Journal articles on the topic '5 Rs of radiobiology'
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1
Brown, J. Martin, David J. Carlson, and David J. Brenner. "The Tumor Radiobiology of SRS and SBRT: Are More Than the 5 Rs Involved?" International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 88, no. 2 (February 2014): 254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.07.022.
2
Roberts, C., and C. Paterson. "An Exploration of the Rs of Radiobiology in Prostate Cancer." Seminars in Oncology Nursing 36, no. 4 (August 2020): 151054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2020.151054.
3
Joiner, M. "SP-0663 The 4 Rs of radiobiology revisited in hypofractionated radiotherapy." Radiotherapy and Oncology 161 (August 2021): S533—S534. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08647-3.
4
Fajardo, Luis. "Radiobiology in clinical radiation therapy—Part IV: Radiobiology normal tissue pathology." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 42, no. 1 (January 1998): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3016(98)80079-5.
5
Kolomiytseva, I. K., A. I. Gritsuk, and O. S. Logvinovich. "It is time to change the paradigms in radiobiology." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 2 (June 28, 2008): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2008-5-2-5.
Abstract:
In the review there are main radiobiological concepts analyzed, and some details of low radiation action on the organism discussed. The transfer of high-dose radiation mechanisms of action on the low-dose radiation is seemed to be incorrect. The ways of low-dose radiobiology problems are discussed.
6
Blyth, Benjamin J., Aidan J. Cole, Michael P. MacManus, and Olga A. Martin. "Radiation therapy-induced metastasis: radiobiology and clinical implications." Clinical & Experimental Metastasis 35, no. 4 (November 20, 2017): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10585-017-9867-5.
7
Board, Editorial. "NORMAL AND CANCER STEM CELLS: DISCOVERY, DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE." Experimental Oncology 39, no. 3 (September 22, 2017): 234–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31768/2312-8852.2017.39(3):234-256.
Abstract:
NORMAL AND CANCER STEM CELLS: DISCOVERY, DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv October 5–6, 2017
8
Pawelke, J., M. Baumann, E. Beyreuther, T. Burris-Mog, T. Cowan, Y. Dammene, W. Enghardt, et al. "563 speaker LASER DRIVEN ACCELERATORS FOR RADIOBIOLOGY EXPERIMENT." Radiotherapy and Oncology 99 (May 2011): S230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(11)70685-5.
9
Kobayashi, Katsumi, Noriko Usami, Hiroshi Maezawa, Tohru Hayashi, Kotaro Hieda, and Kaoru Takakura. "Development of photon microbeam irradiation system for radiobiology." International Congress Series 1258 (November 2003): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0531-5131(03)01213-5.
10
Klement, Rainer J. "The influence of ketogenic therapy on the 5 R’s of radiobiology." International Journal of Radiation Biology 95, no. 4 (October 9, 2017): 394–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2017.1380330.
11
Ilić, Radomir. "Dielectric track detectors in radiation physics and radiobiology experiments." International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 20, no. 2 (April 1992): 390–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1359-0189(92)90073-5.
12
Vasin, M. V., I. E. Esaulenko, V. G. Kukes, V. I. Petrov, I. B. Ushakov, and A. L. Khokhlov. "OBITUARY FOR YURI N. CHERNOV 5 Nov 1937 – 1 Jan 2021." Pharmacy & Pharmacology 9, no. 1 (June 23, 2021): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/2307-9266-2021-9-1-98-100.
Abstract:
On January 1, 2021, Yuri N.Chernov, Doctor of Sciences (Mediсine), Professor, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Academician of the International Human Academy in Aerospace Systems, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, passed away. Yuri N.Chernov was Honorary Doctor of the State Research and TestInstitute of Military Medicine ofRF Ministry of Defense,a specialist in the field of clinical pharmacology and aerospace radiobiology, Honorary Professor of Voronezh State Medical University n. a. N.N. Burdenko.
13
Ollevier, Thierry, Jean-Emmanuel Bouchard, Valerie Desyroy, and Christian Tessier. "(RS,RS)-5-[Hydroxy(4-methylphenyl)methyl]furan-2(5H)-one." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 11 (October 12, 2007): o4298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536807048817.
Abstract:
The crystal structure of the racemic title compound, C12H12O3, allowed the determination of the relative configuration at the two stereogenic centers. For the R,R isomer, the O—C—C—O and C—C—C—C torsion angles around the bond between the two methine C atoms are 62.38 (15) and −175.49 (13)°, respectively. The furan and tolyl groups are almost perpendicular, with a dihedral angle of 79.39 (5)°. Strong and linear intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonding (H...O = 2.04 Å and O—H...O = 177°) is observed between the hydroxyl group and the C=O oxygen.
14
Blakely, E. A. "23: Ion Beam Radiobiology: From the Lab to the Clinic." Radiotherapy and Oncology 110 (February 2014): S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(15)34044-5.
15
Miller, Dave P., Valentina I. Petkov, and Steven Shak. "The performance of the 21-gene assay standard cutpoints of 18 and 31 in HR+, HER2- invasive breast cancer (BC), while waiting for TAILORx mid-range recurrence score results." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.537.
Abstract:
537 Background: The Recurrence Score (RS) was shown in NSABP B-20 to predict chemotherapy (CT) benefit for RS ≥31 and no CT benefit for RS <18. The TAILORx results for RS <11 (NEJM 2015) reported excellent outcomes with no opportunity for CT to add additional benefit. As we await TAILORx results for RS 11-25, we characterized BC specific mortality (BCSM) for RS groups (cutoffs of 11, 18, 25, and 31) in the population-based SEER study of pts treated based on RS. Methods: RS results were provided to SEER registries per their methods (npj Breast Cancer 2016). Pts diagnosed (Jan 2004 - Dec 2012) with N0 HR+ HER2- negative BC, and no prior malignancy were eligible. BCSM estimates by CT use were computed using standard cutpoints of 18 and 31 and TAILORx cutpoints of 11 and 25. Results: Among 49,681 with a RS, 9,486 (19%) had RS <11, 17,988 (36%) had RS 11-17, 14,541 (29%) had RS 18-25, 3,805 (8%) had RS 26-30, and 3,861 (8%) had RS ≥31. Reported CT use and 5-y BCSM increased with increasing RS. For pts with both RS <11 and RS 11-17, CT use was uncommon and 5-y BCSM was low regardless of CT use. For pts with RS 18-25, CT use was more common and the 5-y BCSM was about 1% regardless of CT use. For pts with RS of 26-30 or ≥31, CT was common, and lower 5-y BCSM was observed with CT reported yes than with CT reported no or unknown. Conclusions: Pts in real-world clinical practice with RS <11, consistent with TAILORx, and pts with RS 11-17 have low 5-y BCSM with limited CT use, supporting hormonal therapy alone for pts with RS <18. The high end of the TAILORx mid-range (18-25) also showed good 5-y BCSM both with and without CT, highlighting the importance of the randomized results of TAILORx. [Table: see text]
16
Conte, Valeria, Anna Bianchi, and Anna Selva. "Track Structure of Light Ions: The Link to Radiobiology." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 6 (March 18, 2023): 5826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065826.
Abstract:
It is generally recognized that the biological response to irradiation by light ions is initiated by complex damages at the DNA level. In turn, the occurrence of complex DNA damages is related to spatial and temporal distribution of ionization and excitation events, i.e., the particle track structure. It is the aim of the present study to investigate the correlation between the distribution of ionizations at the nanometric scale and the probability to induce biological damage. By means of Monte Carlo track structure simulations, the mean ionization yield M1 and the cumulative probabilities F1, F2, and F3 of at least one, two and three ionizations, respectively, were calculated in spherical volumes of water-equivalent diameters equal to 1, 2, 5 and 10 nm. When plotted as a function of M1, the quantities F1, F2 and F3 are distributed along almost unique curves, largely independent of particle type and velocity. However, the shape of the curves depends on the size of the sensitive volume. When the site size is 1 nm, biological cross sections are strongly correlated to combined probabilities of F2 and F3 calculated in the spherical volume, and the proportionality factor is the saturation value of biological cross sections.
17
Komrokji, Rami S., John Barnard, David P. Steensma, Amy E. DeZern, Gail J. Roboz, Najla Alali, Jaime Fensterl, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, and Mikkael A. Sekeres. "Ring Sideroblasts and SF3B1 Mutations in Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS): Are They Two Faces of the Same Coin? a Study on Behalf of the MDS Clinical Research Consortium (MDS CRC)." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 4321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.4321.4321.
Abstract:
Abstract Introduction Recurrent somatic mutations in SF3B1, a gene encoding a spliceosome component, have been identified in patients (pts) with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). SF3B1 mutations (MT) are more commonly detected in pts with ring sideroblast (RS) morphology and are associated with favorable outcome. The proposed 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) MDS classification categorizes pts with >5% RS and SF3B1 MT as MDS with RS, in contrast to prior WHO classifications which required ≥15% RS regardless of genotype. In this study, we explored the prognostic value of RS and SF3B1 MT and assessed the validity of the new proposal. Methods We identified 471 pts with MDS and known SF3B1 mutational status from MDS CRC institutions. RS were assessed as present or absent (RS +/-) based on bone marrow aspirate reports (n=157); in cases where quantitative data on RS% were available (n=41), pts were grouped in the 5-15% RS group or > 15% RS group. Survival was calculated from time of diagnosis. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios for overall survival (OS) and AML free survival (AFS), which was defined as time to death or AML transformation, respectively. Chi-squared and Wilcoxon tests were used to test for differences in categorical and continuous distributions, respectively. Results: Among 471 pts with known SF3B1 mutational status, 76 (16%) had MT. Pts with MT had lower-risk International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) scores compared to SF3B1 wild-type (WT; 79% vs 57%, p < .001). Among pts with MT, 50% had RS + compared to 19% RS + in the WT group (p < .001). MT were independently associated with better OS (HR 0.48, p= .001) and longer AFS (HR 0.5, p <.005) after adjusting for age and IPSS. We compared outcomes of four groups: WT/RS-, MT/RS-, WT/RS+, and MT/ RS +. Adjusting for age and IPSS, pts with MT/RS + had the best outcome, with hazard ratios for AFS of 4.2 for WT/RS- vs. MT/RS+ (p =.018), 4.1 for MT/RS- vs. MT/RS+ (p =.045), and 5.1 for WT/RS+ vs. MT/RS+ (p= .01). We compared 7 pts with 5-15% RS to 22 pts with >15% RS. Among patients with RS 5-15%, 4/7 pts (57%) were classified as MDS with excess blasts compared to 24% for those RS >15% (p=.09). Pts with 5-15% RS were more likely to be thrombocytopenic (5/7, 71%) compared to >15% RS (29%, p=.04). One patient (14%) with 5-15% RS had MT compared to 12 (55%) pts with > 15% RS, p= .06. In Cox regression analysis using the RS 5-15% group as the reference, the hazard ratio for RS > 15% for AFS was 0.26 (p = .034) and the hazard ratio for MT for AFS was 0.08 (p= .002). Conclusions SF3B1 somatic mutations in MDS are commonly associated with RS, better OS and longer AML-free survival. Patients with RS and MT had a significantly better outcome than those with either isolated RS or MT, or neither. These data support incorporation of SF3B1 mutation status into the WHO classification regardless of RS percent, though with differentiation for those with RS and MT. Disclosures Komrokji: Novartis: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Incyte: Consultancy; Boehringer-Ingelheim: Research Funding. Roboz:Cellectis: Research Funding; Agios, Amgen, Amphivena, Astex, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celator, Celgene, Genoptix, Janssen, Juno, MEI Pharma, MedImmune, Novartis, Onconova, Pfizer, Roche/Genentech, Sunesis, Teva: Consultancy.
18
Wang, Jui-Ling, Yu-Siang Chen, Kuo-Chin Huang, Chin-Hsing Yeh, Miles Chih-Ming Chen, Lawrence Shih-Hsin Wu, and Yi-Han Chiu. "Resistant Starch-Encapsulated Probiotics Attenuate Colorectal Cancer Cachexia and 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Microbial Dysbiosis." Biomedicines 12, no. 7 (June 28, 2024): 1450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12071450.
Abstract:
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is commonly used as the primary chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it can lead to unwanted chemoresistance. Resistant starch (RS), which functions similarly to fermentable dietary fiber, has the potential to reduce the risk of CRC. The effects of RS on improving CRC-associated cachectic symptoms and 5-FU chemotherapy-induced microbial dysbiosis remain unknown. Female BALB/cByJNarl mice were randomly divided into four groups: one tumor group (with CT26 colonic carcinoma but no treatment) and three CT26 colonic carcinoma-bearing groups that were administered 20 mg/kg 5-FU (T+5-FU group), a probiotic cocktail (4 × 108 CFUs) plus chemotherapy (T+5-FU+Pro), or resistant-starch-encapsulated probiotics plus chemotherapy (T+5-FU+RS-Pro). T+5-FU and T+5-FU+RS-Pro administration significantly suppressed tumor growth and activated apoptotic cell death in CT26-bearing mice. 5-FU-induced increases in inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB signaling were mitigated by the Pro or RS-Pro supplementation. A gut microbial composition comparison indicated that the abundance of intestinal bacteria in the T and T+5-FU groups decreased significantly, while the groups receiving Pro or RS-Pro maintained a greater abundance and healthy gut microbiota composition, suggesting that RS can reduce the microbial dysbiosis that occurs during 5-FU chemotherapy. The use of RS-Pro before chemotherapy should be considered for the regulation of chemotherapy-associated cachectic symptoms, inflammation, and chemotherapy-induced microbial dysbiosis.
19
Vallero, Daniel A., and Paul J. Lioy. "The 5 Rs: Reliable Postdisaster Exposure Assessment." Leadership and Management in Engineering 12, no. 4 (October 2012): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)lm.1943-5630.0000200.
20
Pacelli, R. "SP-0650: Advances in clinical radiobiology: modelling of normal tissue complication probability." Radiotherapy and Oncology 127 (April 2018): S345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30960-5.
21
Thippu Jayaprakash, K., D. Mostafa, M. Hussein, A. Nisbet, R. Shaffer, and M. Ajaz. "EP-2312: Biological validation of a high-throughput in-vitro radiobiology platform." Radiotherapy and Oncology 127 (April 2018): S1276—S1277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(18)32621-5.
22
Hall, Eric J. "Radiobiology in clinical radiation therapy—Part II: Current practice and new horizons." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 42, no. 1 (January 1998): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3016(98)80048-5.
23
Gasul, R. Ya. "Ergebnisse der medizinischen Strahlenforschung (Rontgendiagnostik, Rontgen-Radium — und Lichttherapie) edited by H. Holfeldeg, H. Holhirsen O. Jtingling, H. Martinsu. H. R. Schinz. Volume 5, 615 pages." Kazan medical journal 29, no. 5-6 (January 12, 2022): 485–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj89615.
Abstract:
In this volume, which quickly followed the fourth (which we referred to in 1930), we find a number of fundamental works on radiobiology, X-ray and radiotherapy, and X-ray diagnostics. The largest work on biology is the monograph by Timofeev-Resovsky (from the genetic department. And neti that for the study of the brain in Berlin) on the results of the use of radiant energy in genetics.
24
Park, Seok-Rae, Younghwan Han, Su Jeong Lee, and Ki-Il Lee. "Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy in a Rabbit Model of Rhinosinusitis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010760.
Abstract:
Little is known about alternative treatment options for rhinosinusitis (RS). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for RS in experimentally induced rabbit models of RS. A total of 18 rabbits were divided into four groups: a negative control group (n = 3), an RS group without treatment (n = 5, positive control group), an RS group with natural recovery (n = 5, natural recovery group), and an RS group with laser irradiation (n = 5, laser-treated group). Computed tomography and histopathological staining were performed for each group. mRNA and protein expression levels of local cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-5) were also measured. Tissue inflammation revealed a significant improvement in the laser-treated group compared with the RS and natural recovery groups (p < 0.01). In addition, sinus opacification in the CT scans and cytokine expression was reduced in the laser-treated group, though without statistical significance. LLLT could be an effective option for the management of RS concerning radiological, histological, and molecular parameters.
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Prabhakar, Pramod, Ram Pal Singh, Ramesh Pandey, Neeraj, and Anand Kumar Singh. "Evaluation of the repeatability of male calves' birth weights in different grades of Jersey x Red Sindhi crosses." EMERGENT LIFE SCIENCES RESEARCH 09, no. 02 (2023): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31783/elsr.2023.92215220.
Abstract:
To assess the consistency of birth weight among male calves born to half-J x half-RS, quarter-J x ¾ RS, three-eighths Jersey x five-eighths RS, and one-eighth J x seven-eight RS cows. The SHUATS in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India obtained the data from a pedigree cum history sheet. Male calves born to 77 cows during the first (L1), second (L2), and third (L3) lactations, as well as 127 observations of Jersey x Red Sindhi cows of varying quality, were all measured and recorded in kilos. Increased reproducibility across many cross-breed dairy cow performance tiers indicates superiority. This research shows that choosing cows with higher estimations based on the birth weight. of their male calves can increase the output of herds. The mean of birth weight of male calves L1, L2, and L3 were 18.11, 20.15, 22.07 kg. of ½ J × ½ RS, 20.50, 19.88, 20.77 Kg f ¼ J × ¾ RS crosses, 20.06, 20.88, 22.24 kg. of 3/8 J × 5/8 RS, 19.08, 18.76, 22.83 kg of 1/8 J ×7/8 R.S proportionately. The ranges of birth weight of male calves from the Ist (L1), IInd (L2) and third (L3) lactations were 15.80 - 20.10, 15.80 - 26.6, 19.6 - 25.8 kg. of ½ J × ½ RS, 15.42 - 24.94, 14.51 - 25.70, 13.6 - 28.12 Kg. of ¼ J × ¾ R.S, 14.96 - 26.40, 16.32 - 24.30, 15.42 - 27.50 kg. of 3/8 J × 5/8 RS crosses, 15.87 - 24.23, 12.70 - 24.51, 18.14 - 25.80 kg. of 1/8 J ×7/8 RS respectively. The mean of birth weight of male calves was 20.13 kg. of ½ J × ½ RS, 17.68 Kg. of ¼ J × ¾ RS, 21.07 kg. of 3/8 J × 5/8 RS, 19.92 kg. of 1/8 J ×7/8 RS respectively. The highest birth weight of male calves were 25.8 Kg. and the lowest 15.80 Kg of ½ J × ½ R.S, 28.12 kg. highest and lowest 13.60 kg. of ¼ J × ¾ RS, 27.50 kg at highest and lowest 14.96 kg of 3/8 J × 5/8 RS, 25.8 kg at highest and lowest 12.70 kg. of 1/8 J ×7/8 RS, respectively. The repeatability of birth weight of male calves for 0.60 ± 0.20 of ½ J × ½ RS, 0.46 ± 0.19 of ¼ J × ¾ RS, 0.78 ± 0.15 of 3/8 J × 5/8 RS, 0.57 ± 0.15 of 1/8 J ×7/8 RS. The more repeatability for various grades of crossbred dairy cattle shows better performance.
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Rossi, Davide, Daniela Capello, Michaela Cerri, Clara Deambrogi, Stefania Cresta, Silvia Rasi, Valeria Spina, et al. "Molecular, Phenotypic and Clinical Predictors of Richter Syndrome (RS) in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 3086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3086.3086.
Abstract:
Abstract RS occurs in 5–15% CLL, depending on follow-up length and re-biopsy policy. The value of biological and clinical risk factors in predicting RS is unknown and represents the aim of this study. The analysis was based on a consecutive series of 185 CLL. Diagnosis of RS was based on lymph node or extranodal tissue biopsy. RS was diagnosed in 17 cases all represented by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Cumulative incidence of RS at 5 and 10 years was 13.6% (95%CI: 7.0–20.1%) and 16.2% (95%CI: 8.0–24.4%), respectively. Transformation plateaued at 82 months of follow-up. Median time to transformation was 23.0 months (95%CI: 15.9–30.1 months) from CLL diagnosis. IGHV studies documented clonal relationship between CLL and DLBCL in 15/17 (88.2%) cases. At the time of CLL diagnosis, molecular variables predicting RS were: IGHV4–39 usage (5-year risk IGHV4-39: 56.2% vs IGHVnon-VH4-39: 11.2%; p<0.001), IGHV homology ≥98% (5-year risk IGHV homology ≥98%: 28.3% vs IGHV homology <98%: 7.0%; p=0.006), absence of del13q14 (5-year risk non-del13q14: 23.1% vs del13q14: 3.8%; p=0.006), and presence of +12 (5-year risk +12: 19.5% vs non +12 10.0%; p=0.027). CLL with p53 inactivation by p53 mutation and/or del17p13 had a trend toward an increased risk of transformation (5-year risk del17p13/p53 mutation: 24.6% vs non-del17p13/p53 mutation: 12.1%; p=0.061). Cluster analysis revealed that 6/17 (35.2%) CLL evolving to RS carried stereotyped CDR3s. Utilization of stereotyped IGHV4-39 or stereotyped IGHV1-2/1-3 predicted transformation (5-year risk stereotyped CDR3: 63.0%; p<0.001). Del11q22-q23, normal FISH katyotype, BCL2 C938A polymorphism, and telomere length did not predict RS. Among phenotypic markers at CLL diagnosis, expression of both CD38 (5-year risk CD38+: 25.4% vs CD38−: 4.7%; p<0.001) and ZAP70 (5-year risk ZAP70+ 27.9% vs ZAP70− 6.7%; p=0.002) predicted RS. At the time of CLL diagnosis, clinical variables predicting RS included: lymph node size ≥3 cm (5-year risk lymph node ≥3 cm: 49.1% vs lymph node <3 cm: 6.1%; p<0.001), involvement of 3 nodal areas (5-year risk 3 nodal areas: 31.8% vs nodal areas <2: 8.3%; p<0.001), Binet B stage (5-year risk Binet B: 40.8% vs Binet C 20% vs Binet A: 7.1%; p=0.003), and LDH ≥1.2 × ULN (5-year risk LDH >1.2 × ULN: 37.5% vs LDH <1.2 × ULN: 8.6%; p=0.001). Age, sex, Rai stage, splenomegaly, Hb, platelet count, percentage of BM lymphocytes, B2M, ALP, albumin and lymphocyte doubling time did not predict RS. Landmark analysis at 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months documented: a significantly increased risk of subsequent RS in progressive CLL vs stable CLL starting from 24 months; and no RS in stable CLL after 48 months of follow up. Multivariate analysis identified CD38 expression (HR 4.22, 95%CI 1.26–14.05; p= 0.019) and IGHV4-39 usage (HR 4.29, 95%CI 1.28–14.29; p=0.018) as biological predictors of RS, and lymph node ≥3 cm as clinical predictor of RS (HR 8.73, 95%CI 2.45–31.05; p=0.001). Our data suggest that RS is predicted by: predominant nodal disease at diagnosis; CD38 expression; and usage of specific IGHV genes, namely IGHV4-39. These results suggest the need for a close monitoring and a careful biopsy policy in patients with molecular, phenotypic and clinical predictors of RS identified at the time of CLL diagnosis.
27
Wolmark, Norman, Eleftherios P. Mamounas, Frederick L. Baehner, Steven M. Butler, Gong Tang, Farid Jamshidian, Amy P. Sing, Steven Shak, and Soonmyung Paik. "Prognostic Impact of the Combination of Recurrence Score and Quantitative Estrogen Receptor Expression (ESR1) on Predicting Late Distant Recurrence Risk in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer After 5 Years of Tamoxifen: Results From NRG Oncology/National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-28 and B-14." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 20 (July 10, 2016): 2350–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.62.6630.
Abstract:
Purpose We determined the utility of the 21-Gene Recurrence Score (RS) in predicting late (> 5 years) distant recurrence (LDR) in stage I and II breast cancer within high and low-ESR1–expressing groups. Patients and Methods RS was assessed in chemotherapy/tamoxifen-treated, estrogen receptor (ER) –positive, node-positive National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-28 patients and tamoxifen-treated, ER-positive, node-negative B-14 patients. The association of the RS with risk of distant recurrence (DR) 0 to 5 years and those at risk > 5 years was assessed. An ESR1 expression cut point was optimized in B-28 and tested in B-14. Results Median follow-up was 11.2 years for B-28 and 13.9 years for B-14. Of 1,065 B-28 patients, 36% had low (< 18), 34% intermediate (18 to 30), and 30% high (≥ 31) RS. Of 668 B-14 patients, 51% had low, 22% intermediate, and 27% high RS. Median ESR1 expression by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was: B-28, 9.7 normalized expression cycle threshold units (CT) and B-14, 10.7 CT. In B-28, RS was associated with DR 0 to 5 years (log-rank P < .001) and > 5 to 10 years (log-rank P = .02) regardless of ESR1 expression. An ESR1 expression cut point of 9.1 CT was identified in B-28. It was validated in B-14 patients for whom the RS was associated with DR in years 5 to 15: 6.8% (95% CI, 4.4% to 10.6%) versus 11.2% (95% CI, 6.2% to 19.9%) versus 16.4% (95% CI, 10.2% to 25.7%) for RS < 18, RS 18 to 30, and RS ≥ 31, respectively (log-rank P = .01). Conclusion For LDR, RS is strongly prognostic in patients with higher quantitative ESR1. Risk of LDR is relatively low for patients with low RS. These results suggest the value of extended tamoxifen therapy merits evaluation in patients with intermediate and high RS with higher ESR1 expression at initial diagnosis.
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Rossi, Davide, Valeria Spina, Michaela Cerri, Clara Deambrogi, Lorenzo De Paoli, Luca Laurenti, Rossana Maffei, et al. "Usage of IGHV4-39 with Stereotypic B Cell Receptor Is An Independent Risk Factor of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Transformation to Richter Syndrome." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.778.778.
Abstract:
Abstract Richter’s syndrome (RS) represents the transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to aggressive lymphoma, mainly occurring as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The biology of CLL transformation to RS is poorly understood and knowledge on risk factors of RS development is scant. We tested whether IGHV gene usage and stereotypic B cell receptor (BCR) at CLL diagnosis have an impact on RS transformation. The first step of the study consisted of a case-control analysis comparing IGHV gene usage and prevalence of stereotypic HCDR3 in RS (n=69; all DLBCL) versus a control group (n=715) of CLL that had not transformed to RS. The second step consisted of an actuarial assessment of the impact of IGHV gene usage and stereotypic HCDR3 at CLL diagnosis, on the risk of subsequent transformation to RS in a cohort of 754 CLL, of which 39 had transformed to RS. Comparison of IGHV usage in unmutated RS versus unmutated control CLL documented that IGHV4-39 was the sole gene preferentially utilized (6/48, 12.5% vs 5/277, 1.8%, respectively, p=.002) by RS. Prevalence of stereotypic HCDR3 was significantly higher in RS compared to non-transformed CLL when considering all cases (RS: 50.7% vs non-transformed CLL: 22.2%; p<.000001), unmutated cases only (RS: 58.3% vs non-transformed CLL: 35.7%; p=.003), and mutated cases only (RS: 33.3% vs non-transformed CLL: 13.7%; p=.022). Compared to non-transformed CLL, RS preferentially utilized BCR belonging to a subset characterized by rearrangement of unmutated IGHV4-39/IGHD6-13/IGHJ5 genes (2/159, 1.2% vs 5/35, 14.3%, respectively; p=.002). All cases with stereotypic IGHV4-39 carried +12 as the sole FISH abnormality. After a median follow-up of 41.1 months, 39/754 CLL had transformed to RS. Univariate analysis documented: shorter time to transformation in CLL utilizing IGHV4-39 (5-year risk: 35.4%) compared to CLL utilizing other IGHV genes (5-year risk: 5.6%) (p<.000001); higher risk of RS in CLL utilizing stereotypic HCDR3 (5-year risk: 14.2%) compared to CLL without stereotypic HCDR3 (5-year risk: 3.9%) (p<.00001). CLL with stereotypic HCDR3 and IGHV homology 98% showed a significantly higher risk of transformation (5-year risk: 18.4%) compared to CLL with IGHV homology 98% but without stereotypic HCDR3 (5-year risk: 6.8%) (p=.006). Also, stereotypic HCDR3 identified a CLL subgroup that, despite presenting with IGHV homology <98%, showed an increased risk of RS (p=.040). This observation indicates that stereotypic HCDR3 is not a surrogate of IGHV homology for RS prediction. We then tested the independent predictive value for RS transformation of IGHV4-39 usage and of stereotypic HCDR3. Multivariate analysis selected IGHV4-39 usage (HR: 4.25; p=.002) and stereotypic HCDR3 at CLL diagnosis (HR: 3.08; p=.002) as independent predictors of RS transformation. The observation that all RS utilizing IGHV4-39 carried stereotypic HCDR3 prompted investigation of the interaction between IGHV4-39 usage and stereotypic HCDR3 in the model. Multivariate analysis selected the interaction between IGHV4-39 usage and stereotypic HCDR3 at CLL diagnosis as the strongest independent predictor of RS transformation (HR: 5.13; p=.001). The relevance of the interaction between IGHV4-39 and stereotypic HCDR3 was confirmed by bivariate log rank analysis. Accordingly, CLL utilizing both IGHV4-39 and stereotypic HCDR3 were identified as the disease category with highest risk of transformation (5-year risk: 68.7%). Transformation to RS and progression to symptomatic disease according to NCI Working Group guidelines are distinct events in CLL. Accordingly, neither IGHV4-39 usage nor stereotypic HCDR3 affected the risk of CLL progression occurring without transformation to RS. IGHV4-39 usage and stereotypic HCDR3 may be appropriate biological markers for RS prediction since: these markers predict RS in a fashion that is independent of other clinical and biological features; given the widespread use of IGHV sequencing for CLL prognostication, information on IGHV4-39 and stereotypic HCDR3 may be obtained at CLL diagnosis without additional testing; and importantly all CLL with concomitant IGHV4-39 usage and stereotypic HCDR3 ultimately transform to RS. A close monitoring and a careful biopsy policy may be of help for early recognition of RS transformation in patients carrying IGHV4-39 usage and stereotypic HCDR3.
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Gong, Lin, Jia-Wen Zhang, Ru-Tie Yin, Ping Wang, Hui Liu, Ying Zheng, Jiang-Yan Lou, and Zhi-Lan Peng. "Safety and Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Radical Surgery Versus Radical Surgery Alone in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Patients." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 26, no. 4 (May 2016): 722–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/igc.0000000000000658.
Abstract:
ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by radical surgery (RS) among patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC).MethodsEight hundred patients with LACC received either NACT followed by RS (NACT–RS) or RS alone. The primary outcome measures assessed the efficacy and adverse effects of NACT. Secondary outcome measures compared the preoperative clinical stage to the postoperative pathologic stage in NACT–RS and RS patients, assessed intraoperative and postoperative complications, including the adverse effects of postoperative radiotherapy and radiochemotherapy, and estimated the 5-year progression-free survival and 5-year overall survival.ResultsThe clinical response to NACT was 89.54%. Patients in the NACT–RS group had lower preoperative hemoglobin levels (115.20 vs 122.04 g/L, P < 0.001), a longer operative time (mean, 233.66 vs 224.37 minutes, P = 0.008), more intraoperative bleeding (750.34 vs 684.41 mL, P = 0.011), a shorter duration of catheter use (mean, 29.84 vs 32.14 days, P = 0.036), and a lower incidence of postoperative complications (7.30% vs 13.62%, P = 0.002) and postoperative radiotherapeutic and radiochemotherapeutic adverse effects (3.16% vs 4.63%, P < 0.001) compared to patients in the RS group. The 5-year progression-free survival and 5-year overall survival were 80.30% and 81.10% in the NACT–RS group and 81.00% and 78.50% in the RS group (P > 0.05). Pathological poor differentiation, nonsquamous cell carcinoma, parametrial invasion, positive pelvic lymph node, and lymphovascular invasion (P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for recurrence.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant chemotherapy may reduce RS-associated complications and postoperative radiotherapeutic and radiochemotherapeutic adverse effects in Chinese patients with LACC.
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Baehner, Frederick L., Steven Shak, Dave P. Miller, and Valentina I. Petkov. "SEER study of breast cancer specific mortality (BCSM) in patients with lobular tumors treated based on recurrence score results." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 11568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.11568.
Abstract:
11568 Background: Linking the 21-gene assay RS result to the SEER Registries demonstrated very low 5-y BCSM with low RS and high 5-y BCSM with high RS across subgroups, such as nodal status, age, tumor size and grade (npj Breast Cancer 2016). Given the large sample size and interest in outcomes as a function of tumor characteristics, we characterized the relationship between RS results and BCSM in patients reported by SEER with lobular morphology. Methods: Patients with RS and lobular morphology based on the registry ICD-O-3 code 8520 were eligible if node negative (N0) or node positive up to 3 positive nodes (N+mic,1-3), HR+, HER2- negative, no prior malignancy, and diagnosed between Jan 2004 and Dec 2012. No information in SEER is available regarding lobulars, ie., trabecular, alveolar, solid and pleomorphic. 5-y BCSM was estimated using actuarial methods. Results: There were 6,075 eligible patients reported with lobular morphology (11% of cases). Median age was 59 years; 88%/12% were N0/N+; 31%/62%/7% grade 1/2/3; 61%/39% ≤2 cm/>2 cm. Median follow-up was 44 months. A minority (8%) had RS >25. Chemotherapy (CT) use and BCSM increased with increasing RS. In multivariable analysis in N0 disease, continuous RS result and tumor size predicted BCSM (p=0.003 and p=0.04, respectively), whereas age and tumor grade were non-significant. In multivariable analysis in N+ disease, continuous RS result alone predicted BCSM (p=0.002). Conclusions: In these analyses the prognosis of patients with lobular breast cancer treated based on RS results depends on both nodal status and the RS result. The 5-y BCSM for lobular breast cancer is excellent with RS of 25 or less, and increases for RS >25. [Table: see text]
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Patnaik, Mrinal M., Curtis A. Hanson, Nanna H. Sulai, Janice M. Hodnefield, Ryan A. Knudson, Rhett P. Ketterling, Terra L. Lasho, and Ayalew Tefferi. "Prognostic irrelevance of ring sideroblast percentage in World Health Organization–defined myelodysplastic syndromes without excess blasts." Blood 119, no. 24 (June 14, 2012): 5674–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-03-415356.
Abstract:
Abstract The presence of ≥ 15% bone marrow (BM) ring sideroblasts (RS) and < 5% blasts is required for a diagnosis of refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts. We examined the phenotypic and prognostic relevance of this “15%” RS threshold in 200 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) without excess blasts and with ≥ 1% RS. The impact of RS% was assessed both as a continuous and categorical variable: < 5% (n = 56), 5%-14% (n = 32), 15%-50% (n = 79), and > 50% (n = 33). RS% correlated (P < .05) directly with age, platelet count, transfusion dependency, BM cellularity, and mutant SF3B1 and inversely with hemoglobin level, multilineage dysplasia, and high-risk karyotype; but did not correlate with IDH mutations. At a median follow-up of 33 months, 156 (73%) deaths and 24 (12%) leukemic transformations were documented. Neither univariate nor multivariable analysis showed significant effect for RS% on overall or leukemia-free survival, suggesting the limited prognostic value of quantifying BM RS in MDS.
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Coppes, R. "SP-0222 Radiobiology of normal tissue repair – what are the implications for reirradiation?" Radiotherapy and Oncology 133 (April 2019): S114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30642-5.
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Barry, M., R. Jones, M. Fay, D. Butler, and J. Lehmann. "EP-1441: Repurposing of a small clinical x-ray source for radiobiology irradiations." Radiotherapy and Oncology 123 (May 2017): S768—S769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31876-5.
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Hall, Eric J., and David J. Brenner. "The radiobiology of radiosurgery: Rationale for different treatment regimes for AVMs and malignancies." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 25, no. 2 (January 1993): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(93)90367-5.
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Lu, Ning, Xing-Ren Liu, Zhang-Liu Du, Yi-Ding Wang, and Qing-Zhong Zhang. "Effect of biochar on soil respiration in the maize growing season after 5 years of consecutive application." Soil Research 52, no. 5 (2014): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr13239.
Abstract:
The effect of biochar on soil respiration (Rs) over one maize-growing season was studied after 5 years of consecutive application in an intensive cropland in the North China Plain. The experiment was carried out in randomly arranged plots with four treatments being evaluated. Three replications were conducted per treatment: a control plot without biochar addition (CK), biochar incorporated at 4.5 t ha–1 year–1 (BC4.5), biochar incorporated at 9.0 t ha–1 year–1 (BC9.0), and incorporated wheat straw (SR). The Rs was determined throughout the growing season of maize in 2012. Soil temperature and moisture were measured simultaneously at 5 cm depth. The results showed that the seasonal and diurnal variations of Rs in the four different treatments were approximately equal, and there was a positive correlation between Rs and soil temperature. The Rs values of treatments BC4.5 and BC9.0 were significantly lower than of SR but not CK. Significant correlations between Rs and soil temperature and soil moisture were observed. Soil temperature had a stronger effect on Rs than did soil moisture, and Rs was more sensitive to soil temperature in the biochar treatments than in the SR and CK treatments. The application of biochar and straw increased the soil active organic carbon content, but an obvious relationship between Rs and the soil active organic carbon content was not found.
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Wang, Jinlong, Xuemin He, Wen Ma, Zhoukang Li, Yudong Chen, and Guanghui Lv. "Spatial Scale Effects of Soil Respiration in Arid Desert Tugai Forest: Responses to Plant Functional Traits and Soil Abiotic Factors." Forests 13, no. 7 (June 25, 2022): 1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13071001.
Abstract:
Understanding the spatial variation law of soil respiration (Rs) and its influencing factors is very important when simulating and predicting the terrestrial carbon cycle process. However, there are still limitations in understanding how different sampling scales affect the spatial heterogeneity of Rs and whether the spatial scale effect will change with habitat types. Our objectives were to explore the effects of different sampling scales on the spatial variability of Rs and the relative importance of soil abiotic characteristics and plant traits in influencing the spatial variability of Rs. The Rs, soil properties, and plant traits were measured through field investigation and indoor analysis in the Tugai forest desert plant community in the Ebinur Lake Basin in northwest China. The Rs showed significant water gradient changes, with a coefficient of variation of 35.4%–58%. Plot types had significant effects on Rs, while the change of sampling scale did not lead to significant differences in Rs. At the plot scale, Rs spatial variation at the 5 m × 5 m sampling scale mainly depended on plant traits (leaf length, leaf thickness, leaf dry matter content, and leaf phosphorus content, p < 0.05), while Rs spatial variation at the 10 m × 10 m scale mainly depended on soil properties (soil total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, soil water content, and pH, p < 0.05). At the local scale, soil nutrients (soil available phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen) and plant traits (maximum plant height, leaf length, and phosphorus content) at the 5 m × 5 m scale jointly explained 49% of the spatial change of Rs. In contrast, soil microclimate (soil water content), soil nutrients (soil pH, available phosphorus, and nitrate nitrogen), and plant traits (leaf thickness) jointly explained 51% of the spatial variation of Rs at the 10 m × 10 m scale. These results demonstrate the potential to predict the spatial variability of Rs based on the combination of easily measured aboveground functional traits and soil properties, which provides new ideas and perspectives for further understanding the mechanism of Rs change in Tugai forests.
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Natalia Krisnawati, Gita, Sucipto Sucipto, and Rina Firliana. "EVALUASI PENERAPAN SIM-RS MENGGUNAKAN COBIT 5 PADA RSUD LAWANG." Antivirus : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Informatika 13, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/antivirus.v13i2.858.
Abstract:
Information technology (IT) has become a crucial part for companies or institutions with enterprise scale. The problem in this research is the service of patients in RSUD Lawang has not been entirely done using the SIM-RS application directly. This study focuses on the implementation of the SIM-RS in Lawang District Hospital in providing health services to the community. This research standard uses COBIT 5 standard with APO 07 domain which discusses the preparation of HR in Lawang District Hospital, BAI 07 discusses readiness in obtaining new information systems (SIM-RS), and DSS 01 discusses procedural development and treatment of all forms operations, infrastructure, and facilities related to the information system used. The conclusions of this study are: (1) The level reached by the APO 07 domain is at level 1. This is due to the application of the SIM-RS in the Lawang District Hospital, which has a base practice but in the design of activities that have not been adequately monitored and evaluated and the work products that have not been applied, controlled, and maintained as appropriate. (2) The level achieved by the BAI 07 domain is at level 2. This is due to the application of the SIM-RS in Lawang District Hospital, which has a planned base of practice, is well monitored and evaluated. Its implementation is following agency needs. But related to the implementation process is still not following established standards. (3) The level achieved by the DSS 01 domain is at level 1. This is due to the application of the SIM-RS in Lawang District Hospital having a base practice. Still, in the design of activities, it has not been adequately monitored and evaluated, and the work products they have not been implemented, controlled, and maintained as should be.
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Wannouss, M., V. D. Semel, G. G. Golyshev, and A. N. Goltsov. "Method for Determining Radioresistance of Cancer Cell Lines Based on Cluster Analysis of Clonogenic Cell Survival Data." Meditsinskaya Fizika, no. 1 (April 25, 2024): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52775/1810-200x-2024-101-1-18-35.
Abstract:
Background: The outcome of radiation therapy, the duration and quality of life of cancer patients significantly depend on the radiosensitivity (RS) of a cancerous tumor, and the duration of the patient’s relapse-free period is largely determined by the degree of its radioresistance (RR). Today the results of molecular mechanism investigation of cancer radioresistance and the classification of cancer cells according to their radiophenotypes mostly contribute to improving prognosis methods of treatment outcomes and increasing effectiveness of radiation therapy. In this work, we developed a classification method of cancer cells according to their radiosensitivity using machine learning based on the data analysis of clonogenic cell survival under ionizing radiation. Material and methods: The method consists of clustering parameters of experimental dose-effect relationships, which were approximated using the equation of a linear-quadratic (LQ) model, which is used to evaluate RS of cancer cells in radiobiology. The training of the statistical model included published experimental dataset of 96 cancer cell lines, for which parameters a, b and their ratio a/b of the LQ model were determined. Classification of cancer cells according to their radiosensitivity was carried out based on principal component analysis (PCA) in the parameter space (a, a/b), k-means clustering and hierarchical clustering methods. Results: Application of the developed statistical model to a large dataset of cancer cells made it possible to reliably separate radiosensitive and radioresistant (RR) cells into two clusters according to the parameters a and a/b. Application of the model to cancer cells with acquired RR, in which RS was suppressed as a result of exposure to irradiation or hypoxia, allowed tracing the shift of parent cells’ parameters from the RS cluster to the RR cell cluster. To study the genetic mechanisms of radiosensitivity, we performed bioinformatic analysis of the mutation distribution in genes encoding proteins in the cellular signalling pathways of cancer cells, i.e. proliferation, apoptosis, repair of damaged DNA molecules and antioxidant defence cellular system. Conclusion: The developed statistical model of radiophenotypic classification of cancer cells based on their radiosensitivity can be used in the development of radiation therapy treatment plans taking into account radiosensitivity of patient’s tumour. The model may be also helpful in a joint analysis of the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of cancer cells, aiming at the elucidation of the molecular and genetic mechanisms of radiosensitivity and development of biomarkers of radioresistance.
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Swoboda, David M., Jung-Hoon Lee, Onyee Chan, Rami S. Komrokji, Najla Al Ali, Eric Padron, Alan F. List, Mohammad O. Hussaini, Jinming Song, and David A. Sallman. "Marrow Ring Sideroblasts Are Highly Predictive for TP53 Mutation in MDS with Excess Blasts." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 4244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-124772.
Abstract:
Background: Myelodysplastic syndrome with ring sideroblasts (MDS-RS) is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as ring sideroblasts (RS) ≥15% or ≥5% with associated SF3B1 mutation and no excess blasts (EB). In MDS-RS, SF3B1 mutation defines a homogenous group with isolated erythroid dysplasia and favorable prognosis (Malcovati et al. Blood 2015). Given the separate WHO classification, patients with MDS-EB frequently are not tested for RS. SF3B1-wild type (wt) MDS with RS also has not been well characterized. Therefore, herein we characterized MDS with RS, focusing on SF3B1-wt and implications of molecular subsets. Patients and Methods: Between 2013 and 2018, 157 MDS and MDS/MPN patients with RS ≥5% and next generation sequencing performed within 6 months of diagnosis at Moffitt Cancer Center were identified with clinical variables obtained at date of diagnosis. Quantification of RS was performed in all cases by hematopathology. Baseline characteristics were compared by Fisher's exact test (categorical variables) and Mann-Whitney test (continuous variables). Survival estimates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method from date of diagnosis and groups were compared using log-rank test. Multivariate survival analysis performed by means of Cox proportional hazards regression. Pearson correlation coefficient was used in correlative analyses. Results: A total of 75 SF3B1-mutant (mt) and 82 SF3B1-wt cases with MDS (141) or MDS/MPN (13) and RS were identified. Median age was 71 years (38-89) with male and Caucasian predominance (62% and 94%, respectively). In the SF3B1-wt cohort, there were 77 MDS and 5 MDS/MPN patients. The MDS patients consisted of 2 MDS-SLD, 15 MDS-MLD, 3 MDS-RS-SLD, 17 MDS-RS-MLD, 24 MDS-EB1 and 16 MDS-EB2. The majority of SF3B1-wt patients (58%) were high or very high risk based on the Revised International Prognostic Scoring system (IPSS-R). Median RS% was significantly lower in SF3B1-wt compared to SF3B1-mt (18% (5-50) vs 35% (5-83) p <0.0001). TP53 was the most common mutation (54%) in the SF3B1-wt cohort (n=44; Figure 1). Additional mutations observed in >10% of the SF3B1-wt cohort were DNMT3A 18% (n=15), TET2 16% (n=13) and U2AF1 16% (n=13). Non-SF3B1 spliceosome mutations represented 27% (n=22) of the SF3B1-wt cohort. TP53-mt and non-SF3B1 spliceosome-mt were observed at significantly higher prevalence in SF3B1 wt vs mt patients (p<0.0001 and p=0.003). In univariate analysis, IPSS-R, TP53 and DNMT3A were associated with worse overall survival in SF3B1-wt patients (OS). In multivariate analysis including age, IPSS-R and BMT, only TP53 was an independent covariate for inferior survival (HR 6.3; 95% CI 2.4-16.6 p<0.0001). Given the high frequency of mutations, we then focused on TP53-mt RS patients. In the total cohort of patients with RS≥5%, 77% of MDS-EB1 and 68% of MDS-EB-2 were TP53-mt. In SF3B1 wt patients with RS≥5% and excess blasts, TP53 mutation was identified in 79% (n=19) and 81% (n=13) of MDS-EB-1 and MDS-EB-2 patients, respectively (p<0.0001 TP53-mt MDS-EB vs other). 3 patients were co-mutant for TP53 and SF3B1. Increased RS as defined as >15% vs 5-15% resulted in improved OS in the TP53-mt cohort (median OS 13.5 vs 8.6 months; HR 0.36 95% CI 0.14-0.93 p=0.034). In multivariate analysis including age, IPSS-R and BMT, the survival advantage was maintained (HR 0.35 95% CI 0.14-0.93 p=0.034). Increased RS did not significantly improve OS in any other somatic mutation. Response to hypomethylating agents was similar between TP53-mt RS >15% vs 5-15% (Complete remission (CR) 21% vs 17% p=1.0 and overall response rate (ORR) 52% vs 42% p=.72). No TP53-mt RS patients responded to lenalidomide (0/4). The proportion of patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplant was similar between TP53-mt RS >15% vs 5-15% (14% vs 22% p=0.69). There was no difference in distribution of TP53-mt between 5-15% RS cohort vs >15% (55% n=26 vs 51% n=18 p=0.82). Finally, TP53 VAF did not correlate with RS percentage (p=.393) Conclusions: In our study, MDS-RS-EB was highly concordant with the presence of TP53 mutation occurring in 80% of SF3B1-wt patients. In TP53 mutant patients, increased ring sideroblast % was an independent covariate associated with a significant survival advantage. As therapy targeting TP53 emerges, the ability to rapidly predict TP53 mutation status based on presence of ring sideroblasts should be a priority. Figure Disclosures Komrokji: Agios: Consultancy; celgene: Consultancy; pfizer: Consultancy; DSI: Consultancy; JAZZ: Consultancy; Incyte: Consultancy; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; JAZZ: Speakers Bureau. List:Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Sallman:Abbvie: Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Speakers Bureau; Jazz: Research Funding; Incyte: Speakers Bureau; Celyad: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.
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Chvál, Martin, and Petr Urbánek. "Klima učitelského sboru: úprava dotazníku OCDQ-RS pro podmínky českých škol." Pedagogická orientace 24, no. 5 (December 15, 2014): 778–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/pedor2014-5-778.
Abstract:
Cílem metodologické studie je představení psychometrických vlastností dotazníku KUS, a to i v porovnání s vlastnostmi originální verze OCDQ-RS a jeho slovenskou adaptací. V úvodní teoretické části je představen dotazník organizačního klimatu škol OCDQ-RS, jeho vznik a slovenská standardizace. Po upřesnění cíle studie následuje představení vzniku a výsledné verze dotazníku KUS, který je úpravou OCDQ-RS. Protože jsou některé výsledky porovnávány se známými psychometrickými vlastnostmi OCDQ-RS z USA, ze slovenské adaptace i nestandardizované české verze, jsou dále charakterizovány odpovídající datové soubory. Následují výsledky psychometrických analýz, diskuse zdůvodňující opuštění souhrnného indexu otevřenosti klimatu v dotazníku KUS oproti OCDQ-RS a orientační normy a odhadované chyby měření jednotlivých indexů KUSu. Po shrnujících závěrech jsou pojmenována i hlavní omezení studie. Výzkumný vzorek tvořilo 1823 učitelů ze 77 převážně základních škol. Návratnost dotazníků za školu byla minimálně 70 %. Data byla analyzována položkovou analýzou podle klasické teorie testů, exploratorní faktorovou analýzou, doplňkově i konfirmatorní faktorovou analýzou. Vnitřní konsistence indexů byla zjišťována pomocí Cronbachova alfa, ANOVA a standardní chyby měření indexů KUSu. Některé analýzy jsou s jednotkou učitel i škola. U dotazníku KUS byly zachovány čtyři indexy: podpora sboru vedením školy, angažovanost učitelů, frustrace učitelů, přátelské vztahy ve sboru. Pátý index direktivity ředitele byl nahrazen konotativně neutrálním pevnost vedení školy. Všechny indexy vykazují dostatečné hodnoty Cronbachova alfa v rozpětí od 0,84 do 0,96. Počet položek byl oproti OCDQ-RS navýšen z 34 na 40.
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Latusek, T., L. Miszczyk, and J. Rembak-Szynkiewicz. "EP-1276: Clinic and radiobiology of hypofractionated radiotherapy for metastatic liver tumors. Pilot results." Radiotherapy and Oncology 123 (May 2017): S685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31711-5.
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Zeng, Huawei, Bryan Safratowich, Zhenhua Liu, and Michael Bukowski. "Intake of Resistant Starch Reduces Colonic Inflammation in the Colon of Obese, C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High Fat Diet." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac070.053.
Abstract:
Abstract Objectives Intake of fiber has beneficial effects for gut health which may be due to short chain fatty acid (e.g., butyrate) production during colonic fermentation. In contrast, obesity and obesogenic diets are linked to increased colonic inflammation. We tested the hypothesis that increasing fiber intake reduces colonic inflammation in C57BL/6 mice fed an obesogenic diet. Methods Four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to 5 dietary groups (n = 22/group) for 24 weeks: (1) AIN93G as a control diet (AIN); (2) a high fat diet (HFD, 45% energy fat); (3) HFD + 5% resistant starch from corn (RS); (4) HFD + 10%RS; or (5) HFD + 20%RS. We used biochemical, gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection, and histological approaches to determine the effect of RS on the inflammatory status in the colon of C57BL/6 mice fed HFD. Results All animals receiving HFD exhibited increases in body mass and body fat composition compared to the AIN group irrespective of RS dosage. However, the HFD + RS groups exhibited an increase in fecal butyrate content in a RS dose-dependent manner over the HFD group with 2.1- and 3.3-fold increase in the HFD + 10%RS and HFD + 20%RS groups, respectively. Consistent with butyrate's beneficial effects, there were concomitant > 0.5-fold decreases in inflammatory cell infiltration and b-catenin protein staining in the colon of animals receiving 20% RS supplementation relative to the HFD group. Conclusions These data indicate that even under obesogenic conditions in a mouse model, RS consumption reduces colonic inflammation. Funding Sources This work was supported by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, research project 3062-51,000-056-00D.
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Mullinax, John, Danielle Carr, Nora Vera, Weihong Sun, M. Catherine Lee, Susan Hoover, William J. Fulp, Geza Acs, and Christine Laronga. "Distant recurrence risk with prospective use of the 21-gene assay at a single institution." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2015): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.28_suppl.131.
Abstract:
131 Background: Distant recurrence (DR) is the cause of most breast cancer deaths. The 21-gene assay (ODX) Recurrence Score (RS) result predicts both 5 and 10-yr DR risk and can guide adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) recommendations to mitigate this risk. This study analyzed the use of the RS result to guide adjuvant treatment decisions in a large single-institution, prospective cohort of patients (pts). Methods: This is an IRB-approved review of a prospective database of pts receiving ODX on an initial primary breast cancer. Data collected included demographics, primary operation, margin status, receptor status, RS, adjuvant treatment, recurrence, and survival. Pts were stratified as low risk (RS < 18), intermediate risk, or high risk (RS > 30). The primary analysis computed Kaplan-Meier estimates for rate of DR at 5 yrs when pts were stratified by RS. Results: From 2003 to 2009, a RS result was obtained on 606 pts. Median follow up was 2.9 yrs (0.1-9.7) and median age was 58 yrs (27-84). Median RS result was 16 (0-63); 344(57%) pts were low, 212(35%) intermediate, 50(8%) high. Endocrine therapy was given to 92.4%, 94.3%, and 87.5% low, intermediate, and high risk pts, respectively. Adjuvant CT was given to 8.6%, 47.6%, and 70.8% low, intermediate, and high risk pts, respectively. There were 8 DR events with 1.8% 5-yr estimated risk of DR. The 5-yr estimated risk of DR was 0.7% for low risk (344) pts, 3.4% for intermediate risk (211) pts, and 2.6% for high risk (50) pts. Among node negative [N(-)] pts (502), the 5-yr estimated risk of DR was 0.8% for low risk (287) pts, 3.7% for intermediate risk (174) pts, and 3.3% for high risk (41) pts. Among node positive [(N+)] pts (54) there was only 1 DR, which was in a high risk pt. Of pts with unknown nodal status (50), there were no DRs. Conclusions: The RS result is predictive of DR at 5 yrs as shown in historical datasets (Table). The use of ODX to guide adjuvant treatment recommendations in our contemporary, prospective cohort resulted in a much lower 5-year DR rate and thus supports its use to guide adjuvant treatment decisions. [Table: see text]
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Goudez, Raphaël, Mickael Weber, Vincent Biourge, and Patrick Nguyen. "Influence of different levels and sources of resistant starch on faecal quality of dogs of various body sizes." British Journal of Nutrition 106, S1 (October 12, 2011): S211—S215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511003345.
Abstract:
In dry-extruded canine diets, starch ileal digestibility varies with the starch source, amount and processing parameters. Starch that escapes duodeno-ileal digestion can affect faecal quality by stimulating colonic bacterial fermentation. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of various resistant starch (RS) sources and levels on the faecal score of dogs of different breeds and sizes. A total of twenty-one healthy adult female dogs (body weight ranging 5·0–30·6 kg) were used. The maintenance diet for the dogs was supplemented with increasing amounts of RS from two sources: high-amylose starch from maize (to 2·5, 4·3 and 7·4 % RS) and raw potato starch (to 7·4 and 11·4 % RS). Each level of RS was tested over a 7 d period followed by a 7 d washout period. Faecal scores were evaluated by one person using a scale ranging from 1 (for hard and dry faeces) to 5 (for liquid stools). Faeces were considered ‘optimal’ at scores of 2·5–3·0, ‘acceptable’ at scores of 3·0–3·75 and ‘unacceptable’ at scores >3·75. Small dogs showed very little sensitivity to RS based on the faecal score, while large dogs were quite responsive to RS supplementation. These results suggest that small dogs are poor models for assessing the effect of starch sources on ileal digestibility. They also indicate that a low RS content (strongly affected by source and processing) is an important factor for ensuring an optimal faecal score in large breed dogs.
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Cevenini, R., M. Donati, S. Bertini, A. Moroni, and V. Sambri. "Capture-ELISA for serum IgM antibody to respiratory syncytial virus." Journal of Hygiene 97, no. 3 (December 1986): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400063713.
Abstract:
SUMMARYA four-component solid-phase capture enzyme immunoassay was set up to test for serum IgM antibody to respiratory syncytial (RS) virus and was compared with immunofluorescence assay (IFA).A total of 128 young children with acute respiratory infections were studied. Thirty-six were shown to be RS virus-positive by the detection of RS virus in nasopharyngeal secretions and 92 were RS virus-negative. A serum specimen was collected after admission to the hospital (days 0–4) and a further specimen was obtained during days 10–14. Out of 36 RS virus-positive patients, 28 (77·7%) were found to be positive for IgM by both capture-ELISA and IFA. Out of 92 RS virus-negative patients 5 (5·4%) were IgM-positive. Four false-positive results were obtained by IFA due to the presence of rheumatoid factor.The capture-ELISA was shown to be a reliable technique in detecting specific IgM antibody to RS virus.
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Плохіх, Віктор Володимирович. "Зв’язок копінг-поведінки з переживаннями плину часу у студентів." Insight: the psychological dimensions of society, no. 9 (May 5, 2023): 72–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/ksu2663-970x/2023-9-5.
Abstract:
Сучасний студент усупереч суттєвому підвищеннюнавчального навантаження та загальному ускладненню життєдіяльності повинен бути здатним додолання стресових ситуацій і своєчасного виконання завдань. Метою дослідження є емпіричневизначення підґрунтя та особливостей для характерних зв’язків виборів варіантів копінг-поведінкиз переживаннями плину часу у студентів. Методи.Досліджуваними були 139 студентів університету.В емпіричному дослідженні використовувалисятакі стандартизовані тестові методики: “Копінг-поведінка в стресових ситуаціях”; шкала “Компетентність у часі” з тесту самоактуалізації особистості;“Шкала переживання часу”; Фрайбургський особистісний опитувальник (форма В). Для статистичної обробки даних застосовано кластернийаналіз, кореляційний аналіз за Спірменом, U-критерій Манна-Уїтні. Результати. Компетентністьу часі в групі пов’язана з переживаннями плинучасу як швидкого (rs=-.188; p=.027), обмеженого(rs=-.265; p=.002), і на рівні тенденції – як цільного(rs=.143; p=.093) і різноманітного (rs=.157; p=.064).З використанням кластерного аналізу в групі було виділено підгрупу 1 (n=64) і підгрупу 2 (n=75).Встановлено переваги підгрупи 1 над підгрупою2 за показниками компетентності у часі (U=172.00;p<.001) та врівноваженості (U=708.00; p<.001).У підгрупі 1 досліджувані порівняно більше орієнтовані на копінги уникнення (U=1811.00; p=.013)та відволікання (U=1861.00; p=.022), а в підгрупі 2 –на емоційне реагування в стресі (U=1120.00;p<.001). Було встановлено, що в досліджуваних підгрупи 2 порівняно сильніші переживання часу якобмеженого (U=1762.00; p=.006) і як роздробленого(U=1983.50; p=.073). У групі копінг, орієнтованийна вирішення завдання, корелює з переживаннямиплину часу як швидкого (rs=.183; p=.031), наповненого (rs=.361; p<.001), приємного (rs=.182; p=.032),різноманітного (rs=.175; p=.040), організованого(rs=.296; p<.001); копінг, орієнтований на емоції,корелює з переживаннями плину часу як швидкого (rs=.208; p=.014), стрибкоподібного (rs=.256;p=.002), роздробленого (rs=.222; p=.009), обмеженого (rs=.182; p=.032). Висновки. Повноціннепозитивне переживання досліджуваними моментутеперішнього (як цільного, безмежного, повільноплинного) пов’язане з наданням переваги свідомокерованим, прийнятним у стресовій ситуації варіантам копінг-поведінки. Емоційно зорієнтованакопінг-поведінка студентів прямо корелює з проблемними особливостями особистості та з переживаннями фрагментації, розпаду плину часу. Застосування студентами копінгу, орієнтованого навирішення завдань у стресових ситуаціях, обмежується недостатньою цілісністю особистого досвіду,що формується, пов’язане з переживаннями плинучасу як наповненого, приємного, різноманітного,організованого, але й швидкоплинного.
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Nair, Sandeep V., Thazhath Mavali Ramachandran, Prajob Prasad Geevarghese, N. Sunil Kumar, and Shine J. Pakalomattom. "Rigid Sigmoidoscopic Examination, an Investigation Down but Not Out: A 5-Year Single-Center Experience on 9418 Patients." Journal of Digestive Endoscopy 10, no. 01 (January 2019): 044–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jde.jde_55_18.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Background: Rigid sigmoidoscopy (RS) in the present era of flexible sigmoidoscopies is falling out of favor although it continues to be used in some centers as an outpatient (OP) department procedure. Aims: This study aims to determine the utility of RS for diagnosis of rectosigmoidal pathologies in the OP setting with emphasis on neoplastic lesions. Methods: We retrospectively studied the RS records and histopathology reports (HPRs) of 5 years (July 2013–June 2018) done in the Department of Gastroenterology at Medical College Calicut. Results: During the study period, 9418 RS examinations were done, and a total of 6921 abnormalities were picked up, giving a diagnostic yield of 73.5%. Most common indication was bleeding per rectum (PR) (51%), followed by constipation (29%). The most common lesion found was hemorrhoids 39.8% followed by proctitis 13.7%, neoplasms 9.7%, and others 10.3% while 26.5% studies were normal. HPRs showed 7.7% to be malignant, 5.8% were adenoma, 12.2% were inflammatory bowel disease ulcerative colitis (IBD UC), 2.2% were solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, 1.2% nonspecific colitis, 1.7% nonneoplastic polyps, 2.7% were normal, and 1.4% were inconclusive. Of the 4812 patients with complaints of bleeding PR, 4739 (98.5%) had a diagnosis after RS, of which hemorrhoids (72.7%) was the most common cause followed by proctitis (14.2%), neoplasm (9%), and others (4.1%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of RS in detecting neoplasia was 98.2%, 96.8%, 66.1%, and 99.9%, respectively, when HPR was gold standard. RS was found to be effective for assessing activity in IBD UC. Conclusion: RS is a simple, cheap, and effective tool for diagnosing various rectosigmoid pathologies. RS can be used as an effective screening test for rectosigmoid pathologies, especially neoplasia and IBD UC.
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Gupta, J. K., Krishna Avatar Meena, and M. L. Meena. "Comparative Economics of Different Management Tactics by Novel Insecticides against Pest Complex on Capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.) under Protected Conditions." Environment and Ecology 42, no. 2A (May 2024): 732–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.60151/envec/tglm7980.
Abstract:
Field experiment was conducted under shade net house at Hi-Tech Horticulture Farm, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura (Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner), Jaipur, Rajasthan to work out the economics and cost benefit ratio of different management strategies by three spraying of eleven bio-rationale and newer pesticides against Yellow Mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks), thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover, Myzus persicae Sulzer), Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and Beat army worm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) during summer 2014 and 2015 on capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.). The result on the basis of pooled data indicated that maximum net profit of Rs 77185/ha was obtained in the treatment of fipronil 0.005% with the yield of 51.46 q/ha followed by emamectin benzoate 0.002% (Rs 67422/ha) with the yield of 49.77 q/ha. The minimum net profit of Rs 23840/ha was recorded in the treatment of NSKE 5% followed by azadirachtin 0.0003% (Rs 29876). The net profit ranging from Rs 53613/ha to Rs 60263/ha was computed in the treatment of acephate (Rs 53613/ha), spiromesifen (Rs 59971/ha), spinosad (Rs 58262/ha) and indoxacarb (Rs 60263/ha), whereas, Rs 39125/ha to 41476/ha was found in propargite and novaluron. The maximum incremental cost benefit ratio (1:20.23) was found in fipronil (0.005%) followed by 1:17.99 in the treatment of acephate (0.075%). The minimum ICBR (1:4.64) was recorded in the treatments of novaluron followed by spinosad (1:5.96). Study revealed that three spray of fipronil 5 SC @ 1 ml/l or emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 0.4 g/l can be suggested to the farmers for the management of pest complex on capsicum under shade net house conditions during summer for off season production.
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Konca, Yusuf, Mahmut Kaliber, Hasan Huseyin Uzkulekci, Behzat Cimen, and Hasan Yalcin. "The Effect of Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) Supplementation to Diet on the Performance, Egg and Meat Quality, Antioxidant Activity in Laying Quail." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): 3617–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5012-13.
Abstract:
This study was conducted to determine the effects of rosehip (RS, Rosa canina L.) supplementation on the performance, carcass traits, meat quality, serum antioxidant activity, egg yolk pigmentation and fatty acid composition of laying quail. A total of 120 10-week-old laying quail were divided into 5 treatment groups with 8 replicates. The treatments were as follows: the first group was fed control diet (C, no rosehip addition), other groups (2, 3, 4 and 5) were fed with diets containing 2.5, 5, 10 and 15% RS, respectively. The body weight (BW), feed consumption (FC) and egg yield were not affected by the treatments. However, egg weight and egg mass increased with 5 and 10% RS supplementation (P<0.01). The breast meat’s dry matter, crude protein, ash, fat, drip loss, thawing loss, cooking loss, postmortem pH1 values and the colour were not statistically influenced by RS supplementation. Rosehip supplementation caused a decrease in the L* values of egg yolk colour, however, the redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) values of the egg yolk was higher than that of the C group (P<0.01). Rosehip supplementation did not change the fatty acid composition of egg yolk. Rosehip addition at 2.5 and 5% ratio to diets decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels (P<0.01); while addition of 10 and 15% RS caused an increase in serum MDA and decrease in serum SOD levels compared to C group (P<0.01). In conclusion, rosehip as a feed ingredient in quail diets can be used to increase egg weight, egg mass and egg yolk pigmentation and low (2.5 and 5%) RS supplementation may decrease serum oxidant activity but not high concentrations (10 and 15%) of RS.
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Younes, Hassan, Christian Demigné, and Christian Rémésy. "Acidic fermentation in the caecum increases absorption of calcium and magnesium in the large intestine of the rat." British Journal of Nutrition 75, no. 2 (February 1996): 301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bjn19960132.
Abstract:
AbstractThe effect of fermentation on colonic absorption of Ca and Mg was investigated in 8-week-old rats adapted to diets containing either digestible wheat starch (DS diets) or including resistant starch, i.e. 350 g raw potato starch/kg (RS diets). The dietary Ca level of the DS and RS diets was 2·5 or 7·5 g/kg. RS diets resulted in enlargements of the caecum together with hypertrophy of the caecal wall. Acidification of the caecal contents by mictobial fermentation of RS was influenced by the dietary Ca level. Very acidic pH conditions and relatively low concentrations of short-chain fatty acids, in the presence of lactic acid fermentation, were observed with the 2·5 g Ca/kg level. Rats fed on RS diets had a bhigher pencentage of soluble Ca (and inorganic phosphate) in the caecum, particularly of rats adapted to the high Ca level. As a result of the hypertrophy of the caecal wall and of an elevated concentration of soluble Cas, the caecal absorption of Ca was 5-6 fold higher in the RS groups than in the DS groups. The difference between dietary intakle and faecal excretion (DI-FE) of Ca was higher in rats fed on RS diets than in those fed on DS diets, when the dietary Ca level was 2·5 g/kg. With the higher Ca intake the elevated rate of Ca absorption from the caecum in RS-fed rats was not paralleled by an enhanced DI-EE difference: this suggests a shift of the Ca absorption towards the large intestine. Feeding Rs diets also enhanced Mg caecal absorption, resulting in the substatntially higher DI-FE difference for Mg, especially with the 2·5 g Ca/kg diets, because a high Ca intake tends to inhibit Mg absorption. The present findings support the view that the large intestine may represent a major site of Ca (and Mg) absorption when acidic fermentations take place. This process could improve the digestive Ca balance when the dietary Ca supply is low; when the Ca supply is affluent, it rather shits Ca absorption towards a more distal site fo the digestive tract.