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Journal articles on the topic '4D Tracking'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Sola, V., R. Arcidiacono, A. Bellora, N. Cartiglia, F. Cenna, R. Cirio, S. Durando, et al. "Ultra-Fast Silicon Detectors for 4D tracking." Journal of Instrumentation 12, no. 02 (February 24, 2017): C02072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/12/02/c02072.

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2

Sadrozinski, Hartmut F.-W., Abraham Seiden, and Nicolò Cartiglia. "4D tracking with ultra-fast silicon detectors." Reports on Progress in Physics 81, no. 2 (December 18, 2017): 026101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/aa94d3.

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3

Núñez, H. Escamilla, F. Mora Camino, and H. Bouadi. "Towards 4D Trajectory Tracking for Transport Aircraft." IFAC-PapersOnLine 50, no. 1 (July 2017): 8196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.1268.

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4

Verellen, D., T. Depuydt, T. Gevaert, N. Linthout, K. Tournel, M. Duchateau, T. Reynders, G. Storme, and M. De Ridder. "Gating and tracking, 4D in thoracic tumours." Cancer/Radiothérapie 14, no. 6-7 (October 2010): 446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canrad.2010.06.002.

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5

Wang, Mengjiao, Gregory C. Sharp, Simon Rit, Vivien Delmon, and Guangzhi Wang. "2D/4D marker-free tumor tracking using 4D CBCT as the reference image." Physics in Medicine and Biology 59, no. 9 (April 8, 2014): 2219–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/59/9/2219.

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6

Kaučić, Hrvoje, Domagoj Kosmina, Dragan Schwarz, Adlan Čehobašić, Vanda Leipold, Ivo Pedišić, Mihaela Mlinarić, Matea Lekić, Hrvoje Šobat, and Andreas Mack. "An Evaluation of Total Internal Motions of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer during SABR Using Calypso® Extracranial Tracking, and Its Possible Clinical Impact on Motion Management." Current Oncology 28, no. 6 (November 11, 2021): 4597–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28060389.

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(1) Background: the aims of this study were to determine the total extent of pancreatic cancer’s internal motions, using Calypso® extracranial tracking, and to indicate possible clinical advantages of continuous intrafractional fiducial-based tumor motion tracking during SABR. (2) Methods: thirty-four patients were treated with SABR for LAPC using Calypso® for motion management. Planning MSCTs in FB and DBH, and 4D-CTs were performed. Using data from Calypso® and 4D-CTs, the movements of the lesions in the CC, AP and LR directions, as well as the volumes of the 4D-CT-based ITV and the volumes of the Calypso®-based ITV were compared. (3) Results: significantly larger medians of tumor excursions were found with Calypso® than with 4D-CT: CC: 29 mm (p < 0.001); AP: 14 mm (p < 0.001) and LR: 11 mm (p < 0.039). The median volume of the Calypso®-based ITV was significantly larger than that of the 4D-CT based ITV (p < 0.001). (4) Conclusion: beside known respiratory-induced internal motions, pancreatic cancer seems to have significant additional motions which should be considered during respiratory motion management. Only direct and continuous intrafractional fiducial-based motion tracking seems to provide complete coverage of the target lesion with the prescribed isodose, which could allow for safe tumor dose escalation.

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7

Zhong, Bineng, Xiangnan Yang, Yingju Shen, Cheng Wang, Tian Wang, Zhen Cui, Hongbo Zhang, Xiaopeng Hong, and Duansheng Chen. "Higher order partial least squares for object tracking: A 4D-tracking method." Neurocomputing 215 (November 2016): 118–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2015.09.138.

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8

Wang, Zhehui, Q. Liu, W. Waganaar, J. Fontanese, D. James, and T. Munsat. "Four-dimensional (4D) tracking of high-temperature microparticles." Review of Scientific Instruments 87, no. 11 (July 8, 2016): 11D601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4955280.

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9

Friman, Ola, Anja Hennemuth, Andreas Harloff, Jelena Bock, Michael Markl, and Heinz-Otto Peitgen. "Probabilistic 4D blood flow tracking and uncertainty estimation." Medical Image Analysis 15, no. 5 (October 2011): 720–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2011.06.002.

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10

Vyas, Krunal, and Khushali Swaminarayan. "Tracking and Development of Fetal using 4D Sonography." International Journal of Medical Science 6, no. 3 (March 25, 2019): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23939117/ijms-v6i3p102.

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11

Buzurovic, I., K. Huang, M. Werner-Wasik, T. Biswas, A. P. Dicker, J. Galvin, Y. Yu, and T. Podder. "Dosimetric Evaluation of Tumor Tracking in 4D Radiotherapy." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 78, no. 3 (November 2010): S689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1599.

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12

Fox, P. J., S. Huang, J. Isaacson, X. Ju, and B. Nachman. "Beyond 4D tracking: using cluster shapes for track seeding." Journal of Instrumentation 16, no. 05 (May 1, 2021): P05001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/05/p05001.

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13

Staiano, A., R. Arcidiacono, M. Boscardin, G. F. Dalla Betta, N. Cartiglia, F. Cenna, M. Ferrero, et al. "Development of Ultra-Fast Silicon Detectors for 4D tracking." Journal of Instrumentation 12, no. 12 (December 6, 2017): C12012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/12/12/c12012.

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14

Neri, N., A. Cardini, R. Calabrese, M. Fiorini, E. Luppi, U. Marconi, and M. Petruzzo. "4D fast tracking for experiments at high luminosity LHC." Journal of Instrumentation 11, no. 11 (November 29, 2016): C11040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/11/c11040.

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15

Carnesecchi, F., R. Arcidiacono, N. Cartiglia, M. Ferrero, M. Mandurrino, V. Sola, and A. Staiano. "Development of ultra fast silicon detector for 4D tracking." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 936 (August 2019): 608–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.09.110.

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16

Fouras, A., R. Samarage, R. Carnibella, R. Moats, H. Pollack, K. Wong, and A. J. Olch. "A Motion Field Algorithm for Interfractional 4D Tumor Tracking." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 99, no. 2 (October 2017): E707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2303.

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17

Bisht, Ashish, Giacomo Borghi, Maurizio Boscardin, Matteo Centis Vignali, Francesco Ficorella, Omar Hammad Ali, and Giovanni Paternoster. "Characterization of novel trench-isolated LGADs for 4D tracking." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 1048 (March 2023): 167929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2022.167929.

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18

Silva, C., D. Mateus, M. Eiras, and S. Vieira. "Calypso® 4D Localization System: a review." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 13, no. 4 (August 5, 2014): 473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396914000223.

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AbstractPurposeCalypso® 4D Localization System is a system based on electromagnetic transponders detection enabling precise 3D localisation and continuous tracking of tumour target. This review intended to provide information in order to (1) show how Calypso® 4D Localization System works, (2) to present advantages and disadvantages of this system, (3) to gather information from several clinical studies and, finally, (4) to refer Calypso® System as a tool in dynamic multileaf collimator studies for target motion compensation.MethodsA structured search was carried out on B-On platform. The key words used in this research were ‘Calypso’, ‘Transponder’, ‘Electromagnetic Localization’, ‘Electromagnetic Tracking’, ‘Target Localization’, ‘Intrafraction Motion’ and ‘DMLC’.ReviewTreatment the implanted transponders are excited by an electromagnetic field and resonate back. These frequencies are detected and Calypso® software calculates the position of the transponders. If the movement detected is larger than the limits previously defined, irradiation can be stopped. The system has been proven to be submillimetre accurate.DiscussionCalypso® System has been presented as an accurate tool in prostate radiotherapy treatments. The application of this system to other clinical sites is being developed.ConclusionThe Calypso® System allows real-time localisation and monitoring of the target, without additional ionising radiation administration. It has been a very useful tool in prostate cancer treatment.

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19

Clendenen, N. J., C. B. Robards, and S. R. Clendenen. "A Standardized Method for 4D Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Nerve Blockade and Catheter Placement." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/920538.

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We present a standardized method for using four-dimensional ultrasound (4D US) guidance for peripheral nerve blocks. 4D US allows for needle tracking in multiple planes simultaneously and accurate measurement of the local anesthetic volume surrounding the nerve following injection. Additionally, the morphology and proximity of local anesthetic spread around the target nerve is clearly seen with the described technique. This method provides additional spatial information in real time compared to standard two-dimensional ultrasound.

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20

Mikula, Karol, Róbert Špir, and Nadine Peyriéras. "Numerical algorithm for tracking cell dynamics in 4D biomedical images." Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S 8, no. 5 (2015): 953–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/dcdss.2015.8.953.

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21

KOBAYASHI, Masakazu, and Hiroyuki TODA. "3D/4D Tracking Technique for Investigation of Grain Deformation Behavior." Journal of the Japan Society for Technology of Plasticity 54, no. 633 (2013): 881–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.9773/sosei.54.881.

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22

Suh, Y., A. Sawant, R. Venkat, and P. J. Keall. "4D IMRT Planning Based on a DMLC Motion Tracking Algorithm." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 72, no. 1 (September 2008): S619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.259.

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23

Reh, Andreas, Aleksandr Amirkhanov, Johann Kastner, Eduard Gröller, and Christoph Heinzl. "Fuzzy feature tracking: Visual analysis of industrial 4D-XCT data." Computers & Graphics 53 (December 2015): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2015.04.001.

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24

Xiong, G., and L. Xing. "Bifurcation Trajectory Tracking in 4D CT Images of the Lung." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 81, no. 2 (October 2011): S767. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1182.

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25

Turkan, Yelda, Frederic Bosche, Carl T. Haas, and Ralph Haas. "Automated progress tracking using 4D schedule and 3D sensing technologies." Automation in Construction 22 (March 2012): 414–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2011.10.003.

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26

Nunes, Carlos, Elisa Jiménez-Ortega, Rafael Linares-Dobado, and Antonio Leal. "SYSTEM FOR 4D DOSE VERIFICATION AND MLC TRACKING TREATMENT PLANNING." Physica Medica 104 (December 2022): S123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1120-1797(22)02409-7.

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27

Jung, Julip, and Helen Hong. "Tumor Motion Tracking during Radiation Treatment using Image Registration and Tumor Matching between Planning 4D MDCT and Treatment 4D CBCT." Journal of KIISE 43, no. 3 (March 15, 2016): 353–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5626/jok.2016.43.3.353.

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28

Han, Min Cheol, Jihun Kim, Chae-Seon Hong, Kyung Hwan Chang, Su Chul Han, Kwangwoo Park, Dong Wook Kim, et al. "Performance Evaluation of Deformable Image Registration Algorithms Using Computed Tomography of Multiple Lung Metastases." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 21 (January 2022): 153303382210784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330338221078464.

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Purpose: Various deformable image registration (DIR) methods have been used to evaluate organ deformations in 4-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) images scanned during the respiratory motions of a patient. This study assesses the performance of 10 DIR algorithms using 4D CT images of 5 patients with fiducial markers (FMs) implanted during the postoperative radiosurgery of multiple lung metastases. Methods: To evaluate DIR algorithms, 4D CT images of 5 patients were used, and ground-truths of FMs and tumors were generated by physicians based on their medical expertise. The positions of FMs and tumors in each 4D CT phase image were determined using 10 DIR algorithms, and the deformed results were compared with ground-truth data. Results: The target registration errors (TREs) between the FM positions estimated by optical flow algorithms and the ground-truth ranged from 1.82 ± 1.05 to 1.98 ± 1.17 mm, which is within the uncertainty of the ground-truth position. Two algorithm groups, namely, optical flow and demons, were used to estimate tumor positions with TREs ranging from 1.29 ± 1.21 to 1.78 ± 1.75 mm. With respect to the deformed position for tumors, for the 2 DIR algorithm groups, the maximum differences of the deformed positions for gross tumor volume tracking were approximately 4.55 to 7.55 times higher than the mean differences. Errors caused by the aforementioned difference in the Hounsfield unit values were also observed. Conclusions: We quantitatively evaluated 10 DIR algorithms using 4D CT images of 5 patients and compared the results with ground-truth data. The optical flow algorithms showed reasonable FM-tracking results in patient 4D CT images. The iterative optical flow method delivered the best performance in this study. With respect to the tumor volume, the optical flow and demons algorithms delivered the best performance.

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29

Ipsen, Svenja, Ralf Bruder, Esben Schjødt Worm, Rune Hansen, Per Rugaard Poulsen, Morten Høyer, and Achim Schweikard. "Simultaneous acquisition of 4D ultrasound and wireless electromagnetic tracking for in-vivo accuracy validation." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 3, no. 2 (September 7, 2017): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2017-0016.

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AbstractUltrasound is being increasingly investigated for real-time target localization in image-guided interventions. Yet, in-vivo validation remains challenging due to the difficulty to obtain a reliable ground truth. For this purpose, real-time volumetric (4D) ultrasound imaging was performed simultaneously with electromagnetic localization of three wireless transponders implanted in the liver of a radiotherapy patient. 4D ultrasound and electromagnetic tracking were acquired at framerates of 12Hz and 8Hz, respectively, during free breathing over 8 min following treatment. The electromagnetic antenna was placed directly above and the ultrasound probe on the right side of the patient to visualize the liver transponders. It was possible to record 25.7 s of overlapping ultrasound and electromagnetic position data of one transponder. Good spatial alignment with 0.6 mm 3D root-mean-square error between both traces was achieved using a rigid landmark transform. However, data acquisition was impaired since the electromagnetic tracking highly influenced the ultrasound equipment and vice versa. High intensity noise streaks appeared in the ultrasound scan lines irrespective of the chosen frequency (1.7-3.3 MHz, 2/4 MHz harmonic). To allow for target visualization and tracking in the ultrasound volumes despite the artefacts, an online filter was designed where corrupted pixels in the newest ultrasound frame were replaced with non-corrupted pixels from preceding frames. Aside from these artefacts, the recorded electromagnetic tracking data was fragmented and only the transponder closest to the antenna could be detected over a limited period of six consecutive breathing cycles. This problem was most likely caused by interference from the metal holder of the ultrasound probe and was solved in a subsequent experiment using a 3D-printed non-metal probe fixation. Real-time wireless electromagnetic tracking was compared with 4D ultrasound imaging in-vivo for the first time. For stable tracking, large metal components need to be avoided during data acquisition and ultrasound filtering is required.

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30

Dong, Guoya, Chenglong Zhang, Lei Deng, Yulin Zhu, Jingjing Dai, Liming Song, Ruoyan Meng, Tianye Niu, Xiaokun Liang, and Yaoqin Xie. "A deep unsupervised learning framework for the 4D CBCT artifact correction." Physics in Medicine & Biology 67, no. 5 (March 3, 2022): 055012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ac55a5.

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Abstract Objective. Four-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (4D CBCT) has unique advantages in moving target localization, tracking and therapeutic dose accumulation in adaptive radiotherapy. However, the severe fringe artifacts and noise degradation caused by 4D CBCT reconstruction restrict its clinical application. We propose a novel deep unsupervised learning model to generate the high-quality 4D CBCT from the poor-quality 4D CBCT. Approach. The proposed model uses a contrastive loss function to preserve the anatomical structure in the corrected image. To preserve the relationship between the input and output image, we use a multilayer, patch-based method rather than operate on entire images. Furthermore, we draw negatives from within the input 4D CBCT rather than from the rest of the dataset. Main results. The results showed that the streak and motion artifacts were significantly suppressed. The spatial resolution of the pulmonary vessels and microstructure were also improved. To demonstrate the results in the different directions, we make the animation to show the different views of the predicted correction image in the supplementary animation. Significance. The proposed method can be integrated into any 4D CBCT reconstruction method and maybe a practical way to enhance the image quality of the 4D CBCT.

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31

Urmeneta Ulloa, Javier, Vicente Martínez de Vega, Javier López Opitz, Hugo Mart´nez Fernández, and José Ángel Cabrera. "Cardiorresonancia magnética - 4D Flow e insuficiencia de válvulas auriculoventriculares: destinados a entenderse." Revista de Ecocardiografía Práctica y Otras Técnicas de Imagen Cardíaca 5, no. 2 (August 7, 2022): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37615/retic.v5n2a8.

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La cardiorresonancia magnética-4DFlow permite la valoración de flujos en las tres dimensiones del espacio dentro del volumen tridimensional adquirido. Con esta técnica, a través de método indirecto, así como el cálculo directo mediante el seguimiento valvular; “valve-tracking”, y de flujo, “flow-tracking”, es factible la evaluación cuali-cuantitativa de insuficiencias aurículo-ventriculares. Se muestra la utilidad de esta novedosa tecnología en pacientes con insuficiencia mitral y tricuspídea como técnica de imagen diagnóstica complementaria.

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32

Yan, Bo, Hua Zhang, Luping Xu, Yu Chen, and Hongmin Lu. "A Novel 4D Track-before-Detect Approach for Weak Targets Detection in Clutter Regions." Remote Sensing 13, no. 23 (December 5, 2021): 4942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13234942.

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A 4D TBD approach is developed here for closely weak extended target tracking and overcoming heterogeneous clutter background and various clutter regions. The 4D measurements in this work are the points containing three positional information in spatial space and corresponding timestamp. The proposed method is mainly designed to address two issues. The first one is the dilemma between the weak target detection and difficult computation originating from the high dimensions of measurement. The second issue is the suppression of inhomogeneous background clutter and various clutter regions. The extension experiment using synthetic data showcases that no false alarm track would be built in the clutter regions, and the detection rate of close targets exceeds 94%. The experiments using real 3D radar also prove that the method works well in tracking closely maneuvering extended targets even if a clutter region exists.

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33

Graeff, Christian, Anna Constantinescu, Robert Lüchtenborg, Marco Durante, and Christoph Bert. "Multigating, a 4D Optimized Beam Tracking in Scanned Ion Beam Therapy." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 13, no. 6 (December 2014): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.7785/tcrtexpress.2013.600277.

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34

Banerjee, Jyotirmoy, Camiel Klink, Wiro J. Niessen, Adriaan Moelker, and Theo van Walsum. "4D Ultrasound Tracking of Liver and its Verification for TIPS Guidance." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 35, no. 1 (January 2016): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2015.2454056.

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35

LINGURARU, M., N. VASILYEV, G. MARX, W. TWORETZKY, P. DELNIDO, and R. HOWE. "Fast block flow tracking of atrial septal defects in 4D echocardiography." Medical Image Analysis 12, no. 4 (August 2008): 397–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2007.12.005.

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36

Suh, Y., E. Weiss, and P. Keall. "A Deliverable 4D IMRT Planning Method for DMLC Tumor Tracking Delivery." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 69, no. 3 (November 2007): S190—S191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.344.

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37

Eley, John Gordon, Wayne David Newhauser, Robert Lüchtenborg, Christian Graeff, and Christoph Bert. "4D optimization of scanned ion beam tracking therapy for moving tumors." Physics in Medicine and Biology 59, no. 13 (June 3, 2014): 3431–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/59/13/3431.

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38

Buzurovic, I., Y. Yu, M. Werner-Wasik, T. Biswas, P. R. Anne, A. P. Dicker, and T. K. Podder. "Implementation and experimental results of 4D tumor tracking using robotic couch." Medical Physics 39, no. 11 (October 26, 2012): 6957–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.4758064.

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39

Buzurovic, I., K. Huang, Y. Yu, and T. K. Podder. "A robotic approach to 4D real-time tumor tracking for radiotherapy." Physics in Medicine and Biology 56, no. 5 (February 1, 2011): 1299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/56/5/005.

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40

Lakkis, Susan Gabriela, Pablo Canziani, Adrián Yuchechen, Leandro Rocamora, Agustin Caferri, Kevin Hodges, and Alan O'Neill. "A 4D feature‐tracking algorithm: A multidimensional view of cyclone systems." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 145, no. 719 (January 2019): 395–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.3436.

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41

Cheng, Y., and F. J. Diez. "A 4D imaging tool for Lagrangian particle tracking in stirred tanks." AIChE Journal 57, no. 8 (October 11, 2010): 1983–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.12429.

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42

Wang, Zichen, Parth Natekar, Challana Tea, Sharon Tamir, Hiroyuki Hakozaki, and Johannes Schöneberg. "Mitochondrial temporal network tracking for 4D live-cell fluorescence microscopy data." Biophysical Journal 122, no. 3 (February 2023): 98a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.721.

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43

Nogué, Laura, Olga Gómez, Nora Izquierdo, Cristina Mula, Narcís Masoller, Josep M. Martínez, Eduard Gratacós, Greggory Devore, Fàtima Crispi, and Mar Bennasar. "Feasibility of 4D-Spatio Temporal Image Correlation (STIC) in the Comprehensive Assessment of the Fetal Heart Using FetalHQ®." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 5 (March 4, 2022): 1414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051414.

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Fetal Heart Quantification (FetalHQ®) is a novel speckle tracking software that permits the study of global and regional ventricular shape and function from a 2D four-chamber-view loop. The 4D-Spatio Temporal Image Correlation (STIC) modality enables the offline analysis of optimized and perfectly aligned cardiac planes. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and reproducibility of 4D-STIC speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) using FetalHQ® and to compare it to 2D STE. We conducted a prospective study including 31 low-risk singleton pregnancies between 20 and 40 weeks of gestation. Four-chamber view volumes and 2D clips were acquired with an apex pointing at 45° and with a frame rate higher than 60 Hz. Morphometric and functional echocardiography was performed by FetalHQ®. Intra- and interobserver reproducibility were evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Our results showed excellent reproducibility (ICC > 0.900) for morphometric evaluation (biventricular area, longitudinal and transverse diameters). Reproducibility was also good (ICC > 0.800) for functional evaluation (biventricular strain, Fractional Area Change, left ventricle volumes, ejection fraction and cardiac output). On the contrary, the study of the sphericity index and shortening fraction of the different ventricular segments showed lower reproducibility (ICC < 0.800). To conclude, 4D-STIC is feasible, reproducible and comparable to 2D echocardiography for the assessment of cardiac morphometry and function.

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44

Best, Matthew, Miho Jean Tanaka, Shadpour Demehri, and Andrew J. Cosgarea. "Accuracy and Reliability of The Visual Assessment of Patellar Tracking." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 3_suppl2 (March 1, 2019): 2325967119S0019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00198.

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Objectives: Clinicians treating patients with patellar instability describe abnormal tracking as a “J sign” when the patella exhibits excessive lateral displacement as the knee is actively extended. The purpose of this study is to determine the accuracy and reliability of the visual assessment of patellar tracking among patellofemoral experts when compared to objective radiographic measurements. Methods: Active knee extension was video recorded and a dynamic CT scan (4D CT) was obtained in study patients being evaluated for patellar instability. Patellar bisect offset (BO) was measured directly from the 4D CT at 10-degree increments from 0-50 degrees of flexion. The greatest BO value was used to determine quadrants of lateral translation. Practicing orthopedic surgeons from the International Patellofemoral Study Group (IPSG) were asked to view videos and determine the presence or absence of maltracking (2 or more quadrants of lateral translation) in 10 single-knee videos (qualitative analysis). Participants were then asked to grade patella tracking in 20 different single-knee videos (quantitative analysis). J-sign grade was defined as follows: grade 0 - less than 1 patellar quadrant of lateral translation; grade 1 - at least 1 but less than 2 quadrants; grade 2 - at least 2 but less than 3 quadrants; grade 3 - 3 or more quadrants lateral translation. Results: Thirty-two practicing orthopedic surgeon IPSG members completed the survey. In the qualitative analysis, the videos were correctly identified as demonstrating patellar maltracking 68% of the time (free marginal kappa= 0.44). In the quantitative analysis, 53% of survey participants identified grade 3 J sign correctly, 51% correctly identified grade 2, 48% correctly identified grade 1, and 68% correctly identified grade 0 (free marginal kappa= 0.42). Conclusion: This is the first study to compare visual assessment of patellar tracking with objective BO measurements from 4D CT. Using visual assessment alone, patellofemoral experts were able to correctly identify the presence of patellar maltracking in only two-thirds of the videos and were able to correctly grade patellar maltracking in only half. There is inadequate interobserver agreement (free marginal kappa<0.70) to support the use visual assessment alone in determining the presence or degree of patellar maltracking, reinforcing the importance of objective radiographic measurements.

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Mitchell, Claire, Lauryanne Caroff, Jose Alonso Solis-Lemus, Constantino Carlos Reyes-Aldasoro, Alessandra Vigilante, Fiona Warburton, Fabrice de Chaumont, et al. "Cell Tracking Profiler – a user-driven analysis framework for evaluating 4D live-cell imaging data." Journal of Cell Science 133, no. 22 (October 22, 2020): jcs241422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.241422.

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ABSTRACTAccurate measurements of cell morphology and behaviour are fundamentally important for understanding how disease, molecules and drugs affect cell function in vivo. Here, by using muscle stem cell (muSC) responses to injury in zebrafish as our biological paradigm, we established a ‘ground truth’ for muSC behaviour. This revealed that segmentation and tracking algorithms from commonly used programs are error-prone, leading us to develop a fast semi-automated image analysis pipeline that allows user-defined parameters for segmentation and correction of cell tracking. Cell Tracking Profiler (CTP) is a package that runs two existing programs, HK Means and Phagosight within the Icy image analysis suite, to enable user-managed cell tracking from 3D time-lapse datasets to provide measures of cell shape and movement. We demonstrate how CTP can be used to reveal changes to cell behaviour of muSCs in response to manipulation of the cell cytoskeleton by small-molecule inhibitors. CTP and the associated tools we have developed for analysis of outputs thus provide a powerful framework for analysing complex cell behaviour in vivo from 4D datasets that are not amenable to straightforward analysis.

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Wulff, Daniel, Ivo Kuhlemann, Floris Ernst, Achim Schweikard, and Svenja Ipsen. "Robust motion tracking of deformable targets in the liver using binary feature libraries in 4D ultrasound." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 5, no. 1 (September 1, 2019): 601–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2019-0151.

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AbstractIn radiation therapy of abdominal targets, optimal tumor irradiation can be challenging due to intrafractional motion. Current target localization methods are mainly indirect, surrogate-based and the patient is exposed to additional radiation due to X-ray imaging. In contrast, 4D ultrasound (4DUS) imaging provides volumetric images of soft tissue tumors in real-time without ionizing radiation, facilitating a non-invasive, direct tracking method. In this study, the target was defined by features located in its local neighborhood. Features were extracted using the FAST detector and the BRISK descriptor, which were extended to 3D. To account for anatomical variability, a feature library was generated that contains manually annotated target information and relative locations of the features. During tracking, features were extracted from the current 4DUS volume and compared to the feature library. Recognized features are used to estimate feature position and shape. The developed method was evaluated in 4DUS sequences of the liver of three healthy subjects. For each dataset, a target was defined and manually contoured in a training and a test sequence. Training was used for library creation, the test sequence for target tracking. The target estimations are compared to the annotations to quantify a tracking error. The results show that binary feature libraries can be used for robust target localization in 4DUS data of the liver and could potentially serve as a tracking method less sensitive to target deformation.

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Kobayashi, Masakazu, Hiroyuki Toda, Kentaro Uesugi, and Toshiro Kobayashi. "4D Visualization of Deformation Behavior in Grains by Grain-boundary Particles Tracking." Materia Japan 46, no. 12 (2007): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia.46.816.

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Tang, Eric M., Mohamed T. El-Haddad, Shriji N. Patel, and Yuankai K. Tao. "Automated instrument-tracking for 4D video-rate imaging of ophthalmic surgical maneuvers." Biomedical Optics Express 13, no. 3 (February 15, 2022): 1471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/boe.450814.

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leung, W. K., E. P. P. Pang, S. K. T. Cheung, W. H. Mui, B. B. W. Wo, H. Liu, J. C. W. Siang, et al. "PD-0941 Feasibility of prostatic calcifications tracking using 4D transperineal ultrasound (TPUS)." Radiotherapy and Oncology 161 (August 2021): S783—S784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07220-0.

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Chebrolu, Venkata V., Daniel Saenz, Dinesh Tewatia, William A. Sethares, George Cannon, and Bhudatt R. Paliwal. "Rapid Automated Target Segmentation and Tracking on 4D Data without Initial Contours." Radiology Research and Practice 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/547075.

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Purpose. To achieve rapid automated delineation of gross target volume (GTV) and to quantify changes in volume/position of the target for radiotherapy planning using four-dimensional (4D) CT.Methods and Materials. Novel morphological processing and successive localization (MPSL) algorithms were designed and implemented for achieving autosegmentation. Contours automatically generated using MPSL method were compared with contours generated using state-of-the-art deformable registration methods (usingElastix©and MIMVista software). Metrics such as the Dice similarity coefficient, sensitivity, and positive predictive value (PPV) were analyzed. The target motion tracked using the centroid of the GTV estimated using MPSL method was compared with motion tracked using deformable registration methods.Results. MPSL algorithm segmented the GTV in 4DCT images in27.0±11.1seconds per phase (512×512resolution) as compared to142.3±11.3seconds per phase for deformable registration based methods in 9 cases. Dice coefficients between MPSL generated GTV contours and manual contours (considered as ground-truth) were0.865±0.037. In comparison, the Dice coefficients between ground-truth and contours generated using deformable registration based methods were 0.909 ± 0.051.Conclusions. The MPSL method achieved similar segmentation accuracy as compared to state-of-the-art deformable registration based segmentation methods, but with significant reduction in time required for GTV segmentation.

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