Relevant bibliographies by topics / (59th : 1981 : United States)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic '(59th : 1981 : United States)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 July 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "(59th : 1981 : United States)"

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Neill, M. A., A. W. Hightower, and C. V. Broome. "Leprosy in the United States, 1971-1981." Journal of Infectious Diseases 152, no. 5 (November 1, 1985): 1064–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/152.5.1064.

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FOX, KIMBERLEY K., WILLIAM L. WHITTINGTON, WILLIAM C. LEVINE, JOHN S. MORAN, AKBAR A. ZAIDI, and ALLYN K. NAKASHIMA. "Gonorrhea in the United States, 1981-1996." Sexually Transmitted Diseases 25, no. 7 (August 1998): 386–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007435-199808000-00011.

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Polesky, HF. "Blood banking in the United States-1981." Transfusion 25, no. 4 (July 1985): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1537-2995.1985.25485273805.x.

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Colmer, Jonathan, Ian Hardman, Jay Shimshack, and John Voorheis. "Disparities in PM2.5 air pollution in the United States." Science 369, no. 6503 (July 30, 2020): 575–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz9353.

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Air pollution at any given time is unequally distributed across locations. Average concentrations of fine particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter (PM2.5) have fallen over time. However, we do not know how the spatial distribution of PM2.5 has evolved. Here, we provide early evidence. We combine 36 years of PM2.5 concentrations measured over ~8.6 million grid cells with geographic, economic, and demographic data from ~65,000 U.S. census tracts. We show that differences in PM2.5 between more and less polluted areas declined substantially between 1981 and 2016. However, the most polluted census tracts in 1981 remained the most polluted in 2016. The least polluted census tracts in 1981 remained the least polluted in 2016. The most exposed subpopulations in 1981 remained the most exposed in 2016. Overall, absolute disparities have fallen, but relative disparities persist.
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Kokkelenberg, Edward C., and Donna R. Sockell. "Union Membership in the United States, 1973-1981." Industrial and Labor Relations Review 38, no. 4 (July 1985): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2523989.

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Kokkelenberg, Edward C., and Donna R. Sockell. "Union Membership in the United States, 1973–1981." ILR Review 38, no. 4 (July 1985): 497–543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979398503800401.

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Melendez, Edwin. "Puerto Rican Migration and Occupational Selectivity, 1982–1981." International Migration Review 28, no. 1 (March 1994): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800103.

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This study examines whether or not the likelihood of Puerto Rican workers choosing to migrate to the United States depends on their occupations or skills. The study determined that the occupational composition among thosemigrating from the island to the United States generally corresponds to the occupational distribution in Puerto Rico. The exception is that, after controlling for labor market conditions in Puerto Rico and in the United States and for other characteristics of the migrants, farm workers, laborers, and craft and kindred workers are overrepresented in the flow of migrants. The two most important factors contributing to the occupational distribution of migrants are whether or not they already have job offers in the United States and whether they are currently employed in Puerto Rico. Among those returning to Puerto Rico, the study found no positive or negative occupational selectivity.
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Esber, Fadi. "The United States and the 1981 Lebanese Missile Crisis." Middle East Journal 70, no. 3 (July 15, 2016): 439–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3751/70.3.15.

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Rothberg, Joseph M., and Charles P. McDowell. "Suicide in United States Air Force Personnel, 1981–1985." Military Medicine 153, no. 12 (December 1, 1988): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/153.12.645.

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Nakashima, Allyn K., and Patricia L. Fleming. "HIV/AIDS Surveillance in the United States, 1981–2001." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 32 (February 2003): S68—S85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00126334-200302011-00011.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "(59th : 1981 : United States)"

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Holm, Michael 1975. "Brothers in arms : Congress, the Reagan administration and Contra aid, 1981-1986." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101882.

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From 1981 to 1986, the Reagan administration viewed Nicaragua's Marxist regime as a threat to regional and U.S. national security. The administration's support of the Contra rebels, who were actively fighting to overthrow Nicaragua's government, embroiled the U.S. in a "limited" regional war. While conventional scholarship has characterized this conflict as "Reagan's War", Congress played a significant role in keeping the Contra army active and intact. Caught between Reagan's strident anti-Communist ideology and the fear of a Marxist state in Central America, Congress attempted to establish a middle-of-the-road policy, first cautiously funding the Contras through covert operations and non-lethal aid, finally approving full military support in 1986. Despite opportunities to end U.S. involvement, Congress failed to curb both military escalation and Reagan's ideological ambitions. Ultimately, responsibility for U.S. involvement in the Contra war does not lie solely with the White House; this burden must also be shared by Congress.
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Limaye, Satu Prakash. "United States-Indian relations, 1981-1989 : the pursuit and limits of accommodation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315903.

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Riser, Jerome L. "A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Redistribution of Regional Economic Growth." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500829/.

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Utilizing shift/share and economic base analysis, data covering employment, income, and population are analyzed for each of the nine regions of the United States as defined by the Census Bureau. The study covers 1970 through 1984 because widespread redistribution of employment and a shift toward more service-oriented, white collar jobs occurred during this period. This study presents currents trends and recommends ways in which people may better prepare for the future.
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Apinyavesporn, Suteera. "President Carter, US foreign policy and the Iranian Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981 /." [St.Lucia, Qld.], 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17058.pdf.

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Rafferty, S. J. "Legislative reform of the telecommunications industry : United States and Great Britain 1981-1985." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371721.

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Bechtolsheimer, Götz. "Breakfast with Mobutu : Congo, the United States and the Cold War, 1964-1981." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/403/.

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On the 25th November 1965 Colonel Joseph Désiré Mobutu staged a bloodless coup to take charge of the political turmoil in recently independent Congo and establish one of the most brutal and corrupt dictatorships in modern African history. This thesis explores the story of the American hand both in Mobutu’s fortuitous rise and its subsequent sustenance of his regime in the name of its geostrategic Cold War agenda. Spanning the administrations of four presidents from Lyndon Johnson to Jimmy Carter, this study considers the effects of the American Mobutu alliance on Congo and how its relationship with the Congolese leader in turn shaped the American approach towards the wider region and, ultimately, defined its Cold War in Africa. The thesis begins with the CIA-organised mercenary suppression of the Simba rebellion from 1964 to 1965, before offering a detailed analysis of the American role in bringing Mobutu to the helm of Congolese politics and ensuring the survival of his initially tenuous grasp on power. Having consolidated his grip on Congo, subsequent chapters investigate the American role in the establishment of the Mobutist ‘State Kleptocracy’, the part played by the Kinshasa despot in defining the American stand in the Angolan Civil War and, despite the by now obvious shortcomings of its Congo alliance, the Carter administration’s continued support for Mobutu when his regime was threatened by violent dissent once more. As such, this thesis aims to give a more comprehensive and detailed picture of the American Cold War alliance with Congo’s profligate dictator from 1964 to 1981.
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Riddington, William. "The right, rights and the culture wars in the United States, 1981-1989." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/278057.

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This thesis explores how the American right fought the culture wars of the 1980s in the context of the rights revolution and the regulatory state. It does so by examining divisions over anti-abortion measures in Congress, controversies surrounding allegations of discriminatory withholding of medical care from disabled newborns, debates over the extent to which Title IX and other federal anti-discrimination regulations bound Christian colleges that rejected direct federal funding, and the interplay between rights and education during the AIDS crisis. In doing so, it contributes to the still-growing historiography on both American conservatism and the culture wars. Firstly, it adds shades of nuance to the literature on the American right, which has, until recently, posited the election of Ronald Reagan as the beginning of an era of untrammelled conservative ascendancy. However, these case studies reveal that despite Reagan’s resounding electoral success and the refiguring of the Republican party along conservative lines, the 1980s right was forced to fight many of its battles on terrain that remained structured by the liberal legacy. This finding also contributes to recent trends in the historiography of the culture wars, which have added a great depth of historical understanding to America’s interminable conflicts over abortion, evolution, equal marriage and other social issues. By examining how the right conceived of and reacted to the enduring influence of the rights revolution and the regulatory state in the culture wars of the 1980s, the centrality of the right to privacy becomes clear. Acknowledging the importance of this right leads to the conclusion that the fundamental restructuring of relations between the federal government and the states that had taken place during the 1960s gave rise to the culture wars of the 1980s.
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Thomas, Michael Tracy. "Beliefs and advocacy : influences and constraints on United States policy towards Israel, 1981-1993." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413818.

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Morrison, Douglas B. "Resource Allocation Patterns at U.S. Community Colleges: An Evaluation of Priorities, Efficiency and the Historical Mission 1981-82 Through 1986-87." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1138.

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Over a six-year period, this study compares the demonstrated priorities and efficiency of 328 U.S. community colleges to the historical mission of community colleges which includes the goals of unrestricted student access, service to many students, and the delivery of comprehensive, high-quality, low-cost educational programs. Sample data was provided by NACUBO for 328 institutions (out of a U.S. population of 770) reporting in both 1981-82 and 1986-87. The study compares the 1986-87 resource allocation patterns for each institution to the 1981-82 patterns for that same institution. Measurements include the level, mix, and rate of change in F.T.E. student enrollments, square footage, market penetration, the number of full-time faculty, F.T.E. faculty, support staff, and expenditures for Direct Instruction, Instructional Support, Student Services, Institutional Support, and Plant Operations. 2 Summary data is presented for the sample as a whole and separately by state for institutions with enrollment growth and for institutions wi th enrollment decline. Over the six-year period, sample institutions received $1.4 billion in incremental revenues. Classroom teaching received 43.1 cents of every incremental dollar, ranked fourth out of five expenditure categories in rate of expenditure growth and fell from 50.5% of total expenditures to 48.4%. Square footage and F.T.E. support staff increased 9.3% and 13.2% respectively while F.T.E. student enrollments and the number of full-time faculty declined 2.9% and 2.4% respectively. By 1986-87 fewer F.T.E. students and a smaller percentage of service area populations were served by fewer full-time teachers, at higher cost by substantially more square footage and support staff. The study concludes that these patterns are inefficient and inconsistent with the historical mission of community colleges.
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Trezevant, Robert Heath. "The effect of tax law changes on corporate investment and financing behavior: Empirical evidence from changes brought about by the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184897.

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This dissertation examines the relationship between debt and investment-related tax shields using changes in these classes of tax shields scaled by expected operating earnings following the passage of the Economic Recovery Tax Act(ERTA) in 1981. The substitution effect predicts that a negative relationship between changes in the two classes of tax shields will be observed in response to the increased investment-related tax shields offered by ERTA. Debt tax shields should decrease following ERTA since the probability of losing the tax benefit of tax shields would rise as investment-related tax shields increased following ERTA. Firms' probability of losing the deductibility of tax shields is used to segregate the sample into two groups. For the group of firms with a low probability of losing the deductibility of tax shields, the substitution effect is inapplicable and the relation between changes in the two classes of tax shields simply represents the debt securability effect. Since fixed assets can be used as collateral for debt, the debt securability hypothesis predicts a positive relationship between changes in debt and investment-related tax shields after the passage of ERTA. The model developed to segregate debt securability from the substitution effect reveals that, as predicted, the debt securability effect is positive for all firms and that the substitution effect is negative for those firms with a large probability of losing the benefits of tax shields. This reverses the findings of prior research. Controls for pecking order theory effects are introduced into the model to assure that the substitution effect observed is not due to debt ratio as predicted by Myers (1984). The findings described above remain intact except that the debt securability effect does not exist and the substitution effect is weaker for high-debt firms. Furthermore, support is offered for the pecking order theory. These results are robust to alternate specifications of time periods tested, variable definitions, data screening criteria and model specifications.
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Books on the topic "(59th : 1981 : United States)"

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Hiroaki, Ike, ed. Vēru: CIA no gokuhi sakusen 1981-1987 = Veil : the secret wars of the CIA, 1981-1987. Tōkyō: Bungei Shunjū, 1988.

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Nicholas, Ted G. U.S. DOD R.D.T. & E. costs, 1981-1993. Fountain Valley, CA: Data Search Associates, 1993.

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Pollack, Susan L. Farm labor contracting in the United States, 1981. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1985.

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Pollack, Susan L. Farm labor contracting in the United States, 1981. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1985.

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Pollack, Susan L. Farm labor contracting in the United States, 1981. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, 1985.

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Farber, Henry S. Job loss in the United States, 1981-2001. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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Bach, Stanley. Special rules proposing to limit floor amendments, 1981-1987. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1988.

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Justice, United States Dept of. Challenge, change, and achievement: The Department of Justice, 1981-1985 : a report to employees. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Justice, 1985.

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Kopolow, Carol. Beekeeping in the United States: January 1981 - March 1993. Beltsville, Md: National Agricultural Library, 1993.

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Kopolow, Carol. Beekeeping in the United States: January 1981 - March 1993. Beltsville, Md: National Agricultural Library, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "(59th : 1981 : United States)"

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Behrman, Simon. "Sanctuary Movement, United States, 1981–1992." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Imperialism and Anti-Imperialism, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91206-6_328-1.

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Behrman, Simon. "Sanctuary Movement, United States, 1981–1992." In The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Imperialism and Anti-Imperialism, 2371–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29901-9_328.

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Brady, Christopher. "The First Reagan Administration, 1981–85." In United States Foreign Policy towards Cambodia, 1977–92, 50–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14845-5_4.

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Andrews, D. F., and A. M. Herzberg. "United States of America Unemployment Data, 1948–1981." In Springer Series in Statistics, 391–96. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5098-2_66.

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Bronstone, Adam. "Allies, Enemies and Embargoes: The Polish Crisis of 1981–82." In European Union—United States Security Relations, 120–72. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230389847_5.

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Mirel, Jeffrey. "After the Fall: Continuity and Change in Detroit, 1981–1995." In Urban Education in the United States, 283–308. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403981875_14.

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Kuang, Jincheng. "Analysis of GDP of the United States (1981-2021)." In Proceedings of the 2023 5th International Conference on Economic Management and Cultural Industry (ICEMCI 2023), 869–76. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-368-9_101.

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Heineman, Kenneth J. "The Reagan Revolution and Its Discontents, 1981–1992." In The Rise of Contemporary Conservatism in the United States, 97–117. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Seminar studies: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429456442-6.

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Valdiserri, Ronald. "Preventing HIV/AIDS in the United States, 1981–2009: History in the Making." In The New Public Health and STD/HIV Prevention, 309–37. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4526-5_16.

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Arnold, Richard W. "Impact of Soil Taxonomy on the National Cooperative Soil Survey of the United States (1965-1981)." In SSSA Special Publications, 61–68. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaspecpub14.c6.

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Conference papers on the topic "(59th : 1981 : United States)"

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Hayes, David, and Richard Malenfant. "The First ICNC February 10-12, 1981 [Slides]." In 2022 ANS Annual Meeting, Nuclear Criticality Safety Division Topical Meeting (NCSD 2022), Anaheim, CA (United States), 12-16 Jun 2022. US DOE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1875780.

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Smith, Lynne K., and Mary L. Bisesi. "The Role of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in the Cleanup of the U.S. Nuclear Weapons Complex." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4791.

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As a result of nuclear weapons production, the United States of America produced significant quantities of transuranic waste, which consists of clothing, tools, rags, residues, debris and other items contaminated with small amounts of radioactive man-made elements — mostly plutonium — with an atomic number greater than that of uranium. Transuranic waste began accumulating in the 1940s and continued through the Cold War era. Today, most transuranic waste is stored at weapons production sites across the United States. In 1957, the National Academy of Sciences concluded that the most promising disposal option for radioactive wastes was disposal in deep geologic repositories situated in the salt formations. After nearly a decade of study, the United States Department of Energy decided in January 1981 to proceed with construction of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) at a site 41.6 km (26 miles) southest of Carlsbad, New Mexico. After years of study, construction, and permitting, the WIPP facility became operational in early 1999. As the United States continues to clean up and close its former nuclear weapon facilities, the operation of WIPP will continue into the next several decades. This paper will provide on overview of the history, regulatory, and public process to permit a radioactive repository for disposal of transuranic wastes and the process to ensure its long-term operation in a safe and environmentally compliant manner.
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Smith, Lynne K., and Kathleen K. Clodfelter. "Cleaning Up the Legacy: Opening and Operating the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1145.

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Abstract In 1957, the National Academy of Sciences concluded that the most promising disposal option for radioactive wastes was burial in deep geologic repositories situated in salt formations. In 1981, after decades of study, the United States initiated construction of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) at a desert site 41.6 km (26 miles) southeast of Carlsbad, New Mexico. This paper provides an overview of the history and the regulatory and public process to permit a repository for disposal of transuranic wastes. In addition, the process to ensure its long-term operation in a safe and environmentally sound manner will also be discussed.
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Komhyr, Walter D., and Richard D. McPeters. "Dobson Spectrophotometer 83: A Standard for Ground-based and Satellite Total Ozone Measurements." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1990.wa1.

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Dobson spectrophotometer No. 83 was established in 1962 as a standard for total ozone measurements in the United States. In 1980, the instrument was designated by the World Meteorological Organization as the Primary Standard Dobson spectrophotometer for the world. Since the early 1970’s, instrument No. 83 has been used extensively to calibrate instruments of the global Dobson total ozone station network. Calibrations of the instrument (on the Vigroux (1953) ozone absorption coefficient scale for AD wavelengths) were performed by the Langley slope method (Dobson and Normand, 1962) at Sterling, Virginia, in 1962, and at Mauna Loa, Hawaii in 1972, 1976, 1978,1979, 1980, 1981, 1984, and 1986-1989. Additionally, calibration checks on the instrument have been performed routinely since 1962 with a set of standard lamps Results of the calibrations through 1987 have been described elsewhere in detail (Komhyr et al., 1989).
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Frémontier-Murphy, Camille. "At the Sources of an Artistic Mutation towards Science: the First Years of the Journal Leonardo (1968-1981) as a Forum for the Pioneers of Digital Art." In 28th International Symposium on Electronic Art. Paris: Ecole des arts decoratifs - PSL, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69564/isea2023-8-short-fremontier-murphy-artistic-mutation-towards-science.

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SHORT PAPER. The journal Leonardo was founded in 1968 by Frank Malina, a pioneer of light art in Paris and of aerospace science in the United States. Leonardo encouraged artists to publish their work in the manner of scientists. It was a new initiative developed in the revolutionary context of the 1960s and that allowed artists, scientists, psychologists to exchange on the subjects of art, perceptions, science, society... Many pioneers of digital art took part in the adventure, including Vera Molnar, Zdenek Sykora, Charles Csuri, and the artist-novelist Herbert Franke, who became the advocate of the theories and the protagonists of digital art spread out over the four corners of the planet, just about everywhere a computer could be found. The growing group was defending a more conceptual approach to art, closer to the spectator, a new form of art rooted in Constructivism and that was in symbiosis with society’s mutation towards technology.
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Porcher, C. E. "The F-16 Common Engine Bay." In ASME 1985 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/85-gt-231.

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In 1979 the United States Air Force elected under the Engine Model Derivative Program (EMDP) to explore derivative engine concepts by the General Electric Company and the Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Division of United Technology Corporation with the objective of improving engine durability and reducing engine ownership cost for future procurements of their first line fighter engines. Concurrently, General Dynamics was invited to develop the necessary airframe/engine interface definition to assure engine compatibility with the airplane requirements. This EMDP development culminated in 1981 with the Alternate Fighter Engine (AFE) competition with General Electric proposing the F110-GE-100 engine and Pratt and Whitney Aircraft proposing the F100-PW-220. Both engines were placed in Full Scale Development and both met the USAF objectives of 4000 TAC cycle life and improved engine cost and warranty for application to the F-15 and F-16 fighters. General Dynamics evolved the concept of the Common Engine Bay which has all aircraft interfaces compatible with either AFE engine and the current Pratt and Whitney Aircraft F100-PW-200 engine. The original F-16 nacelle design, with minor modification of the interfaces and engine mount structure, was adapted to permit full interchangeability for the F100-PW-200, F100-PW-220, or the F110-GE-100 engines. Design requirements were set to permit a common airplane with no break in the production line or aircraft model change and with appropriate simple kits to permit interchangeability of any of the three engines in the field at the organizational level. This manufacturing capability allows the USAF the flexibility to conduct subsequent competitive procurement of the engine.
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Jensen, Trond B., Adam M. Lewis, Laird D. Little, Thomas G. Neely, Mark H. Scheihing, Mark D. Stevenson, Dominique Van Nostrand, and Joe R. Versteeg. "Kuparuk Field Reservoir Management After 40 Years." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212949-ms.

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Abstract The giant Kuparuk Field (Figure 1), the second largest oil field on the Alaska North Slope and one of the largest oil fields in the United States, has been on production for 41 years. The field, a legacy asset in the ConocoPhillips portfolio, contains more than 7.5 Bstb OOIP with 2.5 Bstb in the C Sands and 5.0 Bstb in the A Sands. Production commenced in December 1981 and has cumulated to date more than 2.5 Bstb oil through water-flooding, immiscible water-alternating gas (IWAG) and miscible water-alternating-gas (MWAG) injection. Currently, the field produces about 60,000 stb/d oil, 515,000 bbl/d water and 105 MMscf/d gas, and injects 625,000 bbl/d water and 80 MMscf/d gas through 3 central processing facilities (CPF1, CPF2, and CPF3, located as shown in Figure 1), 45 drillsites, and about 700 active wells. Although the Kuparuk Field is mature, recent studies highlight the potential to optimize the oil recovery. Static and dynamic data along with benchmark studies indicate that the underlying Kuparuk A Sands are of lower maturity than the overlying Kuparuk C Sands. Significant A Sands recovery improvement is possible with strategic reservoir management practices. Several activities were undertaken to understand relative immaturities across the field and investigate methods to improve the performance of Kuparuk A Sands. These include: identifying geologically controlled reservoir performance regions, developing a state-of-the-art full field reservoir model, testing pattern realignment that combines infill drilling with reconfiguration of existing wellbores, and conducting injectivity treatments in various parts of the field. The analysis of available data shows the benefits of increasing the throughput in the Kuparuk A Sands through voidage balancing, improved produced water and gas handling strategies, waterflood pattern realignment, continued in-fill drilling, and increased injectivity. Kuparuk reservoir management has been revised to focus future activities around these core strategies tailored to specific reservoir regions. The intent of this paper is to document strategies that can be implemented to revitalize mature waterflood fields, specifically those that have been developed with commingled reservoirs.
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Hartwell, William T., and David S. Shafer. "The Community Environmental Monitoring Program: A Model for Stakeholder Involvement in Environmental Monitoring." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7180.

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Since 1981, the Community Environmental Monitoring Program (CEMP) has involved stakeholders directly in its daily operation and data collection, as well as in dissemination of information on radiological surveillance in communities surrounding the Nevada Test Site (NTS), the primary location where the United States (US) conducted nuclear testing until 1992. The CEMP is funded by the US Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration, and is administered by the Desert Research Institute (DRI) of the Nevada System of Higher Education. The CEMP provides training workshops for stakeholders involved in the program, and educational outreach to address public concerns about health risk and environmental impacts from past and ongoing NTS activities. The network includes 29 monitoring stations located across an approximately 160,000 km2 area of Nevada, Utah and California in the southwestern US. The principal radiological instruments are pressurized ion chambers for measuring gamma radiation, and particulate air samplers, primarily for alpha/beta detection. Stations also employ a full suite of meteorological instruments, allowing for improved interpretation of the effects of meteorological events on background radiation levels. Station sensors are wired to state-of-the-art dataloggers that are capable of several weeks of on-site data storage, and that work in tandem with a communications system that integrates DSL and wireless internet, land line and cellular phone, and satellite technologies for data transfer. Data are managed through a platform maintained by the Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC) that DRI operates for the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The WRCC platform allows for near real-time upload and display of current monitoring information in tabular and graphical formats on a public web site. Archival data for each station are also available on-line, providing the ability to perform trending analyses or calculate site-specific exposure rates. This configuration also allows for remote programming and troubleshooting of sensors. Involvement of stakeholders in the monitoring process provides a number of benefits, including increased public confidence in monitoring results, as well as decreasing costs by more than 50 percent from when the program was managed entirely by U.S. federal employees. Additionally, the CEMP provides an ideal platform for testing new environmental sensors.
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Blankenhorn, James A. "West Valley Demonstration Project High Level, Transuranic, and Greater Than Class C Wastes." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59048.

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Located in the scenic hills of Western New York, 35 miles south of Buffalo, the 68 hectare West Valley Demonstration Project (WVDP) is a unique and challenging environmental cleanup project that currently manages High Level, Transuranic, and Greater than Class C wastes. Before the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) assumed the responsibility of cleaning up the site, the site was the location of the only commercial spent nuclear fuel (SNF) reprocessing facility to operate in the United States. Operated by Nuclear Fuels Services from 1966–72, the site was owned by the State of New York and licensed by the Atomic Energy Commission. During operations, the plant reprocessed approximately 640 metric tons of commercial and defense nuclear fuel. When commercial operations were discontinued and the facilities were returned to New York State, there were nearly 2,271,247 liters (nearly 600,000 gallons) of liquid high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in an underground storage tank, there were approximately 750 unprocessed fuel assemblies, and there was a highly contaminated Main Plant Process Building (MPPB). The West Valley Demonstration Project Act of 1980 (the Act) authorized DOE to conduct a cleanup of the site, in cooperation with the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA), the State agency responsible for managing the property. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) license was placed in abeyance and DOE arrived on site in 1981. Since that time, several significant cleanup milestones have been completed, including vitrification (solidification in a glass matrix) of the high level liquid waste, containing approximately 15 million curies, into 275 high level waste canisters and the disposition of more than 19,000 subsequent drums of low-level radioactive waste (LLW); the shipment of the remaining 125 SNF assemblies that were in storage on site; and the shipment of more than 304,800 cubic meters (1,000,000 cubic feet) of LLW for offsite disposal. More recent accomplishments at West Valley have included deactivation and decontamination of the still-very-contaminated MPPB, management of the underground high level waste tanks (4) and their associated vaults (3), and processing and packaging of both legacy waste and waste generated as a result of decommissioning activities. This paper focuses on the high level, greater than Class C, and Transuranic waste challenges at West Valley and the options to address those challenges.
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Barbosa, Fábio C. "High Speed Rail Technology: Increased Mobility With Efficient Capacity Allocation and Improved Environmental Performance." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6137.

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The increasing movement of people and products caused by modern economic dynamics has burdened transportation systems. Both industrialized and developing countries have faced transportation problems in urbanized regions and in their major intercity corridors. Regional and highway congestion have become a chronic problem, causing longer travel times, economic inefficiencies, deterioration of the environment and quality of life. Congestion problems are also occurring at airports and air corridors, with similar negative effects. In the medium distance travel market (from 160 up to 800 km), too far to drive and too short to fly, High Speed Rail (HSR) technology has emerged as a modern transportation system, as it is the most efficient means for transporting large passenger volumes with high speed, reliability, safety, passenger comfort and environmental performance. HSR system’s feasibility will depend on its capacity to generate social benefits (i.e. increased mobility rates, reduced congestion, capacity increase and reduced environmental costs), to be balanced with the high construction, maintenance and operational costs. So, it is essential to select HSR corridors with strong passenger demands to maximize these benefits. The first HSR line was Japan’s Shinkansen service, a dedicated HSR system, between Tokyo and Osaka, launched in 1964, which is currently the most heavily loaded HSR corridor in the world. France took the next step, launching the Train à Grande Vitesse (TGV), in 1981, with a dedicated line with shared-use segments in urban areas, running between Paris and Lyon. Germany joined the venture in the early 1990 with the Inter City Express – ICE, with a coordinated program of improvements in existent rail infrastructure and Spain, in 1992, with the Alta Velocidad Espanola – AVE, with dedicated greenfield lines. Since then, these systems have continuously expanded their network. Currently, many countries are evaluating the construction of new HSR lines, with European Commission deeming the expansion of the Trans European Network as a priority. United Kingdom, for example, has just awarded construction contracts for building the so called HS2, an HSRexpanded line linking London to the northern territory. China, with its dynamic economic development, has launched its HSR network in 2007 and has sped up working on its expansion, and currently holds the highest HSR network. United States, which currently operates high speed trainsets into an operationally restricted corridor (the so called Northeast Corridor (NEC), linking Washington, New York and Boston), has also embarked into the high speed rail world with the launch of Californian HSR Project, currently under construction, aimed to link Los Angeles to San Francisco mega regions, the ongoing studies for Texas HSR project, to connect Dallas to Houston, into a wholly privately funding model, as well as studies for a medium to long term NEC upgrade for HSR. Australia and Brazil are also seeking to design and launch their first HSR service, into a time consuming process, in which a deep discussion about social feasibility and affordability is under way. This work is supposed to present an overview of HSR technology worldwide, with an assessment of the main technical, operational and economical features of Asian and European HSR systems, followed by a snapshot of the general guidelines applied to some planned HSR projects, highlighting their demand attraction potential, estimated costs, as well as their projected economic and environmental benefits.
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Reports on the topic "(59th : 1981 : United States)"

1

Farber, Henry. Job Loss in the United States, 1981-2001. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9707.

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2

Farber, Henry. The Changing Face of Job Loss in the United States, 1981-1993. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5596.

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3

Walcott, R. Characteristics of citations in geoscience dissertations accepted by academic institutions in the United States 1981-1985. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/193948.

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Lexicon of new formal geologic names of the United States 1981-1985. US Geological Survey, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b1565.

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5

Paradox and Coexistence: Latin American Artists, 1980 - 2000. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005931.

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The show represents a number of artistic trends developed by Latin American artists during the last two decades of the 20th Century. An assortment of works in different media¿oil on canvas, acrylics, rusted steel, photography, video, photography collage, ceramic, cedar wood and ropes, and paper sculpture¿provides a general view of the latest art trends in Latin America. The exhibit complements the book ¿Art of Latin America, 1981-2000¿ by Colombian Professor Germán Rubiano Caballero, which was launched in English and Spanish. Galleries and artists from Latin America and the United States collaborated with the exhibit.
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