Academic literature on the topic '536.2(043.3)'

CuFe2O4-bentonite composite successfully synthesized using chemical co-precipitation method and using to adsorp Ni(II) from electroplating wastewater. The composite was characterized by Fourier Transform Infra Red and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X Ray Spectroscopy. The FTIR spectra of CuFe2O4-bentonite composite presented the characteristic of CuFe2O4and bentonite. Typical of bentonite obtained by the bands at 1033.8 cm-1correspondent to the intensity of Si-O. The observed two peaks at 432.0 cm-1and 536.2 cm-1attributed to the tetrahedral and octahedral of CuFe2O4. The result indicated that CuFe2O4particles deposited on the surface of bentonite. The main component of CuFe2O4-bentonite composite contained of CuFe2O4and bentonite from EDX spectra. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate optimum condition of adsorption Ni(II) onto CuFe2O4-bentonite composite. The optimum condition for initial concentration of Ni(II) 50 mg L-1and volume 50 mL obtained at weight of CuFe2O4-bentonite composite of 100 mg, contact times at 60 minutes and pH of the solution 5. The adsorption efficiency of Ni(II) from electroplating wastewater using CuFe2O4-bentonite composite at optimum condition was 99.136 %, respectively.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a critical complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) affecting life quality and significantly impacting healthcare resources. OBJECTIVE: Determine the direct medical costs associated with treating DFU in King Fahad Hospital of the University and identify factors that could assist in developing resource management guidelines in Saudi Arabia. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: SETTING: King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included diabetic patients admitted with foot ulcerations between 2007 and 2017 inclusive. We determined management costs including drug usage, wound dressings, surgical procedures, admissions, and basic investigation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Factors affecting the direct perspective medical costs of managing DFU. SAMPLE SIZE: 99 patients. RESULTS: The overall cost of managing 99 patients with DFU was 6 618 043.3 SAR ($1 764 632.68 USD), which further translates to approximately 6684.9 SAR per patient/year ($1782.6 USD). The highest cost incurred was for admission expenditure (45.6%), followed by debridement (14.5%) and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (10.4%). CONCLUSION: The overall healthcare expenditure in treating DFU is high, with hospital admissions and surgical procedures adding a significant increase to the total cost. Focused patient education on overall glycemic control and prevention of DFU may decrease complications and hence, the overall cost. LIMITATIONS: Identified only the direct medical costs of DFU as the indirect costs were subjective and more difficult to quantify. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.

Abstract Introduction The goal of burn resuscitation is to provide the least amount of fluid necessary to maintain end-organ perfusion and prevent burn shock. The objective of this analysis was to examine how the Burn Navigator (BN), a clinical decision support tool in burn resuscitation, was utilized across 5 major burn centers in the United States. Methods A non-interventional, observational trial of 300 adult patients with embedded prospective and retrospective components was undertaken to examine the effectiveness of the BN in burn resuscitation. 5 ABA-verified burn centers enrolled patients. Data examining patient demographics, burn characteristics, fluid volumes, and resuscitation-related complications were examined. Statistical analysis compared the 5 sites in terms of these variables. Results A total of 285 patients were eligible for analysis. There was no difference among the centers in terms of average age (45.5 + 16.8 years), BMI (29.2 + 6.9), ISS (21.2 + 12.8), or median TBSA (34 [25.8, 47]). Primary crystalloid infusion volumes at 24 hours differed significantly when measured in ml/kg/TBSA (median 3.7 [2.9, 8.8], range 1.3 to 12.3). Similarly, total fluids, which includes colloid adjuncts, drip medications and enteral fluids, differed between groups when measured in both ml/kg (median 149.8 [106.5, 224.1], range 38.4 to 536.2) and ml/kg/TBSA (4.2 [3.3, 5.5], 1.7 to 15.3) at 24 hours. Post-hoc adjustment for pairwise comparisons resulted in a loss of significance between most of the sites. There was a total of 156 resuscitation-related complications reported across the 5 sites with an average incidence of 44.4 % incidence. Conclusions The Burn Navigator appeared to standardize fluid resuscitations across 5 major US burn centers. With primary fluid volumes near the Parkland formula, the device can be utilized effectively in burn centers, and further study should exam the utility of this device in facilities that do not commonly treat burn injuries, as well as the battlefield.

Na osnovu podataka o hidrološkim i parametrima kvaliteta sa 28 mernih profila u slivuVelike, Južne i Zapadne Morave od 2000. do 2009. godine, u radu je analizirano prostorno ivremensko rasprostranjivanje zagađujućih materija duž analiziranih vodotoka, kao i uticajpoznatih izvora zagađenja na kvalitet vode u vodotocima. U cilju ocene mogućnostipredviđanja vrednosti nekih od parametara kvaliteta u analiziranim vodotocima, statističkomanalizom obuhvaćeni su podaci sa 5 mernih profila, za koje su postavljeni modeli regresioneanalize za predikciju sadržaja rastvorenog kiseonika, koncentracije suspendovanih materija,koncentracije orto-fosfata, vrednosti HPK i vrednosti BPK5, a na osnovu vrednosti proticaja ivremenske komponente – meseca u godini u kome je vršeno merenje.
On the basis of data on hydrological and water quality parameters from 28 measure points inthe river basins of Velika Morava, Južna Morava and Zapadna Morava, during ten yearsperiod from 2000. to 2009., this work analyzes spatial and temporal dispersal of pollutantsalong the observed watercourses, as well as the effect of known sources of pollution to thewater quality. In order to estimate the possibility for predicting of some water qualityparameters (concentration of dissolved oxygen, concentration of suspended matters,concentration of o-phosphates, COD and BOD5) values, based on value of flow and timecomponent (month of the year in which the measurement was performed), for 7 measurepoints there are defined statistical regression models.

Thermoacoustic devices are built based on interactions between sound wave and a solid boundary, within a well-controlled environment, to produce either power or cooling effect. Recent studies on two important internal structures, namely regenerator and heat exchangers, are reviewed. Furthermore, the need for detailed investigations on a pressure drop condition in the flow through the regenerator and heat transfer condition in heat exchangers working in a thermoacoustic environment is also addressed. A two-dimensional porous medium model is developed based on the pressure drop measurement of a regenerator working in a well-controlled travelling-wave time-phasing, wherein the pressure and velocity of the oscillatory flow across the regenerator are controlled to be in-phase. A friction correlation is proposed based on Darcy’s law. The model is developed in a commercial software ANSYS FLUENT to determine a permeability coefficient for the model. The findings suggest that a steady-state correlation is applicable provided that the travelling-wave time-phasing is met. Otherwise, a phase-shift effect should be considered and the steady-state approximation may no longer hold true. A pair of adjacent plate heat exchangers in the oscillatory flow is studied. It is shown that the application of the temperature difference between “cold” and “hot” plates leads to interesting asymmetries within the flow field. Also a need for a turbulence model at a drive ratio lower than suggested in current literature is discovered and discussed. It is found that the heat absorbed by the cold plate is lower than the heat supplied by the hot plate and heat accumulation is observed in the system. The vortex structures and viscous dissipation change with operating conditions. The combined effect of flow amplitude, natural convection and the “annular effect” of velocity profiles near the channel wall on the flow are discussed. A good agreement with experimental results obtained previously is shown.

PGP mikroorganizmi (Plant Growth Promoting) su predmet mnogobrojnih istraživanja, čiji je glavni cilj pronalaženje adekvatnog načina njihove primene u poljoprivredi, hortikulturi, šumarstvu i zaštititi životne sredine. Cilj ovih istraživanja bio je izolacija i karakterizacija mikroorganizama sa PGP svojstvima iz rizosfere engleskog ljulja, ispitivanje sposobnosti njihovog preživljavanja nakon unošenja u zemljište, kao i praćenje uticaja njihove primene na parametre prinosa i mikrobiološku aktivnost u rizosferi biljke. Karakterizacija izolata roda Pseudomonas, Bacillus i Streptomyces obuhvatila je određivanje fizioloških, biohemijskih i PGP osobina. Uticaj introdukcije odabranih izolata i gljive Trichoderma asperellum na brojnost i mikrobiološku aktivnost u rizosferi engleskog ljulja, određivan je standardnim metodama na selektivnim hranljivim podlogama, a dehidrogenazna aktivnost spektrofotometrijskom metodom. U laboratorijskim uslovima ispitivan je efekat primene izolata na klijavost, dužinu korenka i stabaoca klice semena engleskog ljulja. U toku godine, uzimana su tri otkosa i pri tome su određivani dužina nadzemnog dela i korena biljke (cm) i prinos zelene i suve materije nadzemnog dela biljke po otkosu (t/ha). Na osnovu morfoloških, fiziološko-biohemijskih, kao i PGP osobina koje su izolati pokazali, te na osnovu rezultata mnogobrojnih dosadašnjih istraživanja, može se zaključiti da izolati P1 i P9 pripadaju vrsti Pseudomonas putida, izolat P12 Pseudomonas fluorescens, izolati B1, B3 i B6 vrsti Bacillus subtilis, a izolati A1, A2, A3 rodu Streptomyces. Brojnost pojedinih sistematskih i fizioloških grupa mikroorganizama kao i enzimatska aktivnost u rizosferi engleskog ljulja, zavisila je od primenjenih inokulanata. Primena izolata Pseudomonas sp. P12 pozitivno je uticala na povećanje ukupnog broja mikroorganizama, brojnost gljiva, aminoheterotrofa i aktinomiceta. Izolat Bacillus sp. B1 uticao je na povećanje ukupnog broja mikroorganizama, brojnosti gljiva i azotobaktera. Primena izolata Streptomyces sp. A3 dovela je do povećanja broja aktinomiceta i oligonitrofila, dok je primena Trichoderma asperellum uticala pozitivno na povećanje broja aminoheterotrofa i azotobaktera. Primena izolata Pseudomonas sp. P12 i Streptomyces sp. A3 imala je najveći efekat na dehidrogenaznu aktivnost. Inokulacija je imala pozitivan uticaj na klijavost, svežu i suvu masu biljke, visinu i dužinu korena biljaka. Primena gljive Trichoderma asperellum i izolata Streptomyces sp. A3 delovala je pozitivno na klijavost, dužinu korenka i stabaoca klice. U proseku, najbolji efekat na prinos sveže i suve materije, kao i na visinu nadzemnog dela i dužinu korena biljke, imala je primena izolata Pseudomonas sp.P12 i Bacillus sp. B1.U proizvodnji krmnih trava mikroorganizmi još nisu našli značajniju praktičnu primenu iako je veći i kvalitetniji prinos jedan od ciljeva stočarske proizvodnje. Rezultati ovih istraživanja su pokazali da se primenom mikroorganizama mogu postići pozitivni efekti i u proizvodnji engleskog ljulja. Zbog toga je veoma značajno da se vrše dalja ispitivanja uzajamnog odnosa primenjenih mikroorganizama i engleskog ljulja u poljskim uslovima, kako bi se optimizirao način i vreme primene inokulanata
PGP microorganisms (Plant Growth Promoting) have been the subject of many research projects, whose main goal is to find appropriate methods of their use in agriculture, horticulture, forestry and environmental protection. The aim of this study is the isolation and characterization of microorganisms with PGP characteristics from the rhizosphere of perennial ryegrass, testing their ability to survive after entering the soil, and monitoring the impact of their application on yield parameters and microbial activity in the rhizosphere of plants. Characterization of Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Streptomyces included determination of the physiological, biochemical and PGP characteristics. Impact of the introduction of selected isolates and fungi Trichoderma asperellum on quantity and microbial activity in the rhizosphere of ryegrass was determined by using the standard method of selective media; dehydrogenase activity by the spectrophotometric method. The effects of the implementation of isolates on germination, seedling length sprouts seeds of perennial ryegrass were studied under laboratory conditions. During the year, three cuttings were taken. At each of the three cuttings, length of stem and roots of plants (cm) and yields of fresh and dry matter of the plant (t / ha) were measured.Based on morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and PGP characteristics observed in the isolates, and based on the results of many previous studies, it can be concluded that (1) P1 and P9 isolates belong to the species Pseudomonas putida, (2)Pseudomonas fluorescens P12 isolate, isolates of B1, B3, B6, belong to the species Bacillus subtilis, and (3) A1, A2 and A3 isolates belong to the ordo Streptomyces. The quantity of systematic and physiological groups of microorganisms and enzymatic activity in the rhizosphere of ryegrass depended on the applied inoculants. Application of Pseudomonas sp. P12 had positive effects on increasing the total number of microorganisms, fungi, aminoheterotrophs and actinomycetes. Isolate Bacillus sp. B1 affected the increase of the total number of micro-organisms in the fungi and Azotobacter. Application of Streptomyces sp. isolates A3 led to an increase in the number of actinomycetes and oligonitrophyls, while the application of Trichoderma asperellum had positive impact on increasing the number aminoheterotrophs and Azotobacter. Application of Pseudomonas sp. P12 and Streptomyces sp. A3 had the greatest effect on dehydrogenase activity. Inoculation had a positive effect on germination, fresh and dry weight of plant, height and rootlength of plants. Introduction of fungus Trichoderma asperellum and Streptomyces sp. A3 isolate acted positively on germination, length of seedling of germs. On average, the best effects on the yield of fresh and dry matter, the height of the stem of the plant and the length of the root were attained by the application of Pseudomonas sp.P12 and Bacillus sp. B1 isolates. Microorganisms have not yet found significant practical use in the production of forage grasses, even though more qualitative yield has been sought in livestock production. The results of this study demonstrate that positive results in the production of perennial ryegrass can be achieved by the use of microorganisms. Therefore, it is very important to carry out further studies of the relationship between applied microorganisms and ryegrass under field conditions in order to optimize the method and time of application of inoculants.

В дипломній роботі проведено вимірювання теплового режиму ДС (ЛР, РЛВТ, НЛВТ, ЛЛ, КЛЛ, СД). На основі отриманих експериментальних даних розроблено комп’ютерну модель теплового режиму СП ЛСП-46-У з ЛЛ потужністю 40 Вт.

ВСТУП РОЗДІЛ 1. Теоретико-методичні аспекти формування системи управління ризиками промислових підприємств 1.1. Теоретична сутність управління ризиками промислового підприємства 1.2. Класифікація видів ризику діяльності промислових підприємств 1.3 Методичні підходи щодо управління ризиками на промислових підприємствах Висновки до розділу 1 РОЗДІЛ 2. Аналізування методичного інструментарію щодо оцінювання ефективності управління ризиками промислових підприємств 2.1. Цілеорієнтована оптимізація ризиків промислового підприємства 2.2. Аналіз розподілу ризиків промислового підприємства при встановлених обмеженнях 2.3. Оцінювання ризиків промислових підприємств в різних умовах функціонування Висновки до розділу 2 РОЗДІЛ 3. Організаційно-економічний механізм системи управління ризиками в умовах розвитку промислових підприємств 3.1. Модель організаційного забезпечення управління ризиками промислового підприємства 3.2. Стратегічне управління розвитком промислового підприємства при виведенні нового товару на ринок в умовах ризику та невизначеності 3.3. Прийняття рішень з управління ризиками промислового підприємства на основі їх комплексної оцінки Висновки до розділу 3 ВИСНОВКИ СПИСОК ВИКОРИСТАНИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ ДОДАТКИ

Дисертація присвячена розробці концептуальних положень і системи економіко-математичних моделей оцінювання рівня продовольчої безпеки (ПБ) регіонів України. Спираючись на результати аналізу наукових робіт з проблем моделювання ПБ і з метою врахування специфіки її оцінювання на регіональному рівні, запропоновано провести комплексне оцінювання рівня ПБ регіонів за такими напрямами: аналіз регіональних особливостей споживання базових продуктів харчування населенням України, оцінювання рівня ПБ регіонів і визначення факторів, що впливають на цей рівень. Проведено дослідження міжрегіональної диференціації за обсягами споживання базових продуктів харчування на основі теорії конвергенції. Із використанням розробленої динамічної моделі кластерного аналізу, що грунтується на поєднанні методу кластеризації k-середніх та елементів теорії нечітких множин, здійснено виявлення та аналіз динаміки регіональних особливостей споживання продуктів харчування населенням України. Побудовано узагальнений показник рівня ПБ регіону із застосуванням процедури індивідуального рейтингування. Для визначення факторів, що впливають на рівень ПБ в регіоні, побудовано регресійні моделі із панельною структурою даних. З метою оцінювання ризику зниження рівня ПБ в регіонах України використано регресійні моделі бінарного вибору. Запропоновано методичні рекомендації щодо практичного використання розробленої системи моделей під час прийняття рішень у сфері формування ПБ в регіонах України.