Journal articles: '3D widget'

1

Silverstein, Jonathan C., and Fred Dech. "Precisely Exploring Medical Models and Volumes in Collaborative Virtual Reality." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 14, no. 1 (February 2005): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1054746053890233.

Full text

Abstract:

We describe a virtual-reality widget library and two medical applications built on the widget library. These two applications, education using surface models and radiological volume visualization, make use of collaborative interaction techniques. These techniques support a high degree of precision with respect to manipulation of data and data parameters. The 3D widgets instantiated in these applications are synchronized between clients in order to facilitate the high degree of interactivity necessary for productive investigation of shared medical models and volume data. We discuss challenges that face the investigator in an immersive 3D environment as opposed to that of a 2D desktop environment. We describe how these differences have led us to criteria for development of the shared 3D Virtual Reality (VR) graphical user interfaces (GUIs) used in the biomedical applications presented. We review our educational validations already conducted for the surface model exploration application and preview our future work toward a single advanced biomedical collaboration environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Snibbe, Scott S., Kenneth P. Herndon, Daniel C. Robbins, D. Brookshire Conner, and Andries van Dam. "Using deformations to explore 3D widget design." ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics 26, no. 2 (July 1992): 351–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/142920.134091.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Khan, Muhammad Sajid, Tayyab Rehman, Andrew Ware, Muhammad Jehanzeb, Muhammad Imran Babar, and Muhammad Abubakar Yamin. "A 3D Classical Object Viewer for Device Compatible Display." International Journal of Information and Education Technology 10, no. 10 (2020): 768–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2020.10.10.1456.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper presents a 3D Android-based classical object viewer system that improves user experience when viewing 3D datasets. The system is well suited to 3D simulated images and facilitates a more accurate list of images in response to search-based quarries using Android’s SearchView widget. Existing 2D object viewer systems are unable to display the simulated images accurately and older 3D object viewing systems face performance-related challenges. The developed Android system reduces the issues of performance and improves the flexibility in viewing rotation for 3D environments. It also provides better user experience and versatility to 3D object viewers through different paths and channels. The effectiveness of the developed system has been demonstrated using standard datasets.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Hua, Hong, Leonard D. Brown, and Chunyu Gao. "System and Interface Framework for SCAPE as a Collaborative Infrastructure." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 13, no. 2 (April 2004): 234–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1054746041382429.

Full text

Abstract:

We have developed a multi-user collaborative infrastructure, SCAPE (an acronym for Stereoscopic Collaboration in Augmented and Projective Environments), which is based on recent advancement in head-mounted projective display (HMPD) technology. SCAPE combines the functionalities of an interactive workbench and a room-sized immersive display to concurrently create both exocentric and egocentric perspectives. SCAPE intuitively provides a shared space in which multiple users can simultaneously interact with a 3D synthetic environment from their individual viewpoints, and each user has concurrent access to the environment from multiple perspectives at multiple scales. SCAPE also creates a platform to merge the traditionally separate paradigms of virtual and augmented realities. In this paper, we discuss the design principles we have followed to conceptualize the SCAPE system and briefly summarize SCAPE's hardware implementation. Furthermore, we discuss in detail the high-level design and implementation of the SCAPE architecture, and present a set of unique widget interfaces currently available in our implementation that enable and facilitate interaction and cooperation. Finally, we demonstrate SCAPE's unique visualization and interface capabilities via a testbed application— Aztec Explorer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Dai, Yakang, Jian Zheng, Yuetao Yang, Duojie Kuai, and Xiaodong Yang. "Volume-Rendering-Based Interactive 3D Measurement for Quantitative Analysis of 3D Medical Images." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/804573.

Full text

Abstract:

3D medical images are widely used to assist diagnosis and surgical planning in clinical applications, where quantitative measurement of interesting objects in the image is of great importance. Volume rendering is widely used for qualitative visualization of 3D medical images. In this paper, we introduce a volume-rendering-based interactive 3D measurement framework for quantitative analysis of 3D medical images. In the framework, 3D widgets and volume clipping are integrated with volume rendering. Specifically, 3D plane widgets are manipulated to clip the volume to expose interesting objects. 3D plane widgets, 3D line widgets, and 3D angle widgets are then manipulated to measure the areas, distances, and angles of interesting objects. The methodology of the proposed framework is described. Experimental results indicate the performance of the interactive 3D measurement framework.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Song, Hua Zhu, Bo Liu, and Bin Zhao. "3D Interaction Design and Implementation in Virtual Spinal Fixation Surgery System." Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (April 2011): 1943–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.1943.

Full text

Abstract:

The 3D interaction design solution and implementation with VTK and QT were proposed in the system of virtual spinal fixation surgery. After discussing the background of 3D interaction technology, the principles of the interaction design about 3D interaction used in the system was given. According to the requirement of the system, the observer pattern and command pattern were adopted. And then 3D interactive design based on 3D Widgets was given in detail, the implementation view was shown. Finally, some implementation interface and five kinds of widgets design were displayed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Schmidt, Ryan, Karan Singh, and Ravin Balakrishnan. "Sketching and Composing Widgets for 3D Manipulation." Computer Graphics Forum 27, no. 2 (April 2008): 301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2008.01127.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Berthaut, Florent, Myriam Desainte-Catherine, and Martin Hachet. "Interacting with 3D Reactive Widgets for Musical Performance." Journal of New Music Research 40, no. 3 (September 2011): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09298215.2011.602693.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Röhlig, Martin, Martin Luboschik, and Heidrun Schumann. "Visibility widgets for unveiling occluded data in 3D terrain visualization." Journal of Visual Languages & Computing 42 (October 2017): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvlc.2017.08.008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Boeck, Joan De, Chris Raymaekers, and Karin Coninx. "Exploiting Proprioception to Improve Haptic Interaction in a Virtual Environment." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 15, no. 6 (December 1, 2006): 627–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.15.6.627.

Full text

Abstract:

3D environments are designed to be intuitive and easy to use. However, when defining interaction in 3D virtual environments, suitable paradigms for accessing objects and user interface elements are often difficult to determine. Several solutions currently exist, all with their strengths and weaknesses, but due to the complexity of the human senses and technical and financial restrictions, none of them is ideal. In this paper, we describe a first step in our research investigating how 3D interaction can be improved by introducing a technique that uses proprioception together with realistic force feedback in order to more easily access objects and widgets in 3D space. In a user experiment, we also validate our newly proposed solution, and compare it to our earlier work.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Murphy, Michael P., Cameron J. Killen, Steven J. Ralles, Nicholas M. Brown, William J. Hopkinson, and Karen Wu. "A precise method for determining acetabular component anteversion after total hip arthroplasty." Bone & Joint Journal 101-B, no. 9 (September 2019): 1042–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.101b9.bjj-2019-0085.r1.

Full text

Abstract:

Aims Several radiological methods of measuring anteversion of the acetabular component after total hip arthroplasty (THA) have been described. These are limited by low reproducibility, are less accurate than CT 3D reconstruction, and are cumbersome to use. These methods also partly rely on the identification of obscured radiological borders of the component. We propose two novel methods, the Area and Orthogonal methods, which have been designed to maximize use of readily identifiable points while maintaining the same trigonometric principles. Patients and Methods A retrospective study of plain radiographs was conducted on 160 hips of 141 patients who had undergone primary THA. We compared the reliability and accuracy of the Area and Orthogonal methods with two of the current leading methods: those of Widmer and Lewinnek, respectively. Results The 160 anteroposterior pelvis films revealed that the proposed Area method was statistically different from those described by Widmer and Lewinnek (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). They gave the highest inter- and intraobserver reliability (0.992 and 0.998, respectively), and took less time (27.50 seconds (sd 3.19); p < 0.001) to complete. In addition, 21 available CT 3D reconstructions revealed the Area method achieved the highest Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r = 0.956; p < 0.001) and least statistical difference (p = 0.704) from CT with a mean within 1° of CT-3D reconstruction between ranges of 1° to 30° of measured radiological anteversion. Conclusion Our results support the proposed Area method to be the most reliable, accurate, and speedy. They did not support any statistical superiority of the proposed Orthogonal method to that of the Widmer or Lewinnek method. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1042–1049.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

El-Shahat, Adel. "3D Printing Makes Solar Power Less Expensive, Gives Wider Range." Natural Gas & Electricity 33, no. 7 (January 16, 2017): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gas.21962.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Dillavou, Ellen D., David G. Buck, Satish C. Muluk, and Michel S. Makaroun. "Two-Dimensional versus Three-Dimensional CT Scan for Aortic Measurement." Journal of Endovascular Therapy 10, no. 3 (June 2003): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152660280301000319.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose: To examine if 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of computed tomographic (CT) data, by imaging perpendicular to blood flow, can improve aortic diameter measurement accuracy over axial (2D) CT. Methods: Two independent, blinded observers used electronic calipers to measure the minor axis and the line perpendicular to it on 40 2.5-mm 2D CT scans from 31 patients. A circular electronic tool was used to estimate diameters on 3D reconstructions from the same 40 scans. Measurements of the aortic neck were obtained 5 mm below the renal arteries and the widest slice of the aneurysm was used to measure sac diameter. Only the minor axis was measured at the iliac arteries immediately above the left (LI) and right (RI) iliac bifurcations. Datasets were compared with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Bland and Altman variation assessments, and absolute differences. Results: ICC between 2D and 3D scans demonstrated high correlation with 2D minor axis measurements (neck=0.9282, sac=0.8956, RI=0.8755, LI=0.7381). 3D to 2D major axis correlation was lower (neck=0.6388, sac=0.8995). Variation between 3D and 2D minor axis measurements was low (0.51-mm average variation from the mean for the minor axis and 1.30-mm variation for the major axis). Average absolute difference between 3D and 2D diameters was 1.01 mm (minor axis) versus 2.61 mm (major axis). Interobserver correlation was highest for sac measurements both in 2D minor axis (ICC=0.8990) and 3D (ICC=0.9518). Conclusions: Minor axis measurements on axial CT scan can substitute for diameters obtained from 3D reconstructions in most clinical situations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Lebaz, S., A. L. Sorin, K. Rovira, and D. Picard. "Widgets: A new set of parametrically defined 3D objects for use in haptic and visual categorization tasks." European Review of Applied Psychology 70, no. 3 (July 2020): 100552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2020.100552.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Chalupa, Daniel, and Jan Mikulka. "A Novel Tool for Supervised Segmentation Using 3D Slicer." Symmetry 10, no. 11 (November 12, 2018): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym10110627.

Full text

Abstract:

The rather impressive extension library of medical image-processing platform 3D Slicer lacks a wide range of machine-learning toolboxes. The authors have developed such a toolbox that incorporates commonly used machine-learning libraries. The extension uses a simple graphical user interface that allows the user to preprocess data, train a classifier, and use that classifier in common medical image-classification tasks, such as tumor staging or various anatomical segmentations without a deeper knowledge of the inner workings of the classifiers. A series of experiments were carried out to showcase the capabilities of the extension and quantify the symmetry between the physical characteristics of pathological tissues and the parameters of a classifying model. These experiments also include an analysis of the impact of training vector size and feature selection on the sensitivity and specificity of all included classifiers. The results indicate that training vector size can be minimized for all classifiers. Using the data from the Brain Tumor Segmentation Challenge, Random Forest appears to have the widest range of parameters that produce sufficiently accurate segmentations, while optimal Support Vector Machines’ training parameters are concentrated in a narrow feature space.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Spindler, Martin, and Raimund Dachselt. "Die Magische Dimension: Be-Greifbare Interaktion auf und über Tabletops." i-com 11, no. 2 (August 2012): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/icom.2012.0019.

Full text

Abstract:

ZusammenfassungAktuelle technische Entwicklungen am Smartphone- und Tablet-Markt zeigen, dass die Verschmelzung von Eingabe und Ausgabe im selben Gerät zu einer direkteren und als natürlicher empfundenen Interaktion führt. Während sich ein Grossteil bisheriger Forschung der Entwicklung von Touchtechniken auf derartigen berührungsempfindlichen Displays widmet, lösen wir uns von den Beschränkungen einer interaktiven Oberfläche und erweitern den Interaktionsraum auf den physischen dreidimensionalen (3D) Raum oberhalb eines Tabletops. Mit lagebewussten, in der Hand gehaltenen Papierdisplays stellen wir einen vielversprechenden Ansatz vor, der diesen Raum nutzt. Durch die zusätzliche Verwendung der Position und Orientierung dieser Papierdisplays (be-greifbare Linsen) mit unterschiedlicher Form und Grösse können Nutzer eine sehr direkte, greifbare Interaktion mit verschiedenen Informationsräumen erleben. Der gleichzeitige Einsatz multipler Linsen unterstützt kollaboratives Arbeiten explizit. Der Artikel stellt neben grundlegenden Interaktionskonzepten auf und mit den Linsen auch konkrete Anwendungsfälle vor, diskutiert die Vor- und Nachteile aktiver und passiver Displays und erläutert den technischen Aufbau des Systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

KHARADZHYAN, N. A., I. S. ZAKARLYUKA, and Y. S. KULINKA. "FORMATION OF SOFT SKILLS AS THE MAIN COMPONENT OF A COMPETITIVE PROFESSIONAL." Scientific papers of Berdiansk State Pedagogical University Series Pedagogical sciences 1, no. 3 (December 30, 2021): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31494/2412-9208-2021-1-3-223-233.

Full text

Abstract:

A competitive specialist in any field must have both professional skills and «soft skills»: the ability to think creatively and manage time, communication skills, networking, project management, effective teamwork, personal effectiveness, management and strategic skills. There is also the concept of emotional intelligence, the ability to negotiate and be convincing (self-confident). Attention is paid to systematic thinking and assessment of risks and consequences of one's own actions, service orientation, etc. The concept of «soft skills» is quite new and little studied in Ukraine, but it is given a lot of attention by employers. The purpose of the article is to review and organize the formed views on creativity; substantiation of the ratio of soft, innovative and communicative skills and the development of the future specialist; it has been proven that creativity is a concept that develops throughout life, but function best in childhood (a period when non-standard thinking thrives). It is established that creativity (as a kind of soft skills) in combination with innovative and communicative technologies create an innovation that allows to educate a highly qualified competent specialist, ready for decisive action. It is analyzed and substantiated that the use of innovative tools (3D pen modeling) promotes the development of creativity from an early age, opens up to the person the widest possible opportunities and prospects. The process, basic rules, mistakes during modeling, intersectoral connections, as well as the need for 3D modeling for different professions are covered. 3D pen modeling becomes the basis for understanding and using 3D printing both for everyday life and for the global needs of mankind. The acquired skills and knowledge allow to become a developer on the border of different industries, both related and non-related. Therefore, intersectoral communication and understanding of different technologies come to the fore. Key words: soft skills, creativity, innovation, information and communication technologies, 3d modeling, 3d pen.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Wu Xinxue, Fang Chaolong, Li Zhihong, and Zhang Yaoju. "Simple and High-Efficiency Preparation Method of Biometric 3D Artificial Compound Eyes for Wide-Field Imaging." Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 58, no. 12 (2021): 1236001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop202158.1236001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Nelson, Jared W., Dylan Atkins, Matthew L. Gottstine, Jack Yang, Gordana Garapic, Stéphanie Jaminion, Aaron Nelson, and Katherine Wilson. "Generalized models for unidirectional anisotropic properties of 3D printed polymers." Rapid Prototyping Journal 26, no. 8 (June 30, 2020): 1453–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-03-2019-0083.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically determine general models and methods for yield strength and modulus at different print orientations adequate for design purposes associated with typical fused deposition modeled (FDM) components/parts. Emphasis was placed on characterizing the impacts of anisotropy and resulting trends independent of material toward developing a method that matched the level of engineering required for current limited structural capabilities of FDM. Design/methodology/approach Tensile tests were performed with a range of unidirectional filament orientations of three different materials allowing for determination of the generalized models, which are then compared to previous findings of others. Findings Though anisotropic trends were similar to previous findings, minimum yield strength was found to be associated with filaments 75° from the loading direction resulting in a sinusoidal generalization. Modulus was found to be best approximated with an exponential decay. Resulting models allow for determination of yield strength and modulus in any orientation of FDM-printed material based on minimal testing. Originality/value This study is the widest range of angles and materials to be tested and analyzed for unidirectional FDM allowing for new trends to be identified. In line with the level of engineering required for most FDM components/parts, the resulting generalized models allow for determination of yield strength and modulus with less computation and minimal testing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Pirrone, Roberto, Giuseppe Russo, Vincenzo Cannella, and Daniele Peri. "GAIML: A New Language for Verbal and Graphical Interaction in Chatbots." Mobile Information Systems 4, no. 3 (2008): 195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/636924.

Full text

Abstract:

Natural and intuitive interaction between users and complex systems is a crucial research topic in human-computer interaction. A major direction is the definition and implementation of systems with natural language understanding capabilities. The interaction in natural language is often performed by means of systems called chatbots. A chatbot is a conversational agent with a proper knowledge base able to interact with users. Chatbots appearance can be very sophisticated with 3D avatars and speech processing modules. However the interaction between the system and the user is only performed through textual areas for inputs and replies. An interaction able to add to natural language also graphical widgets could be more effective. On the other side, a graphical interaction involving also the natural language can increase the comfort of the user instead of using only graphical widgets. In many applications multi-modal communication must be preferred when the user and the system have a tight and complex interaction. Typical examples are cultural heritages applications (intelligent museum guides, picture browsing) or systems providing the user with integrated information taken from different and heterogenous sources as in the case of the iGoogle™ interface. We propose to mix the two modalities (verbal and graphical) to build systems with a reconfigurable interface, which is able to change with respect to the particular application context. The result of this proposal is the Graphical Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (GAIML) an extension of AIML allowing merging both interaction modalities. In this context a suitable chatbot system called Graphbot is presented to support this language. With this language is possible to define personalized interface patterns that are the most suitable ones in relation to the data types exchanged between the user and the system according to the context of the dialogue.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Kimura, Toshiyuki, Véronique L. Roger, Nozomi Watanabe, Sergio Barros-Gomes, Yan Topilsky, Shun Nishino, Yoshisato Shibata, and Maurice Enriquez-Sarano. "The unique mechanism of functional mitral regurgitation in acute myocardial infarction: a prospective dynamic 4D quantitative echocardiographic study." European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging 20, no. 4 (December 4, 2018): 396–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jey177.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Aims Mechanisms of chronic ischaemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) are well-characterized by apically tethered leaflet caused by papillary muscles (PMs) displacement and adynamic mitral apparatus. We investigated the unique geometry and dynamics of the mitral apparatus in first acute myocardial infarction (MI) by using quantified 3D echocardiography. Methods and results We prospectively performed 3D echocardiography 2.3 ± 1.8 days after first MI, in 174 matched patients with (n = 87) and without IMR (n = 87). 3D echocardiography of left ventricular (LV) volumes and of mitral apparatus dynamics throughout cardiac cycle was quantified. Similar mitral quantification was obtained at chronic post-MI stage (n = 44). Mechanistically, acute IMR was associated with larger and flatter annulus (area 9.29 ± 1.74 cm2 vs. 8.57 ± 1.94 cm2, P = 0.002, saddle shape 12.7 ± 4.5% vs. 15.0 ± 4.6%, P = 0.001), and larger tenting (length 6.36 ± 1.78 mm vs. 5.60 ± 1.55 mm, P = 0.003) but vs. chronic MI, mitral apparatus displayed smaller alterations (all P < 0.01) and annular size, PM movement remained dynamic (all P < 0.01). Specific to acute IMR, without PM apical displacement (P > 0.70), greater separation (21.7 ± 4.9 mm vs. 20.0 ± 3.4 mm, P = 0.01), and widest angulation of PM (38.4 ± 6.2° for moderate vs. 33.5 ± 7.3° for mild vs. 31.4 ± 6.3° for no-IMR, P = 0.0009) wider vs. chronic MI (P < 0.01). Conclusions 3D echocardiography of patients with first MI provides insights into unique 4D dynamics of the mitral apparatus in acute IMR. Mitral apparatus remained dynamic in acute MI and distinct IMR mechanism in acute MI is not PM displacement seen in chronic IMR but separation and excess angulation of PM deforming the mitral valve, probably because of sudden-onset regional wall motion abnormality without apparent global LV remodelling. This specific mechanism should be considered in novel therapeutic strategies for IMR complicating acute MI.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Lynett, Patrick J., David Swigler, Sangyoung Son, Duncan Bryant, and Scott Socolofsky. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SOLITARY WAVE EVOLUTION OVER A 3D SHALLOW SHELF." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (February 2, 2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.currents.1.

Full text

Abstract:

A laboratory experiment was performed to investigate the three-dimensional turbulence and kinematic properties that develop due to a breaking solitary propagating over an irregular shallow water bathymetry. The bathymetry consisted of a deep water region connected to a shallow shelf via a relatively steep slope. The offshore boundary of the shelf break varied in the longshore direction, such that the shelf had a triangular shape in plan view, with the widest part of the shelf along the basin centerline. Free surface elevations and fluid velocities were measured using wave gauges and three-dimensional acoustic-Doppler velocimeters (ADVs), respectively. From the free surface elevations the evolution and runup of the wave was revealed; while from the ADVs, the velocity and turbulent energy was determined and specific turbulent events and coherent structures were identified. It was found that significant shoaling was confined to areas with gentler sloping bathymetry near the basin side walls and the runup varied weakly in the alongshore direction. The runup was characterized by a refraction-generated jetting mechanism caused by the convergence of water mass near the basin centerline. The jetting mechanism caused the greatest cross-shore velocities to be located near the basin centerline. The greatest turbulent events were well correlated to borefronts, of which there were four, caused by the leading wave, beach reflections, and shelf-trapped oscillations. Along the shelf break, a large, shallow-water eddy developed which was found to have a peculiar three-dimensional flow field, where maximum velocity components were found at mid-depth.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Chechina, A., N. Churbanova, A. Garibyan, and M. Trapeznikova. "Digital Training Platform for Comprehensive Traffic Simulation." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 17, no. 13 (December 6, 2021): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v17i13.27375.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper deals with the development of software for traffic flow simulation combining the widest spectrum of mathematical approaches used in this field. Macro- and microscopic models, models of cellular automata as well as different numerical methods of their computer implementation are incorporated into a digital platform. Original developments of the authors of the paper such as quasi-gas dynamic traffic model and multilane cellular automata model take the main place. Potential users of the software are students and researchers. The platform possesses an intuitive graphical interface ensuring interactivity. Microsoft Visual Studio with C# is chosen as the development environment, the Unity 3D engine is employed for visualization and collaboration with WinForm projects. In the future, the platform can be transformed into a network computer laboratory providing access to information resources via Internet.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Frank, J., B. F. McEwen, M. Radermacher, and C. L. Rieder. "Methods for three-dimensional reconstruction of cellular components within a thick section." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 44 (August 1986): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100141871.

Full text

Abstract:

The tomographic reconstruction from multiple projections of cellular components, within a thick section, offers a way of visualizing and quantifying their three-dimensional (3D) structure. However, asymmetric objects require as many views from the widest tilt range as possible; otherwise the reconstruction may be uninterpretable. Even if not for geometric obstructions, the increasing pathway of electrons, as the tilt angle is increased, poses the ultimate upper limitation to the projection range. With the maximum tilt angle being fixed, the only way to improve the faithfulness of the reconstruction is by changing the mode of the tilting from single-axis to conical; a point within the object projected with a tilt angle of 60° and a full 360° azimuthal range is then reconstructed as a slightly elliptic (axis ratio 1.2 : 1) sphere.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Cehák, Vojtěch. "Digitization of Physical Models of Rural Architecture." Stavební obzor - Civil Engineering Journal 31, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 601–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/cej.2022.04.0045.

Full text

Abstract:

Working with objects in digital spatial form is gradually becoming a standard in many fields. In addition to the advantage of easier object manipulation, digital representation can also be used for presentation purposes or better cataloging. In the case of objects from museum collections, it can serve as a basis for restoration or for conducting deeper research into detailed structures. The method of photogrammetry allows 3D modelling of real objects without physical contact with them, while at the same time making use of affordable equipment. However, the disadvantage of this method is the size of the output data (even hundreds of megabytes), which can be a barrier to easy web sharing. This paper presents an efficient workflow for the 3D digitization of smaller physical objects and the subsequent process of generalizing the resulting triangular model to reduce the data volume. Finally, the model generalization is utilized when publishing the model in a web environment to make it available to the widest possible range of users. The whole procedure is applied to a physical model of a cottage from the village of Orlová (Karviná district, Czechia) from the collection of the Czech National Museum (scale reduction of a vernacular building at a scale of approximately 1:20).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Holvast, Emma J., and Daniel B. Thomas. "Taxonomic classification of seabird long bones using 3D shape: A method with wider potential in zooarchaeology." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 45 (October 2022): 103641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2022.103641.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Ion, Rodica-Mariana, Sofia Teodorescu, Ioan Alin Bucurică, Mihaela-Lucia Ion, and Daniela Turcanu- Caruţiu. "Restoration and Preservation of Cultural Heritage Monuments." Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage 6 (September 30, 2016): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/dipp.2016.6.10.

Full text

Abstract:

In the light of the recent concerns in the assessment of the new conservation treatments and of the development and application of methodologies, technologies, models and tools for CH damage assessment, this paper will deal with some innovative topics related to the digital models for protecting cultural heritage assets in front of various damages. Application of new technologies and digitalization of Basarabi monument is a preventive measure, helping us to build a virtual reconstructions as model for its potential reconstruction and preserving, to give access for the widest possible audience. It will be discussed the new technologies, as the non-destructive diagnosis technologies for the safe conservation a this historic, cultural and architectural – Basarabi churches. For the micro-climatic measurements, a number of sensors have been well distributed inside and outside and a diagram of humidity an temperature is evaluated. The practical examples of restoration and preservation and innovative solutions for the consolidation of this architectural monument, in relation with digitalization (by on-site and remotely data collection, virtual reality and documentation of the heritage). For a digital image of this monument, both a 3D laser scanner and some common digital photos are used, in order to obtain the 3D model of the church, and of the envelope of the church that should be applied over it to stop the seriously damage processes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Shi, Qiang, Hanping Mao, and Xianping Guan. "Numerical Simulation and Experimental Verification of the Deposition Concentration of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 35, no. 3 (2019): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.13221.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. To analyze the droplet deposition under the influence of the flow field of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a hand-held three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner was used to scan 3D images of the UAV. Fluent software was used to simulate the motion characteristics of droplets and flow fields under the conditions of a flight speed of 3 m/s and an altitude of 1.5 m. The results indicated that the ground deposition concentration in the nonrotor flow field was high, the spray field width was 2.6 m, and the droplet deposition concentration was 50 to 200 ug/cm2. Under the influence of the rotor flow field, the widest deposition range of droplets reached 12.8 m. Notably, the droplet deposition uniformity worsened, and the concentration range of the droplet deposition was 0 to 500 ug/cm2. With the downward development of the downwash flow field, the overall velocity of the flow field gradually decreased, and the influence interval of the flow field gradually expanded. In this article, the droplet concentration was verified under simulated working conditions by a field experiment, thereby demonstrating the reliability of the numerical simulation results. This research could provide a basis for determining optimal UAV operating parameters, reducing the drift of droplets and increasing the utilization rate of pesticides. Keywords: Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), Aerial application, Downwash flow field, Droplet deposition, Simulation analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Di Luzio, Giovanni, Luigi Cedolin, and Carlo Beltrami. "Tridimensional Long-Term Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Rate-Type Creep Approach." Applied Sciences 10, no. 14 (July 11, 2020): 4772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10144772.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents a general procedure for a rate-type creep analysis (based on the use of the continuous retardation spectrum) which avoids the need of recalculating the Kelvin chain stiffness elements at each time step. In this procedure are incorporated three different creep constitutive relations, two recommended by national codes such as the ACI (North-American) and EC2 (European) building codes and one by the RILEM research association. The approximate expressions of the different creep functions with the corresponding Dirichlet series are generated using the continuous retardation spectrum approach based on the Post–Widder formula. The proposed rate-type formulation is implemented into a 3D finite element code and applied to study the long-term deflections of a prestressed concrete bridge built in Romania, which crosses a wide artificial channel that connects the Danube river to the port of Constanta in the Black Sea.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Chen, Yiping, Zhipeng Luo, Wen Li, Haojia Lin, Abdul Nurunnabi, Yaojin Lin, Cheng Wang, Xiao-Ping Zhang, and Jonathan Li. "WGNet: Wider graph convolution networks for 3D point cloud classification with local dilated connecting and context-aware." International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 110 (June 2022): 102786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2022.102786.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Wu, Hanxiao, Zhi Tao, Haiwang Li, Tiantong Xu, Wenbin Wang, Jiamian Sun, Wensong Xiao, and Hanqing Li. "A micro-electromagnetic vibration energy harvester with higher power density and wider bandwidth utilizing 3D MEMS coils." Applied Physics Letters 119, no. 21 (November 22, 2021): 213904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0067141.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Nam, Kihoon, Chanyang Park, Jun-Sik Yoon, Hyeok Yun, Hyundong Jang, Kyeongrae Cho, Ho-Jung Kang, et al. "Optimal Energetic-Trap Distribution of Nano-Scaled Charge Trap Nitride for Wider Vth Window in 3D NAND Flash Using a Machine-Learning Method." Nanomaterials 12, no. 11 (May 25, 2022): 1808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12111808.

Full text

Abstract:

A machine-learning (ML) technique was used to optimize the energetic-trap distributions of nano-scaled charge trap nitride (CTN) in 3D NAND Flash to widen the threshold voltage (Vth) window, which is crucial for NAND operation. The energetic-trap distribution is a critical material property of the CTN that affects the Vth window between the erase and program Vth. An artificial neural network (ANN) was used to model the relationship between the energetic-trap distributions as an input parameter and the Vth window as an output parameter. A well-trained ANN was used with the gradient-descent method to determine the specific inputs that maximize the outputs. The trap densities (NTD and NTA) and their standard deviations (σTD and σTA) were found to most strongly impact the Vth window. As they increased, the Vth window increased because of the availability of a larger number of trap sites. Finally, when the ML-optimized energetic-trap distributions were simulated, the Vth window increased by 49% compared with the experimental value under the same bias condition. Therefore, the developed ML technique can be applied to optimize cell transistor processes by determining the material properties of the CTN in 3D NAND Flash.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

D'Alessandro, Luca, Bichoy Bahr, Luca Daniel, Dana Weinstein, and Raffaele Ardito. "Shape optimization of solid–air porous phononic crystal slabs with widest full 3D bandgap for in-plane acoustic waves." Journal of Computational Physics 344 (September 2017): 465–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2017.05.018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Sun, Yu, and Yuguo Sun. "Strong and Thermostable Boron-Containing Phenolic Resin-Derived Carbon Modified Three-Dimensional Needled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Silicon Oxycarbide Composites with Tunable High-Performance Microwave Absorption Properties." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (March 11, 2020): 1924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10061924.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper focuses on the preparation of boron-containing phenolic resin (BPR)-derived carbon modified three-dimensional (3D) needled carbon fiber reinforced silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) composites through a simple precursor infiltration and pyrolysis process (PIP), and the influence of PIP cycle numbers on the microstructure, mechanical, high-temperature oxidation resistance. The electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption properties of the composites were investigated for the first time. The pyrolysis temperature played an important role in the structural evolution of the SiOC precursor, as temperatures above 1400 °C would cause phase separation of the SiOC and the formation of silicon carbide (SiC), silica (SiO2), and carbon. The density and compressive strength of the composites increased as the PIP cycle number increased: the value for the sample with 3 PIP cycles was 0.77 g/cm3, 7.18 ± 1.92 MPa in XY direction and 9.01 ± 1.25 MPa in Z direction, respectively. This composite presented excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance and thermal stability properties with weight retention above 95% up to 1000 °C both under air and Ar atmosphere. The minimal reflection loss (RLmin) value and the widest effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) value of as-prepared composites was −24.31 dB and 4.9 GHz under the optimization condition for the sample with 3 PIP cycles. The above results indicate that our BPR-derived carbon modified 3D needled carbon fiber reinforced SiOC composites could be considered as a promising material for practical applications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Gauci, Marc-Olivier, Adrien Jacquot, François Boux de Casson, Pierric Deransart, Hoël Letissier, and Julien Berhouet. "Glenoid Inclination: Choosing the Transverse Axis Is Critical—A 3D Automated versus Manually Measured Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 20 (October 13, 2022): 6050. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11206050.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the variation in measured glenoid inclination measurements between each of the most used methods for measuring the scapular transverse axis with computed tomography (CT) scans, and to investigate the underlying causes that explain the differences. Methods: The glenoid center, trigonum and supraspinatus fossa were identified manually by four expert shoulder surgeons on 82 scapulae CT-scans. The transverse axis was generated either from the identified landmarks (Glenoid-Trigonum line (GT-line), Best-Fit Line Fossa (BFLF)) or by an automatic software (Y-axis). An assessment of the interobserver reliability was performed. We compared the measured glenoid inclination when modifying the transverse axis to assess its impact. Results: Glenoid inclination remained stable between 6.3 and 8.5°. The variations occurred significantly when changing the method that determined the transverse axis with a mean biase from −1.7 (BFLF vs. Y-axis) to 0.6 (BFLF vs. GT-line). The Y-axis method showed higher stability to the inclination variation (p = 0.030). 9% of cases presented more than 5° of discrepancies between the methods. The manual methods presented a lower ICC (BFLF = 0.96, GT-line = 0.87) with the widest dispersion. Conclusion: Methods that determine the scapular transverse axis could have a critical impact on the measurement of the glenoid inclination. Despite an overall good concordance, around 10% of cases may provide high discrepancies (≥5°) between the methods with a possible impact on surgeon clinical choice. Trigonum should be used with caution as its anatomy is highly variable and more than two single points provide a better interrater concordance. The Y-axis is the most stable referential for the glenoid inclination.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Pilch, Szymon. "Społeczne wzory konsumpcji a orientacje aksjologiczne pracowników wrocławskiego sektora kultury i produkcji gier wideo w świetle badań własnych." Forum Socjologiczne 9 (April 17, 2019): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2083-7763.9.4.

Full text

Abstract:

Social consumption patterns and the axiological system of Wroclaw’s producers of culture and video games: The context of empirical research The discussion regarding the research on social values remains valid ever since the beginning of sociology as a science. Although the category itself has a flawed analytical nature, it is still regarded as one of the most effective tools in empirical research. The aim of the article is to focus on the relation binding together the structural placement of the workers employed in the culture and video game economy; the foundation of the worker’s axiological system and the social consumption patterns followed by the producers. During the research, three social patterns have been discovered: the “intellectual” pattern manifested by the cultural workers, the “practical” one displayed by the game developers, and a mix of the aforementioned ones — demonstrated by the 3D graphics engineers

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Unda, Andrés G. R., Vanessa F. C. Lin, and Geralda Cristina Durães De Godoy. "Metodologia para a aplicação da análise topográfica ao estudo de processos de superfície." Matéria (Rio de Janeiro) 12, no. 4 (December 2007): 589–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-70762007000400007.

Full text

Abstract:

A deposição de recobrimentos em uma superfície visa a melhoria de determinadas propriedades do material tais como as propriedades químicas e tribológicas. O desgaste pode ser minimizado seja pelo aumento da dureza da superfície seja pela diminuição da adesão entre as superfícies. Atualmente, ferramentas de corte são recobertas com TiN, TiCN e (TiAl)N, através de processos de deposição física a vapor, com o objetivo de aumentar a sua vida útil. Estes recobrimentos são caracterizados por uma alta dureza, excelente aderência, baixa porosidade, alta estabilidade química e térmica, entre outras características. As ferramentas de corte estão sujeitas a processos de degradação também por oxidação e corrosão. Nestes processos, a rugosidade da superfície tem um papel fundamental. O trabalho em questão objetiva o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia para aplicação de análise topográfica tridimensional (3D) ao estudo de processos de oxidação de recobrimentos e de superfícies. Neste estudo, realizou-se a oxidação do conjugado widea / nitreto de titânio e alumínio na faixa de temperaturas de 650ºC a 800ºC, para tempos de até 120 minutos. As amostras foram analisadas por perfilometria antes e após a oxidação. O resultado principal deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia de análise topográfica 3D, que pode ser aplicada ao estudo da superfície de materiais. A caracterização mais detalhada da topografia da superfície, usando-se diversos parâmetros além da medida usual de rugosidade, é de fundamental importância para a elucidação dos mecanismos atuantes nos processos de oxidação e corrosão dos materiais.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Lee, JongKi, Shin-Hoon Lee, Jong-Rak Hong, Kee-Yeon Kum, Soram Oh, Adel Saeed Al-Ghamdi, Fawzi Ali Al-Ghamdi, Ayman Omar Mandorah, Ji-Hyun Jang, and Seok Woo Chang. "Three-Dimensional Analysis of Root Anatomy and Root Canal Curvature in Mandibular Incisors Using Micro-Computed Tomography with Novel Software." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 26, 2020): 4385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124385.

Full text

Abstract:

Root canal treatment of mandibular incisor is difficult because of the narrow pulp space and apical curvature. The aim of this study was to measure the anatomical indicators of the mandibular incisors in Koreans using micro-computed tomography (MCT) with novel software (Kappa 2). The MCT-scanned data from 27 mandibular incisors were reconstructed and analyzed. For each canal, 3-dimensional (3D) surface models were re-sliced at 0.1 mm intervals perpendicular to the central axis of the root canal. Root canal width, dentine thickness, and direction and degree of root canal curvatures were measured automatically on each slice. Measurements were analyzed statistically with Bhapkar test, Friedman test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Labial and lingual dentine thicknesses were significantly larger than mesial and distal thicknesses (p < 0.001). The thinnest dentine was mainly located on the mesio-lingual side of the canals in the apical third. The mean narrowest and widest canal width in the apical sixth were 0.22 mm and 0.40 mm, respectively. The canal curvature abruptly increased in the apical 0.5-mm portion. MCT with novel software provided useful anatomical information for root canal instrumentation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Chiarenza, S., A. R. D. Accardi, and R. Inglisa. "TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION AND NEW PRESENTATION STRATEGIES FOR VIRTUAL MUSEUM EXHIBITIONS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W15 (August 21, 2019): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w15-311-2019.

Full text

Abstract:

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In recent years, the theme of museums and virtual exhibitions has been the subject of a wide debate and a significant number of researches and experiments. In a vast and articulated framework of experiences, this article intends to highlight new strategies related to the creation of digital museum paths based on a multidisciplinary approach. The research presented here intends to create a protocol for the construction of digital museums based on the definition of an ontology capable of integrating digital elaborations of 3D virtual models and exhibition projects with semantic relationships. The experimentation conducted has considered, in particular, some issues concerning drawn architectures. Thanks to a rigorous methodological approach and the use of new technologies for virtual and augmented reality, it has been possible to build a tool that allows improving the knowledge of the cultural heritage investigated through the customizable structuring of virtual exhibitions. It is a tool that, thanks to its flexibility and precision, can satisfy the widest user target, ranging from experts (professionals, designers, historians, researchers, etc.) to simple visitors (tourists, enthusiasts, etc.).</p>

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Vella, Christopher, Simon Paul Borg, and Daniel Micallef. "The Effect of Shank-Space on the Thermal Performance of Shallow Vertical U-Tube Ground Heat Exchangers." Energies 13, no. 3 (January 29, 2020): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030602.

Full text

Abstract:

One parameter that may affect the performance of a ground source heat pump is the shank-space, the center-to-center distance between the two branches of a vertical U-tube used in a ground heat exchanger. A 3D steady-state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a U-tube ground heat exchanger was used to investigate the influence of varying shank-space on the thermal performance of two isolated vertical shallow U-tubes, one 20 m deep and the other 40 m deep, given that most existing research focuses on systems making use of deeper boreholes. The models adopt an innovative approach, whereby the U-junction at the bottom of the U-tube is eliminated, thus facilitating the computational process. The results obtained show that, although the temperature drop across the U-tube varies for different shank-spaces and is lowest and highest for the closest and the widest shank-spaces, respectively, this temperature drop is not linear with increases in shank-space, and the thermal performance improvement drastically diminishes with increasing shank-space. This indicates that, for shallow U-tubes, the temperature drop is more dependent on the length of the pipework.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Kampolis, Isidoros, Stavros Triantafyllidis, Vasilios Skliros, and Evangelos Kamperis. "Quaternary Evolutionary Stages of Selinitsa Cave (SW Peloponnese, Greece) Reveal Sea-Level Changes Based on 3D Scanning, Geomorphological, Biological, and Sedimentological Indicators." Quaternary 5, no. 2 (April 16, 2022): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat5020024.

Full text

Abstract:

Significant evolutionary stages of Selinitsa Cave (SW Peloponnese, Greece) were revealed by 3D mapping, as well as geomorphological study of the cave and the nearby landscape. Four marine terraces were identified in the area of the coastal cave at 6, 10.7, 16.6, and 30–32 m above sea level (asl), with the terrace at 16.6 m representing Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5. The widest karstified space of Selinitsa Cave clusters between 15.73 and 18.05 m above sea level (asl), with the peak lying at 16.4 m asl, corresponding to the level where the phreatic/epiphreatic zone was stable for a sufficient period of time. A tidal notch at 16.4 m asl at the cave entrance is correlated to the marine terrace at 16.6 m. Both features correspond to the sea-level stand at which intense karstification occurred. The tidal notch bears a horizontal arrangement of Lithophaga borings at the vertex. Sedimentological investigation of the Selinitsa fine-grained deposit revealed the paleohydrologic regime of the cave. It is characterized by “slack-water” facies, indicating very low water flow speeds, whereas the thickness of the deposit points to stable hydrological conditions for prolonged periods. The cave sediment height of 18.8 m asl indicates a flooding level higher than sea level. The overlying Plattenkalk flysch is most probably the major source of detritus, and the predominance of authigenic dolomite (>98% modal in the carbonate fraction) indicates a hyposaline environment related to mixing of sea water with percolating fresh water. The approach of this study shows the significance of 3D mapping, bio-geo-Relative Sea Level (RSL) indicators, and sedimentology in deciphering the paleogeographic evolution of coastal karstic systems and subsequently defining the paleoclimate regime of coastal areas in Greece and the eastern Mediterranean during the Late Quaternary.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Sun, Chengyi, Shuyuan Li, Mingjie Zhu, Fahim Choudhury, Mark S. Myerson, and Ming-Zhu Zhang. "Three-Dimensional Measurements of the Sinus Tarsi and Tarsal Canal in Pediatric Flexible Flatfeet using Weightbearing CT Scans." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, no. 4 (October 2022): 2473011421S0095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00959.

Full text

Abstract:

Category: Hindfoot; Other Introduction/Purpose: When the hindfoot is in varus the tarsal canal becomes visible on a lateral Xray (XR) and has been referred to as a 'target sign'. However, the sinus tarsi (ST) and tarsal canal (TC) are not easily visible radiographically when associated with a flatfoot. The dimensions of both the ST and TC in normal and flatfeet are unknown, but if understood, could help with the design and implantation of an arthroereisis, a commonly performed procedure for correction of pediatric flatfoot deformity. Knowing the size of the TC will also reduce postoperative complications of arthroereisis such as stiffness, resulting from too large an implant. The aim of this study was to take three-dimensional (3D) measurements of the TC in pediatric flatfeet under weightbearing (WB) conditions. Methods: This was a prospective IRB approved study in pediatric patients with flexible flatfeet and asymptomatic children without flatfeet who were reviewed and analyzed. Using 3D computer-aided design (CAD) models from weightbearing CT (WBCT) scans, the following parameters were measured: the widest diameter of the posteromedial tarsal canal (WDPTC), the narrowest supero- inferior diameter of the tarsal canal (NSDTC), the length of the tarsal sinus, (LTS), the length of the tarsal canal (LTC) and the tarsal sinus and canal volume (TSCV). Correlations between patient age, Meary's angle, foot and ankle offset (FAO), and each of the above measured parameters were investigated. Both weight bearing and non-weight bearing CT scans were used for study to investigate the effect of bearing weight on the above-mentioned parameters. (Figures 1, 2). Results: Twenty-two children with flexible flatfeet (age range 9-14) and fourteen children with no foot deformity (age 9-15) were included for study. With the WBCT the TSCV decreased by 20% in comparison with non-weightbearing evaluation. The TSCV, the widest diameter of the anterolateral tarsal sinus (WDATS) and LTC decreased in flatfeet both under WB and NWB conditions compared with the control group. A positive linear correlation was found between the TSCV and patient age (r = 0.7307, P < 0.0001), while negative linear correlations were found between the TSCV and FAO (r = -0.5188, P < 0.0001) and Meary's angle (r = -0.3132, P = 0.0019). The tarsal sinus and tarsal canal volume significantly decreased in the flatfoot group during weight bearing, while the volume of the tarsal canal remained unchanged. Older age was not associated with either a wider tarsal canal or its orientation. Conclusion: Although the tarsal sinus and canal volume was positively associated with patient age, there was a negative correlation with both the FAO and Meary's angle. These findings may be very relevant in future study of the subtalar joint in both children and adults, and clearly have an implication for treatment of the pediatric flatfoot with arthroereisis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Romics, I. "Ultrasound guided biopsy, a gold standard diagnostical test of the prostate cancer." Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica 52, no. 4 (2005): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aci0504023r.

Full text

Abstract:

The author discusses preparations for ultrasound guided prostate biopsy, its technique conditions and the process of performing a biopsy. Every author proposes the use of preoperative antibiotics based prophylaxis. Differences may be found in the type, dosage and the time span of preoperative application. For anesthesia mostly lidocaine was proposed, which may be a gel applied in the rectum or used in the form a prostate infiltrate. The widest debate goes on in respect of defining the number of biopsies needed. Recently 8 or rather 10 samples are proposed to be taken. Twelve biopsies do offer an advantage compared to 6 although in case of 8 this isn?t so. According to the site of sample taking the apex, the base and the middle part are proposed. In case of a palpable nodule or any lesion, made visible by TRUS an additional, targeted, biopsy has to be performed. Certain new techniques like the 3D Doppler, contrast, intermittent and others shall also be presented. A repeated biopsy shall be necessary in case of PIN atypia, beyond that the author also discusses other indications for a repeated biopsy. We may expect the occurrence of direct postoperative complications and it is necessary to know how to treat these.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Shen, Xiaomeng, Shichen Shen, Jun Li, Qiang Hu, Lei Nie, Chengjian Tu, Xue Wang, et al. "IonStar enables high-precision, low-missing-data proteomics quantification in large biological cohorts." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 21 (May 9, 2018): E4767—E4776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1800541115.

Full text

Abstract:

Reproducible quantification of large biological cohorts is critical for clinical/pharmaceutical proteomics yet remains challenging because most prevalent methods suffer from drastically declined commonly quantified proteins and substantially deteriorated quantitative quality as cohort size expands. MS2-based data-independent acquisition approaches represent tremendous advancements in reproducible protein measurement, but often with limited depth. We developed IonStar, an MS1-based quantitative approach enabling in-depth, high-quality quantification of large cohorts by combining efficient/reproducible experimental procedures with unique data-processing components, such as efficient 3D chromatographic alignment, sensitive and selective direct ion current extraction, and stringent postfeature generation quality control. Compared with several popular label-free methods, IonStar exhibited far lower missing data (0.1%), superior quantitative accuracy/precision [∼5% intragroup coefficient of variation (CV)], the widest protein abundance range, and the highest sensitivity/specificity for identifying protein changes (<5% false altered-protein discovery) in a benchmark sample set (n = 20). We demonstrated the usage of IonStar by a large-scale investigation of traumatic injuries and pharmacological treatments in rat brains (n = 100), quantifying >7,000 unique protein groups (>99.8% without missing data across the 100 samples) with a low false discovery rate (FDR), two or more unique peptides per protein, and high quantitative precision. IonStar represents a reliable and robust solution for precise and reproducible protein measurement in large cohorts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Chombar, J., A. Heintz, and J. Constans. "P14.100 Measurements of glioblastoma response to recurrence using spectroscopic measurements and MRI volumetry." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_3 (August 2019): iii91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz126.335.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is the most aggressive and common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. The prognosis of patients with glioblastoma remains poor with a median life expectancy of 15 to 17 months and a survival rate of 5% at five years.Spectroscopy is becoming more and more used and the ratios studied allow in some cases a better prediction, at the recurrence, of the survival between certain ratios such as: Cho / Cr, NAA / Cr, Lac / Cr. Being able to combine all these ratios can allow us to obtain an additional survival index to take into account.This is why our study assesses whether MRS is coupled with volume, it is predictive of survival of the patient at 7 months. MATERIAL AND METHODS Population: 30 Patients with glioblastoma treated with the STUPP protocol with and without bevacizumab at recurrence over a period of 36 months. Patients divided into three different groups depending on the type of resection (subtotal (20), partial (13), and biopsy (7)).MRI sequences every 2 months on MRI 3T and 1.5T. Sequences we used: diffusion, T2, T2 *, FLAIR, 3D FLAIR, 3D T1 with gadolinium injection; also monovoxel spectroscopy (TE at 35 and 144 ms, sometimes 288 ms). The volume variations (calculated by Aw.Server and ITK) are evaluated according to the RANO criteria.The MRS ratios (calculated by jMRUI) were clinically used are Cho / Cr (tumor proliferation), NAA / Cr (infiltration) and Lac / Cr (glycolytic metabolism). Longitudinal analyzes of volumes and ratios. RESULTS 30 patients included in this study. The analysis of the results is that proliferation and / or glycolytic metabolism are more informative and predictive when there is absence of contrast enhancement, hyperperfusion or large volume variation. The global index (choline + lactate / NAA) could be a relevant criterion of judgment to better study the aggressiveness of the tumor and better predict the evolution of tumor volumes and survival. Intra-inter-operator differences on 2 segmentation software. CONCLUSION The study shows us and confirms that the widest possible resection is to favor. Spectroscopy ratios vary earlier than the volumetry and give more information on the tumor processes and is sometimes predictive of survival.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Li, Zhengxue, Yong Ma, Chengbo Li, Charles C. Mosher, Jun Ming, Xiaofen Ma, Lei Liu, et al. "Imaging through gas clouds: The application of CSI and FWI in Bohai, China." Leading Edge 40, no. 5 (May 2021): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle40050365.1.

Full text

Abstract:

Oil field A, situated in Bohai Bay, was discovered in 1999 and has been developed as one of the most productive oil assets in China. It continues to hold significant growth potential for the future. Though the field contains a large amount of resources remaining to be developed, seismic imaging has been challenging in area 5, resulting in structural uncertainty for reservoir interpretation and well planning. In the past three decades, several 2D and 3D seismic surveys have been acquired, processed, and reprocessed in this area. However, due to the existence of complicated gas clouds, which are shallow, multilayered, and extensive, obscured sub-gas-cloud images appear in all legacy seismic results, making fault interpretation under the gas clouds almost impossible. To improve the sub-gas-cloud image and overall structural interpretability, a narrow-azimuth full-field ocean-bottom cable (OBC) acquisition was conducted in field A during 2018 and 2019, and later, a compressive seismic imaging (CSI)-based full-azimuth and large-offset OBC infill survey was acquired in area 5, covering the widest gas cloud. Through high-fidelity signal processing, full-waveform inversion (FWI)-driven velocity model building, and imaging using both Kirchhoff migration and reverse time migration (RTM), the seismic image quality beneath complicated gas clouds is improved significantly. It is the first time that sub-gas-cloud faults and the Base of Guantao event have been imaged by seismic without significant dim zones. CSI acquisition, FWI, and RTM are the key elements to resolve gas-cloud-related challenges in area 5.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Li, Z. Y., Y. Gu, and R. Zhang. "TOWARD A WIDER AUDIENCE, SYSTEMATIC APPROACH OF REINTERPRETATION AND REPRESENTATION OF THE EAST MAIN HALL OF FOGUANG TEMPLE BASED ON DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION AND 3D VISUALIZATION TECHNIQUES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (August 28, 2021): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-395-2021.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Rebuilt in 857 AD, the East Main Hall of Foguang Temple is the highest ranking wooden architecture to survive from the Tang Dynasty, and is regarded as a rare cultural and architectural gem of China and of the world at large1. Since its rediscovery in 1937, extensive research on the East Main Hall of Foguang Temple has been conducted, mostly about its high values and methods applicable to its conservation and management, while less attention is given to its interpretation and representation, especially to the public audiences.Based on continued digital documentation and study of the East Main Hall of Foguang Temple by Tsinghua Univeristy and Beijing Guowenyan Cultural Heritage Conservation Center over the past 16 years, this paper is a comprehensive overview of the ongoing systematic attempt to leverage digital documentation and acquired research results as content and tool for heritage interpretation and presentation. The works involved include translation of digital survey and documentation of the wooden structure, colored statues and murals of Foguang Temple as content in three approaches: the first approach is the development of an on-site digital display system for Foguang Temple; the second approach involves the planning and designing of a large-scale interactive museum exhibition; the third approach, which wraps up the whole system into a public-centered storytelling experience, involves an ongoing animation series on air at multiple social media platforms that tells unknown stories about Foguang Temple. All three approaches are intended at developing emotional connections between the public and the cultural heritage through reinterpretation and representation, with the aim of making heritage dissemination more dialogical and sustainable by bringing history to life.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Oh, Yuna, Mario E. Lacouture, Mehta Paras, Nicholas Kurtansky, Jeffrey Kern, Donald Y. M. Leung, Sarah J. Noor, and Veronica Rotemberg. "Quantifying the clinical severity of immune-related cutaneous adverse events in clinical trial patients: A prospective study using 3D-total body photography." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e13548-e13548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e13548.

Full text

Abstract:

e13548 Background: Accurate and comprehensive assessment of dermatologic adverse events (AEs) in clinical trials is challenging, given the heterogeneity of appearance and perception of these AEs. For dermatologic AEs, Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grading of clinical severity primarily relies on the clinician’s reporting of body surface area involved (BSA%) estimated by visual assessment combined with clinician’s interpretation of psychosocial impact, which can vary among raters. Although patient reported outcome (PRO-CTCAE) and QoL (SKINDEX-16) measures have been incorporated to improve accuracy and reliability of symptomatic AE evaluations, the subjective nature of dermatologic CTCAE grading remains. Clinical photography is routinely used to aid in visual comparison but cannot be incorporated to standardized measures due to inconsistencies in lighting, distance from the camera, and position. This prospective study aims to validate the accuracy and utility of affected BSA% using 3D-total body photography (TBP) and quantitative imaging analytics for standardized, objective assessment of immune-related cutaneous adverse events (ircAE) in clinical trials and/or prospective studies. Methods: Polarized and non-polarized TBPs (Canfield Vectra WB360) were acquired on two dermatology clinic visits 2-6 weeks apart (n = 8, to date). CTCAE, PRO-CTCAE, SKINDEX-16 were evaluated by one investigator for both visits. Image analysis including BSA% calculation was conducted using Vectra measurement software by an investigator blinded to clinical grades. Means and ranges for change in CTCAE, BSA%, and SKINDEX-16 were calculated. Results: To date, 29 patients with ircAE have been enrolled with 8 completing both visits. A greater improvement in affected BSA% (-1.9, -13.0, -20.1) and SKINDEX-16 (-8,-11.9,-19.5) were associated with a greater degree of clinical improvement measured by CTCAE (0 to -3). Widest range in the degree of change in BSA% (-24.4, -6.8) and SKINDEX-16 (-31,19) was observed in the group with intermediate change in CTCAE (-2 to -1, n = 5). Conclusions: Estimating affected BSA% via visual assessment is subject to human error and rely on memory or comparison with unstandardized photos to detect clinical improvement of dermatologic conditions. This poses a challenge particularly for cases with mild or moderate clinical improvement, demonstrated by the wide range in the degree of change for BSA% and SKINDEX-16. With consistent lighting, position, and objective measurements, 3D-TBP quantitative image analysis shows promise in reproducible, standardized monitoring and quantification of ircAE clinical severity. Furthermore, the quantitative nature of TBP measurement suggests its potential utility for correlation with underlying immunophenotyping correlative studies and clinical trials.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Konari, Prashanth Reddy, Yung-Dai Clayton, Melville B. Vaughan, Morshed Khandaker, and Mohammad Robiul Hossan. "Experimental Analysis of Laser Micromachining of Microchannels in Common Microfluidic Substrates." Micromachines 12, no. 2 (January 28, 2021): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12020138.

Full text

Abstract:

Laser micromachining technique offers a promising alternative method for rapid production of microfluidic devices. However, the effect of process parameters on the channel geometry and quality of channels on common microfluidic substrates has not been fully understood yet. In this research, we studied the effect of laser system parameters on the microchannel characteristics of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and microscope glass substrate—three most widely used materials for microchannels. We also conducted a cell adhesion experiment using normal human dermal fibroblasts on laser-machined microchannels on these substrates. A commercial CO2 laser system consisting of a 45W laser tube, circulating water loop within the laser tube and air cooling of the substrate was used for machining microchannels in PDMS, PMMA and glass. Four laser system parameters—speed, power, focal distance, and number of passes were varied to fabricate straight microchannels. The channel characteristics such as depth, width, and shape were measured using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a 3D profilometer. The results show that higher speed produces lower depth while higher laser power produces deeper channels regardless of the substrate materials. Unfocused laser machining produces wider but shallower channels. For the same speed and power, PDMS channels were the widest while PMMA channels were the deepest. Results also showed that the profiles of microchannels can be controlled by increasing the number of passes. With an increased number of passes, both glass and PDMS produced uniform, wider, and more circular channels; in contrast, PMMA channels were sharper at the bottom and skewed. In rapid cell adhesion experiments, PDMS and glass microchannels performed better than PMMA microchannels. This study can serve as a quick reference in material-specific laser-based microchannel fabrications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Geng, Qi, Xuede Wang, Yang Du, Zhenghao Yang, Rui Wang, and Guangyu He. "Effect of the Hydrogen Injection Position on the Combustion Process of a Direct Injection X-Type Rotary Engine with a Hydrogen Blend." Energies 15, no. 19 (October 1, 2022): 7219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197219.

Full text

Abstract:

As a new type of power device, the X-type rotary engine (XRE) is regarded as a major revolution of the internal combustion engine with its special structure and high-efficiency hybrid cycle (HEHC). A 3D CFD model of an XRE with hydrogen–gasoline fuel is firstly built in this paper. The gasoline is premixed with air in the intake of the XRE. The hydrogen is directly injected (DI) into the cylinder with four different injection positions. The effects of the hydrogen injection position on the combustion process, engine thermodynamic performance, and unburned carbon emissions and NOx emissions are investigated. The results show that, due to the interaction between the in-cylinder main flow field and the injected hydrogen gas flow, different hydrogen concentration zones are formed at different injection positions. Furthermore, a larger hydrogen distribution area and being closer to the ignition position led to a faster in-cylinder combustion rate and a higher in-cylinder temperature and pressure. When the injection position is from the front to the back of the combustion chamber such as in position 2, the hydrogen has the widest distribution area and is closest to the ignition position, resulting in its fastest combustion speed. Meanwhile, the peak in-cylinder pressure is 3.73 MPa and the peak temperature is a maximum of 1835.16 K. Especially, the highest indicated thermal efficiency of 26.56% is found in position 2, which is 10.08% higher than that of position 4 (from right to left of the combustion chamber), which was 24.13%. At the same time, due to the best overall combustion effect, position 2 presents the lowest final unburned carbon emission of 0.36 mg, while it produces the highest NOx emission of 9.15 μg. Thus, this study provides important theoretical guidelines for the hydrogen injection strategy of the XRE using hydrogen–gasoline fuel.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic '3D widget'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles