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1
Kaewnuam, Eakgapon, Pruek Prongsamrong, Hong Joo Kim, Jakrapong Kaewkhao, and Natthakridta Chanthima. "The Photoluminescence and Physical Properties of Eu3+ Ions in Li2O-Y2O3-B2O3 Glass System." Advanced Materials Research 979 (June 2014): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.979.147.
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The photoluminescence and physical properties of lithium yttrium borate glasses doped with Eu2O3were studied in this work. The glasses were prepared by the melt-quenching technique and varied the Eu2O3doped concentration between 0.00-1.50 mol%. We found that, the molar volume and density of these glasses showed linear increasing tendency with Eu2O3concentration. The absorption bands were observed in UV and NIR region. For the Eu3+doped glasses, the excitation bands centered at 363, 383, 394, 414, 465, 526 and 533 nm were observed with 613 nm emission wavelength. While in the emission spectra, the bands centered at 590, 613, 652 and 701 nm were observed with excitation of 394 nm. The intensity of excitation and emission bands increased with increasing of Eu2O3concentration.
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Green, Angela M., Deanna K. Woo, Dora Fonseca, Elizabeth Jordan-Dreskin, and Lei Li. "Novel violet fluorescent nanoparticles for immunophenotyping using flow cytometry." Journal of Immunology 206, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2021): 27.10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.27.10.
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Abstract A novel series of fluorescent nanoparticles with violet excitation have been developed for use with flow cytometry antibodies. These exceptionally bright, photostable dyes also have narrow emission spectra, making them ideal for inclusion in high parameter multicolor panels. For this study, StarBright Violets 440, 515, 610, 670, 710 and 790 were conjugated to human B-cell, T-cell, and Treg marker monoclonal antibodies and used to immunophenotype human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in an 8-color panel. Tests with this panel were conducted in different staining buffers and compared to a panel with dyes having similar spectra and the same clonality. The new StarBright multicolor panel showed better resolution of Treg populations and reliable identification of the different T- and B-cell populations across different stain buffers and conditions, which makes the StarBright Violet nanoparticles an excellent addition to the field of high parameter flow cytometry.
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Frankenhuyzen, Kees van, and Glen H. Geen. "Effects of low pH and nickel on growth and survival of the shredding caddisfly Clistoronia magnifica (Limnephilidae)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 7 (July 1, 1987): 1729–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-267.
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In laboratory experiments with larvae of the shredding caddisfly Clistoronia magnifica, toxicity of nickel chloride hexahydrate was highly pH dependent. Larvae were exposed from first instar until pupation to three nickel concentrations (55, 215, 700 μg Ni2+/L) in soft water adjusted to pH 4.1, 5.5, and 6.2. Nickel reduced the survival of larvae and pupae at all pH levels but toxicity decreased with increasing H+ concentration. In addition, Ni at 215 μg/L temporarily ameliorated H+ toxicity to early instar larvae at pH 4.1. Reduced toxicity with decreasing pH fits the hypothesis that free metal ions compete with H+ for the same binding–uptake sites. Available data suggest that this phenomenon is not restricted to a particular metal or organism but that it applies to pH–metal interactions in general.
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Kolli, Bala Krishna, Swati Tiwari, and Prasanna Mohanty. "Ultraviolet-B Induced Damage to Photosystem II in Intact Filaments of Spirulina platensis." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 53, no. 5-6 (June 1, 1998): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1998-5-611.
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Abstract When Spirulina platensis filaments were exposed to 0.75 mW.m-2.s-1 of ultraviolet-B radiation (the ultraviolet-B radiation under clear sky condition is ~1.0 mW.m-2.s-1), an inhibition in photosystem II activity was observed, the inhibition being 90% after 90 min exposure. Upon exposure to ultraviolet-B, the room temperature emission characteristics of Spirulina cells were altered when excited with light primarily absorbed by chlorophyll a or phycobilisomes. When the cells were exposed for 3 h the emission at 685 nm (F685), when excited at 440 nm (primarily chlorophyll a absorption), was enhanced compared to 715 nm (F 715) band of photosystem I suggesting a decrease in energy transfer from photosystem II to photosys tem I. Similarly, when the cells were excited at 580 nm (primarily the phycobilisomes), the ratio of emission intensity at 685 nm (F685) to that of 655 nm (F655) was decreased in the exposed cells. This change in emission characteristics seems to be linked with the uncoupling of the energy transfer from allophycocyanin to chlorophyll a of photosystem II. A small shift in emission peak positions was also indicated when excited either at 440 nm or 580 nm. Analysis of the fast induction of chlorophyll a transients in the presence and absence of 10 μm 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-l,l-dimethylurea (DCMU) indicated that ultraviolet-B expo sure initially affects Qᴀ, the primary stable acceptor of photosystem II, and then the plastoquinone (PQ) pool. Our results on the loss in photosystem Il-catalyzed Hill activity with p-benzoquinone or dichlorobenzoquinone as electron acceptors also supports the contention that ultraviolet-B, even at low dose, initially alters the Qᴀ of photosystem II and subsequently PQ pool. The analysis of functional pool size of Spirulina suggests a substantial decrease in the functional pool size after 2 h UV-B exposure. These results indicate that in Spirulina low intensity of ultraviolet-B initially damages the reaction centre of photosystem II.
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Pokhodnya, G. S., Yu P. Breslavets, V. M. Breslavets, A. V. Kosov, and N. V. Perevozchikov. "Rearing gilts breeding with the introduction of “Elevit” feed additive into their diet." E3S Web of Conferences 282 (2021): 04010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128204010.
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Our studies have shown that additional introduction of feed additive “Elevit” into the rearing gilts’ diet at a dosage of 1.0; 1.5; 2.0% during their breeding from 4 to 8 months allows to increase the gilts’ live weight by 3.9; 7.0; 9.5%, respectively, with average daily gains also increasing in comparison to the control group by 6.4; 11.6; 15.7%. Also, when reaching 8 months, gilts of experimental groups exceeded their peers from the control group in heart mass by 3.2; 4.1; 6.3%; lungs - by 3.7; 4.0; 4.2%; liver - by 5.1; 5.8; 6.2%, respectively. When rearing gilts reached the age of 8 months, a study of their reproductive function was carried out. So, we have established that gilts receiving “Elevit” feed additive together with the diet at a dosage of 1.0; 1.5; 2.0% exceeded their peers from the control group in fertilization indicator by 4.5; 5.4; 5.4%, and multifertility - by 4.3; 6.2; 7.5% respectively. The increase in these indicators led to an increase in the total number of experimental piglets received from rearing sows by 36, 3; 47.1; 48.7% compared to control.
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Kozuka, Hiromitsu, and Atsushi Higuchi. "Single-layer submicron-thick BaTiO3 coatings from poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-containing sols: Gel-to-ceramic film conversion, densification, and dielectric properties." Journal of Materials Research 16, no. 11 (November 2001): 3116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2001.0430.
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BaTiO3-coating films were prepared from a solution containing poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) of molar composition Ba(CH3COO)2:Ti(OC2H5)4:PVP:CH3COOH:H2O: C2H5OH = 1:1:0.5:27:4:5, via nonrepetitive, single-step dip-coating. The gel films were found to be converted into BaTiO3 films via evaporation of the solvent and CH3COOH below 210 °C, decomposition of PVP at 210–360 °C, decomposition of CH3COO− below 440 °C, and crystallization at 500–610 °C. The decomposition of PVP was accompanied by the progress of the condensation reaction, which resulted in significant reduction in film thickness. When the gel films were heated isothermally at 700 °C, crack-free BaTiO3 films as thick as 0.9 μm were obtained. When the gel films were heated isothermally at 360 °C and then at 700 °C, the film became denser. Higher dielectric constants around 290 were found for the film that underwent the isothermal heat treatment at 360 °C. A slower rate of PVP decomposition was thought to be the key for the film densification.
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Ratih Wulandari. "PENJADWALAN PROYEK PEMBUATAN ROLLING MACHINE MENGGUNAKAN METODE JALUR KRITIS." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik 2, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.56127/juit.v2i1.480.
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Scheduling is very important in the basis of project planning so that it can run smoothly and can be completed on time. Before the project is carried out, it is necessary to have a project management stage which includes the planning stage, the scheduling stage and the coordination of these stages. Estimation of completion time for the production of rolling machine projects scheduled by PT. X is 36 days, the actual time in working on the rolling machine project is 32 days, then the estimated time for completing the iron rolling machine project using Microsoft Project is 27 days. The sequence of work processes using the critical path starts with number 1.1-1.2-2.1-4.1-4.2-4.3-4.7-4.8-6.1-6.2-6.3-7.1-7.2-7.3-7.4-7.5-7.6-7.7-7.8-7.9-7.10-8.1-8.2.
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Pekov, Igor V., Vasiliy O. Yapaskurt, Dmitry I. Belakovskiy, Marina F. Vigasina, Natalia V. Zubkova, and Evgeny G. Sidorov. "New arsenate minerals from the Arsenatnaya fumarole, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. VII. Pharmazincite, KZnAsO4." Mineralogical Magazine 81, no. 4 (August 2017): 1001–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2016.080.146.
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AbstractThe new mineral pharmazincite, KZnAsO4, was found in sublimates of the Arsenatnaya fumarole at the Second scoria cone of the Northern Breakthrough of the Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption, Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. It is closely associated with shchurovskyite, dmisokolovite, bradaczekite, arsmirandite, tilasite, johillerite, tenorite, hematite, aphthitalite and As-bearing orthoclase. Pharmazincite occurs as prismatic to acicular crystals up to 1 mm long and up to 0.03 mm thick typically combined in near parallel, radial or chaotic intergrowths, open-work aggregates or crusts up to 2 mm across. Pharmazincite is colourless to white, transparent, with a vitreous lustre. It is brittle, with a stepped fracture and a perfect cleavage parallel to [001]. Dcalc is 4.75 g cm–3. Pharmazincite is optically uniaxial (–),ω = 1.649(2), ε = 1.642(2). The Raman spectrum is reported. The chemical composition (wt.%, electron-microprobe data) is: K2O 18.98, CaO 0.14, MgO 1.20, CuO 4.41, ZnO 27.58, Fe2O3 0.15, P2O5 0.50, As2O546.67, total 99.63. The empirical formula, calculated based on 4 O apfu, is: (K0.97Ca0.01)∑0.98(Zn0.82Cu0.13Mg0.07Fe0.013+)∑1.03(As0.98P0.02)∑1.00O4.The strongest reflections of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern [d,Å(I)(hkl)] are: 6.36 (28)(111), 4.64(45)(220), 4.35(48)(002), 3.260(36)(411), 3.179(100)(222), 2.770(26)(113), 2.676(77)(600), 2.278(15)(602) and 1.710(15)(713, 115). Pharmazincite is hexagonal, a = 18.501(4), c = 8.7114(9) Å, V = 2582.4(8) Å3 and Z = 24 (single-crystal XRD data). Its space group is P63, by analogy with synthetic KZnAsO4 that has a crystal structure based upon a tetrahedral tridymite-type{ZnAsO4}– framework. It is isostructural with megakalsilite KAlSiO4. The new mineral is named for its chemical constituents.
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Okello, Clement D., Andrew W. Shih, Bridget Angucia, Noah Kiwanuka, Nancy Heddle, Jackson Orem, and Harriet Mayanja-Kizza. "Mortality and its associated factors in transfused patients at a tertiary hospital in Uganda." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (September 22, 2022): e0275126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275126.
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Blood transfusion is life-saving but sometimes also associated with morbidity and mortality. There is limited data on mortality in patients transfused with whole blood in sub-Saharan Africa. We described the 30-day all-cause mortality and its associated factors in patients transfused with whole blood to inform appropriate clinical intervention and research priorities to mitigate potential risks. A retrospective study was performed on purposively sampled patients transfused with whole blood at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) and Mulago hospital in the year 2018. Two thousand twelve patients with a median (IQR) age of 39 (28–54) years were enrolled over a four month period. There were 1,107 (55%) females. Isolated HIV related anaemia (228, 11.3%), gynaecological cancers (208, 10.3%), unexplained anaemia (186, 9.2%), gastrointestinal cancers (148, 7.4%), and kidney disease (141, 7.0%) were the commonest diagnoses. Most patients were transfused with only one unit of blood (n = 1232, 61.2%). The 30 day all-cause mortality rate was 25.2%. Factors associated with mortality were isolated HIV related anaemia (HR 3.2, 95% CI, 2.3–4.4), liver disease (HR 3.0, 95% CI, 2.0–4.5), kidney disease (HR 2.2, 95% CI, 1.5–3.3; p<0.01), cardiovascular disease (HR 2.9, 95% CI, 1.6–5.4; p<0.01), respiratory disease (HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.8–4.9; p<0.01), diabetes mellitus (HR 4.1, 95% CI, 2.3–7.4; p<0.01) and sepsis (HR 6.2, 95% CI 3.7–10.4; p<0.01). Transfusion with additional blood was associated with survival (HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7–0.9, p<0.01). In conclusion, the 30-day all-cause mortality was higher than in the general inpatients. Factors associated with mortality were isolated HIV related anaemia, kidney disease, liver disease, respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and sepsis. Transfusion with additional blood was associated with survival. These findings require further prospective evaluation.
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Silva-Guillen, Ysenia Victoria, Gabriela Martinez, Consuelo Arellano, and Eric van Heugten. "286 Effects of dietary peroxidized lipids and antioxidant supplementation in the drinking water on growth, oxidative and immune status of newly weaned piglets." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.246.
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Abstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate the use of vitamin E (VitE) and phytogenic compounds (PHYTO) in drinking water on performance, oxidative stress, and immune status of weaned piglets fed peroxidized lipids. In a 35-day study, 21-d old weaned piglets (n = 96; 6.10±0.64 kg BW) were assigned within sex and BW blocks to 1 of 4 dietary treatments, using 24 pens (4 pigs/pen; 6 replications/treatment). Diets contained either 6% human-grade soybean oil or 6% soybean oil which was peroxidized for 12 d at 80°C with constant air flow at 50 L/min (initial peroxide value, anisidine value, hexanal, and 2,4-decadienal concentrations were 4.1 vs. 141.6 meq/kg, 1.7 vs. 106, < 5 vs. 99 mg/kg, and 8 vs. 720 mg/kg for control and peroxidized oil, respectively). Pigs fed peroxidized lipids received drinking water without (control) or with supplemental VitE (100 IU/L d-α-tocopherol) or PHYTO (60 µL/L from d 1–7; 30 µL/L from d 8–35). Pigs fed control diet received control water only. Overall, peroxidized lipids decreased (P < 0.001) BW (18.20 vs. 21.55 kg) and ADG (347 vs. 441 g/day), and tended to decrease ADFI (P = 0.14; 537 vs. 617 g/day) and G:F (P = 0.07; 645 vs. 715 g/kg). Peroxidation decreased serum vitamin E (P = 0.03) which could be restored (P = 0.01) by VitE in the water, but not PHYTO. Serum concentrations of interferon-γ, interleukin(IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-1ra, IL2, IL4, IL-6, IL10, IL-12, IL-18, TNF-α, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, and total antioxidant capacity were not impacted by treatments (P > 0.05). Serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine was reduced (P = 0.001) with feeding peroxidized lipids and this was not altered by supplemental antioxidants (P = 0.45). Peroxidized lipids clearly reduced growth performance, which did not appear to be related to oxidative stress markers or immune-regulatory cytokines. The negative effects of peroxidized lipids could not be improved by vitamin E or PHYTO supplemented in drinking water.
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Jackson, Nsuhoridem I., Albert Vandenberg, Maya Subedi, and Scott D. Noble. "Optical Properties of Lentil Seed Coats Using Fiber-Optic Spectroscopy." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 38, no. 1 (2022): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.14456.
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HighlightsA fiber-optic spectroscopy system was set up and validated for measurement of optical properties of lentil seed coat.Light transmission properties of major lentil seed coat types were measured to evaluate their protective ability.Light transmission was detected mainly in the UVA and visible regions in all seed coat types except zero tannin.The protective abilities differed depending on seed coat type (important in breeding for cotyledon protection).Abstract. The light transmission of 20 lentil genotypes, representing six color classes (black, green, tan, brown grey, and zero tannin) was investigated to determine the degree to which seed coats prevent light transmission and possible photodegradation of cotyledon color. A fiber-optic spectroscopy system was set up for measurement; it consisted a deuterium-halogen light source, spectrometer, fiber-optic incidence and transmission probes, and sample holders. The nadir-aligned transmission spectra were measured in wavelength ranges of 250 to 850 nm. To study variability in light transmission of the different seed coat types, the curves were integrated in three wavelength regions to obtain Cumulative UV Transmission (CUVT, 250 to 400 nm), Cumulative VIS Transmission (CVIST, 401 to 700 nm), and Cumulative NIR Transmission (CNIRT, 701 to 850 nm), respectively. Tests for significant differences in light transmission were then done using analysis of variance (ANOVA) via General Linear Modelling and Posthoc GLM Tukey tests. Results showed that all the seed coat types, except zero tannin, showed no detectable transmission of UV light from 250 to 315 nm. Black seed coats showed detectable transmission from 615 to 850 nm, while other seed coat types transmitted varying percentages of light from 315 to 850 nm. The results of ANOVA showed that there were significant (p<0.05) differences in light transmission properties of the major seed coat types. Keywords: Fiber optics, Lentils, Light transmission, Pulse quality, Spectroscopy, Seed coat.
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Jardim, Dulcilene Pereira, Lisiane Vidal Lopes Machado, and Karin Viegas. "Perfil e tempo de permanência de pacientes intensivos assistidos na recuperação pós-anestésica." Revista SOBECC 25, no. 4 (December 21, 2020): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/z1414-4425202000040008.
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Objetivo: Identificar a frequência, o perfil e o tempo de permanência de pacientes intensivos admitidos na sala de recuperação pós-anestésica(SRPA). Método: Estudo transversal e retrospectivo, realizado com base em registros de admissões na SRPA de um hospital público no Rio Grande doSul, entre julho de 2012 e julho de 2017. Resultados: No período estudado, admitiram-se no setor 22.333 pacientes, sendo 717 (3,2%) pacientes intensivospor indisponibilidade de leito na unidade de terapia intensiva. Destes, 67,6% eram do sexo feminino, 61,2% em idade adulta, submetidos à neurocirurgia(61,5%). O tempo de permanência médio no setor foi de 10,7 horas, e 4,1% dos pacientes foram a óbito. Conclusão: A permanência de pacientesintensivos na SRPA requer adequação do setor em sua estrutura física e operacional, especialmente no que diz respeito à equipe assistencial tanto emquantidade de pessoal quanto em capacitação técnica necessária para assegurar uma assistência de qualidade.
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Wrigley, TJ, JM Chambers, and AJ McComb. "Nutrient and gilvin levels in waters of coastal-plain wetlands in an agricultural area of Western Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 39, no. 5 (1988): 685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9880685.
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The Peel-Harvey catchment lies on a sandy coastal plain, largely cleared for agriculture, and drains into a eutrophic estuarine system. Sixty-eight wetlands in the catchment had total phosphorus concentrations of 0.4-7.8 mg I-1, the high values being atrributed to agricultural activity. Conductivity was 150-8770 �S cm-1, pH 4.1-9.3. Waters contained high concentrations of gilvin, up to 262 g440 m-1 with a mean ratio of 6.2. Particulate material contributed little to light absorption at lower wavelengths (400-450 nm) but governed absorbance at 600-700 nm. Wetlands with the largest concen- trations of gilvin were located in the grey Bassendean sands, leachates from which had gilvin levels up to 748 g440 m-1. NO phytoplankton blooms were observed, and it is suggested that high gilvin levels and the consequent reduction in light penetration are important in maintaining low phytoplankton biomass in these lakes.
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Nael, Raha, Polly S. Montgomery, Kristy J. Scott, Steve M. Blevins, and Andrew W. Gardner. "Gender Differences in the Prevalence and Management of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease." Angiology 62, no. 8 (April 20, 2011): 657–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003319711404025.
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We compared the prevalence and management of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in men and women with peripheral artery disease (PAD). A total of 70 men and 70 women with PAD were evaluated for presence of MetS. There was no significant gender difference in presence of MetS ( P = .399) and the number of MetS components ( P = .411). Among PAD patients with each MetS component, there was no significant gender difference in the use ( P = .617) and number ( P = .716) of blood pressure medications, the use ( P = .593) and number ( P = .591) of lipid-lowering medications, and the number ( P = .155) of diabetic medications. Significantly more women were treated with diabetic medications compared with men (85 vs 57%, P = .026). The prevalence and management of MetS and its components was similar between men and women with PAD, except that more women were treated for diabetes. Patients with PAD having MetS did not receive optimal medical management.
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Radwan, A., H. Alzahrani, Y. Alzahrani, and A. Elsaman. "AB0720 HIP INVOLVEMENT IN A COHORT OF EGYPTIAN JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS PATIENTS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1391.2–1391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.712.
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Background:The hip joint is frequently involved in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). It is more common with polyarticular, systemic and enthesitis-related forms and with severe uncontrolled disease. Chronic hip arthritis leads to irreversible joint damage with marked impairment of quality of life and functional limitation [1]. Unilateral or bilateral hip arthritis occurs in 30- 50% of children with JIA [2].Objectives:The aim of this study is to assess the pattern of hip involvement in a cohort of Egyptian JIA patients in terms of epidemiological aspects, JIA pattern, bilateralism, associated extra-articular manifestations, radiological features, treatment and prognosis.Methods:We included 179 patients who fulfilled the International league against rheumatism criteria for JIA. Epidemiological, clinical, radiological, and therapeutic parameters were assembled and analyzed. Hip involvement was assessed using a semi-quantitative score of pain and tenderness for the hip, CARSH radiographic score of the hip, and Harris functional hip score. JADAS-27 was used for assessment of disease activity.Results:We included 113 girls and 66 boys; with a female: male ratio of nearly 2:1. The age at onset mean was 8.8±3 years (8.9±2.9 for females and 8.6±3.1 for males). The mean age at the study time was 13.3±4.1 years. The disease duration mean was 4.5±2.9 years.Clinically; 20.1% of the cases had hip involvement (12.8% unilateral and 7.3% bilateral), while by imaging, around 30.7% of the cases have hip involvement (19.6% unilateral and 11.2% bilateral). The mean age for cases with hip involvement was 14.1±4.3, compared to 12.9±4 among those with no hip involvement. The mean disease duration for those with hip arthritis (either clinical or by imaging) was 5.5±2.9 years, compared to 4.1±2.9 among those with no hip involvement (Figure 1).Figure 1.Difference between JIA cases with and without hip involvement.The Mean JADAS-27 was 13.5±6.2 and for those with hip involvement was 16.3±6.3. The commonest pattern of JIA with hip arthritis was polyarticular followed by enthesitis-related arthritis. There was a strong significant correlation between JADAS-27 and hip involvement at one hand and Harris score, semi-quantitative score for pain and tenderness at the other hand. Further, disease duration was significantly correlated with hip involvement as well. Among cases with hip involvement, 25% demonstrated destructive changes and 30% showed growth abnormalities.Conclusion:Hip arthritis in JIA is related to polyarticular and enthesitis-related pattern. Longer disease duration, seropositive polyarticular pattern were related to poor prognosis for hip arthritis.References:[1]Singh JA, Cleveland JD. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is associated with higher healthcare utilization after total knee or hip replacement. Scandinavian journal of rheumatology 2021; 50: 34-9.[2]Rostom S, Amine B, Bensabbah R, Abouqal R, Hajjaj-Hassouni N. Hip involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clinical rheumatology 2008; 27: 791-4.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Gómez-Losada, Álvaro, and José C. M. Pires. "Estimation of Particulate Matter Contributions from Desert Outbreaks in Mediterranean Countries (2015–2018) Using the Time Series Clustering Method." Atmosphere 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12010005.
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North African dust intrusions can contribute to exceedances of the European PM10 and PM2.5 limit values and World Health Organisation standards, diminishing air quality, and increased mortality and morbidity at higher concentrations. In this study, the contribution of North African dust in Mediterranean countries was estimated using the time series clustering method. This method combines the non-parametric approach of Hidden Markov Models for studying time series, and the definition of different air pollution profiles (regimes of concentration). Using this approach, PM10 and PM2.5 time series obtained at background monitoring stations from seven countries were analysed from 2015 to 2018. The average characteristic contributions to PM10 were estimated as 11.6 ± 10.3 µg·m−3 (Bosnia and Herzegovina), 8.8 ± 7.5 µg·m−3 (Spain), 7.0 ± 6.2 µg·m−3 (France), 8.1 ± 5.9 µg·m−3 (Croatia), 7.5 ± 5.5 µg·m−3 (Italy), 8.1 ± 7.0 µg·m−3 (Portugal), and 17.0 ± 9.8 µg·m−3 (Turkey). For PM2.5, estimated contributions were 4.1 ± 3.5 µg·m−3 (Spain), 6.0 ± 4.8 µg·m−3 (France), 9.1 ± 6.4 µg·m−3 (Croatia), 5.2 ± 3.8 µg·m−3 (Italy), 6.0 ± 4.4 µg·m−3 (Portugal), and 9.0 ± 5.6 µg·m−3 (Turkey). The observed PM2.5/PM10 ratios were between 0.36 and 0.69, and their seasonal variation was characterised, presenting higher values in colder months. Principal component analysis enabled the association of background sites based on their estimated PM10 and PM2.5 pollution profiles.
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Hoke, Matthias, Paul Kyrle, Karl Philipp, Ingrid Pabinger, Alexandra Kaider, Verena Schönauer, Peter Quehenberger, and Sabine Eichinger. "Prospective evaluation of coagulation activation in pregnant women receiving low-molecular weight heparin." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 91, no. 05 (2004): 935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th03-11-0719.
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SummaryPregnancy is a major risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), and low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) seems to be safe and effective in pregnant women. Normal pregnancy is accompanied by a state of hypercoagulability, indicated by an increase in markers of coagulation activation. In a prospective cohort study, we followed 61 women who received LMWH thromboprophylaxis throughout pregnancy because of a history of VTE, hereditary thrombophilia and/or previous pregnancyrelated complications. The control group consisted of 113 healthy pregnant women without antithrombotics. D-Dimer, prothrombin fragment F1+2 (F1+2) and the resistance to activated protein C (APC-ratio) were measured in all women during the first, second and third trimester. Patients and controls did not significantly differ with regard to baseline characteristics and pregnancy outcome. A (recurrent)VTE was seen in one patient despite LMWH. D-Dimer levels significantly increased among patients and controls during pregnancy (p <0.0001), and were significantly higher among patients compared with the controls (p <0.0001) [395 ng/ml (95% CI 340-458) and 249 ng/ml (95%CI 234-266); 710 ng/ml (95% CI 602-838) and 475 ng/ml (95% CI 431-523); 1089 ng/ml (95% CI 931-1273) and 822 ng/ml (95% CI 741-911); respectively]. Levels of F1+2 significantly increased while the APC-ratio significantly decreased during pregnancy among patients and controls. Despite LMWH, pregnancy is accompanied by a substantial activation of the coagulation system.
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Nateri, Abdolrahman S., Pamela J. Hughes, and Glyn Stanway. "In Vivo and In Vitro Identification of Structural and Sequence Elements of the Human Parechovirus 5′ Untranslated Region Required for Internal Initiation." Journal of Virology 74, no. 14 (July 15, 2000): 6269–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.14.6269-6277.2000.
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ABSTRACT Sequence analysis of the picornavirus echovirus 22 led to its classification as the first member of a new genus,Parechovirus, and renaming as human parechovirus type 1 (HPeV1). Although distinct from other genera in most of the genome, the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) shows similarities to that of cardio/aphthoviruses in some of its structural domains (A to L). The 5′UTR plays an important role in picornavirus translation initiation and in RNA synthesis. To investigate translation in HPeV1, we engineered an extensive range of mutations (including precise deletions and point mutations) into the 5′UTR. Their effects were studied both by in vitro transcription-translation using a bicistronic construct and by in vivo studies using an infectious, full-length HPeV1 cDNA. These approaches allowed the HPeV1 internal ribosome entry site (IRES) to be mapped. Deletions within the first 298 nucleotides had little impact in the in vitro system, while deletions of nucleotides 298 to 538 had a significant effect. Precise removal of domains H and L (nucleotides 287 to 316 and 664 to 682, respectively) did not significantly reduce translation efficiency in vitro, while domains I, J, and K (nucleotides 327 to 545, 551 to 661, and 614 to 645, respectively) appeared to have much more important roles. Mutation of a phylogenetically conserved GNRA motif (positions 421 to 424) within domain I severely reduced translation. We also confirmed the identity of the AUG (positions 710 to 712) which initiates the open reading frame, the positive identification of which has not been possible previously, as the N terminus of the polyprotein is blocked and not amenable to sequence analysis. This is therefore important in understanding parechovirus genome organization. Mutation of the AUG or an upstream polypyrimidine tract leads to aberrant translation, suggesting they both form part of the parechovirus Yn-Xm-AUG motif. In vivo experiments confirmed the importance of domains I, J, and K, the conserved GNRA motif, polypyrimidine sequences, and AUG, as mutations here were lethal. These features are also important in the IRES elements of cardio/aphthoviruses, but other features reported to be part of the IRES of some members of these genera, notably domains H and L, do not appear to be critical in HPeV1. This adds weight to the idea that there may be functional differences between the IRES elements of different picornaviruses, even when they share significant structural similarity.
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Larsen, Marianne O., Michael Wilken, Carsten F. Gotfredsen, Richard D. Carr, Ove Svendsen, and Bidda Rolin. "Mild streptozotocin diabetes in the Göttingen minipig. A novel model of moderate insulin deficiency and diabetes." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 282, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): E1342—E1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00564.2001.
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Nonrodent models of diabetes are needed for practical and physiological reasons. Induction of mild insulin-deficient diabetes was investigated in male Göttingen minipigs by use of streptozotocin (STZ) alone (75, 100, and 125 mg/kg) or 125 mg/kg combined with pretreatment with nicotinamide (NIA; 0, 20, 67, 100, 150, and 230 mg/kg). Use of NIA resulted in a less steep slope of the regression line between fasting plasma glucose and changing doses compared with STZ [−7.0 ± 1.4 vs. 29.7 ± 7.0 mM · mg−1· kg−1, P < 0.0001]. Intermediate NIA doses induced moderate changes of glucose tolerance [glucose area under the curve increased from 940 ± 175 to 1,598 ± 462 mM · min, P < 0.001 (100 mg/kg) and from 890 ± 109 to 1,669 ± 691 mM · min, P = 0.003 (67 mg/kg)] with reduced insulin secretion [1,248 ± 602 pM · min after 16 days and 1,566 ± 190 pM · min after 60 days vs. 3,251 ± 804 pM · min in normal animals ( P < 0.001)] and β-cell mass [5.5 ± 1.4 mg/kg after 27 days and 7.9 ± 4.1 mg/kg after 60 days vs. 17.7 ± 4.7 mg/kg in normal animals ( P = 0.009)]. The combination of NIA and STZ provided a model characterized by fasting and especially postprandial hyperglycemia and reduced, but maintained, insulin secretion and β-cell mass. This model holds promise as an important tool for studying the pathophysiology of diabetes and development of new pharmacological agents for treatment of the disease.
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Salma Ali Al Tamimi, Salma Ali Al Tamimi, and Norah Sultan Abdulaziz Al Motlaq and Fatma Ahmed Aly Norah Sultan Abdulaziz Al Motlaq and Fatma Ahmed Aly. "Utility of Spectroscopic Studies for Quantification of Cefditoren Pivoxil in Commercial Samples." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 43, no. 4 (2021): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000587/jcsp/43.04.2021.
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The current study is devoted to suggest new simple spectrophotometric probes for the estimation and quantification of cefditoren pivoxil (CFP) either in authentic or in commercial samples. Three simple kinetic and derivatize sensitive spectrophotometric methods were established. Two kinetic techniques (method A) and (method B) were based on the estimation of CFP using the oxidation properties of alkaline potassium permanganate at ambient temperature and the relation between the reduction in the absorbance of KMnO4 and the added CFP were also investigated. The intensity of absorbance (A) of the colored MnO4- ions were recorded at wavelengths 610 and 525 NM for the two methods, respectively. Method C was based on derivatization of CFP with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate reagent in a basic solution (pH=11) to produce an orange red colored solution exhibited the highest absorption peak (λmax) at 411 nm. The proposed systems displayed linearity over the concentration ranges of 1.0-16.0, 1.0-10.0 and 0.5-7.0 and#181;g mL-1.The suggested systems were validated obeying analytical methodology guidelines and the acceptance criteria for accuracy, precision, linearity, selectivity, and robustness were met in all cases.
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Salma Ali Al Tamimi, Salma Ali Al Tamimi, and Norah Sultan Abdulaziz Al Motlaq and Fatma Ahmed Aly Norah Sultan Abdulaziz Al Motlaq and Fatma Ahmed Aly. "Utility of Spectroscopic Studies for Quantification of Cefditoren Pivoxil in Commercial Samples." Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 43, no. 4 (2021): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000587.
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The current study is devoted to suggest new simple spectrophotometric probes for the estimation and quantification of cefditoren pivoxil (CFP) either in authentic or in commercial samples. Three simple kinetic and derivatize sensitive spectrophotometric methods were established. Two kinetic techniques (method A) and (method B) were based on the estimation of CFP using the oxidation properties of alkaline potassium permanganate at ambient temperature and the relation between the reduction in the absorbance of KMnO4 and the added CFP were also investigated. The intensity of absorbance (A) of the colored MnO4- ions were recorded at wavelengths 610 and 525 NM for the two methods, respectively. Method C was based on derivatization of CFP with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate reagent in a basic solution (pH=11) to produce an orange red colored solution exhibited the highest absorption peak (λmax) at 411 nm. The proposed systems displayed linearity over the concentration ranges of 1.0-16.0, 1.0-10.0 and 0.5-7.0 and#181;g mL-1.The suggested systems were validated obeying analytical methodology guidelines and the acceptance criteria for accuracy, precision, linearity, selectivity, and robustness were met in all cases.
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Askarova, Oydin Karimkhon kizi, Khayrulla Mamadiyevich Bobakulov, Sobirjan Anarmatovich Sasmakov, Tulkin Khayrulla ugli Sadullaev, and Erkin Khozhiakbarovich Botirov. "COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PEROVSKIA ANGUSTIFOLIA ESSENTIAL OIL." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 2 (June 26, 2023): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230211583.
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The component composition of the essential oil (EO) obtained by hydrodistillation from the air-dry and fresh aboveground parts of the plant Perovskia angustifolia Kudr., growing on the territory of the Namangan region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. By GC-MS, 57 compounds were identified in the composition of the EO from the air-dried plant, while 46 substances were found in the composition of the EO from the fresh plant, which is 94.0 and 96.2% of the total amount of EOs, respectively.
The main EO components of both the air-dry and fresh aerial parts are 1,8-cineole, its content is 24.2 and 25.1%, respectively. EO from an air-dry plant contains camphor (8.6%), endoborneol (7.3%), bornyl acetate (6.2%), caryophyllene (4.4%), α-humulene (4.1%), δ-cadinene (3.8%) and other connections. The dominant components in the composition of EO from a fresh plant, in addition to 1,8-cineol, are camphor (13.8%), endoborneol (8.6%), bornyl acetate (7.0%), γ-terpinene (7.0%), m-cymene (5.2% ), Δ-3-karene (4.5%), δ-cadinene (2.9%). The aerial part of P. angustifolia can serve as a rich source of 1,8-cineole, which is used in bronchitis, colds of the respiratory tract, chronic and inflammatory respiratory diseases.
EO from the aerial part of the air-dry P. angustifolia exhibits a noticeable antimicrobial and antifungal effect against test strains of gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria, while gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus turned out to be the most sensitive to the effects of essential oil.
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Chandan, Saurabh, Babu P. Mohan, Shahab R. Khan, Lena L. Kassab, Suresh Ponnada, Andrew Ofosu, Ishfaq Bhat, Shailender Singh, and Douglas G. Adler. "Efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic duct drainage (EUS-PDD): A systematic review and meta-analysis of 714 patients." Endoscopy International Open 08, no. 11 (October 22, 2020): E1664—E1672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1236-3350.
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Abstract Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound guided pancreatic duct drainage (EUS-PDD) is a minimal-invasive therapeutic option to surgery and in patients with failed endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP). The aim of this review was to quantitatively appraise the clinical outcomes of EUS-PDD by meta-analysis methods. Methods We searched multiple databases from inception through March 2020 to identify studies that reported on EUS-PDD. Pooled rates of technical success, successful drainage of pancreatic duct, clinical success, and adverse events were calculated. Study heterogeneity was assessed using I2% and 95 % prediction interval. Results A total of 22 studies (714 patients) were included. The pooled rate of technical success in EUS-PDD was 84.8 % (95 % CI 79.1–89.2). The pooled rate of successful PD drained by EUS-PDD was 77.5 % (95 % CI 63.1–87.4). The pooled rate of clinical success of EUS-PDD was 89.2 % (95 % CI 82.1–93.7). The pooled rate of all adverse events was 18.1 % (95 % CI 14.2–22.9). On sub-group analysis, the pooled technical success and clinical success of EUS-PDD from Japanese data were considerably superior (91.2 %, 83–95.6 & 92.5 %, 83.9–96.7, respectively). The pooled rate of post EUS-PDD acute pancreatitis was 6.6 % (95 % CI 4.5–9.4), bleeding was 4.1 % (95 % CI 2.7–6.2), perforation and/or pneumoperitoneum was 3.1 % (95 % CI 1.9–5), pancreatic leak and/or pancreatic fluid collection was 2.3 % (95 % CI 1.4–4), and infection was 2.8 % (95 % CI 1.7–4.6). Conclusion EUS-PDD demonstrates high technical success and clinical success rates with acceptable adverse events. Technical success was especially high for anastomotic strictures.
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Guimarães, F., M. Silvério-António, J. Martinho, A. T. Melo, D. Santos Oliveira, J. M. Pestana Lopes, A. Saraiva, et al. "AB0655 Clinical and immunological features of a Portuguese cohort of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1454.2–1455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.617.
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BackgroundVarious nationwide studies have been already published to better understand Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) (1,2). However, Portuguese data is not available.ObjectivesTo characterize clinical and immunological features of a Portuguese cohort of patients with MCTD.MethodsRetrospective, multicenter study including adult-onset patients with clinical diagnosis of MCTD and fulfilling at least one of the following classification criteria: Sharp, Kasukawa, Alarcón-Segovia or the Kahn’s criteria. Positivity to other autoantibodies besides anti-U1-RNP were allowed. SPSS was used for statistical analysis and significance level was defined as 2-sided p<.05.ResultsA total of 98 patients were included, with a mean age at diagnosis and disease duration of 40.5±13.7 and 7.0±6.5 years, respectively. Most patients were female (87.8%) and Caucasian (70.4%). Raynaud’s phenomenon (96.9%), arthralgia/arthritis (94.9/74.5%) and puffy fingers (60.2%) were the most common and early manifestations. Gastroesophageal (GE), respiratory and muscular involvement were also prevalent, mostly during the follow up, affecting 30.6%, 34.7% and 43.9% of the patients, respectively. Clinical and immunological characteristics are described in Table 1. Males were older at symptom’s onset (65.0 VS 46.7, p=.035), having more respiratory involvement (OR=4.5, 95% CI 1.3-16.4), and positivity to anti-ACPA (OR=20.0, 95% CI: 3.1-129.4). GE involvement occurred more often in Caucasian patients (OR=3.8; 95% CI: 1.0-14.1), while anemia of chronic diseases (OR=2.7; 95% CI: 1.0-7.2), myositis (OR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.3-9.9) and constitutional symptoms (OR=3.2; 95% CI: 1.2-8.3) were more frequent in Afro-American patients, whose were also younger at disease (34.1 VS 50.6, p=.01). After a median follow-up time of 4 (IQR 8) years, 4 deaths occurred (4.1%), mostly (75%) due to infectious complications.Table 1.Clinical and immunological characteristicsClinical ManifestationsAt presentationFollow-upMucocutaneous systemRaynaud’s phenomenon, n (%)85 (86.7)95 (96.9)Puffy hands, n (%)48 (49.0)59 (60.2)SSc-like, n (%)43 (44.8)59 (60.8)SLE-like, n (%)28 (28.9)35 (35.7)Musculoskeletal systemArthralgia/Arthritis, n (%)/n (%)81 (82.7) / 56 (57.1)93 (94.9) / 73 (74.5)Myositis, n (%)26 (25.6)43 (43.9)Hematological system, n (%)46 (46.9)70 (71.4)Respiratory system, n (%)14 (14.3)34 (34.7)Cardiovascular system3 (3.1)4 (4.1)Pulmonary hypertension*2 (2.0)15 (15.3)Gastroesophageal involvement, n (%)11 (11.2)30 (30.6)Renal involvement, n (%)2 (2.0)10 (10.2)Neurological involvement, n (%)6 (6.3)14 (14.3)Constitutional symptoms, n (%)26 (26.5)30 (30.6)Immunological characteristicsAnti-dsDNA, n (%)21 (21.4)Anti-smith antibody, n (%)21 (21.4)Anti-Ro/SSA, n (%)31 (31.6)Anti-La/SSB, n (%)7 (7.1)Anti-centromere, n (%)3 (4.1)Rheumatoid Factor, n (%)39 (39.8)Anti- anti-citrullinated protein antibodies, n (%)6 (6.1)Antiphospholipid antibodies, n (%)7 (7.1)Myositis antibodies, n (%)9 (9.2)Complement activation, n (%)27 (27.6)Hypergammaglobulinemia, n (%)51 (52.0)Legend: Anti-dsDNA: anti-double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus, SSc: systemic sclerosis. *No information regarding cardiac catheterism, then compatible alterations in the echocardiogram.ConclusionRaynaud’s phenomenon, puffy fingers and arthritis were the most common manifestations in Portuguese patients, with similar proportions found in literature (1,2). However, we reported some differences in mucocutaneous, renal and serosa involvement and higher prevalence of probable pulmonary hypertension (1,2), which may be explained by the heterogeneity of the inclusion criteria. Except for respiratory, myositis, GE and constitutional symptoms, there were no differences regarding gender and ethnicity.Here, we characterize the largest cohort of MCTD in Portugal.References[1]Cappelli S, et al. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Feb;41(4):589–98.[2]Alves MR et al. Clin Exp Med. 2020 May;20(2):159–66.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Clark, Kevin, Joseph Cleveland, Elizabeth Holzhausen, Zachary Stieneker, Joseph Lim, William Patterson, Gabby Kraemer, et al. "0297 Pathways: A Pilot Study Examining the Impact of Nightshift Work on Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Free-Living Shift Workers." SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2023): A131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.0297.
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Abstract Introduction Traditional risk factors for obesity and type 2 diabetes, such as poor diet and low physical activity, cannot fully explain the increased incidence of these diseases. Insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment due to shift work may contribute, in part, to this epidemic through their growing prevalence and associated impaired glucose regulation and eating out of phase. Methods Female nightshift healthcare workers (n=5) worked ≥2 shifts (~7pm-7am) during the 7-day study. Actigraphy was measured and participants wore continuous glucose monitors and completed three 24-hour dietary recalls. Dim light melatonin onset was predicted (pDLMO) for each worker from an actigraphy derived algorithm validated for shift workers. The timepoints two hours after (pDLMO+2) and 10 hours after (pDLMO+10) predicted DLMO are presented as a range in which sleep typically occurs, on average, relative to DLMO. Results Mean participant age was 30.7 years and body mass index 22.8 kg/m2. Dietary recalls report the average total energy consumed on workdays to be 1,653 kcal ± 444 (mean ± SD) compared to 1,517 kcal ± 421 on free days (p=0.64). Average eating windows were 13.88 ± 2.69 hours on nightshifts compared to 9.88 ± 1.82 hours on workfree days (p=0.051, n=4 one individual did not report eating while on shift). Further, eating occasions between 10pm–7:30am were only reported on worknights. Average pDLMO was 23.26 ± 1.27 hours, corresponding to the middle of shift. The average interstitial glucose level between pDLMO+2 and pDLMO+10 on shift was 88.4 mg/dL ± 9.0 and the average during the same interval on workfree nights was 81.1 mg/dL ± 7.0 (p = 0.024). Additionally, an increase in 24-hour average glucose was observed on shift 90.9 ± 4.9 compared to free days 86.1 ± 6.2 (p=0.021). Conclusion Early results from this ongoing study show that an extended eating window, eating overnight, and/or working overnight contribute to increased glucose levels while night workers are on shift compared to their days off. Increased overnight glucose levels, especially at a time the body may be accustomed to sleeping, represent a time of impaired glucose tolerance and potentially reduced insulin sensitivity. Support (if any) Anschutz CCTSI Pilot Grant Award, CTSA Grant UL1 TR002535
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Moy, Ryan H., Sharon Wu, Joanne Xiu, Phillip Walker, Wolfgang Michael Korn, Emil Lou, Anthony Frank Shields, Sanjay Goel, Anwaar Saeed, and Adam Joel Bass. "Molecular landscape and clinical implication of CCNE1-amplified esophagogastric cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2023): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.440.
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440 Background: Cyclin E1 ( CCNE1) amplification ( CCNE1Amp) drives chromosomal instability (CIN) and is associated with immune cell exclusion, liver metastasis, therapeutic resistance, and poor survival in gastric adenocarcinoma (GA). However, the clinical relevance of CCNE1Amp in a larger real-world population is unknown. Therefore, we profiled the molecular landscape of CCNE1-amplified (amp) esophagogastric cancer (EGC) and explored treatment response outcomes. Methods: Tumors were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) of DNA (592 genes, NextSeq; WES, NovaSeq) and RNA (WTS, NovaSeq) (Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ). Deficiency in mismatch repair or microsatellite instability (dMMR/MSI-H) was tested by fragment analysis, IHC, and NGS. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was measured by totaling somatic mutations per tumor (high>10 mt/MB). PD-L1 was tested by IHC (22C3, 1+). Real world overall survival (OS) was extracted from insurance claims and calculated from first of treatment to last contact using Kaplan-Meier survival curves for molecularly defined cohorts. Statistical significance was determined using chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test with p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons (q<0.05). Results: CCNE1Amp (copy number, CN ≥6) was identified in 142/2276 (6.2%) esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA), 101/1449 (7.0%) esophagogastric junction carcinoma (EJC), 109/2607 (4.2%) GA, and 6/751 (0.8%) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) samples. Metastatic sites such as lymph node and liver showed higher frequency of CCNE1Amp compared to primary sites. TMB, dMMR/MSI-H, and PD-L1 expression were similar in CCNE1-amp vs non-amp tumors. CCNE1Amp was enriched in CIN type tumors (defined by increased TP53 and ERBB2 amp) and was associated with decreased mutation of CDKN2A and CDH1. In addition, CCNE1-amp tumors showed increased HER2 positivity/ ERBB2 amplification by IHC (14.3% vs 10.1%) or CN analysis (19.1% vs 10.3%). Differential gene expression analysis demonstrated increased liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) pathway activation in tumors harboring CCNE1Amp. While there were no differences in OS between CCNE1-amp vs non-amp GA, CCNE1Amp was associated with worse OS after trastuzumab in the IHC HER2+ cohort (N=9 vs 28; HR (95% CI): 2.95 (1.18 – 7.34), p = 0.015). By contrast, there was a trend toward improved OS after immunotherapy in CCNE1-amp GA (N=9 vs 194; HR (95% CI): 0.34 (0.11 –1.07), p = 0.054). Conclusions: CCNE1Amp is associated with a distinct molecular profile in EGC and resistance to HER2-targeted therapy. While CCNE1-amp tumors are thought to be generally “immune-cold,” CCNE1-amp GA demonstrated potentially improved outcomes with immunotherapy. Further investigation of CCNE1Amp as a predictive biomarker is warranted, particularly as novel therapeutics selectively targeting CCNE1Amp are under clinical investigation.
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Botero, L., M. Montiel, P. Estrada, M. Villalobos, and L. Herrera. "Microorganism removal in wastewater stabilisation ponds in maracaibo, Venezuela." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 11-12 (June 1, 1997): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0735.
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Waste stabilisation ponds are an efficient means of wastewater treatment in many parts of the world wherever suitable land is available at reasonable cost and solar energy is an abundant energy resource. This study evaluated the removal of total coliforms TC, faecal coliforms FC and coliphages C in waste stabilisation ponds functioning as a pilot system in the tropical climate of Maracaibo, Venezuela. Sampling points included raw sewage and each pond effluent. Turbidity, pH and temperature were recorded. The results for raw sewage show average levels of 4.1×106 TC, 2.8×106 FC and 7.0×105 C/100mL. Temperature, pH and turbidity ranges between 26–31°C, 6.2–9.5 and 15–98 NTU respectively. Removal of microorganisms in the three systems ranged between 93–98%. Despite the high removal efficiency of microorganisms, the final effluents showed average counts of 5.4×104−1.4×105 TC, 5.2×104−1.3×105 FC and 1.6×104−4.7×104 C/100mL. This study shows that the microbiological quality of the final effluents did not achieve the WHO water quality requirement for FC (103/100mL); therefore, they cannot be used for irrigation. Additional treatments, such as slow sand filtration, are needed in order to improve the quality of the water.
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Palkovits, Stefan, Reinhard Told, Agnes Boltz, Doreen Schmidl, Alina Popa Cherecheanu, Leopold Schmetterer, and Gerhard Garhöfer. "Effect of Increased Oxygen Tension on Flicker-Induced Vasodilatation in the Human Retina." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 34, no. 12 (September 24, 2014): 1914–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2014.161.
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In the retina, blood flow and neural activity are tightly coupled. Stimulation of the retina with flickering light is accompanied by an increase in blood flow. The current study seeks to investigate whether an increase in oxygen tension modulates flicker (FL)-induced vasodilatation in the human retina. A total of 52 healthy volunteers were included. Via a breathing mask, 100% oxygen (O2) was administered in one, a mixture of 8% carbon dioxide and 92% oxygen (C/O) in a second cohort. Retinal vessel diameters were measured with a Vessel Analyzer and FL responses were assessed before and during the breathing periods. At baseline, FL stimulation increased retinal vessel diameters by +3.7 ± 2.3% in arteries and by +5.1 ± 3.7% in veins. Breathing of C/O led to a decrease in arterial (−9.0 ±,6.9%) and venous (−11.3 ± 5.9%) vessel calibers. Flicker response was increased to 5.7 ± 2.5% in arteries and to 8.6 ± 4.1% in veins. Breathing of pure O2 induced a vasoconstriction of vessel diameters by −14.0 ± 5.3% in arteries and −18.4 ± 7.0% in veins and increased FL responses in arteries (+6.2 ± 2.8%) and veins (+7.2 ± 3.1%). Systemic hyperoxia increases FL-induced retinal vasodilatation in the retina. The mechanism by which oxygen modulates the hyperemic response to FL stimulation remains to be elucidated.
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Batty, Kevin T., Sam Salman, Brioni R. Moore, John Benjamin, Sook Ting Lee, Madhu Page-Sharp, Nolene Pitus, et al. "Artemisinin-Naphthoquine Combination Therapy for Uncomplicated Pediatric Malaria: a Pharmacokinetic Study." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 5 (February 13, 2012): 2472–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.06250-11.
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ABSTRACTArtemisinin-naphthoquine (ART-NQ) is a coformulated antimalarial therapy marketed as a single-dose treatment in Papua New Guinea and other tropical countries. To build on limited knowledge of the pharmacokinetic properties of the components, especially the tetra-aminoquinoline NQ, we studied ART-NQ disposition in Papua New Guinea children aged 5 to 12 years with uncomplicated malaria, comparing a single dose (15 and 6 mg/kg of body weight) administered with water (group 1;n= 13), a single dose (22 and 9 mg/kg) with milk (group 2) (n= 17), and two daily doses of 22 and 9 mg/kg with water (group 3;n= 16). The plasma NQ concentration was assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the plasma ART concentration was assayed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Population-based multicompartment pharmacokinetic models for NQ and ART were developed. NQ disposition was best characterized by a three-compartment model with a mean absorption half-life (t1/2) of 1.0 h and predicted median maximum plasma concentrations that ranged as high as 57 μg/liter after the second dose in group 3. The mean NQ eliminationt1/2was 22.8 days; clearance relative to bioavailability (CL/F) was 1.1 liters/h/kg; and volume at steady state relative to bioavailability (Vss/F) was 710 liters/kg. Administration of NQ with fat (8.5 g; 615 kJ) versus water was associated with 25% increased bioavailability. ART disposition was best characterized by a two-compartment model with a mean CL/F(4.1 liters/h/kg) andV/F(21 liters/kg) similar to those of previous studies. There was a 77% reduction in the bioavailability of the second ART dose (group 3). NQ has pharmacokinetic properties that confirm its potential as an artemisinin partner drug for treatment of uncomplicated pediatric malaria.
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Dunlop, Hayley, Evelyn Fitzpatrick, Kevin Kurti, Stephanie Deeb, Erin F. Gillespie, Laura Dover, Divya Yerramilli, Scarlett Lin Gomez, Fumiko Chino, and C. Jillian Tsai. "Participation of Patients From Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups in Phase 1 Early Cancer Drug Development Trials in the US, 2000-2018." JAMA Network Open 5, no. 11 (November 3, 2022): e2239884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.39884.
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ImportanceDespite federal initiatives encouraging the enrollment of individuals from racial and ethnic minority groups in US clinical trials, no studies to date have specifically examined demographic disparities among participants in phase 1 drug development trials for patients with metastatic cancer.ObjectiveTo assess trends in the enrollment of patients from racial and ethnic minority groups in US phase 1 therapeutic drug trials for metastatic cancer from 2000 to 2018.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cross-sectional study, ClinicalTrials.gov was queried in July 2021 to identify completed phase 1 drug trials for metastatic cancer in the US from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2018, with published results, yielding 221 phase 1 trials with 8309 participants aged 18 years or older with metastatic solid tumors. Proportions of each racial and ethnic group of trial participants were compared with that from the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries’ Cancer in North America (CiNA) database. Statistical analysis was performed from July 12, 2021, to March 15, 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFor each racial and ethnic group, the difference between trial and CiNA proportions was examined using a 2-sample test for equality of proportions with continuity correction.ResultsThe 8309 phase 1 trial participants (4198 men [50.5%]; median age, 59 years) included 23 American Indian or Alaska Native participants (0.3%), 371 Asian or Pacific Islander participants (4.5%), 514 Black participants (6.2%), 401 of 5076 Hispanic or Latinx participants (7.9%), and 7154 White participants (86.1%). Industry funded 165 of the 221 trials (74.7%). White patients were overrepresented overall compared with the corresponding CiNA cohort (7154 of 8309 [86.1%] vs 4 113 096 of 4 891 486 [84.1%]; difference, 2.0 percentage points; P &lt; .001). There was an increase in overrepresentation of White patients from 2000 to 2011 (trials, 2780 of 3245 [85.7%]; CiNA, 2 378 019 of 2 800 711 [84.9%]; difference, 0.8 percentage points; P = .23) to 2012-2018 (trials, 4374 of 5063 [86.4%]; CiNA, 1 735 077 of 2 090 775 [82.9%]; difference, 3.5 percentage points; P &lt; .001) and corresponding worsening representation of American Indian or Alaska Native patients (2000-2011: trials, 10 of 3245 [0.3%]; CiNA, 10 905 of 2 800 711 [0.4%]; difference, −0.08 percentage points; 2012-2018: trials, 13 of 5063 [0.3%]; CiNA, 9484 of 2 090 775 [0.5%]; difference, −0.20 percentage points), Asian or Pacific Islander patients (2000-2011: trials, 121 of 3245 [3.7%]; CiNA, 75 033 of 2 800 711 [2.7%]; difference, 1.1 percentage points; 2012-2018: trials, 151 of 5063 [3.0%]; CiNA 70 535 of 2 090 775 [3.4%]; difference, −0.75 percentage points), Black patients (2000-2011: trials, 244 of 3245 [7.5%]; CiNA, 322 701 of 2 800 711 [11.5%]; difference, −4.0 percentage points; 2012-2018: trials, 270 of 5063 [5.3%]; CiNA, 255 625 of 2 090 775 [12.2%]; difference, −6.9 percentage points), and Hispanic or Latinx patients (2000-2011: trials, 161 of 1792 [9.0%]; CiNA, 169 297 of 2 800 711 [6.0%]; difference, 3.0 percentage points; 2012-2018: trials, 240 of 3295 [7.3%]; CiNA, 156 118 of 2 090 775 [7.5%]; difference, −0.2 percentage points). Similar disparities were observed when comparing industry-funded and academic center–sponsored trials.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of participants in phase 1 clinical trials of drugs for metastatic cancer, worsening disparities were observed over time in the accrual of patients from racial and ethnic minority groups. These findings may represent widening inequalities in access to trial sites and worsening systemic biases. More efforts are needed to diversify phase 1 cancer drug trials to improve equity in access to new treatments and to ensure that safety and efficacy findings from early drug trials are generalizable across populations.
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Kirova, Milena, Lex Heerma van Voss, Chiara Bonfiglioli, Noemi Stoichkova, Niya Neykova, Marija Bosančić, Zorana Simić, et al. "Book Reviews." Aspasia 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 192–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/asp.2023.170111.
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Nikolay Aretov, Zhelani i plasheshti: Chuzhdite zheni i muzhe v bulgarskata literature na gulgia devetnadeseti vek (Desired and frightening: Foreign women and men in Bulgarian literature of the long nineteenth century), Sofia: Queen Mab, 2023, 280pp., BGN 20 (paperback), ISBN: 978-954-533-208-1. Eloisa Betti, Leda Papastefanaki, Marica Tolomelli, and Susan Zimmermann, eds., Women, Work and Activism: Chapters of an Inclusive History of Labor in the Long Twentieth Century, Work and Labor: Transdisciplinary Studies for the 21st Century, vol. III, Budapest: CEU Press, 2022, xiv +354 pp., $95.00/€80.00/£68.00 (hardback), ISBN: 978-963-386-441-8. Francisca de Haan, ed., The Palgrave Handbook of Communist Women Activists around the World, London: Palgrave, 2023, 701 pp., €213.99 (hardback), ISBN: 978-3-031-13126-4. Milena Kirova, Bulgarskata literature prez XXI vek (2000–2020) (Bulgarian literature in the twenty-first century (2000–2020)), Part I, Sofia: Colibri, 2023, 287 pp., BGN 24 (paperback), ISBN: 978-619-02-1200-3. Ina Merdjanova, ed., Women and Religiosity in Orthodox Christianity, New York: Fordham University Press, 2021, 336 pp., $35 (paperback), ISBN: 9780823298617. Katja Mihurko Poniž, Biljana Dojčinović, and Maša Grdešić, Defiant Trajectories: Mapping Out Slavic Women Writers Routes, Ljubljana: Forum of Slavic Cultures, 2021, 96 pp., free online publication, https://www.fsk.si/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/WWR_DefiantTrajectories.pdf (accessed 3 July 2023), ISBN: 978-961-94672-7-5. Jasmina V. Milanović, Žensko društvo 1875–1942 (The women's society, 1875–1945), Belgrade: Institute for Contemporary History, The Official Gazette, 2020, 638 pp., RSD 2.970, ISBN: 978-86-519-2579-8. Valentina Mitkova, Pol, periodichen pechat i modernizatsia v Bulgaria (ot kraya na XIX do 40-te godini na XX vek) (Gender, periodicals, and modernization in Bulgaria (from the end of the 19th century to the 1940s)), Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press, 2022, 261 pp., BGN 20, ISBN: 978-954-07-5588-5. Agnieszka Mrozik, Architektki PRL-u: Komunistki, literatura i emancypacja kobiet w powojennej Polsce (The architects of the PRL: Communist women, literature, and women's emancipation in postwar Poland), Warsaw: Wydawnictwo IBL PAN, Lupa Obscura, 2022, 532 pp., PLN 59 (paperback), ISBN: 978-83-66898-84-4. Miglena S. Todorova, Unequal under Socialism: Race, Women, and Transnationalism in Bulgaria, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2021, 218 pp., $31.95 (paperback), ISBN: 978-1-4875-2841-6. Zhivka Valiavicharska, Restless History: Political Imaginaries and their Discontents in Post-Stalinist Bulgaria, Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2021, 275 pp., $36.46 (paperback), ISBN: 978-0-2280-0583-4. Susan Zimmermann, Frauenpolitik und Männergewerkschaft: Internationale Geschlechterpolitik, IGB-Gewerkschafterinnen und die Arbeiter- und Frauenbewegungen der Zwischenkriegszeit (Policies for women and men's trade unions: International gender politics, female IFTU unionists, and the labor and women's movements of the interwar period), Vienna: Löcker, 2021, 717 pp., €39.80 (paperback), ISBN: 978-3-99098-026-2.
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Singh, J. "POS0510 EPIDEMIOLOGY OF COCAINE AND HALLUCINOGEN USE DISORDER HOSPITALIZATIONS IN RHEUMATIC DISEASES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 488.1–488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.613.
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Background:Cocaine use disorder is a frequent cause of drug use disorders in the U.S. Although hallucinogen use disorder is less common, both are potentially preventable public health issues. To our knowledge, epidemiological studies estimating burden of cocaine or hallucinogen use disorders in common Musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are lacking.Objectives:To assess national time-trends in cocaine use and hallucinogen use disorders in people with MSDsMethods:This study used the U.S. National Inpatient Sample (NIS), a de-identified national all-payer inpatient health care database (https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/nisoverview.jsp) from 1998-2014. The NIS is a 20% stratified sample of hospital discharges in the U.S. It is commonly used to derive national estimates of hospitalization and outcomes. Cocaine or hallucinogen use disorder hospitalization was defined in a validated approach as the presence of the following International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnostic codes: cocaine use disorder, 304.2x, or 305.6x; and hallucinogen use disorder, 304.5x or 305.3x; hospitalizations for drug use in remission, drug counseling, rehabilitation or detoxification were excluded, as in previous studies. MSDs were identified based on the respective ICD-9 codes, a validated approach (5-9), in non-primary position: Gout: 274.xx; rheumatoid arthritis (RA): 714.xx; Fibromyalgia: 729.1; osteoarthritis (OA): 715.xx; or low back pain (LBP): 724.Results:In 1998-2000, the highest frequency of cocaine use hospitalizations was in people with LBP: LBP (n=5,914), followed by OA (n=4,931), gout (n=2,093), RA (n=2,026), and fibromyalgia (n=1,620). In 2013-2014, the order changed slightly with OA (n=22,185), followed by LBP (n=16,810), gout (n=10,570), RA (n=8,975), and fibromyalgia (n=5,680). Respective rates per 1 million U.S. NIS hospitalizations in 2013-2014 and the relative increase from 1998-2000 to 2013-2014 were: Gout, 10.2 (increase, 4.1-fold); OA, 21.4 (3.5-fold); fibromyalgia, 5.48 (2.5-fold); RA, 8.66 (3.4-fold); and LBP, 16.22 (1.8-fold; figure 1).Figure 1.Time-trends in the rates of hospitalization with cocaine use and hallucinogen use disorder (A), non-home discharge (B), and in-hospital mortality (C) per 100,000 NIS hospitalization claims. The x-axis shows rate per 100,000 NIS hospitalization claims and the y-axis the study periodsIn 1998-2000, hallucinogen use disorder hospitalizations were as follows: LBP (n=176), followed by OA (n=63), RA (n=42), fibromyalgia (n=41) and gout (n<10; cells with frequency of 10 of fewer are reported as <10 per NIS guidance). In 2013-2014, the frequency order was the similar, with the highest numbers for LBP (n=525) followed by OA (n=400), RA (n=395), gout (n=135) and fibromyalgia (n=125). Respective rates per 1 million US NIS hospitalizations in 2013-2014 and the relative increase from 1998-2000 to 2013-2014 were: Gout, 0.13 (increase, 25-fold); OA, 0.39 (5.5-fold); fibromyalgia, 0.12 (2-fold); RA, 0.38 (8.5-fold); and LBP, 0.51 (2-fold; figure 1).Conclusion:This study confirmed an increasing rate of both, cocaine use and hallucinogen use disorder hospitalizations in people with 5 MSDs over a 17-year period from 1998-2014 in the U.S.Acknowledgements:John D. Cleveland, MS of the University of Alabama at Birmingham for performing data analyses according to the protocol.Disclosure of Interests:Jasvinder Singh Speakers bureau: JAS is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking. JAS is a member of the executive of Outcomes Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT), an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies., Consultant of: consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Two labs Inc., Adept Field Solutions, Clinical Care options, Clearview healthcare partners, Putnam associates, Focus forward, Navigant consulting, Spherix, MedIQ, Practice Point communications, the National Institutes of Health and the American College of Rheumatology.
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Singh, J. "POS0014 TIME-TRENDS IN COCAINE AND HALLUCINOGEN USE DISORDER HOSPITALIZATIONS IN RHEUMATIC DISEASES: A NATIONAL TIME-TRENDS STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 208.3–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.610.
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Background:Cocaine use disorder is a frequent cause of drug use disorders in the U.S. Although hallucinogen use disorder is less common, both are potentially preventable public health issues. To our knowledge, epidemiological studies estimating burden of cocaine or hallucinogen use disorders in common Musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are lacking.Objectives:To assess national time-trends in cocaine use and hallucinogen use disorders in people with MSDsMethods:This study used the U.S. National Inpatient Sample (NIS), a de-identified national all-payer inpatient health care database (https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/nisoverview.jsp) from 1998-2014. The NIS is a 20% stratified sample of hospital discharges in the U.S. It is commonly used to derive national estimates of hospitalization and outcomes. Cocaine or hallucinogen use disorder hospitalization was defined in a validated approach as the presence of the following International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnostic codes: cocaine use disorder, 304.2x, or 305.6x; and hallucinogen use disorder, 304.5x or 305.3x; hospitalizations for drug use in remission, drug counseling, rehabilitation or detoxification were excluded, as in previous studies. MSDs were identified based on the respective ICD-9 codes, a validated approach (5-9), in non-primary position: Gout: 274.xx; rheumatoid arthritis (RA): 714.xx; Fibromyalgia: 729.1; osteoarthritis (OA): 715.xx; or low back pain (LBP): 724.Results:In 1998-2000, the highest frequency of cocaine use hospitalizations was in people with LBP: LBP (n=5,914), followed by OA (n=4,931), gout (n=2,093), RA (n=2,026), and fibromyalgia (n=1,620). In 2013-2014, the order changed slightly with OA (n=22,185), followed by LBP (n=16,810), gout (n=10,570), RA (n=8,975), and fibromyalgia (n=5,680). Respective rates per 1 million U.S. NIS hospitalizations in 2013-2014 and the relative increase from 1998-2000 to 2013-2014 were: Gout, 10.2 (increase, 4.1-fold); OA, 21.4 (3.5-fold); fibromyalgia, 5.48 (2.5-fold); RA, 8.66 (3.4-fold); and LBP, 16.22 (1.8-fold; Figure 1).In 1998-2000, hallucinogen use disorder hospitalizations were as follows: LBP (n=176), followed by OA (n=63), RA (n=42), fibromyalgia (n=41) and gout (n<10; cells with frequency of 10 of fewer are reported as <10 per NIS guidance). In 2013-2014, the frequency order was the similar, with the highest numbers for LBP (n=525) followed by OA (n=400), RA (n=395), gout (n=135) and fibromyalgia (n=125). Respective rates per 1 million US NIS hospitalizations in 2013-2014 and the relative increase from 1998-2000 to 2013-2014 were: Gout, 0.13 (increase, 25-fold); OA, 0.39 (5.5-fold); fibromyalgia, 0.12 (2-fold); RA, 0.38 (8.5-fold); and LBP, 0.51 (2-fold; Figure 1).Conclusion:This study confirmed an increasing rate of both, cocaine use and hallucinogen use disorder hospitalizations in people with 5 MSDs over a 17-year period from 1998-2014 in the U.S.Figure 1.Time-trends in the rates of hospitalization with cocaine use and hallucinogen use disorder (A), non-home discharge (B), and in-hospital mortality (C) per 100,000 NIS hospitalization claims. The x-axis shows rate per 100,000 NIS hospitalization claims and the y-axis the study periodsAcknowledgements:I thank John D. Cleveland, MS of the University of Alabama at Birmingham for performing data analyses according to the protocol.Disclosure of Interests:Jasvinder Singh Shareholder of: JAS owns stock options in TPT Global Tech, Vaxart pharmaceuticals and Charlotte’s Web Holdings, Inc. JAS previously owned stock options in Amarin, Viking and Moderna pharmaceuticals., Consultant of: JAS has received consultant fees from Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Adept Field Solutions, Clinical Care options, Clearview healthcare partners, Putnam associates, Focus forward, Navigant consulting, Spherix, Practice Point communications, the National Institutes of Health and the American College of Rheumatology. JAS is on the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking. JAS is a member of the executive of Outcomes Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT), an organization that develops outcome measures in rheumatology and receives arms-length funding from 12 companies.
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Nieto, R., R. Quintana, E. Zavala, R. M. Serrano Morales, K. Roberts, G. B. Harvey, E. Acevedo-Vásquez, et al. "AB0618 DELAY TO DIAGNOSIS OF SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND ITS IMPACT ON CUMULATIVE DAMAGE AND MORTALITY: DATA FROM A MULTIETHNIC LATIN AMERICAN COHORT." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (May 30, 2023): 1510–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.4395.
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BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) SLE often mimics the symptoms of other diseases, and the interval between symptom onset and diagnosis remains long in these patients.ObjectivesTo examine the variables associated with a delay to diagnosis and their impact in damage accrual and mortality in patients with SLE.MethodsGLADEL a multi-ethnic, multi-national Latin-American SLE inception cohort was studied. Patients were recruited based on the physicians’ diagnosis but 97% fulfilled the ACR criteria. Delay to diagnosis was defined as ≥6 months from the first ACR criterion to SLE diagnosis. Socio-demographic, clinical/laboratory, disease activity, damage and mortality were compared using descriptive statistical tests. Multivariable Cox regression (HR) model with damage accrual and mortality as the end points were performed.ResultsOf the 1437 included in this analysis, the median delay to diagnosis was 5.9 months (Q1-Q3 2.4–16.1) and 721 (50.2%) had ≥6 months delay in SLE diagnosis. Patients with delay in diagnosis were more frequently of female gender, older age at diagnosis, mestizo ethnicity and without medical insurance. The characteristics of patients according to delay in diagnosis are depicted in Table 1. Delay to diagnosis did not impact on disease outcome: damage accrual [HR 1.21 (IC 95% 0.78-1.88; p=0.39)] and mortality [HR 1.30, CI 95% 0.84-2.01; p= 0.24)], after adjusting for age at SLE diagnosis, gender, ethnicity and socioeconomic status.ConclusionIn the GLADEL cohort, delay to diagnosis was associated to sex, age, thrombosis, sicca syndrome, cutaneous and neurological involvement. Furthermore, delay to diagnosis had no apparent negative impact on disease outcome (damage accrual and mortality). Early referral when there are suspicious clinical manifestations of SLE is crucial to reduce the diagnostic delay.Table 1.Comparison between the two patient groups in relation at the time to SLE diagnosis.VariableTime to SLE Diagnosis< 6 months (n=716)≥ 6 months (n=721)p valueAge at diagnosis, years(median, IQR)25.6 (16.2)30.4 (15.6)<0.001Follow-up time, months(median, IQR)54(44.1)53(48.6)0.302Female, n %628 (87.7)662 (91.8)0.010Ethnicity, n %MestizoAfrican Latin AmericansCaucasian306 (42.7)116 (16.2)294 (41.1)339 (47.0)70 (9.71)312 (43.3)0.001Education level, years, n%0-7 years8-12 years>12 years216 (30.2)329 (45.9)171 (23.9)237 (32.9)320 (44.4)164 (22.7)0.541Have medical insurance*(13), n%606 (84.6)573 (79.5)0.020Socioeconomic status, n%LowMiddleHigh436 (61.2)204 (28.7)72 (10.1)437 (60.6)208 (28.8)76 (10.6)0.955Clinical manifestations§, n%Malar rashDiscoid lupusPhotosensitivityOral ulcersArthritis/ ArthralgiaPleuritisPericarditisPsychosis/ seizuresHematological disorderProteinuria/ cylindruriaFeverLymphadenopathyLivedo reticularisRaynaud’s phenomenonSicca syndromeCardiac tamponadeVascular thrombosisStroke (ischemic)Pulmonary involvementPeritoneal serositis376 (52.5)70 (9.8)327 (45.7)239 (33.4)611 (85.3)124 (17.3)92 (12.9)39 (5.5)372 (52.0)254 (35.5)403 (56.3)97 (13.6)32 (4.5)125 (17.5)21 (2.9)6 (0.8)14 (2.0)4 (0.6)24 (3.4)9 (1.3)186 (25.8)72 (10.0)379 (52.6)226 (31.4)634 (87.9)104 (14.4)61 (8.5)60 (8.3)403 (55.9)202 (28.0)303 (42.0)67 (9.3)52 (7.2)190 (26.4)52 (7.2)0 (0.0)28 (3.9)12 (1.7)14 (1.9)1 (0.1)0.9000.8940.0090.4090.1480.1330.0070.0310.1340.002<0.0010.0110.027<0.0010.0020.0140.0300.0460.0960.011Hypocomplementemia§, n%487 (68.0)385 (53.4)<0.001Antiphospholipid antibodies§, n%363 (50.7)375 (52)0.795SLEDAI† at diagnosis, median (RIQ)*(257)12.0 (10.0)9.0 (9.0)<0.001SDI at the last visit‡ ≥ 1494 (69.0)484 (67.1)0.448Death during follow-up, n%39 (5.5)45 (6.2)0.521SD (standard deviation); IQR (Interquartile range); § Before SLE diagnosis; † Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index; ‡ SDI (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics) Damage Index;*(Missing data)REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Carrier, N., S. Roux, A. Masetto, A. J. Debrum Fernandes, P. Liang, M. Maoui, and G. Boire. "FRI0031 OBSERVATIONS ON BIOMARKERS IN VERY EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS CONSECUTIVELY RECRUITED OVER 20 YEARS, FROM BASELINE PRESENTATION TO FIVE-YEAR OUTCOMES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 588.2–589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.717.
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Background:Since July 1998, the Early Undifferentiated PolyArthritis (EUPA) cohort recruited consecutive adults with recent-onset immune-mediated polyarthritis1,2. Patients were treated aiming at 0 swollen joint.Objectives:To analyze the impact of biomarkers over 20 years on baseline variables, treatments, comorbidities and outcomes over the first 5 years of follow up.Methods:Variables and Outcomes were collected over 5 years in consecutive patients fulfilling RA criteria, grouped according to date of inclusion (Period 1: 1998-2004; Period 2: 2005-2010; Period 3: 2011-2018). Comparisons of baseline characteristics, treatment, and outcomes over 5 years between the 3 Periods were previously presented (ACR 2018 and 2019). Erosive damage was scored according to Sharp/van der Heijde; erosive status was defined as ≥5 Erosion units. We now present observed associations between the presence of baseline prognostic biomarkers (anti-CCP2 (ACPA), RF, anti-Sa, and erosive status) with concomitant and subsequent disease activity levels, radiographic scores, comorbidities and impact of treatment. False discovery rate correction was used to adjust p-values for multiple comparisons.Results:753 patients were included: 247, 263 and 243 in Periods 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Variables at baseline. No biomarkers, including erosive status, were associated with demographics or disease activity. Erosive disease was more prevalent in ACPA+ (19.9% vs 13.9%, p=0.0417). Current smoking decreased by period (20.6, 17.2, 8.6%; p=0.02) in ACPA negatives only, remaining stable among ACPA+ (25.3, 20.9, 18.8%, NS). All comorbidities were significantly more present in ACPA negatives vs positives (RR between 1.55 and 1.99). Prevalence of cardiovascular (CV; 44.8, 55.0, 60.0%; p=0.036) and cancer (4.1, 7.1, 13.1%; p=0.02) comorbidities increased over time in ACPA negatives and remained stable in ACPA+ (CV: 33.0, 30.8, 40.7, NS; cancer: 3.0, 4.4, 6.2, NS). RF positivity decreased by period (47.8, 36.9, 36.7%, p=0.03), but ACPA+ remained stable (40.8, 35, 35.4% NS).Outcomes over 5 years of follow up.There was no link between the presence of any biomarker and subsequent disease activity scores. Positive ACPA, RF and anti-Sa at baseline predicted development of more erosive status (RR = 1.50; 1.37 and 1.52, all p<0.001). 68% reached DAS28 remission overall (70.3% in ACPA negatives, 65.2% in ACPA+). Independent of ACPA status, remission rates increased between Periods 1 vs 2 (RR = 1.14, p=0.04) and 1 vs 3 (RR=1.13, p=0.055), but not between 2 vs 3. CV comorbidities among ACPA+ increased significantly more over time vs ACPA negatives (+8.9% vs +4.1%; RR = 1.18, p=0.03). Erosion scores increased significantly more in ACPA+ treated with DMARDs only vs receiving a biologic (ΔSharp: 3.98 vs 3.11, p= 0.026; ΔErosions: 2.58 vs 1.83, p= 0.02). By period, erosive status decreased significantly (Periods 2 vs 1: RR= 0.65, p=0.002; 3 vs 1: RR=0.42, p=0.002; 3 vs 2: RR=0.64, p=0.007), both in ACPA+ and negatives.Conclusion:In this cohort of recent onset RA recruited over 20 years, we observed a constant drift towards RF-negative arthritis at baseline with decreasing smoking rates and increasing comorbidities in seronegative patients. Positive antibodies were associated more cardiovascular comorbidities accrual. Autoantibody positive (especially ACPA+) patients developed more erosive disease and had better erosion outcomes with biologic treatments. Irrespective of the presence or absence of biomarkers, marked improvements in control of disease activity and in remission rates occured over each period.References:[1]Boire G, et al.Arthritis Res Ther2005;7:R592-R603;[2]Carrier N, et al. Arthritis Res Ther2016;18:37Disclosure of Interests:Nathalie Carrier: None declared, Sophie Roux: None declared, Ariel Masetto: None declared, Artur J. deBrum Fernandes: None declared, Patrick Liang: None declared, Meryem Maoui Employee of: Bristol Myers Squibb Canada, Gilles Boire Grant/research support from: Merck Canada (Registry of biologices, Improvement of comorbidity surveillance)Amgen Canada (CATCH, clinical nurse)Abbvie (CATCH, clinical nurse)Pfizer (CATCH, Registry of biologics, Clinical nurse)Hoffman-LaRoche (CATCH)UCB Canada (CATCH, Clinical nurse)BMS (CATCH, Clinical nurse, Observational Study Protocol IM101664. SEROPOSITIVITY IN A LARGE CANADIAN OBSERVATIONAL COHORT)Janssen (CATCH)Celgene (Clinical nurse)Eli Lilly (Registry of biologics, Clinical nurse), Consultant of: Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Speakers bureau: Merck, BMS, Pfizer
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Craven, Donald E., Deborah A. Lichtenberg, Laureen M. Kunches, Ann T. McDonough, Maria I. Gonzalez, Timothy C. Heeren, and William R. McCabe. "A Randomized Study Comparing a Transparent Polyurethane Dressing to a Dry Gauze Dressing for Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Sites." Infection Control 6, no. 9 (September 1985): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700063323.
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AbstractWe studied rates of peripheral intravenous (IV) catheter tip and insertion site colonization after randomly assigning patients to transparent polyurethane (TP) dressings (N=316) or dry gauze (DG) dressings (N=421). The study was conducted during both summer and fall seasons, in a facility which lacked air conditioning. All patients had a teflon plastic catheter inserted, maintained and cultured by a member of the IV therapy team; no antibiotic or antiseptic ointments were used. Colonization rates were higher in the summer than in the fall for both catheter tips (9.0% vs 3.5%, p=0.005) and sites (21.6% vs 7.0%, p=0.001). During the summer season, the rate of catheter tip colonization with TP dressings was nearly twice that of DG dressings (12.4% vs 6.8%, p=0.04). Logistic regression analysis indicated that catheter tip colonization was associated with the summer season (odds ratio=3.0, 95% CI 1.4-6.2) and TP dressings (odds ratio=1.8, 95% CI 1.1-3.2), and that site colonization was associated with both summer (odds ratio=4.0, 95% CI 2.2-7.1) and receipt of antibiotics (odds ratio=1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.2). Coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated from 55.5% of the colonized catheter tips and insertion sites. The data suggest that bacterial colonization of peripheral IV catheters is increased in summer, and that use of TP dressings may increase both tip colonization and cost nearly twofold.
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Tsai, Su-Ying. "Perinatal Depressive Symptoms among Pregnant Employees in Taiwan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4 (February 14, 2023): 3354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043354.
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This was a longitudinal study of perinatal depressive symptoms among females employed in a large electronics manufacturer in Taiwan, conducted from August 2015 through October 2016. We used questionnaires to collect data on perceived job strain, social support, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores at three perinatal time-points (pregnancy, delivery, and return to the workplace). Of the 153 employees who agreed to participate, 82 completed the three stages. The prevalence of perinatal depressive symptoms for the three stages was 13.7%, 16.8%, and 15.9%, respectively. The incidence at 3 weeks after childbirth and 1 month after returning to the workplace was 11.0% and 6.8%, respectively. During the third trimester of pregnancy, sleep problems (odds ratio [OR] = 6.2, 95% confidence Interval [95% CI] = 2.1–19.3), perceived job strain (OR = 4.4, 95% CI = 1.5–14.3), and lack of support from family or friends (OR = 7.0, 95% CI = 1.3–40.8) were significant risk factors. Sleep problems (OR = 6.0, 95% CI = 1.7–23.5) and lack of support from family or friends (OR = 27.6, 95% CI = 4.1–322.3) were associated with an increased risk of perinatal depressive symptoms at 3 weeks after childbirth. After returning to the workplace, perceived job strain (OR = 18.2, 95% CI = 2.2–435.7) was a significant risk factor. These findings could provide insight about early symptom detection, and more studies to clarify the association would be worthwhile.
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Nio, M., K. Tajima, N. Sugaya, T. Ishiwata, T. Iwase, H. Kato, and M. Hashizume. "AB0435 RISK OF SERIOUS INFECTION IN LUPUS NEPHRITIS AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS MEASURED USING THE JAPANESE REAL WORLD HOSPITAL CLAIMS DATABASE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1516.1–1517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1199.
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Background:Patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at risk of serious infections (SIs) due to the impact of the disease itself and treatments that modulate immune system. Though the epidemiology of RA has been well-established by developing many targeted DMARDs (tDMARDs) including biologics and targeted synthesized DMARDs, LN is a very rare disease. Therefore, a large sample size with a significant number of cases is required to determine the exact risk of SIs in LN.Objectives:To compare the incidence rates of SIs resulting in an inpatient claim in adult patients with LN compared with RA with or without tDMARDs using hospital claims data in Japan.Methods:LN and RA were identified using claims data provided by Medical Data Vision Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan) between April 2008 and June 2019 which was extracted 5thSeptember 2019. Data between January 2010 and December 2018 was used for analysis. Patients with LN and RA were identified using modifications to algorithms developed before [1, 2]. LN patients were required to have continuous insurance claim for both systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and LN for ≥ 6 months after index date and then RA patients had continuous insurance claim for RA for ≥ 6 months after index date. First incident SIs were defined as those that resulted in an inpatient claim for a pre-specified set of ICD-10 code. Incidence rates (IRs) were calculated along with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results:The LN, RA, RA treated with tDMARDs and RA treated without tDMARDs cohorts included 6,403, 108,317, 16,450, and 91,867 patients, respectively. As anticipated, the LN and RA cohorts were predominantly female and the RA cohort was generally older than the LN cohorts. IRs per 1,000 person-year(PY) [95% CI] for pneumocystis carini pneumonia were 28.2 [26.0-30.4] in LN, 8.5 [8.2-8.8] in RA, 12.6 [11.7-13.5] in RA with tDMARDs and 7.7 [7.4-8.0] in RA without tDMARDs. IRs per 1,000 PY for septicaemia infection were 23.3 [21.3-25.3] in LN, 12.1 [11.7-12.4] in RA, 13.3 [12.3-14.2] in RA with tDMARDs and 11.8 [11.5-12.2] in RA without tDMARDs. IRs per 1,000 PY for cytomegalovirus infection were 13.4 [11.9-14.9] in LN, 4.4 [4.2-4.6] in RA, 6.2 [5.6-6.8] in RA with tDMARDs and 4.1 [3.8-4.3] in RA without tDMARDs. IRs per 1,000 PY for tuberculosis were 7.2 [6.0-8.3] in LN, 6.7 [6.5-7.0] in RA, 18.2 [17.1-19.3] in RA with tDMARDs and 4.4 [4.2-4.7] in RA without tDMARDs.Conclusion:In this population-based analysis of claims data from Japan, the IRs of SI such as pneumocystis carini pneumonia, septicemia infection and cytomegalovirus infection were higher in LN than in RA. And also, the incidence of tuberculosis in RA treated with tDMARDs was highest among these cohorts. These findings demonstrate the relative contribution of age, immunosuppressive therapies and disease-related factors in LN and RA.References:[1]Pawar A, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019 Apr;78(4):456-464. [2] ChibnikLB et al. Lupus, 2010. May;19(6):741-3.Table 1.Description of study populationLNRAtDMARDsNon tDMARDsN%N%N%N%Age (years) 18-34170026.690158.3182811.171877.8 35-44174327.21666215.4281617.11384615.1 45-54156324.42995527.7445227.12550327.8 55-64139721.85268548.6735444.74533149.3Gender Female538584.17841972.41265376.96576671.6 Male101815.92989827.6379723.12610128.4Table 2.IRs per 1,000 PY [95% CI] of SI for LN and RA patientsLN total PY = 22065RA total PY = 365033tDMARDsNon tDMARDstotal PY = 60999total PY = 304034Pneumocystis carinipneumonia28.2 [26.0-30.4]8.5 [8.2-8.8]12.6 [11.7-13.5]7.7 [7.4-8.0]Septicaemia23.3 [21.3-25.3]12.1 [11.7-12.4]13.3 [12.3-14.2]11.8 [11.5-12.2]Cytomegalovirusinfection13.4 [11.9-14.9]4.4 [4.2-4.6]6.2 [5.6-6.8]4.1 [3.8-4.3]Tuberculosis7.2 [6.0-8.3]6.7 [6.5-7.0]18.2 [17.1-19.3]4.4 [4.2-4.7]Mycosis5.1 [4.1-6.0]2.7 [2.6-2.9]4.6 [4.1-5.1]2.4 [2.2-2.5]Aspergillosis4.7 [3.8-5.6]2.7 [2.5-2.9]2.1 [1.7-2.5]2.8 [2.6-3.0]Herpes3.3 [2.5-4.0]2.4 [2.2-2.6]2.9 [2.5-3.3]2.3 [2.1-2.5]Disclosure of Interests:Mariko Nio Employee of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kosei Tajima Employee of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Naofumi Sugaya Employee of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tomoyuki Ishiwata Employee of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tatsuhiko Iwase Employee of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., hiroyuki kato Employee of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Misato Hashizume Employee of: Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
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Pyke, Kyra E., and Michael E. Tschakovsky. "Peak vs. total reactive hyperemia: which determines the magnitude of flow-mediated dilation?" Journal of Applied Physiology 102, no. 4 (April 2007): 1510–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01024.2006.
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We investigated the independent contributions of the peak and continued reactive hyperemia on flow-mediated dilation (FMD). 1) For the duration manipulation experiment (DME), 10 healthy males experienced reactive hyperemia durations of 10 s, 20 s, 30 s, 40 s, 50 s, or full reactive hyperemia (RH). 2) For the peak manipulation experiment (PME), eight healthy males experienced reactive hyperemia trials with three peak shear rate magnitudes (large, medium, and small). Data are means ± SD. For the DME, peak shear rate was not different between trials ( P = 0.326). Shear rate area under the curve (AUC) was P < 0.001. Peak %FMD was dependent on shear rate AUC: 10 s, 2.7 ± 1.3; 20 s, 6.2 ± 1.9; 30 s, 7.9 ± 2.9; 40 s, 8.3 ± 3.2; 50 s, 7.9 ± 3.2; full RH, 9.3 ± 4.1, with 10 and 20 s less than full RH ( P < 0.001). For the PME, peak shear rate was different between trials (large, 1,049.1 ± 285.8; medium, 726.4 ± 228.8; small, 512.8 ± 161.8; P < 0.001). AUC of the continued shear rate was not ( P = 0.412). Peak %FMD was unaffected by peak shear rate (large, 7.0 ± 2.7%; medium, 7.4 ± 2.6%; small, 6.6 ± 1.8%; P = 0.542). Peak and AUC shear stimulus were not significantly related in full RH ( r2 = 0.35, P = 0.07). We conclude that the shear stimulus AUC, not the peak itself, is the critical determinant of the peak FMD response. This indicates AUC as the best method of quantifying reactive hyperemia shear stimulus for %FMD normalization.
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Vieira-Baptista, Pedro, Joana Lima-Silva, José Fonseca-Moutinho, Virgínia Monteiro, and Fernanda Águas. "Survey on Aesthetic Vulvovaginal Procedures: What do Portuguese Doctors and Medical Students Think?" Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 39, no. 08 (June 23, 2017): 415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603967.
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Objective To assess the medical doctors and medical students' opinion regarding the evidence and ethical background of the performance of vulvovaginal aesthetic procedures (VVAPs). Methods Cross-sectional online survey among 664 Portuguese medical doctors and students. Results Most participants considered that there is never or there rarely is a medical reason to perform: vulvar whitening (85.9% [502/584]); hymenoplasty (72.0% [437/607]); mons pubis liposuction (71.6% [426/595]); “G-spot” augmentation (71.0% [409/576]); labia majora augmentation (66.3% [390/588]); labia minora augmentation (58.3% [326/559]); or laser vaginal tightening (52.3% [313/599]). Gynecologists and specialists were more likely to consider that there are no medical reasons to perform VVAPs; the opposite was true for plastic surgeons and students/residents.Hymenoplasty raised ethical doubts in 51.1% (283/554) of the participants. Plastic surgeons and students/residents were less likely to raise ethical objections, while the opposite was true for gynecologists and specialists.Most considered that VVAPs could contribute to an improvement in self-esteem (92.3% [613/664]); sexual function (78.5% [521/664]); vaginal atrophy (69.9% [464/664]); quality of life (66.3% [440/664]); and sexual pain (61.4% [408/664]). Conclusions While medical doctors and students acknowledge the lack of evidence and scientific support for the performance of VVAPs, most do not raise ethical objections about them, especially if they are students or plastic surgeons, or if they have had or have considered having plastic surgery.
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Jais, Ahmad, and Abdullah Syifa. "AKSEPTABILITAS MASYARAKAT KALIMANTAN BARAT TERHADAP PRODI STUDI AGAMA AGAMA IAIN PONTIANAK." Scientia: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian 7, no. 02 (December 8, 2022): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32923/sci.v7i02.2743.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat akseptabilitas masyarakat kalimantan barat terhadap Prodi Studi Agama Agama IAIN Pontianak. pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah Qouta Sampling dengan jumlah kouta 1500. Peneliti akan menilai kelayakan isi item kuesioner dengan menggunakan expert judgment sebagai ahli. Penelitian ini juga akan melakukan focus group discussion (FGD) dengan menghadirkan beberapa tokoh lintas agama dan masyarakat. Analisis data dilakukan dengan statistik deskriptif dengan memperhatikan mean, modus, median, serta simpangan bakunya. Adapun kriterianya adalah sangat setuju, setuju, tidak setuju, dan sangat tidak setuju. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah akseptabilitas aspek persepsi pada Prodi Studi Agama Agama di Kalimantan Barat yang meliputi 10 wilayah kabupaten dan juga kota memiliki kategori tinggi dengan tanggapan dengan nilai frekuensi terbanyak 616 responden (40,85%). Kategori rendah sebanyak 534 (35,41%) responden. Kategori sangat rendah dan sangat tinggi memiliki tanggapan 217 (14,39%) dan 141 responden (9,35%). Adapun akseptabilitas di wilayah Kalimantan Barat terkait keberadaan Prodi Studi Agama Agama memiliki kategori rendah dengan nilai frekuensi terbanyak 717 responden (47,55%). Kategori tinggi dan sangat tinggi memiliki tanggapan secara berurutan yakni 431 (28,58%) dan 189 responden (12,53%). Kesimpulannya adalah Prodi Studi Agama Agama IAIN Pontianak memiliki persepsi yang tinggi dalam hal perlu adanya Program Studi yang memang berfokus dalam mengarahkan moderasi beragama pada satuan Pendidikan tinggat Institut/Universitas. Namun secara keseluruhan siswa SMA/MA yang menjadi sampel penelitian akseptabilitas Prodi Studi Agama Agama di Kalimantan Barat memiliki penerimaan yang rendah.
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Minor, Martha, and Luis Sabillón. "Effectiveness of Ultra-High Irradiance Blue Light-Emitting Diodes in Inactivating Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Dry Stainless Steel and Cast-Iron Surfaces." Foods 12, no. 16 (August 16, 2023): 3072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12163072.
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The use of blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is emerging as a promising dry decontamination method. In the present study, LEDs emitting ultra-high irradiance (UHI) density at 405 nm (842 mW/cm2) and 460 nm (615 mW/cm2) were used to deliver high-intensity photoinactivation treatments ranging from 221 to 1107 J/cm2. The efficacy of these treatments to inactivate E. coli O157:H7 dry cells was evaluated on clean and soiled stainless steel and cast-iron surfaces. On clean metal surfaces, the 405 and 460 nm LED treatment with a 221 J/cm2 dose resulted in E. coli reductions ranging from 2.0 to 4.1 log CFU/cm2. Increasing the treatment energy dose to 665 J/cm2 caused further significant reductions (>8 log CFU/cm2) in the E. coli population. LED treatments triggered a significant production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in E. coli cells, as well as a significant temperature increase on metal surfaces. In the presence of organic matter, intracellular ROS generation in E. coli cells dropped significantly, and treatments with higher energy doses (>700 J/cm2) were required to uphold antimicrobial effectiveness. The mechanism of the bactericidal effect of UHI blue LED treatments is likely to be a combination of photothermal and photochemical effects. This study showed that LEDs emitting monochromatic blue light at UHI levels may serve as a viable and time-effective method for surface decontamination in dry food processing environments.
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Höher, Jürgen, Isabella Ostner, Anne Schraplau, Nina Sprenger, Ulrike Allers, Helen Sulprizio, Arndt Düsing, Markus Fink, Caroline Schmidt-Lucke, and Oliver Tenfelde. "A Single-Leg Vertical Hop Test Is an Effective Tool to Measure Functional Performance after Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction." Applied Sciences 14, no. 8 (April 9, 2024): 3143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14083143.
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This study evaluated the single-leg vertical hop test (SLVHT), using digital sensor technology, for the functional assessment of rehabilitation progress in patients after ACL reconstruction (ACL-R). Between January 2019 and June 2022, 143 patients (26.6 (8.9) years, m/f 66/34%) completed return-to-sport testing at 3 and 6 months after ACL-R. The jump height during SLVHT was quantified with a digital motion sensor, containing a three-axis acceleration gyroscope sensor, and the limb symmetry index (LSI) (injured/non-injured leg ratio) was calculated. Three months postoperatively, the jump height of the injured leg was 59.6% (13.5 (5.5) cm) that of the non-injured leg (22.9 (6.2) cm; p < 0.01). After 6 months, the jump height of the injured leg (18.4 (6.9) cm) improved by 44.1% compared to that at the 3-month follow-up but was still lower than the non-injured leg jump height (23.2 (7.0) cm, p < 0.001; LSI = 79.6%). Men jumped higher than women, but their LSI was not different at 3 (59.6 vs. 59.5%) and 6 months (80.6 vs. 77.8%). Regression analysis identified the non-injured leg jump height as the primary independent predictor of the jump height of the injured leg (β = 0.776, T = 51.506, p < 0.001). SLVHT, using digital sensor technology, is a simple and cost-effective functional test to assess rehabilitation progress after ACL-R, with the potential for multi-centre data analysis.
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Shoag, Jamie Michelle, Yan Chen, Yutaka Yasui, Kirsten K. Ness, Wendy M. Leisenring, Joseph Philip Neglia, Melissa M. Hudson, et al. "Adherence to surveillance guidelines in survivors of hodgkin lymphoma: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2023): 10047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.10047.
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10047 Background: Pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a highly curable disease. However, survivors are at high risk for long-term complications of therapy. The impact of sociodemographic and clinical factors on adherence to late effects surveillance guidelines is unknown. Methods: The CCSS is a retrospective cohort with prospective follow-up of survivors diagnosed from 1970-1999. HL survivors enrolled in CCSS who responded to a 2017 questionnaire were included. We assessed adherence to the Children’s Oncology Group surveillance guidelines for cardiomyopathy, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and skin cancer. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (aOR [95% CI]) for sociodemographic and clinical risk factors associated with adherence. Estimates were adjusted for area deprivation index (ADI); chronic health conditions; recent (≤2 years) routine check-up, cancer center or survivorship clinic visit; and possession of a survivorship care plan (SCP). Results: 1,380 HL survivors (45.6% male; median age 43.6 years, range 21.6-65.9 years) responded, of whom 55.5% were at elevated risk for cardiac dysfunction, 71.0% for breast cancer, 83.5% for skin cancer, and 39.4% for colorectal cancer. Of those at elevated risk, 42.7%, 19.9%, 31.3% and 48.9% were adherent to the guidelines for cardiac, breast, skin, and colorectal screening, respectively. Predictors of adherence to cardiac dysfunction guidelines were male sex (aOR 1.7 [1.1-2.6]), having children (aOR 1.6 [1.1-2.4]), recent routine checkup (aOR 4.0 [1.3-13.1]), recent visit to a cancer center or survivorship clinic (aOR 6.2 [3.9-10.0]), and possession of a SCP (aOR 3.1 [1.9-5.0]). Adherence to breast cancer guidelines was higher in those who were unmarried (aOR 2.1 [1.0-4.1]), had a recent visit to a cancer center or survivorship clinic (aOR 3.7 [2.0-7.0]), and possessed a SCP (aOR 3.5 [1.5-8.3]). Adherence to skin cancer guidelines was higher in those > 14 years at diagnosis (aOR 1.8 [1.3-2.4]), living in a low deprivation area (ADI 1-24.9) compared to a high deprivation area (ADI 75-100) (aOR 3.4 [1.9-5.9]), employed (aOR 1.8 [1.1-2.9]), > 30 years from diagnosis (aOR 2.4 [1.6-3.6]), with a recent routine check-up (aOR 3.6 [1.1-12.5]), and recent cancer care (aOR 2.4 [1.6-3.5]). Adherence to colorectal cancer guidelines was higher in those with grade 3-4 chronic health conditions (aOR 1.9 [1.1-3.3]). Conclusions: Less than 50% of HL survivors are adherent to screening guidelines. Sociodemographic risk factors are significant predictors of non-adherence, particularly to skin cancer screening guidelines. This threatens to potentiate outcome disparities among HL survivors.
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May, Christine N., Annabell Suh Ho, Qiuchen Yang, Meaghan McCallum, Neil M. Iyengar, Amy Comander, Ellen Siobhan Mitchell, and Andreas Michaelides. "Comparing Outcomes of a Digital Commercial Weight Loss Program in Adult Cancer Survivors and Matched Controls with Overweight or Obesity: Retrospective Analysis." Nutrients 13, no. 9 (August 24, 2021): 2908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13092908.
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Maintaining a healthy weight is beneficial for cancer survivors. However, weight loss program effectiveness studies have primarily been in highly controlled settings. This is a retrospective study exploring real-world outcomes (weight loss and program engagement) after use of a digital commercial weight loss program (Noom) in cancer survivors and matched controls. All participants had voluntarily self-enrolled in Noom. Weight and engagement data were extracted from the program. Cancer-related quality of life was secondarily assessed in a one-time cross-sectional survey for survivors. Controls were a sample of Noom users with overweight/obesity who had no history of cancer but 0–1 chronic conditions. Primary outcomes were weight change at 16 weeks and program engagement over 16 weeks. Engagement included frequency of weight, food, and physical activity logging, as well as number of coach messages. Multiple regression controlling for baseline age, gender, engagement, and BMI showed that survivors lost less weight than controls (B = −2.40, s.e. = 0.97, p = 0.01). Survivors also weighed in less (survivors: 5.4 [2.3]; controls: 5.7 [2.1], p = 0.01) and exercised less (survivors: 1.8 [3.2]; controls: 3.2 [4.1], p < 0.001) than controls. However, survivors sent more coach messages (survivors: 2.1 [2.4]; controls: 1.7 [2.0], p < 0.001). Despite controls losing more weight than cancer survivors (−7.0 kg vs. −5.3 kg), survivors lost significant weight in 4 months (M = −6.2%). Cancer survivors can have success on digital commercial programs available outside of a clinical trial. However, they may require additional support to engage in weight management behaviors.
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Popescu, Septimiu Daniel, Alex Otniel Popescu, Mihaela Dănilă, Mihaela Dobria, David Maior, and Valentin Nădăşan. "General Characteristics and Quality of Stroke-Related Online Information – A Cross-Sectional Assessment of the Romanian and Hungarian Websites." Acta Medica Marisiensis 64, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amma-2018-0023.
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AbstractBackground: The quality of online health-related information may affect users’ understanding and medical decision-making with dramatic impact, particularly in case of stroke. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the quality of information about stroke on the Romanian and Hungarian websites in terms of completeness and accuracy. Methods: The research was designed as an observational cross-sectional study. The sample included 25 Romanian and 25 Hungarian websites presenting information about stroke for the general public. General characteristics such as website ownership, main goal, website genre and medical approach were identified by the evaluators using a predetermined set of common instructions. The completeness and accuracy of the information were assessed by two independent assessors against a quality benchmark. Results: Overall, most of the websites were owned by private commercial companies (42%), had educational goal (66%), were designed as medical web-portals (46%) and had a conventional medicine approach (72%). Mean completeness score was 5.6 points (SD± 1.9) for Romanian sites and 4.1 points (SD ± 2.4) for Hungarian sites (p = 0.017). Mean accuracy score was 6.2 points (SD ± 1.1) for Romanian sites and 7.0 points (SD ± 0.7) for Hungarian sites (p = 0.02). Conclusions: The information about stroke on the Romanian and Hungarian websites had poor quality. Although we found statistically significant differences between the quality scores of the two language sub-samples and two site characteristics associated with significantly higher quality, the practical relevance of these findings for online health information seekers should be interpreted with caution.
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Tielidze, Levan G., Tobias Bolch, Roger D. Wheate, Stanislav S. Kutuzov, Ivan I. Lavrentiev, and Michael Zemp. "Supra-glacial debris cover changes in the Greater Caucasus from 1986 to 2014." Cryosphere 14, no. 2 (February 13, 2020): 585–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-585-2020.
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Abstract. Knowledge of supra-glacial debris cover and its changes remain incomplete in the Greater Caucasus, in spite of recent glacier studies. Here we present data of supra-glacial debris cover for 659 glaciers across the Greater Caucasus based on Landsat and SPOT images from the years 1986, 2000 and 2014. We combined semi-automated methods for mapping the clean ice with manual digitization of debris-covered glacier parts and calculated supra-glacial debris-covered area as the residual between these two maps. The accuracy of the results was assessed by using high-resolution Google Earth imagery and GPS data for selected glaciers. From 1986 to 2014, the total glacier area decreased from 691.5±29.0 to 590.0±25.8 km2 (15.8±4.1 %, or ∼0.52 % yr−1), while the clean-ice area reduced from 643.2±25.9 to 511.0±20.9 km2 (20.1±4.0 %, or ∼0.73 % yr−1). In contrast supra-glacial debris cover increased from 7.0±6.4 %, or 48.3±3.1 km2, in 1986 to 13.4±6.2 % (∼0.22 % yr−1), or 79.0±4.9 km2, in 2014. Debris-free glaciers exhibited higher area and length reductions than debris-covered glaciers. The distribution of the supra-glacial debris cover differs between the northern and southern and between the western, central and eastern Greater Caucasus. The observed increase in supra-glacial debris cover is significantly stronger on the northern slopes. Overall, we have observed up-glacier average migration of supra-glacial debris cover from about 3015 to 3130 m a.s.l. (metres above sea level) during the investigated period.
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Moiteiro, Cristina, Teresa Esteves, Luís Ramalho, Rosario Rojas, Sandra Alvarez, Susana Zacchino, and Helena Bragança. "Essential Oil Characterization of Two Azorean Cryptomeria japonica Populations and Their Biological Evaluations." Natural Product Communications 8, no. 12 (December 2013): 1934578X1300801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1300801233.
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Essential oils from foliage, bark and heartwood of Cryptomeria japonica D. Don from Azores Archipelago (Portugal) were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Two populations, of black and reddish heartwood color, were studied. The main compounds found in the foliage of both populations were α-pinene (9.6–29.5%), (+)-phyllocladene (3.5–26.5%), ent-kaur-16-ene (0.2–20.6%), sabinene (0.5–19.9%) and limonene (1.4–11.5%), with a large variation in individual compounds from each population. Heartwood oils were characterized by a high content of cubebol (2.8–39.9%) and epi-cubebol (4.1–26.9%) isomers, which were absent in the foliage. Elemol and eudesmol isomers were found in the foliage and heartwood oils, while (+)-phyllocladene was absent in heartwood. Black and reddish bark oils were composed of the diterpenes dehydroferruginol (1.9–5.1%) and ferruginol (2.6–11.5%), along with the sesquiterpenes δ-cadinene (10.4–15.9%), α-muurolene (3.3–5.4%), epi-zonarene (4.0–5.0%), cubenol (9.3–14.0%), τ-muurolol (4.8–10.7%), β-eudesmol (3.0–9.9%), γ-eudesmol (1.9–7.0%) and hedycariol (1.4–6.2%). Azorean C. japonica oils exhibited significant chemical differences compared with native plants from Asia. The essential oils showed moderate antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans and human pathogenic bacteria (especially against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils may be attributed to compounds such as ent-kaur-16-ene, (+)-phyllocladene, ferruginol and elemol, which are present in different proportions within the complex oil mixture. These results suggest a potential use for C. japonica oils obtained from wood industry leftovers.
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van Gelder, Maaike K., Giulia Ligabue, Silvia Giovanella, Elena Bianchini, Frank Simonis, Diënty H. M. Hazenbrink, Jaap A. Joles, et al. "In vitro efficacy and safety of a system for sorbent-assisted peritoneal dialysis." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 319, no. 2 (August 1, 2020): F162—F170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00079.2020.
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A system for sorbent-assisted peritoneal dialysis (SAPD) was designed to continuously recirculate dialysate via a tidal mode using a single lumen peritoneal catheter with regeneration of spent dialysate by means of sorbent technology. We hypothesize that SAPD treatment will maintain a high plasma-to-dialysate concentration gradient and increase the mass transfer area coefficient of solutes. Thereby, the SAPD system may enhance clearance while reducing the number of exchanges. Application is envisaged at night as a bedside device (12 kg, nighttime system). A wearable system (2.0 kg, daytime system) may further enhance clearance during the day. Urea, creatinine, and phosphate removal were studied with the daytime and nighttime system ( n = 3 per system) by recirculating 2 liters of spent peritoneal dialysate via a tidal mode (mean flow rate: 50 and 100 mL/min, respectively) for 8 h in vitro. Time-averaged plasma clearance over 24 h was modeled assuming one 2 liter exchange/day, an increase in mass transfer area coefficient, and 0.9 liters ultrafiltration/day. Urea, creatinine, and phosphate removal was 33.2 ± 4.1, 5.3 ± 0.5, and 6.2 ± 1.8 mmol, respectively, with the daytime system and 204 ± 28, 10.3 ± 2.4, and 11.4 ± 2.1 mmol, respectively, with the nighttime system. Time-averaged plasma clearances of urea, creatinine and phosphate were 9.6 ± 1.1, 9.6 ± 1.7, and 7.0 ± 0.9 mL/min, respectively, with the nighttime system and 10.8 ± 1.1, 13.4 ± 1.8, and 9.7 ± 1.6 mL/min, respectively, with the daytime and nighttime system. SAPD treatment may improve removal of uremic toxins compared with conventional peritoneal dialysis, provided that peritoneal mass transport will increase.
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Naggar, Marwa, Abdullah Alrasheedi, Reema Almutairi, Lora Alrwaily, Njood Alruwaili, Ghida Alruwaili, Wogood Alruwaili, and Razan Daghmani. "Social Media Effects on the Academic Performance of Undergraduate Medical Students in KSA." Majmaah Journal of Health Sciences 12, no. 1 (2024): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/mjhs.2024.01.005.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Aims: A cross-sectional study aims to measure social media’s effects on the academic performance of undergraduate governmental and private medical students in KSA from October 2020 to March 2021. Methods: A total of 1200 students participated in the survey. After data collection, data were analyzed in terms of number and percentage, mean and SD, students’ t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficient test, using the SPSS-21. The data was collected using a questionnaire adapted from Osharive’s (2015) social media and the academic performance of the students’ questionnaire (SMAAPOS). Results: The sample size was 1670 students. One thousand twenty-one students responded to the questionnaire with a response rate of 72.45%. Students’ GPAs ranged from <2, 2.1-3.0, 3.1-4.0, and 4.1-5.0 were 0 (0.00%), 50 (4.62%), 420 (38.26%), and 610 (56.4%); respectively. Three hundred and seven (31.1%), 220 (18.5%), and 160 (13.4%) use Twitter, YouTube, and Instagram, respectively. Nine hundred and eight students (81.7%) mentioned that the duration of using social media was more than five years, while 910 (75.21%) spent more than 5- 10 hours/ daily using social media. Eight hundred and seven (71.9%), 460 (38%), 36 (29.8), 700 (57.9%), and 280 (23.1%) use social media for social, games, professional, academic, and other purposes, respectively. The results showed Pearson correlation of a significant negative relationship between the time medical students spent on social media and their GPA, r = 0.1553. Conclusions: This study concludes a significant negative relationship between medical students’ time on social media and academic performance.