Journal articles: '3DUS'

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Wataganara, Tuangsit, Piengbulan Yapan, Sakita Moungmaithong, Nalat Sompagdee, Nisarat Phithakwatchara, Pattarawan Limsiri, Katika Nawapun, Thanapa Rekhawasin, and Pattarawalai Talungchit. "Additional benefits of three-dimensional ultrasound for prenatal assessment of twins." Journal of Perinatal Medicine 48, no. 2 (February 25, 2020): 102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2019-0409.

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AbstractThree-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) may provide additional information for prenatal assessment of twins. It may improve the diagnostic confidence of dating, nuchal translucency (NT) and chorionicity assignment in twin pregnancies. The “virtual 3DUS placentoscopy” can guide selective fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (SFLP) to treat twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Volumetric assessment of the dysmorphic acardiac twin with the Virtual Organ Computer-aided Analysis (VOCAL) software is more accurate than the conventional ultrasound measurement. Twin anemia polycythemia (TAP) sequence and selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) may be clinically monitored with 3DUS placental volume (PV) and power Doppler vascular indices. Congenital anomalies are more common in twins. Evaluation of fetal anomalies with 3DUS could assist perinatal management. The 3DUS power Doppler can provide a better understanding of true and false umbilical cord knots, which are commonly found in monoamniotic (MA) twins. Single demise in monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies can cause severe neurologic morbidity in the surviving co-twin. Prenatal prediction of brain injury in the surviving co-twin with unremarkable neurosonographic examination is difficult. The 3DUS power Doppler may aid in prenatal detection of subtle abnormal cerebral perfusion. Prenatal assessment of conjoined twins with 3DUS is important if emergency postnatal surgical separation is anticipated. There is no significant additional advantage in using real-time 3DUS to guide prenatal interventions. Assessment of the cervix and pelvic floor during twin pregnancies is enhanced with 3DUS. Due to lack of high-quality studies, routine prenatal 3DUS in twin pregnancies needs to be balanced with risks of excessive ultrasound exposure.

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Ahmadi, Firoozeh, Farnaz Akhbari, Fatemeh Niknejad, Hadieh Haghighi, Zahra Ghahremani, Fariba Ramezanali, and Mohammad Chehrazi. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography in Detection of Endometrial Lesions compared with Hysteroscopy in Infertile Women." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 4 (2016): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1490.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Two of the most frequent procedures performed on infertile women are two-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS) and three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS). Hysteroscopy is considered as the gold standard for evaluation of acquired endometrial lesions in infertile women; however, 3DUS is used as a noninvasive, less expensive, and reliable assessment method for evaluation of the intrauterine lesions in infertile women. We aimed to compare the diagnostic efficiency between 3DUS and hysteroscopy in the detection of lesions (polyps, submucous leiomyoma, and synechiae) in infertile women. Materials and methods In this prospective observational study, infertile women (n = 155) with indication of hysteroscopy were scheduled to undergo 3DUS prior to hysteroscopy from September 2010 to 2011. Women with suspected congenital uterine anomalies were excluded. The sensitivity and specificity values of 3DUS were compared with those of hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy was used as the gold standard for diagnosis of intrauterine lesions in infertile women. Results Of the 155 women, 50 were found to have an intracavitary abnormality, 36 had polyps, 12 had myomas, and 7 had synechiae on hysteroscopic findings. Examination with 3DUS in the diagnosis of intrauterine lesions reached an accuracy of 94%, and 92.15 and 96.9% of sensitivity and specificity respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) was 83.9%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) was 91.3% (LR+ = 10.75, LR+ = 0.065). Conclusion According to our results, 3DUS has a reliable diagnostic accuracy for intrauterine lesions, and it may limit unnecessary hysteroscopy in patients with normal results. How to cite this article Ahmadi F, Haghighi H, Ghahremani Z, Niknejad F, Akhbari F, Ramezanali F, Chehrazi M. Diagnostic Accuracy of Three-dimensional Ultrasonography in Detection of Endometrial Lesions compared with Hysteroscopy in Infertile Women. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(4):393-397.

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de Barros, Fernanda Silveira Bello, Luiz Cláudio de Silva Bussamra, Edward Araujo Júnior, Leonardo da Silva Valladão de Freitas, Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza, Antonio Fernandes Moron, and José Mendes Aldrighi. "Comparison of Fetal Cerebellum and Cisterna Magna Length by 2D and 3D Ultrasonography between 18 and 24 Weeks of Pregnancy." ISRN Obstetrics and Gynecology 2012 (November 14, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/286141.

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To compare the fetal cerebellum and cisterna magna length measurements by means of two- (2DUS) and three-dimensional (3DUS) ultrasonography using the three-dimensional extended imaging (3D XI), a cross-sectional study with 69 healthy pregnant women between 18 and 24 weeks was performed. For the measurements by 2DUS, the axial planes were used and for the 3DUS a sequence of adjacent axial slices (multislice view). To evaluate the difference between the two techniques, we used the Wilcoxon test. To evaluate the correlation between the cerebellum and cisterna magna length measurements and the gestational age, we used the Spearman correlation coefficient (r). For the calculation of reproducibility, we used the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The mean of the transverse and anterior-posterior diameter of cerebellum and cisterna magna by 3DUS was 9.23 and 6.62 mm, respectively. It was observed that the average of the measurements obtained by 3DUS was significantly higher, 0.76 and 1.02 mm for the length of the cerebellum and cisterna magna, respectively (P<0.001). There was a high correlation between the length measurement of the cerebellum 3D (r=0.940, P<0.001), but low correlation of cisterna magna 3D (r=0.462, P=0.080) with the gestational age. There was good intra- and interobserver reproducibility for the cerebellum and cisterna magna 3D with ICC=0.792 , 0.668, 0.691, and 0.287, respectively. The measurements of the fetal cerebellum and cisterna magna length by 3DUS using the software 3D XI were significantly higher than those obtained by 2DUS.

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Cruz, Lúcio Borges. "Basics on 3D Ultrasound." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2, no. 4 (2008): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1071.

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Abstract In the last few years, technology has progressed to make ultrasound imaging a viable tool. Following Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of 3-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) in November 1997, interest has increased to get more benefits from this new advance. Scientific advances in imaging processing in recent years have taken ultrasound into the next generation. Until recently, processing speeds were still too slow to offer real time benefit to 3D ultrasound systems. New developments with motion estimation and imaging registration techniques can allow 3D data acquisition to be accomplished without the need for position sensing devices. The purpose of this article is to review the basics on 3DUS, 3DUS the method and its mains advantages, limitations as well as to mention some frequent pitfalls. It is also aimed to remark important points in pre- and postprocessing.

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Hareendranathan, Abhilash R., Stephanie Wichuk, Kumaradevan Punithakumar, Sukhdeep Dulai, and Jacob Jaremko. "Normal variation of infant hip development." Bone & Joint Open 3, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 913–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2633-1462.311.bjo-2022-0081.r1.

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Aims Studies of infant hip development to date have been limited by considering only the changes in appearance of a single ultrasound slice (Graf’s standard plane). We used 3D ultrasound (3DUS) to establish maturation curves of normal infant hip development, quantifying variation by age, sex, side, and anteroposterior location in the hip. Methods We analyzed 3DUS scans of 519 infants (mean age 64 days (6 to 111 days)) presenting at a tertiary children’s hospital for suspicion of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Hips that did not require ultrasound follow-up or treatment were classified as ‘typically developing’. We calculated traditional DDH indices like α angle (αSP), femoral head coverage (FHCSP), and several novel indices from 3DUS like the acetabular contact angle (ACA) and osculating circle radius (OCR) using custom software. Results α angle, FHC, and ACA indices increased and OCR decreased significantly by age in the first four months, mean αSP rose from 62.2° (SD 5.7°) to 67.3° (SD 5.2°) (p < 0.001) in one- to eight- and nine- to 16-week-old infants, respectively. Mean αSP and mean FHCSP were significantly, but only slightly, lower in females than in males. There was no statistically significant difference in DDH indices observed between left and right hip. All 3DUS indices varied significantly between anterior and posterior section of the hip. Mean 3D indices of α angle and FHC were significantly lower anteriorly than posteriorly: αAnt = 58.2° (SD 6.1°), αPost = 63.8° (SD 6.3°) (p < 0.001), FHCAnt = 43.0 (SD 7.4), and FHCPost = 55.4° (SD 11.2°) (p < 0.001). Acetabular rounding measured byOCR indices was significantly greater in the anterior section of the hip (p < 0.001). Conclusion We used 3DUS to show that hip shape and normal growth pattern vary significantly between anterior and posterior regions, by magnitudes similar to age-related changes. This highlights the need for careful selection of the Graf plane during 2D ultrasound examination. Whole-joint evaluation by obtaining either 3DUS or manual ‘sweep’ video images provides more comprehensive DDH assessment. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(11):913–923.

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Kravanja, Sanda Lah, Irena Hocevar-Boltezar, Maja Marolt Music, Ana Jarc, Ivan Verdenik, and Maja Ovsenik. "Three-dimensional ultrasound evaluation of tongue posture and its impact on articulation disorders in preschool children with anterior open bite." Radiology and Oncology 52, no. 3 (September 11, 2018): 250–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/raon-2018-0032.

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Abstract Background Tongue posture plays an important role in the etiology of anterior open bite (AOB) and articulation disorders, and is crucial for AOB treatment planning and posttreatment stability. Clinical assessment of tongue posture in children is unreliable due to anatomical limitations. The aim of the study was to present functional diagnostics using three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) assessment of resting tongue posture in comparison to clinical assessment, and the associations between the improper tongue posture, otorhinolaryngological characteristics, and articulation disorders in preschool children with AOB. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study included 446 children, aged 3–7 years, 236 boys and 210 girls, examined by an orthodontist to detect the prevalence of AOB. The AOB was present in 32 children. The control group consisted of 43 children randomly selected from the participants with normocclusion. An orthodontist, an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist and a speech therapist assessed orofacial and ENT conditions, oral habits, and articulation disorders in the AOB group and control group. Tongue posture was also assessed by an experienced radiologist, using 3DUS. The 3DUS assessment of tongue posture was compared to the clinical assessment of orthodontist and ENT specialist. Results The prevalence of AOB was 7.2%. The AOB group and the control group significantly differed regarding improper tongue posture (p < 0.001), and articulation disorders (p < 0.001). In children without articulation disorders from both groups, the improper tongue posture occured less frequently than in children with articulation disorders (p < 0.001). After age adjustment, a statistical regression model showed that the children with the improper tongue posture had higher odds ratios for the presence of AOB (OR 14.63; p < 0.001) than the others. When articulation disorders were included in the model, these odds ratios for the AOB became insignificant (p = 0.177). There was a strong association between the improper tongue posture and articulation disorders (p = 0.002). The 3DUS detected the highest number of children with improper resting tongue posture, though there was no significant difference between the 3DUS and clinical assessments done by orthodontist and ENT specialist. Conclusions The 3DUS has proved to be an objective, non-invasive, radiation free method for the assessment of tongue posture and could become an important tool in functional diagnostics and early rehabilitation in preschool children with speech irregularities and irregular tongue posture and malocclusion in order to enable optimal conditions for articulation development.

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Fan, Xiaoyao, David W. Roberts, Songbai Ji, Alex Hartov, and Keith D. Paulsen. "Intraoperative fiducial-less patient registration using volumetric 3D ultrasound: a prospective series of 32 neurosurgical cases." Journal of Neurosurgery 123, no. 3 (September 2015): 721–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.12.jns141321.

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OBJECT Fiducial-based registration (FBR) is used widely for patient registration in image-guided neurosurgery. The authors of this study have developed an automatic fiducial-less registration (FLR) technique to find the patient-to-image transformation by directly registering 3D ultrasound (3DUS) with MR images without incorporating prior information. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the performance of the FLR technique when used prospectively in the operating room and to compare it with conventional FBR. METHODS In 32 surgical patients who underwent conventional FBR, preoperative T1-weighted MR images (pMR) with attached fiducial markers were acquired prior to surgery. After craniotomy but before dural opening, a set of 3DUS images of the brain volume was acquired. A 2-step registration process was executed immediately after image acquisition: 1) the cortical surfaces from pMR and 3DUS were segmented, and a multistart sum-of-squared-intensity-difference registration was executed to find an initial alignment between down-sampled binary pMR and 3DUS volumes; and 2) the alignment was further refined by a mutual information-based registration between full-resolution grayscale pMR and 3DUS images, and a patient-to-image transformation was subsequently extracted. RESULTS To assess the accuracy of the FLR technique, the following were quantified: 1) the fiducial distance error (FDE); and 2) the target registration error (TRE) at anterior commissure and posterior commissure locations; these were compared with conventional FBR. The results showed that although the average FDE (6.42 ± 2.05 mm) was higher than the fiducial registration error (FRE) from FBR (3.42 ± 1.37 mm), the overall TRE of FLR (2.51 ± 0.93 mm) was lower than that of FBR (5.48 ± 1.81 mm). The results agreed with the intent of the 2 registration techniques: FBR is designed to minimize the FRE, whereas FLR is designed to optimize feature alignment and hence minimize TRE. The overall computational cost of FLR was approximately 4–5 minutes and minimal user interaction was required. CONCLUSIONS Because the FLR method directly registers 3DUS with MR by matching internal image features, it proved to be more accurate than FBR in terms of TRE in the 32 patients evaluated in this study. The overall efficiency of FLR in terms of the time and personnel involved is also improved relative to FBR in the operating room, and the method does not require additional image scans immediately prior to surgery. The performance of FLR and these results suggest potential for broad clinical application.

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Hahn, Markus, Katja C. Siegmann, Christoph Meisner, Ann-Katrin Steinhoff, Valerie Hattermann, Tanja N. Fehm, Andreas D. Hartkopf, Markus Wallwiener, Ulrich Vogel, and Diethelm Wallwiener. "Accuracy of MRI, mammography (MG), and 2D and 3D ultrasound (2DUS/3DUS) in determining the pathologic tumor response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in breast cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 1067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.1067.

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1067 Background: The pathological tumor response in patients with locally advanced breast cancer to NACT is essential for survival and for surgical strategies. Therapy monitoring based on German recommendations is routinely performed by clinical examination, MG and 2DUS. The clinical value of MRI and 3DUS has not been established yet. The aim of the study was to determine the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) between the different imaging techniques in predicting postoperative histological tumor response after NACT. Methods: Patients with primary breast cancer (cT1-T4, cN0-1, M0) undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy between 2005 and 2010 were eligible for this prospective trial. The response was measured by MRI, MG, 2DUS and 3DUS for complete or partial remission versus stable disease after the last cycle of treatment and compared with the final pathological response. Patients with progressive disease were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was done by calculating the accuracy of each imaging technique and the size difference between imaging and histological tumor size. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were calculated for complete or partial pathological response. The study was approved by the local ethic committee (BCD001 194/2004). Results: 103 patients with the mean age of 47.7 (range 24.5 – 71.4) years were evaluated. The accuracy was 0.680 (95%CI: 0.580 -0.768) for MRI, 0.563 (95%CI: 0.453-0.669) for MG, 0.724 (95%CI: 0.618 -0.815) for 2DUS and 0.710 (95%CI: 0.588-0.813) for 3DUS. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 78%, 47%, 75% and 52% for MRI, 61%, 45%, 69% and 36% for MG, 93%, 23%, 74% and 60% for 2DUS, 94%, 19%, 73% and 57% for 3DUS. The mean (standard deviation) size difference was -1.8 mm (14.8) on MRI, 1.5 mm (26.0) on MG, -9.1mm (19.1) on 2DUS and for the volume difference -6916mm3 (15831) on 3DUS. Conclusions: The data suggest that 2DUS is sufficient in predicting tumor response between NACT treatment. MRI and MG are more accurate the 2DUS in predicting the tumor size for surgical planning.

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Araujo Júnior, Edward, Eduardo Felix Martins Santana, Liliam Cristine Rolo, Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza, and Antonio Fernandes Moron. "Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Syphilis Using Two- and Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography: Case Report." Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2012 (2012): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/478436.

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The numbers of syphilis cases have been increasing considerably, especially in eastern europe, thereby contributing towards greater chances of cases of congenital syphilis. Some of the complications of congenital syphilis can be detected on two-dimensional ultrasonography (2DUS), and these are generally manifested in the second trimester of pregnancy. The commonest ultrasonographic signs are hepatosplenomegaly, placentomegaly, and fetal growth restriction, while lower-frequency occurrences include intrahepatic calcifications, ascites, fetal hydrops, and even fetal death. Three-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) is a relatively new imaging technique that is adjuvant to 2DUS and enables detailed assessment of the fetal surface anatomy. We present a case of a 21-year-old primigravida with a diagnosis of congenital syphilis, with obstetric 2DUS findings of hepatosplenomegaly, ascites, pericardial effusion and hyperechogenicity of the cerebral parenchyma. 3DUS in rendering mode allowed clear assessment of the fetal limbs, especially the feet, which appeared twisted and lacked some toes. It allowed the parents to understand the pathological condition better and improved prenatal management and neonatal followup. 3DUS can be used routinely for assessing fetal malformations resulting from congenital infections.

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Šteňo, Andrej, Michaela Jezberová, Vladimír Hollý, Gabriela Timárová, and Juraj Šteňo. "Visualization of lenticulostriate arteries during insular low-grade glioma surgeries by navigated 3D ultrasound power Doppler: technical note." Journal of Neurosurgery 125, no. 4 (October 2016): 1016–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.10.jns151907.

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OBJECTIVE Resection of insular gliomas is challenging. In cases of intraoperative injury to the lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs), the usual result is a dense hemiplegia. LSAs are usually localized just behind the medial tumor border but they can also be encased by the tumor. Thus, exact localization of these perforators is important. However, intraoperative localization of LSAs using conventional neuronavigation can be difficult due to brain shift. In this paper, the authors present a novel method of intraoperative LSA visualization by navigated 3D ultrasound (3DUS) power Doppler. This technique enables almost real-time imaging of LSAs and evaluation of their shift during insular tumor resections. METHODS Six patients harboring insular Grade II gliomas were consecutively operated on at the Department of Neurosurgery in Bratislava using visualization of LSAs by navigated 3DUS power Doppler. In all cases, the 3DUS data were repeatedly updated to compensate for the brain shift and display the actual position of LSAs and residual tumor. RESULTS Successful visualization of LSAs was achieved in all cases. During all surgeries, the distance between the bottom of the resection cavity and LSAs could be accurately evaluated; in all tumors the resection approached the LSAs and only a minimal amount of tissue covering these perforators was intentionally left in place to avoid injury to them. CONCLUSIONS Visualization of LSAs by navigated 3DUS power Doppler is a useful tool that may help to prevent injury of LSAs during removal of insular low-grade gliomas. However, reliability of this method has to be carefully evaluated in further studies.

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Ruano, Rodrigo. "Fetal Organ Volume Measurements by Three-dimensional Ultrasonography in Clinical Practice." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 4 (2015): 397–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1426.

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ABSTRACT The present manuscript reviews the main three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) methods that are clinically available to measure fetal organ volumes. Nowadays, it is possible to measure the volume of different organs (lungs, heart, liver, kidneys, adrenal glands and brain) using 3DUS. Those measurements are clinically useful to predict pulmonary hypoplasia, cardiac dysfunction and anomalies, fetal growth, renal function and prematurity as well as to predict adequate and normal neurodevelopment. How to cite this article Ruano R. Fetal Organ Volume Measurements by Three-dimensional Ultrasonography in Clinical Practice. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(4):397-407.

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Pereira, Daniela Cardoso, Luiz Claudio Silva Bussamra, Edward Araujo Júnior, Carolina Leite Drummond, Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza, Antonio Fernandes Moron, and José Mendes Aldrighi. "Prenatal Diagnosis of Treacher-Collins Syndrome Using Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography and Differential Diagnosis with Other Acrofacial Dysostosis Syndromes." Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/203976.

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Treacher-Collins syndrome (TCS) is a rare dominant autosomal anomaly resulting from malformation or disruption of the development of the first and second branchial arches. It is characterized by micrognathia, malar hypoplasia, and malformations of the eyes and ears. The prenatal diagnosis using two-dimensional ultrasonography (2DUS) is characterized by identification of facial malformations together with polyhydramnios. Three-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) has the capacity to spatially display these facial malformations, thus making it easy for the parents to understand them. We present a case of TCS diagnosed in the 33rd week using 3DUS, with postnatal confirmation using cranial computed tomography and anatomopathological analysis.

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Axiana, Carolina, Maria Angelica Zoppi, Rosa Maria Ibba, Marcella Floris, and Fabiola Manca. "3D-4D Ultrasound in the First Trimester of Pregnancy." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 1, no. 3 (2007): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1102.

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Abstract Three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) imaging is a new technique that allows imaging from volume sonographic data rather than conventional planar data. The volume data can be viewed as a three-dimensional object and displayed in multiplanar mode in three orthogonal planes or in various modes of rendering that can be selected singularly or combined to optimize the visualization of soft tissues, bony structures or vessels. The 4D imaging has introduced a temporal dimension to the 3D volumetric scansion, associating movement to representation of volumes. 3DUS provides the ability to examine the embryo and the fetus at the first trimester in any arbitrary plane. Various studies have reported a better visualization of the structures in normal fetuses as well as malformed ones, regarding selected cases of facial structures, cranium, abdominal wall and limbs. 3DUS technique is also being considered for measurement of nuchal translucency and the evaluation of the nasal bones. Several reports exist on the application of 3D-4D techniques regarding conjoined twins. 4DUS allows the evaluation of fetal motorial and behavioral patterns. 3D-4D techniques are seen as a powerful complement to conventional ultrasound, but not a substitution to it.

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Barros, Fernanda S., Edward Araujo Júnior, Liliam Cristine Rolo, and Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza. "Prenatal Diagnosis of Lethal Multiple Pterygium Syndrome Using Two-and Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 2 (October 31, 2012): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2156-7514.103055.

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Lethal multiple pterygium (LMP) is a series of disorders of fetal formation with a heterogeneous range of manifestations that generally include cystic hygroma, pulmonary hypoplasia, cleft palate, cryptorchidism, joint contractures, fetal akinesia, heart defects, growth restriction, and intestinal malrotation. The prenatal diagnosis of this syndrome is suspected when two-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS) scan shows several malformations.. The three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) in rendering mode permits the spatial visualization of these malformations, allowing better understanding of this anomaly by parents. We report a case of a fetus in the second trimester with multiple abnormalities suggestive of LMP that were identified using 2DUS, and emphasize the importance of 3DUS in counseling the parents.

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Salim, Azen, Gulardi Hanifa Wiknjosastro, I. Gede Putu Surya, Bambang Karsono, I. Made Kornia Karkata, Noroyono Wibowo, Wiku Andonotopo, and I. Nyoman Hariyasa Sanjaya. "Diagnosis of Fetal Anomalies in Developing Country: Experiences in Indonesia." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 1, no. 1 (2007): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1091.

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Abstract Although three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) has been available for more than 10 years in Indonesia, there was no publishing article from our region which systematically evaluates our experiences in this most recent ultrasound technologies and its application to obstetric. 3DUS is revolving into a technology with various range of applications in numerous fields because it helps overcome some of the key limitations related to two-dimensional imaging. It is through this review that we attempt to develop a continuous line of understanding the current diagnostic benefits of 3D and 4DUS in diagnosis of fetal abnormalities and consider the utility and role of this type of imaging in the routine clinical practice.

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Zhang, Jack, Naveenjyote Boora, Sarah Melendez, Abhilash Rakkunedeth Hareendranathan, and Jacob Jaremko. "Diagnostic Accuracy of 3D Ultrasound and Artificial Intelligence for Detection of Pediatric Wrist Injuries." Children 8, no. 6 (May 21, 2021): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8060431.

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Wrist trauma is common in children, typically requiring radiography for diagnosis and treatment planning. However, many children do not have fractures and are unnecessarily exposed to radiation. Ultrasound performed at bedside could detect fractures prior to radiography. Modern tools including three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) and artificial intelligence (AI) have not yet been applied to this task. Our purpose was to assess (1) feasibility, reliability, and accuracy of 3DUS for detection of pediatric wrist fractures, and (2) accuracy of automated fracture detection via AI from 3DUS sweeps. Children presenting to an emergency department with unilateral upper extremity injury to the wrist region were scanned on both the affected and unaffected limb. Radiographs of the symptomatic limb were obtained for comparison. Ultrasound scans were read by three individuals to determine reliability. An AI network was trained and compared against the human readers. Thirty participants were enrolled, resulting in scans from fifty-five wrists. Readers had a combined sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.90 for fractures. AI interpretation was indistinguishable from human interpretation, with all fractures detected in the test set of 36 images (sensitivity = 1.0). The high sensitivity of 3D ultrasound and automated AI ultrasound interpretation suggests that ultrasound could potentially rule out fractures in the emergency department.

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Riccabona, Michael. "Potential role of 3DUS in infants and children." Pediatric Radiology 41, S1 (April 27, 2011): 228–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00247-011-2051-1.

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Hareendrananthan, Abhilash Rakkunedeth, Myles Mabee, Baljot S. Chahal, Sukhdeep K. Dulai, and Jacob L. Jaremko. "Can AI Automatically Assess Scan Quality of Hip Ultrasound?" Applied Sciences 12, no. 8 (April 18, 2022): 4072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12084072.

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Ultrasound images can reliably detect Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) during early infancy. Accuracy of diagnosis depends on the scan quality, which is subjectively assessed by the sonographer during ultrasound examination. Such assessment is prone to errors and often results in poor-quality scans not being reported, risking misdiagnosis. In this paper, we propose an Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique for automatically determining scan quality. We trained a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to categorize 3D Ultrasound (3DUS) hip scans as ‘adequate’ or ‘inadequate’ for diagnosis. We evaluated the performance of this AI technique on two datasets—Dataset 1 (DS1) consisting of 2187 3DUS images in which each image was assessed by one reader for scan quality on a scale of 1 (lowest quality) to 5 (optimal quality) and Dataset 2 (DS2) consisting of 107 3DUS images evaluated semi-quantitatively by four readers using a 10-point scoring system. As a binary classifier (adequate/inadequate), the AI technique gave highly accurate predictions on both datasets (DS1 accuracy = 96% and DS2 accuracy = 91%) and showed high agreement with expert readings in terms of Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Cohen’s kappa coefficient (K). Using our AI-based approach as a screening tool during ultrasound scanning or postprocessing would ensure high scan quality and lead to more reliable ultrasound hip examination in infants.

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Li, Zhongju, Churong Zhou, Zhilan Zhang, and Qiao Wu. "Application of Ultrasonographic Imaging in Fetal Thyroid Function Measurement of Amniotic Hormone Concentration." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 11, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 636–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2021.3332.

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Objective: To investigate the fetal thyroid function using ultrasound imaging combined with amniotic fluid hormone concentration. Method: 380 pregnant women who did pregnancy test in our hospital from August 2015 to August 2017 were selected as the subjects. 260 of them had normal fetal growth indicators, all of them were singletons, with a gestational time of 18–41 weeks. 120 pregnant women underwent cesarean section, parturition, and amniocentesis. All pregnant women had no thyroid related diseases, hypertension, or autoimmune diseases. 3DUS (Three-dimensional ultrasound) and 2DUS (two-dimensional ultrasound) were used to measure the size of fetal thyroid gland, and the amniotic hormone content was measured. Result: The repeatability and consistency of the 3DUS-VOCAL (Voual organ computerized analysis) technique were superior to 2DUS in the measurement of fetal thyroid volume in 20 cases. There were 243 fetal thyroid size-related data collected from 260 fetuses at 18 weeks and 41 weeks of pregnancy. Amniotic fluid FT3, T3 had a certain correlation with gestational age, but amniotic fluid FT4, T4, TSH had no significant correlation with gestational age. 4 cases of fetal hypothyroidism were screened by ultrasound combined with amniotic fluid hormone measurement. Conclusion: The volume of fetal thyroid measured by 3DUS-VOCAL is better than that of 2DUS. Ultrasound combined with amniotic fluid thyroid associated hormone detection is helpful to evaluate fetal thyroid function.

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Wang, Jie, Jiabao Ma, and Jin Yi Lang. "Biologic target volume delineation and the application of three-dimensional ultrasound image system in hypofractional radiotherapy for prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): e16585-e16585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e16585.

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e16585 Background: To investigate the value of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and positron emission computed tomography (PET-CT) in biological target volume(BTV) delineation of prostate cancer using hypofractional intensity modulated radiotherapy (HF-IMRT) with simultaneously integrated boost(SIB), and the preliminary efficacy and adverse effects of 3D ultrasound (3DUS) guided imaging in the treatment of prostate cancer using HF-IMRT and SIB. Methods: Between August 2015 and May 2016, 13 patients diagnosed with mid-high risk prostate cancer were retrospectively enrolled. All the eligible patients had underwent MRI MRS and PET-CT(18F-FDG or 11C-CHO) examination before radiotherapy. 5 patients had explicit BTV by examinations mentioned above. Radiation oncologists fused 3DUS and CT images and delineated tumor target volume referring to MRS and PET-CT. The target volumes were named as GTVMRI BTVMRS BTVPET-CT respectively and the volume were recorded. 3DUS guided HF-IMRT were applied during the radiotherapy. Results: The volumes of GTVMRI BTVMRS BTVPET-CT among the 5 patients were different. The mean volume of GTVMRI BTVMRS and BTVPET-CT were 3.52±1.69cm3, 6.64±2.27cm3 and 5.47±2.60cm3,respectively. Significant difference was only observed between GTVMRI and BTVMRS( P = 0.046). Compared to GTVMRI, the average increasing volumes of BTVMRS and BTVPET-CT were 89.07% and 55.52%. The prescription dose and biological effective dose(BED) of BTVMRS were 70.09-73.45Gy and 129.06-135.54Gy. The prescription dose and BED of the whole prostate were 66.02-69.40Gy and 113.32-124.82Gy. The dose of bladder and rectum were within safe control. The prostate specific antigen (PSA) were significantly decreased after radiotherapy. No local recurrence or distant metastasis was observed. Conclusions: MRS and PET-CT can be applied to delineation of the BTV of prostate cancer. With the help of multi-modal image guidance, dose painting for prostate cancer is feasible. 3DUS guided HF-IMRT with SIB is an alternative for radiation oncologists based on BTVMRS. With shortened time and less cost, this technique is safe and non-radioactive compared to CBCT guidance.

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Raiteri, Brent J., Andrew G. Cresswell, and Glen A. Lichtwark. "Three-dimensional geometrical changes of the human tibialis anterior muscle and its central aponeurosis measured with three-dimensional ultrasound during isometric contractions." PeerJ 4 (July 28, 2016): e2260. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2260.

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Background.Muscles not only shorten during contraction to perform mechanical work, but they also bulge radially because of the isovolumetric constraint on muscle fibres. Muscle bulging may have important implications for muscle performance, however quantifying three-dimensional (3D) muscle shape changes in human muscle is problematic because of difficulties with sustaining contractions for the duration of anin vivoscan. Although two-dimensional ultrasound imaging is useful for measuring local muscle deformations, assumptions must be made about global muscle shape changes, which could lead to errors in fully understanding the mechanical behaviour of muscle and its surrounding connective tissues, such as aponeurosis. Therefore, the aims of this investigation were (a) to determine the intra-session reliability of a novel 3D ultrasound (3DUS) imaging method for measuringin vivohuman muscle and aponeurosis deformations and (b) to examine how contraction intensity influencesin vivohuman muscle and aponeurosis strains during isometric contractions.Methods.Participants (n= 12) were seated in a reclined position with their left knee extended and ankle at 90° and performed isometric dorsiflexion contractions up to 50% of maximal voluntary contraction. 3DUS scans of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle belly were performed during the contractions and at rest to assess muscle volume, muscle length, muscle cross-sectional area, muscle thickness and width, fascicle length and pennation angle, and central aponeurosis width and length. The 3DUS scan involved synchronous B-mode ultrasound imaging and 3D motion capture of the position and orientation of the ultrasound transducer, while successive cross-sectional slices were captured by sweeping the transducer along the muscle.Results.3DUS was shown to be highly reliable across measures of muscle volume, muscle length, fascicle length and central aponeurosis length (ICC ≥ 0.98, CV < 1%). The TA remained isovolumetric across contraction conditions and progressively shortened along its line of action as contraction intensity increased. This caused the muscle to bulge centrally, predominantly in thickness, while muscle fascicles shortened and pennation angle increased as a function of contraction intensity. This resulted in central aponeurosis strains in both the transverse and longitudinal directions increasing with contraction intensity.Discussion.3DUS is a reliable and viable method for quantifying multidirectional muscle and aponeurosis strains during isometric contractions within the same session. Contracting muscle fibres do work in directions along and orthogonal to the muscle’s line of action and central aponeurosis length and width appear to be a function of muscle fascicle shortening and transverse expansion of the muscle fibres, which is dependent on contraction intensity. How factors other than muscle force change the elastic mechanical behaviour of the aponeurosis requires further investigation.

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Nardozza, Luciano Marcondes Machado, Edward Araujo, Ana Carolina Rabachini Caetano, and Antonio Fernandes Moron. "Prenatal Diagnosis of Amniotic Band Syndrome in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy using 3D Ultrasound." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 2 (April 28, 2012): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2156-7514.95436.

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Amniotic band syndrome is characterized by a build-up of bands and strings of fibrous tissue that adhere to the fetus and can compress parts of the fetus, thus causing malformations and even limb amputation while the fetus is still in the uterus. The clinical manifestations are extremely variable and their extent may range from a single abnormality, like a constriction ring, to multiple abnormalities. Such abnormalities are generally diagnosed at the end of the first or the beginning of the second trimester using two-dimensional ultrasonography (2DUS). Three-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) in rendering mode allows spatial analysis of the fetus and amniotic band, thus enabling better comprehension of this pathological condition and better counseling for the parents. There has not previously been any evidence to show that 3DUS would be useful in cases of late diagnosis (third trimester) of amniotic band syndrome. In the present case, a primigravid woman underwent her second obstetric ultrasound scan in the 34th week, from which we observed two bands in contact with the right forearm, but with normal movement of this limb and its fingers. 3DUS made it possible to see the spatial relationship of these bands to the fetal body, thereby confirming their adherence to the limb. After the birth, the prenatal diagnosis of amniotic band syndrome without limb constriction was confirmed. A surgical procedure was carried out on the third day after birth to excise the bands, and the newborn was then discharged in a good general condition.

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Rios, Lívia Teresa Moreira, Edward Araujo Júnior, Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza, Liliam Cristine Rolo, Alan Roberto Hatanaka, Antonio Fernandes Moron, and Marília da Glória Martins. "Prenatal Diagnosis of Penoscrotal Hypospadia in Third Trimester by Two- and Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography: A Case Report." Case Reports in Urology 2012 (2012): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/142814.

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Hypospadia is an abnormal development of the corpus spongiosum, that involves cavernosa urethra, as a result of an inadequate fusion of the urethral folds. The incidence ranges from 0.2 to 4.1 per 1,000 live births. Among the markers of hypospadia, isolated ventral or lateral curvature of the penis associated with shortening are the most important markers and, in severe cases, can result in the classic “tulip sign.” The diagnosis of hypospadia is uncommon unless there is a routine of detailed analysis of fetal genitalia morphology. The prenatal diagnosis is of great importance for genetic counseling and allows better planning of postnatal treatment. The three-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) in rendering mode enables better comprehension of the pathology by parents, facilitating postnatal planning. We report a case of penoscrotal hypospadia diagnosed at 33 weeks of gestation, suspected due to the absence of testicles in the scrotum and difficulty of penis visualization. We emphasize the findings of 3DUS and its importance in the pathology compression by parents.

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Bault, J. "OP28.07: Oto-mandibular dysplasia: a standardized approach based on 3DUS." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 40, S1 (September 2012): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.11665.

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Rios, Livia T., Edward Araujo, Ana C. R. Caetano, Luciano M. Nardozza, Antonio F. Moron, and Marília G. Martins. "Prenatal Diagnosis of EEC Syndrome with “Lobster Claw” Anomaly by 3D Ultrasound." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 2 (July 28, 2012): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2156-7514.99153.

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The EEC syndrome is a genetic anomaly characterized by the triad: ectodermal dysplasia (development of anomalies of the structures derived from the embryonic ectodermal layer), ectrodactyly (extremities, hands and feet malformations) and cleft lip and/or palate; these malformations can be seen together or in isolation. The prenatal diagnosis can be made by two-dimensional ultrasonography (2DUS) that identifies the facial and/or limb anomalies, most characteristic being the “lobster-claw” hands. The three-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) provides a better analysis of the malformations than the 2DUS. A 25-year-old primigravida, had her first transvaginal ultrasonography that showed an unique fetus with crow-rump length of 47 mm with poorly defined hands and feet,. She was suspected of having sporadic form of EEC syndrome. The 2DUS performed at 19 weeks confirmed the EEC syndrome, showing a fetus with lobster-claw hands (absence of the 2nd and 3rd fingers), left foot with the absence of the 3rd toe and the right foot with syndactyly, and presence of cleft lip/palate. The 3DUS defined the anomalies much better than 2DUS including the lobster-claw hands.

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Obst, Steven J., Lee Barber, Ashton Miller, and Rod S. Barrett. "Reliability of Achilles Tendon Moment Arm Measured In Vivo Using Freehand Three-Dimensional Ultrasound." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 33, no. 4 (August 2017): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2016-0261.

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This study investigated reliability of freehand three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) measurement of in vivo human Achilles tendon (AT) moment arm. Sixteen healthy adults were scanned on 2 separate occasions by a single investigator. 3DUS scans were performed over the free AT, medial malleolus, and lateral malleolus with the ankle passively positioned in maximal dorsiflexion, mid dorsiflexion, neutral, mid plantar flexion and maximal plantar flexion. 3D reconstructions of the AT, medial malleolus, and lateral malleolus were created from manual segmentation of the ultrasound images and used to geometrically determine the AT moment arm using both a straight (straight ATMA) and curved (curved ATMA) tendon line-of-action. Both methods were reliable within- and between-session (intra-class correlation coefficients > 0.92; coefficient of variation < 2.5 %) and revealed that AT moment arm increased by ∼ 7 mm from maximal dorsiflexion (∼ 41mm) to maximal plantar flexion (∼ 48 mm). Failing to account for tendon curvature led to a small overestimation (< 2 mm) of AT moment arm that was most pronounced in ankle plantar flexion, but was less than the minimal detectable change of the method and could be disregarded.

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Hull, A. D., D. H. Pretorius, G. James, B. Parry, and R. Newton. "Three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) does not enhance maternal bonding during pregnancy." Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 18 (October 2001): CEO—05—CEO—05. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-0705.2001.abs07-2.x.

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Fritz, G., M. Riccabona, C. Weitzer, H. Deutschmann, and B. Resch. "Dreidimensionaler Ultraschall (3DUS) des neonatalen Gehirns: klinische Anwendbarkeit bei intensivgepflegten Neugeborenen." Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound 26, no. 04 (July 7, 2005): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-858360.

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Shirazi, Azadeh, Maryam Tarsa, Angela Scioscia, Dolores Pretorius, and Andrew Hull. "Evaluation of the difficult posterior fossa with three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS)." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 189, no. 6 (December 2003): S234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2003.10.650.

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30

Lee, W., J. Espinoza, A. Shetty, S. Hassan, F. Gotsch, J. P. Kusanovic, L. F. Goncalves, and R. Romero. "OP04.08: Fetal gender assignment using 3DUS and MRI of internal pelvic anatomy." Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 32, no. 3 (August 2008): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.5651.

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Rios, Livia Teresa Moreira, Edward Araujo Júnior, Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza, Antonio Fernandes Moron, and Marília da Glória Martins. "Prenatal Diagnosis of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma Using Two and Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography." Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/131369.

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Sacrococcygeal teratoma accounts for half of all fetal tumors, with a prevalence of 1 : 40,000 births. It is believed to originate from pluripotent cells in Hensen's nodule. Although most are benign, they are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates because the fetus develops congestive heart failure and hydrops. Factors leading to poor prognosis include solid components in the mass, and hydrops diagnosed before the 30th week. A case of prenatal sacrococcygeal teratoma diagnosed using B-mode and color Doppler two-dimensional ultrasonography (2DUS) is described, in which three-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) enabled characterization of the extent of fetal lesions and allowed the parents to understand the pathological condition better. A 20-year-old primigravida was referred with a solid mass diagnosed in the lumbosacral spine. Examinations performed at our institution revealed pregnancy of 23 weeks and 4 days, with a female fetus presenting a bulky solid mass with cystic components and calcifications, measuring cm, starting from the sacral region, with internal flow seen on color Doppler. A new ultrasound confirmed fetal death at 25 weeks and 4 days. Postnatal findings confirmed the diagnosis of sacrococcygeal teratoma. 3DUS can be used in cases of sacrococcygeal teratoma to assess the development of tumor during the prenatal and to allow better understanding of this anomaly by the parents.

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32

Liberty, G., R. Boldes, O. Shen, and S. Yagel. "P27.13: New approach for fetal larynx and pharynx biometry using 3DUS acquired images." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 40, S1 (September 2012): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.12144.

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33

Bau, Santiago, Luis T. Mercé, and María J. Barco. "2D and 3D Power Doppler Ultrasound of Endometrium as Implantation Marker." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2, no. 2 (2008): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1052.

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Abstract Transvaginal ultrasonography has an important role in assessing the endometrium. With 2DUS, a single measurement of endometrial thickness in the sagittal plane is widely used in assisted reproductive technology and in pregnancy prediction. Endometrial volume, measured with 3DUS, has been studied as a potentially more accurate parameter. The endometrial pattern was related to the likelihood of implantation. This pattern correlated in a positive fashion with subsequent implantation. 3D ultrasound and 3D power Doppler parameters have been applied to assisted reproductive techniques as outcome predictors, although studies are still scarce, they show very promising results.

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34

Lian, Xihua, and Guorong Lv. "Assessing the Feasibility of Normal Fetal Thoracic Development Measured by 2DUS, 3DUS and MRI." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 43 (2017): S139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.08.1445.

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35

Schwartz, Nadav, Baris Oguz, Nathanael C. Koelper, Diana Thomas, Charlene Compher, Chandra Sehgal, and Ipek Oguz. "Automated segmentation analysis of 3DUS placental volumes yields an early biomarker of fetal growth potential." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 226, no. 1 (January 2022): S96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2021.11.176.

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36

Alcázar, Juan Luis. "The Use of Three-dimensional Ultrasound in Gynecological Patients." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2, no. 4 (2008): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1073.

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Abstract Two-dimensional ultrasound is commonly used in gynecologic patients. It has been shown to be very useful for diagnosing pelvic pathology in both asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Three-dimensional ultrasound is a new imaging modality, which is being introduced into clinical practice. Although this technique will not probably replace two-dimensional ultrasound, it is being increasingly used. It has been reported that 3DUS is a very high reproducible technique that may have applications in the field of gynecology. These applications include imaging of the uterus, uterine cavity, adnexa and pelvic floor, as well as very interesting applications using three-dimensional power-Doppler ultrasound. The aim of this paper is addressing some technical features of three-dimensional ultrasound and reviewing its current status in clinical practice.

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Schwartz, Nadav, Ipek Oguz, Jiancong Wang, Alison Pouch, Natalie Yushkevich, Shobhana Parameshwaran, James Gee, Paul Yushkevich, and Baris U. Oguz. "1049: Fully automated placental volume quantification from 3DUS for prediction of small-for-gestational age infants." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 220, no. 1 (January 2019): S672—S673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2018.11.1073.

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38

Ruano, R., J. Martinovic, A. Benachi, L. Joubin, M. C. Aubry, J. C. Thalabard, Y. Dumez, M. Dommergues, and Y. Dumez. "P09.11: What is the precision of 3DUS in estimating fetal lung volume in congenital diaphragmatic hernia?" Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 24, no. 3 (August 2004): 319–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.1494.

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39

Serafin-Krol, Malgorzata, Radoslaw Krol, Robert K. Mlosek, Marcin Ziolkowski, Wieslaw Jakubowski, and Jaroslaw Deszczynski. "1041: The Value of 3D Ultrasonography (3DUS) of Achilles Tendon in Comparison with Standard 2D US Imaging." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 35, no. 8 (August 2009): S109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2009.06.423.

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40

Racine, Emmanuel, Frédéric Lacroix, and Luc Beaulieu. "Characterization of Electromagnetic versus Manual 3DUS-Based Catheter Tip Localization Errors in High Dose Rate Brachytherapy Procedures." Brachytherapy 15 (May 2016): S194—S195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brachy.2016.04.356.

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41

Dube, F., A. Mahadevan, and T. A. Sheldon. "Fusion of CT and 3D Ultrasound (3DUS) for Prostate Delineation of Patients with Metallic Hip Prostheses (MHP)." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 75, no. 3 (November 2009): S327—S328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.751.

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42

Ruano, R., M. C. Aubry, B. Barthe, Y. Dumez, M. Zugaib, and A. Benachi. "OP31.08: Predicting perinatal outcome in 55 fetuses with isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia using different 3DUS lung measurements." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 34, S1 (September 2009): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.6966.

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43

Miskovic, Berivoj, Badreldeen Ahmed, Moayyad Younis, Salwa Abo-Yaquab, Huda Saleh, Afaf Naim Shaddad, Awatif Juma Al Bahar, and Najat Khenyab. "An Attempt to Introduce Neurological Test for Fetus Based on 3D and 4D Sonography." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2, no. 4 (2008): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1076.

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Abstract Fetal neurology is a new challenging field. Brain damage often originates in fetal life. Early identification of this damage has implications for perinatal management; moreover documentation of such lesions is essential in case of litigation. In the last two decades, fetal imaging with 2-dimensional ultrasounds and conventional magnetic resonance imaging have made a major contribution in the identification of classic brain lesions and malformations. However, it is only recently with diffusion weight imaging that the whole spectrum of perinatal white matter injuries has been described in the neonate. The recent advances of 3DUS and 4DUS in exploring fetal motor behavior should support a better clinical description of the full spectrum of fetal damage. New neurological test (KANET) of the fetus recently suggested by us (Kurjak et al 2008) might be helpful in the assessment of fetal neurobehavior.

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Breysem, Luc, Stéphanie De Rechter, Frederik De Keyzer, Maria Helena Smet, Bert Bammens, Maria Van Dyck, Maarten Hofmans, Raymond Oyen, Elena Levtchenko, and Djalila Mekahli. "3DUS as an alternative to MRI for measuring renal volume in children with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease." Pediatric Nephrology 33, no. 5 (January 6, 2018): 827–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00467-017-3862-6.

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45

Heimann, R., D. H. Hard, and J. M. Archambault. "Three Dimensional Ultrasound (3DUS) Image Guidance, Clips or CT: How to Optimally Localize the Breast Lumpectomy Cavity Volume?" International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 75, no. 3 (November 2009): S196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.454.

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46

Poulin, Eric, Lori Gardi, Kevin Barker, Jacques Montreuil, Aaron Fenster, and Luc Beaulieu. "Validation of a novel robot-assisted 3DUS system for real-time planning and guidance of breast interstitial HDR brachytherapy." Medical Physics 42, no. 12 (November 6, 2015): 6830–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.4934832.

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Liberty, G., R. Boldes, O. Shen, and S. Yagel. "OP26.07: The fetal pharynx and larynx: a novel approach for demonstration and evaluation by 3DUS MPR and render modes." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 40, S1 (September 2012): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.11643.

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Giuliano, J., E. Peethumnongsin, R. Theophanous, K. Gurysh, B. Ruderman, A. Gordee, M. Kuchibhatla, and J. Broder. "343 Prospective Blinded Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracy and Speed of 2DUS and Low-Cost 3DUS in Simulated Obstetric and Gynecologic Cases." Annals of Emergency Medicine 78, no. 4 (October 2021): S138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.09.357.

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Hull, A. D., D. H. Pretorius, R. Newton, S. A. Asfoor, and G. James. "Three-dimensional obstetric ultrasound (3DUS) is perceived by lay non-pregnant adults to be more valuable than two-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS)." Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 18 (October 2001): F36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-0705.2001.abs20-3.x.

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Smith, W., C. Lewis, G. Bauman, G. Rodrigues, D. D'Souza, R. Ash, V. Venkatesan, D. Downey, and A. Fenster. "TU-C-J-6B-07: 3DUS, MRI and CT Prostate Volume Definition: 3D Evaluation of Intra- and Inter-Modality and Observer Variability." Medical Physics 32, no. 6Part15 (May 26, 2005): 2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.1998351.

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Journal articles on the topic '3DUS'

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