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Dissertations / Theses on the topic '3D Slicer'
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Korčuška, Robert. "Segmentace tomografických dat v prostředí 3D Slicer." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220376.
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This thesis contains basic theoretical information about SVM-based image segmentation and data classification. Basic information about 3D Slicer software are presented. Aspects of medical images segmentation are described. Workplan and implemetation of SVM method for MRI segmentation in 3D Slicer sofware as extension module is created. SVM method is compared with simple segmentation algorithms included in 3D Slicer. Quality of segmentation, based on SVM, tested on real subjects is experimentaly demonstrated.
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Chalupa, Daniel. "Rozšiřující modul platformy 3D Slicer pro segmentaci tomografických obrazů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316852.
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This work explores machine learning as a tool for medical images' classification. A literary research is contained concerning both classical and modern approaches to image segmentation. The main purpose of this work is to design and implement an extension for the 3D Slicer platform. The extension uses machine learning to classify images using set parameters. The extension is tested on tomographic images obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance and observes the accuracy of the classification and usability in practice.
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Forbes, Jessica LeeAnn. "Development and verification of medical image analysis tools within the 3D slicer environment." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3085.
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Rapid development of domain specialized medical imaging tools is essential for deploying medical imaging technologies to advance clinical research and clinical practice. This work describes the development process, deployment method, and evaluation of modules constructed within the 3D Slicer environment. These tools address critical problems encountered in four different clinical domains: quality control review of large repositories of medical images, rule-based automated label map cleaning, quantification of calcification in the heart using low-dose radiation scanning, and waist circumference measurement from abdominal scans. Each of these modules enables and accelerates clinical research by incorporating medical imaging technologies that minimize manual human effort. They are distributed within the multi-platform 3D Slicer Extension Manager environment for use in the computational environment most convenient to the clinician scientist.
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Gerhards, Christian. "Dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion eines mit Heidenhain-Woelcke-Lösung gefärbten Rhesusaffenhirns zur Darstellung der Myeloarchitektonik aus der Friedrich-Sanides-Sammlung." Aachen Mainz, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2758034&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Pizzini, David. "Use of alternative materials with fused deposition modeling 3D printing." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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Questa tesi di laurea si basa sul lavoro svolto durante due tirocini della durata di oltre 300 ore ciascuno nell’azienda Carpigiani S.r.l. sita in Anzola dell’Emilia.
Nel primo capitolo si va ad analizzare rapidamente la storia dell’azienda fino ai giorni odierni e le principali tipologie di macchine che vengono prodotte, al fine di dimostrare l’effettiva utilità dell’additive manufacturing in una realtà che ha bisogno di re-innovarsi costantemente nonostante essa sia già leader mondiale da anni nella produzione di macchine per il gelato.
Nel secondo capitolo, dopo un rapido excursus generale sull’additive manufacturing, si illustra brevemente il funzionamento ed i vantaggi della tecnologia di stampa 3D FDM (fused deposition modeling); in seguito, si descrive e si analizzano i principali vantaggi e problematiche della macchina German RepRapx350pro posseduta dall’azienda. In modo analogo per quanto riguarda la tecnologia di multijet printing e la stampante Projet 3510 SD. La richiesta di sintetizzare e schematizzare i vari tipi di errore è stata mossa direttamente dall’ufficio tecnico per motivare diversi tipi di scelte nei futuri acquisti di macchine per la prototipazione.
Nel terzo capitolo, viene affrontata la scelta dei parametri di processo per due tipologie di materiali mai utilizzati prima in Carpigiani con la tecnologia FDM, ovvero un filamento misto in Policarbonato/ABS ed uno in Nylon, entrambi prodotti dalla Filoalfa, azienda italiana specializzata da qualche anno nella produzione di filamenti di alta qualità per la stampa 3D. Lo scopo è quello di creare un profilo di stampa con il software Ultimaker Cura per entrambi i materiali basandosi su indicazioni generali date dai fornitori, sui numerosissimi punti deboli della stampante e sul trial and error.
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Milli, Giorgia. "Uso di 3d slicer in ambito di ricerca clinica: Una revisione critica delle esperienze di riferimento." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9008/.
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Negli ultimi 20 anni il progresso tecnologico ha segnato un profondo cambiamento in svariati ambiti tra i quali quello della Sanità in cui hanno preso vita apparecchiature diagnostiche, cosiddette “digitali native”, come la Tomografia Computerizzata (TC), la Tomografia ad Emissione di Positroni (PET), la Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare (RMN), l’Ecografia. A differenza delle diagnostiche tradizionali, come ad esempio la Radiologia convenzionale, che forniscono come risultato di un esame un’immagine bidimensionale ricavata dalla semplice proiezione di una struttura anatomica indagata, questi nuovi sistemi sono in grado di generare scansioni tomografiche. Disporre di immagini digitali contenenti dati tridimensionali rappresenta un enorme passo in avanti per l’indagine diagnostica, ma per poterne estrapolare e sfruttare i preziosi contenuti informativi occorrono i giusti strumenti che, data la natura delle acquisizioni, vanno ricercati nel mondo dell’Informatica.
A tal proposito il seguente elaborato si propone di presentare un software package per la visualizzazione, l’analisi e l’elaborazione di medical images chiamato 3D Slicer che rappresenta un potente strumento di cui potersi avvalere in differenti contesti medici.
Nel primo capitolo verrà proposta un’introduzione al programma;
Seguirà il secondo capitolo con una trattazione più tecnica in cui verranno approfondite alcune funzionalità basilari del software e altre più specifiche;
Infine nel terzo capitolo verrà preso in esame un intervento di endoprotesica vascolare e come grazie al supporto di innovativi sistemi di navigazione chirurgica sia possibile avvalersi di 3D Slicer anche in ambiente intraoperatorio
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Rohozhyna, N., Ivan Samoilenko, and Ksenia Meleshko. "Procedure of editing existing polygonal models by SolidWorks system." Thesis, National aviation university, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/52829.
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1. 2021 Best 3D Printer Slicer Software [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: https://all3dp.com/1/best-3d-slicer-software-3d-printer/The ability to use 3D printing technology directly depends on the quality of the input geometric model. It is usually difficult to see small defects, missing triangles, convex and other deformations of the grid in slicers. There are online services stlfixers that fix network models. They quickly fill in defects, but are limited by the size and number of triangles of the model. In this case, slicers "do not see" the smallest holes in the grid or one / two triangles that protrude beyond the shape of the part, such defects are simply not printed, so in most cases stlfixers are quite enough.
Можливість використання технології 3D-друку безпосередньо залежить від якості вхідної геометричної моделі. Зазвичай важко побачити дрібні дефекти, відсутні трикутники, опуклі та інші деформації сітки в нарізках. Існують онлайн-сервіси stl-fixers, які виправляють моделі. Вони швидко заповнюють дефекти, але обмежені розміром і кількістю трикутників моделі. У цьому випадку слайсери "не бачать" найменших отворів у сітці або одного / двох трикутників, які виступають за форму деталі, такі дефекти просто не друкуються, тому в більшості випадків stlfixers цілком достатньо.
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Bove, Christopher. "Constrained Motion Planning System for MRI-Guided, Needle-Based, Robotic Interventions." Digital WPI, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/310.
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In needle-based surgical interventions, accurate alignment and insertion of the tool is paramount for providing proper treatment at a target site while minimizing healthy tissue damage. While manually-aligned interventions are well-established, robotics platforms promise to reduce procedure time, increase precision, and improve patient comfort and survival rates. Conducting interventions in an MRI scanner can provide real-time, closed-loop feedback for a robotics platform, improving its accuracy, yet the tight environment potentially impairs motion, and perceiving this limitation when planning a procedure can be challenging. This project developed a surgical workflow and software system for evaluating the workspace and planning the motions of a robotics platform within the confines of an MRI scanner. 3D Slicer, a medical imaging visualization and processing platform, provided a familiar and intuitive interface for operators to quickly plan procedures with the robotics platform over OpenIGTLink. Robotics tools such as ROS and MoveIt! were utilized to analyze the workspace of the robot within the patient and formulate the motion planning solution for positioning of the robot during surgical procedures. For this study, a 7 DOF robot arm designed for ultrasonic ablation of brain tumors was the targeted platform. The realized system successfully yielded prototype capabilities on the neurobot for conducting workspace analysis and motion planning, integrated systems using OpenIGTLink, provided an opportunity to evaluate current software packages, and informed future work towards production-grade medical software for MRI-guided, needle-based robotic interventions.
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Franzén, Johan. "FrankZlicer : Direct slicing using arcs." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för data- och systemvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-36021.
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3D printing a CAD modelnormally requires conversion into a polygon mesh, usually an STL-file, in orderto be able to load the model in the slicer. This conversion destroys roundsurfaces and replaces them with flat surfaces. Slicing a polygon mesh resultsin one or more polygons, consisting of a number of straight lines. This canaffect both dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness. Modern 3D-printerscan, in addition to straight lines, handle arcs. However, today’s commonslicers can not generate arcs as the input does not contain any curvedfeatures. This project aims at finding an alternative solution. By directslicing of CAD models the slices can contain arcs, and the slicer can producearc commands for the 3D-printer. During this project a prototype slicer isconstructed as a proof of concept. The prototype handles STEP-files as inputand creates both linear and circular movement for the 3D-printer. The resultsshow that both the intermediate files (STEP/STL) and the resulting G-code filescan get smaller, yet preserving the original shape, by using this method. Theproposed solution has a positive effect on the 3D-printing workflow as well, asthe intermediate files can be imported back into the CAD system. The projectconcludes that there is possibly a bright future for direct slicing, but thereare more problems to solve before it can become reality.
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Monfared, Karlo. "3D printed food and customized siliconemolds : Investigating aesthetic appearance and food preparingmethods for a dysphagia diet." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42247.
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Dysphagia is a serious eating disorder currently affecting around 100 thousand people in Sweden and it’s estimated that 1 in 10 people will develop some form of dysphagia during their lifetime around the world. The condition occurs mainly in elders and people who’ve suffered a stroke. The disorder prohibits proper swallowing of food, impairing the ability to close airways and let food enter the proper pathways. Patients with dysphagia have to eat grounded food in order to not suffer from malnutrition. The food is usually served in timbales which are sometimes decorated but might not look as appealing or realistic as one might think. The repetitive and unrealistic food creates further appetite loss which may lead to malnutrition. This is the case amongst many elderly in home care and the complications maybe very serious indeed, leading to organ dysfunction, hospitalization and eventually death. The current timbales made at the kitchens for elderly care in Helsingborg are punched with a tool in rectangular, circular shapes and often decorated. A solution would be to increase the aesthetics of the served timbales and make them realistically looking. 3D printing offers numerous new opportunities for food production and may very well set a standard in the future for producing aesthetically pleasing food. Silicone molds may also provide the same, if not better results at the time being at a fraction of the price, sufficing to revert any negative impacts of the current timbale appearance. In the hopes of proving both concepts the work will initially be focused on preparing a broccoli but also applying one of the concepts on a cinnamon bun providing additional application. This report presents the progress of designing a realistic 3D broccoli model, product development of a realistic broccoli food mold, 3D scanning, 3D food printing and a literature study. The designed model could not be printed due to the printing gel’s incapability of supporting complex structures. Instead master shapes created for shaping the food mold were scanned, sliced and printed. The same masters were used as means for a second food mold. Both food molds did manage to cast realistic shapes with a broccoli puré and of a soft gelatine suspension. Material alternatives were evaluated as well as manufacturing possibilities. The designed broccoli and a refined scanned broccoli were both offered for free as means for further research and development.
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Mehrtash, Alireza. "Needle Navigation for Image Guided Brachytherapy of Gynecologic Cancer." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-248042.
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In the past twenty years, the combination of the advances in medical imaging technologies and therapeutic methods had a great impact in developing minimally invasive interventional procedures. Although the use of medical imaging for the surgery and therapy guidance dates back to the early days of x-ray discovery, there is an increasing evidence in using the new imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic reso- nance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound in the operating rooms. The focus of this thesis is on developing image-guided interventional methods and techniques to support the radiation therapy treatment of gynecologic cancers. Gynecologic cancers which involves malignan- cies of the uterus, cervix, vagina and the ovaries are one of the top causes of mortality and morbidity among the women in U.S. and worldwide. The common treatment plan for radiation therapy of gynecologic cancers is chemotherapy and external beam radiation therapy followed by brachytherapy. Gynecological brachytherapy involves placement of interstitial catheters in and around the tumor area, often with the aid of an applicator. The goal is to create an optimal brachytherapy treatment plan that leads to maximal radiation dose to the cancerous tissue and minimal destructive radiation to the organs at risk. The accuracy of the catheter placement has a leading effect in the success of the treatment. However there are several techniques are developed for navigation of catheters and needles for procedures such as prostate biopsy, brain biopsy, and cardiac ablation, it is obviously lacking for gynecologic brachytherapy procedures. This thesis proposes a technique which aims to increase the accuracy and efficiency of catheter placements in gynecologic brachytherapy by guiding the catheters with an electromagnetic tracking system. To increase the accuracy of needle placement a navigation system has been set up and the appropriate software tools were developed and released for the public use as a module in the open-source 3D Slicer software. The developed technology can be translated from benchmark to the bedside to offer the potential benefit of maximizing tumor coverage during catheter placement while avoiding damage to the adjacent organs including bladder, rectum and bowel. To test the designed system two independent experiments were designed and performed on a phantom model in order to evaluate the targeting accuracy of the tracking system and the mean targeting error over all experiments was less than 2.9 mm, which can be compared to the targeting errors in the available commercial clinical navigation systems.
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Trávníček, Vojtěch. "Interaktivní prostorové zobrazení EEG parametrů z itrakraniálních elektrod v obrazových datech CT/MRI." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221383.
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This semestral thesis deals with visualization of intracranial EEG. In the first part, theoretical basics of EEG is mentioned. After that, image registration, as a needed tool for visualization is described followed by research of methods of visualization of high frequency oscilations from intracranial EEG. Finally, method for visualization of high frequency oscilations from EEG in real MRI patient scans is designed and implemented.
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Rambani, Komal. "Thick brain slice cultures and a custom-fabricated multiphoton imaging system: progress towards development of a 3D hybrot model." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22702.
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Development of a three dimensional (3D) HYBROT model with targeted in vivo like intact cellular circuitry in thick brain slices for multi-site stimulation and recording will provide a useful in vitro model to study neuronal dynamics at network level. In order to make this in vitro model feasible, we need to develop several associated technologies. These technologies include development of a thick organotypic brain slice culturing method, a three dimensional (3D) micro-fluidic multielectrode Neural Interface system (µNIS) and the associated electronic interfaces for stimulation and recording of/from tissue, development of targeted stimulation patterns for closed-loop interaction with a robotic body, and a deep-tissue non-invasive imaging system. To make progress towards this goal, I undertook two projects: (i) to develop a method to culture thick organotypic brain slices, and (ii) construct a multiphoton imaging system that allows long-term and deep-tissue imaging of two dimensional and three dimensional cultures.
Organotypic brain slices preserve cytoarchitecture of the brain. Therefore, they make more a realistic reduced model for various network level investigations. However, current culturing methods are not successful for culturing thick brain slices due to limited supply of nutrients and oxygen to inner layers of the culture. We developed a forced-convection based perfusion method to culture viable 700µm thick brain slices.
Multiphoton microscopy is ideal for imaging living 2D or 3D cultures at submicron resolution. We successfully fabricated a custom-designed high efficiency multiphoton microscope that has the desired flexibility to perform experiments using multiple technologies simultaneously. This microscope was used successfully for 3D and time-lapse imaging.
Together these projects have contributed towards the progress of development of a 3D HYBROT.
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3D Hybrot: A hybrid system of a brain slice culture embodied with a robotic body.
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Agerskov, Niels. "Adaptable Semi-Automated 3D Segmentation Using Deep Learning with Spatial Slice Propagation." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-241542.
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Even with the recent advances of deep learning pushing the field of medical image analysis further than ever before, progress is still slow due to limited availability of annotated data. There are multiple reasons for this, but perhaps the most prominent one is the amount of time manual annotation of medical images takes. In this project a semi-automated algorithm is proposed, approaching the segmentation problem in a slice by slice manner utilising the prediction of a previous slice as a prior for the next. This both allows the algorithm to segment entirely new cases and gives the user the ability to correct faulty slices, propagating the correction throughout. Results on par with current state of the art is achieved within the domain of the training data. In addition to this, cases outside of the training domain can also be segmented with some accuracy, paving the way for further improvement. The strategy for training the network to utilise auxiliary input lies in the heavy online data augmentation, forcing the network to rely on the provided prior.Trots att framstegen inom djupinlärning banar vägen för medicinsk bildanalys snabbare än någonsin så finns det ett stort problem, mängden annoterad bilddata. Det har bland annat att göra med att medicinsk bilddata tar väldigt lång tid att annotera manuellt. I detta projektet har en semi-automatisk algoritm utvecklats som tar sig an 3D-segmentering från ett 2D-perspektiv. En bildvolym segmenteras genom att en initialiseringbild annoteras manuellt och används som hjälp för att annotera närliggande bilder i volymen. Detta upprepas sedan för resterande bilder men istället för att manuellt annotera används föregående segmentering av närverket som hjälp. Detta tillåter att algoritmen både kan generalisera till helt nya fall som ej är representerade av träningsdatan, och gör även att felaktigt segmenterade bilder kan korrigeras i efterhand. Korrigeringar kommer då att propageras genom volymen genom att varje segmentering används som hjälp för nästkommande bild. Resultaten är i nivå med motsvarande helautomatiska algoritmer inom träningsdomänen. Den största fördelen gentemot dessa är möjligheten att segmentera helt nya fall. Metoden som används för att träna nätverket att förlita sig på hjälpbilder bygger på kraftig bilddistortion av bilden som ska segmenteras. Detta tvingar nätverket att ta vara på informationen i segmenteringen av föregående bild.
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Mezzogori, Ugo. "Modulo di gestione della stampa 3D e CAM in ambiente FreeCAD." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8271/.
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In Italia hanno visto stampanti 3D commerciali, e grazie al gruppo di professori e ricercatori della Facoltà di Ingegneria Meccanica dell'Università di Bologna, con cui ho avuto la possibilità di realizzare questa tesi, è nato il progetto di una stampante 3D ibrida, dotata sia di una fresatrice che di un estrusore: una stampante talmente grande che si va a posizionare come la stampante più grande di tutta Italia.
Il mio progetto, si chiama PrinterCAD, è in grado infatti di gestire le diverse fasi della stampa 3D ibrida con i necessari parametri di lavorazione e controllo. Questo applicazione è un modulo realizzato in Python e segue la filosofia del MVC; inoltre estende il software opensource FreeCAD.
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Hess, Aaron. "Calculating 3D intramyocardial strain tensors in a single slice of myocardium using MRI." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3245.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-112).Strain is a measure of cardiac deformation and provides information on the mechanical and functional properties of the heart. As this deformation occurs in three dimensions (3D), a 3D measure of strain is appropriate, however, currently the procedures for measuring 3D intramyocardial strain fields are limited to a handful of techniques. The only widely accepted method being the use of tagging in orthogonal image planes that requires the imaging of the entire myocardial volume, followed by lengthy and time consuming post processing. A method to combine cine displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (cine-DENSE) and cine strain encoded MRI (cine-SENC) for the formulation of the complete 3D strain tensor field for a single slice of myocardium is proposed.
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Gambaletta, Daniele. "Stampa 3D: progettazione e realizzazione di una stampante 3D FDM come caso di studio." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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La rivoluzione industriale che stiamo vivendo, detta Industria 4.0, sta incoraggiando le aziende all'utilizzo di sistemi intelligenti e di nuove tecnologie informatiche. La produzione additiva (detta stampa 3D) è considerata una tecnologia essenziale in questa fase dati i numerosi vantaggi che porta. In questo documento verranno descritte le caratteristiche della stampa 3D e i software necessari per realizzare un oggetto fisico partendo da un modello 3D digitale, prendendo come riferimento la stampante 3D progettata e realizzata utilizzando principalmente tecnologie open source.
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Perring, Steve. "Clinical applications of the three dimensional (3D) analysis and visualisation of medical slice images." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387074.
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Bukht, Ali. "Non-Planar 3D Printed Radar Lenses." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44833.
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The primary motivation behind this research was to determine whether 3D printed lenses printed out using the non-planar technique can help achieve better beam intensity for a 60 GHz printed-circuit-board based radar and consequently improve radar efficiency. Non-planar printing is a new development in the 3D printing industry. In the non-planar printing method, the printer is moving simultaneously in all X, Y and Z-axis. This process prints with curved layers, which helps achieve a smoother surface. For this, a newly developed version of the Slic3r, specifically called non-planar Slic3r, was used. The modelled lens was imported into this Slic3r software. The G-Code was generated, and using it, non-planar lenses were printed along with planar lenses for comparison purpose. The lenses printed out using the non-planar technique were not perfectly smooth as was thought initially. Both planar and non-planar lenses measurements were taken in a watchful environment, and the measurements were later compared. The comparison of measurements showed that the non-planar lens did not show any noticeable gain in the intensity over planar lenses. The conclusion, however, is limited to the frequency range around 60 GHz, and in the case of higher frequencies, the result may change
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Momotenko, Ruslana, Artem Terzi, and Yuryi Vlasenko. "Preparation of geometric data for 3D prototyping." Thesis, National aviation university, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/52827.
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1. Kasik D.J., Buxton W., Ferguson D.R. Ten cad challenges // IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. 2005. (25). C. 81–92.
2. NURBS-based and parametric-based shape optimization with differentiated CAD kernel // Computer-Aided Design and Applications. 2018. № 6 (15).
3. STL, 3D Manufacturing Format, and Additive Manufacturing File Export Options [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://help.solidworks.com/2018/english/SolidWorks/ sldworks/HIDD_STL.htmDespite the presence of high-tech CAD/CAM/CAE-systems, the problem of exchanging engineering data, primarily the structural elements of models, remains at this time not fully resolved. Both open data formats, such as STEP, IGES, etc., and polygonal STL formats, etc., do not solve the problem. Of course, these problems increase as the complexity of product models grows, but they also exist when using 3D prototyping technologies.
Незважаючи на наявність високотехнологічних CAD/CAM/CAE-систем, проблема обміну інженерними даними, насамперед структурними елементами моделей, залишається досі не повністю вирішеною. Як відкриті формати даних, такі як STEP, IGES тощо, так і багатокутні формати STL тощо, не вирішують проблему. Звичайно, ці проблеми зростають із зростанням складності моделей продуктів, але вони також існують при використанні технологій 3D-прототипування.
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Choi, Yoonsu. "A Three-Dimensional Coupled Microelectrode and Microfluidic Array for Neuronal Interfacing." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11638.
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The objective of this research is to develop a three-dimensional (3-D) microfluidic/ electronic interface system for sustaining and monitoring 3-D neuronal networks. This research work is divided into two parts. One is the development of a 3-D multi-electrode array (MEA) with integrated microfluidic channels. The other is a microneedle array with embedded microelectrodes and microfluidic channels.
The 3-D MEA is composed of three elements that are essential for the development and monitoring of 3-D cultures of neurons. These components consist of scaffolds for cellular growth and structural stability, microfluidic channels for cell maintenance and chemical stimulation, and electrodes for electrical stimulation and recording. Two kinds of scaffold structures have been fabricated. The first scaffolding scheme employs a double exposure technique that embeds SU-8 towers into an SU-8 substrate. The second scaffolding mechanism introduces interconnects between towers for the purpose of mechanically supporting 3-D cell cultures and facilitating 3-D synaptic connections. Microfluidic channels are combined for fine control of the cellular microenvironment by means of diffusive and convective fluidic processes. Hollow towers with three-layer side ports were developed by using double exposure techniques and excimer laser ablation. The electrodes are combined into an integrated system that is capable of monitoring electrical activities and the cellular impedances of neurons which are attached to the electrodes.
The second part of this research is to fabricate a microneedle array for monitoring brain slices, which will directly detect electrical signals from living brain slices. Although the microneedle array is targeting different 3-D neuronal networks, it also has three components and the fabrication steps are the same as those for the 3-D MEA. To generate the sharp tip, isotropic reactive ion etching (RIE) is performed on tapered SU-8 towers. High aspect ratio tower structures can be effectively generated with SU-8 and tapered shapes are created by backside exposure.
The resulting systems will enable a new field of neurobiological research, in which the collective properties of 3-D neuronal circuits can be observed and manipulated with unprecedented detail and precision, and at a level of control not possible in living animals.
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Waldenryd, Madelene. "Drömkök åt alla : Världens mest prisbelönta webbkampanj." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kommunikation, medier och it, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-5791.
Full textAbstract:
Målet med uppsatsen var att se hur man producerar fram en reklamkampanj, framför allt hur man gör det för första gången samt hur retoriken kan bidra till ett lyckat koncept. Vilka förutsättningar krävs? Arbetar man på ett annorlunda sätt? Vilka medel använder man för att få en framgångsrik reklam? Detta har undersökts genom att intervjua personer som varit med och producerat den prisbelönta och världskända reklamkampanjen från IKEA ”Drömkök åt alla” ur ett retoriskt perspektiv. Resultatet visar på en resa rätt i tiden i hur man med ny teknik får fram något helt unikt.The purpose of this essay was to see how to produce a commercial campaign, and most of allhow to do it for the first time and how rhetoric’s can contribute to a successful concept. Whatare the conditions? Does it demand a different work approach? Which means do you use tocome up with a successful advertising? This has been investigated by interviewing the peoplewho produced the award winning and world famous commercial-campaign from IKEA"Dream kitchen for everyone" from a rhetoric point of view. The results display a journeymade at the right period of time, and how you with new technology, can come up withsomething unique.
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Lakhotia, Kritika. "Visualization and quantification of 3D tumor-host interface architecture reconstructed from digital histopathology slides." Thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10127616.
Full textAbstract:
Oral cavity cancer (OCC) is a type of cancer of the lip, tongue, salivary glands and other sites in the mouth (buccal or oral cavity) and is the sixth leading cause of cancer worldwide. Patients with OCC are treated based on a staging system: low-stage patients typically receive less aggressive therapy compared to high-stage patients. Unfortunately, low-stage patients are sometimes at risk for locoregional recurrence. Recently, a semi-quantitative risk scoring system has been developed to assess the locoregional recurrence risk for low-stage patients. This risk scoring system is based on tissue characteristics determined on 2D histopathology images under a microscope. This modality limits the appreciation of the 3D architecture of the tumor and its associated morphological features. This thesis aims to visualize 3D models of the tumor-host interface reconstructed from serially-sectioned histopathology slides and quantify their clinically validated morphological features to predict locoregional recurrence after treatment. The 3D models are developed and quantified for 6 patient cases using readily available tools. This pilot study provides a framework for an automated diagnostic technique for 3D visualization and morphological analysis of tumor biology which is traditionally done using 2D analysis.
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Željko, Santoši. "3D digitalizacija površi bez karakterističnih obeležja primenom blisko-predmetne fotogrametrije." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2020. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=114659&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textAbstract:
Kreiranje 3D modela i njihova vizuelizacija postali su sastavni deo procesa razvoja novih ili redizajniranja postojećih proizvoda. U ovom istraživanju pažnja je posvećena rešavanju problema 3D digitalizacije kod blisko-predmetne fotogrametrije zasnovane na određivanju strukture iz kretanja, na površima bez karakterističnih obeležja primenom projektovanja sintetički generisanih slika u vidu svetlosnih tekstura. Akcenat je stavljen na generisanje novih sintetičkih slika koje imaju izraženu vizuelnu teksturu, njihovu evaluaciju i primenu na objektima sa monotonim vizuelnim površima sa ciljem podizanja ukupne tačnosti rekonstruisanih 3D modela. Verifikacija primene sintetičkih slika i njihovih svetlosnih tekstura sa aspekta geometrijske i dimenzione tačnosti je realizovana primenom računarom podržane inspekcije (CAD inspekcije).The creation of 3D models and their visualization have become an integral part of the process of developing new or redesigning existing products. In this research, attention was paid to solving the problem of 3D digitization in close-range photogrammetry based on the structure from motion on surfaces without characteristic features by designing synthetically generated images in the form of light textures. An accent is placed on the generation of new synthetic images that have a pronounced visual texture, their evaluation, and application on objects with monotonous visual surfaces with the aim of raising the overall accuracy of reconstructed 3D models. The verification of the application of synthetic images and their light textures from the aspect of geometric and dimensional accuracy was realized through the use of computer-aided inspection (CAI inspection).
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McNulty, Victoria. "Estimation of grey and white matter and whole cerebral hemisphere volume by using the cavalieri slices method in combination with 3D MR imaging." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368670.
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Pires, Sandrerley Ramos. "Interpolação tridimensional de imagens de tomografia computadorizada utilizando equações diferenciais parciais." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2007. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/14640.
Full textAbstract:
The visualization of a 3D image obtained from computerized tomography examinations has shown itself to be an important factor for increasing the quality of medical
diagnoses and, consequently, treatment efficacy. There already exist on the market, several visualization softwares, which use different techniques to show the 3D tomography
image. However, to show a high quality 3D image, sophisticated devices must be used
to obtain slices, close to one another, thus increasing the incidence of X-ray given to the
patient. An interpolation slice method which resulted from the TC examination produces
good results, and is able to reduce the X-ray incidence upon the patient. This method
must reconstruct the curvature from the patient s internal structures without using slices
in close proximity. This work proposes a method of 3D image interpolation, composed
of a juxtaposition of the slices from CT examination results. The goal of this method is
to increase the quality of 3D visualization through the production of sharp and precise
structure contours. This thesis proposes the division of the interpolation method into two
steps. In the first step, the goal is to obtain an initial representation of the image in 3D,
which is composed of real slices as well as virtual slices which are referred to in this work
as initial virtual slices. In the second step, the empty spaces of the structure are recovered
by the 3D image inpainting process. This work also proposes a method to obtain the initial virtual slice and two different methods for inpainting the 3D image. These inpainting
methods are the transversal slice line prolongation method and the transportation and
diffusion of information. Both methods use the differential equation theory. The transportation and diffusion of information method shows better results than other methods
proposed in this work, besides this, this method presents better results than the linear
interpolation and Goshtasby et al. [1] methods also implemented in this work. Visual and
numerical comparisons are used to obtain this conclusion. The numerical measures used
are statistical correlation, the PSNR and the Hausdorff distance [2]. The transportation
and diffusion of information method shows itself able to produce better results than all
the other tested methods. Besides this principal contribution, this work also developed a
KIT to implement 2D and 3D CT visualize applications.A visualização de imagens resultantes de exame de tomografia computadorizada (TC) em 3D ´e um fator importante para o aumento da precisão nos diagnósticos médicos e, consequentemente, na eficácia dos tratamentos. Atualmente existem diversos produtos no mercado, que fazem uso de várias técnicas existentes para apresentação de imagens tomográficas em 3D. Contudo, para se obter maior suavidade e precisão nos contornos das estruturas visualizadas em 3D, utiliza-se equipamentos capazes de produzir fatias paralelas do corpo humano muito próximas uma das outras, aumentando a exposição dos pacientes aos raios X. Um método de interpolação de fatias resultantes de exame de TC que forneça bons resultados, pode reduzir a incidência de raios X no paciente, pois esse método pode recuperar a curvatura das estruturas sem a necessidade de uma grande proximidade entre as fatias. Este trabalho propõe um método para a interpolação de imagem em 3D, formada pela justaposição de fatias de resultados de exames de tomografia computadorizada. O objetivo desse método ´e obter contornos suaves e precisos, melhorando os processos de visualização em 3D. Para isso, esta tese propõe a divisão do processo de interpolação em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa obtém-se uma representação inicial da imagem em 3D composta por fatias reais e por fatias denominadas de fatias virtuais iniciais e, na segunda etapa, restaura-se essas estruturas geradas com um processo de retoque de imagem em 3D. Este trabalho propõe também um método para obtenção da fatia virtual inicial e dois métodos diferentes para a realização do passo de retoque da imagem em 3D resultante da justaposição das fatias reais e virtuais iniciais. Esses métodos são o prolongamento de linhas nas fatias transversais e transporte e difusão de informações. Ambos os métodos utilizam a teoria de equações diferenciais. O método de transporte e difusão de informações demonstrou melhores resultados do que outro método proposto neste trabalho, além de obter melhores resultados do que os métodos de interpolação linear e Goshtasby e outros [1] implementados neste trabalho. Comparações visuais e comparações numéricas utilizando a correlação estatística, a PSNR e a distância de Haussdorff [2] foram realizadas para se obter essas conclusões. O método de transporte e difusão de informações é capaz de gerar contornos mais suaves e precisos que esses outros métodos testados. Além dessa contribuição principal, este trabalho também desenvolveu um KIT para a construção de aplicações visualizadoras de tomografias computadorizadas em 2D e em 3D.
Mestre em Ciências
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Frost, Stephen Robert. "Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging with readout-segmented echo-planar imaging." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:94421cdc-6bcb-49c2-b9d9-64e016b875f8.
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Diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging is an important neuroimaging technique that has successful applications in diagnosis of ischemic stroke and methods based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Tensor measures have been used for detecting changes in tissue microstructure and for non-invasively tracing white matter connections in vivo. The most common image acquistion strategy is to use a DW single-shot echo-planar imaging (ss-EPI) pulse sequence, which is attractive due to its robustness to motion artefacts and high imaging speed. However, this sequence has limited achievable spatial resolution and suffers from geometric distortion and blurring artefacts. Readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (rs-EPI) is a DW sequence that is capable of acquiring high-resolution images by segmenting the acquisition of k- space into multiple shots. The fast, short readouts reduce distortion and blurring and the problem of artefacts due to motion-induced phase changes between shots can be overcome with navigator techniques. The rs-EPI sequence has two main shortcomings. (i) The method is slow to produce image volumes, which is limiting for clinical scans due to patient welfare and prevents us from acquiring very many directions in DTI. (ii) The sequence (like other diffusion techniques) is far from the optimum repetition time (TR) for acquiring data with the highest possible signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in a given time. The work in this thesis seeks to address both of these important issues using a range of approaches. In Chapter 4 a partial Fourier extension is presented, which addresses point (i) by reducing the number of readout segments acquired and estimating the missing data. This allows reductions in scan time by approximately 40% and the reliability of the images is demonstrated in comparisons with the original images. The application of a simultaneous multi-slice scheme to rs-EPI, to address points (i) and (ii), is described in Chapter 5. Using the slice-accelerated rs-EPI sequence, tractography data were compared to ss-EPI data and high-resolution trace-weighted data were acquired in clinically relevant scan times. Finally, a 3D multi-slab extension that addresses point (i) is presented in Chapter 6. A 3D sequence could also allow higher resolution in the slice direction than 2D multi-slice methods, which are limited by the difficulties in exciting thin, accurate slices. A 3D version of rs-EPI was simulated and implemented and a k-space acquisition synchronised to the cardiac cycle showed substantial improvements in image artefacts compared to a conventional k-space acquisition.
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Park, Daniel Joseph. "B1 Mapping for Magnetic Resonance Imaging." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5750.
Full textAbstract:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-ionizing form of medical imaging which has practical uses in diagnosing, characterizing, and studying diseases in vivo. Current clinical practice utilizes a highly trained radiologist to view MR images and qualitatively diagnose, characterize, or study a disease. There is no easy way to compare qualitative data. That is why developing quantitative measures in MRI show promise. Quantitative measures of disease can be compared across a population, MRI sites, and over time. Osteoarthritis is one disease where those who have it may benefit from the development of quantitative MRI measures. Those benefits may include earlier diagnosis and treatment of the disease or treatment which may halt or even reverse the damage from the disease.The work presented in this dissertation focuses on analyzing and developing new methods of radiofrequency (B1) field mapping to improve quantitative MRI measures. The dissertation opens with an introduction and a brief primer on MRI physics, followed by an introduction to B1 and flip-angle mapping in MRI (Chapters 1-3). Chapter 4 presents a careful statistical analysis of a recent and popular B1 mapping method, the Bloch-Siegert shift (BSS) method, along with a comparison of the technique to other common B1 mapping methods. The statistical models developed in chapter 4 are verified using both Monte Carlo simulation and actual MRI experiments in phantoms. Chapter 5 analyzes and details the potential errors introduced in B1 mapping when a 3D slab-selective excitation is employed. A method for correcting errors introduced by 3D slab-selective B1 mapping is then introduced in chapter 6, along with metrics to quantify the error involved. The thesis closes with a summary of other scientific contributions made by the author in chapter 7. The chapters comprising the bulk of the presented research (4-7) are briefly summarized below. Chapter 4, the statistical analysis of B1 mapping methods, demonstrates the effectiveness of deriving the B1 estimate from the phase of the MR image. These techniques are shown to perform particularly well in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) applications. However, there are benefits and drawbacks of each B1 mapping technique. The BSS method deposits a significant amount of radiofrequency (RF) power into the patient, causing a concern that tissue heating may occur. The Phase-Sensitive (PS) method of B1 mapping outperforms the other techniques in many situations, but suffers from significant sensitivity to off-resonance. The Dual-Angle (DA) method is very simple to implement and the analysis is straightforward, but it can introduce significant mean bias in the estimate. No B1 mapping technique performs well for all situations. Therefore, the best B1 mapping method needs to be determined for each situation. The work in chapter 4 provides guidance for that choice. Many B1 mapping techniques rely on a linear relationship between flip angle and transmit voltage. That assumption breaks down when a 3D slab-selective excitation is used. 3D slab-selective excitation is a common technique used to reduce the field-of-view (FOV) in MRI, which can directly reduce scan time. The problem with slab-selective excitation in conjunction with B1 mapping has been documented, but the potential errors in B1 estimation have never been properly analyzed across different techniques. The analysis in chapter 5 demonstrates that the errors introduced in B1 mapping using a slab-selective excitation in conjunction with the ubiquitous DA B1 mapping method can be significant. It is then shown that another B1 mapping technique, the Actual Flip Angle Imaging (AFI) method, doesn't suffer from the same limitation. The analysis presented in Chapter 6 demonstrates that some errors introduced by 3D slab-selective B1 mapping may be modeled and corrected allowing the use of 3D slab-selective excitation to reduce field-of-view, and potentially reduce scan time. The errors are modeled and corrected with a general numerical method using Bloch simulations. The general method is applied to the DA method as an example, but is general and could easily be extended to other methods as well. Finally, a set of metrics are proposed and briefly explored that can be used to better understand the topology and severity of errors introduced into B1 mapping methods. With a better understanding of the errors introduced, the need for correction can be determined. Chapter 7 details other significant ancillary contributions made by the author including: (1) presentation of a new B1 mapping method, the decoupled RF-pulse phase-sensitive B1 mapping method, which has potential for parallel transmit MRI; (2) demonstration of an ultra-short TE method which has potential for imaging Alzheimers brain lesions in vivo; (3) introduction of a new steady-state diffusion tensor imaging technique; (4) phase-sensitive B1 mapping in sodium is demonstrated, a feat not previously demonstrated; (5) a comparison between a dual-tuned and single-tuned sodium coil; (6) introduction of a water- and fat-separation technique using multiple acquisition SSFP; (7) an inter-site and inter-vendor quantitative MRI study is introduced; (8) a relaxation and contrast optimization for laryngeal imaging at 3T is introduced; and (9) diffusion imaging with insert gradients is introduced.
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Lourenço, Pedro Gil Fantasia. "Sistema de visão para apoio à cirurgia ortopédica de trocleoplastia." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/59743.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado (Ciclo de Estudos Integrados Conducentes ao Grau de
Mestre em Engenharia Eletrónica Industrial e de Computadores)As cirurgias obrigam os médicos-cirurgiões a um trabalho minucioso que muitas vezes depende da sua experiência e visão sobre as mesmas. Melhores resultados poderiam ser obtidos se estes profissionais fossem apoiados por sistemas de visão ou por sistemas robóticos. Este projeto debruça-se sobre a primeira vertente, numa preparação antes da cirurgia, isto é, fornecendo ao médico uma perspetiva de um plano pré-operatório. Uma cirurgia requer um estudo sobre o paciente que vai ser sujeito à mesma, de forma a produzir-se um planeamento cirúrgico. Este é feito através de imagiologia, isto é, através de Raios-X, tomografias computorizadas (TC’s) e ressonâncias magnéticas (RM’s) da pessoa a operar. A preparação baseia-se no cálculo de medidas e ângulos da anatomia humana que são necessários conhecer e estudar face ao problema de que a pessoa padece. Atualmente, estas medições são feitas pelos cirurgiões em sistemas de imagiologia digital, e, portanto, o planeamento fica dependente da experiência e perícia do cirurgião, através de métodos de “tentativa-erro” durante a operação. Como tal, seria interessante providenciar ao médico uma ferramenta, que de alguma forma, tornasse mais preciso o planeamento cirúrgico, idealmente até fornecendo um guia de corte. Este projeto endereça a trocleoplastia. A trocleoplastia é uma cirurgia ortopédica que consiste no corte da tróclea – parte distal do fémur – ou seja, num aprofundamento da mesma com o objetivo de estabilizar a junta patelo-femoral. Dado que esta cirurgia é feita “a olho” pelo médico é necessário fornecer um guia de corte da tróclea. A força motivacional para este projeto surge da necessidade de retirar a carga e a pressão a que os cirurgiões estão sujeitos. Já existe software de apoio à cirurgia num plano pré-operatório como o OrthoView ou o PreOperativePlan, no entanto não referem a trocleoplastia. De forma a se obter uma boa correção óssea, um sistema de imagens a três dimensões é necessário. Numa perspetiva geral, pretende-se desenvolver um guia de corte para a trocleoplastia previamente personalizado e de acordo com as características anatómicas do doente. No entanto, para alcançar esse objetivo, a conceção de uma correção deve ter como objetivo a normalidade anatómica do joelho, isto é, realizar uma correção de modo a que o joelho fique com as características o mais parecidas possível da população geral (sem instabilidade patelar). Assim sendo, o objetivo global deste trabalho é o desenvolvimento de uma aplicação informática que faculte ao cirurgião uma visão pré-operatória das cirurgias a três dimensões. Para tal, o software deverá também fazer o cálculo das medidas e ângulos necessários da anatomia humana, bem como verificar as relações patelo-femorais que são necessárias conhecer. Serão feitos testes aos cálculos efetuados pelo software, comparando-os com os cálculos feitos pelos radiologistas. Com base nos pontos anteriores e com a ajuda da literatura é simulado um corte do osso. Será necessário fazer um levantamento exaustivo do tipo de indicações usadas pelos cirurgiões para proceder ao corte, e transformá-las em regras que possam ser usadas no planeamento. O planeamento do corte e a possível geração dos guias de cortes fornecidos pelo programa serão também discutidos com os cirurgiões. É simulado o corte e apresentado o volume a três dimensões da nova forma da tróclea após a correção.
Surgery force the surgeons to a detailed work which often depends on his experience and insight into it. Best results may be obtained if these professionals are supported by imaging systems or robotic systems. This project deals with the first one, in a preparation before surgery, providing to the doctor a perspective by a pre-operative plan. Surgery requires a study on the patient who will be subject, so as to produce a surgical planning. This is done through image, through xrays, computed tomographys (CT) and magnetic resonances (MRI). This preparation is based on calculation of measurements and angles of the human anatomy that are required to study to address the problem that the person suffers. Currently, these measurements are made by surgeons in digital imaging systems, and therefore planning is dependent on the surgeon's experience and skill, using methods of "trial and error" during surgery. So it would be interesting to provide to surgeon a tool which somehow become more accurate the surgical planning, ideally by providing a cutting guide. This project addresses the trochleoplasty. The trochleoplasty is an orthopaedic surgery which consists in cutting the trochlea - distal part of the femur - deepening it, in order to stabilize the patellofemoral joint. It is required to provide to the doctor a cutting guide of the trochlea. The motivating force for this research comes from the need to remove the pressure at which surgeons are subject. There are already some pre-operative plannning surgery supporting softwares as OrthoView or PreOperativePlan, however it not refer trochleoplasty. In order to obtain a good bone repair a three dimensional imaging system is required. In a general perspective, it is intend to develop a previously customized cutting guide according to the anatomical characteristics of the patient. However, to achieve this objective, the design of a correction should aim to an anatomically normal knee, to perform a correction that approaches the characteristics as much as possible as the general population (without patellar instability). Thus, the overall objective of this work is to develop a software application that provides to the surgeon a preoperative and post-operative vision of surgery in three dimensions. Software should also make the calculation of the necessary measures and angles of the human anatomy, as well as check the patella-femoral relations that are necessary to know. Tests will be done to calculations made by software, comparing them to the calculations made by radiologists. Based on the above and with the aid of literature a bone cutting is simulated. This will need to do a comprehensive survey of the type of information used by surgeons to make the cut, and turn them into rules that can be used in planning. The cutting planning and the possible generation of guiding cuts provided by the program will also be discussed with surgeons. The cut is simulated and the three dimensional volume of the new form of the trochlea after correction is presented.
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Prinzing, Claudia Stefanie. "Evaluation der intracochleären Lage von CI-Elektroden mit MRT-/CT-Bildfusion." Doctoral thesis, 2012. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-69524.
Full textAbstract:
MRT und CT liefern komplementäre Informationen über die Strukturen der Cochlea. Um die genaue Lage der Elektrode nach Implantation eines CIs beurteilen zu können, wurden in der vorliegenden Arbeit präoperative MRT-Datensätze und postoperative CT-Datensätze mit dem frei erhältlichen Programm "3D-Slicer" fusioniert. Nach 1350 erfolgten Implantationen am Universitätsklinikum Würzburg konnte bei 16 Ohren die Qualität der Fusion beurteilt und bei 15 Ohren die intracochleäre Lage der CI-Elektroden evaluiert werden. Die manuelle Fusion der Datensätze wurde in einer reproduzierbaren Vorgehensweise umgesetzt und war der automatischen Registrierung überlegen. Bildfusion und -analyse ließen sich umso präziser und sicherer durchführen, je besser die Bildqualität und je kürzer der zeitliche Abstand zwischen der Akquisition von MRT und CT waren. Da die Cochlea bei Geburt bereits ausgewachsen ist, war die Fusion selbst bei den Kindern möglich, deren Schädel in der Zwischenzeit gewachsen war. Aufgrund der seltenen Indikation eines postoperativen CTs und mangelnder Standardisierung der Bildgebung konnte eine Analyse lediglich bei 15 der insgesamt 1350 Ohren mit CI durchgeführt werden. In diesen Fällen ließ sich die Fusion jedoch sehr gut durchführen. Die Sicherheit bei der Beurteilung der Elektrodenlage nimmt in den einzelnen Abschnitten der Cochlea von basal nach apikal ab. Unabhängig davon waren die Entscheidungen für die Elektrodenlage in der Scala tympani mit einer größeren Sicherheit gefällt worden als die für die Lage in der Scala vestibuli. Die genaue Elektrodenlage konnte im Rahmen dieser Studie zwar nicht anhand histologischer Schnitte bewiesen werden, jedoch stimmen die in den fusionierten Bildern analysierten Insertionsstellen mit den in den OP-Berichten dokumentierten Angaben übereinMRI and CI offer complementary information on the temporal bone's structures. Preoperative MRIs and postoperative CTs were registered with the free programm "3D-Slicer" in order to evaluate the intracochlear position of the electrode of cochlear implants. Manual registration was performed in a reproducible procedure
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Ji, Hong-Xuan, and 紀弘軒. "3D Mesh Skeleton Extraction using Minimum Slice Perimeter Function." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15083302709000400701.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
多媒體工程研究所
98
We propose a novel algorithm to extract curve-skeletons from 3D meshes using the minimum slice perimeter (MSP) function. The MSP function is a scalar surface function to measure the local volume information. Through the MSP function, we can find a potential skeleton position to each vertex. We can transform the input mesh into a so called skeleton mesh whose shape is close to a skeleton by moving each vertex to its corresponding potential skeleton positions. After we obtain the skeleton mesh, we apply the LOD simplification to reduce the skeleton mesh. Our LOD simplification aims to preserve the global shape of the skeleton mesh, rather than local shape and features in traditional LOD simplification. The proposed algorithm is simple yet effective in generating reasonably good curve skeletons that have no branches due to surface noise.
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Ho, Tan-Chi, and 何丹期. "Slice-Driven Shape Analysis and Geometry Processing of 3D Models." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00378948943748479416.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立交通大學
資訊科學與工程研究所
99
Intermediate-level surface functions of 3D objects are useful for representing the object’s part-level shape information and structure. In this thesis, we propose an intermediatelevel surface function and explore its applications to geometry processing. The proposed surface function, called minimum slice perimeter function (MSP), is defined in terms of the slices that pass through the surface point and aims to represent the local volume around the surface point. This slice-based MSP represents more accurate local volume information than previous intermediate-level surface functions, such as Shape Diameter Function (SDF) [73] and ia immediately beneficial to applications such as mesh segmentation and skeletonization. Our proposed mesh segmentation algorithm, which takes advantage of local volume information around the surface point, is able to generate hierarchical segmentation where parts on the same level of the hierarchy share similar salience significance, while parts on a level are less significant than parts on their parental level. The proposed mesh skeletonization scheme employs a greedy edge-swap process that extracts the curve skeleton directly from the 3D surface. The resulting skeleton inherently possesses a dense node distribution at the core part and around the junctions which helps to derive a dense skeleton-surface mapping. Moreover, the single salience parameter for branch removal works well and provides a flexible control for deriving skeleton of varying detail. Finally,existing level-of-detail modeling techniques consider only geometric other than semantic information, and hence areas of semantic importance are often oversimplified. To ameliorate the problem, we propose a user-controllable mesh simplification framework that allows users to assign weights on selected regions and obtain a predictable improvement of the resolution over the regions. ii
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Rodrigues, Carlos Daniel Ervedeira. "Big Printer 3D Delta." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/29594.
Full textAbstract:
A impressão 3D é umas das técnicas mais disseminada na indústria nos últimos tempos, devido à sua facilidade de operação, rapidez na obtenção de resultados e ainda o baixo custo associado. No entanto, apresenta ainda lacunas quando se pretende extrapolar para a grande escala devido às limitações dos exemplares que se encontram no mercado ou até mesmo nos componentes que existem e permitem a sua construção.
Na sua maioria, a impressão 3D resulta de processos de manufatura aditiva que são aplicados a impressoras 3D Cartesianas. Este tipo de impressão apresenta limitação no que diz respeito à liberdade de movimentação dos eixos e também do seu volume e velocidade de impressão. Além deste tipo de impressoras, existe as impressoras 3D Delta que permitem responder a estas lacunas, no entanto, a sua estrutura e conceção é mais complexa.
Por forma a responder a uma lacuna na indústria, o presente trabalho de projeto desenvolveu-se sobre a extrapolação de escala de uma impressora 3D Delta comum para uma que permitisse um maior volume útil de impressão (de pelo menos, 1 m3).
Desta forma, procedeu-se ao desenho detalhado dos componentes, sendo que alguns já existiam no mercado cuja adaptação à máquina foi necessária, permitindo a sua modelação 3D em SolidWorks. Por forma, a validar a modelação, realizou-se ainda a sua simulação, permitindo que o modelo virtual estivesse finalizado para o passo seguinte – a construção. Cumprindo o objetivo proposto, a impressora 3D Delta projetada apresenta um volume de impressão de, aproximadamente, 4 m3.
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Wang, Jie, S. Haber-Pohlmeier, A. Pohlmeier, Kira Pitman, Audrey Chan, and P. Galvosas. "Imaging of 3D patterns of slow flow in porous media." 2019. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A38268.
Full textAbstract:
This contribution will report on further challenges if STEMSI is used for the acquisition of water
transport in a heterogeneous root phantom and around the roots of a life plant system. While a 3D MRI
image of the root system with sufficient spatial resolution is necessary it is also important to obtain the
full 3D information of the velocity vector for the water movement in the vicinity of the plant roots.
These requirements need to be balanced against the necessary acquisition time for this 6D data set since
the plant is growing and therefore changing its root system over time. To meet this requirement the
concepts for Stimulated Echo Acquisition Mode (STEAM) [4] have been fully incorporated into the
STEMSI method, thus enabling rapid multi-slice acquisition while retaining sufficient signal to noise
ratios.
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Ning, Jie-Ru, and 寧潔如. "Development of 3D Model Based Definition for the Slide Design." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94508620561734211403.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
機械工程研究所
105
With the development of Computer - aided Design (CAD), the product design evolved from manual mapping to today''s 3D modeling. While the 3D model is able to display the geometric characteristics directly, non-geometric features cannot show properly. Therefore, in the product design process, 3D model is the role of auxiliary design. With the development of Model Based Definition (MBD) technology, CAD software has developed adding the defined manufacturing and design information directly to the 3D model, changing the traditional manufacturing method. MBD model not only contains the geometric feature information also contains the information such as dimensions, tolerances and design information so that the 3D model will replace the traditional 2D drawings in the future and become the only tool for product design and manufacturing information delivery. This study is based on the concept of MBD technology to develop a slide design navigating system. Using software - Creo Parametric and network technology and its secondary development tools to store product information in the sample file. Using the parameters to change features for the required model, effectively reduce the product development process and time. Also, the study develop a function - dimension-labeled to simplify the labeling step which help users quickly build the size and tolerance. Through the study, the system can save 70% of the model building time and 50% of the dimension labeling time for slide product and achieve the purpose of MBD technology.
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Yang, Kai-Xiang, and 楊凱翔. "Study of Improving the Dimension Precision of 3D Printer’s Slide Component." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/c522m4.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
製造科技研究所
105
The slider of 3D printer moves up and down on the guide bar when the 3D printer is working. If the roundness of two circles and center distance of two circles is poor, it will not be able to move smoothly. In this study, Moldex3D software was used to investigate the gate design and processing parameter that affect the roundness ant center distance. To find the significant factors and optimize injection molding parameters, orthogonal array L18 (21×37) of Taguchi Method was used. Significant factors test and the confidence intervals calculated by using Analysis of Variance, ANOVA. Results show the significant factors affect the roundness are the gate type, the melt temperature, the packing time, and the cooling time, respectively. The significant factors affect the center distance are the gate type, the melt temperature, and the packing time. Compare with the original design, roundness and center distance of optimal process improved 0.073 mm and 0.170 mm, respectively.
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Lin, Feng-Chih, and 林豐池. "3D Liver Contour Reconstruction from Dual Ultrasound Slices Using Active Contour Model Segmentation and Image-Guided Tracking." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92904932712509158838.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
電機工程學研究所
100
An image-guided system for a liver tracking is presented in this thesis. Traditional medical image-guided systems include computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound image (US). While considering frame rate and invasiveness, the ultrasound image-guided system is proposed for tracking the liver motion. The main objective is to use ultrasound image for continuously tracking liver motion and for tumor treatment. Traditional template matching cannot describe the non-rigid body motion, and consume a large amount of computational time. To improve the accuracy and computation speed, two tracking methods are tested, including optical flow and neural network. Two different scenarios are experimentally tested. In the first scenario, the “subject” breathes normally. In the second scenario, the “subject” varies between taking deep and slow breathes, holding his breath, or panting rapidly. For the first scenario, all three methods could track the target motion successfully, while, for the second scenario, all methods might lose the target occasionally. The primary methods of existing 3D contour reconstruction scan a static organ with moving probe. However, this idea is not suitable for dynamic organ. A low-cost and flexible ultrasound imaging system which combines contour registration with image segmentation for 3D reconstructions from limited numbers of 2D contours is presented. The proposed approach is based on a fixed ultrasound probe system that collect each partial 2D imaging through the liver motion due to respiration. For reliable reconstruction performance, a new method for image segmentation and contour registration is developed. A new hybrid approach that provides reliable segmentation performance with texture distance image and active contour model is presented. Second, using the segmented contour, a new dual contours registration method is introduced. The approach uses additional probe to track the position of acquisition of images during scanning. Then, the contour registration is performed using contour for iterative closest point (ICP) matching. This registration system allows for accurate 3D reconstructions from sparse 2D image slices.
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Ulrich, Slif D. [Verfasser]. "Die klinische Anwendung des 3D-Slicers zur Beurteilung kernspintomographischer Aufnahmen von Patienten mit Glioblastomrezidiven / vorgelegt von Slif D. Ulrich." 2009. http://d-nb.info/993630138/34.
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Chen, Yi-Chun, and 陳怡君. "A Preliminary Study of 3D Digital Modeling Technology for Glass Slide Projectors of Film Theater in Taiwan." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42632646610202581084.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
文化資產維護系
104
The conservation of industrial heritage is a difficult task. In order to reduce losses, approaches that perform quick record of status of heritage have always been addressed. This research focued on glass slide projectors as industrial heritage for 3D modeling. Glass slide projectors was one of the auxiliary tools used in film theater in Taiwan. This kind of slide projectors helped to inform audiences some public announcements in early days that the communication technologies were not developed well. In this study, three kinds of 3D digital modeling technologies and devices were used to build 3D digital model for glass slide projectors. The 3D digital modeling technologies and devices in this research were Image-based-modeling (IBM) software ”Agisoft Photoscan”, Artec Spider 3D scanner, and absolute arm with external laser scanner. As the result, the 3D digital models built by Agisoft Photoscan and absolute arm with external laser scanner were more applicable to record 3D information of glass slide projectors and components. The results show that Image-based-modeling and absolute arm with external laser scanner were able to record the outward appearance, significant deterioration and vestige of the glass slide projectors. This research provides a suggested way for recording glass slide projectors and Industrial heritage for the future.