Dissertations / Theses on the topic '49N90'
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Oozeer, Muhammad Yaasiin. "On the occurrence and transport of biomass burning haze in south-southeast Asia using observation data and computational methods." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49090/.
Full textMurphy, Linda Mary. "Reflection and the distance language learner." Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://oro.open.ac.uk/49390/.
Full textRumbelow, Judith. "Experiencing NVQs : a qualitative study of the experiences of secretarial/clerical staff at the Open University working on Customer Service NVQs." Thesis, Open University, 2005. http://oro.open.ac.uk/49290/.
Full textPedrielli, Luca. "Oxymoron,progetto di un grattacielo direzionale a Shenzhen, Cina applicazione della Soft Kill Option (SKO) nella progettazione architettonica." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4990/.
Full textAtueyi, Kene Chukwu. "Implementing management information systems in the National Health Service." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1991. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/4990/.
Full textJensen, Alexander Soenderup. "The struggle for language : John's Gospel as a witness to the development of the early Christian language of faith." Thesis, Durham University, 1997. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4990/.
Full textBaah, Emmanuel Mensah. "Analysis of data on spontaneous reports of adverse events associated with drugs." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4990/.
Full textDagiloke, I. F. "Computer aided process parameter selection for high speed machining." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1995. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/4990/.
Full textMassari, Saverio Francesco <1980>. "La Comunità Energetica del Sud Est Europa quale fattore di stabilità nell’area Balcanica." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4990/.
Full textThe aim of my thesis is to evaluate the possible role of the Energy Community South East Europe as a factor of stability in the Balkans. The founding Treaty gives to the Community the goal to create and improve the cooperation in energy field to promote shared norms and institutions, as elements to overcome the conflict period: however, there are many obstacles on this path since domestic and external factors, due to the influence of international powers interested in the area. Many Countries in the region have not concluded the transition process yet and there are many political problems following the processes of disintegration of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. On the other hand, the European Union, United States and Russia, energy corridor projects planned in the region are focusing on the Balkans important interests on geo political point of view. These dynamics could affect the processes and policy choices in the area. The background of the whole scenario is another important factor that is contributing to the dynamics in progress: the economic crisis has shown its presence even in the Balkan region and this creates significant imbalances that need to be evaluated on the light of processes of cooperation such as the Energy Community .
Pereira, Marlene Gomes. "Caracterização do óleo de sementes de maracujá doce (Passiflora alata Curtis) e de maracujá azedo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) obtido por diferentes métodos de extração." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/49390.
Full textCoorientadora : Profª Drª Agnes de Paula Scheer
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Alimentos. Defesa: Curitiba, 25/08/2017
Inclui referências : f. 98-118
Resumo: No Brasil, parte da produção de maracujá cultivado sob o sistema orgânico é utilizado por algumas indústrias para a fabricação de sucos e geleias. Este processamento gera resíduos, como as sementes, que são subutilizadas. Devido ao interesse em identificar um melhor aproveitamento dessas sementes e da escassez de pesquisas sobre o uso do propano no estado subcrítico na extração de óleos de fontes vegetais, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial da tecnologia subcrítica utilizando o propano comprimido na recuperação do óleo de sementes de maracujá doce (Passiflora alata Curtis) e de maracujá azedo (P. edulis f. flavicarpa) orgânicos e comparar os rendimentos e a qualidade dos óleos obtidos por essa tecnologia com as técnicas de extração em Soxhlet utilizando n-hexano e etanol como solventes e com a extração assistida por ultrassom utilizando etanol como solvente. A extração com propano comprimido foi realizada em escala piloto, nas seguintes combinações de pressão e temperatura: 2 MPa-30 °C, 2 MPa-60 °C e 8 MPa-30 °C, por 180 minutos. Testes preliminares foram feitos para identificar os parâmetros de processo que proporcionassem o maior rendimento para a extração assistida por ultrassom e os resultados indicaram a razão de semente:solvente (m/v) de 1:50 e a temperatura de 60 °C como sendo as melhores condições de processo. Foram obtidas imagens de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) das sementes antes e após os processos de extração. Foram realizadas análises para a caracterização físico-química, do perfil dos ácidos graxos, da estabilidade térmica, além da identificação de tocoferóis e da análise da atividade antioxidante e antimicrobiana dos óleos. Os maiores rendimentos foram de 28,33% e 26,12% para o óleo de sementes de maracujá doce e azedo orgânicos, respectivamente, utilizando a extração em Soxhlet com n-hexano. Entre as técnicas não convencionais, a extração com propano comprimido resultou nos maiores rendimentos, de 24,68% para o óleo de sementes de maracujá azedo orgânico obtido a 8 MPa e 30 °C e 23,68% para o óleo de sementes de maracujá doce orgânico obtido a 2 MPa e 60 °C. As imagens de MEV demonstraram o intenso efeito das extrações utilizando Soxhlet com n-hexano e com propano comprimido sobre as células oleosas das sementes, o que permitiu maior liberação de óleo dessas estruturas, resultando em alto rendimento de extração. As características físico-químicas dos óleos atendem a legislação vigente e são compatíveis com as de outros óleos vegetais comestíveis. Os óleos são ricos em ácidos graxos poli-insaturados, sendo o ácido linoleico predominante e presente em quantidade significativamente maior no maracujá doce (maior valor de 72,89%, obtido a 8 MPa-30 °C). As extrações com propano comprimido a 30 °C e pressão de 2 e 8 MPa proporcionaram porcentagens maiores de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados nos óleos em relação aos outros métodos. Foram identificados os homólogos ?-, ?- e ?-tocoferol em todos os óleos estudados. Os óleos apresentaram alta estabilidade térmica até 300 °C. Todos os óleos apresentaram atividade antioxidante bem como inibiram o crescimento dos microrganismos Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus e Bacillus cereus. Palavras-chave: Extração subcrítica. Propano comprimido. Extração assistida por ultrassom. Semente de maracujá. Passiflora alata Curtis. Cultivo orgânico.
Abstract: In Brazil, part of the passion fruit cultivated under the organic system is used by some industries to manufacture juices and jellies. This processing generates residues, such as seeds, which are underutilized. Due to the interest in identify a better use of these seeds and the scarce researches on the use of compressed (subcritical) propane in the extraction of oils from vegetable sources, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potentialities of subcritical compressed propane technology to recover the oil from sweet (Passiflora alata Curtis) and yellow (P. edulis f. flavicarpa) passion fruit seeds and compare the results with Soxhlet extraction method using n-hexane and ethanol as solvents and ultrasound-assisted extraction using ethanol as solvent. The extraction with compressed propane was conducted in pilot scale in the following pressures and temperatures combination: 2 MPa-30 °C, 2 MPa-60 °C and 8 MPa-30 °C, for 180 minutes. Preliminary tests were done to identify process parameters that provided the highest yield for ultrasound-assisted extraction and the results indicated the ratio of 1:50 (seed:solvent; m/v) and the temperature of 60 °C as the best process conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were obtained from seeds before and after extraction processes. Analysis were carried out to identify the physico-chemical characterization, fatty acid profile, thermal stability, tocopherol content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the oils. The higher extraction yields were of 28.33% and 26.12% to the oils of organic P. alata and P. edulis, respectively, using Soxhlet extraction method with n-hexane. Among the unconventional techniques, extraction with compressed propane resulted in the highest yields, with 24.68% at 8 MPa-30 °C (organic P. edulis seed oil) and 23.68% at 2 MPa-60 °C (organic P. alata Curtis seed oil). SEM images demonstrated the intense effect of extractions using Soxhlet with n-hexane and with compressed propane on the oil-bearing cells of the seeds, which allowed greater oil release from these structures, resulting in high extraction yield. Regarding the physico-chemical characteristics of the oils, the results comply with the current legislation and are compatible with those of edible vegetable oils. The oils are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, with linoleic acid being predominant and present in significantly greater amounts in sweet passion fruit seed oil (higher value of 72.88% obtained at 8 MPa and 30 °C). The extraction with compressed propane at 30 °C and 2 and 8 MPa provided higher percentage of unsaturated fatty acids than other methods. The homologues ?-, ?- and ?-tocopherol were identified in all the oils studied. The oils presented high thermal stability up to 300 °C. All the oils presented antioxidant activity as well as inhibited the growth of the microorganisms Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. Keywords: Subcritical fluid extraction. Compressed propane. Ultrasound-assisted extraction. Passion fruit seed. Passiflora alata Curtis. Organic farming.
Morais, Edival de. "Emprego de experimentos fatoriais na redução de variaveis para o modelamento semi-empirico de uma tocha de plasma." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/49690.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física
Resumo: Considera-se o problema da redução de variáveis no modelamento semi-empírico das tochas de plasma. Experimentos fatoriais são usados como uma alternativa à abordagem descrita na literatura, na qual os grupos adimensionais que compSem o modelo são selecionados por tentativas. Emprega-se experimentos fatoriais no estudo de uma tocha de plasma projetada para aquecer ar comprimido, com catodo quente e estabilizada por escoamento em vórtice do gás plasmagênico. São avaliados os efeitos de mudanças na geometria da câmara de descarga sobre a relação tensão x corrente, o fluxo de calor para os eletrodos, o desgaste do catodo, o comprimento médio do arco, as amplitudes das variaçSes nesse comprimento e sobre a estabilidade da tocha. A análise dos resultados confirma os efeitos de mudanças no diâmetro do anodo sobre a relação tensão x corrente e sobre as perdas de calor para os eletrodos e indica a presença de outros.
Abstract: The problem of variables reduction in the semi-empirical modelling of plasma torches is considered. Factorial experiments are used as an alternative to the approach described in the literature, in which the dimensionless groups that constitute the model are selected by attempts. Factorial experiments are employed to study a plasma torch, with hot cathode, stabilized by longitudinal eddy-flow of the plasma gas and designed to heat air. The effects of changes on the geometry of the discharge chamber are evaluated over the characteristic voltage x current, the heat flux to the electrodes, the cathode wear, the mean arc length, the amplitude of the variations in this length and over the stability of the torch. The effects of changes on the anode diameter over caracteristic voltage x current and thermal loses at the electrodes are confirmed by this analysis. The presence of other effects are pointed out.
Figueiredo, Priscila Oliveira de Souza Donadello. "Estruturação de método para avaliação de desempenho energético de estações elevatórias de sistemas de abastecimento de água." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/49490.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Recursos Hídricos e Ambiental. Defesa: Curitiba, 11/03/2016
Inclui referências : f.112-116
Resumo: Diante de um panorama nacional e internacional de stress hídrico e energético, que tende a se acentuar nas próximas décadas por conta do crescimento populacional e da elevação nos padrões de consumo resultante do desenvolvimento socioeconômico de países pobres ou em desenvolvimento, a adoção de medidas de eficiência energética se torna cada vez mais necessária e urgente. Nesse sentido, e considerando que os sistemas de abastecimento de água (SAAs) respondem por aproximadamente 3% de toda a energia elétrica consumida no Brasil, sendo cerca de 90% desse consumo atribuído aos sistemas elevatórios, o presente trabalho se propôs a estruturar um método para a avaliação do desempenho energético de sistemas elevatórios de SAAs. Construído após a revisão de literatura, da qual foram selecionados os indicadores de consumo específico de energia (CE), de consumo específico de energia normalizado (CEN) e de consumo específico de energia por quilômetro de adutora (CEEL), esse método foi aplicado em dois estudos de casos, utilizando dados reais de duas estações elevatórias num período de dois e três anos. Além de demonstrar a aplicação do método no caso concreto, os resultados permitiram mensurar o desempenho energético das elevatórias nesse período e compará-los com os valores de referência encontrados na literatura. Entre outras conclusões, sugere-se que as operadoras dos sistemas definam os valores mínimos teóricos para cada indicador, a partir de suas próprias metas e expectativas, de modo a servir como elemento para verificação da eficiência energética. Palavras-chave: Desempenho energético; Eficiência energética; Indicadores de eficiência energética.
Abstract: Considering the water and energy stress in national and international level, which tends to be accentuated in the coming decades due to population growth and the increase of consumption that results from socio-economic development of poor and developing countries, the adoption of energy efficiency measures becomes increasingly necessary and urgent. Therefore, and considering that the water supply systems accounts for approximately 3% of all electricity consumed in Brazil, and that about 90% of this consumption is attributed to the pumping systems, this paper aims to design a method for evaluating the energy performance of pumping systems in water supply systems. Built upon the literature review, from which were selected the specific energy consumption indicator (CE), the normalized specific energy consumption indicator (CEN) and the specific energy consumption per kilometer of main water pipe (CEEL), this method was applied in two case studies using real data from two pumping stations within two years. In addition to demonstrating the application of the method in these cases, the results helped measure the energy performance of the lift systems during this period and compare them with the reference values established in the literature. Among other findings, it is suggested that the operators of the systems define the theoretical minimum values for each indicator, from its own goals and expectations, so as to serve as an element for verification of energy efficiency. Key-words: energy performance; energy efficiency; energy efficiency indicators.
Lu, Long. "Reinforcing the weakest link in cyber security: securing systems and software against attacks targeting unwary users." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49090.
Full textYi, Jung Sin 1972. "The study of the damping characteristics of a bimetallic structure for the design of silent high-performance gears." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49990.
Full textChang, Audrey M. B. A. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Balancing tax incentives with operational risks in captive overseas production facilities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49790.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 92-94).
Due to the general macroeconomic downturn, many companies have turned to offshoring - sending a function overseas - to reduce production costs. While some companies elect to outsource overseas production to outside companies, many companies choose to keep production in-house and therefore create captive production facilities overseas. In many countries, the government will provide financial incentives (e.g. tax breaks, loans, subsidies) to certain companies in exchange for creating employment opportunities and industry knowledge within their borders. These financial incentives may tempt companies to shift more and more functions overseas; however, in many cases, there are significant operational risks involved with shifting functions overseas. This thesis uses a six-month project as a case study for discussing ways to weigh financial benefits against operational risks. The project was conducted at the European headquarters of Spirit AeroSystems, the largest independent designer and manufacturer of independent aerostructures for the commercial aircraft industry. Spirit Europe recently launched a greenfield factory in Malaysia. Malaysia was selected as the factory site for a variety of reasons; among which was a long term tax incentive. This thesis describes the process and tools used to select an optimal transfer pricing relationship (i.e. scope of work to be performed overseas) and transaction methodology that would best monetize the long-term tax incentive without incurring unacceptable levels of operational risk.
(cont.) A comprehensive functional analysis was conducted to understand operational risk and economic value. Next, a Monte Carlo simulation was created to better understand project profitability. The results from the functional analysis and the Monte Carlo simulation are united to identify the optimal transfer pricing structure and methodology. The unintuitive result is that, for both operational and financial reasons, the scope of work transferred to the low tax jurisdiction (in this case, Spirit Malaysia) should be fairly limited for existing contracts.
by Audrey Chang.
S.M.
M.B.A.
Atwater, Harry A. (Harry Albert) 1960. "Ion beam enhanced grain growth in thin films." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49890.
Full textCiborowski, Matthew A. "Is planning failing? : the impacts of decision making processes on the Green Line Extension." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49690.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 117-119).
Research was conducted on the proposed Green Line Extension, a light rail corridor from Cambridge through Somerville and Medford, Massachusetts. The project is being undertaken by the Massachusetts Executive Office of Transportation and the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Due to legal commitments and agreements, the line must be in revenue service by December 31, 2014, or the state faces penalties. Interviews, literature review and personal experience come together to explore the process behind completing such a large, complex infrastructure project. It is theorized, and confirmed, that a strong articulated and utilized policy statement will help the state complete this project with greater speed and efficiency. In order to confirm this hypothesis, each problem facing the project process is broken down and examined for the ability to improve the project process. Findings include the need for greater accountability, organizational reform and regulation overhaul. The research is applicable not only to the current work on the Green Line Extension, but to similar infrastructure projects state- and nation-wide. Finally, the thesis proposes that trust in planners has failed in a variety of ways. This lack of trust manifests itself in poor projects and a poor process. Generating a greater level of trust in planners and the planning process will create significant improvements to future endeavors.
by Matthew A. Ciborowski.
M.C.P.
Salie, K. (Khalid). "The contribution of riparian vegetation to the species composition of the Jonkershoek Valley in Stellenbosch, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49790.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Many authors express the value of riparian vegetation in terms of the function and number of species per unit area. Although riparian vegetation is confined to narrow bands of plants along watercourses, kloofs and gullies, it is a specialised habitat for many species. To determine the contribution of riparian vegetation to the species richness of the Jonkershoek Valley, Western Cape Province, South Africa, a checklist was compiled, by referring to past research and to the PRECIS national database for the South African flora for a list of species recorded from the area. A total of 1 743 taxa and 108 families were included in this list for the Valley. Specific characteristics were attributed to each of the 1 743 species on the basis of characters determined from the literature. Analysis of these data indicates that woody perennial shrubs with sclerophyll leaves are the representative plant type for the study area as a whole. The specialist structural description of a riparian species in the Jonkershoek Valley is: an unbranched woody perennial phanerophyte of a height between 2.0-8.0 m with microphyllous sclerophyilleaves. This group contributes 63% towards the riparian flora. Riparian habitats occupy only 2.5% of the total study area but contribute 26% of the vascular plants. The riparian communities of the Santa Monica Mountains (USA) cover 0.7% of that mountain study area and provide a habitat for 20.5% of the total vascular plants of the area. Both areas, therefore, show a similar level of diversity. This remarkable species richness of riparian zones is consistent with that found in other riparian communities i.e. Sweden and France. The study area was sampled by means of relevés arranged along 53 transects through the main stem and it's tributaries. A total number of 139 relevés were recorded which were used to identify, characterise and describe the riparian communities. Eight vegetation units, consisting of two groups, three communities, two subcommunities and one form, were described. The one group described the riparian communities while the other described a seepage community. The bigger groups exhibit environmental properties over a broader spectrum, while smaller groups exhibit characteristic environmental properties. The vegetation is found to represent a continuum rather than discreet entities. Many indicator species are encountered in the communities. Because of the characteristic canopy-understorey physiognomy of riparian vegetation, many communities are interspersed, making it difficult to delineate discreet community boundaries. The vegetation of the riparian zone of the Eerste River in the Jonkershoek Valley, is relatively pristine. Thirty-six species not native to the Valley were included in the checklist of which only four were recorded during the phytosociological study.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Verskeie skrywers beklemtoon die kosbaarheid van rivieroewerplantegroei in terme van hul funksie en aantal spesies per oppervlakeenheid. Alhoewel rivieroewerplantegroei beperk is tot 'n noue band van plante langs waterweë, klowe en skeure, is dit 'n gespesialiseerde habitat vir baie spesies. Om die bydrae wat rivieroewerplantegroei tot die spesie-rykheid van die Jonkershoekvallei, Wes-Kaapprovinsie, Suid-Afrika te bereken, is 'n spesieslys saamgestel uit vorige studies en 'n PRECIS nasionale databasis vir die Suid-Afrikaanse flora waaruit 'n lys saamgestel is van spesies wat aangeteken is vir die area. 'n Totaal van 1 746 taxa uit 108 families is ingesluit in die plantelys. Vir elk van die 1 743 spesies, is spesifieke karakters uit die literatuur bepaal. 'n Analise hiervan dui aan dat die verteenwoordigende plant van die Jonkershoekvallei as gehele studie area 'n houtagtige, meerjarige struik met sklerofil blare is. Die spesialis strukturele beskrywing van 'n plant vir die Jonkershoekvallei is as volg: 'n onvertakte houtagtige meerjarige fanerofiet met 'n hoogte van 2.0-8.0 m met mikrofilliese sklerofil blare. Hierdie groep dra tot 63% by tot hierdie flora. Rivieroewer habitatte beslaan slegs 2.5% van die totale studie area, maar het tot 26% tot die vaatplante bygedra. Die Santa Monica Berge (VSA) se rivieroewerplantegroei bedek 0.7% van die bergagtige studie area en voorsien 'n habitat vir 20.5% van die vaatpplante. Beide gebiede toon dieselfde mate van diversiteit. Hierdie uitstaande spesiesrykheid is in lyn met wat gevind is in ander rivieroewergemeenskappe bv. in Swede en Frankryk. Die studie area is gemonster deur relevés wat uitgemerk is langs 53 transekte deur die hoofstroom en die sytakke. 'n Totaal van 139 releves is gemonster wat gebruik is om die gemeenskappe te identifiseer, karaktifiseer, en te beskryf. Agt plantegroei-eenhede, bestaande uit twee groepe, drie gemeenskappe, twee subgemeenskappe en een vorm, is beskryf. Die een groep beskryf rivieroewergemeenskappe terwyl die ander groep "n gemeenskap in die syfersone beskryf. Die groter groepe het wyer omgewingseienskappe getoon, terwyl die kleiner groepe spesifieke eienskappe toon. Dit is vasgestel dat die plantegroei eerder "n kontinuum voorstel as diskrete eenhede. Dit het tot gevolg dat dit moeilik is om die grense van gemeenskappe uit te wys. Vele indikatorspesies is aangetref. Die plantegroei van die rivieroewer van die Eersterivier in die Jonkershoeksvallei, kan beskryf word as relatief onversteurd. Ses-en-dertig spesies wat nie eie aan die Vallei is nie, is ingesluit in die spesieslys waarvan vier tydens die fito-sosiologiese studie aangeteken is.
Tshikalaha, Takalani Raymond. "Industrial IR based instrumentation area network." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49990.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Wireless Area Network technology for industrial and factory applications is important for satisfying inflexible (safety-critical) real-time requirements in sometimes harsh environments. Many of these applications involve mobile subsystems and could benefit from recent Wireless LAN technologies replacing the current cable-based systems. An immediate question is how this technology can be used for wireless Area Network systems? An important aspect of this question is the development of time-variable wireless links with good real-time performance. This project will attempt to answer some aspects of this question. The main objective of this thesis is to create a wireless area network for instrumentation purposes, interconnecting various monitoring and control transducers to a central master station. This project focuses on three transmission technologies used for wireless LANs with low power consumption; capable of close range positioning, indoors as well as outdoors. These transmission technologies are Infrared LAN (IrDA), Spread Spectrum LAN and Narrowband Microwave LAN. As a result of the evaluation of the three technologies, an Infrared LAN (IrDA) system was implemented as an area network, utilising an IrLAP protocol (Master and Slave) as a communication protocol. The Master is enabled to monitor and control all slaves interfaced to it.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Draadlose netwerktegnologie vir industrietoepassings, is nodig om aan te pas by spesifieke veiligheids- en omgewingstoestande. Baie van hierdie toepassings het betrekking op mobiele substelsels en kan baat by vervanging van bekabeling met onlangse draadlose netwerktegnologie. Die ontwikkeling van sulke netwerke met goeie tydreaksie, is hier belangrik. Die hoofdoel van hierdie tesis is om ’n draadlose areanetwerk te skep vir instrumentasiedoeleindes, wat verskeie monitor-en beheeromsetters aan ’n sentrale meesterstasie sal verbind. Hierdie projek fokus op 3 sulke benaderings, nl. Infrarooi AN (IrDA), Spreispektrum AN en Nouband Mikrogolf AN. Na ondersoek is ’n stelsel gebaseer op IrDA, geimplementeer as areanetwerk, met behulp van die IrLAP protokol. Die meester beheer alle kommunikasie met- en beheeraksies van die buitestasies.
Nombakuse, Ntombikayise Ethel. "Managing diversity in the amalgamated City of Tygerberg : an evaluation." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49390.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research assignment is intended to evaluate the current strategies employed by the City of Tygerberg to manage diversity and its related aspects namely change management, organisational development and organisational culture and thus to identify possible shortcomings in the current strategies employed by the City of Tygerberg and make possible suggestions for improvement. Considering its aim, boundaries have been defined in the research assignment by identifying four areas of concern to be addressed namely diversity management, change management, organisational development and organisational culture. The review of the theoretical perspectives of diversity management, change management, organisational development and organisational culture within the organisational context is also intended to review theory on the identified areas of concern with the aim of creating understanding by the City of Tygerberg for the challenges presented by diversity. The historical background of the organisation in question, the City of Tygerberg, is discussed as well as its vision and envisaged future, with the aim of establishing the corresponding mission and goals to be achieved by the organisation. The relevant legislation which refers to the importance of diversity management and the organisational policies in place addressing the various aspects related to diversity are also reviewed. In order to collect data the researcher designed a self-administered questionnaire which was distributed to the various members of the target group namely the Chief Executive Officer, Manager Human Resources, Manager Training and Development and the Director of Administration. The findings of the research process are then used to make possible suggestions and recommendations for addressing the identified possible shortcomings, with the intention of strengthening the existing methods employed the City of Tygerberg.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel met hierdie navorsingsprojek is evaluering van die bestaande strategiee toegepas deur die Stad Tygerberg vir diversiteitsbestuur en verwante aspekte soos die bestuur van verandering, organisasie-ontwikkeling en organisasiekultuur om sodoende moontlike tekortkominge in die bestaande strategiee te identifiseer en moontlike voorstelle vir verbetering te maak. In aansluiting by die doel is daar ter afbakening vier relevante terreine vir ondersoek geidentifiseer, te wete, diversiteitsbestuur, veranderingsbestuur, organisasie-ontwikkeling en organisasiekultuur. Die oorsigtelike beskouing van die teoretiese perspektiewe rakende diversiteitsbestuur, veranderingsbestuur, organisasie-ontwikkeling en organisasiekultuur binne die organisatoriese konteks is ook gerig op teoriehersiening betreffende die geidentifiseerde terreine ter wille van begripskepping by die Stad Tygerberg vir uitdagings gesteI deur diversiteit. Die historiese agtergrond van die ter sprake organisasie, die Stad Tygerberg, word bespreek, asook sy visie en beoogde toekoms, met die oog op daarstelling van 'n verbandhoudende missie en doelwitte vir verwesenliking deur die organisasie. Die relevante wetgewing met betrekking tot die belangrikheid van diversiteitsbestuur en die organisatoriese beleide van toepassing op die verskillende verwante aspekte van diversiteit word ook in oënskou geneem. Met die oog op data-insameling het die navorser 'n vraaglys ontwerp wat versprei is na verskillende lede van die teikengroep, naamlik, die Hoofuitvoerende Beampte, die Hoof Menslike Hulpbronne, die Hoof Opleiding en Ontwikkeling en die Direkteur Administrasie. Die bevindings van die navorsingsproses is gebruik om moontlike voorstelle en aanbevelings vir aanspreking van die geidentifiseerde moontlike tekortkominge te maak, met die oog op verstewiging van die bestaande metodes toegepas deur die Stad Tygerberg.
Howell, C. L. (Carolyn Louise). "Comparison of different methods by means of which water holding capacity of soil is determined and the prediction of water holding capacity from soil texture in coarse-textured soil." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49890.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Irrigation scheduling is one of the most important cultural practices in irrigated vineyards. Water holding capacity of soil is arguably therefore one of the most important characteristics of a soil as it determines how much water can be made available to the plant. The measurement of water holding capacity of soils is time consuming and costly. In situ determinations are often impractical to determine. For routine determinations, water holding capacity is therefore determined on disturbed samples. Such a method for example is the rubber ring method. A great deal of criticism surrounds this rubber ring method and results are often questioned. The objectives of this study were therefore to determine what the relationship was between undisturbed and disturbed samples and to determine whether compacted samples could give a more accurate representation of the water holding capacity of soil. Soil textural factors influencing the volumetric water content of undisturbed, rubber ring and compacted samples at 5, 10 and 100 kPa were investigated. In addition, soil textural properties influencing water holding capacity of the respective samples between 5 and 100 kPa and 10 and 100 kPa were investigated. The final objective of the study was to develop simple models to predict the volumetric water content and water holding capacity of soil. Undisturbed and disturbed soil samples were taken at various localities to ensure a wide range of textures. Water holding capacity of undisturbed and disturbed samples was determined at ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij using the standard air pressure and ceramic plate technique and the routine rubber ring method respectively. Soil samples were also compacted to a bulk density of approximately 1.5 g.cm-3 as a further treatment for determination of water holding capacity using the air pressure and ceramic plate technique. To investigate aspects of soil texture that could possibly influence volumetric water content of the soil, correlations were done between different texture components and volumetric water content of undisturbed, rubber ring and compacted samples at 5, 10 and 100 kPa. In order to determine the effect of texture on water holding capacity of the soil, correlations were drawn between texture components and water holding capacity of undisturbed, rubber ring and compacted samples between matric potential ranges 5 and 100 kPa and 10 and 100 kPa. The results from this study were used to develop models to predict volumetric soil water content and water holding capacity of soils for a range of soils. Volumetric water content of rubber ring samples at 5 kPa was more than the volumetric water content of undisturbed samples at 5 kPa. The volumetric water content of rubber ring samples at 5 kPa and the volumetric water content of undisturbed samples at 5 kPa was correlated by 87%. Volumetric water content of compacted samples at 5 kPa had a 85% degree of correlation with the volumetric water content of undisturbed samples. At 10 kPa, the correlation between volumetric water content determined using rubber ring samples and undisturbed samples was 77%. This was identical to the correlation between volumetric water content of compacted samples at 10 kPa and undisturbed samples. At 100 kPa, most of the rubber ring samples' volumetric water content fell below the 1:1 line of volumetric water content of undisturbed samples. The volumetric water content of all the compacted samples was higher than that of the undisturbed samples. Water holding capacity of all the rubber ring samples between 5 and 100 kPa was greater than the water holding capacity of the undisturbed samples between 5 and 100 kPa. Rubber ring samples therefore generally overestimated the water holding capacity of the soil. The water holding capacity of most of the rubber ring samples between 10 and 100 kPa was greater than the water holding capacity of the undisturbed samples. In contrast, the water holding capacity of compacted samples between 5 and 100 kPa was less than the water holding capacity of undisturbed samples between 5 and 100 kPa. Water holding capacity of compacted samples was therefore underestimated. The results from this study confirmed that the influence of clay and silt content on volumetric water content of undisturbed, rubber ring and compacted samples increased as the suction on the respective samples is increased. The influence of fine sand content on volumetric water content of undisturbed, rubber ring and compacted samples decreased with an increase in matric potential to 100 kPa. Medium sand content of undisturbed, rubber ring and compacted samples had the greatest influence of all the textural components on the volumetric water content of the respective samples at 5 kPa and 10 kPa. Water holding capacity of undisturbed, rubber ring and compacted samples between 5 and 100 kPa was greatly influenced by the fine sand content of the samples. Medium sand content of the samples also had an influence on the water holding capacity thereof. To predict the volumetric water content of undisturbed samples at 5, 10 and 100 kPa, the independent variables were fine sand content, square root of medium sand content and In of medium sand content. In the case of models to predict the volumetric water content of rubber ring samples at 5, 10 and 100 kPa, the same variables were used as independent variables. Additional variables such as silt content, the In of silt content, square root of clay plus silt content and the medium sand content. To predict the volumetric water content of compacted samples at 5, 10 and 100 kPa the terms used were silt content, clay plus silt content, the e-clay plus silt content. medium sand content and the square root of medium sand content. The models to predict volumetric water content of rubber ring samples gave the best correlation with the actual volumetric water content of rubber ring samples. The final models to predict the water holding capacity of all the samples between 5 and 100 kPa and 10 and 100 kPa used only fine and medium sand parameters as independent variables. Soil textural components do play an important role in determining the volumetric water content of undisturbed, rubber ring and compacted samples at 5, 10 and 100 kPa. The magnitude of the water holding capacity between 5 and 100 kPa and 10 and 100 kPa is also influenced by soil texture. The models developed to predict the volumetric water content of samples at 5, 10 and 100 kPa and the magnitude of the water holding capacity between 5 and 100 kPa and 10 and 100 kPa could be very useful. Both time and money can potentially be saved. Models that can be highly recommended are the models generated for the undisturbed samples. These are: At 5 kPa, VWCu = 0.47259 - 0.04712 medium sando.s At 10 kPa, VWCu = 0.41292 - 0.04221 medium sandos At 100 kPa, VWCu = 0.48080 - 0.00254 fine sand - 0.0865 In medium sand Between 5 and 100 kPa, WHCu = -29.523 + 3.394 fine sand Between 10 and 100 kPa, WHCu = -891.794 + 232.326 In fine sand + 38.006 In medium sand
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Besproeiingskedulering is een van die belangrikste wingerdverbouingspraktyke. Waterhouvermoë bepaal hoeveel water beskikbaar gestel kan word aan die plant en daarom is dit een van die belangrikste eienskappe van 'n grond. Die meting van waterhouvermoë van grond is tydsaam en duur. Boonop is in situ bepalings dikwels onprakties om te bepaal. Waterhouvermoë word dus bepaal op versteurde monsters vir roetine ontledings. 'n Voorbeeld van so 'n metode is die rubberring metode. Daar bestaan groot kritiek teenoor hierdie rubberring metode en resultate word dikwels betwyfel deur die landboubedryf. Die doel van hierdie studie was dus om te bepaal wat die verwantskap is tussen onversteurde monsters en rubberring monsters asook om te bepaal of gekompakteerde monsters 'n meer akkurate aanduiding sou gee as onversteurde monsters van die waterhouvermoë van die grond. Grondtekstuur faktore wat die volumetriese waterinhoud van onversteurde monsters, rubberring monsters en gekompakteerde monsters by 5, 10 and 100 kPa beïnvloed, was ondersoek. Grondtekstuur faktore wat waterhouvermoë van die onderskeie monsters tussen 5 en 100 kPa en tussen 10 en 100 kPa beïnvloed, was ook ondersoek. Die finale doelwit van die studie was om eenvoudige modelle te ontwikkel vir die voorspelling van volumetriese waterinhoud en waterhouvermoë van grond. Onversteurde grond monsters en grond vir versteurde monsters is by verskeie lokaliteite geneem om 'n wye reeks teksture te verkry. Waterhouvermoë van onversteurde monsters is bepaal by LNR Infruitec- Nietvoorbij met die standaard drukplaat tegniek. Waterhouvermoë van versteurde grond is bepaal met die roetine rubberring metode van LNR Infruitec-Nietvoorbij. Grond was ook gekompakteer tot 'n bulkdigtheid van ongeveer 1.5 g.cm-3 en daarna is die waterhouvermoë bepaal by die LNR Infruitec- Nietvoorbij met die standaard drukplaat tegniek. Om aspekte van grondtekstuur, wat moontlik die volumetriese waterinhoud van grond kan beïnvloed te ondersoek, is korrelasies tussen verskeie tekstuur komponente en die volumetriese waterinhoud van onversteurde monsters, rubberring monsters en gekompakteerde monsters by 5, 10 en 100 kPa bepaal. Om te bepaal watter tekstuur komponente waterhouvermoë van die grond kan bepaal, is korrelasies getrek tussen tekstuur komponente en waterhouvermoë van onversteurde monsters, rubberring monsters en gekompakteerde monsters tussen 5 en 100 kPa en tussen 10 en 100 kPa. Die data is verwerk met die SAS uitgawe 6.12 (SAS, 1990) om modelle vir die voorspelling van volumetriese waterinhoud en waterhouvermoë van grond met behulp van maklik kwantifiseerbare grondtekstuur veranderlikes te ontwikkel. Die volumetriese waterinhoud van rubberring monsters by 5 kPa was meer as die volumetriese waterinhoud van onversteurde monsters by 5 kPa. Die volumetriese waterinhoud van rubberring monsters by 5 kPa en die volumetriese waterinhoud van onversteurde monsters by 5 kPa is gekorreleerd met 87%. Die volumetriese waterinhoud van gekompakteerde monsters by 5 kPa het 'n korrelasie van 85% met volumetriese waterinhoud van onversteurde monsters getoon. By 10 kPa, was die graad van korrelasie tussen volumetriese waterinhoud bepaal met rubberring monsters en onversteurde monsters, 77%. Dit was omtrent dieselfde as die graad van korrelasie tussen volumetriese waterinhoud van gekompakteerde monsters en onversteurde monsters by 10 kPa. By 100 kPa het die meeste van die rubberring monsters se volumetriese waterinhoud onderkant die 1:1 lyn van die volumetriese waterinhoud by 100 kPa van al die onversteurde monsters. Die volumetriese waterinhoud van al die gekompakteerde monsters was hoër as die van die onversteurde monsters. Die waterhouvermoë van al die rubberring monsters tussen 5 en 100 kPa was groter as die van die onversteurde monsters tussen 5 en 100 kPa. Die rubberring monsters het dus oor die algemeen die grootte van die waterhouvermoë oorskry. Die waterhouvermoë van die meeste van die rubberring monsters tussen 10 en 100 kPa was groter as die waterhouvermoë van die onversteurde monsters. Die waterhouvermoë van gekompakteerde monsters tussen 5 en 100 kPa was minder as die waterhouvermoë van die onversteurde monsters tussen 5 en 100 kPa. Die waterhouvermoë van gekompakteerde grondmonsters is dus onderskat. Die resultate van hierdie studie het die invloed van klei- en slik- inhoud op die volumetriese waterinhoud van onversteurde monsters, rubberring monsters en gekompakteerde monsters bevestig. Die invloed van klei en sand op die volumetriese waterinhoud van onversteurde monsters, rubberring monsters en gekompakteerde monsters het toegeneem soos die matriks potensiaal op die onderskeie monsters toegeneem het. Die invloed van fynsand op die volumetriese waterinhoud van onversteurde monsters, rubberring monsters en gekompakteerde monsters was die grootste by 5 kPa en het afgeneem tot by 100 kPa. Die mediumsand inhoud van onversteurde monsters, rubberring monsters en gekompakteerde monsters het van al die tekstuur komponente die grootste invloed op die volumetriese waterinhoud van al die monsters by 5 kPa en 10 kPa gehad. Die waterhouvermoë van onversteurde monsters, rubberring monsters en gekompakteerde monsters tussen 5 en 100 kPa is grootliks beinvloed deur die fynsand inhoud van die monsters. Die mediumsand inhoud van die monsters het ook 'n invloed gehad op die waterhouvermoë daarvan. Om die volumetriese waterinhoud van onversteurde monsters by 5, 10 en 100 kPa te voorspel, is onafhanklike veranderlikes soos fynsand inhoud, vierkantswortel van mediumsand inhoud en In van mediumsand inhoud bepaal. In die geval van modelle om die volumetriese waterinhoud van rubberring monsters by 5, 10 en 100 kPa te voorspel, is dieselfde veranderlikes gebruik as onafhanklike veranderlikes. Addisionele veranderlikes soos slik inhoud, In van slik inhoud, die vierkantswortel van die klei plus slik inhoud en die mediumsand inhoud is ook gebruik. Om die volumetriese waterinhoud van gekompakteerde monsters by 5, 10 en 100 kPa te voorspel, is die terme slik inhoud, klei plus slik inhoud, e-klei plus slik inhoud, mediumsand inhoud en vierkantswortel van mediumsand inhoud gebruik. Die modelle om volumetriese waterinhoud van rubberring samples te voorspel het die akkuraatste voorspellings gegee. Die finale modelle, om waterhouvermoë van alle monsters tussen 5 en 100 kPa en tussen 10 en 100 kPa te bepaal, het slegs fyn en mediumsand as onafhanklike veranderlikes gebruik. Grondtekstuur komponente speel dus 'n belangrike rol in die volumetriese waterinhoud van onversteurde monsters, rubberring monsters en gekompakteerde monsters by 5, 10 en 100 kPa. Die grootte van die waterhouvermoë tussen 5 en 100 kPa en tussen 10 en 100 kPa is ook beinvloed deur die grondtekstuur. Die modelle wat ontwikkel is om die volumetriese waterinhoud van monsters by 5, 10 en 100 kPa en die grootte van die waterhouvermoë tussen 5 en 100 kPa en tussen 10 and 100 kPa te voorspel, kan baie waardevol wees. Tyd en geld kan potensieel bespaar word. Die modelle wat hoogs aanbevole is, is die modelle vir onversteurde monsters. Die modele is: By 5 kPa, VWlo = 0.47259 - 0.04712 rnedlumsand?" By 10 kPa, VWlo = 0.41292 - 0.04221 mediumsando.s By 100 kPa, VWlo = 0.48080 - 0.00254 fynsand - 0.0865 In mediumsand Tussen 5 en 100 kPa, WHVo = -29.523 + 3.394 fynsand Tussen 10 en 100 kPa, WHVo = -891.794 + 232.326 In fynsand + 38.006 In mediumsand
Pienaar, Hannelie. "An investigation into the impact of the Internet on brand building strategies in the physical and virtual world." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49690.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: With the emergence of the Internet in the early 1990's, traditional principles of building brand equity, as they were applied in physical markets, were challenged. This happened because brands were traditionally built using passive media such as radio, television and print magazines and newspapers. The Internet introduced interactive media where the consumer is not only highly informed because of the exponential expansion of technology especially on the Internet, but also because the consumer could now choose to be a participant, or not, in marketing and brand building initiatives. Theoretically, it is possible to establish certain principles to build brands in virtual markets. The best solution is however to look at past studies of different companies that present various challenges that relate directly to the Internet and its brand building initiatives, and then combine this practical knowledge with a theoretical background. In the case studies, eight success drivers were identified as being crucial to build a brand firstly in a virtual market, but also secondly in physical markets. The success drivers that were implemented by companies that managed to build strong brands on the Internet include: using a multimedia mixture to differentiate and build the brand; focusing on supreme customer commitment: entering into distribution and content alliances; moving first, fast and keeping up the pace; developing intimate customer and market knowledge; building a reputation for excellence; delivering outstanding value and in respect of cross-over marketers, respecting core brand attributes, improving on the offline brand experience online and leveraging key offline assets in favour of the online brand. Brand building on the Internet, should be clear, consistent and reflecting leadership not only in the implementation of the above success drivers, but also in respect of the overall construction of the brand.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Met die bekendstelling van die Internet in die vroeë negentiger jare, is die tradisionele beginsels van "brand building" soos toegepas in tradisionele markte bevraagteken. Dit het gebeur omrede "brands" tradisioneel gebou was deur passiewe media soos radio, televisie, tydskrifte en koerante te gebruik. Die Internet het nie net interaktiewe media bekend gestel waar die kliënt oor baie inligting beskik as gevolg van die eksponensiële uitbreiding van tegnologie op die Internet nie, maar ook het die kliënt nou die keuse om deel te neem of nie aan bemarkings en "brand building" insentiewe. Dit is moontlik om deur middel van 'n teoretiese studie sekere beginsels vas te stel ten opsigte van hoe "brands" gebou moet word op die Internet. Die beste oplossing is egter om na gevallestudies te kyk wat betrekking het op 'n paar maatskappye wat 'n verskeidenheid van uitdagings daarstel wat direk van toepassing is op "branding" insentiewe op die Internet. Die kennis verkry van die gevallestudies kan dan gekombineer word met die teoretiese kennis om 'n raamwerk daar te stel vir "branding" op die Internet. Die gevallestudies het agt sukses drywers geïdentifiseer wat krities is vir die ontwikkeling van "brand building" insentiewe in fisiese markte sowel as markte op die Internet. Die sukses drywers deur die maatskapye geïmplimenteer wat sterk "brands" of die Internet gebou het, sluit in: die gebruik van 'n multimedia mengsel om die "brand" te differensïeer en te bou; konsentrasie op uitstekende ktïente diens; sluit van verspreidings en inhouds vennootskappe, om eerste in die mark te wees en aan te hou beweeg; ontwikkel intieme klïente en mark kennis; bou 'n uitstekende reputasie; lewer uitstaande waarde en ten opsige van oorbruggings bemarkers, respekteer die basis van die "brand", verbeter die Internet "brand" se ervaring in vergelyking met die fisiese "brand" en gebruik die bates van die fisiese "brand" ten gunste van die Internet "brand". Die bou van 'n "brand" moet eenvouding, deursigtig en konstant wees sowel as leierseienskappe toon wat nie net betrekking het op die bogemelde sukses drywers nie, maar ook op die algehele "brand" projeksie en implimentasie.
GUTIERREZ, GARCIA ELIAS 412225, and GARCIA ELIAS GUTIERREZ. "Poblar y defender el septentrión: las funciones de los presidios en la provincia de Coahuila o nueva Extremadura 1729-1808." Tesis de maestría, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/49490.
Full textEl presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las distintas funciones que desempeñaron los presidios en la provincia septentrional novohispana de Coahuila, también conocida como Nueva Extremadura, entre 1729 y 1808. Sabemos que algunas investigaciones históricas han considerado a los presidios como instituciones creadas para actividades de defensa de los caminos, ranchos, haciendas, reales de minas, villas, misiones y pueblos, habitados por vecinos españoles, mestizos e indios. Cabe resaltar que, efectivamente, esa fue su función primordial, pero también cumplieron con otras de suma relevancia, como lo fue la exploración de territorios norteños aptos para albergar un nuevo asentamiento; la organización de familias migrantes, la mayoría de ellas indígenas, que debían ser ubicadas en las poblaciones recién fundadas; proteger a los habitantes y también los caminos donde transitaban grandes cantidades de mercancías que se comerciaban con otras provincias septentrionales. Cabe señalar que esas familias de origen indígena también tuvieron gran relevancia en la fundación de pueblos y villas.
Kasper, Carlos Benhur. "Ecologia e história natural do zorrilho (Conepatus chinga) no sul do Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49290.
Full textCorrea, Maria Helena Preis de Freitas Valle. "Estudo das propriedades magnéticas do hidreto de pd3fe por espectroscopia mössbauer no 57Fe." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49490.
Full textIn the present work we studied the magnetic properties of the hydride Pd3FeHx, using the 57Fe MOssbauer spectroscopy, and bulk magnetisation measurements. We observed, in the eletrolytically hydrogenated alloy of Pd3Fe a reduction of approximately 30% in the magnetic hyperfine field of the iron atoms, 80% in the bulk magnetisation and 46% in the magnetic transition temperature, when compared with the values for the Pd3Fe ordered alloy. In order to explain these results we measured some alloys of (Pd 1- x Au x)3Fe at 4,2K, the Pd3Fe alloy and the hydride of Pd3Fe in external applied magnetic fields.
Scott, Gilda Cox. "An analysis of the laws affecting North Carolina public school teachers." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49890.
Full textEd. D.
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Heer, Kathy Buckland. "Career interest testing, psychological congruence and the undecided student: a follow-up." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49790.
Full textBrenseke, Bonnie Margaret. "The Role of Maternal High Fat Diet in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic and Bone Disease in the Adult Offspring." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49590.
Full textPh. D.
Yang, Lily L. "Survival and Growth of attenuated Salmonella enterica serovars Newport and Typhimurium in Media Culture and Tomatoes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49690.
Full textMaster of Science in Life Sciences
Boylan, Lee Mallory. "Vitamin E, vitamin B-6, Vitamin B-12, and folate status of gastric restriction surgery patients." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49990.
Full textPh. D.
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Riemersma, Rixt F. "Keep it bright deterioration and reactivation of the biological clock in dementia /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2007. http://dare.uva.nl/document/49090.
Full textSaval-Calvo, Marcelo. "Methodology based on registration techniques for representing subjects and their deformations acquired from general purpose 3D sensors." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/49990.
Full textCaille, Frédérique. "Integrated Environmental Assessment of Nutrient Emissions in a Mediterranean catchment: A case study in La Tordera, Catalonia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4990.
Full textEn este proyecto de tesis, se llevó a cabo una evaluación ambiental integrada e interdisciplinaria de los flujos de nutrientes de la cuenca del río Tordera, en Cataluña (Nordeste de España). Los periodos temporales evaluados son dos: primero, el que va desde inicios del año 1995 hasta inicios del año 2003, y el segundo consiste en tres escenarios de futuro para el año 2030. Los objetivos de la evaluación han sido los de estimar los flujos de nitrógeno y fósforo, analizar el sistema socioeconómico en relación a estos flujos, así como diseñar escenarios socio-económicos a través de un proceso participativo. En relación a este último, se han evaluado y cuantificado cambios potenciales en relación a los flujos de nutrientes correspondientes a cada escenario.
A partir de un análisis social y el modelado de las fuentes puntuales y difusas de nutrientes (N y P), se ha podido describir las relaciones de los parámetros socioeconómicos que afectan los flujos de N y P y, consecuentemente, la calidad de las aguas. Las entrevistas llevadas a cabo permitieron identificar y entender las interacciones presentes y pasadas entre el sistema natural y social y llevar a cabo un análisis de los actores sociales que contribuyen a la contaminación del agua. El empleo de un modelo de estimación de emisiones de nitrógeno y fósforo, MONERIS (Modelling Nutrient Emissions into River Systems) orientado para su aplicación a escala de cuenca, permitió la identificación de las fuentes de nutrientes y la cuantificación de sus emisiones para el periodo 1995-2002. Posteriormente, se diseñaron escenarios socio-económicos por medio de un proceso participativo.
En el contexto de la Directiva Marco del Agua, este estudio puede ser considerado como un ejemplo del proceso requerido para la gestión sostenible de las fuentes antropogénicas de nutrientes en una cuenca hidrográfica. La integración de datos procedentes de las ciencias naturales y del análisis socioeconómico resulta fundamental para conseguir una información de mayor calidad y alcance que pueda contribuir a la toma de decisiones de los gestores y planificadores de cuencas en el planteamiento de las mejores opciones de gestión de las fuentes antropogénicas de N y P.
Rivers, particularly in developed regions, are under significant ecological stress as a consequence of the increasing development of human activities in their catchments. This is especially reflected in excess nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) emissions, which are the product of complex dynamic systems influenced by demographic, socioeconomic and technological factors among others. This situation has been addressed in Europe through specific legislation such as the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). Its application requires conducting an Integrated Environmental Assessment (IEA) for the management of nutrients in river basins. In Mediterranean regions, where the aquatic ecosystems are particularly vulnerable, an IEA is essential for the sustainable management of hydrological resources and to maintain the ecological quality of the ecosystem.
In this thesis, using a Catalan river catchment as a case study (La Tordera, North-East of Spain), an integrated and interdisciplinary environmental assessment of nutrient flows was undertaken for the period from early 1990s to early 2000s, and the future, i.e., the 2030 horizon. This assessment involved not only the estimation of N and P fluxes, and the analysis of the socioeconomic system that interact with theses fluxes, but also the participatory development of future scenarios, their quantification and the evaluation of the potential changes in nutrient flows under each of these quantitative scenarios.
By analysing the social system and point and diffuse sources of nutrients (N and P), the respective roles of socio-economic driving forces that affect N and P loads and hence water quality were recognised. Interviews were conducted to identify and understand the interactions and feedbacks between the natural and social system over the past and present time, and the analysis of the social actors that contribute to water contamination. The application of a nutrient emission model, MONERIS (Modelling Nutrient Emissions into River Systems), designed for river basin scale, enabled the identification of nutrient sources and quantification of their emissions during the period 1995-2002. This assessment was then followed by the development of narrative socioeconomic scenarios through a participatory process and their quantification.
The study conducted can be viewed as an example of the process required for the sustainable management of the anthropogenic sources of nutrients in a river basin. By integrating findings of natural sciences and socioeconomic analysis, it is then possible to obtain information that can assist catchment managers and planners in evaluating optimal management strategies for the anthropogenic sources of N and P as required by the European Water Framework Directive for river basin management plans.
Murrell, Jennifer Ann. "Distribution patterns of the Anopheles quadrimaculatus (Diptera: Culicidae) species complex in Texas." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4990.
Full textLandry, Steven J. "Supporting Pilot Procedure Following in Nominal and Off-nominal Situations Through the Use of Displays of Procedure Context." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/4990.
Full text鈴木, 克彦. "言語活動を充実させるためのビデオ教材の有効性について(英語科)(教科研究)." 名古屋大学教育学部附属中学校 : 名古屋大学教育学部附属高等学校, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/4990.
Full textMartin, Fiona Barbouttis. "Self-understanding in high-functioning males with autism spectrum disorders : relationship with social functioning and theory of mind." University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4990.
Full textAim. This study aims to investigate self-understanding in young males with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and to determine whether self-understanding is related to social functioning and theory of mind (ToM). In addition, this study aims to examine the characteristics and abilities of young males with high-functioning autism (HFA) and Asperger’s disorder (AD) to determine whether there are significant differences in selfunderstanding and whether self-understanding is related to social functioning and ToM between these two groups. The results have important implications for social skills interventions for young people with ASD. Method. Forty three young males diagnosed with one of the ASD (25 diagnosed with HFA and 18 diagnosed with AD) were compared with 38 TD males. Participants were assessed using the Autism Diagnostic Interview- Revised (ADI-R), the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (KBIT), the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS), the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test- Third Edition (PPVT-III), Damon and Hart’s Self-understanding Interview, and two false-belief ToM tasks. Results. Children with ASD had difficulties recognising and attributing their own mental states and failed to integrate various aspects of the self. Specifically, the ASD group produced fewer self-statements that reflected agency (the awareness and understanding that one is in control of their actions), social aspects of self (such as personality characteristics and group membership) and psychological aspects of self (such as emotions, thoughts and cognitive processes). Instead, children with ASD produced more concrete physical self-statements (such as body characteristics and material possessions). A significant positive relationship was found between selfunderstanding and social functioning for the ASD group. Within the ASD group, the relationship held for the HFA group only. In terms of ToM, children with ASD were less able to correctly answer the second-order false-belief ToM question compared to the TD group. For the ASD group, there was a significant positive correlation between self-understanding and ToM. Within the ASD group, the relationship held for the HFA group only. Conclusions. The results show young males with high-functioning ASD are less aware of their own and others’ mental states perhaps reflecting a general delay in the development of self-understanding and ToM. Furthermore, a more developed self-understanding may translate to improved social functioning and ToM ability for young males with high-functioning ASD. For young males with HFA, self-understanding and ToM may stem from a common underlying cognitive framework. Consequently, treatments aimed at improving self-understanding may simultaneously improve ToM, or vice versa. For individuals with AD there may be a separate cognitive mechanism responsible for self-understanding and another for ToM. Therefore, different interventions may be required; one to improve self-understanding and another to improve the understanding of others’ minds. Overall, these results may assist in the development of practice parameters for social skills training for those with ASD.
Trimble, Shannon Owen Rogers Douglas W. "A case study of the teacher education faculty's perception of the eFolio program at a private Central Texas university." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4990.
Full textHansen, Marcia M. "Digital literacies and WAC/WID." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4990.
Full textThe entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 26, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Hussein, Nadia M. A. "Legal interpreting in the criminal system : an exploratory study." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4990.
Full textSmith, Kevin J. "Naval Postgraduate School Solar Cell Array Tester." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/4990.
Full textEducating space professionals is an expensive endeavor. The use of technologies such as CubeSats can cut the cost giving space professionals real world experience in satellite design, testing, integration and operations. The Naval Postgraduate School-Solar Cell Array Tester (NPS-SCAT) will be the first of what may be many CubeSats developed by the Space Systems Academic Group, Small Satellite Laboratory. This thesis analyzes the NPS-SCAT program from the program managers point of view and provides an overview of the development of the program from an un-qualified Engineering Design Unit (EDU) to a fully qualified EDU. Also included in this thesis is a description of the subsystems and full cost analysis that covers the total costs from concept to flight unit.
Wiliams, Shelley-Ann. "Moderators between work context and psychological health in a public service sector / S. Williams." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4990.
Full textThesis (Ph.D. (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
Barreira, Ana Rita da Silva. "Estudo comparativo sobre as intenções e formas de comunicação usadas por crianças residentes em núcleo familiar natural e em centros de acolhimento temporário." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4990.
Full textEste estudo objetiva a observação e comparação das intenções e das formas de comunicação mais usadas nas funções de comunicação Regulação do Comportamento e Interação Social, em crianças residentes em Núcleo Familiar Natural (NFN) e em Centro de Acolhimento Temporário (CAT), nas faixas etárias entre os 12 e os 36 meses de idade. A amostra foi constituída por 50 crianças, repartindo-se em igual número por ambos os ambientes. A recolha dos dados foi obtida num único momento, com a interação entre pesquisador e criança. A análise dos dados foi realizada com recurso ao programa SPSS® IBM© Statistics e contagem manual. O resultado da pesquisa permitiu compreender algumas diferenças entre os grupos estudados: as crianças residentes em CAT evidenciaram mais uso da função interação social; tanto as crianças residentes em NFN, como as residentes em CAT, usaram mais a função de comunicação regulação do comportamento e, as crianças residentes em CAT demonstraram um menor desenvolvimento dos meios simbólicos. As intenções comunicativas mais usadas na função do regulamento do comportamento para ambos os ambientes foram “pede comida/objetos desejados” e “protesta/recusa objetos/comida não desejada”. As formas de comunicação mais usadas nesta função foram a nível pré-simbólico as expressões faciais e o contacto ocular e a nível simbólico as palavras isoladas e as combinações de palavras, embora esta última com menos expressão. Ao nível da função comunicativa interação social verificou-se que a intenção mais usada no ambiente CAT foi claramente “pede conforto”, seguindo-se das intenções “toma a vez” e “pede jogos sociais”. No ambiente NFN as mais usadas foram “pede jogos sociais”, “saúda” e “pede conforto”. As formas de comunicação também mais usadas a nível pré-simbólico as expressões faciais e o contacto ocular e a nível simbólico as palavras isoladas e as combinações de palavras. The aim of this study is to oberve and compare communication intentions and forms mot commonly used in Behaviour Regulation and Social Interaction, in children living in Natural Familiy Nucleous (NFN) and Temporary Foster Centre (TFC), in the age groups between 12 to 36 months of age. Sample was constituted by 50 children, being split in equal mumbers for both environments. Data collection was obtained in a single moment between the researcher and the participant children. Data analysis was performed using SPSS® IBM© Statistics and manual couting. Results from this study allowed understand some differences between groups: Children living in TFC showed more use of social interaction function: both children from TFC and NFN applied more the behaviour regulation communication function, and children from TFC revealed less development of symbolic means. The comunicative intentions more used in the in behaviour regulation function for both groups were “requests for food/objects” and “protests/refuses food/objects not desired”. The most common communicational forms utilized in this function were , at a pre-symbolic level, facial expressions and eye contact, and at a symbolic level, isolated words and word combinations, although the latter in minor frequency. At the level of communicative function social interaction it was observed that the most common intention used in TFC environment was “confort request”, followed by the intentions “takes his turn” and “requests social games”. In NFN environment also “requests social games”, “saluts” and “confort request” were the most commons. The communication forms more used at a pre-symbolic level were the facial expressions and eye contact, and at a symbolic level isolated words and word combinations.
Amorim, Tiago da Costa e. Silva. "Visualização de padrões pessoais de movimento." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/4990.
Full textA quantidade de dados georreferenciados disponíveis está a crescer rapidamente e vai continuar a crescer no futuro, devido a razões tecnológicas e sociais. Estes dados georreferenciados podem fornecer dados importantes sobre o comportamento humano, através de vários tipos de análises. Esta dissertação pretende investigar os limites e potencialidades da computação ubíqua, aplicada a um contexto pessoal, cruzando as noções de espacialização, temporalização e percepção. A análise assenta nos padrões pessoais de movimento. Quase todas as pessoas frequentam todos os dias os mesmos lugares. Todos os dias vão para o trabalho, para casa ou ao mesmo café. O objectivo é proporcionar ao utilizador a visualização dos padrões da sua vida. Esta análise consiste em verificar os locais que o utilizador frequenta e em realçar os locais que o utilizador visita poucas vezes. Realçar o imprevisto na vida de cada um. Neste âmbito, foi desenvolvida uma aplicação que permite, ao utilizador, analisar os próprios movimentos instantaneamente. Cada utilizador tem a sua própria aplicação, que se executa no seu dispositivo móvel, o que torna esta análise bastante pessoal. Para cada tipo de análise foi desenvolvida uma visualização a ser apresentada no dispositivo móvel. Também foi implementada a exportação das análises para formatos de ficheiros específicos, que permitem uma melhor visualização. A aplicação desenvolvida foi avaliada, através de testes de usabilidade e de capacidade de reconhecimento das visualizações implementadas.
Ceita, Zulmira Andrade de. "A maturidade na gestão dos serviços de sistemas e tecnologias de informação para os processos de gestão de incidentes, gestão de alterações e gestão de níveis de Serviço, de acordo com o ITIL : um estudo da realidade portuguesa." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4990.
Full textNos dias de hoje, o recurso às melhores práticas para tecnologias de informação está a tornar-se cada vez mais comum, requerendo um maior investimento nesta área, dando assim melhor e maior suporte aos serviços de SI/TI prestados. No entanto, aderir aos modelos e standards de boas práticas não é trivial, o que faz com que muitas organizações não adoptem as mesmas. Consequentemente, os responsáveis desta área optam por implementar apenas alguns processos em vez de implementações mais abrangentes. Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) é um dos standards de boas práticas disponível e que por sinal muitas empresas já têm investido nela directa ou indirectamente, fornecendo assim linhas de orientação para melhorar os seus serviços de TI. Com este estudo, pretende-se identificar, através de um inquérito, qual o nível de maturidade das organizações relativamente a implementação dos processos ITIL. Os resultados obtidos revelam que o nível médio de maturidade entre as grandes empresas e as PMEs não diferem muito.
Nowadays, the use of best practices for information technology is becoming increasingly common, requiring greater investment in this area, thus giving better services and greater support for IS / IT providers. However, adhering to standards and models of good practice is not trivial, which means that many organizations do not adopt them. Consequently, those responsible for this area choose to implement only some processes rather than broader implementations. Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) is one of the standards of good practice available and by the way many companies have already invested in it directly or indirectly, thus providing guidelines to improve their IT services. This study aims to identify, through a survey, what level of maturity organizations have reached regarding the implementation of ITIL processes. The results show that, the average level of maturity between large companies and SMEs do not differ much.
Sousa, Marlene Horta. "Prática de ensino supervisionada em Educação Pré-Escolar." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Escola Superior de Educação, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/4990.
Full textYarlequé, Chocas Mirtha Marieta. "Aislamiento y caracterización bioquímica de compuestos fenólicos con actividad anticoagulante del extracto alcohólico de las hojas de Oenothera rosea Aiton “chupasangre”." Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4990.
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Schaefer, Luiziana Souto. "Avaliação de reações pós-traumáticas em bancários vítimas de ataques a bancos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/4990.
Full textThis essay consists of three studies, two theoretical and one empirical. The aim of this study was to investigate the manifestation of post-traumatic reactions in victims of bank attacks. The first article presented a theoretical discussion about Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) resulting from occupational accident, including diagnostic criteria and psychological, socioeconomic, and legal implications of the disorder. The second paper is a theoretical review of the psychological consequences for victims who experienced a trauma, with suggestions on methods and tools for assessing post-traumatic reactions in adults. The empirical article was a descriptive study, with ex-post facto design and aimed to investigate the manifestation of post-traumatic reactions in bank employees who experienced bank attacks. It was found that most of bank employees had significant post-traumatic symptoms, with prevalence of hyperarousal symptoms, as well as significant levels of anxiety and depression. Overall, these outcomes point to the unsafeness that accompanies the routine of bank employees, which plays a role in symptomatic manifestation, as well as cognitive processing and coping strategies.
Esta dissertação é composta de três estudos, sendo dois teóricos e um empírico, apresentados na forma de artigos. O objetivo geral do trabalho foi investigar a manifestação de reações pós-traumáticas em bancários vítimas de ataques a bancos. O primeiro artigo teórico apresentou uma discussão acerca do Transtorno de Estresse Pós- Traumático (TEPT) decorrente de acidente de trabalho, incluindo critérios diagnósticos e as principais repercussões clínicas, socioeconômicas e jurídicas desencadeadas em virtude do transtorno. O segundo artigo consiste em uma revisão teórica sobre as possíveis consequências psicológicas para as vítimas que experienciam um trauma, além de apresentar sugestões sobre métodos e instrumentos para a avaliação de reações pós-traumáticas em adultos. O artigo empírico caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa descritiva quanto aos seus objetivos, com um delineamento do tipo ex-post facto e teve como objetivo geral investigar a manifestação de reações pós-traumáticas em bancários vítimas de ataques a bancos. Constatou-se que grande parte dos bancários apresentou sintomatologia pós-traumática significativa, com predomínio de sintomas de excitabilidade aumentada, bem como níveis expressivos de ansiedade e depressão. De forma geral, esses resultados apontam para a insegurança que acompanha a rotina dos bancários, a qual desempenha um papel na manifestação sintomática, bem como no processamento cognitivo e nas estratégias de coping desses trabalhadores.
Aluko, Joel Ojo. "Quality of service analysis towards development of a model for primary-level maternity care in Ibadan, Nigeria." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4990.
Full textThe unacceptable high rate of maternal and neonatal deaths in Nigeria has been persistently unabated. Therefore, the present quality of maternal care evident by the magnitude of severe maternal/neonatal morbidity and mortality in this region makes designing of a model that will serve as a framework for provision of quality maternity care to women and their new-born a worthwhile study. The global report of deaths related to pregnancy and childbirth documented 600,000 maternal deaths annually. Developing countries, including Nigeria, have the highest burden of maternal and neonatal deaths resulting from complications related to pregnancy and childbirth. There has been no improvement in Nigeria as far as maternal and neonatal deaths are concerned. In Nigeria, the maternal mortality ratio in 2008 was recorded as 545/100,000 live births, and 576/100,000 live births in 2013. Women and children from low socioeconomic background are the vulnerable groups. The peculiarity of their vulnerability predisposes them to finding quicker and cheaper avenues to seek health care. The Primary Health Care (PHC) maternity facilities are to serve this large population of women and their babies at grassroots level. Few studies have been done to measure quality of antenatal and delivery care separately at higher level of care with resultant subjective findings and conclusions. Each of these aspects of maternity is a part of the whole and not the whole. Currently, there is gross dearth of literature regarding quality of maternity services at the disposal of the vulnerable women, who are likely to utilize the PHC facilities. The measurement of the quality of the existing maternity services at primary level is imperative for designing a more effective model capable of improving quality of services at this level. This study sought to develop a quality service improvement model for primary level-based maternity following rigorous analysis of the quality of its structure, the process and the outcome as proposed by Donabedian. The specific objectives of the study were to describe the status of infrastructures, equipment, instruments, medications; investigate the degree to which the services rendered are timely, appropriate, satisfactory and consistent with current professional knowledge; investigate the degree to which services rendered in the facilities are satisfactory to the women and uphold their basic reproductive rights; measure clients’ return rates for maternity-related services in the facilities; and to develop a validated model to guide provision of quality maternity care in PHC facilities. Using a theory-generating approach, the study was conducted in two distinct phases. The first phase focused on analysis of the existing maternity services at PHC level, while the second phase concentrate on model development. The first phase, which is an embedded mixed-methods approach, utilized validated clients’ questionnaire, health workers’ questionnaire, observation checklist, focused group discussions, and in-depth interviews for data collection. A multistage sampling method was used for sample size selection. Five local government areas (LGAs) in Ibadan were selected purposively. Similarly, all the facilities that offer maternity care in each LGA were purposively selected. Postnatal women, health workers in each facility, medical officers of health (MOHs) and heads of facilities were the participants in the study. A total of 755 postnatal women who participated in the surveys were recruited from the sample frames (attendance registers) using systematic random sampling. A validated structured questionnaire was utilized to elicit information on their experiences with their chosen places of antenatal and childbirth care from pregnancy to puerperium. Similarly, the 130 health workers who participated in the surveys were recruited from the sample frames (duty rosters) using systematic random sampling. A validated structured questionnaire was utilized to elicit information on their competences, attitudes and the midwifery practice in their respective facilities. In addition to the quantitative surveys, focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted for some postnatal women and four MOHs/heads of group of facilities. The participants for the FGDs and the IDIs were conveniently and purposively selected, respectively. FGD guide and IDI guide were used to guide the interviewers. The study was approved by the Faculty Board Research and Ethics Committees, the Senate Research Committee of University of the Western Cape and Oyo State Research Ethical Review Committee in Nigeria. Informed consent was obtained from each study participant. Autonomy, anonymity, and confidentiality of information provided by the participants were ensured. Nobody was coerced to participate in the study. The data collected with the aid of observation checklist and questionnaire from the selected PHC, health workers and client (postnatal women) were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency/percentage distributions); while association between variables of interest and difference in mean values were done using chi-square and t-test statistics, respectively. The second phase of the study focused on model development, and was done in line with a theory- generating research process in the literature supported by McKenna & Slevin, (2008) and Chinn& Kramer (2014). The developed model was tested for its appropriateness, adequacy, accuracy and whether it represents reality, for it to be assumed effective in achieving the goal if applied in midwifery practice at primary level.Client-participants were between 15 and 44 years; their mean age ± standard deviation was 28 ±5.3. The health workers were between 20 and 58 years; mean age ± standard deviation being 41 ±10. Out of the 730 client-participants, 92.1 % were married. None of the women had access to preconception counselling in any health facility. A total of 92.6 % of the women received prenatal care under the existing traditional model of antenatal care (ANC), out of which 22.6 %registered for ANC in two different facilities for various reasons. Although there was gross shortage of manpower in all the facilities, the percentage of nurses/midwives was fewer than that of the community health extension workers (CHEWs) and health assistants (HAs), while only one medical doctor was employed to cover all the different types of facilities in each local government area . There was a questionable staff level of competence reported in the study. Evidence of training in life-saving skill (LSS), post-abortion care (PAC) and safe motherhood was rare among the health worker participants. Among health workers who had witnessed vaginal laceration and those who claimed to have performed episiotomy on women, 30.2% and 32.6 % would depend on other health workers for repair of the vaginal traumas, respectively. Partograph was not in use for management of progress of labour by any health worker in any of the facilities. Both quantitative and qualitative data analysis showed evidences of abuse of women’s rights to timely, quality and respectful maternity care and risky practices by the health workers. The conditions of the buildings used for PHC centres and the beds were not satisfactory. There was gross inadequacy of essential and basic items needed to provide standard and quality care across all the facilities, while significant proportion of the available equipment/instruments were obsolete, dirty, rusty and faulty. The infection prevention and control practices were sub- standard. Inadequate funding by respective local government authorities was implicated for the poor conditions of infrastructures, equipment/instruments, staff recruitments and consequent shortage of manpower. Low level of patients’ satisfaction, evidenced by verbal expression, percentage difference between antenatal registration and childbirth record, immunization clinic visits and childbirth record in each facility, was reported. Therefore, fixing the deplorable and/or non-commodious building infrastructures to meet the required standard, provision of facilities and items needed for quality care and infection prevention, recruitment of skilled qualified health professionals, establishing a new Primary Health Board in the state to provide efficient funding and effective monitoring systems were recommended, based on the findings of the study. Lastly, the implementation of the newly developed model is strongly recommended in order to improve women’s and new-born’s health.
Centre for Teaching and Learning Scholarship, School of Nursing, University of the Western Cape
Alves, Flávia Domingues. "Estudos de Sor e Brouwer : uma abordagem comparativa de demandas técnicas." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/4990.
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