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Jakob, Hans-Joachim. "DIRK NIEFANGER (Hrsg.) Hans Jacob Christoph von Grimmelshausen: Der abentheuerliche Simplicissimus Teutsch und Continuatio, Reclam Verlag, Stuttgart 2017, 978 S." Zeitschrift für Germanistik 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/92164_164.
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Mit der Edition von Grimmelshausens Simplicissimus Teutsch und seiner Continuatio, die der Erlanger Germanist DIRK NIEFANGER erarbeitet hat, liegt nach langer Zeit eine Neuausgabe der Texte vor, die zuletzt innerhalb der Bibliothek deutscher Klassiker (1989; als Taschenbuch 2005) editorische Aufmerksamkeit erfuhren.1 Niefangers Ausgabe setzt sich aus dem simplicianischen Erstling (S. 5–533), seiner Fortsetzung (S. 535–672) und dem ,,Anhang“ (S. 673–978) zusammen. Der ,,Anhang“ notiert die Spezifika der vorliegenden Edition (S. 675–680), verzeichnet die Emendationen (S. 680–687), enthält die zahlreichen Erläuterungen zum Text (S. 688–862), Auszüge aus Grimmelshausens Satyrischem Pilgram und dem Simplicissimus-Druck E5 (S. 863–876), ein Literaturverzeichnis (S. 877–894), eine Einführung (S. 895–961), ein Abbildungsverzeichnis (S. 962) und ein ausführliches Inhaltsverzeichnis (S. 963–977).
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Zhang, Xiaokai, Daria A. Barkova, Pavel V. Koshlyakov, Ilya E. Gerasimov, Evgeni N. Chesnokov, and Lev N. Krasnoperov. "Kinetics of the Gas-Phase Reaction of Hydroxyl Radicals with Dimethyl Methylphosphonate (DMMP) over an Extended Temperature Range (273–837 K)." Molecules 27, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 2301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072301.
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The kinetics of the reaction of hydroxyl radical (OH) with dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP, (CH3O)2CH3PO) (reaction 1) OH + DMMP → products (1) was studied at the bath gas (He) pressure of 1 bar over the 295–837 K temperature range. Hydroxyl radicals were produced in the fast reaction of electronically excited oxygen atoms O(1D) with H2O. The time-resolved kinetic profiles of hydroxyl radicals were recorded via UV absorption at around 308 nm using a DC discharge H2O/Ar lamp. The reaction rate constant exhibits a pronounced V-shaped temperature dependence, negative in the low temperature range, 295–530 K (the rate constant decreases with temperature), and positive in the elevated temperature range, 530–837 K (the rate constant increases with temperature), with a turning point at 530 ± 10 K. The rate constant could not be adequately fitted with a standard 3-parameter modified Arrhenius expression. The data were fitted with a 5-parameter expression as: k1 = 2.19 × 10−14(T/298)2.43exp(15.02 kJ mol−1/RT) + 1.71 × 10−10exp(−26.51 kJ mol−1/RT) cm3molecule−1s−1 (295–837 K). In addition, a theoretically predicted pressure dependence for such reactions was experimentally observed for the first time.
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Yang, Ai Mei, Xiao Long Shi, Jie Li Liu, Lin Yang, and Yun Men. "Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Activity of Euphorbia altotibetica." Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (January 2014): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.21.
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Five compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extract of Euphorbia altotibetica. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as: β-sitosterol (1), daucosterol (2), chrysophanol (3), (-)-epiafzelechin (4), 5,2-dihydroxy-7,8,6-trimethoxyflavanone (5) by NMR datas, the antibacterial activity of all compounds were examined on five species of bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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Shiao, Fu Thang, Han Chou Ke, and Ying Chieh Lee. "Phase Transformation Behavior of Bi2O3-ZnO-Nb2O5 Ceramics Sintered at Low Temperature." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 1477–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.1477.
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To co-fire with commercial LTCC (Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic) materials at 850oC ~ 880 oC, different contents of B2O3 were added to the Bi2O3-ZnO-Nb2O5 (BZN) ceramics. The dielectric properties of BZN ceramics sintered at low temperatures were studied. According to the test results, the cubic phase of BZN was transformed into orthorhombic in all the test materials. A BiNbO4 phase was formed in test materials with 2 ~ 5 wt% of B2O3 addition. The BiNbO4 phase was inhibited by extra ZnO addition. The phase transformation of cubic BZN was controlled during the synthesis process of cubic and orthorhombic ZnO-Nb2O5 phase with excess ZnO content. The Cubic and orthorhombic phases of BZN could coexist and be sintered densely at 850 oC/2hr.
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Silva, Shirley Cristina Lima e., Malaquias Batista Filho, and Teresa Cristina Miglioli. "Prevalência e fatores de risco de anemia em mães e filhos no Estado de Pernambuco." Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 11, no. 2 (June 2008): 266–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-790x2008000200008.
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OBJETIVO: Estudar a prevalência e fatores de risco de anemia em mães e filhos menores de 5 anos, no Estado de Pernambuco, em três espaços geográficos: Região Metropolitana do Recife (RMR); Interior Urbano (IU) e Interior Rural (IR). MÉTODO: Estudo seccional, em amostra representativa de 807 mulheres adultas e 827 crianças menores de 5 anos, sorteadas em 3 estágios (municípios, setores censitários e famílias), possibilitando 523 pareamentos mães x filhos biológicos. A hemoglobina foi determinada em aparelho portátil (HemoCue). Fez-se avaliação de fatores de risco (biológicos, socioeconômicos, ambientais e acesso a serviços de saúde). RESULTADOS: No conjunto dos resultados, 21,8% das mulheres e 46,9% das crianças tinham anemia, prevalências semelhantes no pareamento mães/filhos biológicos. As prevalências mais baixas de anemia foram encontradas no IU, enquanto as mais elevadas ocorreram no IR. Ocorreu associação entre a situação das mães e dos filhos, com um RP = 1,45, IC (95): 1,21-1,74. Quatro fatores de risco foram comuns às mães e filhos: tipo de ocupação das moradias, coleta de lixo, assistência pré-natal e distância do serviço de saúde. As crianças incorporam mais sete fatores: idade da mãe, idade da criança, espaço geográfico, baixa escolaridade das mães, baixa renda familiar, tamanho da família e falta de esgotos sanitários. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de anemia se diferencia por espaços geográficos, idade das crianças e condição de exposição de mães e filhos a fatores biológicos, sócio-econômicos e ambientais.
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Segev, Idan. "What do dendrites and their synapses tell the neuron?" Journal of Neurophysiology 95, no. 3 (March 2006): 1295–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/classicessays.00039.2005.
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This essay looks at the historical significance of four APS classic papers that are freely available online: Rall W. Distinguishing theoretical synaptic potentials computed for different soma-dendritic distributions of synaptic input. J Neurophysiol 30: 1138–1168, 1967 ( http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/30/5/1138 ). Rall W, Burke RE, Smith TG, Nelson PG, and Frank K. Dendritic location of synapses and possible mechanisms for the monosynaptic EPSP in motoneurons. J Neurophysiol 30: 1169–1193, 1967 ( http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/30/5/1169 ). Rall W and Shepherd GM. Theoretical reconstruction of field potentials and dendrodendritic synaptic interactions in olfactory bulb. J Neurophysiol 31: 884–915, 1968 ( http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/31/6/884 ). Segev I and Rall W. Computational study of an excitable dendritic spine. J Neurophysiol 60: 499–523, 1988 ( http://jn.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/60/2/499 ).
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Rumi, M. Kh, E. M. Urazaeva, Sh R. Nurmatov, Sh K. Irmatova, M. A. Zufarov, Sh A. Faiziev, and E. P. Mansurova. "Study of the structural and technological properties of expanded vermiculite in the production of refractory thermal insulation." NOVYE OGNEUPORY (NEW REFRACTORIES) 1, no. 5 (November 24, 2022): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1683-4518-2022-5-79-86.
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Изучено влияние структуры, минерального и фракционного составов вспученного вермикулита, полученного из концентрата с нерегулярной структурой флогопит / вермикулит, а также способа формования на свойства керамовермикулита. Показано, что цвет материала может являться индикатором разной степени вермикулитизации и дегидратации гидрофлогопита. Термообработка вермикулитового концентрата на производстве при 1000 оС недостаточна для данного вида слюды. С использованием добавок огнеупорной глины получены образцы керамовермикулита плотностью 880‒1120 кг/м3 с пределом прочности при сжатии 0,54‒0,91 МПа (полусухое прессование) и плотностью 530‒620 кг/м3 с пределом прочности при сжатии 0,21‒0,45 МПа (пластическое формование).
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Díaz Ortega, José Luis, Miguel Angel Nakamura López, Daniela Robles Torres, Jose Gerardo Rios Castillo, Gabriela Aguilar Carrada, Cesar Omar Zuñiga Ocampo, Eva Román Castro, Pierce Trumbo, Deyanira Desales Castañeda, and María Edith González Sánchez. "Factors associated with missed opportunities for vaccination in children aged <5 years in Oaxaca, Mexico, 2018." American Journal of Field Epidemiology 1, no. 3 (September 14, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.59273/ajfe.v1i3.7987.
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Introduction. We estimated the frequency of missed opportunities for vaccination and the factors associated with them in children under five as they exited the health facilities in two health districts of Oaxaca, Mexico in 2018. Population and Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study out of an exit survey of public health facilities with low immunization coverage. The study population was comprised of 837 children and their caregivers who had visited those health facilities. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated to analyze factors associated with missed opportunities for vaccination. Results. A total of 502 children were eligible to receive 1338 doses of missing vaccines; 986 missed opportunities for vaccination were observed. The factors related to missing opportunities were related to health facilities (810, 82.2%); mainly due to total or partial vaccine shortages (789, 97.4%), followed by health personnel (108, 10.9%) and child caregivers (68, 6.9%). Discussion. The main variable associated with missed vaccination opportunities was partial or complete vaccine shortages.
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Storandt, Michael H., Urshila Durani, Daniela Stan, Nicole Larson, Charles Loprinzi, Fergus Couch, Janet E. Olson, Nandita Khera, and Kathryn J. Ruddy. "Abstract 1012: Financial hardship in breast cancer survivors." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-1012.
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Abstract Background: Medical financial hardship, encompassing material, behavioral, and psychologic domains, is becoming an increasingly common consequence of illness in cancer patients. Identifying at-risk patients is the first step to develop proactive approaches to mitigate this problem. To try and address this need, Mayo Clinic Breast Disease Registry (MCBDR) is prospectively collecting data about financial concerns in addition to the usual sociodemographic and clinical information. Methods: We used data from Mayo Clinic Breast Disease Registry, a prospective cohort of consenting patients seen at Mayo Clinic Rochester within one year of initial breast cancer diagnosis. Participants completed baseline and annual follow-up surveys rating their financial concerns on a linear analogue scale from 0 (“none”) to 10 (“constant concerns”). We compared patient-reported financial concern at baseline to that on each patient’s most recent survey, with worsening concerns defined as a 1+-point increase. Logistic regression evaluated for predictors of worsening financial concerns. Results: 1,957 participants responded to financial concern questions on a baseline and at least one follow-up survey between 2015 and 2020. Mean age was 58.5 years (SD 12.5), and mean time between diagnosis and the most recent follow-up was 25.6 months (SD 16.2). 357 (18.2%) reported worsening financial concerns. Only lower baseline financial status was associated with a greater likelihood of worsening financial concerns (see Table). Conclusions: More than one in seven breast cancer survivors develop worsening financial concerns within 5-years of diagnosis, and those with less financial security at baseline appear to be most vulnerable. Funding: Breast Cancer Research Foundation (CLL) and NR015259 (KJR). Patient and tumor characteristics, compared by whether financial status worsened over time Full Cohort (n=1957) Worsening, ≥ 1-point change (n=357) Stable/Improved (n=1600) p value Full Cohort (n=1957) Worsening, ≥ 1-point change (n=357) Stable/Improved (n=1600) p value Age at diagnosis II or III 502 (25.7%) 98 (27.5%) 404 (25.3%) 0.239 ≤ 50 546 (27.9%) 105 (29.4%) 441 (27.6%) IV 67 (3.4%) 17 (4.8%) 50 (3.1%) 0.086 51-64 757 (38.7%) 136 (38.1%) 621 (38.8%) 0.562 Unknown 351 (17.9%) 65 (18.2%) 286 (17.9%) 0.536 ≥65 654 (33.4%) 116 (32.5%) 538 (33.6%) 0.506 ER and/or PR positive Race No/Unknown 482 (24.6%) 92 (25.8%) 390 (24.4%) White 1863 (95.2%) 337 (94.4%) 1526 (95.4%) Yes 1475 (75.4%) 265 (74.2%) 1210 (75.6%) 0.580 Non-white 24 (1.2%) 5 (1.4%) 19 (1.2%) 0.729 Her2 positive Other/Unknown/Choose not to respond 70 (3.6%) 15 (4.2%) 55 (3.4%) 0.478 No/Unknown 1746 (89.2%) 314 (88.0%) 1432 (89.5%) Educational status Yes 176 (9.0%) 37 (10.4%) 139 (8.7%) 0.321 Less than bachelor’s degree 880 (45.0%) 168 (47.1%) 712 (44.5%) Borderline 35 (1.8%) 6 (1.7%) 29 (1.8%) 0.898 Bachelor's degree or higher 1065 (54.4%) 187 (52.4%) 878 (54.9%) 0.384 Radiation Unknown 12 (0.6%) 2 (0.6%) 10 (0.6%) 0.832 No/Unknown 781 (39.9%) 140 (39.2%) 641 (40.1%) Financial status near time of diagnosis Yes 1176 (60.1%) 217 (60.8%) 959 (59.9%) 0.768 Pay bills, money for special things 1412 (72.2%) 244 (68.3%) 1168 (73.0%) Chemotherapy/targeted therapy Pay bills, no money for special things 367 (18.8%) 80 (22.4%) 287 (17.9%) 0.046 No/Unknown 1264 (64.6%) 221 (61.9%) 1043 (65.2%) Pay bills by making cuts 102 (5.2%) 19 (5.3%) 83 (5.2%) 0.729 Yes 693 (35.4%) 136 (38.1%) 557 (34.8%) 0.241 Unable to pay bills 56 (2.9%) 10 (2.8%) 46 (2.9%) 0.911 Hormone/endocrine therapy Unknown 20 (1.0%) 4 (1.1%) 16 (1.0%) 0.750 No/Unknown 710 (36.3%) 141 (39.5%) 569 (35.6%) Employment status at time of diagnosis Yes 1247 (63.7%) 216 (60.5%) 1031 (64.4%) 0.163 Employed full-time 462 (23.6%) 83 (23.2%) 379 (23.7%) Surgery type Employed part-time/unemployed/retired 525 (26.8%) 92 (25.8%) 433 (27.1%) 0.856 Lumpectomy 846 (43.2%) 145 (40.6%) 701 (43.8%) Not available 970 (49.6%) 182 (51.0%) 788 (49.3%) 0.716 Mastectomy 903 (46.1%) 165 (46.2%) 738 (46.1%) 0.535 Stage at time of diagnosis None/Unknown 208 (10.6%) 47 (13.2%) 161 (10.1%) 0.069 0 or I 1037 (53.0%) 177 (49.6%) 860 (53.8%) Citation Format: Michael H. Storandt, Urshila Durani, Daniela Stan, Nicole Larson, Charles Loprinzi, Fergus Couch, Janet E. Olson, Nandita Khera, Kathryn J. Ruddy. Financial hardship in breast cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1012.
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Guedes, Orlando Aguirre, Ana Helena Gonçalves de Alencar, Lawrence Gonzaga Lopes, Jesus Djalma Pécora, and Carlos Estrela. "A retrospective study of Traumatic Dental Injuries in a Brazilian dental urgency service." Brazilian Dental Journal 21, no. 2 (2010): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402010000200011.
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Epidemiologic aspects of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) were evaluated in the permanent dentition in a sample of 847 patients treated at the Dental Urgency Service of the Dental School of the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil, between May 2000 and May 2008. The statistical treatment analyzed data from frequency distribution and chi-square test. The level of significance was set at 5% for all analyses. The results showed a higher incident among males (610; 72.01%) with mean age of 6-10 year-old. Uncomplicated crown fracture (without pulp exposure) (502; 26.95%), avulsion (341; 18.30%) and complicated crown fracture (with pulp exposure) (330; 17.71%) were the most prevalent TDI. The prevalence of trauma throughout the years showed proportionality, being observed a larger number of cases between July and September (249; 29.39%). The most affected teeth were the maxillary central incisors (65.65%), followed by the maxillary left lateral incisors (19.67%). In 311 participants (18.25%), only one tooth was involved, while in most patients (536; 81.75%), TDI occurred in more than one tooth. Significant proportion (82.27%) of traumatized teeth presented completely formed root apex. The main etiologic factors involved in TDI were falls (51.71%), traffic accidents (22.90%) and violence (5.67%). Based on the obtained data, it may be concluded that accurate policies of TDI prevention must be established, capable of stimulating the exposure of appropriate protocols for management of these lesions. The prevalence of TDI in Goiânia subpopulation is compared to the prevalence reported in epidemiological studies in others populations.
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Ye, Xin Yu, Shu Cai, and Ying Dou. "Corrosion Behavior of Mesoporous Hydroxyapatite Coated AZ31 Magnesium Alloys." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 1811–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.1811.
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Recently magnesium (Mg) alloys were widely studied as biodegradable implants for orthopedic applications duo to their suitable mechanical and biological properties. However, too fast degradation rate of Mg alloys would cause potential harm to human body. With the aim to promote the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys, mesoporous hydroxyapatite (meso-HA) coatings were synthesized on the AZ31 Mg alloys by dipped into meso-HA sol for different times (1, 3, 5 times, respectively) and subsequently heat treated. The morphologies of naked and coated samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The whole surface of AZ31 Mg alloys was fully covered by a uniform coating consisted of spherical meso-HA particles sized in ~50 nm after being dipped into the meso-HA sol for 5 times. To evaluate the corrosion properties of naked and coated samples, immersion tests and electrochemistry measurement were carried out in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at 37 °C. After the immersion of 3 days, the average corrosion rate of coated samples was calculated to be 8.7×10-3 mm/d, suggesting a greater corrosion resistance than the naked ones (8.1×10-2 mm/d). All the results indicated that it is a potential approach to improve the corrosion resistance Mg alloys with meso-HA coatings.
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Reid, Pankti, David Liew, Rajshi Akruwala, Anne Bass, and Karmela Chan. "817 Activated osteoarthritis following immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment: an observational study." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (November 2021): A854. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.817.
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BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy but can result in toxicities, known as immune-related adverse events (irAEs), due to a hyperactivated immune system. ICI-related inflammatory arthritis has been described in literature, but herewith we introduce and characterize post-ICI activated osteoarthritis (ICI-aOA).MethodsWe conducted a multi-center, retrospective, observational study of patients with cancer treated with ICIs and diagnosed with ICI-aOA by a rheumatologist. ICI-aOA was defined by (1) an increase in non-inflammatory joint pain after ICI initiation, (2) in joints characteristically affected by osteoarthritis and (3) lack of inflammation on exam. Cases were graded using the CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events) V6.0 rubric for arthralgia. RECIST (Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors) V.1.1 (v.4.03) guidelines determined tumor response. Results were analyzed using Chi-squared tests of association and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThirty-six patients had ICI-aOA with mean age at time of rheumatology presentation of 66 years (51–81yrs). Most patients had metastatic melanoma (10/36, 28%) and had received a PD1/PDL1 inhibitor monotherapy (31/36, 86%) with 5/36 (14%) combination therapy. Large joint involvement (hip/knee) was noted in 53% (19/36), small joints of hand 25% (9/36), and spine 14% (5/36). Two-thirds (24/36) suffered multiple joint involvement. Three of 36 (8%) had CTCAE grade 3, 14 (39%) grade 2 and 19 (53%) grade 1 manifestations. Symptom onset ranged from six days to 33.8 months with median of 5.2 months after ICI initiation; 5 patients suffered ICI-aOA after ICI cessation (0.6, 3.5, 4.4, 7.3 and 15.4 months after ICI cessation) (figure 1). Most common form of therapy was intra-articular corticosteroid injections only (15/36, 42%) followed by NSAIDs only (7/36, 20%) (figure 2). Twenty patients (56%) experienced other irAEs, with rheumatic and dermatologic being the most common. All three patients with high-grade ICI-aOA also had another irAE diagnosis at some point after ICI initiation.ConclusionsICI-aOA should be recognized as an adverse event of ICI immunotherapy. Early referral to a rheumatologist can facilitate the distinction between ICI induced inflammatory arthritis from post-ICI mechanical arthropathy, the latter of which can be managed with local therapy that will not compromise ICI efficacy.Ethics ApprovalCollection of patient data was approved by local Institutional Review Boards at respective institutions: Hospital for Special Surgery in New York (HSS IRB # 2017–1898), University of Chicago in Chicago, Illinois (IRB150837) and Austin Health in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (HREC/18/Austin/102).Abstract 817 Figure 1Incidence of ICI-aOA (activated osteoarthritis after immune-checkpoint inhibitor) ranged from the first month after ICI initiation up until month 22 after ICI initiation, with most cases occurring in the first 6 months after start of ICI. Five of 36 patients experienced ICI-aOA after ICI cessation (0.6, 3.5, 4.4, 7.3 and 15.4 months after ICI cessation), corresponding to presentation after ICI initiation as follows: 2.0, 9.6, 19.1, 8.7 and 16.1 months after ICI initiation, respectively (as denoted in darker color). ICI: Immune-checkpoint inhibitor, NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, DMARDs: Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugsAbstract 817 Figure 2Therapeutic option most used was local or intra-articular corticosteroid therapy, followed by conservative management with physical therapy only then NSAIDs. Most patients experienced improvement in signs and symptoms with treatment. ICI: Immune-checkpoint inhibitor, NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, DMARDs: Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs
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Murakami, Shio, Mariko Matsuura, Tadaaki Satou, Shinichiro Hayashi, and Kazuo Koike. "Effects of the Essential Oil from Leaves of Alpinia zerumbet on Behavioral Alterations in Mice." Natural Product Communications 4, no. 1 (January 2009): 1934578X0900400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0900400128.
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In phytotherapy, the essential oil from the leaves of Alpinia zerumbet ( Alpinia speciosa K. Schum.) (EOAZ) is used for neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as depression, stress and anxiety, and chronic problems that are associated with reproductive hormone imbalances in women. The chemical composition of EOAZ was analyzed by GC/MS, and the EOAZ properties inducing behavioral alterations in mice were examined by behavioral observations (BO) and an elevated plus-maze task (EPM), widely used as a method for assessing anxiolytic-like behaviors. Five major compounds, p-cymene (28.0 ± 5.0%), 1,8-cineole (17.9 ± 4.2%), terpinen-4-ol (11.9 ± 6.3%), limonene (6.3 ± 2.2%), and camphor (5.2 ± 2.1%) were identified by retention indices, mass spectra and comparison with standards. Inhalational administration of EOAZ (8.7 ppm) induced unique jumping behaviors in mice. To further investigate the behavioral regulatory mechanisms of EOAZ, we administered an intraperitoneal injection of either 10 mg/kg 5-HTP or 10 mg/kg fluoxetine prior to the EOAZ inhalations. By 5-HTP or fluoxetine pretreatments, the jumping frequencies were significantly decreased. In EPM, EOAZ (0.087 and 8.7 ppm) obviously showed the anxiolytic-like activity in mice.
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Serrano Ruiz, Esther. "Régimen jurídico de la financiación de los Grupos Parlamentarios. Las subvenciones, la cesión de locales y de medios materiales." Asamblea. Revista parlamentaria de la Asamblea de Madrid, no. 5 (June 1, 2007): 355–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.59991/rvam/2007/m.5/827.
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Sumario: I. INTRODUCCIÓN.—II. EL PRINCIPIO DE AUTONOMÍA FINANCIERA Y LA FINANCIACIÓN DE LOS GRUPOS PARLAMENTARIOS.—III. RÉGIMEN JURÍDICO DE LA FINANCIACIÓN DE LOS GRUPOS PARLAMENTARIOS.—IV. LAS SUBVENCIONES DE LOS GRUPOS PARLAMENTARIOS.—4.1. Régimen jurídico aplicable a las subvenciones a los Grupos Parlamentarios.—4.2. Régimen jurídico aplicable a las subvenciones del Grupo Parlamentario Mixto.—4.3. La obligación de los Grupos Parlamentarios de llevar una contabilidad específica de las subvenciones: su regulación jurídica.—4.4. El control de las subvenciones a los Grupos Parlamentarios por los órganos de la Cámara: su regulación jurídica.—V. LA CESIÓN DE LOCALES Y MEDIOS MATERIALES A LOS GRUPOS PARLAMENTARIOS.—5.1. Regulación jurídica en los Reglamentos parlamentarios sobre la cesión de locales y medios materiales a los Grupos Parlamentarios.—5.2. Normas sobre la cesión de locales y medios materiales a los Grupos Parlamentarios.
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Triboli, Edison Paulo De Ros, and Jorge Andrey Wilhelms Gut. "Study of Spray-dried Yoghurt Production in a Pilot-scale Equipment Using Drying Agents to Reduce Wall Deposition." International Journal of Food Engineering 12, no. 8 (October 1, 2016): 793–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2015-0355.
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Abstract The objective of this study was to determine suitable conditions for yoghurt spray drying in a pilot-scale equipment with a rotary atomizer using drying auxiliary agents to reduce wall deposition in the drying chamber. First, the effects of the main process variables (disk rotation speed: 25,000–30,000 rpm; inlet air temperature: 160–180 °C; feed flow rate: 5.2–8.7 kg/h) were studied with a 23 central composite experimental design. Following, six different drying agents (maltodextrins 5 dextrose equivalent [DE] and 10 DE, EmCap®, acacia gum, skimmed milk and fumed silica) were tested to identify the most promising additive to improve process yield. Excellent results on wall deposition, product recovery, product color and particle size distribution span were achieved with fumed silica Aerosil® at 3 %, 26,000-rpm atomizer speed, 160 °C inlet air temperature and 8.7 kg/h yoghurt feed flow rate. The action of the fumed silica on particle agglomerates produced a free-flowing powder with good homogeneity.
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Tohidi, Edi, Reza Perdana Herdiansyah, Edi Wahyudin, and Kaslani Kaslani. "ANALISA SENTIMEN KOMENTAR VIDEO YOUTUBE DI CHANNEL TVONENEWS TENTANG CALON PRESIDEN PRABOWO SUBIANTO MENGGUNAKAN SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE." JATI (Jurnal Mahasiswa Teknik Informatika) 8, no. 1 (February 24, 2024): 660–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36040/jati.v8i1.8560.
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Indonesia merupakan negara demokrasi di mana rakyat memilih presiden melalui Pemilihan Umum Presiden (Pilpres) yang dilakukan 5 tahun sekali. Pada Pilpres 2024, ada 3 kandidat capres yaitu Anies Baswedan, Prabowo Subianto, dan Ganjar Pranowo. Youtube menjadi platform utama masyarakat menyampaikan opini politik. Penelitian ini menganalisis sentimen komentar video Youtube TVOneNews tentang calon presiden Prabowo sebagai capres 2024 dengan SVM. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengukur akurasi SVM dalam mengklasifikasi sentimen komentar video Youtube TVOneNews berjudul "Relawan dari Berbagai Daerah Deklarasikan Prabowo sebagai Capres 2024" serta melihat sentimen masyarakat terhadap calon presiden prabowo subianto. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) yang terdiri dari lima tahapan yaitu Selection, Preprocessing, Transformation, Data Mining dan Interpretation. Datadalam penelitian ini berjumlah 927 komentar yang didapatkan melalui crawling setelah preprocessing tersisa 877 data dengan label positif 530 dan label negatif 346. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat sebuah perbedaan jumlah label sentimen awal dengan hasil SVM, dimana sentimen positif bertambah dari 530 menjadi 542 dan sentimen negatif berkurang dari 346 menjadi 334. Dan hasil klasifikasi SVM mendapatkan nilai akurasi 85%, presisi 87% dan recall 89%.
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Semmler, Georg, Fabian Barbieri, Karin Thudt, Paul Vock, Deddo Mörtl, Harald Mayr, Christian Georg Wollmann, et al. "Long-Term Technical Performance of the Osypka QT-5® Ventricular Pacemaker Lead." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 4 (February 8, 2021): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040639.
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Background: Lead-associated complications and technical issues in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices are common but underreported in the literature. Methods: All patients undergoing implantation of the Osypka QT-5® ventricular lead at the University Clinic St. Pölten between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed (n = 211). Clinical data including pacemaker follow-up examinations and the need for lead revisions were assessed. Kaplan–Meier analysis to estimate the rate of lead dysfunction during long-term follow-up was conducted. Results: Patients were followed for a median of 5.2 years (interquartile range (IQR) 2.0–8.7). R-wave sensing properties at implantation, compared to last follow-up, remained basically unchanged: 9.9 mV (IQR 6.8–13.4) and 9.6 mV (IQR 5.6–12.0), respectively). Ventricular pacing threshold significantly increased between implantation (0.5 V at 0.4 ms; IQR 0.5–0.8) and the first follow-up visit (1.0 V at 0.4 ms; IQR 0.8–1.3; p < 0.001) and this increase persisted throughout to the last check-up (0.9 V at 0.4 ms; IQR 0.8–1.2). Impedance significantly declined from 1142 Ω (IQR 955–1285) at implantation to 814 Ω (IQR 701–949; p < 0.001) at the first check-up, followed by a further decrease to 450 Ω (IQR 289–652; p < 0.001) at the last check-up. Overall, the Osypka QT-5® ventricular lead was replaced in 36 patients (17.1%). Conclusions: This report shows an unexpected high rate of technical issues of the Osypka QT-5® ventricular lead during long-term follow-up.
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Дубров, В. И. "Comparison of Results of Open and Laparoscopic Extravesical Ureteral Reimplantation in Children with Refluxing Megaureter." Хирургия. Восточная Европа, no. 4 (February 2, 2021): 367–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2020.9.4.019.
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Введение. В настоящее время лапароскопическая реимплантация мочеточника применяется для хирургического лечения мегауретера как альтернатива традиционным открытым вмешательствам. Однако в литературе отсутствуют исследования, в которых проводится сравнение результатов лапароскопических и открытых операций при мегауретере у детей.Цель. Сравнить результаты лапароскопической и открытой реимплантации мочеточника у детей с рефлюксирующим мегауретером.Материалы и методы. Проведено проспективное клиническое исследование, в которое включены 115 пациентов в возрасте от 5 месяцев до 15 лет (медиана – 13,8 месяца) с односторонним первичным рефлюксирующим мегауретером. Диаметр мочеточника составлял от 10 до 40 мм (медиана – 17 мм). Основную группу составил 41 пациент, которым проведена лапароскопическая экстравезикальная поперечная реимплантация мочеточника. В контрольную группу включены 74 ребенка, перенесших экстравезикальный уретероцистонеоанастомоз по методике Barry.Результаты. У всех пациентов в основной группе операция была выполнена лапароскопическим методом без конверсии. Серьезных интраоперационных осложнений не наблюдалось. Ранние послеоперационные осложнения (I–IIIб степени по шкале Клавьена – Диндо) развились в общей сложности у 6 пациентов (5,2%), по три случая в каждой группе (р=0,664). Отдаленные результаты прослежены за период от 6 месяцев до 6 лет (медиана – 13,5 месяца). Общий показатель успеха составил 90,4%. Послеоперационный пузырно-мочеточниковый рефлюкс III–IV степени диагностирован у 10 пациентов (8,7%), из них 4 случая в основной группе (9,8%) и 6 детей в контрольной группе (8,1%). В отдаленном периоде после операции обструкция мочеточника выявлена у 1 ребенка (1,4%) после открытой реимплантации по Barry. Эффективность лапароскопической реимплантации мочеточника составила 90,2%, открытой – 90,5% (р=1,000).Заключение. Лапароскопическая экстравезикальная поперечная реимплантация мочеточника у детей с врожденным мегауретером является эффективной процедурой с результативностью, сопоставимой с открытыми вмешательствами. Introduction. Laparoscopic extravesical ureteral reimplantation is becoming more widely used as an alternative to open reimplantation. Today, no direct comparison to the open approach in a similar cohort exists.Purpose. To compare the results of laparoscopic and open ureteral reimplantation in children with a refluxing megaureter.Materials and methods. This prospective study included 115 pediatric patients (median age – 14 months, range – from 5 months to 15 years) with unilateral primary refluxing megaureter. The median of preoperative ureteral diameters was 17 mm (range – from 10 to 40 mm). The main group consisted of 41 patients, who underwent laparoscopic extravesical transverse ureteral reimplantation. The control group included 74 children, who underwent Barry extravesical ureteral reimplantation.Results. There were no major intraoperative complications or conversions in the main group. The grade I-IIIb Clavien-Dindo complications occurred in six patients (5.2%), three cases in each group (p=0.664). The overall success rate was 90.4% after a follow-up of 14 months (range – from 6 months to 6 years). Postoperative III-IV grade vesicoureteral reflux was observed in ten patients (8.7%), four cases in the main group (9.8%) and six children in the control group (8.1%). Late ureteral obstruction developed in one patient (1.4%) after open reimplantation. The success rate was 90.2% for laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation, compared to 90.5% for open reimplantation (p=1,000).Conclusion. Laparoscopic extravesical transverse ureteral reimplantation in children with congenital megaureter is an effective procedure with an efficiency comparable to open interventions.
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Smaili, Tahar, Abdelouahab Belkassam, Khadidja Dehimi, Maroua Hadji, and Guido Flamini. "Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil from Salvia Verbenaca ssp. Clandestina from Algerian Pre-Sahara." Acta Biologica Marisiensis 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/abmj-2022-0004.
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Abstract The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Salvia verbenaca (L.) Briq. ssp. clandestina (L.) Pugsl. (Lamiaceae) growing wild in Bou Saâda, pre-Saharan region of Algeria, was analyzed by GC-MS. Sixty-four compounds were detected, representing 95.6% of the whole oil, among them forty five compounds are identified in this sample for the first time. The essential oil of S. verbenaca ssp. clandestena showed the predominance of sesquiterpenes (56.4%) followed by monoterpene derivatives (35.5%). The main constituents were β-pinene (10.2%), spathulenol (8.7%), caryophylene oxide (6.1%), α-pinene (5.2%), germacrene D (5%) and α-gurjunene (4.9%). Chemical composition of the essential oil from our sample may be categorized as sesquiterpene and monoterpene chemotype among the four chemotypes identified for Salvia species.
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Sambuelli, A., A. Gil, S. Negreira, P. Tirado, S. Huernos, S. Goncalves, and P. Lakatos. "P256 High disease burden of CROHN’S DISEASE (CD) in a Latin American IBD reference center." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S292—S293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.382.
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Abstract Background CD is a multifactorial, heterogeneous, disabling condition, with high surgical rates and complications. Best knowledge of regional clinical features may favor awareness, evolution and healthcare resources. AIM: to describe by means a retrospective study in a Latin American IBD reference center, clinical characteristics of our CD casuistic, and the risk for surgery. Methods data of CD patients (pts) assisted from 1990-June 2020 (CD duration≥1 yr), registered in a database, were revised and reclassified (by Montreal) in Age at diagnosis (A)A1:≦16yrs, A2:17–40, A3:>40, Behavior (B) B1, stricturing (B2), penetrating (B3), perianal modifier (p), Location (L) L1: ileal, L2: colonic, L3: ileocolonic, L4: upper GI: isolated or combined. Incidence rates of progression and surgery (major abdominal surgery and/or bowel resection) were estimated (Kaplan Meier). Results 598 CD pts (M 313, F 285), CD median duration 13.9 yrs (IQR 7.1–21.2) were available for analysis. Montreal A1: n 93 (15.6%), A2: n 335 (56.0%), A3: n 170 (28.4%). Behavior patterns rates within 90 days from diagnosis were: B1: n 523 (87.5%), B2: n 52 (8.7%), B3: n 23 (3.8%). Location L1: n 52 (8.7%), L2: n 368 (61.5%) L3: n 176 (29.4), L4: n 2 (0.33%) and L4 combined with L1, L2, L3: n 47 (7.9%). Complicated initial behavior (or progression to complications) was observed in 252/598 (42.1%). Rates of cumulative incidence of developing either stricturing or penetrating complications at 1, 3, 5, 10 yrs were: 20.9% (95%CI 17.9–24.4), 31.4% (95%CI 27.7–35.4), 37.0% (95%CI 33.0–41.3), 48.4% (95%CI 43.5–53.4) respectively; by each complication were for B2: 15.22%, 22.9%, 27.0%, 34.1%, and B3: 6.7%, 11.1%, 14.6%, 21.9%, respectively. Both complications in same patient were present in 54 (9%) pts. B3 was more prevalent in L3 (40.8%), B2 in L1 (56.3%), (p=0.00001 for both) vs L2 (16.7%, 22.2% respectively). Perianal disease (p) was more frequent in L2 (53.2% p<0.024) vs. the rest of locations (L1: 39.6%, L3: 40.8%, half of L4). CD location progression was less frequent (5%, mainly progression on small bowel). Considerable proportions of pts needed early IV steroids, immunosuppressants (58%), Biologics (at least one: 44%) and optimization. Major surgery was performed in 304/598 pts (50.8%),≥1 in 20%; 9.8% needed permanent stoma. Cumulative incidence rates of major surgery at 90 days, 1, 3, 5, 10 yrs were 5.7%, 11.7%, 23.4%, 29.1%, 42.0%. Patterns B2, B3, L1, L3, L4, A2, also (unusual) A3 were substantial contributors. Conclusion We found high disease burden in this Latin American referral IBD cohort with a large proportion of patients presenting/developing a complicated disease behaviour, with high need for immunosupressive/biological therapy and high rates of major surgery.
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Seabury, Christopher M., David L. Oldeschulte, Eric K. Bhattarai, Dhruti Legare, Pamela J. Ferro, Richard P. Metz, Charles D. Johnson, Mitchell A. Lockwood, and Tracy A. Nichols. "Accurate Genomic Predictions for Chronic Wasting Disease in U.S. White-Tailed Deer." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 4 (March 2, 2020): 1433–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.119.401002.
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The geographic expansion of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in U.S. white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) has been largely unabated by best management practices, diagnostic surveillance, and depopulation of positive herds. Using a custom Affymetrix Axiom single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, we demonstrate that both differential susceptibility to CWD, and natural variation in disease progression, are moderately to highly heritable (h2=0.337±0.079─0.637±0.070) among farmed U.S. white-tailed deer, and that loci other than PRNP are involved. Genome-wide association analyses using 123,987 quality filtered SNPs for a geographically diverse cohort of 807 farmed U.S. white-tailed deer (n = 284 CWD positive; n = 523 CWD non-detect) confirmed the prion gene (PRNP; G96S) as a large-effect risk locus (P-value < 6.3E-11), as evidenced by the estimated proportion of phenotypic variance explained (PVE ≥ 0.05), but also demonstrated that more phenotypic variance was collectively explained by loci other than PRNP. Genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP; n = 123,987 SNPs) with k-fold cross validation (k = 3; k = 5) and random sampling (n = 50 iterations) for the same cohort of 807 farmed U.S. white-tailed deer produced mean genomic prediction accuracies ≥ 0.81; thereby providing the necessary foundation for exploring a genomically-estimated CWD eradication program.
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Abdelhadi, R. A. "Reduction of phosphates in sewage using kiln ash as an adsorbent." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 877, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/877/1/012054.
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Abstract Phosphate is a naturally occurring chemical found in large quantities on the Earth’s surface that causes eutrophication when deposited into rivers. A number of studies have been conducted to assess the ability of various treatments to remove phosphates from sewage. Lately, it has been discovered that phosphorus recovery may be accomplished by filtering the water. The cost of the filtering materials, on the other hand, is prohibitively expensive. As a result, current research has concentrated on utilising low-cost ones to minimise the expense of filtering. Steel production residues, such as kiln bottom ashes, are being utilised in this study to recover phosphates from contaminated wastewater. A variety of operational settings have been investigated in order to obtain the highest possible extraction efficiency at the lowest feasible cost. Bottom ashes were demonstrated to be an effective substitute for phosphorus extraction. The highest phosphorus extraction was 90.1 percent after 40 minutes, with a starting concentration of 5 mg/L and an ash dose of 530 mg/L. The findings were used to create a prediction model with a high degree of reliability.
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Salek, Tomas, and Peter Pichna. "Treatment patterns in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in Slovakia." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): e14700-e14700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e14700.
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e14700 Background: CRC is one of the most frequent malignant diseases in Slovakia. Slovakia with approximately 5 million inhabitants is country with the highest incidence of CRC in Europe, and there is a focus on CRC treatment within Slovak healthcare system. Methods: Between March 2012 and June 2012 we made a survey in the vast majority of hospital medical oncology departments and outpatient cancer clinics /93 facilities- it comprises approximately 95 % of Slovak departments and clinics treating metastatic CRC/. Data obtained during this 4months period were then multiplied by 3, and that gave us the approximate yearly data. (We reviewed data from 532 patients during four months period.) Results: 670 newly diagnosed mCRC patients (pts) (38%) were treated with chemotherapy alone in the first line, 867 pts (48%) with chemotherapy plus biologics and 231 pts (13%) were treated with best supportive care only. 87% of our newly diagnosed mCRC pts were treated with first line therapy, 37% with second line therapy and 25% with third and later lines of treatment. 42% of pts had KRAS status examined with following results: 44% KRAS wild type, 50.4% KRAS mutated and 5.6% status unknown. Conclusions: We conclude that in Slovakia we have similar patterns of mCRC treatment like in other Middle European countries and high percentage of pts in the first line is treated with biologic therapy.
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Ghorbania, Fatemeh, Masoomeh Ghorbani, and Arezou Ghahghaee. "The Inhibitory Effects of Nucleosides, Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate, Inosine, Nicotinamide Riboside and Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Against α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Enzymes." SDRP Journal of Food Science & Technology 5, no. 3 (2020): 182–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25177/jfst.5.4.ra.10644.
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Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level over a prolonged period of time. Inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes leads to decrease in the absorption of glucose which is considered as one of the effective managements of diabetes mellitus. Vegetable, fruit, milk and fish are good sources of nucleosides and inosine (INO), nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) with versatile health benefits. The well-adapted structural features of these compounds for the inhibition/activation of enzymes include several available hydrogen bond (H-bond) acceptors and donors, flexible backbone and hydrophobic nature. The substrates of α-amylase (α-Amy) and α-Glucosidase (α-Glu), known as key absorbing enzymes, have functional groups (OH groups) resembling nucleosides. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory properties of nucleosides against αAmy and α-Glu. The median inhibition concentration (IC50) values for α-Glu in the presence of adenosine (ADN), adenosine triphosphate (AMP), NR, INO, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose, ADP-glucose and NMN were determined 208.6±3.8, 254.1±5.2, 177.7±4.8, 192.1±5.2, 215.9±2.7, 65.4±1.3, 63.4±2.2, 75.6±4.2 and 196.1±2.6, respectively. The IC50 values α-Amy in the presence of ADN, AMP, NR, INO, ATP, NAD, ADP-ribose, ADP-glucose and NMN were determined 145.3±2.4, 202.3±3.9, 127.7±4.8, 163.5±3.6, 185.3±1.2, 80.4±2.8, 64.8±4.7, 51.1±1.6 and 166.5±1.4, respectively. Moreover, the Ki values of NAD were calculated as 13.8±0.8 and 18.6±2.4 µM for α-Glu and α-Amy in a competitive-mode and noncompetitive -mode inhibition. In addition, to communicate with the active site of α-Glu and α-Amy respectively, NR presented a binding energy of -7.8 and -6.8 kcal/mol, INO -7.3 and -6.9, ATP -8.3 and -7.3, NAD -10.0 and -8.5, ADP-ribose -8.7 and -7.4, ADP-glucose -8.9 and -7.6, cAMP -6.6 and -6.3 and NMN -6.8 and -7.0 kcal/mol. These antioxidant inhibitors may be potential anti-diabetic drugs, not only to reduce glycemic index, but also to limit the activity of the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing pathways. Key words: Nucleosides, NAD, hydrolyzing enzymes, enzyme inhibition, hyperglycemia
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Journal, Baghdad Science. "Efficacy of Saccharomyces cerevesiae on promoting growth in tomato." Baghdad Science Journal 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 841–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.11.2.841-847.
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This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Saccharomyces cerevesiae as a growth promoting agent in tomato. Soaking the seeds in yeast suspension at 5 g/L for 12h increased germination percentage, root length, root fresh and dry weight, plant height, foliage fresh and dry weight, attained 88.5% ; 8.1 cm ; 84.3 mg ; 7.03 mg ; 10.75 cm ; 839 mg and 37.75 mg compared with 80% ; 5.33 cm ; 39 mg ; 4.8 mg ; 7.35 cm ; 608 mg and 25.5 mg in seedlings grown from non treated seeds respectively. Similar results were obtained with seedling from seeds soaked in S. cerevesiae filtrate for 12 hrs. with values of 77.5% ; 6.875 cm ; 91.5 mg ; 7.5 mg ; 9.5 cm ; 777 mg and 40.35 mg compared to 66% ; 5.8 cm ; 57.7 mg ; 5.03 mg ; 5.9 cm ; 493 mg and 27.28 mg in control (non treated seeds) for the same above criteria respectively. Watering the soil together with spraying the foliar parts with S. cerevesiae suspension at 5 and 8 g/L were found to be more effective than watering and spraying the plants separately in plant growth stimulation under plastic house conditions. The leaf contents of chlorophyll attained to 60.4 and 61.17 SPAD unit compared with 50.37 SPAD units in control respectively and leaf area reached to 3124 and 3119 cm2 / plant compared with 1904 cm2 / plant in control for the two concentrations respectively. The treatment induced also an increasing in plant high ; fresh and dry weights which attained 222 cm ; 223.3 cm ; 1485.7 g ; 1489 g ; 340.7 g ; 341.7 compared to 186 cm ; 1169.3 g ; 286 g in control for the two concentrations respectively. Similar increasing in root length , root fresh and dry weight and yields which attained 30.33 cm ; 30.7 cm ; 61 g ; 61.33 g ; 14.33 g ; 14.33 g ; 6.9 kg / plant and 6.95 kg / plant compared to 24.13 cm ; 46 g ; 10 g and 4.22 kg / plant in control , were found. The stimulations of plant growth criteria was found in concomitance with increase of N ; P and K in treated plant leaves which reached 2.293 ; 2.3 ; 0.4007 ; 0.402 ; 0.5506 and 0.5723% compared to 1.458 ; 0.2283 and 0.1226% in control for the two concentrations respectively . In addition increasing in total solid soluble material (TSS), 5.2 and 5.2023% compared to 3.867% in control treatment were observed.
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Остонакулов, Т. Э., and Ш. М. Холмуродов. "Irrigation regime and fertilization rates for vegetable corn varieties in the Samarkand region." Kartofel` i ovoshi, no. 10 (October 7, 2021): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25630/pav.2021.87.81.003.
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Цель исследований – изучить рост, развитие и урожайность сортов сахарной (овощной) кукурузы Шерзод и Замон при различных режимах орошения и нормах удобрений и установить оптимальные параметры режима орошения и нормы удобрений, обеспечивающих получение устойчивого высокого урожая (не менее 8,5–9,0 т/га). Исследования проведены в 2017–2020 годах на орошаемых лугово-сероземных почвах Самаркандской научно-опытной станции Научно-исследовательского института овощебахчевых культур и картофеля. Почвы – среднесуглинистые с залеганием грунтовых вод на глубину 4–5 м. В опытах изучали два режима орошения по предполивной влажности почвы не ниже 65–70 и 70–80% ППВ. В каждом режиме орошения изучали следующие нормы удобрений: 1. N150P120K75, 2. N200P160K100, 3. 30 т/га навоза + N150P120K75, 4. 30 т/га навоза + N200P160K100 кг/га. При режиме орошения по предполивной влажности почвы не ниже 65–70% ППВ проводили шесть поливов по схеме 2–4 с интервалом 18–16–14–12–10–10 дней. Оросительная норма – 5696–5734 м3/га, при этом поливная норма – 827–1185 м3/га. При режиме орошения по предполивной влажности почвы не ниже 70–80% ППВ растения поливали восемь раз по схеме 3–5, то есть в фазах всходов – образования метелки – три раза, а в фазах образования метелки – полной спелости – пять раз, через каждые 15–13–10–9–8–7–7–9 дней с оросительной нормой 5451–5500 м3/га, при поливной норме 536–918 м3/га. Высокий и гарантированный урожай сортов сахарной (овощной) кукурузы Шерзод и Замон (8,6–10 т/га) можно получить при выращивании их при режиме орошения по предполивной влажности почвы не ниже 70–80% ППВ или при 8 поливах по схеме 3–5, то есть в период фазы всходов – образования метелки – 3 поливов, а во второй период в фазах образования метелки – полной спелости – 5 поливов с поливной нормой 536–918 м3/га и совместном внесении органоминеральных удобрений в норме 30 т/га навоза + N200P160K100 кг/га. The purpose of the research is to study the growth, development and yield of varieties of sugar (vegetable) corn Sherzod and Zamon under various irrigation regimes and fertilizer rates and to establish the optimal parameters of the irrigation regime and fertilizer rates that ensure a stable high yield (at least 8.5–9.0 t/ha). The research was carried out in 2017–2020 on irrigated meadow-gray-earth soils of the Samarkand Science and Research Station of Scientific Research Institute of Vegetables Crops, Melons and Potatoes. The soils are medium loamy with the occurrence of groundwater to a depth of 4–5 m. In the experiments, two irrigation modes were studied for pre-irrigation soil moisture not lower than 65–70 and 70–80% PPV. In each irrigation regime, the following fertilizer standards were studied: 1. N150P120K75, 2. N200P160K100, 3. 30 t/ha of manure + N150P120K75, 4. 30 t/ha of manure + N200P160K100 kg/ha. Under the irrigation regime, according to the pre-irrigation soil moisture not lower than 65–70% of the PISM, six irrigations were carried out according to the 2–4 scheme with an interval of 18–16–14–12–10–10 days. The irrigation rate is 5696–5734 m3/ha, while the irrigation rate is 827–1185 m3/ha. Under the irrigation regime for pre-irrigation soil moisture not lower than 70–80% PISM, the plants were watered eight times according to the scheme 3–5, that is, in the phases of germination – panicle formation – three times, and in the phases of panicle formation – full ripeness – five times every 15–13–10–9–8–7–7–9 days with an irrigation norm of 5451–5500 m3/ha, with an irrigation norm of 536–918 m3/ha. A high and guaranteed yield of varieties of sugar (vegetable) corn Sherzod and Zamon (8,6–10 t/ha) can be obtained when growing them under the irrigation regime for pre – irrigation soil moisture not lower than 70–80% PISM or with 8 watering according to the scheme 3–5, that is, during the germination phase – the formation of a panicle –3 watering, and in the second period in the phases of the formation of a panicle – full ripeness – 5 watering with a watering norm of 536–918 m3/ha and joint application organomineral fertilizers in the norm of 30 t/ha of manure + N200P160K100kg/ha.
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Косенко, Мария Александровна. "Новый гибрид моркови столовой Таврида F1." Аграрная Россия, no. 5 (May 22, 2022): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/1999-5636-2022-5-15-17.
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Основное промышленное производство корнеплодных культур сосредоточено в Центральном, Южном и Приволжском федеральных округах России, в которых выращивают около 70 % валового сбора. В 2015 г. в Государственное сортоиспытание был передан новый гибрид моркови столовой Таврида F1 для Центрального региона. В результате испытаний 2016 – 2018 гг. на 4 госсортучастках РФ выявлено, что урожайность гибрида за 3 года сильно колебалась в разных областях испытаний — от 34,7 до 79,9 т/га, что говорит о реакции гибрида на разные уровни технологий на сортоучастках. Средняя урожайность по всем участкам за 3 года составила 53,2 т/га. Наибольшие показатели урожайности гибрида Таврида F1 отмечены в Московской области. Доля стандартной продукции в среднем по областям составила 83,2 %, наибольший показатель отмечен в Брянской области — 94,0 %. По результатам оценки сортообразцов моркови столовой по биохимическим показателям содержание каротина варьировало от 17,4 до 22,8 мг на 100 г сырого вещества, сухого вещества — от 12,0 до 14,2 %, сахара — от 6,9 до 8,7 %. Новый среднеспелый гибрид моркови Таврида F1 имел следующие значения: содержание сухого вещества — 12,0 %, общего сахара — 7,5 %, каротина — до 19,0 мг на 100 г сырого вещества.
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Novotortsev, Vladimir K., Maxim E. Kukushkin, Viktor A. Tafeenko, Dmitry A. Skvortsov, Marina A. Kalinina, Roman V. Timoshenko, Nelly S. Chmelyuk, et al. "Dispirooxindoles Based on 2-Selenoxo-Imidazolidin-4-Ones: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and ROS Generation Ability." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5 (March 5, 2021): 2613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052613.
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A regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of two types of dispiro derivatives of 2-selenoxoimidazolidin-4-ones, differing in the position of the nitrogen atom in the central pyrrolidine ring of the spiro-fused system—namely, 2-selenoxodispiro[imidazolidine-4,3′-pyrrolidine-2′,3″-indoline]-2″,5-diones (5a-h) and 2-senenoxodispiro[imidazolidine-4,3′-pyrrolidine-4′,3″-indoline]-2″,5-diones (6a-m)—were developed based on a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides generated from isatin and sarcosine or formaldehyde and sarcosine to 5-arylidene or 5-indolidene-2-selenoxo-tetrahydro-4H-imidazole-4-ones. Selenium-containing dispiro indolinones generally exhibit cytotoxic activity near to the activity of the corresponding oxygen and sulfur-containing derivatives. Compounds 5b, 5c, and 5e demonstrated considerable in vitro cytotoxicity in the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test (concentration of compounds that caused 50% death of cells (CC50) 7.6–8.7 μM) against the A549 cancer cell line with the VA13/A549 selectivity index 5.2–6.9; some compounds (5 and 6) increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the experiment on A549 and PC3 cells using platinized carbon nanoelectrode. The tests for p53 activation for compounds 5 and 6 on the transcriptional reporter suggest that the investigated compounds can only have an indirect p53-dependent mechanism of action. For the compounds 5b, 6b, and 6l, the ROS generation may be one of the significant mechanisms of their cytotoxic action.
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Rubbert, Christian, Bernd Turowski, and Julian Caspers. "Automatic Alignment of Cranial CT Examinations to the Anterior Commissure/Posterior Commissure (ACPC) Reference Plane for Reliable Interpretation and Quality Assurance." RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 193, no. 01 (June 9, 2020): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1167-8368.
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Alignment of cranial CT scans (cCTs) to a common reference plane simplifies anatomical-landmark-based orientation and eases follow-up assessment of intracranial findings. We developed and open sourced a fully automated system, which aligns cCTs to the Anterior Commissure/Posterior Commissure (ACPC) line and exports the results to the PACS. FMRIB’s Linear Image Registration Tool (FLIRT) with an ACPC-aligned atlas is used in the alignment step. Five mm mean slabs are generated with the top non-air slice as the starting point. For evaluation, 301 trauma cCTs from the CQ500 dataset were processed. In visual comparison with the respective ACPC-aligned atlas, all were successfully aligned. Image quality (IQ) and ease of identification of the central sulcus (CS) were rated on a Likert scale (5 = excellent IQ/immediate CS identification). The median IQ was 4 (range: 2–4) in the original series and 5 (range: 4–5) in the ACPC-aligned series (p < 0.0001). The CS was more easily identified after fatbACPC (original scans: 4 (range: 2–5); ACPC-aligned: 5 (range: 4–5); p < 0.0001). The mean rotation to achieve alignment was |X| = 6.4 ± 5.2° ([–X,+X] = –26.8°–24.2°), |Y| = 2.1 ± 1.7° ([-Y,+Y] = –8.7°–9.8°), and |Z| = 3.1 ± 2.4° ([–Z,+Z] = –14.3°–12.5°). The developed system can robustly and automatically align cCTs to the ACPC line. Degrees of deviation from the ideal alignment could be used for quality assurance. Key Points: Citation Format
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Hamdan, Sinin, Md Rezaur Rahman, Khairul Anwar Mohamad Said, Ana Sakura Zainal Abidin, and Ahmad Fauzi Musib. "Sompoton: Sabah bamboo mouth organ." BioResources 17, no. 3 (July 29, 2022): 5335–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.3.5335-5348.
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This study considered the Sabah traditional bamboo musical instrument, sompoton. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) of sompoton was determined via a Pico oscilloscope. All three sompotons displayed almost similar fundamental frequencies. The individual tubes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 (except tube 7) of sompoton I, II, and III produced the fundamental frequency (in hertz) as 924, 758, 655, 589, 449, 407, 537, as 954, 779, 655, 614, 469, 387, 552, and as 944, 820, 655, 635, 407, 407, and 552, respectively. The averaged frequency obtained from the three sompotons (with the diatonic frequency and note in bracket) was 940.6 (932.3-A5# tube 1), 785.6 (783.9-G5 tube 2), 655 (659.2-E5 tube 3), 612.6 (622.2-D5# tube 4), 547 (554.3-C5# tube 8), 441.6 (440-A4 tube 5), and 400.3 (392-G4 tube 6). The tunings were remarkably similar in the tonal relationships. The pitch of the drone tube (tube 6) repeated an octave higher at tube 2, the intervals of perfect 4th higher at tube 8, and the intervals of perfect 5th higher at tube 4 were always found. The standard deviations of the fundamental pitch from the three sompotons for tube 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 were 15.3, 31.5, 0.0, 9.2, 31.6, 11.5, and 8.7, respectively.
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Lacey, Alexandra M., Justin Gillenwater, Ellen Maniago, Haig A. Yenikomshian, and Warren L. Garner. "535 Intermediate Skin Substitutes Are Unnecessary in Small (< 10% TBSA) Burns." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, Supplement_1 (March 2020): S105—S106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa024.164.
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Abstract Introduction The use of intermediate skin substitutes between debridement and final autografting is routine for many practitioners. Materials such as xenografts and allografts have been promoted to help with wound coverage before autografting. However there is limited data for their use in relatively small burn wounds (< 10% total body surface area, TBSA). In this study, we analyzed the outcomes of one hundred consecutive patients who underwent autografting for burns < 10% TBSA at our ABA verified burn unit in the absence of intermediate skin substitute use. Methods We retrospectively analyzed one hundred patients who underwent split thickness skin graft autografting for burns < 10% TBSA between November 2017 and June 2019. No patients were treated with intermediate skin substitutes. Analysis included basic demographics, comorbidities, TBSA burned, mechanism of burn, time to grafting, if grafting was performed in a single procedure or staged, graft loss (>50% graft failure), and time to complete healing (no further wound care required). Results Twelve patients (12%) had unpredictable graft beds and their procedure was staged. These patients underwent surgical debridement and were dressed in antimicrobial dressing for an average of 5 days before autografting. No patients had intermediate skin substitutes between procedures. Eighty-eight patients (88%) were debrided and grafted in a single stage. In the staged group, there was a 0% rate of graft failure compared to 9.1% rate of graft failure in the primarily grafted group (p=0.004). There was a similar length of stay and time to complete healing in the staged group and primarily grafted group (p=0.496 and p=0.571). There was a significantly shorter time from injury to first procedure between the staged group and the primarily grafted group (8.7 days and 13.5 days, p=0.014). Many of the patients with these small burns were first managed outpatient and then brought in for autografting leading to a longer time from injury to surgery; while the staged group often presented with wounds that appeared infected and required urgent debridement. In the eight instances of graft failure, infection or inadequate debridement was the cause. Seven of these eight cases required further surgical intervention. Conclusions Intermediate skin substitutes are an unnecessary step in grafting small burns. These add only complexity and cost to patient care. Many patients can be debrided and grafted in a single stage. Debridement alone with delayed grafting is a highly effective surgical method when the wound bed is not suitable for immediate grafting. Applicability of Research to Practice The use of intermediate skin substitutes in small burns requires further investigation as this study finds low benefit for this product.
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Adesoye, Taiwo, Chung-Yuan Hu, Amanda Cuddy, Amanda B. Francescatti, Jessica R. Schumacher, Y. Nancy You, Katherine Van Loon, et al. "Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on recurrence risk in stage II colon cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2017): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.4_suppl.533.
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533 Background: Although clinical guidelines recommend consideration of adjuvant chemotherapy in high-risk stage II colon cancer, the impact on recurrence risk and cancer related survival is unclear. Furthermore, among Medicare patients, adjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with improved survival. We examine the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on recurrence risk and overall survival in a diverse cohort. Methods: 6,095 patients who underwent surgery for stage II-III colon cancer (2006-2007) were randomly selected from facilities reporting to the National Cancer Data Base for additional abstraction of tumor information, 5 year recurrence and survival. Death or second cancer within 6 months were excluded. Patients were classified as high or low risk using standard pathologic factors. Multivariate Cox regression with propensity score weighting was performed to compare recurrence risk and overall survival. Results: Of 3,423 patients with stage II colon cancer, 26.9% (n = 883) received chemotherapy compared to 76.2% (n = 1,839) of stage III patients. Among stage II patients, 47.8% (n = 1,636) had at least one high risk feature and 30.8% (n = 481) of these received chemotherapy. Five year recurrence rate in stage II patients was 13% (n = 392), greater in high risk compared to non-high risk patients (13.3% vs 9.3% p < 0.0001) and 24.4% (n = 874) in stage III patients. Chemotherapy did not improve recurrence risk in stage II patients regardless of risk status (High risk: hazard ratio [HR] 1.37; 95% CI 0.96 - 1.97; Non-high risk: HR 1.39; 95% CI 0.91 - 2.11). Chemotherapy was associated with a significant improvement in recurrence risk in stage III patients (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.63 - 0.96). However, chemotherapy was associated with improved overall survival in both high (HR 0.69; 95% CI 0.51 - 0.92) and non-high risk stage II patients (HR 0.76; 95% CI 0.55 - 1.04), and also in stage III patients (HR 0.47; 95% CI 0.41 - 0.54). Conclusions: Adjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with a lower recurrence rate among stage II colon cancer patients. The observed survival benefit associated with chemotherapy is likely attributable to non-oncologic factors such as patient selection. Decision-making regarding chemotherapy use in this cohort should be carefully approached.
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Hedayati, Mohammad T., Sabah Mayahi, Mahdi Fakhar, Tahereh Shokohi, and Mohammad Majidi. "Cryptococcus neoformans isolation from swallow (Hirundo rustica) excreta in Iran." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 53, no. 3 (June 2011): 125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652011000300002.
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Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that can cause cryptococcosis, a life-threatening infection that mainly occurs in immunocompromised patients. The major environmental sources of C. neoformans have been shown to be soil contaminated with avian droppings. In the present study, we evaluated the isolation of C. neoformans from swallow (Hirundo rustica) excreta in two northern cities of Iran. Ninety-seven swallow droppings were evaluated and 498 yeast-like colonies were isolated and identified as Rhodotorula spp. (62.8%), Candida spp. (28.5%)and C. neoformans (8.7%). Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from 5/97 (5.2%) of collected samples. Min-Max colony forming units (CFU) per one gram for the positive samples were 3-10 C. neoformans colonies. The total mean CFU per one gram for the positive samples was 4.8. The results of this study demonstrate that excreta of swallow may harbor different species of potentially pathogenic yeasts, mainly C. neoformans, and may be capable of disseminating these fungi in the environment.
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Sankaramanivel, S., R. Jeyapriya, D. Hemalatha, S. Djody, J. Arunakaran, and N. Srinivasan. "Effect of chromium on vertebrae, femur and calvaria of adult male rats." Human & Experimental Toxicology 25, no. 6 (June 2006): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327105ht627oa.
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Alloys of chromium have a long history of success in the surgical treatment of many orthopaedic defects. Nonetheless, prostheses loosening are commonly found around arthoplasties due to corrosion of metals. On this basis, it is hypothesized that chromium accumulation interferes with remodeling of bone. The present study aims to analyse the toxic effects of chromium on bone phosphatases in various regions of the bone in rats. Rats were treated with chromium intraperitoneally (0.5 mg/kg) in the form of potassium dichromate for 5 days. The accumulation of chromium is approximately 5.2-fold in the vertebrae, 8.9-fold in the femur and 8.7-fold in the calvaria, when compared to control. Chromium administration significantly reduced the activity of enzymes, eg, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The study revealed a significant increase in the concentration of calcium, altered bone formation rate and bone morphology in the femur, vertebrae and calvaria. The interesting findings of the current study suggest altered bone turnover.
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Semina, P. A., and I. V. Gavryushina. "УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ ЗЕРНА КУКУРУЗЫ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ЛИСТОВОЙ ПОДКОРМКИ КОМПЛЕКСНЫМИ УДОБРЕНИЯМИ." Niva Povolzh`ia, no. 4(53) (November 22, 2019): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36461/np.2019.52.3.005.
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В статье представлены результаты исследований по влиянию внекорневой обработки посевов растворами комплексных удобрений с микроэлементами в хелатной форме Азосол 36 Экстра и Акварин 5 на элементы структуры и урожайность зерна раннеспелого и среднераннего гибридов кукурузы на различных уровнях корневого питания. В вариантах без минеральных туков при применении комплексных удобрений в фазу 5 листьев количество зерен в початке возросло на 7,0-9,0, а при двукратной обработке на 8,0-9,9 и большой разницы по гибридам не отмечено. На удобренном агрофоне обработка посевов в фазу пяти листьев кукурузы микроудобрениями позволила увеличить озерненность початка раннеспелого гибрида Ладожский 191 МВ на 7,2-7,5, а двукратное применение повышало озерненность початка на 7,8-8,1. При обработке посевов среднераннего гибрида Азосол 36 Экстра прирост полноценных зерен составил 3,0-3,9, причем большее количество зерен сформировалось при применении микроудобрения в фазу пяти листьев кукурузы. Акварин 5 способствовал увеличению количества зерен в початке на 4,5-5,6, а лучшие результаты получены при двукратном его применении. При внекорневой обработке посевов раннеспелого гибрида комплексными микроэлементными удобрениями в вариантах без минеральных туков масса зерна початка увеличилась на 6,4-11,1 при небольшом преимуществе использования Акварин 5 . Применение Азосол 36 Экстра на посевах гибрида Роналдинио на естественном агрофоне позволило увеличить массу зерна с початка на 8,3-9,7, обработка Акварин 5 на 11,1-13,2, причем большие прибавки получены при двукратном применении хелатированного удобрения. Бинарное применение Азосол 36 Экстра на посевах раннеспелого гибрида Ладожский 191 МВ в условиях улучшенного корневого питания способствовало получению с початка дополнительно 8,2 зерна. Обработка в фазу пяти листьев и двукратное применение Акварин 5 увеличивало массу зерна одного початка на 8,6-8,7. На посевах среднераннего гибрида преимущество было также за микроудобрением Акварин 5 . Применение его в фазу пяти листьев увеличивало массу зерна початка на 9,1, а двукратное использование на 10,1. Азосол 36 Экстра обеспечил меньшие прибавки зерна 5,2-6, 2, причем разница по срокам обработки незначительная. Перспективным для повышения урожайности зерна кукурузы является использование комплексного удобрения с микроэлементами в хелатной форме Акварин 5 в фазу пяти листьев и двойная внекорневая обработка, способствующая увеличению сбора зерна с единицы площади на неудобренном агрофоне на 9,6-12,4, а при улучшении условий корневого питания на 7,7-8,8.The article presents the results of studies on the effect of foliage treatment of crops with solutions of complex fertilizers Azosol 36 Extra and Aquarin 5 with micro-elements in chelate form on the structural elements and grain productuvity of early ripening and medium early maize hybrids at various levels of root nutrition. In the variants without mineral fertilizers, after applying complex fertilizers in the 5-leaf phase, the number of grains in the cob increased by 7.09.0, and after double treatment - by 8.09.9, and there is no big difference in hybrids notably. On the fertilized soil, the treatment of crops in the 5-leaf phase of corn with micronutrient fertilizers allowed to increase the number of grains on the cob of the early ripening hybrid Ladoga 191 MB by 7.2-7.5, and a double application increased the number of grains on cob by 7.8-8.1 When treating the crops of the mid-early hybrid Azosol 36 Extra, the growth of full-fledged grains amounted to 3.0-3.9, and a greater number of grains were formed when microfertilizers were applied in the 5-leaf phase. Aquarin 5 contributed to an increase in the number of grains on the cob by 4.5-5.6, and the best results were obtained with its double use. After foliar treatment of early ripening hybrid crops with complex microelement fertilizers in the variants without solid mineral fertilizer, the weight of corn cobs increased by 6.4-11.1 with a slight advantage of using Aquarin 5.The use of Azosol 36 Extra on the crops of the Ronaldinio hybrid in a natural soil made it possible to increase the weight of grain from the cobs by 8.3-9.7, treatment with Aquarin 5 - by 11.1-13.2, with large increases obtained after the double use of chelated fertilizer. The binary use of Azosol 36 Extra on the crops of the early ripening Ladoga hybrid 191 MV under conditions of improved root nutrition contributed to an additional 8.2 of grain from a cob. Treatment in the 5-leaf phase and the double use of Aquarin 5 increased the weight of the grain of one cob by 8.6-8.7. In the crops of the mid-early hybrid, the advantage was also for the Aquarin 5 microfertilizer. Its use in the 5-leaf phase increased the weight of the cob grain by 9.1, and its double use by 10.1. Azosol 36 Extra provided smaller grain increments - 5.2-6.2, moreover, the difference in treatment time was not significant. A promising way to increase the productivity of corn grain is to use complex fertilizer with microelements in the chelate form Aquarin 5 in the 5-leaf phase and double foliar treatment, which contributes to an increase in grain harvest from a unit area on an unapproved agricultural background by 9.6-12.4, and with the improvement of root nutrition conditions - by 7.7-8.8.
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Mohammed, S. "Utilizing industrial by-products as eco-friendly adsorbent for phosphate removal: An experimental approach." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 877, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/877/1/012050.
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Abstract One of the widely present elements in the groundwater and surface water is phosphate due to two reasons; firstly, it is available at high concentrations in the soil, and secondly, it is widely available in wastewaters (industrial, agricultural and domestic wastewaters). Although phosphate causes many problems to the aquatic environment, eutrophication is the most severe problem due to its effects on water quality, economy, and health. Therefore, a number of studies have been made to evaluate the ability of different remedies to eliminate phosphates from wastewaters. Recently, phosphorus extraction may be achieved by filtering the contaminated solution. However, the cost of filtration materials is still high. Due to this reason, research to date has focused on employing inexpensive materials to reduce the cost of the filtering process. In this research, a by-product of steel manufacturing, kiln bottom ashes, was used to extract phosphates from polluted wastewater, considering the impacts of a number of operating parameters, such as to achieve the best possible extraction efficiency for the lowest possible cost. The findings of this study proved the excellent ability of the bottom ash in the extraction of phosphate from wastewater, where it removed more than 90% of 5 mg/L of phosphate after 40 minutes of treatment using 530 mg/L of bottom ash.
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Swami, Umang, Ben Haaland, Benjamin Louis Maughan, Roberto Nussenzveig, John Esther, Adam Kessel, Sumanta K. Pal, Petros Grivas, and Neeraj Agarwal. "Comparative effectiveness of second-line (2L) single-agent atezolizumab (A), nivolumab (N), and pembrolizumab (P) in patients (Pts) with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (aUC) who progressed on platinum-based systemic chemotherapy (plat-chemo): Results from a real-world dataset." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 5032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.5032.
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5032 Background: Five PD-1/L1 inhibitors (PDi) are approved for 2L therapy (Rx) for aUC after progression on plat-chemo, but none compared with each other in randomized trials. Here, we assessed comparative effectiveness of 2L PDi in real-world setting. Methods: Pt level data of Pts with aUC were extracted from Flatiron Health EHR-derived de-identified database. Inclusion criteria: 1L Rx with plat-chemo; receipt of single agent PDi in 2L; initiation of 2L PDi 6 mos before data-cut off. Exclusion criteria: >90 days from diagnosis to date of next visit to ensure active engagement of Pts with data providing site; initiation of 2L after 7/31/2016 to ensure uptake of PDi for aUC. OS was compared from the date of initiation of 2L Rx. Comparative effectiveness was examined by Cox proportional hazards model, stratified by treatment propensity score. Each Pts’ propensity of receiving each 2L PDi was modeled via a random forest based on Pt and disease characteristics potentially driving Rx selection for a PDi (gender, smoking status, race/ethnicity, relapsed vs de novo disease, time between 1L & 2L Rx, cis vs carboplatin in 1L; year of Rx with PDi & following characteristics before 2L Rx: ECOG, Hb, age, ICD codes for liver or CNS mets, albumin & PD-L1 status when available). Results: 703 Pts with aUC who initiated 2L Rx between 8/1/2016 to 10/31/2019 were eligible. 2L Rx were A (n=322), N (n=127) & P (n=254). Durvalumab & avelumab were excluded due to low utilization in this dataset. Median follow up from 2L initiation was 4.8 mos. Median OS (mos; 95% CI) with A (6.4 mos; 5-8.7), N (8 mos; 6.3-11.3) and P (8.5 mos; 6.1-11.6) were similar (propensity stratified log rank p=0.19; simple log-rank p=0.34). Over time proportion of Pts receiving 2L A decreased, P increased & N increased then decreased (p<0.001). Propensity stratified comparative effectiveness estimates are below. Conclusions: In this real-world cohort of Pts with aUC, OS with 2L Rx with A, N, & P were similar on both univariate and propensity stratified analyses. These results agree with prior trial level meta-analysis (PMID 31200951). Strength of this analysis includes large Pt level data from a real world cohort. Limitations include retrospective nature of this study. [Table: see text]
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Sirotkina, Irina. "Margareta Tillberg, Tsvetnaia vselennaia: Mikhail Matiushin ob iskusstve i zrenii. Transl. from English by D. Dukhavina and M. Iarosh. Moscow: Novoe Literaturnoe Obozrenie, 2008. pp. 512. ISBN 978 5 867 93600 6. No price given (paperback)." British Journal for the History of Science 42, no. 4 (November 26, 2009): 609–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000708740999046x.
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Åkeson, Margaretha, Anne-Marie Jakobsen, Britt-Marie Zetterqvist, Erik Holmberg, Mats Brännström, and György Horvath. "A Population-Based 5-Year Cohort Study Including All Cases of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in Western Sweden: 10-Year Survival and Prognostic Factors." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 19, no. 1 (2009): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/igc.0b013e3181991b13.
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Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the major gynecologic cancer mortality cause in Sweden. The aim of the present study was to investigate the long-term survival and prognostic factors of a complete population-based 5-year cohort of 682 patients with invasive EOC in western Sweden (population around 1.6 million). Data relating to residual tumor after surgery, FIGO stage, grade, histopathologic subtype, ploidy status, adjuvant chemotherapy (the prepaclitaxel period), and disease state (recurrence and death) were reported to a quality register in a prospectively kept database and were controlled against the Swedish National Cancer Registry for completeness. The median follow-up durations for the prospectively collected data in the Cox analysis and for the survival analysis that was made for all patients were 81 months (range, 52-109 months) and 11.7 years (range, 8.7-14.1 years), respectively. No patient was lost to follow-up. The relative 10-year survival rate was 38.4% (95% confidence interval, 34.5%-42.8%). The median relative survival time was 4.3 years (95% confidence interval, 3.6%-5.2%). In the univariate Cox regression analysis, prognostic significances for age, stage, residual tumor, histopathologic subtype of serous cystadenocarcinoma, grade, CA-125, and ploidy status were seen. In the multivariate analysis, age, stage, residual tumor after surgery, and postoperative CA-125 were of prognostic significance. In conclusion, 4 major prognostic factors were found for EOC in this population-based cohort study that also presents nearly accurate long-term survival owing to the nonselective nature and completeness regarding patients and follow-up of the study.
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Andrushko, Yaryna. "Результати адаптації методики вивчення акультурації мігрантів Дж. Беррі на українській вибірці." Insight: the psychological dimensions of society, no. 10 (November 3, 2023): 90–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/2663-970x/2023-10-5.
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У статті висвітлюється сучасний підхід до дослідження акультураційних процесів на прикладі українських вимушених мігрантів. Мета дослідженняполягає в адаптації англомовної версії опитувальника акультурації Дж. Беррі українською мовою.Методи. Переклад методики акультурації з англійської на українську здійснювався за участі двохнезалежних експертів, що допомагали перекладати та оцінювати якість остаточної версії методики. У дослідженні взяло участь 502 респонденти,мігранти з України, які зараз проживають у СШАу зв’язку з війною. Опитування проводилося набазі RedCap. Результати. Кореляційний аналіз дозволив виявити провідні показники, зокрема, найвищими показниками кореляції є “інтегральнийпоказник безпеки” та різновиди безпеки (r=.807;r=.767; r=.787). Установлено показник внутрішньоїузгодженості опитувальника: коефіцієнт Альфа коливається від α=.793 – “соціокультурна дезадаптація” до α=.934 – “інтегральний показник безпеки”і показник ретестової надійності (r=.815; p<.01).Факторним аналізом було виокремлено чотирифактори, зокрема, найсильнішим чинником виявився той, що містить показники стратегій акультурації (маргіналізація, сепарація). У другому факторіоб’єднані рівень депресії, соціокультурна дезадаптація, задоволеність життям та рівень тривоги. Третійфактор містить такі компоненти: культурна безпека,економічна безпека та фізична безпека. Четвертийфактор складається лише з однієї компоненти –задоволеність собою. Конструктна валідність оцінювалася шляхом кореляції показників акультурації зі шкалами інших психодіагностичних методик:показники резильєнтності та стресостійкості утворюють причинно-наслідкові зв’язки з показниками акультурації. Дискусія і висновки. Підсумовуючи результати адаптації методики акультураціїДж. Беррі, важливо відзначити, що україномовнаадаптована версія цієї методики демонструє високіпсихометричні характеристики, такі як валідністьта надійність. Це робить її використання можливиму майбутніх дослідженнях акультураційних процесів серед українських мігрантів.
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Bashev, V. F., N. A. Kutseva, O. I. Kushnerov, S. I. Ryabtsev, O. V. Yelina, and O. O. Veres. "The effect of Bi additives on the properties of Fe-Pt films." Journal of Physics and Electronics 27, no. 2 (December 27, 2019): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/331922.
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Using the modernized three-electrode ion-plasma sputtering method, homogeneous thin films of FePt and Fe (Pt/Bi) were obtained. Films were deposited on NaCl and glass-ceramic substrates. The film thickness was 120-530 nm. In this case, the calculated cooling rate reached ~ 1012–1014 K/s. The structure of the FePt and Fe (Pt/Bi) films was investigated using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy methods. It was established that metastable phases were formed in freshly sputtered films, including a supersaturated solid solution, a nanocrystalline and amorphous phases. It was determined that the obtained metastable structures are stable when heated to 540-880 K, depending on the composition. It was established that Bi additives significantly reduce the coercive force of films in the as-sputtered state. It was shown that a heat treatment increased the coercive force up to 36 kA/m in FePt films and up to 10 kA/m in Fe (Pt/Bi) films. The composition of Fe (Pt/Bi) films with a small value of the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR ~3·10-5 K-1) was determined.
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Landrø, Martin, Jan Langhammer, and James Martin. "Damping of secondary bubble oscillations for towed air guns with a screen." GEOPHYSICS 62, no. 2 (March 1997): 533–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444163.
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A method for damping unwanted bubble oscillations from a horizontally towed seismic air gun is presented. The air bubble is destroyed by a perforated screen mounted at an optimal radius about the gun. Once the primary pressure peak has been generated by the emerging bubble, the bubble continues to expand and is destroyed by the screen, leading to a corresponding decrease in the measured pressure amplitude of the secondary bubble oscillations. For a stationary gun fired first without, and then with, the screen fitted, the primary‐to‐ bubble ratio improves in the near field from 1.7 to 5.2, respectively, at a firing depth of 3 m and from 1.5 to 5.5, respectively, at 5 m depth. The primary‐to‐bubble ratio for a towed air gun in the quasi‐far‐field improves from 2.0 to 11.0 at 4 m depth and from 1.5 to 8.7 at 7 m depth when the screen is fitted. The boat speed was 1.6 knots and the signatures were filtered with an out‐128 Hz (72 dB/Oct) DFS V filter.
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Ortega-Morales, Aldo I., Luis M. Hernández-Triana, and Quetzaly K. Siller-Rodríguez. "The Mosquitoes of Querétaro, Mexico: Distribution, Ecology, and Discovery of Shannoniana huasteca n. sp. (Diptera: Culicidae)." Diversity 15, no. 6 (May 23, 2023): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15060697.
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In order to document the diversity and distribution of mosquitoes inhabiting the Querétaro State of México, collection trips were conducted in all physiographic regions and sub-regions of the state (Sierra Madre Oriental, Central Plateau, and Neo-Volcanic Axis). In addition, mosquito specimens collected in Querétaro and deposited in the Collection of Arthropods of Medical Importance (CAIM) were re-examined. A total of 2718 specimens (570 larvae, 384 larval exuviae, 537 pupal exuviae, 30 pupae, 807 females, 368 males, and 22 male genitalia) were analyzed. In total, 2 subfamilies, namely Anophelinae and Culicinae, 5 tribes, 12 genera, 20 subgenera, and 50 species were found. Of these, 3 tribes, 8 genera, 11 subgenera, and 33 species are new records for the mosquito fauna of Querétaro. Two undescribed species were found, and one of them, Shannoniana huasteca Ortega n. sp., is described here using morphology and Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) DNA barcoding. Taxonomic notes, new distribution limits, comments about the medical importance of species, and a key to identify adult females of Shannoniana species are provided.
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Park, Wan-Goo, Su-Young Choi, Jin-Sang Park, Dong-Bum Kim, Xing-Yang He, and Sang-Keun Oh. "Analysis on the Effects of External Temperature and Welding Speed on the Safety of EVA Waterproofing Sheet Joints by Hot Air Welding." Materials 13, no. 23 (December 7, 2020): 5586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13235586.
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This study analyzes the optimal seasonal ambient temperature during welding and welding speed conditions for securing high tensile strength of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) waterproofing sheets bonded for roofing, installed by hot air welded joints (overlaps). Seven separate ambient temperature conditions (−10, −5, and 0 °C for winter conditions, 20 °C for the normal condition, and 25, 30, and 35 °C for summer conditions) were set for the test variable and seven speed conditions (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 m/min) for hot air welding. Based on these conditions, EVA sheet joint specimens were prepared, and the tensile strength of the joint sections was tested and measured. Tensile strength results, compared to normal temperature conditions (20 °C) showed an increase in the summer temperature condition but a decrease during winter temperature conditions. The analysis on the effects of the welding speed showed that in summer temperature conditions (25, 30, and 35 °C), the optimum hot air welding speed is 4.3~9.0 m/min at 25 °C, 4.7~8.7 m/min at 30 °C and 5.2~8.6 m/min at 35 °C, whereas in winter (−10, −5, and 0 °C), the optimum hot air welding temperature is 3~4.1 m/min at −10 °C, 3~4.6 m/min at −5 °C and 3~4.9 m/min at 0 °C. Research results demonstrate that it is imperative to consider the welding speed in accordance to the respective seasonal temperature conditions to secure construction quality of the EVA joints for roofing.
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Søgaard, Kirstine Kobberøe, Dóra Körmendiné Farkas, and Henrik Toft Sørensen. "Pneumonia diagnosis in childhood and incidence of leukaemia, lymphoma and brain cancer: a Danish nationwide cohort study." BMJ Open 7, no. 12 (December 2017): e019860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019860.
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ObjectivesThere is an ongoing debate on the possible association between infections in early childhood and subsequent cancer risk, but it remains unclear if a hospital admission for infection is associated with risk of childhood cancer diagnosis. We examined if a hospital-based diagnosis of pneumonia was a clinical marker of the three most common childhood cancers.DesignPopulation-based cohort study.SettingDenmark, hospital diagnoses, 1994–2013.MethodsUsing national health registries, we compared the observed incidence of leukaemia, lymphoma and brain cancer among 83 935 children with a hospital-based pneumonia diagnosis with that expected among children in the general population. We calculated absolute cancer risks and standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) as a measure of relative risk.ResultsThe cancer SIRs were substantially increased during the first 6 months of follow-up; lymphoid leukaemia: 6.2 (95% CI 3.5 to 10.3); myeloid leukaemia: 14.8 (95% CI 6.0 to 30.6); Hodgkin’s lymphoma: 60.8 (95% CI 26.2 to 120), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: 15.9 (95% CI 5.2 to 37.2) and brain cancer: 4.4 (95% CI 1.9 to 8.7). The 6-month absolute risks of leukaemia, lymphoma and brain cancer were all low, reaching 0.05% when combined. An increased risk persisted beyond 5 years for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and brain cancer. However, the 5-year absolute cancer risk was 0.14%.ConclusionsThe short-term incidence of leukaemia, lymphoma and brain cancer was higher than expected and persisted beyond 5 years for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and brain cancer. However, the absolute cancer risk was low.
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Regierer, A., A. Weiß, M. Bohl-Buehler, X. Baraliakos, F. Behrens, G. Schett, and A. Strangfeld. "OP0225 DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN PSA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS FROM THE NATIONAL GERMAN RABBIT-SPA REGISTRY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 135.2–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2130.
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Background:Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the musculoskeletal system as well as skin and nails. The prevalence of depression in psoriasis and PsA is high and ranges from 7-40% [1]. Persistent depressive mood may influence disease activity outcome in PsA, especially patient-reported outcomes.Objectives:To assess the correlation of depressive symptoms with PsA-specific outcome parameters.Methods:RABBIT-SpA is a prospective longitudinal cohort study including PsA patients enrolled at start of a new conventional treatment or b/tsDMARD treatment. In regularly provided follow-up questionnaires, physician- and patient-reported information on the disease course including the depression screening tool WHO-5 to assess mental health is collected. For the current analysis, the WHO-5 score was categorised into 4 groups using validated cut-offs: severe depressive symptoms <13, moderate depressive symptoms 13-28, mild depressive symptoms 29-50, well-being >50. Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated to analyse the relationship between the WHO-5 score and various PsA related outcome parameters.Results:936 PsA patients were included. Baseline characteristics are shown in Table 1. In 411 patients (43.9%) the WHO-5 score indicated well-being, 249 (26.6%) had mild depressive, 203 (21.7%) moderate depressive and 73 patients (7.8%) severe depressive symptoms. WHO-5 results correlated with patient reported skin involvement (DLQI: -0.25, patient assessment skin: -0.17), and the composite scores DAPSA (-0.33) and DAS28 (-0.28) as well as with patient reported pain (-0.43) and patient global disease assessment (-0.42). The highest correlation was found for physician assessed global health status (-0.51) and PSAID (-0.62). No significant correlation was found with CRP, swollen joint count and physician assessed skin involvement including body surface area (BSA).Table 1.Baseline characteristics of patients included in the analysis stratified by WHO-5 categories.ParameterWHO-5 (<13) severeN=73WHO-5 (13-28) moderateN=203WHO-5 (29-50) mildN=249WHO-5 (>50) well-beingN=411TotalN=936Age, mean (SD)52.6 (11.4)51 (11.3)51.4 (12.5)52.8 (12.7)52 (12.2)Female, n (%)52 (71.2)127 (62.6)157 (63.1)227 (55.2)563 (60.1)Disease duration, years, mean (SD)8.3 (8.7)6 (7.9)6.2 (6.7)6.4 (7.5)6.4 (7.5)Dactylitis, n (%)14 (19.7)31 (15.5)46 (18.5)77 (18.8)168 (18.1)Axial involvement, n (%)14 (19.7)54 (26.9)49 (19.7)71 (17.3)188 (20.2)Nail involvement, n (%)34 (47.2)85 (42.3)106 (42.6)158 (38.6)383 (41.1)BMI>=30, n (%)37 (51.4)75 (37.1)98 (39.5)125 (30.9)335 (36.2)CRP of >=5 mg/L, n (%)33 (51.6)84 (45.4)99 (46.5)138 (39.1)354 (43.4)BSA (0-100), mean (SD)10.1 (18.3)9.5 (16.8)8.5 (14.9)8.1 (14.6)8.7 (15.5)Physician assessed global health (NRS 0-10), mean (SD)6.3 (1.5)5.6 (1.8)5.2 (1.7)4.9 (1.9)5.2 (1.9)TJC68, mean (SD)9.9 (7.1)8.6 (7.6)8.2 (7.6)7.3 (8.2)8 (7.8)SJC66, mean (SD)6 (5.2)4.8 (4.9)4.7 (4.4)4.3 (3.8)4.6 (4.4)DAPSA, mean (SD)29.3 (11.1)25.1 (12.9)23.4 (12.1)18.9 (12.4)22.3 (12.8)DAS28-CRP, mean (SD)4.1 (1)3.8 (1.2)3.7 (1.1)3.2 (1.1)3.6 (1.2)Patient assessed global health (NRS 0-10), mean (SD)7.9 (2.1)6.6 (2.1)5.9 (2)4.8 (2.3)5.7 (2.4)Patient assessed pain (NRS 0-10), mean (SD)7.8 (1.8)6.4 (2.1)5.8 (2)4.6 (2.4)5.5 (2.4)DLQI (0-30), mean (SD)8.5 (8.2)7.8 (7.2)5.4 (5.7)4.1 (4.9)5.6 (6.2)PSAID (0-10), mean (SD)6.9 (1.8)5.5 (1.8)4.4 (1.7)3 (1.7)4.2 (2.2)Conclusion:The impact of depressive symptoms on outcome parameters used in rheumatology is increasingly being recognised. Interestingly, direct measures of inflammatory disease activity of joint and skin disease such as BSA, CRP, and swollen joint count were not correlated with depressive symptoms. The highest correlation was found for broader assessments like global health status and PSAID.References:[1]Haugeberg et al. Arthritis research & Therapy, 2020, 22:198Acknowledgements:RABBIT-SpA is supported by a joint, unconditional grant from AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Hexal, Janssen-Cilag, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Viatris.We thank all participating rheumatologists and patients.Disclosure of Interests:Anne Regierer Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Hexal, Janssen-Cilag, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Viatris., Anja Weiß Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Hexal, Janssen-Cilag, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Viatris., Martin Bohl-Buehler: None declared, Xenofon Baraliakos: None declared, Frank Behrens: None declared, Georg Schett: None declared, Anja Strangfeld Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Hexal, Janssen-Cilag, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Viatris.
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Menon, Suresh, Feng Zhu, Afsaneh Shirani, Joel Oger, Mark S. Freedman, and Helen Tremlett. "Disability progression in aggressive multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 23, no. 3 (July 11, 2016): 456–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458516653273.
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Objective: To examine disease progression in ‘aggressive’ multiple sclerosis (MS), British Columbia, Canada (1980–2009). Methods: Aggressive (or ‘malignant’) MS was defined as Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ⩾6 within 5 years from onset. The first EDSS ⩾6 was termed ‘baseline’. Within 2, 3 and 5 years post-baseline, patients were categorized as follows: ‘worsened’ or ‘improved’, relative to baseline EDSS (the remainder exhibited no change or had no new scores). The associations between patient characteristics (sex, relapsing onset/primary progressive, onset age, onset symptoms, disease duration, cumulative prior relapses and baseline EDSS) and worsening in disability were examined longitudinally using logistic regression. Results: Of the 225/4341 (5.2%) aggressive/malignant MS patients, 134 (59.6%) were female, 167 (74.2%) were relapsing onset, 94 (41.8%) had received disease-modifying drugs at some point and the mean follow-up was 8.7 years. The proportion of patients who ‘worsened’ increased from 40.4% to 57.8%, while those who ‘improved’ varied little (range, 8.9%–10.2%). The odds of worsening increased with disease duration (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.22–1.52) and the presence of primary progressive (vs relapsing-onset) MS (AOR = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.01–3.38). Conclusion: Apart from disease duration and a primary progressive course, no clinically useful associations of subsequent disease worsening in patients with aggressive/malignant MS were identified.
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Han, Misop, Sean O. Hogan, Eric Holmboe, Yuezhou Jing, Kenji Yamazaki, and Bruce J. Trock. "Trends in Industry Payments to Physicians in the First 6 Years After Graduate Medical Training." JAMA Network Open 5, no. 10 (October 19, 2022): e2237574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.37574.
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ImportanceFinancial incentives and conflicts of interest may influence physician decision-making. It is important to understand financial interactions between the pharmaceutical and medical device industries and newly independent physicians who have recently completed their graduate medical education using a national transparency program.ObjectiveTo identify trends in industry payments to recent graduates of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited residency or fellowship programs in orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, and internal medicine.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed Open Payments reports of industry payments made between July 1, 2015, and June 30, 2021, to newly independent physicians from residency or fellowship programs in neurosurgery, orthopedic surgery, and internal medicine who graduated between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019.ExposuresSpecialties (neurosurgery and orthopedic surgery, with internal medicine as a comparison group).Main Outcomes and MeasuresIndustry payments to newly independent physicians, including any general payments (noninvestment or nonresearch) and at least $5000 of general payments in aggregate value per year, which are considered significant financial conflicts of interest. The percentage of newly independent physicians accepting general payments during the first 6 years after graduation was analyzed by specialty and sex using cumulative incidence curves and hazard ratios (HRs) in univariable and multivariable analyses.ResultsThere were 45 745 recent graduates (28 137 men [62%]; median age at graduation, 33.0 [IQR, 31.0-35.0 years]) in neurosurgery (n = 595), orthopedic surgery (n = 3481), and internal medicine (n = 41 669). In the first 2 years of independent practice, 95% (n = 3297), 92% (n = 546), and 59% (n = 24 522) of newly independent physicians in orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, and internal medicine, respectively, accepted any general payments. A higher percentage of the newly independent physicians in orthopedic surgery and neurosurgery accepted any general payments (orthopedic surgery vs internal medicine: HR, 5.36 [95% CI, 4.42-6.51] for women and 7.01 [95% CI, 6.35-7.73] for men; neurosurgery vs internal medicine: HR, 3.25 [95% CI, 2.24-4.72] for women and 4.08 [95% CI, 3.37-4.94] for men; P = .03). A higher percentage of male physicians compared with female physicians accepted any general payments (orthopedic surgery, 2884 of 3026 [95%] vs 413 of 455 [91%]; P &lt; .001; neurosurgery, 466 of 502 [93%] vs 80 of 93 [86%]; P = .01; and internal medicine, 15 462 of 24 609 [63%] vs 9043 of 17 034 [53%]; P &lt; .001) and at least $5000 of general payments (orthopedic surgery, 763 of 3026 [25%] vs 71 of 455 [16%]; P &lt; .001; neurosurgery, 87 of 502 [17%] vs 5 of 93 [5%%]; P &lt; .001; and internal medicine, 882 of 24 609 [4%] vs 210 of 17 034 [1%]; P &lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of newly independent physicians in orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, and internal medicine, the financial relationship with potential conflicts of interest between newly independent physicians and industry began to develop soon after training programs and continued to expand in the early years of newly independent physician practice. Newly independent physicians in surgical specialties and male physicians accepted significantly higher industry payments. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether modifiable factors are associated with the future outcome of newly independent physicians accepting general payments.
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Wang, Yucai, Umar Farooq, Brian K. Link, Melissa C. Larson, Rebecca L. King, Matthew J. Maurer, Cristine Allmer, et al. "Late Relapses in Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated With Immunochemotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 21 (July 20, 2019): 1819–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.19.00014.
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PURPOSE In patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), most relapses occur within the first 2 years of diagnosis. We sought to define the rate and outcome of late relapses that occurred after achieving event-free survival at 24 months (EFS24). METHODS We prospectively followed 1,324 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL from 2002 to 2015 and treated with immunochemotherapy. Cumulative incidences of late DLBCL and indolent lymphoma relapses were analyzed as competing events. Postrelapse survival was defined as time from first relapse to death from any cause. RESULTS In 847 patients who achieved EFS24, the cumulative incidence of late relapse was 6.9% at 3 years, 9.3% at 5 years, and 10.3% at 8 years after EFS24. The incidence of DLBCL relapse was similar in patients with DLBCL alone at diagnosis (6.3% at 5 years), compared with patients with concurrent indolent lymphoma at diagnosis (5.2%; P = .46). However, the rate of indolent lymphoma relapse was higher in patients with concurrent indolent lymphoma (7.4% v 2.1% at 5 years; P < .01). In patients with DLBCL alone, the rate of DLBCL relapse was similar in the germinal center B-cell–like (GCB) (4.1% at 5 years) and non-GCB (4.0%; P = .71) subtypes, whereas the rate of indolent lymphoma relapse was higher in patients with the GCB subtype (3.9% v 0.0% at 5 years; P = .02). Postrelapse survival was inferior for patients who relapsed with DLBCL than for those who relapsed with indolent lymphoma (median 29.9 months v unreached; P < .01). CONCLUSION Patients with DLBCL with a concurrent indolent lymphoma and those with the GCB subtype had a higher rate of late relapse, owing to increased relapses with indolent lymphoma. Patients who relapsed with DLBCL had a worse prognosis than those who relapsed with indolent lymphoma.
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Zhang, Lei, Bin Yao, Congli Sun, Shanshan Shi, Wangwang Xu, and Kangning Zhao. "Sulfur-Deficient Porous SnS2−x Microflowers as Superior Anode for Alkaline Ion Batteries." Materials 13, no. 2 (January 17, 2020): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13020443.
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SnS2 as a high energy anode material has attracted extensive research interest recently. However, the fast capacity decay and low rate performance in alkaline-ion batteries associated with repeated volume variation and low electrical conductivity plague them from practical application. Herein, we propose a facile method to solve this problem by synthesizing porous SnS2 microflowers with in-situ formed sulfur vacancies. The flexible porous nanosheets in the three-dimensional flower-like nanostructure provide facile strain relaxation to avoid stress concentration during the volume changes. Rich sulfur vacancies and porous structure enable the fast and efficient electron transport. The porous SnS2−x microflowers exhibit outstanding performance for lithium ion battery in terms of high capacity (1375 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1) and outstanding rate capability (827 mA h g−1 at high rate of 2 A g−1). For sodium ion battery, a high capacity (~522 mAh g−1) can be achieved at 5 A g−1 after 200 cycles for SnS2−x microflowers. The rational design in nanostructures, as well as the chemical compositions, might create new opportunities in designing the new architecture for highly efficient energy storage devices.