Dissertations / Theses: '3D printing model'

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Pavlyuk, M. O. "3D printers and printing." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45447.

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What is a 3D printer? Is any fiction or real technology? 3D-printer - a device that uses the method of layering creating of a physical object in a digital 3D-model.In fact 3D printer is a device that can print any volumetric product. 3D-printing can be implemented in different ways and it uses materials.

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Elander, Sofia, and Elin Bolmstad. "Byggnadsmodellers anpassning inför 3D-utskift & dess användning." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30502.

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Syfte: Att utreda hur digitala 3D-modeller bör anpassas inför utskrift i en 3D-skrivare samt undersöka hur en sådan modell kan användas i byggprocessens olika skeden. Metod: En fallstudie genomförs med en befintlig digital 3D-modell som utgångspunkt där intervjuer och action research används som datainsamlingsmetoder. Empirin jämförs och analyseras med det teoretiska ramverket som tagits fram genom litteraturstudier. Resultat: En fysisk 3D-modell skulle kunna användas i flera skeden i byggprocessen, huvudsakligen i idéskedet, produktionsskedet och genomgående processen som ett kommunikationsverktyg och vid reklam/försäljning/presentation för ökad förstående. Inför utskrift bör alla byggnadsdelar vara solida, detaljer bör raderas beroende på skala och komponenter bör bestå av samma material. Konsekvenser: Då intervjuerna utförs med personer med varierande kunskap och erfarenhet är det viktigt att beakta det faktum att förslag på användningsområden eventuellt inte är genomförbara i praktiken då dessa är önskemål. Trots detta kan användning av fysiska 3D-modeller rekommenderas i flera av byggprocessens skeden för ökad förståelse och bättre kommunikation, vilket även styrks av det teoretiska ramverket. Gällande anpassningar av en digital modell krävs en digital 3D-model som utgångspunkt och viss vana av 3D-projektering. Begränsningar: Då denna studie är en fallstudie utförd på ett specifikt fall, kan kunskap och rekommendationer inte generaliseras statistiskt på andra typer av byggnader. Dock kan resultatet i denna studie implementeras på liknande projekt om små justeringar tillämpas. På grund av det faktum att studien är kvalitativ med ett begränsat antal respondenter finns möjlighet till ett annat resultat om utförandet skett med andra förutsättningar. Nyckelord: BIM-modell, fysisk byggnadsmodell, 3D-modell, 3D-skrivare, 3D- utskrift
Purpose: To investigate how digital 3D models should be adapted to enable 3D printing for use in the construction process in its various stages. Method: A case study is conducted with an existing digital 3D-model where interviews and action research is used as a data collection method. The empirical data are compared and analyzed with the theoretical framework developed through literature studies. Findings: A physical 3D model can be used at several stages in the construction process, mainly in idea development stages, the production stage and throughout the process as a communication tool and for advertising/sales/presentation for increased understanding. Prior to printing, all parts of the building should be solid, details should be erased depending on the scale used and components should consist of the same material. Implications: Based on interviews with people with varying knowledge and experience within the subject, it is important to take into consideration the fact that the proposals on the fields of use may not be enforceable in reality since they are requests. Despite this, the use of physical 3D models can be recommended in several construction phases of the process for greater understanding and better communication, which is corroborated by the theoretical framework. Adaptions of a digital model require a digital 3D model as a prerequisite and a certain experience of 3D design. Limitations: Since this study is a case study conducted in a specific case, knowledge and recommendations cannot be generalized statistically to other types of buildings. However, with small adjustments, this study can be implemented in similar projects. Due to the fact that the study is qualitative with a limited number of interviewees, there is a possibility of a different result if the execution occurred with other conditions. Keywords: BIM model, physical building model, 3D model, 3D printer, 3D printing

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Bouchal, Petr. "Vývoj 3D FDM tiskárny implementace na trh." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241863.

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The result of this thesis is to create an overview of available 3D printing technologies, design a 3D FDM printer, create an instructional manual on the assembling and create a business model of a 3D printing company.

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Sodomka, Petr. "Simulace vlivů vyhřívané podložky na tisknutý model u 3D tiskárny." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221091.

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This diploma thesis solves the 3D printing problematics for non-commercial printers. Firstly possibilities of its using, heat diffusion and printing materials are described. Next part of thesis is focused on heating pads and printing nozzles for which 3D models in SolidWorks software are created. The temperature analyzes are tested with these models and then comparing of results is done. Working models for SolidWorks Plastics and SolidWorks Simulation software is created in following part. Thanks to this software tools printing model is simulated and deformation creating in printing process is observed. The most suitable solutions are chosen from gained solutions.

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Li, Xin. "Building a Business Model to Increase Funding for Karlskrona Makerspace." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-11510.

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The past decade spotlighted a trend, which is that of individual users taking the role of innovators and physically creating their own products by explooting model additive manufacturing techniques. This trend emphasized the need for facilities able to serve as a platform for passionate makers to share knowledge, meet others and provides opportunities to realize their ideas. One of these platforms is Karlskrona Makerspace (KMS). KMS is located at Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH) and provides 3D printing service, CNC milling machine and other facilities to help companies and individuals build physical prototypes. The purpose of this thesis is to expand the business of KMS and offer their service to more people. The study collects customer needs from potential KMS customers and aims at obtaining a viable business model after ranking risks. The main methodology used for building a business model is Running Lean Methodology to clear up complex associations in a business. The result shows that the business model identifies target customers, and clarifies the solutions to increase funding for KMS.

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Onyeako, Isidore. "Resolution-aware Slicing of CAD Data for 3D Printing." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34303.

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3D printing applications have achieved increased success as an additive manufacturing (AM) process. Micro-structure of mechanical/biological materials present design challenges owing to the resolution of 3D printers and material properties/composition. Biological materials are complex in structure and composition. Efforts have been made by 3D printer manufacturers to provide materials with varying physical, mechanical and chemical properties, to handle simple to complex applications. As 3D printing is finding more medical applications, we expect future uses in areas such as hip replacement - where smoothness of the femoral head is important to reduce friction that can cause a lot of pain to a patient. The issue of print resolution plays a vital role due to staircase effect. In some practical applications where 3D printing is intended to produce replacement parts with joints with movable parts, low resolution printing results in fused joints when the joint clearance is intended to be very small. Various 3D printers are capable of print resolutions of up to 600dpi (dots per inch) as quoted in their datasheets. Although the above quoted level of detail can satisfy the micro-structure needs of a large set of biological/mechanical models under investigation, it is important to include the ability of a 3D slicing application to check that the printer can properly produce the feature with the smallest detail in a model. A way to perform this check would be the physical measurement of printed parts and comparison to expected results. Our work includes a method for using ray casting to detect features in the 3D CAD models whose sizes are below the minimum allowed by the printer resolution. The resolution validation method is tested using a few simple and complex 3D models. Our proposed method serves two purposes: (a) to assist CAD model designers in developing models whose printability is assured. This is achieved by warning or preventing the designer when they are about to perform shape operations that will lead to regions/features with sizes lower than that of the printer resolution; (b) to validate slicing outputs before generation of G-Codes to identify regions/features with sizes lower than the printer resolution.

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Madeleine, Wedlund, and Bergman Jonathan. "Decision support model for selecting additive or subtractive manufacturing." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Maskinteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-26996.

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Additive manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, is a manufacturing method where components are produced by successively adding material to the product layer by layer, unlike traditional machining where material is subtracted from a workpiece. There are advantages and disadvantages with both methods and it can be a complex problem to determine when one method is preferable to the other. The purpose of this study is to develop a decision support model (DSM) that quickly guides the end user in selecting an appropriate method with regards to production costs. Information is gathered through a literature study and interviews with people working with AM and CNC machining. The model takes into consideration material selection, size, times, quantities, geometric complexity, post-processing and environmental aspects. The DSM was formulated in Microsoft Excel. The difference in costs between each method in relation to quantity and complexity was made and compared to the literature. The AM model is verified with calculations from the Sandvik Additive Manufacturing. The margin of error is low, around two to six percent, when waste material isn’t included in the calculations. Unfortunately, verification of the CNC model hasn’t been performed due to a lack of data, which is therefore recommended as future work. The conclusion of the study is that AM will not replace any existing manufacturing method anytime soon. It is, however, a good complement to the metalworking industry, since small, complex parts with few tolerances benefits from AM. An investigation of existing solutions/services related to the study was also performed with the ambition that the DSM can complement existing solutions. It was found that while there are many services that helps companies with implementing AM through consulting, few provides any software to assist the company. Regarding the question if AM is profitable for certain products, only one software fulfilled that demand, though it didn’t provide any actual costs. The DSM therefore fills a gap among the existing services and software.
Additiv tillverkning (AM), eller 3D-printing, är en tillverkningsmetod där komponenter produceras genom att succesivt addera material till produkten lagervis, till skillnad från skärande bearbetning där material subtraheras från ett arbetsstycke. Det finns fördelar och nackdelar med respektive metod och det kan vara ett komplext problem att avgöra när den ena metoden är att föredra framför den andra. Syftet med denna studie är att utveckla en beslutstödjande modell (DSM) som hjälper användaren välja lämplig metod med avseende på produktionskostnader. Information inhämtas genom en litteraturstudie samt intervjuer med personer som arbetar med AM och skärande bearbetning. Modellen tar hänsyn till material, storlek, tider, geometrisk komplexitet, efterbearbetning och miljöeffekter. Den beslutstödjande modellen skapades i Microsoft Excel. Skillnaden i pris mellan respektive tillverkningsmetod beroende på antal och komplexitet jämfördes mot litteraturstudien. Modellen för AM verifieras med hjälp av kostnadskalkyler från Sandvik Additive Manufacturing. Felmarginalen är förhållandevis låg på cirka två till sex procent när spillmaterial inte tas hänsyn till. Tyvärr har modellen för skärande bearbetning inte verifieras på grund av en brist på data, vilket därför rekommenderas som fortsatt arbete. Slutsatsen är att AM inte kommer ersätta någon nuvarande tillverkningsmetod. Det är dock ett bra komplement till metallindustrin eftersom små, komplexa komponenter med få toleranskrav gynnas av AM. En undersökning över nuvarande tjänster relaterat till studien genomfördes med ambitionen att utreda om den beslutstödjande modellen kompletterar dessa. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att medan det finns många konsulttjänster som hjälper ett företag implementera AM så är det få som erbjuder någon form av mjukvara. Gällande frågan om AM är lönsam för vissa produkter så var det bara en mjukvara som kunde besvara den, dock utan att visa några kostnader. Den beslutstödjande modellen framtagen i denna studie fyller därmed en funktion bland nuvarande tjänster och mjukvaror.

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Yurie, Hirofumi. "The efficacy of a scaffold-free Bio 3D conduit developed from human fibroblasts on peripheral nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve model." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242407.

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Kuthe, Sudhanshu. "Multimaterial 3D Printing of a mechanically representative aortic model for the testing of novel biomedical implants." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-260281.

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Aortic stenosis is a serious cardiovascular disease that requires urgent attention and surgical intervention. If not treated, aortic stenosis can result in heart attack or cardiac arrest. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement is a surgical technique that is used to treat aortic stenosis. Like all heart surgery, the procedure is difficult to perform and may lead to life-threatening complications. It is therefore important for a surgeon to be able to plan and rehearse the surgery before the operation to minimise risk to the patient. A detailed study was carried out to develop a 3D-printed, improved surgical tool for patient-specific planning and rehearsal of a Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement procedure. With this new tool, a cardiologist will be able better to understand a specific patient’s heart geometry and practice the procedure in advance. Computer tomography images were processed using image segmentation software to identify the anatomy of a specific patient’s heart and the surrounding blood vessels. Using materials design concepts, a polymer composite was developed that is able to mimic the mechanical properties of aortic tissue. State-of-art multi-material 3D printing technology was then used to produce a replica aorta with a geometry that matched that of the patient. An artificial aortic valve, identical to the type used in the Transcatheter Aortic valve replacement procedure, was then fitted to the replica aorta and was shown, using a standard test, to be a good fit with no obvious leaks.
Aortastenos är en hjärtsjukdom som får mycket uppmärksamhet och kräver kirurgi på grund av dess katastrofala komplikationer. Den allvarligaste komplikationen av aortastenos är hjärtinfarkt och resulterande hjärtstopp. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement är en kardiovaskulär intervention som erbjuds för patienter med aortastenos. Denna typ av hjärtkirurgi är komplex och kan orsaka livshotande situationer för patienten om något går snett under operationen. Det är därför viktigt för kirurgen att kunna planera ingreppet innan han eller hon utför själva operationen för att minimera fara för patienten. Denna detaljerade studie ämnar utveckla och förbättra det kirurgiska verktyget för preoperativ planering av Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement genom 3D- tryckning. Forskningsarbetet kommer att ge kardiologer ett nytt sätt att förstå patientens hjärta i detalj och ett ökat förtroende för att träna på ingreppet på förhand. Datortomografibilder behandlades med hjälp av en bildsegmentationsprogramvara för att kunna skapa en anatomiskt korrekt kopia av patientens hjärta och tillhörande kärl. Genom att applicera material-vetenskapslära kan ett nytt kompositmaterial utvecklas med exakt samma mekaniska egenskaper som naturlig aortavävnad. Den mest moderna 3D-trycktekniken användes sedan för att producera en patientspecifik aorta. En artificiell aortaklaff placerades i den nyproducerade aortamodellen och tester visade en perfekt matchning utan läckage.

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Berggren, Marcus. "EVALUATION OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURINGSCALABILITY : Optimization model development for understanding the problem of Industrial 3D-printing production." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för industriell ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18890.

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In industrial design, additive manufacturing technology is one of the key technologies that have changed the way of producing metal component parts on short demand. Because of competitiveness among industries and the requirement to keep up with thegrowth of thesmart factory technology, the industries are pushed to step up and take further steps towards industry 4.0. Today the AM technology is used at prototype scale, but previous literature says that for the technology to reach the full capacity, it needs to be scaled up. Previous literature shows that improvements in the supply chain are necessary in order to scale up the industrial production and achieve high-scale adoption of the technology. As there are few sourcesin the literature about AM scalability or finding critical improvements in terms of lead times, costs and material consumptions, this study will fill that gap. The main objective of this research is to study small-scale 3D printing in the AM industries with two main industrial objectives in mind: 1 –Understanding the problem of optimization of a small-scale 3D printing operation in the industry and 2 –projecting a scenario regarding the scaling up of such facilities to reach full industrial production capacity. The method used for finding improvements in the additive manufacturing supply chain was optimization. I have developed the Overall Material Flow Effectiveness model (OMFE), which is an optimization model that takes into consideration the relevantparameters of the AM material flow regarding lead times, costs and material consumption. A literature review was conducted to determine the research design and what has and not been investigated. A sensitivity analysis was performed, which provided information aboutissues of scale, size and significance of optimizing a prototyping model,andalso aboutanalyzing the optimization model development in terms of evaluating the prototyping, making it better and scaling up to high-level production. The optimal material flow of the AM industry is a scaled-up production with implemented improvements regarding transport and cost. By comparing it with the current prototype production, it is possible to identifythat all of the OMFE related factors have higher percentages. The top losses within the current AM industry are related to non-human processes. The most significant optimization loss is the loss of transport, where the time from supplier to goods reception have a significant influence. The second largestlossis cost,generated bylabour management.

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Cucher, Daniel Jeremy. "Micronutrient-Enhanced Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Treatment of Peritoneal Metastasis: A Novel Experimental Design." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/560615.

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Introduction: Peritoneal carcinomatosis is an end stage sequela occurring in 10% of patients with colorectal cancer. Palliative approaches have evolved over the past several decades and the role for surgical cytoreduction with hyperthermic intraperitoineal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has proven efficacy in several studies. Optimization of HIPEC therapy includes the addition of adjuncts to the carrier solution of intraperitoneal chemotherapy to improve tumor cell killing. In this study the addition of vitamin C, selenium, and quercetin ("micronutrient combination") to mitomycin C is evaluated in-vitro, and a novel murine model of HIPEC is developed using a hyperthermic chemotherapy infuser device designed de novo and printed on a 3D resin printer. Methods: HCT-116 cells were grown in culture and divided into treatment groups including: control, micronutrient combination, mitomycin C, and mitomycin C + micronutrient combination. Groups were cultured up to 72 hours after treatment and then subjected to MTT assay, crystal violet assay, trypan blue synergy assay, clonogenicity assay, cell cycle assessment by flow cytometry with propidium iodide, and western blotting for cleaved caspase-3. The infuser device was designed in a CAD environment, printed on a 3D resin printer, and underwent fluid temperature stability analysis and flow experiments by infusing methylene blue into live mice followed by necropsy and analysis of dyeing patterns. Results: MCC treated cells proliferated at 32.7%, and tumor cells treated with MCC + MNC carrier solution proliferated at 27.3%. Normothermic MCC and the MNC alone caused a 26.8% and 33.3% reduction in cell survival, and MCC delivered to cells in the micronutrient combination solution decreased cell survival by 53.2%. 95.3% and 99% of cells treated with MCC or MNC alone demonstrated viability, and 85% of cells treated with MCC + MNC demonstrated short term viability, suggesting synergy. HCT-116 clonogenicity is disrupted by MCC and MNC individually, and nonexistent in the MCC + MNC treatment group. Cleaved caspase-3 mediated apoptosis is upregulated by MCC, and by MNC to a lesser extent. Flow cytometry apoptosis demonstrates increased S-phase cell cycle arrest in the MCC + MNC sample. The mouse infuser HIPEC apparatus demonstrated an thorough distribution of blue dye in predictable regions of the abdomen with an acceptable range of hyperthermic regulation.

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Momotenko, Ruslana, Artem Terzi, and Yuryi Vlasenko. "Preparation of geometric data for 3D prototyping." Thesis, National aviation university, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/52827.

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1. Kasik D.J., Buxton W., Ferguson D.R. Ten cad challenges // IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. 2005. (25). C. 81–92. 2. NURBS-based and parametric-based shape optimization with differentiated CAD kernel // Computer-Aided Design and Applications. 2018. № 6 (15). 3. STL, 3D Manufacturing Format, and Additive Manufacturing File Export Options [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://help.solidworks.com/2018/english/SolidWorks/ sldworks/HIDD_STL.htm
Despite the presence of high-tech CAD/CAM/CAE-systems, the problem of exchanging engineering data, primarily the structural elements of models, remains at this time not fully resolved. Both open data formats, such as STEP, IGES, etc., and polygonal STL formats, etc., do not solve the problem. Of course, these problems increase as the complexity of product models grows, but they also exist when using 3D prototyping technologies.
Незважаючи на наявність високотехнологічних CAD/CAM/CAE-систем, проблема обміну інженерними даними, насамперед структурними елементами моделей, залишається досі не повністю вирішеною. Як відкриті формати даних, такі як STEP, IGES тощо, так і багатокутні формати STL тощо, не вирішують проблему. Звичайно, ці проблеми зростають із зростанням складності моделей продуктів, але вони також існують при використанні технологій 3D-прототипування.

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Correia, Rodrigo Emanuel de Almeida. "De que forma estão os retalhistas a incorporar aplicações 3D no seu modelo de negócio? Caso de estudo." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19203.

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Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia Industrial
Com os recentes desenvolvimentos tecnológicos cada vez de ciclos mais reduzidos aliados a uma incessante busca pela inovação, as empresas necessitam de tomar decisões que as permita distanciar-se e ao mesmo tempo diferenciar-se da concorrência. A tecnologia de impressão 3D é um tema cada vez mais discutido ao longo dos últimos anos pelas suas características promissoras face à manufatura tradicional, em grande parte potenciadas pelos avanços tecnológicos referidos anteriormente. No entanto, poucos estudos existem sobre a sua aplicação em outros contextos empresariais, como o caso do contexto retalhista. Ainda que existam alguns estudos abrangendo as aplicações da tecnologia em determinadas fases da cadeia de valor de uma empresa, são desconhecidos estudos que permitam analisar a impressão 3D no contexto retalhista na forma de serviço. A presente investigação pretende evidenciar as diferenças existentes no modelo de negócio de uma empresa retalhista antes e depois da implementação da tecnologia de impressão 3D. Para esse efeito, utilizou-se um modelo de análise que permitiu contrastar as diferenças ao nível do modelo de negócio e ao mesmo tempo equiparar os resultados com a literatura encontrada sobre o tema. Segundo os dados analisados, é possível chegar à conclusão de que a impressão 3D permitiu reestruturar o modelo de negócio existente na empresa de forma positiva, alterando todas as componentes que o compõem, permitindo também obter conclusões relativamente à sua viabilidade em contexto nacional.
With the recent technological developments in ever-shrinking cycles coupled with a relentless pursuit for innovation, companies need to make decisions that allow them to distance themselves while differing from the competition. 3D printing technology has been a subject that has been increasingly discussed over the last few years for its promising characteristics compared to traditional manufacturing, greatly enhanced by the technological advances. However, few studies exist about its application in other business contexts, such as the retail context. Although there are some studies covering the applications of technology in certain phases of the value chain of a company, studies that analyze 3D printing in the retail context as a service are unknown. This research aims to highlight the differences in the business model of a retail company before and after the implementation of 3D printing technology. For this, we used an analysis model that allowed us to contrast the differences at the business model level and at the same time to match the results with the literature found on the subject. According to the data analyzed, it is possible to conclude that 3D printing made it possible to restructure the existing business model in the company in a positive way, changing all its components, and also allowing conclusions to be reached regarding its feasibility in a national context.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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Sobota, Matej. "Návrh funkčního modelu válcového dynamometru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401552.

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The aim of my diploma thesis was engineering design of 4x4 chassis dynamometer model at 1:10 scale for presentation purpose and for testing RC cars models. The first part describes the current types of chassis dynamometers. The main goal of the thesis was designed the model itself in order to produce some parts of the dynamometer using 3D printing. The work also includes production drawings of individual parts and economic estimate of the entire production.

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Гордюк, Іван Васильович, Ivan Vasilyevich Gordyuk, Анжела Борисівна Зузяк, and Angela Borisivna Zuziak. "Особливості використання технології 3D-друку в будівництві." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/37949.

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Cortella, Giacomo. "Development of a polyplexes-based miRNA delivery system in a 3D-bioplotted osteoarthritis cellular model." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/25380/.

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L'osteoartrite (OA) è una patologia infiammatorio/degenerativa ossea per la quale non sono disponibili terapie causali efficaci ma solo approcci palliativi per la riduzione del dolore cronico. E’ quindi giustificato un investimento per individuare nuove strategie di trattamento. In quest’ottica, lo scopo di questa tesi è stato quello di indagare l’efficacia di polyplexi a base di chitosano o di PEI-g-PEG in un modello cellulare 3D in vitro basato su un hydrogel di Gellan Gum Metacrilato (GGMA) con a bordo condrociti in condizioni simulate di OA. Inizialmente sono state studiate la dimensione e il potenziale-Z di un pool di formulazioni di poliplexi. Quindi se ne è valutata la citocompatibilità utilizzando cellule staminali mesenchimali immortalizzate Y201. Infine, una miscela di GGMA, cellule e polyplexi è stata utilizzata per la stampa 3D di campioni che sono stati coltivati fino a 14 giorni. La condizione OA è stata simulata trattando le cellule con una miscela di citochine implicate nello sviluppo della malattia. Tutte le formulazioni a base di chitosano e due basate su PEI-g-PEG si sono dimostrate citocompatibili e sono hanno veicolato i miRNA nelle cellule (come mostrato dai risultati di analisi in fluorescenza). I risultati delle colorazioni H&E e AlcianBlue hanno confermato che il terreno condizionato ha ben ricreato le condizioni di OA. I polyplexi a base di chitosano e PEI-g-PEG hanno controbilanciato gli effetti delle citochine. Risultati incoraggianti, anche se da approfondire ulteriormente, provengono anche dall’analisi di espressione (RT-PCR) di cinque geni specifici della cartilagine. Concludendo, questo modello ha ben riprodotto le condizioni di OA in vitro; il chitosano ha mostrato di essere un adeguato veicolo per un trattamento a base di miRNA; il PEI-g-PEG si propone come un'alternativa più economica e ragionevolmente affidabile, sebbene il rischio di citotossicità alle concentrazioni più elevate richieda una più esteva validazione sperimentale.

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Sekerka, Vít. "Výroba dílů technologií DMLS a jejich porovnání s jinými konvenčními technologiemi z hlediska ekonomické náročnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229969.

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This diploma thesis presents a technology based on the gradual smelting of fine layers of metal powder by using a laser beam. It explains and describes basic terminology related to the Rapid Prototyping technology, its division and practical usage. A part of the thesis is also the fabrication of several prototype parts by Direct Metal Laser Sintering including the economical comparison of their fabrication with other conventional technologies.

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Martens, Robert. "Strategies for Adopting Additive Manufacturing Technology Into Business Models." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5572.

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Additive manufacturing (AM), also called 3-dimensional printing (3DP), emerged as a disruptive technology affecting multiple organizations' business models and supply chains and endangering incumbents' financial health, or even rendering them obsolete. The world market for products created by AM has increased more than 25% year over year. Using Christensen's theory of disruptive innovation as a conceptual framework, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the successful strategies that 4 individual managers, 1 at each of 4 different light and high-tech manufacturing companies in the Netherlands, used to adopt AM technology into their business models. Participant firms originated from 3 provinces and included a value-added logistics service provider and 3 machine shops serving various industries, including the automotive and medical sectors. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, member checking, and analysis of company documents that provided information about the adoption of 3DP into business models. Using Yin's 5-step data analysis approach, data were compiled, disassembled, reassembled, interpreted, and concluded until 3 major themes emerged: identify business opportunities for AM technology, experiment with AM technology, and embed AM technology. Because of the design freedom the use of AM enables, in combination with its environmental efficiency, the implications for positive social change include possibilities for increasing local employment, improving the environment, and enhancing healthcare for the prosperity of local and global citizens by providing potential solutions that managers could use to deploy AM technology.

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Dejan, Movrin. "Optimizacija parametara postprocesiranja u tehnologiji vezivne 3D štampe." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2017. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=104730&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Istraživanja predstavljena u disertaciji imala su za cilj formiranjeregresionog modela procesa vakuumske infiltracije u postupku vezivne3D štampe, radi uspostavljanja analitičke zavisnosti između ključnihtehnoloških parametara infiltracije i mehaničke čvrstoćeinfiltriranih epruveta. Dizajn eksperimenta i optimizacijuparametara su izvršeni korišćenjem novog postupka dizajnaeksperimenta, Definitive Screening Design. U poređenju sa literaturnodostupnim rezultatima zatezne čvrstoće, dobijenim primenomkomercijalnih prahova, vezivnih sredstava i epoksidnih infiltranata,optimizovanim parametrima vakuum infiltracije zatezna čvrstoćaepruveta je poboljšana za 23%.
The research presented in this thesis was aimed at forming a regressionmodel of the vacuum-assisted infiltration process in binder printingtechnology (3DP). The goal was to establish analytical relationship betweenkey infiltration technological parameters and tensile strength of infiltratedparts. The design of experiment and optimization of the infiltration processwas performed using a novel Definitive Screening Design method. Comparedto the literature results which pertain to tensile strength obtained usingcommercial powders, binders, and epoxy infiltrates, the optimized model ofvacuum-assisted infiltration yielded an increase of 23% in tensile strength.

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Wampler, Dean Thomas. "Fluid Flow Characterization and in Silico Validation in a Rapid Prototyped Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Model." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2017. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1805.

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Aortic aneurysms are the 14th leading cause of death in the United States. Annually, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) ruptures are responsible for 4500 deaths. There are another 45,000 repair procedures performed to prevent rupture, and of these approximately 1400 lead to deaths. With proper detection, the aneurysm may be treated using endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Understanding how the flow of the blood within the artery is affected by the aneurysm is important in determining the growth of the aneurysm, as well as how to properly treat the aneurysm. The goal of this project was to develop a physical construct of the AAA, and use this construct to validate a computational model of the same aneurysm through flow visualization. The hypothesis was that the fluid velocities within the physical construct would accurately mimic the fluid velocities used in the computational model. The physical model was created from a CT scan of an AAA using 3D printing and polymer casting. The result was a translucent box containing a region in the shape of the aneurysm. Fluid was pumped through the construct to visualize and quantify the velocity of the fluid within the aneurysm. COMSOL Multiphysics® was used to create a computational model of the same aneurysm, as well as obtain velocity measurements to statistically compare to those from the physical construct. There was no significant difference between the velocity values for the physical construct and the COMSOL Multiphysics® model, confirming the hypothesis. This study used a CT scan to create an anatomically accurate model of an AAA that was used to validate a computational model using a novel technique of flow visualization. As EVAR technologies continue to progress, it will become increasingly important to understand how the blood flow within the aneurysm affects the growth and treatment of AAAs.

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Chakraborty, Promita. "A Computational Framework for Interacting with Physical Molecular Models of the Polypeptide Chain." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/47932.

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Although nonflexible, scaled molecular models like Pauling-Corey's and its descendants have made significant contributions in structural biology research and pedagogy, recent technical advances in 3D printing and electronics make it possible to go one step further in designing physical models of biomacromolecules: to make them conformationally dynamic. We report the design, construction, and validation of a flexible, scaled, physical model of the polypeptide chain, which accurately reproduces the bond rotational degrees-of-freedom in the peptide backbone. The coarse-grained backbone model consists of repeating amide and alpha-carbon units, connected by mechanical bonds (corresponding to phi and psi angles) that include realistic barriers to rotation that closely approximate those found at the molecular scale. Longer-range hydrogen-bonding interactions are also incorporated, allowing the chain to easily fold into stable secondary structures. This physical model can serve as the basis for linking tangible bio-macromolecular models directly to the vast array of existing computational tools to provide an enhanced and interactive human-computer interface. We have explored the boundaries of this direction at the interface of computational tools and physical models of biological macromolecules at the nano-scale. Using a CAD-biocomputational framework, we have provided a methodology to design and build physical protein models focusing on shape and dynamics. We have also developed a workflow and an interface implemented for such bio-modeling tools. This physical-digital interface paradigm, at the intersection of native state proteins (P), computational models (C) and physical models (P), provides new opportunities for building an interactive computational modeling tool for protein folding and drug design. Furthermore, this model is easily constructed with readily obtainable parts and promises to be a tremendous educational aid to the intuitive understanding of chain folding as the basis for macromolecular structure.
Ph. D.

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Mahn, Uwe, Jörg Matthes, and Anna Maronek. "Topologieoptimierung und CAD- Modellaufbereitung für den 3D-Druck." Technische Universität Chemnitz, 2018. https://monarch.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21510.

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Neuartige funktionsbedingte Bauteilgeometrien in geringen Stückzahlen lassen sich mit verschiedenen Methoden der additiv, generativen Fertigung, populärwissenschaftlich 3D- Druck genannt, effizient herstellen. Für den Konstrukteur solcher Bauteile bedeutet dies ebenfalls neuartige Methoden als bisher anzuwenden. Bauteilgeometrien, die hinsichtlich einer Zielgröße optimiert sind, können mit der Topologieoptimierung auf Basis eines FE- Modells rechnerisch ermittelt werden. Während die Topologieoptimierung schon seit längerem bekannt und etabliert ist, war die durchgängige Nutzung einer gemeinsamen Datenbasis häufig durch Hindernisse geprägt. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die heutigen Möglichkeiten anhand des FE-Systems ANSYS aufgezeigt und hinsichtlich des effizienten praktischen Einsatzes bewertet.
Innovative function-related component geometries in small quantities can be produced efficiently with different methods of additive, generative manufacturing, in a popular science known as 3D printing. For the designer of such components it also means to use other methods as usual. Component geometries optimized regarding to a target size can be calculated using topology optimization based on a FE model. While topology optimization has been known and established for a long time, the consistent use of a common database was often characterized by obstacles. In this article today's possibilities are shown with the FE system ANSYS and evaluated with regard of the efficient practical use.

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Vašek, Vojtěch. "Použití modelů zhotovených technologii 3D tisku při výrobě odlitků do bentonitových forem na formovací lince." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319282.

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Shortening of the time required to make first product after demand is a crucial factor in every field of industry, not excluding the foundry. To lower this delay, there are rapid prototyping methods. The aim of this thesis is to execute an experiment and then evaluate possibilities of using patterns made by 3D FDM printer on an automatic molding line.

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Nun, Nicholas. "Improving Skin Wound Healing Using Functional Electrospun Wound Dressings and 3D Printed Tissue Engineering Constructs." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1617985844538101.

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Lahr, Christoph Alexander. "Tissue-engineering humanised bone sarcoma models in rodents-a preclinical study platform for orthopaedic research." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/207759/1/Christoph%20Alexander_Lahr_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis is a step forward in preclinical in-vivo disease modelling, designed to find new diagnostic and therapeutic options, to ultimately improve the poor outcome of patients with primary bone cancer. Combining the principles of tissue-engineering, 3D-printing and advanced gene editing techniques the preclinical animal models developed in this thesis have important clinical implications that could shape future innovative treatment plans. Particularly the translation of a humanised osteosarcoma model from a mouse into a newly engineered severely immunocompromised rat will facilitate preclinical primary bone cancer research by opening up new experimental avenues for complex surgical resection and reconstruction models.

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Knauer, Alexandra Mariel. "Fluid Flow Characterization and in Silico Validation in a Rapid Prototyped Aortic Arch Model." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1700.

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Transcatheter aortic heart valve replacement (TAVR) is a procedure to replace a failing aortic valve and is becoming the new standard of care for patients that are not candidates for open-heart surgery [2]. However, this minimally invasive technique has shown to cause ischemic brain lesions, or “silent infarcts”, in 90% of TAVR patients, which can increase the patient’s risk for stroke by two to four times in future years [3]. Claret Medical Inc., a medical device company, has developed a cerebral protection system that filters and captures embolic debris released during endovascular procedures, such as TAVR. This thesis utilized CT scans from Claret Medical to create a physical construct of the aortic arch to experimentally validate a theoretical computer model through flow visualization. The hypothesis was that the empirical model can accurately mimic the fluid dynamic properties of the aortic arch in order validate an in silico model using the finite elements program COMSOL MultiPhysics® Modeling Software. The physical model was created from a patient CT scan of the aortic arch using additive manufacturing (3D printing) and polymer casting, resulting in the shape of the aortic arch within a transparent, silicone material. Fluid was pumped through the model to visualize and quantify the velocity of the fluid within the aortic arch. COMSOL MultiPhysics® was used to model the aortic arch and obtain velocity measurements, which were statistically compared to the velocity measurements from the physical model. There was no significant difference between the values of the physical model and the computer model, confirming the hypothesis. Overall, this study successfully used CT scans to create an anatomically accurate physical model that was validated by a computer model using a novel technique of flow visualization. As TAVR and similar procedures continue to develop, the need for experimental evaluation and visualization of devices will continue to grow, making this project relevant to many companies in the medical device industry.

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Furlanis, Silvia. "Towards a design approach for Wire-and-Arc Additively Manufactured stainless-steel elements." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24627/.

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Additive Manufacturing has become more and more relevant in the recent years in the construction industry, while still being at its initial stage. In particular, Wire-and-Arc Additively Manufactured (WAAM) stainless-steel elements have yet to be properly analyzed from a structural response point-of-view, though many experimental campaigns and studies are being carried out to this day. This study is focused on the analysis of the results of tests conducted on WAAM-produced 308LSi stainless-steel specimens, in order to characterize the mechanical and geometrical properties of the printed material and calibrate design values by means of Annex D of Eurocode 0, which outlines procedures to carry out the safety analysis of the resistance function, hence the definition of partial safety factors, aiming at a semi-probabilistic design approach. Moreover, by means of available Digital Twins of produced and tested specimens, different approaches are followed for the understanding of the influence of geometrical irregularities on the behavior of the material, in terms of stress-strain relationship. Regarding this, a series of calibrations are performed in order to quantify said influence, with a particular focus on the elastic behavior.

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Xia, Liang. "Towards optimal design of multiscale nonlinear structures : reduced-order modeling approaches." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2230/document.

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L'objectif principal est de faire premiers pas vers la conception topologique de structures hétérogènes à comportement non-linéaires. Le deuxième objectif est d’optimiser simultanément la topologie de la structure et du matériau. Il requiert la combinaison des méthodes de conception optimale et des approches de modélisation multi-échelle. En raison des lourdes exigences de calcul, nous avons introduit des techniques de réduction de modèle et de calcul parallèle. Nous avons développé tout d’abord un cadre de conception multi-échelle constitué de l’optimisation topologique et la modélisation multi-échelle. Ce cadre fournit un outil automatique pour des structures dont le modèle de matériau sous-jacent est directement régi par la géométrie de la microstructure réaliste et des lois de comportement microscopiques. Nous avons ensuite étendu le cadre en introduisant des variables supplémentaires à l’échelle microscopique pour effectuer la conception simultanée de la structure et de la microstructure. En ce qui concerne les exigences de calcul et de stockage de données en raison de multiples réalisations de calcul multi-échelle sur les configurations similaires, nous avons introduit: les approches de réduction de modèle. Nous avons développé un substitut d'apprentissage adaptatif pour le cas de l’élasticité non-linéaire. Pour viscoplasticité, nous avons collaboré avec le Professeur Felix Fritzen de l’Université de Stuttgart en utilisant son modèle de réduction avec la programmation parallèle sur GPU. Nous avons également adopté une autre approche basée sur le potentiel de réduction issue de la littérature pour améliorer l’efficacité de la conception simultanée
High-performance heterogeneous materials have been increasingly used nowadays for their advantageous overall characteristics resulting in superior structural mechanical performance. The pronounced heterogeneities of materials have significant impact on the structural behavior that one needs to account for both material microscopic heterogeneities and constituent behaviors to achieve reliable structural designs. Meanwhile, the fast progress of material science and the latest development of 3D printing techniques make it possible to generate more innovative, lightweight, and structurally efficient designs through controlling the composition and the microstructure of material at the microscopic scale. In this thesis, we have made first attempts towards topology optimization design of multiscale nonlinear structures, including design of highly heterogeneous structures, material microstructural design, and simultaneous design of structure and materials. We have primarily developed a multiscale design framework, constituted of two key ingredients : multiscale modeling for structural performance simulation and topology optimization forstructural design. With regard to the first ingredient, we employ the first-order computational homogenization method FE2 to bridge structural and material scales. With regard to the second ingredient, we apply the method Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (BESO) to perform topology optimization. In contrast to the conventional nonlinear design of homogeneous structures, this design framework provides an automatic design tool for nonlinear highly heterogeneous structures of which the underlying material model is governed directly by the realistic microstructural geometry and the microscopic constitutive laws. Note that the FE2 method is extremely expensive in terms of computing time and storage requirement. The dilemma of heavy computational burden is even more pronounced when it comes to topology optimization : not only is it required to solve the time-consuming multiscale problem once, but for many different realizations of the structural topology. Meanwhile we note that the optimization process requires multiple design loops involving similar or even repeated computations at the microscopic scale. For these reasons, we introduce to the design framework a third ingredient : reduced-order modeling (ROM). We develop an adaptive surrogate model using snapshot Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and Diffuse Approximation to substitute the microscopic solutions. The surrogate model is initially built by the first design iteration and updated adaptively in the subsequent design iterations. This surrogate model has shown promising performance in terms of reducing computing cost and modeling accuracy when applied to the design framework for nonlinear elastic cases. As for more severe material nonlinearity, we employ directly an established method potential based Reduced Basis Model Order Reduction (pRBMOR). The key idea of pRBMOR is to approximate the internal variables of the dissipative material by a precomputed reduced basis computed from snapshot POD. To drastically accelerate the computing procedure, pRBMOR has been implemented by parallelization on modern Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). The implementation of pRBMOR with GPU acceleration enables us to realize the design of multiscale elastoviscoplastic structures using the previously developed design framework inrealistic computing time and with affordable memory requirement. We have so far assumed a fixed material microstructure at the microscopic scale. The remaining part of the thesis is dedicated to simultaneous design of both macroscopic structure and microscopic materials. By the previously established multiscale design framework, we have topology variables and volume constraints defined at both scales

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Musil, Jiří. "Hledání tvaru skořepinových konstrukcí." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390254.

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The theme of this doctoral thesis is the design of concrete shell structures with the focus on finding their optimal shape. The optimal shape of a concrete shell is the shape in which for a given load (usually the dead weight of the structure) no significant bending moments are generated in the shell and the structure is in the so-called membrane state. The inspiration for this thesis is the work of Swiss engineer Heinz Isler, who developed the shapes of shell structures using model tests of appropriately loaded flexible membranes. He developed the shell structure for large spans by inverting the resultant shape, which carried its weight almost entirely via membrane forces. The numerical solution of the above experiments using Midas Civil is presented herein. The basic principles of the method are demonstrated on the example of sagged cable. The numerically found shapes are compared with the analytical solution. A shell is designed based on the numerically found shapes and its stress response to dead load is described, particularly in relation to the membrane action. In the next part, the acquired knowledge and methods were used to design three relatively complicated shell structures. Each structure was statically analysed and its static behaviour was described. Structures with perfectly rigid or flexible supports, which simulate real behaviour of the supports, were studied. In the final phase, the results of static analysis of the selected shell were experimentally verified on a physical model in a scale of 1: 55.56. The model has been built using 3D printing. The thesis describes the use of a modelling similarity, the model design, the production process, and the experiment. The load test confirmed the optimal design of the shell structure and the validity of the numerical method for finding their shapes.

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Greenwood, Taylor Eugene. "Silicone 3D Printing Processes for Fabricating Synthetic, Self-Oscillating Vocal Fold Models." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8395.

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Synthetic, self-oscillating vocal fold (VF) models are physical models whose life-like vibration is induced and perpetuated by fluid flow. Self-oscillating VF models, which are often fabricated life-size from soft silicone elastomers, are used to study various aspects of voice biomechanics. Despite their many advantages, the development and use of self-oscillating VF models is limited by the casting process used to fabricate the models. Consequently, this thesis focuses on the development of 3D printing processes for fabricating silicone VF models. A literature review is first presented which describes three types of material extrusion 3D printing processes for silicone elastomers, namely direct ink writing (DIW), embedded 3D printing, and removable-embedded 3D printing. The review describes each process and provides recent examples from literature that show how each has been implemented to create silicone prints. An embedded 3D printing process is presented wherein a set of multi-layer VF models are fabricated by extruding silicone ink within a VF-shaped reservoir filled with a curable silicone support matrix. The printed models successfully vibrated during testing, but lacked several desirable characteristics which were present in equivalent cast models. The advantages and disadvantages of using this fabrication process are explored. A removable-embedded 3D printing process is presented wherein shapes were fabricated by extruding silicone ink within a locally-curable support matrix then curing the silicone ink and proximate matrix. The printing process was used to fabricate several geometries from a variety of silicone inks. Tensile test results show that printed models exhibit relatively high failure strains and a nearly isotropic elastic modulus in directions perpendicular and parallel to the printed layers. A set of single-material VF models were printed and subjected to vibration testing. The printed models exhibited favorable vibration characteristics, suggesting the continued use of this printing process for VF model fabrication. A micro-slicing process is presented which is capable of creating gcode for 3D printing multiple materials in discrete and mixed ratios by utilizing a previously-sliced single-material shape and a material definition. An important advantage of micro-slicing is its ability to create gcode with a mixed-material gradient. Initial test results and observations are included. This micro-slicing process could be used in material extrusion 3D printing

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Yerich, Andrew J. "Development of an Artificial Nose for the Study of Nanomaterials Deposition in Nasal Olfactory Region." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami151187266403964.

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Shanmugham, Chetiyar Krishna Kumar, and Venkata Sri Sai Sumanth Galla. "Measurement of Surface Defects in 3D Printed Models." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-32487.

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The ease of manufacturing using additive manufacturing (3D-Printing) reduces the overall production cost compared with the traditional manufacturing techniques. Because of the benefits of 3D printing technologies, it is proposed to be used in manufacturing of different products. But there are some flaws that are causing significant effect on 3D printed models which degrades the quality of the product. Hence in order to handle these defects, different measurement techniques are needed to quantify the defects that are seen on the surface of 3D-printed models. In our study there are two experimental setups. Experimental setup one was made to find out the proper coating timing to enable measurement using two good samples without defects in different colors blue and red with same material. Different 2D and 3D parameters were used for the surface measurements are collected and noted for further research. The Defective samples are measured using the state of the art equipment at Halmstad University. Experimental setup two was made to prepare the defective samples and measure the samples. The results obtained assisted to quantify the surface defects seen in the samples. This thesis studies some of the different methods that can be implemented to measure the surface defects on the 3D printed models. A little study on the various defects formed on the 3D printed models and what are the causes for the defects on the products were performed. The results suggest different method for the defects to be measured in both industrial and home or small scale office applications.

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Jiao, Hankun, I. M. Perepelitsa, I. M. Nakonecniy, Я. В. Носова, and M. Y. Tymkovych. "Development of natural models of human lungs by means of rapid prototyping." Thesis, RS Global S. z O.O, 2019. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/8634.

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The initial data were spiral-computer tomographic sections of the lung area, presented in the DICOM format. It should be noted that the thickness of the transition surface formed was chosen on the assumption that the volume would be reduced by 5 times. Using the FreeCAD software, the bracket was modeling in real physical dimensions, which combined into one model with the lungs. Next, the resulting model was loaded into specialized software MeshMixer. It allows you to perform various manipulations on three-dimensional models before printing. With its use, the model was dividing in a horizontal plane into five parts. After that, each part converted to G-code using a Cura slicer, and printed with PLA plastic on a 3D printer Wanhao Duplicator i3. Then the printed parts must be join together using a guide.

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Fitzgerald, Martha Moore. "Development and 3D Printing of Interpenetrating Network Hydrogel Materials for use as Tissue-Mimetic Models." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1430488189.

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Romero, Ryan Gregory. "Development and Analysis of 3D-Printed Synthetic Vocal Fold Models." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7727.

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Vocal fold models are valuable for studying voice production. They provide an alternative method of studying the mechanics of the voice that does not require in vivo experimentation or the use of excised human or animal tissue. In this thesis, a new method of creating vocal fold models through additive manufacturing is described. The purpose of this research was to reduce model fabrication time, to decrease the number of model failures during manufacturing, and to lay the foundation for creating models with more lifelike geometric and material properties. This research was conducted in four stages. First, a suitable silicone additive manufacturing technique using a UV-curable silicone was chosen. The technique chosen was called freeform reversible embedding (FRE) and involved embedding liquid silicone material into a gel-like medium named organogel. The UV-curable silicone's material properties were identified to confirm its utility in vocal fold model design. Second, an open-source, fused deposition modeling slicing software was selected to create g-code for the printer. Applicable software settings were tuned through qualitative printing tests to find their optimal values for use in FRE printing. Third, 3D-printed cubes were used in tensile tests to characterize the material properties of FRE-printed, silicone material. The cubes were found to be anisotropic, exhibiting different modulus values corresponding to the layer orientation of the printed material. Fourth, vocal fold models were FRE-printed in two different layer orientations and were used in phonation tests to gather data for onset pressure, vibratory frequency, amplitude, and flow rate. The printed models self-oscillated and withstood the strains induced by phonation. These tests showed that layer direction affects the phonation properties of the models, demonstrating that models with layers in the coronal plane had slightly lower frequencies and onset pressures than models with layers in the sagittal plane. The models' onset pressures were higher than what is found in human vocal folds. However, their frequencies were within a comparable range. These tests showed the effectiveness of additive manufacturing in the application of vocal fold fabrication, reducing production effort by allowing researchers to go directly from model design to fabrication in a single manufacturing step. It is anticipated that this method will be modified to incorporate printing of multiple stiffnesses of silicone to better mimic the material properties of vocal fold tissue, and that the anisotropy of 3D-printed material will be leveraged to model the anisotropy of human vocal folds. This work also has potential application areas outside of voice research.

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Baecher, Moritz Niklaus. "From Digital to Physical: Computational Aspects of 3D Manufacturing." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11149.

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The desktop publishing revolution of the 1980s is currently repeating itself in 3D, referred to as desktop manufacturing. Online services such as Shapeways have become available, making personalized manufacturing on cutting edge additive manufacturing (AM) technologies accessible to a broad audience. Affordable desktop printers will soon take over, enabling people to fabricate
Engineering and Applied Sciences

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Yao, Miaojun. "3D Printable Designs of Rigid and Deformable Models." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1502906675481174.

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Creff, Justine. "Etude des mécanismes impliqués dans le contrôle du destin des cellules souches intestinales et développement d'un modèle 3D d'épithélium intestinal." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30228.

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L'épithélium intestinal est un tissu complexe, hautement polarisé, organisé sous forme de cryptes et villosités. Les cellules souches intestinales résident au fond des cryptes où elles prolifèrent et se différencient tout en migrant vers le haut des villosités, ce qui permet le renouvèlement constant de l'épithélium tous les 3 à 5 jours. La maintenance de l'équilibre entre prolifération et différenciation est cruciale pour le développement et le maintien de l'intégrité tissulaire. Cet équilibre est supporté par le microenvironnement et l'organisation caractéristique de l'épithélium qui permet la compartimentation et la protection des cellules souches. Des altérations de ces dernières sont à l'origine d'anomalies du développement ainsi que de la transformation tumorale. L'étude des mécanismes impliqués dans la maintenance et dans la différenciation des cellules souches est donc essentielle pour mieux comprendre l'homéostasie tissulaire. p57/Kip2 est un inhibiteur de cycline/CDK et un potentiel suppresseur de tumeur. p57 est également le gène le plus fréquemment muté ou réprimé dans le syndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann (BWS), caractérisé par des anomalies du développement et une prédisposition tumorale durant l'enfance. La génération d'un modèle de souris knock-in (p57CK-) dans lequel p57 ne lie plus les complexes cycline/CDK, a révélé que BWS résulte en partie de la perte de fonctions indépendantes des CDK de p57. Cette étude a également permis de mettre en évidence le rôle essentiel joué par p57 dans le développement intestinal, de manière indépendante de l'inhibition des CDK. Le premier objectif de ce projet de thèse a été d'étudier le rôle de p57 dans la maintenance des cellules souches intestinales. Deux types de cellules souches intestinales ont été décrites jusqu'à présent, les cellules souches prolifératives CBC, responsables du renouvèlement constant de l'épithélium et les cellules souches +4 dites de réserve, mobilisées en cas de dommages afin de régénérer le tissu. Nos données montrent que p57 est impliqué dans la maintenance des cellules souches +4 de manière indépendante de l'inhibition des CDK. Les souris p57KO présentent une augmentation de la prolifération dans les cryptes due à une amplification des cellules progénitrices et de ces cellules souches de réserve +4, alors que les CBC ne sont pas affectées. Nous avons montré que p57 est capable d'inhiber l'activité transcriptionnelle de Ascl2, un facteur de transcription crucial dans le maintien de la prolifération des cellules souches intestinales et nous avons identifié de nouveaux partenaires de p57 pouvant participer au complexe répresseur. Ainsi ces travaux ont permis d'identifier une nouvelle fonction de p57 dans les cellules souches intestinales au cours du développement et pourrait expliquer le rôle de p57 dans la tumorigénèse intestinale. Le deuxième objectif de ce travail a été de développer un nouveau modèle de culture pour l'étude des cellules souches intestinales. En effet, à l'heure actuelle, les études in vitro sont limitées à des modèles 2D ou des systèmes 3D de types organoïdes qui ne reconstituent pas complètement l'architecture 3D, le microenvironnement et la compartimentalisation présente au sein du tissu in vivo.[...]
The small intestine is a complex tissue with a crypt/villus architecture and high tissue polarity. Intestinal stem cells are located at the crypt bottom where they proliferate and differentiate while they migrate upward to the top of villi, allowing the constant renewal of the entire intestinal epithelium every 3 to 5 days. Compartmentalization in the crypt plays a key role in stem cell protection and maintenance, and this is supported by the microenvironment and tissue organization. The balance between stem cell proliferation and differentiation is necessary to maintain tissue integrity, and disruption of this balance leads to developmental anomalies and malignant transformation. Studying the mechanisms governing intestinal stem cells maintenance is therefore crucial to understand tissue homeostasis. p57Kip2 is a cyclin/CDKs inhibitor and a putative tumor suppressor. p57 is also the gene the most frequently mutated or silenced in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), characterized by multiple developmental defects and tumor predisposition during childhood. Generation of knock-in mice expressing a mutant p57 (p57CK-) that cannot bind to cyclins and CDKs demonstrated that p57 exerts CDKs independent functions during development and that BWS is not entirely caused by loss of CDKs inhibition due to p57 inactivation. The first aim of this project was to investigate the role of p57 in the maintenance of intestinal stem cells. Two population of stem cells have been described in the intestine: proliferative crypt base columnar cells (CBCs), responsible of the constant renewal of the epithelium, and quiescent +4 stem cells, activated during regeneration after tissue damage. Our data shows that p57 is involved in maintaining the quiescence of the +4 reserve stem cells in a CDK independent manner. Indeed, p57KO mice exhibit an increased proliferation in the crypt caused by amplification of +4 stem cells and of the progenitor population (transit amplifying cells), while CBCs are not affected by loss of p57. Finally, our results show that p57 can inhibit Ascl2 transcriptional activity, and we identified new p57 partners that form this transcriptional repressor complex. This work could elucidate the role of p57 in intestinal tumorigenesis. The second aim of this project was to develop a new culture model to study intestinal stem cells. [...]

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Martof, Ashley Nicole. "Analysis of Business Models for the Use of Additive Manufacturing for Maintenance and Sustainment." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1494940467559894.

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40

Garnault, Tristan. "Frittage par micro-ondes de céramiques mises en forme par impression 3D." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI077.

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Cette thèse traite du frittage par chauffage micro-ondes de céramiques d’alumine et de zircone yttriée, mises en forme par fabrication additive (Robocasting). Le chauffage par micro-ondes permet d’appliquer des cycles thermiques courts avec un coût énergétique modéré lorsqu’on le compare aux méthodes de chauffage conventionnel. La combinaison de l’impression 3D et du frittage par micro-ondes est un processus complet, adapté à la mise en forme et à la densification de petites séries de pièces complexes, économe à la fois en matière première, en temps et en énergie. Ces travaux visent donc à coupler de manière fiable ces deux procédés en améliorant notre compréhension des interactions micro-ondes/matière, et en développant des méthodes de régulation et dispositifs de frittage adaptés.La problématique de la régulation automatique et du contrôle de la température des dispositifs micro-ondes a été tout d’abord traitée. L’instabilité en fréquence des sources magnétron est un frein à l’application d’un pilotage automatique efficace s’il n’est pas pris en considération. Par la suite, le couplage micro-onde de l’alumine et de la zircone a été discuté. Ces deux matériaux présentent des comportements très différents. L’alumine, quasi transparente, chauffe difficilement sous irradiation directe. La zircone, quant-à-elle, présente un comportement qui évolue fortement avec la température, passant de peu absorbant à réfléchissant, rendant la maitrise de son chauffage direct compliqué. Tenant compte des caractéristiques des dispositifs micro-ondes et du comportement des matériaux, il est proposé une méthode de chauffage par micro-ondes assisté, permettant le frittage rapide et maitrisé de pièces à compositions et géométries variées. Des pièces complexes ont été frittées avec succès par le procédé ainsi développé
This PhD thesis deals with the sintering by microwave heating of alumina and yttria doped zirconia ceramics, shaped by additive manufacturing (Robocasting). Microwave heating allows to apply short thermal cycles with a moderate energy cost in comparison with conventional heating method. The combination of 3D printing and microwave sintering is a complete processing route, suitable for shaping and densification of small series of complex parts, saving raw material, time and energy. The aim of this work is therefore to reliably couple these two processes by improving our understanding of microwave/matter interactions, and by developing regulation methods and adapted sintering devices.The methods of automatic regulation and temperature monitoring of microwave devices were first dealt with. The frequency instability of magnetron sources is an obstacle to the application of effective automatic control if it is not taken into account. Subsequently, the microwave coupling of alumina and zirconia was discussed. These two materials have a very different behaviour. Alumina, which is quasi-transparent, heats with difficulty under direct irradiation. Zirconia, on the other hand, has a behaviour that changes strongly with temperature, going from not very absorbent to reflective, making it difficult to control its direct heating. Taking into account the characteristics of microwave devices and the behaviour of materials, a method of assisted microwave heating is proposed, allowing the rapid and controlled sintering of parts with varied compositions and geometries. Complex parts have been successfully sintered using this process

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Francisco, Luiz Angelo Valota. "Modelo computacional de descrição de projetos para impressão de biosistemas." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8103.

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Currently, there are several studies directed to the manufacture of biosystems (biomaterials, living tissues or organs). These studies include several practice areas ranging from virtual representation of an organ or tissue to its biomanufacturing (bioprinting) itself. But for biomanufacturing a complex organ, it is still needed a long walk, because this process requires a very large wealth of information. Experiments to aid in surgical planning have been made based on medical image data and use of 3D printer rapid prototyping through STL specifications (STereoLitography). This work aims the study biomanufacturing processes of biomaterials, living tissues and organs aiming to establish the requirements for building a computer model to assist in the development of a project description framework for bioprinting living tissues and organs via STL specifications. This model was designed through research processes and parameters required for bioprinting of living tissues or organs resulting from the state of the art in this area and forms of representation in a computer model. For the evaluation of the model and the developed framework, an experiment was conducted where the data of a cartilage bioprinting experiment conducted by other authors were expressed through a bioprinting project.
Atualmente, existem vários estudos voltados para a fabricação de biosistemas (biomateriais, tecidos vivos ou órgãos). Esses estudos contemplam várias áreas de atuação que vão desde a representação virtual de um órgão ou tecido até a sua biofabricação (bioimpressão) propriamente dita. Porém, para a biofabricação de um órgão complexo, ainda é necessária uma longa caminhada, pois esse processo exige uma riqueza muito grande de informações. Experimentos para auxilio em planejamento cirúrgico têm sido feitos baseados em dados de imagens médicas e uso de impressoras 3D de prototipagem rápida, através de especificações STL (STereoLitography). Este trabalho, tem como objetivo, o estudo de processos de biofabricação de biomateriais, tecidos vivos e órgãos visando, estabelecer os requisitos necessários para a construção de um modelo computacional que auxilie no desenvolvimento de um framework de descrição de projetos para bioimpressão de tecidos vivos e órgãos por intermédio de especificações STL. Esse modelo foi concebido através da investigação de processos e parâmetros necessários para a bioimpressão de tecidos vivos ou órgãos, decorrentes do estado da arte nessa área e das formas de sua representação em um modelo computacional. Para a avaliação do modelo e do framework desenvolvido, foi realizado um experimento onde os dados de um experimento de bioimpressão de cartilagem realizado por outros autores foram expressados através de um projeto de bioimpressão.

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Krimi, Imane. "Contribution au potentiel de la fabrication additive dans la construction : Proposition d’une formulation cimentaire imprimable." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECLI0021.

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La fabrication additive (Impression 3D) consiste à fabriquer des objets couche par couche en utilisant un modèle 3D, un matériau approprié et une machine dédiée. Pour la construction, c’est un nouveau mode constructif qui se profile. Depuis 2010, la fabrication additive a fait un saut technique et médiatique dans ce secteur. Les projets d’impression 3D se sont multipliés et diversifiés avec les premières maisons construites entièrement au moyen de cette technologie (Winsun, D-Shape, Contour Crafting, Apis Cor…etc). Ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une thèse CIFRE démarrée en 2015 entre le laboratoire de génie civil de l’Ecole Centrale de Lille et l’entreprise Bouygues Construction. L’objectif de ce travail est d’étudier le potentiel de la fabrication additive pour la construction et plus précisément de proposer une formulation à matrice cimentaire qui sera mise en œuvre par impression 3D.La thèse est organisée en trois grandes parties.La première partie est consacrée à la définition de l’impression 3D et des matériaux cimentaires pour définir leurs interactions. La deuxième partie est dédiée à la formulation d’un matériau cimentaire imprimable. L’imprimabilité a été définie par trois indicateurs : l’extrudabilité, la buildabilté et l’adhérence. La troisième partie est destinée à la validation de la formulation proposée. Ce travail peut être considéré comme une première approche pour définir un protocole d’évaluation de l’imprimabilité des matériaux cimentaires à l’échelle du laboratoire ainsi qu’une première étape pour la conception d’une imprimante 3D destinée et adaptée à la construction
Additive Manufacturing (3D printing) consists in building an object layer by layer following a 3D model. For this purpose an appropriate material, machine and model are needed. From Construction industry point of view, 3D printing is considered as a new building method. Since 2010, the use of 3D printing for construction has known a large evolution. More and more real construction projects are using this new technology. Some of these examples are Winsun in China, D-Shape in Italy, Contour Crafting in California or Apis Cor in Russia…etc.The work presented in this manuscript was conducted through an industrial PhD thesis (CIFRE) which was launched between “Ecole Centrale de Lille” and “Bouygues Construction” in 2015. The objective of this work was to study the potential of large scale 3D printing integration in the construction process and more precisely the development of a printable cement based mix design.The work is organized in three main parts.The first part was dedicated to 3D printing and cement based material as general concepts. Then their interactions were analyzed. The second part was devoted to the printable mix design. The printability was defined using three indicators: Extrudability, Buildability and layers adhesion. The third part was dedicated to check the printability of the proposed mix design. This work may be considered as a first approach to define a laboratory scale methodology for cement based materials printability testing. It is also a step to contribute to the development of construction 3D printers

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43

Hawatmeh, Derar Fayez. "Three Dimensional Direct Print Additively Manufactured High-Q Microwave Filters and Embedded Antennas." Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7165.

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The need for miniaturized, and high performance microwave devices has focused significant attention onto new fabrication technologies that can simultaneously achieve high performance and low manufacturing complexity. Additive manufacturing (AM) has proven its capability in fabricating high performance, compact and light weight microwave circuits and antennas, as well as the ability to achieve designs that are complicated to fabricate using other manufacturing approaches. Direct print additive manufacturing (DPAM) is an emerging AM process that combines the fused deposition modeling (FDM) of thermoplastics with micro-dispensing of conductive and insulating pastes. DPAM has the potential to jointly combine high performance and low manufacturing complexity, along with the possibility of real-time tuning. This dissertation aims to leverage the powerful capabilities of DPAM to come-up with new designs and solutions that meet the requirements of rapidly evolving wireless systems and applications. Furthermore, the work in this dissertation provides new techniques and approaches to alleviate the drawbacks and limitations of DPAM fabrication technology. Firstly, the development of 3D packaged antenna, and antenna array are presented along with an analysis of the inherent roughness of 3D printed structures to provide a deeper understanding of the antenna RF performance. The single element presents a new volumetric approach to realizing a 3D half-wave dipole in a packaged format, where it provides the ability to keep a signal distribution network in close proximity to the ground plane, facilitating the implementation of ground connections (e.g. for an active device), mitigating potential surface wave losses, as well as achieving a modest (10.6%) length reduction. In addition, a new approach of implementing conformal antennas using DPAM is presented by printing thin and flexible substrate that can be adhered to 3D structures to facilitate the fabrication and reduce the surface roughness. The array design leverages direct digital manufacturing (DDM) technology to realize a shaped substrate structure that is used to control the array beamwidth. The non-planar substrate allows the element spacing to be changed without affecting the length of the feed network or the distance to the underlying ground plane. The second part describes the first high-Q capacitively-loaded cavity resonator and filter that is compatible with direct print additive manufacturing. The presented design is a compromise between quality factor, cost and manufacturing complexity and to the best of our knowledge is the highest Q-factor resonator demonstrated to date using DPAM compatible materials and processes. The final version of the single resonator achieves a measured unloaded quality factor of 200-325 over the frequency range from 2.0 to 6.5 GHz. The two pole filter is designed using a coupled-resonator approach to operate at 2.44 GHz with 1.9% fractional bandwidth. The presented design approach simplifies evanescent-mode filter fabrication, eliminating the need for micromachining and vias, and achieving a total weight of 1.97 g. The design is fabricated to provide a proof-of-principle for the high-Q resonator and filter that compromises between performance, cost, size, and complexity. A stacked version of the two-pole filter is presented to provide a novel design for multi-layer embedded applications. The fabrication is performed using an nScrypt Tabletop 3Dn printer. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) (relative permittivity of 2.7 and loss tangent of 0.008) is deposited using fused deposition modeling to form the antenna, array, resonator, and filter structures, and Dupont CB028 silver paste is used to form the conductive traces conductive regions (the paste is dried at 90 °C for 60 minutes, achieving a bulk DC conductivity of 1.5×106 S/m.). A 1064 nm pulsed picosecond Nd:YAG laser is used to laser machine the resonator and filter input and output feedlines.

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Fenollosa, Artés Felip. "Contribució a l'estudi de la impressió 3D per a la fabricació de models per facilitar l'assaig d'operacions quirúrgiques de tumors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667421.

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La present tesi doctoral s’ha centrat en el repte d’aconseguir, mitjançant Fabricació Additiva (FA), models per a assaig quirúrgic, sota la premissa que els equips per fer-los haurien de ser accessibles a l’àmbit hospitalari. L’objectiu és facilitar l’extensió de l’ús dels prototips com a eina de preparació d’operacions quirúrgiques, transformant la pràctica mèdica actual de la mateixa manera que en el seu moment ho van fer tecnologies com les que van facilitar l’ús de radiografies. El motiu d’utilitzar FA, en lloc de tecnologies més tradicionals, és la seva capacitat de materialitzar de forma directa les dades digitals obtingudes de l’anatomia del pacient mitjançant sistemes d’escanejat tridimensional, fent possible l’obtenció de models personalitzats. Els resultats es centren en la generació de nou coneixement sobre com aconseguir equipaments d’impressió 3D multimaterials accessibles que permetin l’obtenció de models mimètics respecte als teixits vius. Per facilitar aquesta buscada extensió de la tecnologia, s’ha focalitzat en les tecnologies de codi obert com la Fabricació per Filament Fos (FFF) i similars basades en líquids catalitzables. La recerca s’alinea dins l’activitat de desenvolupament de la FA al CIM UPC, i en aquest àmbit concret amb la col·laboració amb l’Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloc de la tesi inclou la descripció de l’estat de l’art, detallant les tecnologies existents i la seva aplicació a l’entorn mèdic. S’han establert per primer cop unes bases de caracterització dels teixits vius -sobretot tous- per donar suport a la selecció de materials que els puguin mimetitzar en un procés de FA, a efectes de millorar l’experiència d’assaig dels cirurgians. El caràcter rígid dels materials majoritàriament usats en impressió 3D els fa poc útils per simular tumors i altres referències anatòmiques. De forma successiva, es tracten paràmetres com la densitat, la viscoelasticitat, la caracterització dels materials tous a la indústria, l’estudi del mòdul elàstic de teixits tous i vasos, la duresa d’aquests, i requeriments com l’esterilització dels models. El segon bloc comença explorant la impressió 3D mitjançant FFF. Es classifiquen les variants del procés des del punt de vista de la multimaterialitat, essencial per fer models d’assaig quirúrgic, diferenciant entre solucions multibroquet i de barreja al capçal. S’ha inclòs l’estudi de materials (filaments i líquids) que serien més útils per mimetitzar teixits tous. Es constata com en els líquids, en comparació amb els filaments, la complexitat del treball en processos de FA és més elevada, i es determinen formes d’imprimir materials molt tous. Per acabar, s’exposen sis casos reals de col·laboració amb l’HJSD, una selecció d’aquells en els que el doctorand ha intervingut en els darrers anys. L’origen es troba en la dificultat de l’abordatge d’operacions de resecció de tumors infantils com el neuroblastoma, i a la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalment, el Bloc 3 té per objecte explorar nombrosos conceptes (fins a 8), activitat completada al llarg dels darrers cinc anys amb el suport dels mitjans del CIM UPC i de l’activitat associada a treballs finals d’estudis d’estudiants de la UPC, arribant-se a materialitzar equipaments experimentals per validar-los. La recerca ampla i sistemàtica al respecte fa que s’estigui més a prop de disposar d’una solució d’impressió 3D multimaterial de sobretaula. Es determina que la millor via de progrés és la de disposar d’una pluralitat de capçals independents a fi de capacitar la impressora 3D per integrar diversos conceptes estudiats, materialitzant-se una possible solució. Cloent la tesi, es planteja com seria un equipament d’impressió 3D per a models d’assaig quirúrgic, a fi de servir de base per a futurs desenvolupaments.
La presente tesis doctoral se ha centrado en el reto de conseguir, mediante Fabricación Aditiva (FA), modelos para ensayo quirúrgico, bajo la premisa que los equipos para obtenerlos tendrían que ser accesibles al ámbito hospitalario. El objetivo es facilitar la extensión del uso de modelos como herramienta de preparación de operaciones quirúrgicas, transformando la práctica médica actual de la misma manera que, en su momento, lo hicieron tecnologías como las que facilitaron el uso de radiografías. El motivo de utilizar FA, en lugar de tecnologías más tradicionales, es su capacidad de materializar de forma directa los datos digitales obtenidos de la anatomía del paciente mediante sistemas de escaneado tridimensional, haciendo posible la obtención de modelos personalizados. Los resultados se centran en la generación de nuevo conocimiento para conseguir equipamientos de impresión 3D multimateriales accesibles que permitan la obtención de modelos miméticos respecto a los tejidos vivos. Para facilitar la buscada extensión de la tecnología, se ha focalizado en las tecnologías de código abierto como la Fabricación por Hilo Fundido (FFF) y similares basadas en líquidos catalizables. Esta investigación se alinea dentro de la actividad de desarrollo de la FA en el CIM UPC, y en este ámbito concreto con la colaboración con el Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloque de la tesis incluye la descripción del estado del arte, detallando las tecnologías existentes y su aplicación al entorno médico. Se han establecido por primera vez unas bases de caracterización de los tejidos vivos – principalmente blandos – para dar apoyo a la selección de materiales que los puedan mimetizar en un proceso de FA, a efectos de mejorar la experiencia de ensayo de los cirujanos. El carácter rígido de los materiales mayoritariamente usados en impresión 3D los hace poco útiles para simular tumores y otras referencias anatómicas. De forma sucesiva, se tratan parámetros como la densidad, la viscoelasticidad, la caracterización de materiales blandos en la industria, el estudio del módulo elástico de tejidos blandos y vasos, la dureza de los mismos, y requerimientos como la esterilización de los modelos. El segundo bloque empieza explorando la impresión 3D mediante FFF. Se clasifican las variantes del proceso desde el punto de vista de la multimaterialidad, esencial para hacer modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, diferenciando entre soluciones multiboquilla y de mezcla en el cabezal. Se ha incluido el estudio de materiales (filamentos y líquidos) que serían más útiles para mimetizar tejidos blandos. Se constata como en los líquidos, en comparación con los filamentos, la complejidad del trabajo en procesos de FA es más elevada, y se determinan formas de imprimir materiales muy blandos. Para acabar, se exponen seis casos reales de colaboración con el HJSD, una selección de aquellos en los que el doctorando ha intervenido en los últimos años. El origen se encuentra en la dificultad del abordaje de operaciones de resección de tumores infantiles como el neuroblastoma, y en la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalmente, el Bloque 3 desarrolla numerosos conceptos (hasta 8), actividad completada a lo largo de los últimos cinco años con el apoyo de los medios del CIM UPC y de la actividad asociada a trabajos finales de estudios de estudiantes de la UPC, llegándose a materializar equipamientos experimentales para validarlos. La investigación amplia y sistemática al respecto hace que se esté más cerca de disponer de una solución de impresión 3D multimaterial de sobremesa. Se determina que la mejor vía de progreso es la de disponer de una pluralidad de cabezales independientes, a fin de capacitar la impresora 3D para integrar diversos conceptos estudiados, materializándose una posible solución. Para cerrar la tesis, se plantea cómo sería un equipamiento de impresión 3D para modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, a fin de servir de base para futuros desarrollos.

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FONG, CHU CHEN, and 朱振逢. "Constructing Selection Model for 3D Printing System." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58269490926348549211.

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碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
資訊管理系碩士在職專班
102
As historical literature were rarely themed in selection model of a 3D Printing System, and empirical model or a single information system has been the most selected perspective in practical field to evaluate the 3D Printing System at present, where such methods often failed to have an entire assessment in the complicated nature of 3D Print, plus that the evaluation index weights have not been completely equal. Therefore, this study proposed a four-phased selection model integrating literature and expert opinions; firstly, Phase I used success of DeLone information system as the base to develop prototype index; secondly, the deduced dimension of evaluation foundation was through a combination of the features of 3D Print and Technology Acceptance Model; thirdly, the Modified Delphi Method was utilized in the modification and simplification of dimension and index by experts; fourthly, a fuzzy consolidated selection mode was used to determine the evaluation index weights. Finally, the findings proposed five dimensions: System quality, information quality, service quality, Perceived ease-of-use and Perceived usefulness, with a total of 49 evaluation indexes and weights, along with provision of a case sample to illustrate the use of indexes and weights. Combined as above, this study anticipates being for references of a company’s process in the evaluation of a 3D Printing System.

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46

Zavolodko, H., and N. Haidar. "3D Printing in Online Education." Thesis, 2020. https://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/17545.

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The review object is the subsystem verification and printing 3D-model online learning system mixed type. To do this, a review of analogues, technologies, stages of printing were identified. The aim is to design with IP topics that uses the additive technologies in the educational process. In the given IDEF – diagram describing the function of the system; authentication rules, verification of 3D-models, sending the model to print, selecting a device online, and basic screen forms.

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47

YU, CHEN-LIN, and 林育辰. "3D printing technology used in aircraft systems integration model." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bqydx4.

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碩士
中華大學
機械工程學系
104
With 3D printing technology trends, the impact of today's industrial and market environment. This study was to create a "3D printing technology used in aircraft CAD integrated system." 3D printing technology distinct from traditional processing, from design to manufacturing only planning CAD design and CAM to make the desired object. As competition in the industry, can reduce the production cycle and meet customer needs is not easy, but 3D printing technology without creating a model program to make it the object of traditional processing can not finish, and reduces the time required to mold in the custom design can print out only do customers demand objects from CAD and fast delivery. 3D printing technology program is simple, but there will be printed on the flaws in the environmental impact of inadequate planning or CAM, is set by the integration of print with the best parameters combination of aircraft model object-oriented systems integration focus of the thesis. In this paper, using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printing technology to print on the Delta 3D Printer, to give the object caused by flaws in the print order and provide a solution to make guidelines for the aircraft type and geometry to do to achieve effective integration of print.

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48

Vale, Miguel Filipe Pereira de Menezes e. "A business model for an online 3D printing platform." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/21443.

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CEMS
This paper presents the main findings and learning experiences from the Business Project conducted in the past 5 months. The project was made in collaboration with Berenschot, a Dutch consulting firm. The final outcome of the project included the presentation of the main critical success factors for online platforms in the 3D printing industry. In addition, as part of this Work Project, a deep analysis was performed to study the main barriers that those platforms face in the market and that ultimately can contribute to their failure.

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49

CHUNG, YU-HAN, and 鐘宇涵. "Using 3D Printing Technology in Landscape Design Model Building." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x795x2.

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碩士
聖約翰科技大學
機械與電腦輔助工程系碩士班
106
In addition to the requirement of comfortable living, modern people also require to improve the environmental aesthetics and landscape design of environmental spaces so that the public spaces outside buildings have good dynamic walking routes and visual perception. In the past, the landscape planning and design model was constructed manually and often took a lot of time where the landscape design planner can only communicate with customers through the computer graphics and situation simulation and therefore big discrepancy between the actual landscape entity and the expectation was often resulted after the completion of construction. In recent years, due to the rapid development of 3D printing technology, 3D printing technology is characteristic of high efficiency and low cost and is applied more and more widely. In this study, a part of the landscape design in the planning case of “Huangjinshi Area Landscape Construction Plan (Shihmen District) Phase II Project – Bid A” at Laomeili, Shihmen District Administration of New Taipei City was taken to explore the application of 3D printing technology to construct the landscape design and planning model to assist the communication between the landscape designer and owner. According to the study results, the completed landscape entity has actually reduced the expectation gap between the landscape designer and owner, which also helps to provide reference for the landscape designer in performing landscape design in the future. If the invisible parts of environment like terrain and topography, drainage system and soil and water conservation can be incorporated into the established model later, it is believed to be able to better meet the customer’s expectations on landscape design.

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50

Tseng, Yi-Ching, and 曾以磬. "3D CAD model construction for bio-printing of human tissues." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25195352138829386220.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
機械工程學研究所
104
The purpose of this thesis is to develop computer-aided design (CAD) tools to construct 3D bio-printing models of human tissues from medical images. 3D tissue models can also be established by describing spatial shape of tissues with suitable mathematical parameters. The CT scan images of a human tissue, for example coronary artery, are first imported into a CAD software AutoCAD for digitizing 3D boundary points of the tissue. With 3D boundary points at the same elevation from two orthogonal views, a cross section with spline curve can be determined, and then a 3D model can be obtained by lofting cross sections at different elevation. CT scan images can also be used by medical image software for constructing stereolithography (STL) surface models, and the STL surface model is imported to AutoCAD to reconstruct 3D solid model by cross sections from surface model slicing contours at different elevation. For other tissue where CT scans are difficult to obtain, for example human cornea, the 3D model can be established from mathematical parameters that describe the spatial shape of a tissue. A parametric program is developed with a dialog box for specifying parameters such that 3D models constructed for each patient are different. Established 3D human tissue models are sent to 3D printers, and good prototypes are obtained. The results show that the 3D model construction method for human tissues are both fast and effective.

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