%). The overall population level was 110 ± 266 (10 to 14,600) per 500 cm3 of soil. Based on the assay results from grower and survey soil samples, Anson, Catawba, Chatham, Dare, and Lincoln counties were added to the list of SCN-positive counties documented by June 30, 2014, bringing the total to 57. Johnston (3,462 SCN-positive samples), Wayne (3,274), Nash (2,960), Wilson (2,039), and Pasquotank (1,513) had the most SCN-positive samples. Montgomery (831 SCN/500 cm3 of soil on average), Bladen (790), Washington (610), Carteret (607), and Harnett (368) were found to have the highest SCN population levels.
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Wijga, Alet H., Sigrid M. Mohnen, Judith M. Vonk, and Ellen Uiters. "Healthcare utilisation and expenditure of overweight and non-overweight children." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 72, no. 10 (June 11, 2018): 940–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-210222.
Abstract:
BackgroundQuantification of the burden of overweight on the healthcare system is becoming increasingly urgent for health policy, but accurate estimates are hard to obtain.MethodsIn order to assess healthcare utilisation and expenditure of overweight and non-overweight children, we linked, on an individual basis, data on body mass index from a birth cohort study with administrative health insurance claims data. In children aged 14–15 years, we compared utilisation and expenditure on general practice care, dental care, hospital/specialist care, prescribed medication, allied healthcare and mental healthcare of overweight children (overweight at age 11 and 14, n=80) and non-overweight children (no overweight at age 11 and 14, n=1253).ResultsFor overweight children, mean 1-year healthcare expenditure was €837 per child and for non-overweight children €616. This difference was mainly due to significant differences in utilisation of hospital care (49% vs 37%) and mental healthcare (14% vs 7%) and to a lesser extent to higher expenditure per user.ConclusionOur results indicate the potential value of linking survey data to claims data in order to obtain insight into the healthcare costs of childhood overweight. Further studies should elucidate whether the observed differences are causally related to overweight.
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Pozio, E., F. Paterlini, C. Pedarra, L. Sacchi, R. Bugarini, E. Goffredo, and P. Boni. "Predilection sites of Trichinella spiralis larvae in naturally infected horses." Journal of Helminthology 73, no. 3 (March 1999): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x99000360.
Abstract:
A total of 120 muscle tissues from three horses naturally infected with Trichinella spiralis were examined. The head was the most infected site. In particular, the muscles harbouring the highest number of larvae were: musculus buccinator (12, 411 and 1183 larvae g-1), the tongue (11, 615 and 1749 larvae g-1), m. levator labii maxillaris (17, 582 and 1676 larvae g-1), and the masseter (4.9, 289 and 821 larvae g-1). Compared with the diaphragm, the number of larvae per gram was from 3.5 to 6.8 times higher in the tongue, from 3.5 to 6.5 higher in m. levator labii maxillaris, and from 2.5 to 4.6 higher in m. buccinator. Of the examined muscles, the diaphragm had from the 6th to the 15th highest level of infection (3.1, 166 and 256 larvae g-1). Published data from experimentally infected horses confirm these results, suggesting that efforts to detect predilection sites should focus on the head muscles.
30
Pozio, E., F. Paterlini, C. Pedarra, L. Sacchi, R. Bugarini, E. Goffredo, and P. Boni. "Predilection sites of Trichinella spiralis larvae in naturally infected horses." Journal of Helminthology 73, no. 3 (March 1999): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00700484.
Abstract:
A total of 120 muscle tissues from three horses naturally infected with Trichinella spiralis were examined. The head was the most infected site. In particular, the muscles harbouring the highest number of larvae were: musculus buccinator (12, 411 and 1183 larvae g-1), the tongue (11, 615 and 1749 larvae g-1), m. levator labii maxillaris (17, 582 and 1676 larvae g-1), and the masseter (4.9, 289 and 821 larvae g-1). Compared with the diaphragm, the number of larvae per gram was from 3.5 to 6.8 times higher in the tongue, from 3.5 to 6.5 higher in m. levator labii maxillaris, and from 2.5 to 4.6 higher in m. buccinator. Of the examined muscles, the diaphragm had from the 6th to the 15th highest level of infection (3.1, 166 and 256 larvae g-1). Published data from experimentally infected horses confirm these results, suggesting that efforts to detect predilection sites should focus on the head muscles.
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Gomes, Marília de Brito, Gildásio R. da Silva Júnior, and Eliete Leão da S. Clemente. "Variabilidade da pressão arterial de consultório em pacientes com diabetes mellitus do tipo 1." Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 43, no. 2 (March 1999): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27301999000200005.
Abstract:
Objetivo: Analisar a associação da variabilidade da pressão arterial auscultatória sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) com variáveis clínicas do diabetes tipo 1 (DM1). Métodos: Foram estudados 58 pacientes com DM1 (33 mulheres) com 24,6±8,5 (9-43) anos e duração do diabetes de 8,4±6,6 (0,4-36) anos, sendo 46 adultos e 12 púberes. A PAS e a PAD foram aferidas em três diferentes dias na posição supina, antes e após 5 e 10 min de repouso, calculando-se o coeficiente de variação médio (CVM) e intra-individual (CVI). Resultados; O CVM da PAS entre os diferentes tempos de aferição variou de 3,0 a 3,6% (adultos) e 3,3 a 4,6% (púberes) e o da PAD de 5,5 a 6,6% (adultos) e 6,3 a 7,4% (púberes).O CVM da PAS entre os diferentes dias de aferição variou de 6,4 a 6,8% (adultos) e 8,7 a 9,2% (púberes), sendo o CVI da PAS sem e após 5 min de repouso maior em púberes do que adultos, respectivamente (8,1 ±3,1 vs 5,3±4,1%; p=0,004) e (7,9±4,7 vs 5,2±3,7%; p=0,02) e apresentando uma maior correlação com a idade (PAS antes e após 5 min de repouso, respectivamente r= -0,34; r2= 0,12; p=0,007 e r= -0,31; r2= 0,09; p=0,01. O CVM da PAD entre os diferentes dias de aferição variou de 9,7 a 10,1% para os adultos e de 13 a 14,2% para os púberes. Nos adultos observamos diminuição da PAS e PAD entre os diferentes tempos de aferição e uma maior correlação entre duração do diabetes e PAS final após 5 min (r = 0,39; r2 = 0,15; p=0,007) e PAD após 10 min de repouso (r= 0,36; r2 = 0,13; p= 0,01). Conclusão: A variabilidade da PAS e PAD entre os diferentes dias e tempos de aferição observados neste estudo justificam a necessidade da realização de várias aferições após repouso de até 10 min em ambiente apropriado para o acompanhamento ambulatorial de rotina do paciente com DM1.
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Ker, Yaw-Bee, Kuan-Chou Chen, Chiung-Chi Peng, Chiu-Lan Hsieh, and Robert Y. Peng. "Structural Characteristics and Antioxidative Capability of the Soluble Polysaccharides Present inDictyophora indusiata(Vent. Ex Pers.) Fish Phallaceae." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/neq041.
Abstract:
Dictyophora indusiata(Vent. ex Pers.) Fish Phallaceae (Chinese name Zhu-Sūn, the bamboo fungi) has been used as a medicinal mushroom to treat many inflammatory, gastric and neural diseases since 618 AD in China. We hypothesize that the soluble polysaccharides (SP) present inD. indusiataand their monosaccharide profiles can act as an important role affecting the antioxidative capability, which in turn would influence the biological activity involving anti-inflammatory, immune enhancing and anticancer. We obtained six SP fractions and designated them as D1, a galactoglucan; D2, a galactan; D3, the isoelectrically precipitated riboglucan from 2% NaOH; D4, a myoinositol; D5 and D6, the mannogalactans. The total SP accounted for 37.44% w/w, their molecular weight (MW) ranged within 801–4656 kDa. D3, having the smallest MW 801 kDa, exhibited the most potent scavenging effect against the α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl, •OH−, and•O2−radicals, yielding IC50values 0.11, 1.02 and 0.64 mg mL−1, respectively. Thus we have confirmed our hypothesis that the bioactivity ofD. indusiatais related in majority, if not entirely, to its soluble polysaccharide type regarding the MW and monosaccharide profiles.
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A. Karim Mohammed, Abdul Halim, Abdul Mun’m A.KARIM, and Haider A.Areff. "Effect of Operating Cconditions on Hydrodesulfurization of Vacuum Gas Oil." Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2008): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2008.2.7.
Abstract:
This study was conducted according to contract with the North Refineries Company-Baiji and deals with the hydrodesulphurization of vacuum gas oil of Kirkuk crude oil, boiling range 611-833 K. A trickle bed reactor packed with a commercial cobalt-molybdenum on alumina catalyst was used. The operating conditions were: temperature range 583-643 K, liquid hourly space velocity range 1.50-3.75 1/h, hydrogen to oil ratio about 250 l/l and pressure kept constant at 3.5MPa.The results showed that the aromatic content decreased and sulfur removal increased with increasing temperature and decreasing space velocity. The properties (viscosity, density, flash point and carbon residue) of the products decrease with temperature increasing, but the aniline point increased.
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REIGADAS, E., L. ALCALÁ, M. MARÍN, A. MARTÍN, C. IGLESIAS, and E. BOUZA. "Role of binary toxin in the outcome ofClostridium difficileinfection in a non-027 ribotype setting." Epidemiology and Infection 144, no. 2 (June 29, 2015): 268–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026881500148x.
Abstract:
SUMMARYBinary toxin (BT) has been associated with strains causing more severeClostridium difficileinfection (CDI), such as ribotype 027. Data on the outcome of patients having BT present in ribotypes other than 027 are scarce. Our objective was to investigate the association between BT isolates and outcome of CDI in a non-027 ribotype setting. We prospectively included CDI episodes (January–June 2013 and March–June 2014) from symptomatic patients aged >2 years. Epidemiological and clinical data were recorded. BT genes were detected using multiplex PCR. During the study period, we identified 326 episodes of CDI, of which 319 were available for molecular analysis. Of these, 54 (16·9%) were caused byC. difficilestrains with BT. Most (90·7%) isolates with BT were ribotype 078/126. CDI patients with BT-positive strains did not differ from those with BT-negative strains in terms of recurrence (13·0%vs. 15·5%,P= 0·835), treatment failure (0·0%vs. 2·3%,P= 0·594), overall mortality (11·1%vs. 9·1%,P= 0·612), or CDI-related mortality (0·0%vs. 1·9%,P= 0·612). Multivariate regression revealed no association between BT and poor outcome. In conclusion, in a non-027 setting, we found that most BT isolates were 078/126 and were not associated with poor outcome.
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Hu, Shu-Wei, Wen-Li Lu, I.-Ping Chiang, Shu-Fen Wu, Chung-Hsing Wang, and An-Chyi Chen. "Neonatal Intrahepatic Cholestasis Caused by Citrin Deficiency with SLC25A13 Mutation Presenting Hepatic Steatosis and Prolonged Jaundice. A Rare Case Report." Medicina 57, no. 10 (September 28, 2021): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57101032.
Abstract:
Background: Neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease. The incidence of citrin deficiency is estimated between 1/10,000 and 1/20,000 in Taiwan. Case report: This report describes a case of a 42 day old female infant who suffered from prolonged jaundice, poor weight gain, and anemia. The initial total/direct bilirubin levels were 8.1/3.11 mg/dL. Liver biopsy was performed at 47 days old. The pathology revealed lobules marked with macrovesicular and microvesicular fatty metamorphosis. The serum amino acid profile showed elevated levels of threonine, methionine, citrulline, and arginine. Newborn screening disclosed normal results, but the genetic study revealed SLC25A13 mutation 851–854 del and 615 + 5G > A. The genetic study of her parents showed that the father carried the SLC25A13 mutation 851–854 del and the mother carried the SLC25A13 mutation 615 + 5G > A. Treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid decreased the bilirubin levels to a normal range at the age of 5 months. Conclusion: This report illustrates that hepatic steatosis is a feature of NICCD. For every young infant patient who develops cholestasis, the pediatrician must consider NICCD as a differential diagnosis even if newborn screening shows normal findings.
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Sato, Y., N. Yamamoto, H. Kunitoh, Y. Ohe, N. Katori, J. Sawada, H. Sakamoto, N. Saijo, T. Yoshida, and T. Tamura. "Genome-wide association scan detected candidate polymorphisms associated with overall survival (OS) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with carboplatin (CBDCA) and paclitaxel (PTX)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 8031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.8031.
Abstract:
8031 Background: The combination of CBDCA and PTX is one of the standard chemotherapy for patients with advanced NSCLC. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are a powerful tool for identifying genes for biomarkers of common diseases. This prospective study was investigated whether candidate polymorphisms in GWAS could influence OS in advanced NSCLC patients treated with CBDCA and PTX. Methods: Chemotherapy naïve stage IIIB or IV NSCLC patients, treated with CBDCA (AUC=6mg/ml/min) and PTX (200mg/m2, 3-hour), were eligible in this study. The DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells before treatment and 110,000 SNPs were obtained by Illuimna's Sentrix Human-1 Genotyping BeadChip. Statistical analyses were performed by the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model in consideration of the linkage disequilibrium. Results: From July 2002 to May 2004, 117 patients (male/female: 85/32, PS 0/1/2: 22/92/3, stage IIIB/IV: 50/67), aged 29–80 (median: 61) years, received a total of 387 cycles of treatment. The median survival time (MST) of 117 patients was 17.1 months. In the GWAS, four SNPs were associated significantly with shortened OS: rs1656402 in the EIF4E2 Gene (MST for AG [n = 54] + AA [n = 44] and GG [n = 19] were 18.2 and 7.7 months, respectively; p = 4.2× 10-7, HR = 3.58 [2.1–6.1]), rs1209950 in the ETS2 gene (MST for AA [n = 105] and AG [n = 12] + GG [n = 0] were 17.7 and 7.0 months, respectively. p = 9.2×10-8, HR = 4.95 [2.6–9.5]), rs10074374 (MST for CC [n = 114] and CT [n = 3] + TT [n = 0] were 17.1 and 2.2 months, respectively. p = 2.2×10-6, HR = 23.2 [6.3–85.1]) and rs2063681 (MST for CT [n = 45] + CC [n = 61] and TT [n = 11] were 17.8 and 6.6 months, respectively. p = 5.2×10-8, HR = 5.47 [2.8–10.9]). These four SNPs were statistically significant even after multiple comparison adjustment. Conclusions: GWAS is a powerful tool to search for new prognostic biomarkers for patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC who receive CBDCA and PTX as the first-line chemotherapy and may unveil an unexplored molecular pathways correlated with the drug response. [Table: see text]
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Nurlianna, Fariza. "PEMETAAN STATUS EKONOMI DENGAN MALNUTRISI PADA BALITA BERUSIA 0-59 BULAN." Kesmas Indonesia 13, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.ki.2021.13.1.2809.
Abstract:
Berdasarkan Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Sleman tahun 2018, sebaran prevalensi malnutrisi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kalasan semuanya melebihi renstra Kabupaten Sleman. Prevalensi balita gizi buruk tertinggi, prevalensi balita stunting berada pada urutan kedua tertinggi, dan prevalensi balita wasting pada urutan keempat tertinggi. Gizi buruk, kurus, dan stunting merupakan bentuk manifestasi dari adanya gangguan pada proses pertumbuhan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk meneliti heterogenitas ekonomi dan korelasinya dengan malnutrisi secara spasial serta memetakan wilayah-wilayah terkait malnutrisi. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan penentuan sample purposive clauster sampling, sebanyak 615 balita. Subyek dari penelitian adalah semua balita berusia 0-59 bulan di Desa Selomartani. Variabel bebas yaitu underweight, stunting dan wasting. Sedangkan variable terikat yaitu status ekonomi dengan kategori miskin dan tidak miskin. Analisis data menggunakan korelasi Spearman dilanjut dengan pemetaan menggunakan aplikasi ArcGIS. Prevalensi balita yang menderita underweight sebesar 13,7%, stunting sebesar 8,1% dan wasting sebesar 3,1%. Status ekonomi keluarga balita yang termasuk dalam keluarga miskin sebesar 7%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan status ekonomi dengan underweight (r=0,039), tidak ada hubungan status ekonomi dengan stunting (r=0,012) dan tidak ada hubungan status ekonomi dengan wasting (r=0,025). Malnutrisi ada di semua strata status ekonomi baik itu pada keluarga miskin maupun pada keluarga tidak miskin.
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Gračan, Romana, Tanja Polak, and Bojan Lazar. "Life history traits of the Blackspotted smooth-hound Mustelus punctulatus (Carcharhiniformes: Triakidae) in the Adriatic Sea." Natura Croatica 30, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 475–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20302/nc.2021.30.31.
Abstract:
We present demographic and reproductive parameters of commercially exploited shark, blackspotted smooth-hound (Mustelus punctulatus), based on samples from 117 males and 108 females from the Adriatic Sea. Calculated size and age at maturity were 83.1 cm in total length (TL) and 6.6 years for males and 100.0 cm TL and 12.5 years for females. The oldest observed male and female were 14 and 19 years old, respectively. The Gompertz growth model provided the best fit and predicted a theoretical maximum size (L∞) of 129.3 cm TL and a growth coefficient (k) of 0.15 year–1 for males, and L∞ = 141.1 cm TL and k = 0.13 year–1 for females. Obtained life history traits classify smooth-hound as slow-growing species, extremely sensitive to fishing, and highlight the need for the development of management strategy for this vulnerable species.
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Fairey, N. A. "Herbage productivity and nutritive value of nine grasses in the Peace River region of northwestern Canada." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 84, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p02-094.
Abstract:
Seasonal production profiles are fundamental to the effective utilisation of herbage crops. In the Peace River region of north-western Canada, the seasonal productivity and nutritive value of the primary growth of nine grasses was assessed under conditions of potentially non-limiting N fertiliser (150 kg N ha-1). Yield, digestibility and N concentration of dry matter (DM) were determined for herbage harvested at six dates during primary growth (late-May to mid-August at 2-wk intervals), and regressed on time in the growing season. Herbage DM yield increased exponentially throughout primary growth for each grass although the nature of the relationship differed among the grasses, both with respect to the maximum yield and the amount of early-season production; maximum yields ranged from 3.61 t ha-1 for reed canary to 6.31 t ha-1 for intermediate wheat. The early-season productivity of meadow foxtail and crested wheat was particularly evident, with DM yields in excess of 1 t ha-1 by 24 May compared to less than 0.32 t ha-1 for the other seven grasses. Reed canary and meadow foxtail had high N concentrations, meadow brome and three wheatgrasses had low N concentrations, and smooth brome, timothy and creeping red fescue had intermediate N concentrations. Herbage digestibility during the primary growth could be characterised by a single response curve for the nine grasses; digestibility decreased exponentially during the vegetative to head-emergence stage of growth at an average rate of 4.1 g kg-1 DM d-1, from 830 g kg-1 DM in late-May to 616 g kg-1 DM in mid-July. Herbage N concentration and digestibility were related linearly for each of the nine grasses. Key words: Grasses, herbage, yield, nutritive value, primary growth
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Hasler, Brant, Jessica Graves, Meredith Wallace, Stephanie Claudatos, Fiona Baker, and Duncan Clark. "610 Self-Reported Sleep and Circadian Characteristics Predict Future Substance Use: A Longitudinal Analysis from the NCANDA Study." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.608.
Abstract:
Abstract Introduction Growing evidence indicates that sleep characteristics predict later substance use and related problems during adolescence and young adulthood. However, most prior studies have assessed a limited range of sleep characteristics, studied only a narrow age span, and included relatively few follow-up assessments. Here, we used multiple years of data from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) study, which spans the adolescent period with an accelerated longitudinal design, to examine whether multiple sleep characteristics in any year predict substance use the following year. Methods The sample included 831 participants (423 females; age 12–21 years at baseline) from NCANDA. Sleep variables included the previous year’s circadian preference, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, timing of midsleep (weekday and weekend), and sleep duration (weekday and weekend). Each sleep variable’s association with the subsequent year’s substance use (cannabis use or alcohol binge severity) across years 1–5 was tested separately using generalized linear mixed models (zero-inflated Negative Binomial for cannabis; ordinal for binge severity) with age, sex, race, visit, parental education, previous year’s substance use (yes/no) as covariates and subject as a random effect. Results With regard to cannabis use, greater eveningness and shorter weekday sleep duration predicted an increased risk for additional days of cannabis use the following year, while greater eveningness and later weekend midsleep predicted a greater likelihood of any cannabis use the following year. With regard to alcohol binge severity, greater eveningness, greater daytime sleepiness, and shorter sleep duration (weekday and weekend) all predicted an increased risk for more severe alcohol bingeing the following year. Post-hoc stratified analyses indicated that some of these associations may differ between high school-age and college-age participants. Conclusion Our findings extend prior work, indicating that eveningness and later sleep timing, as well as shorter sleep duration, especially on weekdays, are risk factors for future cannabis use and alcohol misuse. These results underscore a need for greater attention to sleep characteristics as potential risk factors for substance use in adolescents and young adults and may inform future areas of intervention. Support (if any) Grants from NIH: R01AA025626 (Hasler) and U01AA021690 (Clark) and UO1 AA021696 (Baker & Colrain)
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Cosgriff, Thomas, Lin Yang, Anna Alyasova, Dingwei Ye, Andrey Karpenko, Hanzhong Li, Boris Alekseev, et al. "RECORD-4 multicenter phase II trial of second-line everolimus (EVE) in patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): Anti-VEGF cohort subanalysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 2_suppl (January 10, 2016): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.2_suppl.611.
Abstract:
611 Background: RECORD-4 assessed EVE in pts with mRCC who progressed after only 1 prior therapy and enrolled pts into 3 cohorts based on first-line sunitinib (cohort 1), other anti-VEGF agents (cohort 2) or cytokines (cohort 3) (J Clin Oncol2015;abstr 4518). Median PFS in cohort 2 was 7.8 mo (95% CI, 5.7-11). This RECORD-4 subanalysis assessed EVE outcomes after individual first-line anti-VEGF agents in cohort 2. Methods: Pts received EVE 10 mg/d until progression of disease (RECIST, v1.0) or intolerance. Primary end point was PFS per investigator review. Data cutoff was Sept 1, 2014. In this analysis, efficacy and safety were analyzed for pts in cohort 2 (n=62) who received sorafenib (Sor, n=23), bevacizumab (Bev, n=16), pazopanib (Paz, n=13), tivozanib (Tiv, n=5), or axitinib (Ax, n=3); missing information for 2 pts. Results: In groups Sor/Bev/Paz/Tiv/Ax, respectively, 96/81/100/80/33% of pts had good/intermediate MSKCC prognosis, 30/94/54/100/100% were white, 70/0/38/0/0% were Asian, and 83/75/77/100/67% were <65 years of age. Median duration of exposure in groups Sor/Bev/Paz/Tiv/Ax, respectively, was 5.5/6.7/6.2/8.1/11 mo. Median PFS (95% CI) was 5.7 (3.6-11.3) mo in group Sor, 9.2 (2.2-NE) mo in group Bev, and 9.2 (1.9-18.0) mo in group Paz. Overall rate of grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs), rates of discontinuation due to AEs, and rates of dose adjustments due to AEs are presented in the table. Conclusions: Results of this RECORD-4 subanalysis demonstrated a favorable benefit-risk profile of second-line EVE in pts whose disease progressed during or after first-line anti-VEGF therapies. Results should be interpreted with caution due to small patient numbers. Clinical trial information: NCT01491672. [Table: see text]
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Taylor, J. R., C. Lovera, P. J. Whaling, K. R. Buck, E. F. Pane, and J. P. Barry. "Physiological compensation for environmental acidification is limited in the deep-sea urchin <i>Strongylocentrotus fragilis</i>." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 5 (May 17, 2013): 8313–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-8313-2013.
Abstract:
Abstract. Anthropogenic CO2 is now reaching depths over 1000 m in the Eastern Pacific, overlapping the Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ). Deep-sea animals – particularly, calcifiers – are suspected to be especially sensitive to environmental acidification associated with global climate change. We have investigated the effects of hypercapnia and hypoxia on the deep-sea urchin Strongylocentrotus fragilis, during two long-term exposure experiments (1 month and 4 month) at three levels of reduced pH at in situ O2 levels of approx. 10% saturation, and also to control pH at 100% O2 saturation. During the first experiment, internal acid-base balance was investigated during a one-month exposure; results show S. fragilis has limited ability to compensate for the respiratory acidosis brought on by reduced pH, due in part to low non-bicarbonate extracellular fluid buffering capacity. During the second experiment, longer-term effects of hypercapnia and variable O2 on locomotion, feeding, growth, and gonadosomatic index (GSI) were investigated; results show significant mortality and correlation of all measured parameters with environmental acidification at pH 6.6. Transient adverse effects on locomotion and feeding were seen at pH 7.2, without compromise of growth or GSI. Based on the expected changes in ocean pH and oxygen, results suggest extinction of S. fragilis in the eastern North Pacific is unlikely. Rather, we expect a shoaling and contraction of its bathymetric range.
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Gilbert, Hélène. "Productivité végétale dans un marais intertidal d'eau douce, Québec (Québec)." Canadian Journal of Botany 68, no. 4 (April 1, 1990): 852–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b90-112.
Abstract:
Above- and below-ground annual productivity of vascular plants in the freshwater tidal marsh of the City of Québec (St. Lawrence River) was estimated to be 280 g dry weight/m2. This low productivity is explained in part by the very large surface of bare ground (23%), by the relative importance (39%) of the surface dominated by much less productive aquatic vegetation, and by the presence of embankments on the formerly most productive parts of the marsh. The most productive plant associations were those dominated by Scirpus americanus Pers. (606 g dry weight∙m−2∙a−1), Zizania aquatica L. var. brevis (702), Sagittaria rigida Pursh (598) and Sagittaria latifolia Willd. (834). Species productivities (in g dry weight∙m−2∙a−1) were 436 (Sc. americanus), 196 (Z. aquatica), 86 (Sa. rigida), and 685 (Sa. latifolia). An analysis of the biomass allocation (seasonal pattern) is presented for five species.
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Bogren, Wiley Steven, John Faulkner Burkhart, and Arve Kylling. "Tilt error in cryospheric surface radiation measurements at high latitudes: a model study." Cryosphere 10, no. 2 (March 15, 2016): 613–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-613-2016.
Abstract:
Abstract. We have evaluated the magnitude and makeup of error in cryospheric radiation observations due to small sensor misalignment in in situ measurements of solar irradiance. This error is examined through simulation of diffuse and direct irradiance arriving at a detector with a cosine-response fore optic. Emphasis is placed on assessing total error over the solar shortwave spectrum from 250 to 4500 nm, as well as supporting investigation over other relevant shortwave spectral ranges. The total measurement error introduced by sensor tilt is dominated by the direct component. For a typical high-latitude albedo measurement with a solar zenith angle of 60°, a sensor tilted by 1, 3, and 5° can, respectively introduce up to 2.7, 8.1, and 13.5 % error into the measured irradiance and similar errors in the derived albedo. Depending on the daily range of solar azimuth and zenith angles, significant measurement error can persist also in integrated daily irradiance and albedo. Simulations including a cloud layer demonstrate decreasing tilt error with increasing cloud optical depth.
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Butler, J. E., D. K. McKenzie, and S. C. Gandevia. "Discharge frequencies of single motor units in human diaphragm and parasternal muscles in lying and standing." Journal of Applied Physiology 90, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.1.147.
Abstract:
Single motor unit discharge was measured directly in diaphragm and parasternal intercostal muscles to determine whether neural drive to human inspiratory muscles changes between lying and standing. The final discharge frequency of diaphragmatic motor units increased slightly, by 1 Hz (12%; P < 0.01), when subjects were standing [182 units, median 9.1 Hz (interquartile range 7.6–11.3 Hz)] compared with lying supine [159 units, 8.1 Hz (6.6–10.3 Hz)]. However, this increase with standing occurred in only two of six subjects, in one of whom tidal volume increased significantly during standing. Parasternal intercostal motor unit final discharge frequencies did not differ between standing [116 units, 8.0 Hz (6.6–9.6 Hz)] and lying [124 units, 8.4 Hz (7.0–10.3 Hz)]. The discharge frequencies at the onset of inspiration did not differ between lying and standing for either muscle. A larger proportion of motor units in both inspiratory muscles had postinspiratory or tonic expiratory activity for lying compared with standing (15 vs. 4%; P < 0.05). We conclude that there is no major difference in the phasic inspiratory drive to the diaphragm with the change in posture.
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ОРЫНБАЕВА, Ж. А., З. Б. ТҰҢҒЫШБАЕВА, Н. Б. МОЛДАГУЛОВА, Д. К. КУЛЖАНОВА, and Н. В. РУДАКОВ. "OBTAINING PROMISING PROBIOTIC STRAINS BY THE ADHESION METHOD." МИКРОБИОЛОГИЯ ЖӘНЕ ВИРУСОЛОГИЯ, no. 3(42) (September 20, 2023): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.53729/mv-as.2023.03.14.
Abstract:
Зерттеудің мақсаты перспективті пробиотикалық штаммдарды үй жағдайында дайындалған: бие сүті, қымыз, шұбат, қатық, айран сүтқышқылды тағамдардан бөліп алу. Пробиотикалық микроорганизмдердің адгезивті қасиеті асқазан-ішек шырышты қабығының эпителий жасушаларын байланыстыратын рецепторлар үшін патогенді және шірік бактериялармен бәсекелесу қабілеттілігі тексерілді. Белсенді 16 сүтқышқылды бактериялардың ішінен жоғары және орташа көрсеткіштерге ие 12 штаммы іріктеліп алынды. Bruker MALDI-TOF BIOTYPER жүйесі арқылы идентификациялау барысында олар Lactobacillus туыстығына жататын 7 түрі анықталды: L. plantarum, L.rhamnosus, L. casei, L. paracasei, L. brevis, L. bulgaricus және L. acidophylus. Анықталған 7 штаммның адгезивті белсенділігі жоғары дәрежені көрсетті. Зерттеу нәтижесінде алынған белсенді штаммдардан пробиотикалық консорциум Lactobacillus paracasei S-612, Lactobacillus plantarum S-106, Lactobacillus plantarum S-414, Lactobacillus rhamnosus S-811, Lactobacillus acidophylus S-1, Lactobacillus brevis S-2, Lactobacillus fermentum d-4 жиынтығы құрылды. Пробиотикалық консорциум алкогольді сусынмен зақымдалған ішкі ағза қуыс мүшелерін түзету үшін пробиотикалық өнім жасау үшін таңдалып алынды. The aim of the study is to isolate promising probiotic strains from fermented dairy products of home-made: mare's milk, koumiss, shubat, katyk, kefir. The adhesive properties of probiotic microorganisms were tested for the ability of the gastrointestinal mucosa to compete with pathogenic and rotten bacteria for receptors binding epithelial cells. 12 strains with high and average indicators were selected from 16 active lactic acid bacteria. During identification using the BIOTYPER Bruker MALDI-TOF system, 7 species that belong to the Lactobacillus family were identified: L. plantarum, L.rhamnosus, L. casei, L. paracasei, L. brevis, L. bulgaricus and L. acidophylus. 7 identified strains showed a high degree of adhesive activity. The probiotic consortium Lactobacillus paracasei s-612, Lactobacillus plantarum S-106, Lactobacillus plantarum S-414, Lactobacillus rhamnosus S-811, Lactobacillus acidophylus S-1, Lactobacillus brevis S-2, Lactobacillus fermentum d-4 was created from the active strains obtained as a result of the study. The probiotic Consortium was selected for creation of a probiotic product for the correction of hollow organs of the internal body damaged by an alcoholic beverage.
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ORYNBAYEVA, Zh A., Z. B. TUNGUSHBAEVA, N. B. MOLDAGULOVA, E. NAGYZBEKKYZY, and N. V. RUDAKOV. "СҮТҚЫШҚЫЛДЫ БАКТЕРИЯЛАРДЫҢ ӘРТҮРЛІ АНТИБИОТИКТЕР МЕН МИКРООРГАНИЗМДЕРГЕ САЛЫСТЫРМАЛЫ БЕЛСЕНДІЛІКТЕРІ." МИКРОБИОЛОГИЯ ЖӘНЕ ВИРУСОЛОГИЯ, no. 4(43) (December 19, 2023): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53729/mv-as.2023.04.13.
Abstract:
The main purpose of the study is to identify active strains by screening lactic acid bacteria that have a positive effect on internal hollow organs damaged by alcoholic beverages. The probiotic product contains active isolates. They are active individually or as part of a consortium. The object of scientific research was mare's milk, koumiss, shubat, yogurt, kefir. During the research, 16 pure cultures of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from lactic acid products. Their antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial activity have been studied. The study revealed 8 isolates with high probiotic activity. Active isolates were identified using the MALDI-TOF Biotyper Bruker mass spectrometer and it was found that they belong to the following Lactobacillus: L. casei, L. paracasei, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, L. acidophylus, L. brevis, L. fermentum. Active strains (Lactobacillus casei d-3, Lactobacillus paracasei S-612, Lactobacillus plantarum S-106, Lactobacillus plantarum S-414, Lactobacillus rhamnosusS-811, Lactobacillus acidophylus S-1, Lactobacillus brevis S-2, Lactobacillus fermentum d-4) were selected to create the necessary consortium for probiotic a product used to repair internal hollow organs damaged by alcoholic beverages. Зерттеудің негізгі мақсаты – алкогольдік сусындармен зақымдалған ішкі ағза қуыс мүшелеріне оң әсер ететін сүтқышқылды бактерияларға скрининг жүргізу арқылы белсенді штаммдарды анықтау. Пробиотикалық өнімнің құрамдас бөлігі - белсенді изоляттар. Олар жеке дара немесе консорциум құрамында белсенділік танытады. Жүргізілген ғылыми зерттеу жұмыстың нысаны ретінде бие сүті, қымыз, шұбат, қатық, айран өнімдері алынды. Зерттеу барысында сүтқышқылды өнімдерден 16 сүтқышқылды бактериялардың таза культуралары бөлініп алынды. Олардың антибиотикке төзімділіктері мен антимикробтық белсенділіктері зерттелді. Зерттеу нәтижесінде жоғары пробиотикалық белсенділікке ие 8 изолят анықталды. Белсенді изоляттар MALDI-TOF Biotyper Bruker масс-спектрометр көмегімен идентификацияланып, олардың Lactobacillus туыстығына жататын келесі түрлері екендігі белгілі болды: L.casei, L. paracasei, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, L. acidophylus, L. brevis, L. fermentum. Белсенді штаммдар (Lactobacillus caseid-3, Lactobacillus paracasei S-612, Lactobacillus plantarum S-106, Lactobacillus plantarum S-414, Lactobacillus rhamnosus S-811, Lactobacillus acidophylus S-1, Lactobacillus brevis S-2, Lactobacillus fermentum d-4) алкогольді сусынмен зақымдалған ішкі ағза қуыс мүшелерін қалпына келтіру үшін қолданатын пробиотикалық өнімге қажетті консорциум құру мақсатында таңдалып алынды.
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Gómez, J., A. Pérez, Y. Serrano, M. I. Aguilar, and R. Gómez. "Phytophthora Crown and Root Rot of Zucchini Squash in Almería, Spain." Plant Disease 97, no. 9 (September 2013): 1249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-13-0081-pdn.
Abstract:
Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) is intensively cropped in approximately 4,500 ha of plastic houses in southern Spain. In 2008 to 2009, Consul, Cronos, and Tosca zucchini plants showed symptoms of leaf wilting, basal stem necrosis, and plant death. Incidences of dead plants were 20 to 30% and these plants were distributed in clusters. Phytophthora capsici Leonian was isolated from the basal stems of symptomatic plants, using PDA and cornmeal agar amended with a pimaricin, ampicillin, and rifampicin. Five resultant isolates (PCl-211, PCl-221, PCl-611, PCl-612, and PCl-811) on lima beans agar (LBA) produced white mycelia with lemon-shaped and papillate sporangia borne on long pedicels, but no oospores or chlamydospores. These isolates had an identical ribosomal DNA ITS sequence, matching with that of P. capsici in GenBank. The sequences of two representative isolates, PCl-211 and PCl-811, were deposited in GenBank with accession nos. KC662328 and KC688317, respectively. The pathogenicity of these five isolates was tested on zucchini cv. Consul in 1-liter containers filled with vermiculite in May and September of 2009. Plants were inoculated at the 2 to 3 true-leaf stage. Plates with LBA fully covered with colony of each isolate were separately blended and homogenized with 300 ml of sterile distilled water. Inocula were poured around stem at 50 ml per plant. Each experiment had three replicates and four plants per replicate. Treatments with different isolates were arranged in a randomized complete block design. In both experiments, 12 uninoculated plants served as controls. Test plants were maintained for a month following inoculation in a greenhouse with mean temperatures ranging from 21.9 to 27.9°C and from 20.7 to 24.6°C for the May and September experiments, respectively. The first wilting occurred 5 days after inoculation. At the end of the May experiment, all control plants and those inoculated with PCl-221 remained asymptomatic while 83.3% of those inoculated with PCl-211 and 100% of those with the other isolates were dead. Inoculated plants exhibited crown and root rots, excluding the secondary roots. In the September experiment, 83.3% and 33.3% of plants inoculated with PCl-211 and PCl-221, respectively, were symptomatic, while all plants inoculated with the other isolates were dead. The control plants remained healthy. The pathogen was consistently recovered from symptomatic plants in both experiments. Although P. capsici was reported in peppers (Capsicum annuum) in several provinces of Spain (1), to our knowledge, this is the first report of P. capsici as the causal agent of crown rot in zucchini plants in plastic houses in the Almería Province of Spain, one of the world's largest concentrations of greenhouses. Reference: (1) J. L. Andrés et al. Span J Agric Res 3:326, 2005.
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Porter, John B., Alan R. Cohen, John M. Ford, and Maria Domenica Cappellini. "Impact of Dose Adjustments on Serum Ferritin (SF) Levels during Long-Term Treatment with Once-Daily, Oral Deferasirox (Exjade®, ICL670)." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 2778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2778.2778.
Abstract:
Abstract Background: In deferasirox 1-yr core trials, doses were initially assigned according to baseline liver iron concentration. However, these trials demonstrated that transfusional iron intake has a profound impact on the outcome of chelation therapy and should therefore be considered when assigning deferasirox dose. A large number of patients (pts) were initially assigned 5 and 10 mg/kg/d doses, which were insufficient to balance iron intake from ongoing transfusions. Generally, deferasirox 20/30 mg/kg/d effectively maintained/reduced body iron. This analysis from the 4-yr extension trials evaluates the impact on serum ferritin (SF) of subsequent dose increases in pts who initially received 5/10 mg/kg/d, and the long-term effects of 20 and 30 mg/kg/d doses. Methods: Data for this analysis were pooled from 4 extension trials (106–109E). In the extensions, deferasirox doses were modified based on efficacy and safety markers, including iron burden and transfusional iron intake. SF was measured monthly. Results: In total, 227 pts initially received deferasirox 5 or 10 mg/kg/d, while 182 and 243 received 20 and 30 mg/kg/d, respectively. Underlying diseases included β-thalassemia (n=421), sickle cell disease (n=132), MDS (n=47) and other anemias (n=52). To date, pts have been receiving treatment for a median 3.4 (range: 0–4.5) yrs. Overall, median SF was maintained in the 20 mg/kg/d cohort (Table). In the 30 mg/kg/d cohort, SF levels decreased overall from baseline to month 42 (3734 ng/mL to 2025 ng/mL). However, levels plateaued at around 24 mos in this cohort, reflecting a decrease in mean dose to around 25 mg/kg/d. Median baseline SF in the 5/10 mg/kg/d dose group was 2051 ng/mL, which steadily increased during the first 18 mos of treatment. Subsequent dose increases during the extension phase generally resulted in decreased SF levels, which returned to baseline and below during the remainder of the study. Conclusions: In regularly transfused pts who initially received deferasirox 5/10 mg/kg/d in the core 1-yr clinical trials, SF steadily decreased below baseline once doses were increased to an appropriate level in the extensions. This highlights the importance of ensuring that pts receive the correct deferasirox dose to achieve the goal of therapy, based on iron burden and transfusional iron intake. If a pt is not achieving their therapeutic goal based on SF trends, deferasirox dose should be increased in steps of 5 or 10 mg/kg/d. This analysis confirms that deferasirox 30 mg/kg/d effectively reduces body iron, whereas doses of 20–25 mg/kg/d are generally effective in maintaining iron levels. Median change from baseline in SF (ng/mL) during deferasirox treatment of up to 3.4 years Initial dose, mg/kg/d 5/10 (n=227*) 20 (n=182*) 30 (n=243*) Month Mean dose ± SD† Change in SF (ng/mL) Mean dose ± SD† Change in SF (ng/mL) Mean dose ± SD† Change in SF (ng/mL) *Baseline; †At time point Baseline 2051 2375 3734 1 9.4 ± 1.7 90 19.5 ± 2.6 30 29.2 ± 4.3 −212 6 10.3 ± 3.9 399 18.9 ± 3.5 −15 28.2 ± 5.7 −532 12 13.0 ± 5.4 613 19.0 ± 4.0 −118 26.8 ± 6.6 −716 18 18.5 ± 6.7 831 18.2 ± 7.7 174 23.1 ± 8.6 −676 24 21.7 ± 6.6 635 21.5 ± 6.5 −125 24.5 ± 7.6 −901 30 22.6 ± 7.0 317 22.0 ± 8.5 −205 24.4 ± 8.0 −959 36 21.1 ± 8.7 −211 22.8 ± 7.7 −159 24.3 ± 8.5 −1002 42 21.8 ± 9.3 −65 23.2 ± 8.2 −204 25.8 ± 9.8 −955 EOS 1345 1667 2025
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Cui, Sen, Chunxiang Cui, and Xin Wang. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dual Scaled NbC/Ti2AlC Reinforced Titanium–Aluminum Composite." Materials 16, no. 13 (June 28, 2023): 4661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16134661.
Abstract:
A TiAl composite containing hybrid particles and whisker reinforcements is fabricated by vacuum melting. The results of this study show that the comprehensive mechanical properties and refining effect of the material are best when the content of reinforcement is 1 wt.%, and then the mechanical properties begin to deteriorate as the content increases further. Finely dispersed NbC particles and uniformly dispersed Ti2AlC whiskers are the ideal second phases. The synergistic strengthening effect of NbC particles and in situ Ti2AlC whiskers are key to the improvement of mechanical properties. Compared with the TiAlNb matrix, the fracture stress/strain of the composite at 1073 K is improved from 612 MPa/19.4% to 836 MPa/26.6%; the fracture toughness at room temperature is improved from 18.8 MPa/m2 to 27.4 MPa/m2.