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1
Zeng, Kai. "Some problems in harmonic analysis on twsited crossed products." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCD048.
Abstract:
Cette thèse a pour but d’étudier quelques problèmes dans l'analyse harmonique sur les produits croisés tordus qui sont définis par des actions tordues d'un groupe localement compact G sur une algèbre de von Neumann M. Elle se compose de deux parties. La première porte sur les produits croisés tordus et leurs multiplicateurs de Fourier et de Schur. Nous démontrons que la propriété d’être QWEP pour l’algèbre de von Neumann tordue d’un groupe G est indépendante du 2-cocycle sous-ajacent et que les Lp-multiplicateurs de Fourier complètement bornés sur cette algèbre tordue sont aussi indépendants du 2-cocycle. Sous l’hypothèse d’une action moyennable, nous établissons plusieurs résultats de transfert entre les multiplicateurs de Fourier et de Schur sur les espaces Lp non-commutatifs du produit croisé tordu.Dans la deuxième partie, nous étudions les commutateurs de multiplicateurs de Fourier sur le produit croisé tordu d’un espace euclidien. Nous caractérisons leur appartenance à la p-classes de Schatten par celle de leurs symboles à un espace de Besov associé. Cette partie contient aussi une formule sur la trace de Dixmier qui nous donne également une caractérisation de l’appartenance de ces commutateurs à une p-classe de Schatten faible par un espace de Sobolev. En particulier, nos résultats s'appliquent au cas d’un espace euclidien quantiqueThis thesis is devoted to the study of some problems in the harmonic analysis on twisted crossed products defined by twisted actions of a locally compact group G on a von Neumann algebra M. It consists of two parts. The first concerns twisted crossed products and their Fourier and Schur multipliers. We prove that the property of being QWEP for the twisted von Neumann algebra of a group G is independent of the underlying 2-cocycle and that the completely bounded Lp-Fourier multipliers on this twisted algebra are also independent of the 2-cocycle. Under the hypothesis of an amenable action, we establish several transference results between the Fourier and Schur multipliers on the noncommutative Lp spaces of the twisted crossed product.In the second part, we study Fourier multiplier commutators on the twisted crossed product of an Euclidean space. We characterize their Schatten p-class membership by that of their symbols in the associated Besov space. In addition, this part contains a formula on the Dixmier trace, which also gives us a characterization of the weak Schatten p-class membership of these commutators by a Sobolev space. In particular, our results apply to the case of quantum Euclidean spaces
2
Ellis-Davies, Katherine. "The roles of seeing and doing in communicative development : new insights into attention and movement from microanalytic and microgenetic methods." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/47365/.
Abstract:
The aim of this thesis is to extend the understanding of early communication development through the design and implementation of methods, which enable close examination of developmental change as it happens. I pose that meaningful distinctions of infant’s attentional abilities, and preferences, in the early period of infancy are necessary and valuable for understanding the ontogeny of communication. Chapter 2 describes the First Steps longitudinal study, where the work of this thesis took place. Chapter 3 describes an adaptation to a coding scheme that allows for new advances in understanding of early infant’s attention abilities and preferences for social and non-social stimuli. Results show that by 2-months infants demonstrate group levels of engagement, as well as notable individual differences in time spent attending to mother’s faces and hand actions. Chapter 4 further demonstrates the value of the methodological adaptation described in Chapter 3, by assessing the predictive power individual differences shown in attention at 2-months hold for the emergence of social attention at 5-months. Results show that individual differences in infant attention to the social stimuli of faces and hands, demonstrated at 2 months with the adapted engagement coding scheme, differentially predict the social attention skills of attention following. Chapter 5 further extends the relations found in Chapter 4, by examining the relation between point following at the end of the first year and the proclivity to attend to hands, during interactions, at 18- months. Results show infants’ point following performance at 12-months predicts later durations of attention to hands, while playing with mothers at 18- months. In this thesis I argue that infant communication development cannot be understood from examining one domain, as infant’s employ multiple domains in the journey to communication. Secondly I argue that detailed observations following a multi-domain approach, offer significant potential for understanding communicative development. Chapter 6 details the design, application and assessment of the continuous unified electronic (CUE) diary method. Results show that the CUE diary method is reliable and valid method for the study of infant development. Chapter 7 utilizes the CUE diary method to examine whether the emergence of independent walking predicts later productive vocabulary. Results show that walking is a unique gross motor predictor of later vocabulary. Further, when entered into a predictive model for language, walking and pointing deliver independent predictive power, with walking demonstrating as strong an association as pointing. Taken together, these observational, experimental, parent-report and electronic diary methods demonstrate the advances in understanding communicative development that can be made when sensitive methods are applied across periods and domains of developmental change.
3
Ferreira, Dias Marta. "Integration of European electricity markets." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/47365/.
Abstract:
This thesis contributes to the study of the role of some identified obstacles to delay the process of liberalisation and integration of European electricity markets and to impede the achievement of its full benefits, namely increase efficiency and, ultimately, to pass on this efficiency gains to final consumers by lowering prices of electricity. Chapter 1 is a description and analysis of the progress made on European liberalisation and integration of electricity markets, identifying some of the main obstacles found on the path to achieve the Single European Market for electricity and solutions propsed to avoid them, either from the perspective of the EC and from the perspective of economic literature. The concerns considered for this review are related with the main focus of the thesis, market power and concentration. The solutions found on the literature to avoid these obstacles are related with the search for the best market design to be adopted in the Single Electricity Market. Since the Nordic countries constitute an integrated market considered as a success, this example is briefly explained in order to understand which are the main features of this success. The second chapter presents a simulation for the integration of the Iberian wholesale electricity market (MIBEL) in order to study how the exercise of market power will evolve with regional full integration. Following Borenstein and Bushnell (1999), we compare simulated market outcomes on four days of 2004, with no integration and with full integration. The presence of market power is measured using the Lerner Index. The simulation results allow us to conclude that, as expected, market power is lower after full integration. However, even after full integration, market power is still a feature of the market. Therefore, the full benefits of liberalisation and integration are not seized by the consumers, since wholesale prices persist to be higher than the marginal costs. The market participants with more benefits are the Portuguese, both consumers and the incumbent firm. The third chapter's purpose is to assess econometrically the impact on final consumer of mergers between electricity generators and natural gas suppliers. We find evidence that a merger of this type will increase final price of electricity in the market where it occurs. Moreover, as a consequence of the EOn-Rurhas German household consumers pay more 1.8% for the electricity and, in Finland, the Nest-Ivo merger caused an increase of around 2% on prices for household consumers. The answer to the question "should household consumers be concerned if a cross sectorial merger happens" seems to be yes, due to the detrimental effects on final prices.
4
Alenezi, Khalaf. "Electrochemical transformation of alkanes, carbon dioxide and protons at iron-porphyrins and iron-sulfur clusters." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/47965/.
Abstract:
The work contained in this thesis focuses on (i) chemical and electrochemical alkane oxidation using Fe-porphyrin complexes as catalysts (ii) electrochemical and photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction using Fe-porphyrin complexes (iii) electrochemical and photoelectrochemical generation of hydrogen using iron-sulfur cluster. Chapter 1 gives a general overview of the electrochemical techniques which underpin the work presenedt in this thesis. Chapter 2 reports the chemical and electrocatalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons to alcohols and epoxides by using iron (III) porphyrins as catalysts. A series of new basket-handle thiolate Fe (III) porphyrins have been used to mediate anodic oxidation of hydrocarbons, specifically adamantane hydroxylation and cyclooctene epoxidation. The electrocatalytic and chemical catalytic activity oxidation of the thiolate porphyrins are benchmarked against Fe (III) tetraphenyl porphyrin chloride and its tetrapentafluorophenyl analogue. Chapter 3 describes the electrochemical and photoelectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide. This chapter shows that iron (III) porphyrin complexes are capable of carrying out electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide at both vitreous carbon and illuminated p-type silicon surfaces, with reasonable current efficiencies. At illuminated p-type silicon photovoltages of ca 500mV are obtained. 7 Chapter 4 describes the electrochemical and photoelectrochemical reduction of proton to H2 using [Fe4S4 (SPh)4]2- as an electrocatalyst at both vitreous carbon and at illuminated p-type Si electrodes.
5
Ashcroft, Graham Ben. "A computational and experimental investigation into the aeroacoustics of low speed flows." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/47065/.
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The noise produced by low Mach number (M ≤ 0.4) laminar and turbulent flows is studied using computational and experimental techniques. The emphasis is on the development and application of numerical methods to further the understanding of noise generation and far field radiation. Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the tonal noise radiated by two- and three-dimensional cavities submerged in low-speed turbulent and laminar flows. A numerical approach is developed that combines near field flow computations with an integral radiation model to enable the far field signal to be evaluated without the need to directly resolve the propagation of the acoustic waves to the far field. Two basic geometries are employed in these investigations: a plane rectangular cavity and a rectangular cavity with a lip. Results for the two geometries show good agreement with available experimental data, and highlight the sensitivity of the amplitude and directivity of the radiated sound to geometry, flow speed and the properties of the incoming boundary layer. The cavity with a lip is shown to behave as a Helmholtz resonator. The plane cavities are characterized by the more familiar Rossiter modes. Both geometries are characterized by intense near field oscillations and strong noise radiation. To quantify the effects of three-dimensional phenomena on the generation and radiation of sound, a fully three-dimensional simulation is performed. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved directly using an optimized prefactored compact scheme for spatial discretization. Results are compared with those from a two-dimensional simulation and the effects of the three-dimensional phenomena are discussed. Finally, wind tunnel tests are performed to quantify the effects of geometry and flow speed on the velocity and pressure fields within a plane rectangular cavity. Velocity measurements are made using the Laser Doppler Anemometry and Particle Image Velocimetry techniques. Instantaneous and statistical data are employed to probe the flows. Although coherent vortical structures are found to characterize the shear layer, their intermittent nature prevents self-sustaining oscillations developing and consequently the pressure field is broadband in nature.
6
Read, Shepley Linda M. "The risk game : a critical discourse perspective on the construction and transference of pensions risk." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47065/.
Abstract:
Financial retirement risk is one of the biggest dilemmas faced by individuals and societies in late modernity. It is an unintended consequence of over fifty years of social, scientific and economic development. These have produced ageing citizens, who spend too much and save too little. In response, economists argue that more of the State's pension risk must be transferred to the individual. To achieve this, the UK Government introduced auto-enrolment workplace pension policy to 'nudge' spenders into becoming savers. In this thesis, I use this change in legislation to explore what happens when the libertarian paternalism, implicit in behavioural economic theory, enters the real world. Adopting a sociological approach through critical discourse analysis, I explore the different interpretations of financial risk constituted by the State, media, employers and employees. The study traces how the State has attempted to transfer financial risks onto individuals through a process labelled the risk game. This involves constructing and legitimising discourses of winners versus losers, spenders versus savers and experts versus lay people. However, the risk game is not straightforward. Other participants, such as the press, employees and employers, play with the discourses government set in motion and through their discursive reinterpretations, they attempt to transfer the risk onto the other players, including the government. The discursive strategies adopted include: the passive matching effect, used by employees to pass the responsibility to the employer; and the avoidance effect, where employees return the risk to the State in a new form. Other employees actively choose to play by different rules, using the operative visualization of risk, through discourses of long-term vision and self-reflexive action. Understood as the risk game, this thesis reveals flaws in the implementation of the government's auto-enrolment pension policy. Informed by Beck’s theories, the thesis concludes that rather than nudging individuals, the State can only transfer responsibility for risk through coercion or with the recipient’s understanding and active engagement. This has implications for pension policy and the pensions industry and casts doubt on the prevailing economic theory that spenders can be nudged into becoming savers.
7
Pepper, Rachel. "Community power : problems, possibilities and potentials, as perceived by stakeholders in Acton, West London." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2010. http://research.gold.ac.uk/4765/.
Abstract:
This research examines participants’ perspectives on opportunities, barriers and new spaces for community power. It explores original evidence on how they perceive the conditions that enable or inhibit community empowerment to occur, and the factors that influence this process. The investigation references different schools of thought concerning power in relation to local actors’ perceptions. I focus upon the theories of Foucault, Freire and Taylor in particular, exploring perspectives of power as fluid, dynamic and pervasive. These approaches provide the framework for the exploration of the relevance of theory to practice. These debates have relevance to current public policies especially that promoting citizen engagement as part of public service modernisation and civic renewal. The research examines the inherent tensions between policy aims and practical experiences. Theoretical and policy questions are explored through a case study based in Ealing, West London, looking at local issues for a range of experienced activists in the global city. The research timeframe covers five years and includes the use of participatory research methods. The focus is on actors’ understanding, how motivations impact on the strategies employed across the sectors, and the ways those ‘inside’ and ‘outside’ the system adjust to changes. An analysis of participants’ testimonies reveals the contemporary peopled cityscape, and the routes to gaining greater control over the personal, community and political worlds. My thesis points to a shifting terrain within which community professionals and activists navigate, and reveals evidence of considerably more common ground between public policy professionals and community activists than has previously been suggested in the existing literature and current policy frameworks. The ability to adapt to changes in context is exposed as critical, whilst balancing core principles with new priorities. The strategic role of bridging individuals and organisations is identified as an important function providing a crucial and challenging link.
8
Bilsland, James Robert. "The president, the state and the Cold War : comparing the foreign policies of Presidents Truman and Reagan." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4765/.
Abstract:
US foreign policy during the Cold War has been analysed from a number of perspectives, generating large bodies of literature attempting to explain its origins, its development and its conclusion. Within the discipline of International Relations these debates have tended to be led by scholars focusing on events at the system level. However, there are still many questions left only partially explained. In large part this is because these accounts restrict themselves to a single level of analysis, either the international system, or the structure of the state and society. The first level of analysis, focusing on the role of individuals, has largely been excluded from International Relations. It is often left to historians to incorporate the role of individual decision makers into their studies. The problem for international relations students, however, is that their arguments run the risk of determinism. They come close to advocating that the course of history is shaped by these external forces and there is little if no room for alternate courses to be steered. They have, intentionally or otherwise, removed human agency and choice from the equation. This thesis argues that structural theories, and any approach that limits itself to one level of analysis, are inadequate to explain the development of US foreign policy. Instead, it is necessary to incorporate the first level of analysis in order to bring human agency back into International Relations and provide a more detailed explanation of US foreign policy. The present study proposes an analytical framework which incorporates presidential agency into a multi-level analysis of US foreign policy during the Cold War. Drawing on Foreign Policy Analysis, International Relations theory, presidential studies and the historiography of US foreign policy, this thesis constructs a multi-level case study comparison of the foreign policies of Presidents Truman and Reagan. It argues that the worldview of the president is central to agenda setting in US foreign policy making and that the management style of the president influences both decision-making and the implementation of US foreign policy. Evidence to support this is drawn from detailed empirical analysis of Truman’s foreign policy of containment in Korea and Reagan’s foreign policy of rollback in Nicaragua.
9
Leoni, Andrea. "Analisi della sicurezza dei processi di voto elettronico." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4765/.
10
Liu, Ran. "Consumers' response to ambush marketing activities." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4765/.
Abstract:
Owing to the high sponsorship fees and category exclusivity of sponsorship rights in the major events, ambush marketing activities are increasingly planned and practiced in order to capitalize on the benefits associated with the event. As a result, the integrity of the sponsorship‘s rights is broken and the sponsor‘s investment is undermined, which has the potential to threaten the financial viability of the events. In order to maintain event integrity and protect official sponsors from attack by ambushers, the International Olympic Committee introduced a "Name and Shame" campaign to create public awareness of companies‘ ambushing efforts. This study aims to explore consumers‘ response to ambush marketing disclosure by using a survey questionnaire approach. Balance theory and attribution theory are incorporated into an integrated model illustrating how the factors, including the event-related factor (event involvement), the sponsor-related factor (consumer attitude towards the sponsor), the ambusher-related factor (prior brand knowledge and perceived corporate social responsibility), and consumers‘ perceived motives for sponsorship and ambush marketing, have an impact on the degree of blame consumers place on ambushing attempts and thus their attitudes towards ambushing companies. Eight hundred questionnaires were collected in the UK and structural equation modelling was adopted to analyse the data. The model was tested respectively under two different types of ambushing contexts, that is, predatory ambushing (n=400) and associative ambushing (n=400). In both contexts, the results shows that event involvement and consumer attitude towards the sponsor have a positive influence on consumer blame, while prior brand knowledge of the ambusher are negatively related to consumer blame. However, consumers‘ perceived CSR of the ambusher can negatively influence consumer blame only in an associative ambushing context, but not in a predatory ambushing context. In addition, consumers‘ perceived motives are confirmed to play a critical role in affecting consumers‘ response to a company‘s ambushing practice.
11
Marku, Brunilda <1978>. "Biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Clinical and functional correlations." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4765/.
Abstract:
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two distinct lung diseases with distinctive clinical and inflammatory features. A proportion of asthmatic patients experience a fixed airflow obstruction that persists despite optimal pharmacologic treatment for reasons that are still largely unknown. We found that patients with asthma and COPD sharing a similar fixed airflow obstruction have an increased lung function decline and frequency of exacerbations. Nevertheless, the decline in lung function is associated with specific features of the underlying inflammation. Airway inflammation increases during asthma exacerbation and disease severity. Less is known about the correlations between symptoms and airway inflammation in COPD patients. We found that there is no correlation between symptoms and lung function in COPD patients. Nevertheless symptoms changes are associated with specific inflammatory changes: cough is associated with an increase of sputum neutrophils in COPD, dyspnoea is associated with an increase of eosinophils. The mechanisms of this correlation remain unknown. Neutrophils inflammation is associated with bacterial colonization in stable COPD. Is not known whether inhaled corticosteroids might facilitate bacterial colonization in COPD patients. We found that the use of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD patients is associated with an increase of airway bacterial load and with an increase of airway pathogen detection.
Bacterial and viral infections are the main causes of COPD and asthma exacerbations. Impaired innate immune responses to rhinovirus infections have been described in adult patients with atopic asthma. Whether this impaired immune condition is present early in life and whether is modulated by a concomitant atopic condition is currently unknown. We found that deficient innate immune responses to rhinovirus infection are already present early in life in atopic patients without asthma and in asthmatic subjects. These findings generalize the scenario of increased susceptibility to viral infections to other Th2 oriented conditions.
12
Colombo, Simone Geitenes 1990. "Estudo de procedimentos de segurança alimentar e rastreabilidade na produção primária de carne suína para o mercado internacional : o caso de cooperativas paranaenses." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/47765.
Abstract:
Orientador: Prof. Dr. Marcelo Gechele CletoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção. Defesa: Curitiba, 20/02/2017
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Resumo: O mercado de carne suína brasileiro ocupa posições de destaque em produção e exportação e representa contribuição significativa para o desenvolvimento da economia brasileira. A exigência dos consumidores em adquirir alimentos seguros, livres de doenças e contaminantes, se intensificou após a ocorrência de crises alimentares. Neste sentido os consumidores, principalmente os de países mais desenvolvidos como os EUA, Japão e os membros da Comunidade Europeia, passaram a exigir alimentos com controle de qualidade rigoroso e a garantia de que o alimento foi produzido e distribuído de forma segura adotando procedimentos de segurança alimentar em suas cadeias produtivas com destaque para aspectos relacionados a rastreabilidade, transparência, garantia da qualidade, bem estar e alimentação animal e controle e vigilância. Porém, atualmente o Brasil vem encontrando barreiras para exportação de carne suína para estes países devido a necessidade de adaptação do sistema de produção primária para atender os parâmetros de segurança alimentar exigidos. Por este motivo, este trabalho tem como objetivo estabelecer uma estruturação de procedimentos a serem adotados pela cadeia de produção primária de carne suína brasileira para se adaptar às condições de segurança alimentar e rastreabilidade demandadas pelo mercado internacional por meio de um estudo de múltiplos casos em três cooperativas singulares de produção primária paranaenses. O instrumento de coleta de dados utilizado foi um questionário estruturado contendo 21 questões de modo a investigar as práticas de segurança alimentar adotadas pelas cooperativas e comparar com as exigidas pelo mercado internacional. Por fim, foi proposta um estruturação contendo 16 procedimentos para nortear as cooperativas quanto a implementação de um programa de segurança alimentar da carne suína para exportação. Verificou-se que as cooperativas estudadas já possuem avanços em relação à práticas de saúde e bem estar animal, porém ainda são necessários progressos na transparência das informações entre os elos da cadeia, a identificação e rastreabilidade dos produtos, e em alguns casos, adoção de certificações de qualidade e eliminação da utilização de promotores de crescimento na alimentação animal. A realização das etapas de produção primária em diferentes locais e produtores dificulta a padronização dos procedimentos e consequentemente do controle das atividades de segurança alimentar. Palavras-chave: segurança alimentar, carne suína, rastreabilidade, cooperativas.
Abstract: The market of Brazilian pork meat occupies prominent positions in production and export and represents a significant contribution to the development of the Brazilian economy. Consumers' demand for safe food, without diseases and contaminants has intensified after food crises. In this sense, consumers, especially those from more developed countries such as the USA, Japan and the members of the European Community, started demanding strict quality control food and ensuring that the food was produced and distributed safely by adopting safety procedures of food security in its productive chains, highlighting aspects related to traceability, transparency, quality assurance, animal welfare and food, and control and surveillance. However, Brazil is currently encountering barriers to export pork meat to these countries due to the need to adapt the primary production system to meet the required food safety parameters. For this reason, this work aims to establish a structure of procedures to be adopted by the primary pork meat production chain in Brazil to adapt to the food safety and traceability conditions demanded by the international market through a study of multiple cases in three Cooperatives of primary production in Paraná. The data collection instrument used was a structured questionnaire containing 21 questions in order to investigate the food safety practices adopted by cooperatives and compare with those required by the international market. Finally, a structure was proposed containing 16 procedures to guide the cooperatives in the implementation of a food safety export program for pork meat to export. It was verified that the cooperatives studied already have advances in health and animal welfare practices, but progress is still needed in the transparency of information between chain links, the identification and traceability of products, and in some cases adoption of Quality certification and elimination of the use of growth promoters in animal feed. The realization of the primary production stages in different places and producers makes it difficult to standardize procedures and consequently to control food safety activities. Key-Words: food safety, pork meat, traceability, cooperatives.
13
Souza, Daniel Fernando de 1980. "The microfoundations of evolutionary economic's demand side : an adaptive model of consumer choice." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/47165.
Abstract:
Orientadora : Profª. Drª. Adriana Sbicca FernandesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Econômico. Defesa: Curitiba, 27/03/2017
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Resumo: A economia evolucionária é uma abordagem bem estabelecida nas Ciências Econômicas que apresentou várias teorias para explicar os mais diversos fenômenos econômicos. No entanto, o lado da demanda em suas teorias é relativamente pouco desenvolvido. Com o objetivo avançar teoricamente as discussões sobre o lado da demanda na economia evolucionária, esta pesquisa investiga o comportamento do consumo a partir de uma perspectiva econômica evolucionária. Hipóteses típicas da economia evolucionária que podem embasar uma teoria do consumidor evolucionária são identificadas. Com o intuito de superar algumas dificuldades na modelagem de modelos de consumo evolucionário, é introduzida uma abordagem na literatura da psicologia que poderia contribuir para o avanço das teorias da economia evolutiva no consumo: o programa de pesquisa em heurísticas rápidas e frugais (Gigerenzer e Selten, 2001). Nessa abordagem, inspirada pelo conceito racionalidade limitada de Herbert Simon, mecanismos cognitivos chamados "heurísticas" desempenham um papel importante na explicação da tomada de decisão humana. Depois de analisar as investigações da economia evolucionária sobre o comportamento do consumidor e a abordagem de heurísticas rápidas e frugais, desenvolvemos um modelo baseado em agentes que apresenta os principais pressupostos identificados nessas abordagens. Propomos uma estrutura de modelo baseada em Valente (2012) para analisar uma evolução de um mercado de bens semiduráveis com agentes que utilizam diferentes estratégias de decisão (i.e., heurísticas) que podem mudar dependendo da estrutura do ambiente em cada fase do desenvolvimento desse mercado. Tendo desenvolvido o modelo adequado, as implicações da inclusão de três heurísticas (Take-the-best, Tallying e Imitate-the-majority) na estrutura de mercado e dinâmica são investigadas através de uma série de simulações computacionais. Com base nessas simulações, é possível dizer que os diferentes processos de decisão heurística afetam: a dinâmica da evolução do mercado, o desempenho das empresas medido pelas vendas e conseqüentemente a concentração do mercado. Esta dissertação contribui para a compreensão das microfundações do lado da demanda da economia evolucionária. Concluise que as heurísticas simples usadas pelos consumidores para decidir qual produto eles vão comprar pode melhorar a compreensão dos economistas evolucionários em relação aos microfundamentos que determinam a demanda e subjazem fenômenos como inovação, dependência do caminho, aprendizagem do consumidor e formação de rotinas. Palavras-chave: Economia evolucionária. Teoria do consumidor. Racionalidade limitada. Programa de pesquisa em heurísticas rápidas e frugais. Modelos baseados em agentes. Estruturas de mercado.
Abstract: Evolutionary economics is as well established approach in economics that has presented various theories to explain the most diverse economic phenomena. Nevertheless, we argue in this dissertation that the demand side of the theory is underdeveloped. In order to provide insights into demand side theorizing in evolutionary economics, this research investigates the consumption behavior in an evolutionary economics perspective. I identify typical assumptions in evolutionary economics in which a consumer theory may be built. In order to overcome some difficulties in modeling evolutionary consumption models, I introduce an approach in the psychological literature that could contribute to advance the evolutionary economics theories in consumption: the fast-and-frugal heuristics program (Gigerenzer and Selten, 2001). In this approach, which was inspired by Herbert Simon's bounded rationality, the cognitive mechanisms called heuristics play a major role in explaining human decision-making. After reviewing the evolutionary economics investigations into consumer behavior and the fast-and-frugal heuristics approach, I develop an agent based model featuring the main assumptions identified in each of these approaches. I propose a model framework - based on Valente (2012) - to analyze a semi-durable market evolution with agents using different decision strategies (i.e., heuristics) that can change depending on the structure of the environment in each stage of the market development. Having developed an appropriate model, I investigate the implications of the inclusion of three heuristics (Take-the-best, Tallying and Imitate-the-majority) in the market structure and dynamics through a series of computer simulations. Based on these simulations, I confirm that the different heuristics decision process affect the dynamics of the market evolution, the firms' performance measured by sales and consequently the market concentration. This dissertation contributes to the understanding of the microfoundations of the demand side of evolutionary economics. I conclude that simple heuristics strategies used by the consumers to decide which product they will purchase may enhance the comprehension of evolutionary economists of the demand-side drives that underlie phenomena like innovation, path dependency, consumer learning, and routine formation. Key-words: Evolutionary economics. Consumer theory. Bounded rationality. Fast-and-frugal heuristics research program. Agent-based models. Market structure.
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Lucini, Tiago. "Monitoramento eletrônico das atividades alimentares de percevejos pentatomídeos em diferentes plantas hospedeiras por meio da técnica de EPG (Electrical Penetration Graph)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/47365.
Abstract:
Orientador : Dr. Antônio Ricardo PanizziTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia). Defesa: Curitiba, 08/03/2017
Inclui referências ao final de cada capítulo
Área de concentração : Entomologia
Resumo: O comportamento alimentar de cinco espécies de percevejos pentatomídeos foi caracterizado em diferentes plantas hospedeiras por meio da técnica de EPG (Electrical Penetration Graph). Estudos histológicos foram realizados para correlacionar as ondas elétricas com seus locais de penetração. Os percevejos (Pentatomidae) são insetos robustos e ativos, e isso dificulta a sua fixação ao eletrodo em estudos com EPG. Além disso, os lipídios cuticulares podem reduzir a eficácia da fixação. Foi observado que a remoção dos lipídios cuticulares via raspagem da cutícula com uma lixa melhorou a fixação do eletrodo ao longo do tempo. O comportamento do percevejo parece ser mais importante para o sucesso da fixação do que o peso corporal. O comportamento alimentar dos percevejos avaliados foi dividido em dois tipos de atividades: de não-alimentação e de alimentação. O primeiro é representado pelas seguintes atividades: parado, movendo-se, tocando a superfície da planta com o rostro (labium) e oviposição. A segunda representa todas as atividades registradas após a inserção dos estiletes no tecido vegetal. E. meditabunda (F.) em haste de soja gerou seis diferentes formas de onda de alimentação agrupadas em quatro fases: inserção e penetração dos estiletes (onda Em1), onda X, ingestão (Em2 e Em3) e interrupção (Em4 e Em5). Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood), alimentando-se em plantas de soja, produziu oito ondas de alimentação, as quais foram agrupadas em três fases: inserção e penetração dos estiletes (ondas Pg1a, Pg1b, Pg1c e Pg1d), ingestão (Pg2, Pg3a e Pg3b), e interrupção (onda Pg4). Dichelops melacanthus (Dallas) em colmo de plântulas de milho produziu quatro ondas de alimentação agrupadas em duas fases: inserção e penetração dos estiletes (onda Dm1) e ingestão (Dm2, Dm3a e Dm3b). Dichelops furcatus (F.) em plantas de trigo produziu sete ondas de alimentação agrupadas em duas fases: inserção e penetração dos estiletes (ondas Df1a e Df1b) e ingestão (Df2, Df3a, Df3b, Df4a e Df4b). Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) alimentando-se em folhas de couve chinesa produziu duas ondas de alimentação agrupadas em uma única fase: ingestão (ondas Bh1 e Bh2). Para todas as espécies, a fase de inserção e penetração dos estiletes representou o movimento profundo dos estiletes nos tecidos e a secreção da bainha salivar, assim como a fase de interrupção que representou breves interrupções durante a ingestão no xilema e/ou floema. E. meditabunda ingeriu seiva do xilema (onda Em2) e do floema (Em3) na haste de soja. A ingestão do floema foi sempre precedida por uma onda X (representa o primeiro contato com os vasos do floema). E. meditabunda repetiu os eventos de ingestão (xilema e floema) mais de 4X por percevejo durante as 8 horas de gravação, com uma duração média de 50 min por evento. P. guildinii ingeriu seiva do xilema em folíolo, haste e vagem de soja (onda Pg2). Em vagens (endosperma da semente), seus estiletes também se moveram durante uma forma de onda (Pg3a) para romper as células (ruptura celular), e permaneceram imóveis em outra (Pg3b), a qual representa a ingestão. P. guildinii alimentando-se da haste de soja repetiu cada evento de ingestão 1,2X por percevejo por cerca de 40 min por evento. No endosperma da semente, alimentou-se durante cerca de 80 min por evento, cada evento repetido 0,5X por percevejo. D. melacanthus ingeriu seiva do xilema em colmo de milho (onda Dm2). Em outra forma de onda (Dm3a) seus estiletes moveram-se dentro do tecido vegetal (ruptura celular), mas estavam imóveis em outra (Dm3b), que representou ingestão. D. melacanthus repetiu cada evento de alimentação (xilema e ruptura celular) mais de 3X por percevejo por cerca de 24 min por evento. D. melacanthus quando alimentado com plântulas de milho, expeliu mais excretas (9,9 gotas por percevejo) e também maior quantidade de saliva e/ou alimento líquido regurgitado do que quando se alimentou de sementes de soja (1,4 gotas por percevejo). B. hilaris usa apenas a alimentação via ruptura celular em folha de couve chinesa, onde na onda Bh1 os estiletes moveram-se dentro do tecido foliar (ruptura celular), e a onda Bh2 provavelmente representou a atividade de ingestão. Independentemente do sinal aplicado (AC [corrente alternada] ou DC [corrente contínua]) e nível de impedância (107 ou 109 Ohms), B. hilaris passou a maior parte do tempo em atividades de não alimentação (87%) e apenas 13% em atividades alimentares. Alta voltagem associada com diferentes sinais elétricos e impedâncias de entrada foram mais perturbadores durante as atividades de não-alimentação do que em atividades de alimentação do percevejo B. hilaris. Estudos com EPG revelaram que uma ou até duas estratégias de alimentação diferentes são empregadas por um mesmo percevejo pentatomídeo, dependendo da espécie de percevejo e do sítio de alimentação explorado. Palavras chaves: Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, comportamento alimentar, monitor de alimentação eletrônica, gráfico de penetração elétrica, eletropenetrografia, metodologia de fixação de insetos
Abstract: The feeding behavior of five different species of pentatomids were characterized on different host plants via electronic monitoring using the EPG (Electrical Penetration Graph) technique. Histological studies were done to correlated specific waveforms with their penetration sites. Stink bugs (Pentatomidae) are robust and restless insects, making them difficult to wire for electropenetrography (EPG) studies. Moreover, cuticular lipids may reduce wire effectiveness. Results indicated that removal of cuticular lipids by sanding greatly improved attachment of the gold wire over time. Behavior appears to be more important for successful wiring than body weight. For all stink bug species evaluated the non-probing phase was represented by the following activities: standing still, walking, touching the plant surface with rostrum (labium), and egg deposition. Whereas, probing waveforms represented all activities recorded after the insertion of stylets into plant tissue. EPG of E. meditabunda on soybean stems generated six probing waveforms grouped into four phases: pathway (wave Em1), Xwave, ingestion (Em2 and Em3), and interruption (Em4 and Em5). For Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) feeding on soybean plants, eight probing waveforms were recorded and grouped into three phases: pathway (waves Pg1a, Pg1b, Pg1c, and Pg1d), ingestion (Pg2, Pg3a, and Pg3b), and interruption (Pg4). Dichelops melacanthus (Dallas) on stem of maize seedlings produced four probing waveforms grouped into two phases: pathway (wave Dm1), and ingestion (Dm2, Dm3a and Dm3b). Dichelops furcatus (F.) on wheat plants produced seven probing waveforms grouped into two phases: pathway (waves Df1a and Df1b), and ingestion (Df2, Df3a, Df3b, Df4a and Df4b). Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) feeding on leaves of Napa cabbage produced two probing waveforms grouped in one phase: ingestion (Bh1 and Bh2). For all species, pathway phase represented deep stylet penetration e secretion of salivary sheath, as well as, interruption phase which represented brief interruptions during xylem/phloem ingestion. E. meditabunda ingested xylem (wave Em2) and phloem sap (Em3) on soybean stem, and phloem ingestion was always preceded by an X-wave (first contact with phloem vessels). E. meditabunda repeated ingestion (xylem and phloem) over 4X/bug during the 8-hours of recording for ca. 50 minutes/event. P. guildinii ingested xylem sap on soybean leaves, stems, and pods (Pg2); and on pods (seed endosperm), its stylets also moved/lacerated during one waveform (Pg3a - cell rupture), but were motionless in another (Pg3b), which represented ingestion. P. guildinii feeding on soybean stem repeated each ingestion 1.2X/bug for ca. 40 minutes/event. On seed endosperm, it fed for ca. 80 minutes/event, each event repeated only 0.5X/bug. D. melacanthus ingested xylem sap on maize stems (Dm2); in other waveform (Dm3a) its stylets moved/lacerated inside tissue (cell rupture), but were motionless in another (Dm3b), which represented ingestion. D. melacanthus repeated each feeding event (xylem and cell rupture) over 3X/bug for ca. 24 minutes/event. D. melacanthus feeding on maize seedling excreted more drops (9.9 drops/bug) and also larger amount of saliva/regurgitate liquid food than when feeding on soybean seed (1.4 drops/bug). B. hilaris uses only cell rupture feeding, where in waveform Bh1 the stylets moved/lacerated inside the leaf tissue (cell rupture), and waveform Bh2 probably represented ingestion. Independently of the signal (AC [alternating current] or DC [direct current]) and Ri level (107 or 109 Ohms) applied, B. hilaris spent most of the time in non-probing activities (87%), and only 13% in probing activities. High voltage associated with variable signals and input impedances were more disturbing during non-probing activities than during probing activities. EPG studies revealed that one or two different feeding strategies are used by a same pentatomid, depending upon species and feeding site exploited. Key words: Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, feeding behavior, electronic feeding monitor, electrical penetration graph, electropenetrography, insect wiring methodology
15
Santos, Nathly Xavier dos. "Avaliação do efeito neurotóxico da proteína prion em linhagens celulares e sua modulação pelas co-chaperonas CHIP/Stub1 e STI1." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/47465.
Abstract:
Orientadora : Profª Drª Adriana Frohlich MercadanteDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciencias Biológicas (Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Patologia Básica). Defesa: Curitiba, 10/03/2017
Inclui referências
Área de concentração
Resumo: A proteína prion celular (PrPC) e uma glicoproteina extracelular, ancorada na membrana plasmática por uma molécula de glicofosfatidilinositol (GPI). A conversão de PrPC em uma isoforma patologica (PrPSc), a partir de modificações estruturais, e responsável pelo desenvolvimento das encefalopatias espongiformes transmissíveis (TSEs) ou doenças periódicas. Vários trabalhos indicam que formas citosólicas de PrP podem ser formadas durante erros na sua biossintese. Os príons citosólicos (CytPrP) são gerados por meio de duas vias: ERAD (ER-associated Degradation) e ineficiência do peptídeo sinal. Alguns estudos demonstram que estas formas de príons citosólicos exercem função neurotoxica, contribuindo para a manifestação das doenças periódicas. Trabalhos anteriores do nosso grupo, foram capazes de identificar uma interação entre PrPC e CHIP/Stub1. CHIP/Stub1 e uma proteína citoplasmática o qual funciona como um co-chaperona molecular e apresenta atividade ubiquitina E3- ligase, participando do controle de qualidade das proteínas desde o dobramento ate a fase de degradação. Ainda, CHIP/Stub1 e homologa a proteína STI1/Hop, uma cochaperona e um ligante bem estabelecido de PrPC. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar em diferentes linhagens celulares se o efeito neurotoxico de PrP citosólico, ja descrito para algumas células, era capaz de ser modulado através dessas co-chaperonas. Em nossos resultados mostramos por diferentes ensaios de viabilidade celular, tais como MTT, vermelho neutro, que CytPrP reduziu de 30-50% a viabilidade celular de três linhagens neuronais testadas: N2a, SH-SY5Y e CF10. Esse mesmo efeito nao foi observado para linhagem renal HEK293T. A expressão das co-chaperonas CHIP e STI-1 foi capaz de reverter a toxicidade do CytPrP em todas linhagens neuronais. Nossos resultados ainda mostraram que mutantes de CHIP e STI-1 com domínios deletados também foram capazes de reverter o efeito neurotoxico causado pela CytPrP. Ensaios utilizando o inibidor MG132 e hidroxicloroquina sugerem que essa reversao do efeito neurotoxico de CytPrP por CHIP e STI-1 parece não ser dependente da via de degradação por proteossomo, nem por lisossoma. Assim, um mecanismo através do qual as co-chaperonas exercem seu efeito de proteção da neuroxicidade ainda esta sendo investigado. Os dados obtidos nesse trabalho poderão contribuir para elucidar os possíveis mecanismos da neurotoxicidade de prions, permitindo um auxilio futuro no desenvolvimento de alvos terapêuticos relacionadas a doenças prionicas. Palavras-chave: PrP citosólico. Neurotoxicidade. CHIP/Stub1. STI1. Prion.
Abstract: The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is an extracellular glycoprotein, anchored to the plasma membrane by a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) molecule. The conversion of PrPC to a pathological isoform (PrPSc), through structural modifications, is responsible for the development of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) or prion diseases. Several data indicate that cytosolic forms of PrP can be formed during errors in its biosynthesis. Cytosolic prions (CytPrP) are generated by two pathways: ERAD (ER-associated Degradation) and signal peptide inefficiency. Some studies have shown that these forms of cytosolic prions exert neurotoxic function, contributing to the manifestation of prion diseases. Previous work by our group was able to identify an interaction between PrPC and CHIP/Stub1. CHIP/Stub1 is a cytoplasmic protein, identified as a co- chaperone with E3 ligase activity, participating in the quality control of proteins, from folding to the degradation phase. Still, CHIP/Stub1 is homologous to STI1 (stress - inducible protein 1 ), a co-chaperone and a well-established PrPC bind protein. The objective of this work was to evaluate in different cell lines whether the neurotoxic effect of cytosolic PrP, already described for some cells, was able to be modulated through these co-chaperones. In our results we showed by different cell viability assays, such as MTT, neutral red, that CytPrP reduced from 30% to 50% the cell viability of three tested neuronal lines: N2a, SH-SY5Y and CF10. This same effect was not observed for HEK293T renal lineage. Our results also show that CHIP and STI-1 mutants with deleted domains were also capable of reversing the neurotoxic effect caused by CytPrP in all neuronal lines. Assays using the proteasome inhibitor MG132 and Hydroxychloroquine suggest that this reversal of the neurotoxic effect does not appear to be dependent of the proteosome or lysosomal degradation pathways. Thus, a mechanism through which co-chaperones exert their protective effect of CytPrP neuroxicity is still being investigated. The data obtained in this work may contribute to elucidate possible mechanisms of neurotoxicity of prions, allowing future aid in the development of therapeutic targets related to prion diseases. Keywords: cytosolic PrP. Neurotoxicity. CHIP/Stub1. STI1. Prion
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Negrelli, Bernadete. "Efeito do haloperidol sobre a escolha entre respostas com diferentes probabilidades de reforço." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/47565.
Abstract:
Orientador : Prof. Dr. Cláudio da CunhaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia. Defesa: Curitiba, 30/03/2017
Inclui referências : f. 25-34
Resumo: A esquizofrenia é um transtorno mental grave que se manifesta em sintomas positivos (delírios e alucinações), sintomas negativos (anedonia, isolamento social) e déficits cognitivos (memória de trabalho, atenção, habilidades sociais). Alguns sintomas da esquizofrenia estão associados ao aumento da atividade dopaminérgica e expressão de receptores D2 estriatais. Há evidências de que a transmissão dopaminérgica está envolvida com o aprendizado e expressão do aprendizado por eventos que envolvem recompensa, pois a liberação fásica de dopamina quando o evento é melhor do que o esperado (erro de predição positivo) reforça as sinapses dos neurônios corticais e quando o evento é pior do que o esperado (erro de predição negativo) há um enfraquecimento dessas sinapses. As disfunções dopaminérgicas causam efeitos sobre o sistema de recompensa que podem desencadear os sintomas da esquizofrenia, sendo que uma hiperfunção domipaminérgica no estriado está relacionada com os efeitos positivos da esquizofrenia e uma hipofunção dopaminérgica no córtex préfrontal está associada com sintomas negativos e déficits cognitivos. Os antipsicóticos atuam principalmente antagonizando os receptores D2 de dopamina no cérebro. Eles tem se mostrados eficientes para tratar os sintomas positivos da esquizofrenia, mas podem não causar nenhum efeito ou até mesmo agravar os sintomas negativos e déficits cognitivos. Além disso, estudos anteriores tem demonstrado que os antipsicóticos causam prejuízos no comportamento baseado em recompensa por diminuírem a excitação motivacional, que é crucial para objetivos dirigidos a metas. Por isso, nesta dissertação investigamos se a administração do antipsicótico haloperidol causa distúrbios no comportamento de ratos treinados em uma tarefa probabilística em um labirinto em Y por interromper o aprendizado adquirido com previsão de recompensa e erros de predição. Os animais foram treinados a entrar mais vezes em um dos braços do labirinto, sendo que havia 70% de chance de encontrar recompensa em um dos braços e 30% em outro. Após os animais estarem treinados nesta tarefa, foram divididos em 4 grupos e diferentes doses de haloperidol (0,05mg/Kg, 0,10mg/Kg, 0,15mg/Kg e salina), foram administradas em cada grupo. Verificamos que houve uma redução dose-dependente nos resultados no número de escolha do braço mais reforçado; aumento dose-dependente na latência para escolher um dos braços e para alcançar a recompensa e aumento na perseverança ao erro. Concluímos que os resultados sugerem que o haloperidol causa déficits na expressão do aprendizado anteriormente aprendido e reduz a motivação para respostas motoras, corroborando com a hipótese de que os antipsicóticos como o haloperidol, por atuar antagonizando os receptores D2 de dopamina, podem aumentar os sintomas negativos e déficits cognitivos em seus usuários. Palavras-chave: Dopamina; Haloperidol; Motivação; Cognição.
Abstract: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder manifested in positive symptoms (delusions and hallucinations), negative symptoms (anecdote, social isolation) and cognitive deficits (work memory, attention, social skills). Some symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with increased dopaminergic activity and expression of striatal D2 receptors. There is evidence that dopaminergic transmission is involved in the learning and expression of reward-learning events, since the phasic release of dopamine when the event is better than expected (positive prediction error) reinforces the synapses of cortical neurons and When the event is worse than expected (negative prediction error) there is a weakening of these synapses. Dopaminergic dysfunctions cause effects on the reward system that can trigger the symptoms of schizophrenia, and a dopaminergic hyper function in the striatum is related to the positive effects of schizophrenia, and a dopaminergic hypofunction in the prefrontal cortex is associated with negative symptoms and cognitive deficits. Antipsychotics work primarily by antagonizing D2 dopamine receptors in the brain. They have been shown to be effective in treating the positive symptoms of schizophrenia but may not cause any effect or even aggravate negative symptoms and cognitive deficits. In addition, previous studies have shown that antipsychotics cause prejudice in reward-based behavior by diminishing motivational excitement, which is crucial for goal-directed goals. Therefore, in this dissertation we investigated whether the administration of the antipsychotic haloperidol causes disturbances in the behavior of trained rats in a probabilistic task in a Y labyrinth by interrupting the acquired learning with prediction of reward and prediction errors. The animals were trained to enter more often in one of the arms of the labyrinth, being that there was a 70% chance to find reward in one of the arms and 30% in another. After the animals were trained in this task, they were divided into 4 groups and different doses of haloperidol (0.05mg / kg, 0.10mg / kg, 0.15mg / kg and saline) were administered in each group. We verified that there was a dose-dependent reduction in the results in the number of choice of the most reinforced arm; dose-dependent increase in latency to choose one of the arms and to achieve reward and increase in perseverance to error. We conclude that the results suggest that haloperidol causes deficits in the expression of previously learned learning and reduces motivation for motor responses, corroborating the hypothesis that antipsychotics such as haloperidol, by acting antagonizing dopamine D2 receptors, may increase negative symptoms and cognitive deficits in their users. Palavras-chave: Dopamine; Haloperidol; Motivation; Cognition.
17
Scurry, James. "One and two weight theory in harmonic analysis." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47565.
Abstract:
This thesis studies several problems dealing with weighted inequalities and vector-valued operators. A weight is a nonnegative locally integrable function, and weighted inequalities refers to studying a given operator's continuity from one weighted Lebesgue space to another. The case where the underlying measure of both Lebesgue spaces is given by the same weight is known as a one weight inequality and the case where the weights are different is called a two weight inequality. These types of inequalities appear naturally in harmonic analysis from attempts to extend classical results to function spaces where the underlying measure is not necessarily Lebesgue measure. For most operators from harmonic analysis, Muckenhoupt weights represent the class of weights for which a one weight inequality holds. Chapters II and III study questions involving these weights. In particular, Chapter II focuses on determining the sharp dependence of a vector-valued singular integral operator's norm on a Muckenhoupt weight's characteristic; we determine that the vector-valued operator recovers the scalar dependence. Chapter III presents material from a joint work with M. Lacey. Specifically, in this chapter we estimate the weak-type norms of a simple class of vector-valued operators, but are unable to obtain a sharp result. The final two chapters consider two weight inequalities. Chapter IV characterizes the two weight inequality for a subset of the vector-valued operators considered in Chapter III. The final chapter presents examples to argue there is no relationship between the Hilbert transform and the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator in the two weight setting; the material is taken from a joint work with M. Reguera.
18
Bishop, Cliff Douglas. "Flange bracing requirements for metal building systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47665.
Abstract:
The analysis and design of bracing systems for complex frame geometries typically found in metal buildings can prove to be an arduous task given current methods. The American Institute of Steel Construction's Appendix 6 from the 2010 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings affords engineers a means for determining brace strength and stiffness requirements, but only for the most basic cases. Specifically, there are a number of aspects of metal building systems that place their designs outside the scope of AISC's Appendix 6 (Stability Bracing for Columns and Beams). Some of the aspects not considered by Appendix 6 include: the use of web-tapered members, the potential for unequally spaced or unequal stiffness bracing, combination of bracing types including panel and flange diagonal bracing, and the effects of continuity across brace points. In this research, an inelastic eigenvalue buckling procedure is developed for calculation of the ideal bracing stiffness demands in general framing systems. Additionally, the software provides a method of calculating the elastic lateral-torsional buckling load of members with generally stepped and tapered cross-sections, which satisfies an important need for rigorous design assessment. Extensive benchmarking to load-deflection simulations of geometrically imperfect systems is performed and recommendations are developed for determining the required design stiffness and strength of the bracing components based on the use of this type of computational tool.
19
Bharadwaj, Ragu. "Business models for information commons in the pharmaceutical industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47865.
Abstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2009.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-59).
The pharmaceutical industry needs new modes of innovation. The industry's innovation system - based on massive investments in R&D protected by intellectual property rights - has worked well for many years, providing incentives for pharmaceutical firms to invest in developing drugs across a wide variety of major medical needs. However, this traditional drug development process is subject to decreasing productivity and increasing costs. In addition, it encourages pharmaceutical firms to focus on "blockbuster" drugs, and to neglect meeting needs in small potential markets such as "orphan" diseases and diseases primarily found in third world countries. This thesis focuses on new modes of innovation, specifically the sharing of safety information prior to clinical trials. To inform this analysis, I first discuss the data that informs why the industry is in need of new modes of innovation. I then proceed to outline the potential promise of some new modes of pharmaceutical development that are emerging. I then explore a specific novel innovation mode in more detail: the sharing of non-competitive safety information prior to clinical trials, leading to significant reductions in both costs and chances of failure in drug discovery and development. I propose that this new innovation mode offers the potential of significant benefit to both drug developers and medical patients.
by Ragu Bharadwaj.
S.M.
20
Beke, Tibor 1970. "Homotopy theory and topoi." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47465.
21
Blakey, Tara Naomi Chin. "Designing transit concession contracts to deal with uncertainty." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47765.
Abstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2006.Page 136 blank.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-135).
This thesis proposes a performance regime structure for public transit concession contracts, designed so incentives to the concessionaire can be effective given significant uncertainty about the future operating conditions. This is intended to aid agencies in designing regimes that will encourage continually improving performance through the use of relevant and adaptive incentives. The proposed incentives are adjusted annually based on actual circumstances. An adaptive regime can also allow the incentives to be more cost and resource efficient and is especially well-suited to so-called "gross-cost" contracts when the public agency retains the fare revenue and absorbs the revenue risk for the services. The motivation for this research is the anticipated transfer of the oversight responsibilities for the Silverlink Metro regional rail services, in outer London, from the UK Department for Transport to Transport for London. This new service will undergo substantial infrastructure and service upgrades in the next several years and an innovative operating contract is required to maintain and improve service levels during this transitional period. The Proposed performance regime is composed of two major components: 1. A "bundled" set of specific performance measures based on which the concessionaire can earn annual bonuses or incur penalties based on a set of adaptive targets; and 2. An excess revenue and/or ridership incentive which is designed to capture all of the intangible actions that a concessionaire can bring to bear to produce more effective service.
(cont.) Together these components should encourage concessionaires to improve upon the major aspects of service under their control as well as pay close attention to strategies which can alter the quality and effectiveness of service. Additionally, the performance regime proposed is expected to provide efficient incentives so that a better overall outcome for the public will result.
by Tara Naomi Chin Blakey.
S.M.
22
Brown, Robert Bayne. "Fuzzy logic application for modeling man-in-the-loop space shuttle proximity operations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47365.
23
RECANESCHI, VALERIA. "La natura giuridica della confisca." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/47765.
Abstract:
La tesi ha ad oggetto la disciplina della confisca nell'ordinamento italiano con particolare riferimento alla questione della natura giuridica sia dell'ipotesi prevista dall'art. 240 c.p. sia di talune ipotesi speciali. Il lavoro si sofferma anche sull'omologo istituto statunitense in chiave comparatistica.
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GALIMBERTI, ANDREA. "Apprendere lungo il corso della vita e in una pluralità di contesti. Una ricerca narrativa sull'esperienza degli studenti "non tradizionali" in Università." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/47265.
Abstract:
What does learning mean? What meanings can this question take on for those adults – whose numbers are growing all the time – who decide to return to education, enrolling at university? It seems that lifelong learning has become integral part of the discourses concerning both the educational and the sociopolitical fields: in the new millennium the international organizations that influence the policies in the EU member countries are all in its favor.
In this research work I have re-examined the premises in terms of “learning” undelying the policies of lifewide and lifelong learning through the theoretic background and the epistemological lenses of systemics, constructivism and social constructionism. This ecology of ideas represents a possibility to get past the most widespread metaphor of knowledge as a “tangible asset” to be accumulated and capitalized. As a consequence it becomes possible to go beyond the form of intentionality that Bateson calls conscious purpose that, taken as a guide of the learning processes, would lead to a merely instrumental and functionalist form of one of the most complex and mysterious characteristics of the human life.
The challenges posed by lifelong and lifewide learning affect the whole education system and particularly university. Over time the academic world has changed its relation with society through the transformation of its functions or missions. Universities, after the transformation from élite niches to “mass higher education” places are now taking a new challenge: the extension of the their population in a lifelong direction. The presence of “mature” students therefore should not be an exception or an eccentricity, but it can be explained with the evolution of institutional missions. Neverthless this category still remains outside from the “academic tribes and territories” and it is recurrent in research studies concerning the so-called “non-traditional students”, defined as under-represented students in higher education and whose participation is constrained by structural factors. These students are considered at risk in terms of access, retention, active participation, academic success, and social integration.
The question of my research project places itself in this context and concerns those students enrolling at university through non-linear trajectories or with personal backgrounds that do not consider the academic path as a “natural outcome”. What do these students look for and what do they find at university? What does it represent for them? What effects on the idea of self that the student develops in relation with the academic world?
Different research studies in the field of adult education and of the sociology of education show how adult students develop forms of multilevel identity inside universities. Many of these studies use the biographical or auto-biographical methods since their potential to grasp the point of view of the participants. For my research I considered it useful and interesting to choose the auto-biographical methods exactly because of their potentiality to give voice to the insiders. At the same time I wanted to emphasize the pedagogical, relational and reflexive dimension of these methods and therefore I chose the form of the auto/biographical workshop. The workshops involved about 30 adult students and were based on estethical, metaphorical and reflexive processes. The narrative materials produced during the workshops were analyzed through a plurality of sensitising concepts able to enlighten in different ways the experience of lifelong learning in a university context. The final step of the research was a co-operative inquiry with a team of researcher/students that previously experienced the biographical workshops. The co-operative inquiry focused more deeply on the experience at university, generating a shared and participatory hermeneutic circle and resulted in a project addressed to the institution.
25
Borràs, i. Hernández Francesc Xavier. "Modulació psicològica de la funció immune." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4765.
Abstract:
Se ha estudiado la incidencia del estrés psicológico prequirúrgico sobre respuestas neuroendocrinas, inmunológicas y hematológicas dentro del marco de la psiconeuroinmunologia. Para ello se han comparado dichas respuestas en 19 pacientes varones que deben ser intervenidos quirúrgicamente de hernia inguinal electiva 26 días antes de la operación ("nivel basal") y la mañana de ésta ("estrés psicológico agudo"). Se muestran cambios diferenciales en la respuesta linfocitaria a los mitógenos según los hábitos de consumo de tabaco y alcohol de los sujetos. Así mismo, se obtienen alteraciones en los niveles de prolactina y en diversas variables hematológicas. Finalmente, se muestran relaciones entre el estado psicológico preoperatorio de los pacientes (evaluación cognitiva, especialmente) y las variables fisiológicas examinadas (hematocrito, neutrofilos, monocitos), así como, en algún caso, su incidencia en la recuperación postquirúrgica.
26
Hicks, Tanya Temaca. "Preparation, Characterization, and Activity of Mono-Dispersed Supported Catalysts." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/4765.
Abstract:
Mono-dispersed supported Ni catalysts were synthesized using the water-CTAB-hexanol reverse micellar system. The core of the reverse micelles contained an aqueous solution of NiCl2. Dynamic light scattering measurements showed that microemulsions having a water-to-surfactant molar ratio, Wo, of 10 lead to reverse micelles with lowest polydispersity, longest stability, and size range of interest. At an oil-to-aqueous phase ratio of 2, the diameter of the reverse micelles was found to increase with Wo in a linear fashion. At higher values of Wo (i.e. 25-30), the polydispersity was found to increase when lowering the amount of surfactant in the system. Ultimately, O/A = 2 and Wo = 10 were chosen as optimal conditions for microemulsion preparation.
The aqueous NiCl2 concentration within the micelles was varied between 0.1 and 0.001 M. DLS results showed that although the average micelle diameter was between 70-83 nm throughout the range of metal salt concentrations, the crystallite size estimate based upon the reported micelle diameter and known aqueous NiCl2 concentration ranged between 2 to 7 nm. Therefore, the Ni crystallite size was varied by changing the aqueous NiCl2 concentration due to instability issues arising when changing the value of Wo.
After deposition onto an alumina mesh support, the particles were dried, calcined, and reduced to produce Ni clusters. SEM and EDS analysis was used to confirm the presence of Ni compounds after the calcination stage. By the varying the aqueous NiCl2 concentration within the micelles, .0039, .0013, and .00039 wt. % Ni catalysts were produced and characterized using SEM. Particles in the size range of 10-14 nm were noticed for the .0039 wt. % Ni catalysts after reduction, 7-11 nm for .0013 wt. % Ni, and 5-9 nm for .00039 wt. % Ni. The lower-end of these particle size ranges was comparable to the crystallite size estimates.
Ethane hydrogenolysis and ethylene hydrogenation reactions were conducted over the emulsion-prepared catalysts in order to determine particle size effects on catalytic activity. Results showed that the catalytic activity, defined in terms of per unit metal surface atom (or TON, turnover number), decreases with increasing particle size for the hydrogenolysis reaction. This trend may be due to an intrinsic size effect in which smaller particles exhibit the chemical or structural properties necessary for achieving a higher reaction rate. The results for ethylene hydrogenation showed that the reaction rate did not significantly change with crystallite size, confirming that the reaction is facile or structure-insensitive.
27
Longenberger, Polly Suzanne. "Development of a screening method for drought tolerance in cotton seedlings." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4765.
Abstract:
The key to an efficient screening method is the ability to screen large amounts of
plant material in the shortest time possible. Unfortunately, due to the complexity of
drought tolerance, a quick and effective screen for this trait has yet to be established.
The research reported herein was designed to evaluate a screening method for drought
tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedlings. Twenty-one converted race
stocks (CRS) and two cultivars were evaluated for seedling drought tolerance on an
individual plant basis. CRS are day-sensitive primitive lines derived from various wild
race stocks that were converted to day neutrality for use in temperate region plant
improvement programs (McCarty et al., 1993). Genotypes were evaluated October -
November 2004 and February - March 2005 under greenhouse conditions at the Norman
E. Borlaug Center for Southern Crop Improvement, College Station, TX. Seedlings
were subjected to three sequential cycles of drought at 15 days after planting (DAP).
Drought cycles consisted of withholding water until the moisture content of "indicator"
cone-tainers, containing Deltapine 491 (DP 491), had an average volumetric water
content of 0.07. Plants were then watered to field capacity and percent survival was
recorded after 48 hours. Genotypes differed in their percent survival following three consecutive drought cycles. Drought cycles 2 and 3 did not contribute to the separation
of genotypes. DP 491 was the most tolerant genotype evaluated. None of the CRS were
more or less tolerant than Acala 1517-99. CRS M-9044-0165 was the most stable
genotype across the two experiments.
28
Dubois, Colette T. "The effects of emancipation on female criminality, 1975-1984." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/4765.
29
Clark, Anthony S. "An alternative futures analysis of Flathead County, Montana evaluating tradeoffs among economic growth, land use policy and land use change /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4765.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on January 31, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
30
Kwiatkowski, Marek. "Formal computational framework for the study of molecular evolution." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4765.
Abstract:
Over the past 10 years, multiple executable modelling formalisms for molecular biology have been developed in order to address the growing need for a system-level understanding of complex biological phenomena. An important class of these formalisms are biology-inspired process algebras, which offer-among other desirable properties - an almost complete separation of model specification (syntax) from model dynamics (semantics). In this thesis, the similarity between this separation and the genotype-phenotype duality in evolutionary biology is exploited to develop a process-algebraic approach to the study of evolution of biochemical systems. The main technical contribution of this thesis is the continuous π-calculus (cπ), a novel process algebra based on the classical π-calculus of Milner et. al. Its two defining characteristics are: continuous, compositional, computationally inexpensive semantics, and a exible interaction structure of processes (molecules). Both these features are conductive to evolutionary analysis of biochemical systems by, respectively, enabling many variants of a given model to be evaluated, and facilitating in silico evolution of new functional connections. A further major contribution is a collection of variation operators, syntactic model transformation schemes corresponding to common evolutionary events. When applied to a cπ model of a biochemical system, variation operators produce its evolutionary neighbours, yielding insights into the local fitness landscape and neutral neighbourhood. Two well-known biochemical systems are modelled in this dissertation to validate the developed theory. One is the KaiABC circadian clock in the cyanobacterium S. elongatus, the other is a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. In each case we study the system itself as well as its predicted evolutionary variants. Simpler examples, particularly that of a generic enzymatic reaction, are used throughout the thesis to illustrate important concepts as they are introduced.
31
Miles, Lynden K. "Smiles, affordances, and social interaction." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4765.
Abstract:
This thesis describes a program of research designed to investigate the sensitivity of
perceivers to the ontological distinctions between simulated expressions of happiness
unrelated to positive emotional experience, or, posed smiles, and spontaneous,
veridical expressions of positive affect, or, genuine smiles. Importantly, this research
was conducted from within the theoretical framework of Gibsonian ecological
psychology, an alternative approach to the information processing theories that
dominate contemporary psychological theorising.
Four experiments were conducted that employed an original set of ecologically valid
facial displays generated specifically for the present research. In Experiments I a and
1 b, it was demonstrated that when jUdging from either photographs or video,
participants could determine whether a smile reflected a positive emotional
experience or not. Furthermore, for both of these studies, participants exhibited a bias
toward misidentifying posed smiles that expose the teeth as genuine smiles.
Experiment 2 also revealed findings consistent with the notion that perceivers are
sensitive to the meaningful differences between posed and genuine smiles. In this
study, participants were required to judge the valence of a series of target words, each
of which was preceded by a briefly presented facial expression (i.e. a prime). The
results of this study indicated that the identification of positive words was facilitated
when preceded by a genuine smile, but not a posed smile. Experiment 3 was
conducted to further investigate how such sensitivity may be manifest in regard to
guiding effective social interaction. PartiCipants were required to play several rounds
of the Prisoners' Dilemma game with partners (actually video recordings) exhibiting
Xll
either posed or genuine smiles. The results of this experiment indicated that genuine
smiles facilitated cooperative interaction, but posed smiles did not.
The results of all four experiments are discussed in terms of the functionality provided
by accurate social perception with regard to the acquisition of information specifying
the emotional state, and more broadly, the dispositional properties of conspecifics.
Finally, these results will be considered in terms of the ecological conceptualisation of
psychological activity, with an emphasis on the social affordances specified by posed
and genuine smiles respectively.
32
Schweitzer, Ryan William. "Community and Household Management Strategies for Water Supply and Treatment in Rural and Peri-urban Areas in the Developing World." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4765.
Abstract:
Eighty percent of the 780 million people worldwide that access water from an unimproved source live in rural areas. In rural areas, water systems are often managed by community based organizations and many of these systems do not provide service at the designed levels. The Sustainability Analysis Tool developed in Chapter 2 can inform decision making, characterize specific needs of rural communities in the management of their water systems, and identify weaknesses in training regimes or support mechanisms. The framework was tested on 61 statistically representative geographically stratified sample communities with rural water systems in the Dominican Republic. The results demonstrated the impact that long term support by outside groups to support community management activities can improve sustainability indicators, including financial sustainability which is a significant issue throughout the world.
When analyzing the financial sustainability of water systems, it is important to consider all life-cycle costs including the expenditures made by households. Chapter 3 analyzes financial and economic expenditures on water services in 9 rural and peri-urban communities in Burkina Faso. Data from household and water point surveys were used to determine: socio-economic status, financial and economic expenditures, and service levels received by each household. In Burkina Faso recurrent financial and economic expenditures on water service ranged between US$5 and US$9.5 per person per year, with cumulative costs approximately US$19.5 per person per year. The average expenditures on water in Burkina Faso were well above the affordability threshold used by World Bank demonstrating the need to improve subsidies in the water sector.
The sustainability of water supply systems and the ability to ensure the health benefits of these systems is also influenced by the deficiencies in sanitation infrastructure. Unimproved sanitation can be a source of water contamination and a risk factor in water related disease. Furthermore, the effective management of community water supply infrastructure is not a sufficient condition for ensuring water quality and eliminating health risks to consumers. As a result water treatment technologies, such as ceramic water filters (CWFs), implemented and managed at the household level and combined with safe storage practices are proposed as a means of reducing these risks.
The performance of CWFs in laboratory settings has differed significantly from field studies with regard to microbial treatment efficacy and also hydraulic efficiency. Chapter 4 presents a 14 month field study of two locally manufactured CWFs conducted in a rural community in the Dominican Republic. Each of the 59 households in the community received one filter. The CWFs in this study performed poorly with regard to water quality and hydraulic performance. Focus group meetings and household survey suggests that flow rate is a major issue for user acceptability. To address the user concerns Chapter 5 presents two mathematical models for improving the hydraulic performance for the frustum and paraboloid designs. The models can be used to predict how changes in user behavior or filter geometry affects the volume of water produced and therefore can be used as tools to help optimize filter performance.
33
Joubert, Pierre André. "Sexual harassment of academic staff at higher education institutions in South Africa / Pierre André Joubert." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4765.
Abstract:
The efforts to create an equal non-discriminatory South African society should also manifest in the workplace and, more specifically, in the academic arena. Academics are regarded as the leaders of society and the shapers of the future of a country. Their conduct should be of the highest ethical and moral standards, and no form of discrimination should be allowed by or against them. In terms of the Employment Equity Act, sexual harassment is a form of unfair discrimination and carries a substantial penalty should an employer be found guilty of vicarious liability. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceived incidence of sexual harassment of academic staff at higher education institutions in South Africa, as well as their awareness of the policies dealing with sexual harassment. The sufficiency of the grievance procedures designed to deal with complaints of sexual harassment was also evaluated. A cross-sectional survey design was used to reach the research objectives. The Sexual Harassment Questionnaire (SHQ) was randomly distributed amongst a sample of 710 academic staff members from 10 higher education institutions in South Africa. A response rate of 22,8 percent (n = 162) was achieved. The statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS 15.0 program (SPSS 2007), a program that is used to conduct statistical analysis regarding reliability and validity of the measuring instruments, descriptive statistics, /-tests, analysis of variance, correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. Article 1 focuses on the perceived incidence of sexual harassment. In this article, five categories of sexual harassment were used as indicators of the incidence thereof, namely verbal, non-verbal, physical, gender and quid pro quo harassment. A statistically significant correlation coefficient with a large effect was found between verbal and non-verbal harassment. A practically significant correlation of a medium effect was also found between physical, verbal, non-verbal and quid pro quo harassment and sexism, as well as between the control item of sexual harassment and physical, verbal, non-verbal and quid pro quo harassment. Analyses of variance were performed on the different demographic groups using various variables and the findings indicate no practically significant effect of gender, age, population group or years of service on sexual harassment. In Article 2, the awareness of sexual harassment policies and procedures were determined. Various aspects of policies were investigated, such as content, development, types and implementation. The results show that despite indications that sexual harassment policies do exist and that they are regarded as effective tools in addressing sexual harassment, the implementation of such policies is not effective. In addition, few academic staff members receive training/guidance on the utilisation of these policies. Significant correlation coefficients were found between the elements of an effective policy and between population groups and some of the elements. Article 3 reports on findings regarding the sufficiency of grievance procedures in dealing with complaints of sexual harassment. The results show a positive correlation between confidence in the grievance procedure, the amount of attention that supervisors pay to grievances, regular feedback to employees regarding the progress of grievances, willingness of supervisors to take decisions, the amount of confidence in supervisors and the effectiveness of the procedure. The reluctance of management to deal with grievances unless they are reported via the grievance procedure was related to the perceived effectiveness of the procedure.Thesis (Ph.D. (Industrial Sociology))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2010.
34
Farias, Beatriz Botelho. "Os efeitos da aplicação de dynamic tape no membro inferior de um paciente com sequelas de acidente vascular encefálico: estudo de caso." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4765.
Abstract:
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em FisioterapiaIntrodução: Uma das principais consequências do acidente vascular encefálico (AVE) é a alteração dos padrões motores. São inúmeras as estratégias utilizadas para a recuperação da função motora, desde treino funcional ao uso de ortóteses rígidas, semi-rígidas e de ligaduras funcionais. Objectivo: Verificar os efeitos de um tape de assistência biomecânica, o Dynamic Tape (DT), na correcção do padrão de marcha e funcionalidade do membro inferior, de um paciente após AVE. Metodologia: Intervenção em um paciente 5 anos após AVE. Ao participante foram aplicados cinco testes: 10 Meter Walk Test, Timed Up and Go, Four Square Step Test, Functional Reach Test e Subida e Descida de um Degrau com e sem DT. Resultados: Através da análise dos resultados dos cinco testes, verificou-se que o participante tem alterações na velocidade da marcha, no tempo percorrido e na distância alcançada após a aplicação do DT. Na análise de marcha o paciente apresentou também variações angulares após a aplicação do DT, em cada subfase do ciclo de marcha. Conclusão: A aplicação do DT possui efeitos benéficos na correcção do padrão de marcha e funcionalidade do membro inferior de um paciente com AVE.
Introduction: One of the main consequences of stroke is the change in motor patterns. There are numerous strategies used for the recovery of motor function, from functional training to the use of rigid orthoses, semi-rigid orthoses and functional tapes. Objective: To verify the effects of Dynamic Tape (DT) in the correction of the gait pattern and lower limb functionality, in a post-stroke patient. Methodology: Intervention in one patient 5 years post-stroke. The study consisted of applying five tests: 10 Meter Walk Test, Timed Up and Go, Four Square Step Test, Functional Reach Test and Rise and Fall of a Step, with and without DT. Results: By analyzing the results of the five tests, we can verify that the patient has shown changes in the gait velocity, in the time and in the reached distance, after the application of DT. In the gait analysis the patient presented angular variations in each part of gait cycle. Conclusion: The application of DT has positive effects in the correction of the gait pattern and lower limb functionality, in a post-stroke patient.
35
Silveira, Ana Isabel Espinha da. "Contribuição para o desenvolvimento de modelo cinético de compostagem." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/4765.
Abstract:
Dissertação apresentada para a obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Engenharia Sanitária,na Especialidade em Sistemas de Tratamento, pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa,Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaA evolução da actividade dos microrganismos em compostagem está relacionada com a sucessão de populações mesofílicas e termofílicas. A avaliação do processo de compostagem é normalmente feita de uma forma global, sem ter em conta que a actividade dos microrganismos está associada com a sucessão de populações mesofílicas e termófilicas. Tentativas de relacionar a actividade às populações microbianas basearam-se em métodos de determinação que não distinguem os microrganismos viáveis dos microrganismos activos. o presente trabalho tem por objectivo contribuir para o desenvolvimento de um modelo cinético de compostagem através da interpretação da variação da actividade dos microrganismos, expressa pela taxa de produção de C02, com base na sucessão de populações microbianas. Procurou-se ainda relacionar a actividade das populações com a modificação da composição do substrato. no sentido de fundamentar a hipótese da sucessão. Para a realização destes objectivos foi necessária a construção e automação de uma instalação piloto de compostagem à escala laboratorial. o plano experimental compreendeu a realização de um conjunto de ensaios para permitir a análise do comportamento da instalação de compostagem nos regimes de temperatura fixa (25 e 40°C) e temperatura variável (25-40°C), no que diz respeito à reprodutibilidade de resultados, à evolução da temperatura, humidade, pH, composição do substrato (peso seco, sólidos voláteis. amido, hemicelulose, celulose e lenhina) e gradientes desta natureza no interior do reactor. Foram repetidos ensaios em idênticas condições para o desenvolvimento do modelo cinético de compostagem e, em simultâneo, para a observação da alteração do aspecto macroscópico do substrato. Realizaram-se ainda ensaios específicos para avaliação do comportamento do modelo cinético com a duração dos ensaios e identificação dos bolores activos. o modelo cinético de compostagem considera que a actividade observada pode ser explicada pelo somatório do comportamento de populações individuais, cada uma com um crescimento descrito pelo modelo de Gompertz. Os parâmetros que caracterizam a actividade de cada população foram estimados através do método dos mínimos quadrados. A qualidade estatística do modelo foi avaliada através do coeficiente de determinação, r2 , intervalos de confiança assintótícos das estimativas dos parâmetros,análise do resíduo utilizando-se ainda o teste da razão de verosimilhança para comparar soluções. Para escolha da solução relativa ao número de populações, as soluções estatísticas foram confrontadas com os resultados da observação da alteração do aspecto macroscópico dos reactores e da modificação dos bolores activos.
Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnológica e pl:!fa Direcção Geral do Ambiente, Projecto 88/91/J JNICT-DGQA "Influência da compostagem na degradação de substâncias tóxicas e perigosas"
36
Gálvez, Centeno César André. "Nivel de conocimiento sobre reanimación cardiopulmonar básico del personal de enfermería en un establecimiento de primer nivel de atención Essalud de Lima - Perú 2015." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/4765.
Abstract:
El presente estudio tiene como título: “Nivel de conocimiento sobre Reanimación Cardiopulmonar Básico del personal de enfermería en un establecimiento de primer nivel de atención Essalud de Lima - Perú 2015”. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre reanimación cardiopulmonar básico del personal de enfermería en un establecimiento de primer nivel de atención. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, el nivel es aplicativo, de diseño descriptivo y de corte transversal. La población con la que se trabajó estuvo conformada por 36 personas tanto enfermeros como técnicos de enfermería. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta y el instrumento fue el cuestionario. Resultados: el personal de enfermería tiene un nivel de conocimientos medio sobre reanimación cardiopulmonar con un porcentaje de 69.44% (25). En relación a los conocimientos sobre identificación y activación del sistema médico de emergencia, obtuvieron un nivel medio con un porcentaje de 69.44% (25). En relación a los conocimientos sobre compresiones torácicas, obtuvieron un nivel medio con un porcentaje de 69.44% (25). En relación a los conocimientos sobre el manejo de la vía aérea, obtuvieron un nivel medio con un porcentaje de 58.33% (21). En relación a los conocimientos sobre la ventilación, obtuvieron un nivel medio, con un porcentaje de 80.55% (29). En relación a los conocimientos sobre desfibrilación temprana, obtuvieron un nivel medio, con un porcentaje de 80.56% (29). Conclusión: La mayoría del personal de enfermería del establecimiento de primer nivel de atención tiene un nivel de conocimiento medio sobre reanimación cardiopulmonar básica. Palabras claves: Conocimiento, personal de enfermería, reanimación cardiopulmonar, establecimiento de primer nivel de atención.--- This study is entitled: "Knowledge about CPR Basic nursing staff in an establishment of first level of care Essalud Lima - Peru 2015". Objective: To determine the level of knowledge about basic CPR nursing staff in an establishment of primary care. The study is quantitative, the level is applicative, descriptive and cross-sectional design. The people with whom we worked consisted of 36 people both nurses and nursing technicians. The data collection technique was the survey and the instrument was the questionnaire. Results: nursing staff interviewed has a medium level of knowledge of CPR with a percentage of 69.44% (25). In relation to knowledge on the identification and activation of the emergency medical system, they obtained an average level of 69.44% percentage (25). Regarding knowledge of chest compressions, they obtained an average level of 69.44% percentage (25). In relation to knowledge about managing airway, they obtained an average level of 58.33% percentage (21). In relation to knowledge about ventilation, they achieved an average level, with a percentage of 80.55% (29). Finally in relation to knowledge about early defibrillation, they obtained an average level, with a percentage of 80.56% (29). Conclusion: The majority of nurses establishment of primary care has a medium level of knowledge about basic CPR. Keywords: Knowledge, nursing staff, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, establishment of primary care.
Tesis
37
Dell'Aglio, Júnior José Caetano. "Prevalência do transtorno bipolar e do espectro bipolar em uma amostra de usuários de um serviço de saúde da cidade de Porto Alegre/RS." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/4765.
Abstract:
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Previous issue date: 2012The development of mental health policies relies on information concerning prevalence and distribution of mental health disorders in the general population. In the past few decades there has been a growing interest in the epidemiology of Humor Disorders and, in special, in the prevalence of Bipolar Disorders (BD). This interest has followed the accumulated researchbased evidence that sub threshold forms of the disorder comprise a wider syndrome named Bipolar Spectrum (BS) and are not detected via the most used standardized criteria. Nevertheless, there is little information in Brazil regarding both BD and BS and, in particular, there is a lack of research about its prevalence and associated factors. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of both BD and BS in a sample of health care users of Porto Alegre city/Brazil. Three studies (one theoretical and two empirical) were developed and presented in manuscript format. The first paper consists of a systematic review of 14 years of publications about the prevalence of BD and BS in population studies.A total of 18 studies met inclusion criteria and the results revealed variable findings with the greater prevalence being 7,5% and 15,1%, respectively. The second paper investigated the prevalence of BD and its subtypes via the diagnostic criteria established by the SCID, and the association between BD and demographic variables, health and intervention indicators. Results revealed a lifetime prevalence of 17,0% for any BD, 4,8% for BDI I, 8,8% for BD II and 3,4% for BD NOS. Being female, young and religious emerged as moderators for the prevalence of BD. Among health and intervention indicators, smoking, taking part in psychological or psychiatric treatment, use of medication and admission in mental health hospital were associated with any BD. The third paper presents the prevalence of BS accessed via the Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32) and the relationship between BS diagnosis and BD categorical diagnosis accessed via the SCID, as well as demonstrated the psychometric properties of the HCL-32.Results revealed good internal consistency for the HCL-32. Using the ³14 threshold a high prevalence of BS was observed (70,0%), whereas using the ³26 threshold the observed prevalence was 10,7%. The three studies suggest a high prevalence of both BD and indicate that the use of appropriated instruments for diagnosis of hypomania and its lighter forms may expand this diagnosis for the BS. Findings of this thesis relate to a somewhat small sample and therefore larger studies are needed in an attempt to confirm the prevalence of BD and BS and its associated factors in the Brazilian population.
A formulação de políticas em saúde mental depende de informações a respeito da frequência e distribuição dos transtornos psiquiátricos na população. Nas últimas décadas, tem havido um crescente interesse na epidemiologia dos Transtornos do Humor, principalmente do Transtorno Bipolar (TB), devido ao conhecimento, cada vez maior, por parte dos pesquisadores, de que formas sintomáticas mais atenuadas deste não são captadas pelos critérios e sistemas diagnósticos atuais e formam uma dimensão maior de síndromes chamada de Espectro Bipolar (EB). No entanto, no Brasil ainda são poucos os estudos acerca do TB e do EB, em especial há uma lacuna no que diz respeito aos indicadores de prevalência e fatores associados. Neste sentido, a presente tese teve como objetivo investigar a prevalência do TB e EB em uma amostra de usuários de um serviço de saúde da cidade de Porto Alegre/RS. Para tanto, foram desenvolvidos três estudos, sendo um teórico e dois empíricos – apresentados no formato de artigos. No primeiro artigo é apresentado o resultado de uma revisão sistemática de publicações nos últimos 14 anos que objetivou investigar achados sobre as prevalências do TB e do EB em estudos populacionais. Um total de 18 estudos foram selecionados e os resultados indicaram dados heterogêneos na prevalência do TB e EB com taxas variando entre 7,5% e 15,1%, respectivamente.O segundo artigo apresenta as prevalências dos subtipos do TB segundo o diagnóstico categórico baseado na SCID, o efeito sobre o transtorno de variáveis demográficas e a relação entre a prevalência deste transtorno e indicadores de saúde e intervenção psicoterápica. Os resultados indicaram prevalência para a vida para Qualquer TB de 17,0%, sendo 4,8% para TB I, 8,8% para TB II e 3,4% para o TB SOE. Ser do sexo feminino, jovem e nível de religiosidade emergiram como moderadores importantes para a prevalência de TB. Dentre as variáveis de saúde e intervenção, uso de tabaco, tratamento psicológico ou psiquiátrico passado ou presente, uso de medicação e internação psiquiátrica estão associados ao TBO. O terceiro artigo apresenta as prevalências do EB, na mesma amostra populacional, obtidas através do instrumento Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32) e a relação do diagnóstico espectral com o diagnóstico categórico de TB, estabelecido através da SCID, além de apresentar evidências de validade de construto e propriedades psicométricas do HCL-32.Os resultados indicaram que o HCL-32 demonstrou uma boa consistência interna. No ponto de corte ³14 observou-se uma prevalência muito alta do espectro bipolar (70,0%), enquanto no ponto de corte ³26 a prevalência foi de 10,7%. Observa-se através dos três estudos uma prevalência elevada do TB e sugere-se que o uso de instrumentos adequados de detecção de hipomania em suas formas atenuadas possa ampliar este diagnóstico para o já reconhecido EB. Os achados desta tese, em uma amostra reduzida da população local, estimulam que estudos maiores sejam feitos no Brasil, objetivando a obtenção de prevalências do TB e do EB e suas variáveis sociodemográficas.
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Wilson, Gwyneth. "What causes variation in the reproductive performance of groups of Southern Ground-Hornbills Bucorvus Leadbeateri." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4765.
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Ribeiro, Sandra Patrícia Marques. "Concepção e implementação de um modelo de eLearning no ensino superior : estudo exploratório numa disciplina de inglês." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/4765.
Abstract:
Mestrado em Multimédia em EducaçãoO propósito deste trabalho é reflectir sobre todo o processo de migração de uma disciplina leccionada no regime presencial-tradicional para blendedlearning, focando aspectos desde a fase de concepção à fase de implementação de um modelo de eLearning. Neste sentido foi concebido e implementado um modelo para a disciplina de Inglês Aplicado ao Marketing, no Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto. Os objectivos primordiais consistiram em analisar o impacto de um modelo de eLearning numa disciplina de Língua Inglesa; analisar dados ao nível da participação e satisfação dos alunos; e ainda apresentar conclusões e apontar alguns caminhos de investigação futura. Desta forma, o estudo considera inúmeras questões que se prendem com modelos de eLearning, receptividade dos intervenientes, entre outras. Uma vez que a disciplina de Inglês para Fins Específicos é considerada instrumental, questionamo-nos sobre a motivação dos alunos. Surgem novas metodologias de ensino e há a necessidade de reestruturar conteúdos já existentes. Estarão os professores preparados para assumir as novas responsabilidades e enfrentar os novos desafios científicos, pedagógicos e tecnológicos? Para cumprir os objectivos propostos, a investigação baseia-se num estudo qualitativo, descritivo, assente numa metodologia de investigação-acção, uma vez que o intuito é verificar e anotar todo o desenrolar de uma disciplina ao longo de um semestre, leccionada seguindo um novo modelo de ensino. Implementar um modelo de eLearning envolve a adaptação de estratégias. As mudanças a nível de metodologias fazem com que professores e alunos repensem os seus papéis e atitudes. Neste caso concreto, os alunos participaram mas não se verificou interacção uma vez que se limitaram a responder à questão inicial sem opinar. Transparece um certo grau de desmotivação pessoal, indiferença perante algo mais polémico que possa induzir um debate. Apesar dos esforços para implementar novas estratégias e distribuir tarefas mais colaborativas, os alunos mostraram estar ainda dependentes do professor, revelando pouco interesse em serem autónomos e responsáveis pela própria aprendizagem. Migrar uma disciplina mostrou ser complicado e moroso, pois não implica uma transposição de conteúdos. A integração das tecnologias compromete não só a mudança de meios, mas também a mudança de metodologias, estratégias e competências. Significa trabalhar, reestruturar e avaliar. Uma implementação de sucesso requer uma mudança de atitudes e ideias, muitas vezes difícil. Envolve mais dedicação e tempo por parte do professor, muitas vezes não reconhecido pelos restantes. Num sistema onde os resultados são primordiais, a mudança é encarada com algum cepticismo.
The present dissertation seeks to describe the migration process of a traditionally taught English Language course to blended-learning, considering various aspects that range from the design to the implementation phase of an eLearning model. Thus, an eLearning model was conceived and implemented in English for Marketing, in ISCAP. The objectives of the project were two. They consisted in the analysis of the impact of an eLearning model in a language course and the analysis of the level of participation and student satisfaction data in this model. Furthermore it was our intention to indicate possible future research lines. Hence, this dissertation addresses global questions related to eLearning models, and questions related to the participants, such as students’ receptivity. As English for Specific Purposes is considered instrumental, students’ motivation is also questioned. This learning model questions teacher involvement. As new methodologies appear, there is the need to reorganize existing contents. Will teachers be prepared to assume the new responsibilities and face the new scientific, pedagogical and technological challenges? The project is based on a case study of a descriptive, qualitative nature, grounded on an action-research paradigm, as the objective was to verify and describe the unfolding of a blended-learning course throughout a semester. Placing a course on line implies adapting strategies. The shift in methods makes both teachers and students rethink their roles and their attitudes. In this case, students participated but there was no interaction; students simply answered a question, very often ignoring their personal opinion. There seems to be no self-motivation, no interest in raising questions or addressing new interests in their debates. Despite the efforts to implement new strategies, group oriented tasks, students still depended on the teacher to tell them what to do and how to do it. They showed little interest in being responsible for their own learning, in being autonomous. Migrating a course is not a simple task because it is not a mere transposition of contents. Integrating technology is not about changing the media of our “sevenyear old class notes”; it is about changing methods, strategies and competences. It is about working, restructuring, comparing and evaluating. Successfully implementing change requires a shift in attitudes and rooted ideals and that is not easy. It also implies time and dedication from the teacher that very often is not acknowledged by peers. In a system where the final results are essential, change is looked upon with some scepticism.
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La, Rochelle Natalie R. "Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Dentists and Orthodontists." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4765.
Abstract:
WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AMONG DENTISTS AND ORTHODONTISTS
A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Science in Dentistry at Virginia Commonwealth University.
by
Natalie R. La Rochelle
Thesis Director: Dr. Eser Tüfekçi, D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D., M.S.H.A.
Professor, Department of Orthodontics
Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond, Virginia
May 2017
The practice of dentistry is physically demanding due to static and dynamic postures sustained daily throughout careers. Previous literature suggests that work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) are not solely the result of work habits, but also due to the individual, his or her physical makeup, genetics, and personal lifestyle. A 33-question survey was distributed to 1000 general dentists and 2300 orthodontists. The overall prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders was greater among dentists and most often reported as self-limiting. Dentists were three times more likely than orthodontists to report WMSD; females were twice as likely to report WMSD than males; those who sought alternative medical remedies were two times more likely to have WMSD; and practitioners 6-10 years in practice were least likely to report WMSD. Dentists reported sitting in static positions longer than orthodontists; and those with WMSD indicated exercising, stretching, and seeking alternative health remedies more than dentists without WMSD.
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Chapeyama, Salome. "Developing a regional competition regulatory framework in the Southern African Development Community (SADC)." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4765.
Abstract:
Magister Legum - LLMThis study aims to evaluate the prospective benefits and challenges of developing a regional competition regulatory framework in SADC. Further, the study seeks to identify important lessons from the EU and COMESA that are crucial for the pursuance of a regional competition regulatory framework.
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Synnott, Peter William. "The development of an orthodontic screening method." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4765.
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Jeffries, Michael. "A risk-based framework for new products: a South African telecommunication’s study." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4765.
Abstract:
The integrated reports of Vodacom, Telkom and MTN — telecommunication organisations in South Africa — show that they are diversifying their product offerings from traditional voice and data services. These organisations are including new offerings covering the financial, health, insurance and mobile education services. The potential exists for these organisations to launch products that are substandard and which either do not take into account customer needs or do not comply with current legislations or regulations. Most telecommunication organisations have a well-defined enterprise risk management program, to ensure compliance to King III, however risk management processes specifically for new products and services might be lacking. The responsibility usually resides with the product managers for the implementation of robust products; however they do not always have the correct skillset to ensure adherence to governance requirements and therefore might not be aware of which laws they might not be adhering to, or understand the customers’ requirements. More complex products, additional competition, changes to technology and new business ventures have reinforced the need to manage risk on telecommunication products. Failure to take risk requirements into account could lead to potential fines, damage the organisation’s reputation which could lead to customers churning from these service providers. This research analyses three periods of data captured from a mobile telecommunication organisation to assess the current status quo of risk management maturity within the organisation’s product and service environment. Based on the analysis as well as industry best practices, a risk management framework for products is proposed that can assist product managers analyse concepts to ensure adherence to governance requirements. This could assist new product or service offerings in the marketplace do not create a perception of distrust by consumers.
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Castilho, Júnior Newton Corrêa de. "O comércio eletrônico e sua aplicação no planejamento e gestão do processo de compras da cadeia de suprimentos: um estudo na indústria química." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/4765.
Abstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:14:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2002-02-19T00:00:00ZNot long after addressing integration issues for its internal functions, the enterprise faces a new challenge. It turns itself to the outside, to create a networked environment, that includes its business partners. It becomes crucial, that improvements to partnering relationship be achieved, by means of automated processes, that manage their Supply and Distribution Chains. The Information Technology, by allowing processes connection and systems interaction, becomes an essential tool for this transformation. Specifically, the environment built over the Information Highway, formed by the Internet and its services, as the WWW, assures considerable relationship leverage within the organization, among organizations and between them and its customers. This business transformation, based on the Information Technology, over communication networks, we call Electronic Commerce. Based on the knowledge brought by the currently available theory and also on the results attained by the case study performed, the author identifies and categorizes the Electronic Commerce influences over the Supply Chain buying processes for the chemical industry, while structuring these influences and their relations to the existing digital business models
Após endereçar questões relativas à integração de suas funções internas, a empresa está se voltando para a criação de um ambiente externo interconectado com seus parceiros de negócio. Torna-se imperativo o aperfeiçoamento do relacionamento com estes parceiros, por meio de processos automatizados, que gerenciam as Cadeias de Suprimento e Distribuição formadas. A Tecnologia de Informação, ao permitir a conexão de processos e a interoperação de sistemas, passa a ser um instrumento essencial nesta transformação. Especificamente, o ambiente digital de negócio construído sobre a Infovia, formada principalmente pela Internet e seus serviços, como a WWW, confere avanços consideráveis ao relacionamento dentro da organização, entre organizações e entre estas e seus clientes. A esta transformação do negócio, baseada na Tecnologia de Informação, conectado às redes de comunicação, chama-se Comércio Eletrônico. Com base no conhecimento consolidado pelo referencial teórico disponível e nos resultados obtidos com o estudo de caso conduzido, o autor identifica e categoriza as influências do Comércio Eletrônico nos processos de compra da Cadeia de Suprimentos na indústria química, estruturando estas influências em relação aos modelos de negócios digitais conhecidos.
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King, John Frederick. "Magmatic Evolution and Eruptive History of the Granitic Bumping Lake Pluton, Washington: Source of the Bumping River and Cash Prairie Tuffs." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4765.
Abstract:
The 25 Ma Bumping Lake pluton ranges in composition from quartz diorite to granite with the granitic facies comprising approximately 90% of the pluton's surface area. The granite may be classified as calcalkaline, peraluminous and I-type with some Stype characteristics. A late-stage, mafic-poor facies fills cooling related extensional fractures. The pluton was passively emplaced into the Ohanapecosh Formation at a shallow level in the crust. Contact relationships vary from sharp where the contact is vertical to gradational at the roof of the pluton. Where gradational, stoped xenoliths from the roof of the pluton increase in size, angularity and retain more of their primary textures as the contact is approached. Spacial trends in major and trace elements support the interpretation that xenoliths were stoped and assimilated into the melt The predicted Rayleigh number for the pluton when molten is 107 and the predicted Reynolds number is approximately 10-9. Based on these values, the magma of the pluton probably did not convect, and if it did, convection was weak and not a significant process. Based on variations in Eu/Eu* and Sr values, plagioclase fractionation was an important process in the petrogenesis of the pluton. Additionally, fractionation of accessory minerals rich in light rare-earth elements (LREE) resulted in successive depletion of LREE with progressive differentiation. Two separate regions of the pluton are highly differentiated as indicated by high Si02 values, high Rb/Zr ratios, and low Zr and Ti02 values. Mapping by the author indicates that the pluton projects beneath the Mount Aix caldera. Dates of three tuffs derived from the caldera are equivalent to the pluton, and two of these tuffs are chemically indistinguishable from the granite facies of the pluton. This implies that the Bumping Lake pluton represents the chilled remains of the magma chamber that fed the Mount Aix caldera.
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Zepeda, Santiago. "Cognitive Behavioral Substance Treatment on Latino Engagement, Motivation, and Drug Use Thinking." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4765.
Abstract:
The U.S. Latino population seeking substance abuse treatment has nearly doubled over the past 10 years, yet ethnic-based research and intervention strategies are lacking. The purpose of this quantitative study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Treatment Readiness Induction Program (TRIP) among the Latino adolescent population. Cognitive behavioral therapy and the integrated judgment and decision making model provided the theoretical framework. Secondary data from 137 Latino/Latina participants were collected on engagement, motivation, and drug use thinking scales and their respective subscales to evaluate differences by gender and by a group of clients who received standard operating practice treatment (SOP) and those who, in addition to SOP, received TRIP treatment (SOP+TRIP). An independent t test found no gender differences on any of the subscales. Contrary to expectations, an independent t test indicated the SOP group had statistically significantly higher scores on the motivation subscale of desire for help and on the engagement subscale of peer support. The longer time in treatment by the SOP+TRIP group may account for the unexpected findings, and a repeated-measures design is recommended in future research to map and better understand changes in engagement, motivation, and drug use thinking across time in treatment. Findings and recommendations inform positive social change intervention and assessment strategies that target Latino clients seeking support of drug abuse.
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Stewart, Adele Marie. "Regulator of G protein signaling 6 (RGS6), a multifarious and pleiotropic modulator of G protein coupled receptor signaling in brain." Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4765.
Abstract:
Transmembrane signal transduction by ligand-activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) controls virtually every aspect of mammalian physiology, and this receptor class is the target of 40-50% of currently marketed pharmaceuticals. In addition to the clinical use of direct GPCR agonists and antagonists, it is now believed that GPCR effectors and regulators may also be viable drug targets with improved therapeutic efficacy and specificity. The prototypic role of Regulator of G protein Signaling (RGS) proteins is inhibition of G protein signaling through acceleration of GTP hydrolysis by GΑ, which promotes re-association of GΑ and GΒΓ subunits with the receptor at the cell membrane. In this way, RGS proteins determine the magnitude and duration of the cellular response to GPCR stimulation. Though RGS protein biochemistry has been well elucidated in vitro, the physiological functions of each RGS family member remain largely unexplored.
RGS6 belongs to the R7 subfamily of RGS proteins originally identified in brain. Our acquisition of an RGS6-/- mouse allowed us to survey RGS6 expression in all tissues of the body revealing the greatest expression of RGS6 in brain. Despite robust neural RGS6 expression, little is known regarding functional roles of RGS6 in the brain and spinal cord. In addition, we identified several novel, higher molecular weight RGS6 immunoreactive bands specifically present in the nervous system. The plan of this thesis work was multifaceted. We sought to elucidate novel GPCR signaling cascades modulated by RGS6 in brain while simultaneously characterizing the expression patterns and identity of the novel RGS6 species specifically detected in the nervous system. Considering the large diversity of RGS6 isoforms present in brain, the abundance of potential RGS6 binding partners, and the possibility of discovering new mechanisms involved in RGS6 regulation, elucidation of the novel RGS6 molecular species is of paramount importance.
Utilizing RGS6-/- mice we identified RGS6 as a critical modulator of two GPCRs in brain. First, by inhibiting the serotonin receptor 1A (5-HT1AR)-adenylyl cyclase (AC) axis, RGS6 functions to promote anxiety- and depression-related behaviors in mice. As a result, RGS6-/- mice exhibit a robust anxiolytic and antidepressant phenotype remarkably similar to that of animals treated chronically with therapeutic doses of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). RGS6 also inhibits GABAB receptor (GABABR)-G protein- activated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channel current in cerebellar granule cells, and loss of RGS6 results in cerebellar ataxia and gait abnormalities reversible by GABABR blockade. Furthermore, evaluation of voluntary alcohol drinking behaviors in WT versus RGS6-/- mice revealed a striking reduction in alcohol intake resulting from RGS6 loss in both acute and chronic alcohol consumption paradigms due, at least in part, to potentiation of GABABR signaling. Thus, RGS6 inhibitors have potential clinical utility in the treatment of mood disorders and alcoholism.
We have shown that one novel RGS6 immunoreactive band expressed in the brain and spinal cord is a phospho-protein sensitive to Λ phosphatase-mediated dephosphorylation. Further, new information acquired from PCR amplification of RGS6 mRNA species from human brain cDNA libraries has necessitated substantial revisions to the RGS6 splicing scheme devised by the Fisher laboratory in 2003. To the 36 isoforms generated from two alternate transcription start sites (RGS6L vs. RGS6), the inclusion or exclusion of exons 14 and 17, and variable splicing to one of 7 different 3' terminal exons, we have added the possible insertion of three novel internal exons (A1, A2, A3), a retained intron, and two new 3' terminal exons. As a result, the number of RGS6 mRNAs present in brain could be as many as 248 unique species, an astonishing diversity unprecedented in the RGS protein family.
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Polano, Maurizio. "Structural insights into alternate aggregation states of mouse prion protein." Doctoral thesis, SISSA, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/4765.
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Mino, Benedetta Francesca <1988>. "Il mercato dei cosmetici in Cina. Barriere all'ingresso dei prodotti di importazione." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/4765.
Abstract:
Il lavoro di ricerca intende analizzare i principali ostacoli che le aziende straniere operanti nel settore cosmetico si trovano ad affrontare per l’ingresso e la commercializzazione dei loro prodotti nel mercato cinese.
Tali ostacoli si esprimono in particolar modo in barriere non tariffarie che tramite una normativa rigida e complessa impongono alle aziende straniere di svolgere con rigore e accuratezza le procedure richieste per l’esportazione e la libera vendita nel mercato cinese. Infatti la normativa stabilisce che tutti i cosmetici importati per la prima volta nella RPC possono essere venduti nel mercato cinese solo se, qualora soddisfino tutti gli standard richiesti, abbiano ottenuto l’autorizzazione e la registrazione dei cosmetici da parte delle autorità competenti, la cui approvazione è frutto di un iter lungo, arduo e costoso.
La complessità di tale procedura è stata anche confermata nella prassi vera e propria durante il progetto di stage svolto presso un’azienda italiana produttrice di cosmetici di cui riporto il caso di studio, la quale ha dovuto affrontare numerose difficoltà per l’ottenimento delle certificazioni necessarie per l’esportazione nella RPC.
Un contesto normativo così stringente, oltre ad avere come obiettivo principale, quello di garantire l’immissione sul mercato di prodotti controllati e sicuri per tutelare la sicurezza dei consumatori, obiettivo a cui del resto tende la gran parte dei Paesi sviluppati, sembra anche far trasparire un secondo fine che si declina in una politica protezionistica adottata per ostacolare le aziende straniere e, al contempo, salvaguardare e favorire le aziende nazionali.
Nella tesi verrà presentata l’analisi dell’intera procedura che un’azienda straniera deve compiere per introdurre i propri prodotti cosmetici nel mercato cinese, soffermandosi passo dopo passo sulle singole fasi del processo e le relative documentazioni, tempi e costi richiesti, a partire dall’ottenimento della certificazione cosmetica, le norme che regolano le modalità di etichettatura fino all’ispezione.
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Sætrang, Sondre. "RSW Systems with CO2 as Refrigerant : Testing of new system solutions for sea water coolers." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11034.
Abstract:
In a refrigerated seawater (RSW) system using carbon dioxide (CO2) as the refrigerant, a variable bypass valve was installed in front of a suction gas heat exchanger (SGHX). A simulation tool was developed and utilized to optimize the systems transcritical performance (COP) with respect to the gas cooler pressure and choke valve inlet temperature for cooling and combined cooling and water heating. The simulations indicate that the RSW system performance can be increased compared to running a system with a traditional non-variable suction gas heat exchanger, but only when the cooling water temperatures are high (above ~25°C) or where air is used as the cooling medium, for instance commercial or mobile refrigeration. It is strongly recommended that a system to be used for simultaneous cooling and heating should have an improved design compared to the current setup, as this mode of operation shows low cooling capacity and poor energy efficiency.