Journal articles: '3D geometry compression'

1

Gao, Yuan, Zhiqiang Wang, and Jin Wen. "A Method for Generating Geometric Image Sequences for Non-Isomorphic 3D-Mesh Sequence Compression." Electronics 12, no. 16 (August 16, 2023): 3473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12163473.

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As virtual reality and 3D-modeling technology continue to advance, the amount of digital geometric media data is growing at an explosive rate. For example, 3D meshes, an important type of digital geometric media, can precisely record geometric information on a model’s surface. However, as the complexity and precision of 3D meshes increase, it becomes more challenging to store and transmit them. The traditional method of compressing non-isomorphic 3D-mesh sequences through frame-by-frame compression is inefficient and destroys the inter-frame correlations of the sequences. To tackle these issues, this study investigates the generation of time-dependent geometric image sequences for compressing non-isomorphic 3D-mesh sequences. Two methods are proposed for generating such sequences: one through image registration and the other through parametrization-geometry cooperative registration. Based on the experimental compression results of the video-coding algorithms, it was observed that the proposed geometric image-sequence-generation method offers superior objective and subjective qualities, as compared to the traditional method.

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Guéziec, André, and Gabriel Taubin. "Multi-Resolution Modeling and 3D Geometry Compression." Computational Geometry 14, no. 1-3 (November 1999): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0925-7721(99)00033-4.

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Finley, Matthew G., and Tyler Bell. "Depth range reduction for 3D range geometry compression." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 138 (March 2021): 106457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2020.106457.

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Huang, Tianxin, Jiangning Zhang, Jun Chen, Zhonggan Ding, Ying Tai, Zhenyu Zhang, Chengjie Wang, and Yong Liu. "3QNet." ACM Transactions on Graphics 41, no. 6 (November 30, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3550454.3555481.

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Since the development of 3D applications, the point cloud, as a spatial description easily acquired by sensors, has been widely used in multiple areas such as SLAM and 3D reconstruction. Point Cloud Compression (PCC) has also attracted more attention as a primary step before point cloud transferring and saving, where the geometry compression is an important component of PCC to compress the points geometrical structures. However, existing non-learning-based geometry compression methods are often limited by manually pre-defined compression rules. Though learning-based compression methods can significantly improve the algorithm performances by learning compression rules from data, they still have some defects. Voxel-based compression networks introduce precision errors due to the voxelized operations, while point-based methods may have relatively weak robustness and are mainly designed for sparse point clouds. In this work, we propose a novel learning-based point cloud compression framework named 3D Point Cloud Geometry Quantiation Compression Network (3QNet), which overcomes the robustness limitation of existing point-based methods and can handle dense points. By learning a codebook including common structural features from simple and sparse shapes, 3QNet can efficiently deal with multiple kinds of point clouds. According to experiments on object models, indoor scenes, and outdoor scans, 3QNet can achieve better compression performances than many representative methods.

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Finley, Matthew G., and Tyler Bell. "Two-Channel 3D Range Geometry Compression with Virtual Plane Encoding." Electronic Imaging 2021, no. 18 (January 18, 2021): 61–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.18.3dia-061.

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Modern computing and imaging technologies have allowed for many recent advances to be made in the field of 3D range imaging: range data can now be acquired at speeds much faster than real-time, with sub-millimeter precision. However, these benefits come at the cost of an increased quantity of data being generated by 3D range imaging systems, potentially limiting the number of applications that can take advantage of this technology. One common approach to the compression of 3D range data is to encode it within the three color channels of a traditional 24-bit RGB image. This paper presents a novel method for the modification and compression of 3D range data such that the original depth information can be stored within, and recovered from, only two channels of a traditional 2D RGB image. Storage within a traditional image format allows for further compression to be realized via lossless or lossy image compression techniques. For example, when JPEG 80 was used to store the encoded output image, this method was able to achieve an 18.2% reduction in file size when compared to a similar three-channel, image-base compression method, with only a corresponding 0.17% reduction in global reconstruction accuracy.

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Zhuang, Lehui, Jin Tian, Yujin Zhang, and Zhijun Fang. "Variable Rate Point Cloud Geometry Compression Method." Sensors 23, no. 12 (June 9, 2023): 5474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23125474.

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With the development of 3D sensors technology, 3D point cloud is widely used in industrial scenes due to their high accuracy, which promotes the development of point cloud compression technology. Learned point cloud compression has attracted much attention for its excellent rate distortion performance. However, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the model and the compression rate in these methods. To achieve compression at different rates, a large number of models need to be trained, which increases the training time and storage space. To address this problem, a variable rate point cloud compression method is proposed, which enables the adjustment of the compression rate by the hyperparameter in a single model. To address the narrow rate range problem that occurs when the traditional rate distortion loss is jointly optimized for variable rate models, a rate expansion method based on contrastive learning is proposed to expands the bit rate range of the model. To improve the visualization effect of the reconstructed point cloud, a boundary learning method is introduced to improve the classification ability of the boundary points through boundary optimization and enhance the overall model performance. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves variable rate compression with a large bit rate range while ensuring the model performance. The proposed method outperforms G-PCC, achieving more than 70% BD-Rate against G-PCC, and performs about, as well as the learned methods at high bit rates.

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Schwartz, Broderick S., and Tyler Bell. "Downsampled depth encoding for enhanced 3D range geometry compression." Applied Optics 61, no. 6 (February 17, 2022): 1559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.445800.

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Liu, Yongkui, Lijun He, Pengjie Wang, Linghua Li, and Borut Žalik. "Lossless Geometry Compression Through Changing 3D Coordinates into 1D." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 10, no. 8 (January 2013): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/56657.

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Finley, Matthew G., and Tyler Bell. "Variable Precision Depth Encoding for 3D Range Geometry Compression." Electronic Imaging 2020, no. 17 (January 26, 2020): 34–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.17.3dmp-034.

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This paper presents a novel method for accurately encoding 3D range geometry within the color channels of a 2D RGB image that allows the encoding frequency—and therefore the encoding precision—to be uniquely determined for each coordinate. The proposed method can thus be used to balance between encoding precision and file size by encoding geometry along a normal distribution; encoding more precisely where the density of data is high and less precisely where the density is low. Alternative distributions may be followed to produce encodings optimized for specific applications. In general, the nature of the proposed encoding method is such that the precision of each point can be freely controlled or derived from an arbitrary distribution, ideally enabling this method for use within a wide range of applications.

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Finley, Matthew G., Jacob Y. Nishimura, and Tyler Bell. "Variable precision depth encoding for 3D range geometry compression." Applied Optics 59, no. 17 (June 10, 2020): 5290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.389913.

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Bell, Tyler, and Song Zhang. "Multiwavelength depth encoding method for 3D range geometry compression." Applied Optics 54, no. 36 (December 17, 2015): 10684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.54.010684.

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Finley, Matthew G., and Tyler Bell. "Two-channel depth encoding for 3D range geometry compression." Applied Optics 58, no. 25 (August 29, 2019): 6882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.58.006882.

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Braileanu, Patricia Isabela, Delia Alexandra Prisecaru, Nicoleta Crisan, Marilena Stoica, and Andrei Calin. "Influence of Triangular Pattern Infill on 3D Printed Torus Mechanical Behavior." Materiale Plastice 59, no. 4 (January 1, 2001): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.22.4.5634.

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The torus or toroidal surfaces are geometries that can be easily found in various industrial applications, from containers, devices, cartwheels, design objects and even machine parts, being also a geometric primitive often used in solid constructive geometry. For a better understanding of the torus-type surface mechanical behavior, this paper aims to study the toroidal geometry manufactured from ABS material by using the FDM 3D printing method and subjecting each sample to compression tests to identify the influence of the sample filling percentage in the case of triangular pattern.

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Lee, S., C. Bai, and J. Shim. "Performance analysis and experiment of new 3D rotary compressor." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 1 (September 27, 2011): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211413519.

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R410A is one of the HFC refrigerants, which are preferred globally to promote the most environmentally friendly option on the basis of an objective reference system taking into account the alternative selection of HCFC refrigerants for the air-conditioning system by the Kyoto protocol. This article presents a three-dimensional (3D) rotary compressor that is within the family of rotary compressors. First, the geometry of the compressor is explained and equations relating the volume of the compression and suction chambers to the rotational angle of the shaft are derived. These equations are used within a model that predicts the mass flow rate, power consumption, and cooling capacity of the compressor. The model includes energy and mass balances within the compression chambers, as well as the estimation of leakage, frictional, and electrical losses. The primary sources of energy and flow losses are identified for this type of compressor. The results presented were generated using refrigerant R410A as the working fluid based on the properties of the ‘Ref-prop 7.0’ program provided by NIST. Due to the two compression chambers vertically separated in one cylinder, this 3D rotary compressor has the best vibration characteristic and the smallest torque variation among the conventional-type compressors.

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Tripathi, Lekhani, and Bijoya Kumar Behera. "Flatwise compression behavior of 3D woven honeycomb composites." Journal of Industrial Textiles 52 (August 2022): 152808372211254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15280837221125483.

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Honeycomb being a cellular solid is a well-known core in sandwich structure and is considered an ideal structural material because of its high strength and shear stiffness, high impact strength, lower weight, excellent energy absorbing property, high crushing stress, and almost constant crushing force. In this study, 3D woven honeycomb structures were developed with different cell geometry by varying the cell size, free wall length, bonded wall length, opening angle, and the number of honeycomb layers keeping overall composite thickness and cell shape constant. The variation of cell geometry was carried out by changing the number of picks in the honeycomb wall. Composite samples were prepared from the honeycomb preforms with epoxy resin (matrix) using VARIM (vacuum-assisted resin infusion method) process and characterized for their flatwise compression behavior. It was found that the structural parameters influenced compression energy absorption. The results revealed that regular cell shape, smaller cell size, and higher number of layers of honeycomb composites exhibited higher specific energy absorption. These findings are useful in engineering design development and applications of 3D honeycomb composites.

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Quader Shurjeel, Abdul, Narendra Pothula, and Eshwaraiah Punna. "Experimental investigation of strength properties of 3D printed ABS composites." E3S Web of Conferences 309 (2021): 01148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130901148.

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Owing to the huge demand and dependency of the industry on the lightweight and superior mechanical properties products as well as components, the materials like CF-ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene reinforced with carbon fibers) and PC-ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene reinforced with polycarbonate) have gained utmost importance in the current scenario. The present research in this paper focuses on finding the mechanical properties, mainly the tensile, compression, and flexural properties of both the above-said materials. FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) is used as the printing technique in this research as it is the most suitable and widely used for the selected materials. After experimentation, a comparison was made between the two materials, and it is found that the PC-ABS material is stronger in compression, tension as well as in flexural at all the parametric settings. The infill percentage was observed to be proportional to the strength of the material as expected. Triangular infill geometry was more strong in compression and flexural whereas grid infill geometry was strong in tension. produced stronger mechanical properties were observed for 0-degree raster angle in all the three criteria compared to the 45 and 90-degree raster angles. When the variation of the strength of the material with the infill geometry was observed, the infill geometry was more sensitive in compression and flexural compared to that in tension. The load vs. displacement curves have been plotted to depict the maximum load and the behavior of the material in the elastic and plastic regions.

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Finley, Matthew G., and Tyler Bell. "Two-channel 3D range geometry compression with primitive depth modification." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 150 (March 2022): 106832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2021.106832.

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Gu, Shuai, Junhui Hou, Huanqiang Zeng, Hui Yuan, and Kai-Kuang Ma. "3D Point Cloud Attribute Compression Using Geometry-Guided Sparse Representation." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 29 (2020): 796–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2019.2936738.

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Rumman, Nadine Abu, Samir Abou El-Seoud, Khalaf F. Khatatneh, and Christain Gütl. "Geometry Compression for 3D Polygonal Models using a Neural Network." International Journal of Computer Applications 1, no. 29 (February 25, 2010): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/580-744.

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Karpinsky, Nikolaus, and Song Zhang. "3D range geometry video compression with the H.264 codec." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 51, no. 5 (May 2013): 620–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2012.12.021.

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Hajizadeh, Mohammadali, and Hossein Ebrahimnezhad. "Eigenspace compression: dynamic 3D mesh compression by restoring fine geometry to deformed coarse models." Multimedia Tools and Applications 77, no. 15 (November 14, 2017): 19347–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-017-5394-2.

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Abderrahim, Zeineb, and Mohamed Salim Bouhlel. "Compression and Visualization Interactive of 3D Mesh." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Informatics 15 (November 16, 2021): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/91014.2021.15.14.

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The combination of compression and visualization is mentioned as perspective, very few articles treat with this problem. Indeed, in this paper, we proposed a new approach to multiresolution visualization based on a combination of segmentation and multiresolution mesh compression. For this, we proposed a new segmentation method that benefits the organization of faces of the mesh followed by a progressive local compression of regions of mesh to ensure the refinement local of the three-dimensional object. Thus, the quantization precision is adapted to each vertex during the encoding /decoding process to optimize the rate-distortion compromise. The optimization of the treated mesh geometry improves the approximation quality and the compression ratio at each level of resolution. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm gives competitive results compared to the previous works dealing with the rate-distortion compromise and very satisfactory visual results.

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Koch, K. "Digital Images with 3D Geometry from Data Compression by Multi-scale Representations of B-Spline Surfaces." Journal of Geodetic Science 1, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 240–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10156-011-0002-2.

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Digital Images with 3D Geometry from Data Compression by Multi-scale Representations of B-Spline SurfacesTo build up a 3D (three-dimensional) model of the surface of an object, the heights of points on the surface are measured, for instance, by a laser scanner. The intensities of the reflected laser beam of the points can be used to visualize the 3D model as range image. It is proposed here to fit a two-dimensional B-spline surface to the measured heights and intensities by the lofting method. To fully use the geometric information of the laser scanning, points on the fitted surface with their intensities are computed with a density higher than that of the measurements. This gives a 3D model of high resolution which is visualized by the intensities of the points on the B-spline surface. For a realistic view of the 3D model, the coordinates of a digital photo of the object are transformed to the coordinate system of the 3D model so that the points get the colors of the digital image. To efficiently compute and store the 3D model, data compression is applied. It is derived from the multi-scale representation of the dense grid of points on the B-spline surface. The proposed method is demonstrated for an example.

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Qian, C., R. Jiang, and M. Li. "AN ENCODING METHOD FOR COMPRESSING GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES IN 3D SPACE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (September 12, 2017): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-123-2017.

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This paper proposed an encoding method for compressing geographical coordinates in 3D space. By the way of reducing the length of geographical coordinates, it helps to lessen the storage size of geometry information. In addition, the encoding algorithm subdivides the whole space according to octree rules, which enables progressive transmission and loading. Three main steps are included in this method: (1) subdividing the whole 3D geographic space based on octree structure, (2) resampling all the vertices in 3D models, (3) encoding the coordinates of vertices with a combination of Cube Index Code (CIC) and Geometry Code. A series of geographical 3D models were applied to evaluate the encoding method. The results showed that this method reduced the storage size of most test data by 90&thinsp;% or even more under the condition of a speed of encoding and decoding. In conclusion, this method achieved a remarkable compression rate in vertex bit size with a steerable precision loss. It shall be of positive meaning to the web 3d map storing and transmission.

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Hassanzadeh, Sanaz, Hossein Hasani, and Mohammad Zarrebini. "Compression load-carrying capacity of 3D-integrated weft-knitted spacer composites." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 21, no. 4 (July 3, 2017): 1379–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636217716575.

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Recent developments in composite manufacturing have been resulted in formation of newly-known 3D integrated weft-knitted fabrics which can be used as the composites’ reinforcing materials. In this paper, the compression-resistivity of 3D composite panels reinforced with these newly designed 3D textile-preforms from E-glass fibers has been studied. Following this research, the composites mechanical functionality under flatwise and edgewise compression loadings was evaluated. Using VIP method, three groups of glass/epoxy composite with different core thicknesses and structural geometries were prepared. It was concluded that the compressive strength of the flat-wisely loaded samples would significantly decrease by increasing the thickness. Moreover, changing the composites’ geometrical shape leads to some changes in failure mode; in this regard, the produced single-decker U-shaped panels only suffer from the pure buckling failure, while the double-decker U-shaped panel failed due to a combination of facing bending stress, core shear stress, and buckling failure. Thickness changes are not as effective as structural geometry changes on the panels’ compress-resistivity under edgewise compression. As compared with the conventional 3D woven sandwich composites, it was approved that mechanical functionality of the produced 3D integrated weft-knitted spacer panels is completely improved so that they can be considered as good alternatives especially in building constructions.

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Menegozzo, Marco, Andrés Cecchini, Ryan Christian Ogle, Uday Kumar Vaidya, Isaac Acevedo-Figueroa, and Jaine A. Torres-Hernández. "Scale Effect Assessment of Innovative 3D-Printed Honeycomb under Quasi-Static Compression." Aerospace 10, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10030242.

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Honeycomb cores are widely used in the aerospace and automotive fields as a part of protective structures. Unfortunately, standard prismatic honeycomb cores offer a limited amount of energy absorption under lateral loads and suffer from degradation of their impact-deadening properties when their dimensional scale is increased. In this work, a multiscale study on energy absorption under quasi-static load is carried out on 3D-printed honeycomb core samples constituted by a variable section and compared to the cases of standard hexagonal honeycomb samples having the same mass and external dimensions. When doubling the dimensional scale in the case of lateral loads, the novel core geometry showed a substantial absence of specific energy absorption degradation, whereas the hexagonal core suffered from a 12.2%-degradation. Furthermore, by increasing the dimensional scale, the novel core geometry shows a delay in the densification onset. The variable-core geometry showed an average increase, in terms of energy absorption under lateral loads, of 46.8% for the regular scale and 71.4% for the double scale. Under axial loads, a 12.4%-decrease in energy absorption was observed for the samples with novel geometry, which, nevertheless, showed a relatively constant profile of reaction force under compression: this property could potentially allow it to avoid pre-crushing.

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Savvakis, Savvas, Georgia Dimopoulou, and Konstantinos Zoumpourlos. "The Effect of the Isolator Design on the Efficiency of Rotary Piston Compressors." Thermo 3, no. 2 (April 4, 2023): 216–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/thermo3020013.

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The current work investigates the relationship between the shape of an isolator of a concentric rotary piston compressor and the secondary peak pressure developed during each operating cycle. This peak pressure is developed when the piston passes through the isolator cavity, and it is negative for compressor efficiency. The aim of this paper is to identify the isolator cavity shape that minimizes this secondary peak to improve compressor efficiency. This study covers five different cavities that may be used in such compressors. Contrary to our expectations, the conclusion is that the best geometry is the one that can be manufactured with CNC machining. The geometry that can be manufactured with 3D printing also produces a significantly lower secondary peak pressure, but it is not cost-efficient. Another limitation of the 3D printing design is the thin walls that this cavity creates. Very thin walls may cause significant deformation during the compression cycle. The conclusion is that there is a CNC machining design that is cost-efficient and allows for higher compressor performance.

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Finley, Matthew G., Broderick S. Schwartz, Jacob Y. Nishimura, Bernice Kubicek, and Tyler Bell. "SCDeep: Single-Channel Depth Encoding for 3D-Range Geometry Compression Utilizing Deep-Learning Techniques." Photonics 9, no. 7 (June 27, 2022): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9070449.

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Recent advances in optics and computing technologies have encouraged many applications to adopt the use of three-dimensional (3D) data for the measurement and visualization of the world around us. Modern 3D-range scanning systems have become much faster than real-time and are able to capture data with incredible precision. However, increasingly fast acquisition speeds and high fidelity data come with increased storage and transmission costs. In order to enable applications that wish to utilize these technologies, efforts must be made to compress the raw data into more manageable formats. One common approach to compressing 3D-range geometry is to encode its depth information within the three color channels of a traditional 24-bit RGB image. To further reduce file sizes, this paper evaluates two novel approaches to the recovery of floating-point 3D range data from only a single-channel 8-bit image using machine learning techniques. Specifically, the recovery of depth data from a single channel is enabled through the use of both semantic image segmentation and end-to-end depth synthesis. These two distinct approaches show that machine learning techniques can be utilized to enable significant file size reduction while maintaining reconstruction accuracy suitable for many applications. For example, a complex set of depth data encoded using the proposed method, stored in the JPG 20 format, and recovered using semantic segmentation techniques was able to achieve an average RMS reconstruction accuracy of 99.18% while achieving an average compression ratio of 106:1 when compared to the raw floating-point data. When end-to-end synthesis techniques were applied to the same encoded dataset, an average reconstruction accuracy of 99.59% was experimentally demonstrated for the same average compression ratio.

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Broderick S., Schwartz, Finley Matthew G., and Bell Tyler. "Feature-driven 3D range geometry compression via spatially-aware depth encoding." Electronic Imaging 34, no. 17 (January 16, 2022): 224–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/ei.2022.34.17.3dia-224.

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Lee, Jong-Seok, Sung-Yul Choe, and Seung-Yong Lee. "Compression of 3D Mesh Geometry and Vertex Attributes for Mobile Graphics." Journal of Computing Science and Engineering 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5626/jcse.2010.4.3.207.

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Yang, BaiLin, JianQiu Jing, Xun Wang, and JianWei Han. "3D geometry-dependent texture map compression with a hybrid ROI coding." Science China Information Sciences 57, no. 2 (June 25, 2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11432-013-4897-3.

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Gupta, Sumit, Kuntal Sengupta, and Ashraf A. Kassim. "Compression of Dynamic 3D Geometry Data Using Iterative Closest Point Algorithm." Computer Vision and Image Understanding 87, no. 1-3 (July 2002): 116–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cviu.2002.0987.

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Yu, Jiawen, Jin Wang, Longhua Sun, Mu-En Wu, and Qing Zhu. "Point Cloud Geometry Compression Based on Multi-Layer Residual Structure." Entropy 24, no. 11 (November 17, 2022): 1677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24111677.

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Point cloud data are extensively used in various applications, such as autonomous driving and augmented reality since it can provide both detailed and realistic depictions of 3D scenes or objects. Meanwhile, 3D point clouds generally occupy a large amount of storage space that is a big burden for efficient communication. However, it is difficult to efficiently compress such sparse, disordered, non-uniform and high dimensional data. Therefore, this work proposes a novel deep-learning framework for point cloud geometric compression based on an autoencoder architecture. Specifically, a multi-layer residual module is designed on a sparse convolution-based autoencoders that progressively down-samples the input point clouds and reconstructs the point clouds in a hierarchically way. It effectively constrains the accuracy of the sampling process at the encoder side, which significantly preserves the feature information with a decrease in the data volume. Compared with the state-of-the-art geometry-based point cloud compression (G-PCC) schemes, our approach obtains more than 70–90% BD-Rate gain on an object point cloud dataset and achieves a better point cloud reconstruction quality. Additionally, compared to the state-of-the-art PCGCv2, we achieve an average gain of about 10% in BD-Rate.

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Calcagno, Philippe, Joëlle Lazarre, Gabriel Courrioux, and Patrick Ledru. "3D geometric modelling of an external orogenic domain: a case history from the western Alps (massif de Morges, Pelvoux)." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 178, no. 4 (July 1, 2007): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.178.4.263.

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Abstract Describing the 3D geometry of geological surfaces is a fundamental step to infer their structural history, especially when they have recorded successive deformation phases. This study aims at testing the contribution of 3D modelling to the understanding of orogenic domains. It focuses on the cover/basement contact of an External Crystalline Massif of the French Alps considered as a marker of the finite deformation at orogen scale. This contact is observable in outliers of Mesozoic cover in the test area located in the Massif de Morges (Pelvoux Massif). A 3D geometric model has been built from map and cross-section data derived from field structural and kinematic observations using STRIM software (Matra Datavision). 3D modelling ensures geometric consistency of geological interpretation. Moreover, the model has been unfolded to restore surfaces and to quantify shortening. Together with field analyses, those results show that two sub-perpendicular phases of deformation related to the Alpine cycle have occurred. The first and main one consisted of the NNE-SSW inversion of previous extensional paleo-faults that controlled the geometry of the Tethyan margin. The second one was an E-W compression of post-Early Oligocene age.

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Mehendale, Saahil V., Liliana F. Mellor, Michael A. Taylor, Elizabeth G. Loboa, and Rohan A. Shirwaiker. "Effects of 3D-bioplotted polycaprolactone scaffold geometry on human adipose-derived stem cell viability and proliferation." Rapid Prototyping Journal 23, no. 3 (April 18, 2017): 534–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-03-2016-0035.

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Purpose This study aims to investigate the effect of three-dimensional (3D)- bioplotted polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold geometry on the biological and mechanical characteristics of human adipose-derived stem cell (hASC) seeded constructs. Design/methodology/approach Four 3D-bioplotted scaffold disc designs (Ø14.5 × 2 mm) with two levels of strand–pore feature sizes and two strand laydown patterns (0°/90° or 0°/120°/240°) were evaluated for hASC viability, proliferation and construct compressive stiffness after 14 days of in vitro cell culture. Findings Scaffolds with the highest porosity (smaller strand–pore size in 0°/120°/240°) yielded the highest hASC proliferation and viability. Further testing of this design in a 6-mm thick configuration showed that cells were able to penetrate and proliferate throughout the scaffold thickness. The design with the lowest porosity (larger strand–pore size in 0°/90°) had the highest compression modulus after 14 days of culture, but resulted in the lowest hASC viability. The strand laydown pattern by itself did not influence the compression modulus of scaffolds. The 14-day cell culture also did not cause significant changes in compressive properties in any of the four designs. Originality/value hASC hold great potential for musculoskeletal tissue engineering applications because of their relative ease of harvest, abundance and differentiation abilities. This study reports on the effects of 3D-bioplotted scaffold geometry on mechanical and biological characteristics of hASC-seeded PCL constructs. The results provide the basis for future studies which will use this optimal scaffold design to develop constructs for hASC-based osteochondral tissue engineering applications.

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Hassan, Md Sahid, Luis A. Chavez, Chien-Chun Chou, Samuel E. Hall, Tzu-Liang Tseng, and Yirong Lin. "Mechanical response of shape-recovering metamaterial structures fabricated by additive manufacturing." Materials Research Express 8, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 115801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac343f.

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Abstract Three different metamaterial structures were fabricated using stereolithography 3D printing and a shape recovering material. Mechanical properties and recovery efficiency were assessed after compression testing. All three structures exhibited similar initial specific compressive moduli, while the highest specific toughness was observed for the stretch-dominated structure. The three metamaterial structures were re-tested after shape recovery. Significant strengthening was observed for all structures, with the bend-stretch-dominated structure strengthening to the highest degree. This strengthening phenomenon was characterized as strain hardening. It was found that the strengthening is highly geometry dependent. The geometry with stretch-dominated behavior exhibited the highest mechanical properties after a second test was performed. Improvements in specific toughness of up to 67% were observed after the second compressive test.

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Menegozzo, Marco, Andrés Cecchini, Frederick A. Just-Agosto, David Serrano Acevedo, Orlando J. Flores Velez, Isaac Acevedo-Figueroa, and Jancary De Jesús Ruiz. "A 3D-Printed Honeycomb Cell Geometry Design with Enhanced Energy Absorption under Axial and Lateral Quasi-Static Compression Loads." Applied Mechanics 3, no. 1 (March 14, 2022): 296–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmech3010019.

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This work presents an innovative honeycomb cell geometry design with enhanced in-plane energy absorption under quasi-static lateral loads. Numerical and experimental compression tests results under axial and lateral loads are analyzed. The proposed cell geometry was designed to overcome the limitations posed by standard hexagonal honeycombs, which show relatively low stiffness and energy absorption under loads that have a significant lateral component. To achieve this, the new cell geometry was designed with internal diagonal walls to support the external walls, increasing its stiffness and impact energy absorption in comparison with the hexagonal cell. 3D-printed unit-cell specimens made from ABS thermoplastic material were subjected to experimental quasi-static compression tests, in both lateral and axial directions. Energy absorption was compared to that of the standard hexagonal cell, with the same mass and height. Finite element models were developed and validated using experimental data. Results show that the innovative geometry absorbs approximately 15% more energy under lateral compression, while maintaining the same level of energy absorption of the standard hexagonal cell in the axial direction. The present study demonstrates that the proposed cell geometry has the potential to substitute the standard hexagonal honeycomb in applications where significant lateral loads are present.

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Nguyen, Q. T., Emmanuelle Vidal-Sallé, Philippe Boisse, C. H. Park, Abdelghani Saouab, J. Bréard, and Gilles Hivet. "Analyses of Textile Composite Reinforcement Compaction at the Mesoscopic Scale." Key Engineering Materials 611-612 (May 2014): 356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.611-612.356.

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Mesoscopic simulations of the transverse compression of textile preforms are presented in this paper. They are based on 3D FE models of each yarn in contact with friction with its neighbours. The mesoscopic simulations can be used as virtual compression tests. In addition they determine the internal geometry of the reinforcement after compaction. The internal geometry can be used to compute the permeability of the deformed reinforcement and to calculate the homogenised mechanical properties of the final composite part. A hypoelastic model based on the fibre rotation depicts the mechanical behaviour of the yarn. The compression responses of several layer stacks with parallel or different orientations are computed. The numerical simulations show good agreement when compared to compaction experiments.

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Xu, Tao, De Liang Zhu, and Hao Kui Tang. "Wavelet Based Progressive Compression and Transmission of 3D Object." Advanced Materials Research 271-273 (July 2011): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.271-273.383.

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A novel algorithm of progressive compression and transmission based on wavelet transform is proposed in this paper, which deals with the connectivity of the original mesh and consequently reconstructs the basic topological relations of base mesh. Not only the spatial correlations between different levels of details but also the time correlations are exploited to enhance the compression ratio. A concept of ‘frame’, which represents different levels of details at different time, is introduced, and compression mode of ‘F+3D’ (a 3D mesh within a temporal frame) is then achieved. The temporal correlations among frames at different time will be decreased by using a temporal-based lifting wavelet. Then, geometry details in a frame will be translated into several wavelet coefficients which will be joined into the bit stream after being quantized and encoded. Experimental results suggest that the algorithm achieve a good compression ratio for larger 3D models, and the performance in the process of progressive decoding and rendering is satisfied.

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Janusziewicz, Rima, and Janus S. Rahima Benhabbour. "3466 Innovative 3D Printed Intravaginal Rings: Developing AnelleO PRO, the First Intravaginal Ring for Infertility." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 3, s1 (March 2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2019.137.

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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The study aims to develop and test a biocompatible 3D-printed IVRs for the mechanical and release properties of a model drug, β-estradiol, then translate these methods to the target drug, progesterone. The goals include demonstrating decoupling of mechanical and release properties of the rings, release profiles driven by geometry and efficacy in sheep animal models to evaluate device safety. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: A novel 3D-printing platform, continuous liquid interface production (CLIP), pioneered by Carbon, enables the fabrication of complex designs on a timescale that is amenable to manufacturing. The process utilizes computational-aided design (CAD), specifying shape and geometry, which is recreated via a photopolymerization process. IVRs are fabricated with CLIP using a biocompatible resin at a rate of approximately 15 min. per ring. Rings were fabricated and assessed for the release of a model drug, β-estradiol. The process was then translated to the target drug, progesterone. Rings were evaluated for radial compression and in vitro release in simulated vaginal fluid (SVF). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Intravaginal rings (IVRs) were designed and fabricated to be geometrically complex in an effort to control release. Ring geometry and subsequent pore size was achieved through the use of unit cells. Several design parameters were explored including unit cell type, size, and band presence in two resins of differing mechanical properties. Through design, a wide range of radial compressive properties were achieved which spanned values covered by commercially available rings. The release of β-estradiol in SVF was found to span 57 – 115 days and resulted in near or complete release of the total loaded drug. Changing the internal geometric design of the ring was found to have minimal influence on the compression properties, thus the mechanical and release characteristics of the rings were largely decoupled. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This is a novel approach to the design and fabrication of intravaginal rings for the treatment of infertility. The use of CAD and the decoupling of release from mechanical properties allows for us to move away from the one-size one-dose fits all approach to IVRs.

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Koibuchi, H., S. Hongo, F. Kato, S. El Hog, G. Diguet, T. Uchimoto, and H. T. Diep. "Monte Carlo studies on shape deformation and stability of 3D skyrmions under mechanical stresses." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2090, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2090/1/012080.

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Abstract We study the stability/instability of skyrmions under mechanical stresses by Monte Carlo simulations in a 3D disk composed of tetrahedrons. Skyrmions emerge in chiral magnetic materials, such as FeGe and MnSi, under the competition of ferromagnetic interaction (FMI) and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) and are stabilized by the external magnetic field. Recent experimental studies show that skyrmions are also stabilized/destabilized by uniaxial compressive stress perpendicular to or along the magnetic field direction. These phenomena are studied by using a 3D Finsler geometry (FG) model. In this 3D FG model, the DMI coefficient is automatically anisotropic by a geometrically implemented coupling of strains and electronic spins. We find that skyrmions are stabilized (destabilized) by extension (compression) stress along the direction of the applied magnetic field consistent with reported experimental data. This consistency implies that the 3D FG model successfully implements the magnetostrictive or magneto-elastic effect of external mechanical stresses on chiral magnetic orders, including the skyrmion configuration.

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Zängler, Wibke, Robert Keller, and Matthias Wessling. "Production of Novel Tubular Electrochemical Hydrogen Compressor." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 38 (December 22, 2023): 1850. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02381850mtgabs.

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For most applications, especially transport, hydrogen needs to be compressed due to its low volumetric density. Conventionally, mechanical compressors are used for hydrogen compression, but they possess disadvantages such as high maintenance due to moving parts and a limited one-stage compression ratio. A promising technology to overcome those obstacles is electrochemical hydrogen compression, in which hydrogen is compressed in an electrochemical membrane reactor. To date, only planar electrochemical reactors for hydrogen compression have been investigated although tubular designs offer advantages in membrane area to reactor volume ratio, sealing options, pressure stability and reactor complexity. However, high contact and membrane resistances and scalable manufacturing processes are still challenges to be addressed for the advent of tubular electrochemical compressors in application. Herein we introduce a manufacturing process for tubular electrochemical hydrogen compression reactors. The developed cell comprises a catalyst coated porous tubular anode covered by a tubular proton exchange membrane, which was subsequently coated with the cathode catalyst layer. The porous anode was prepared via metal 3D printing. 3D printing enables tailored porosity and geometry by which mass transport is enhanced. The catalyst layer was applied by manual spray coating. Constant current experiments and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were performed to characterize the as prepared tubular electrochemical compressor. The results revealed the importance of tailored contacting concepts and the optimization of components regarding water transport, as the efficiency of the process is dominated by contact and membrane resistances.

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Krivokuća, Maja, Waleed Habib Abdulla, and Burkhard Claus Wünsche. "Progressive Compression of 3D Mesh Geometry Using Sparse Approximations from Redundant Frame Dictionaries." ETRI Journal 39, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4218/etrij.17.0116.0509.

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YANG, Bai-Lin, Jian-Qiu JIN, Zhao-Yi JIANG, Jian-Wei HAN, and Xun WANG. "Selective Compression for Texture Map Image Based on Visual Importance from 3D Geometry." Acta Automatica Sinica 39, no. 6 (March 25, 2014): 826–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1004.2013.00826.

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Cayre, F., P. Rondao-Alface, F. Schmitt, Benoı̂t Macq, and H. Maı̂tre. "Application of spectral decomposition to compression and watermarking of 3D triangle mesh geometry." Signal Processing: Image Communication 18, no. 4 (April 2003): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0923-5965(02)00147-9.

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Shen, Fei, Shangqin Yuan, Yanchunni Guo, Bo Zhao, Jiaming Bai, Mahan Qwamizadeh, Chee Kai Chua, Jun Wei, and Kun Zhou. "Energy Absorption of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Lattice Structures via 3D Printing: Modeling and Prediction." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 08, no. 07 (October 2016): 1640006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825116400068.

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This work investigates the energy absorption capacity of polymeric lattice structures through a systemic manufacturing, testing and modeling approaches. The lattice structures are designed to possess periodic cubic geometry with optimized spherical shells located at the cubic corners, and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) powders are used to fabricate such structures via selective laser sintering, a type of powder-based 3D printing technology. A hyperelastic model that considers the mullins effect and describes the cyclic compression stress–strain behavior of TPU is developed to simulate the mechanical response of its 3D-printed lattice structures under cyclic compression loading. After the validation of the model for printed structure, it is used to predict the energy absorption capacity of various designed structures.

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Elenskaya, Nataliya V., Mikhail A. Tashkinov, and Vadim V. Silberschmidt. "Numerical modelling of the deformation behaviour of polymer lattice structures with density gradient based on additive technologies." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy 9, no. 4 (2022): 679–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2022.410.

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The mechanical behavior of gradient lattice structures whose geometry is based on the analytic definition of three-dimensional triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) is investigated. Several homogeneous and gradient lattice models with different types of representative volume geometry and gradient parameters are considered. The numerical models are validated with data obtained experimentally using the Vic-3D video system. The results of numerical simulation of the deformation behaviour of gradient structures with the Shoen G (gyroid) TPMP geometry under uniaxial compression are presented. The influence of structure parameters and gradient properties on the mechanical behaviour is studied.

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Rochlitz, Bence, and Dávid Pammer. "Design and Analysis of 3D Printable Foot Prosthesis." Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering 61, no. 4 (August 8, 2017): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppme.11085.

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3D printing manufacturing process has the possibilities to produce individual medical devices, especially implants and prosthesis with short production time. The aim of this study is to design a 3D printable Energy Storage and Return (ESAR) foot prosthesis for transtibial amputees with a novel geometry. The criteria of the prosthesis were 3D printable, low cost, simply geometry and satisfying mechanical properties for low activity use. The finite element analysis of the designed foot prosthesis was conducted in each of the three support phases of the walking cycle (controlled plantarflexion, controlled dorsiflexion, powered plantarflexion or push-off phase). Besides of the simulations the prototype was printed by fused deposit modeling (FDM) technology, used ABS material and the produced prototype was investigated in quasi-static and cyclic compression. It can be stated after the investigation (simulation and test) that the 3D printed prototype fulfill the requirements and it can be used as passive ESAR foot prosthesis.

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Řehounek, Luboš, Petra Hájková, Petr Vakrčka, and Aleš Jíra. "GEOMETRY AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A 3D-PRINTED TITANIUM MICROSTRUCTURE." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 15 (December 31, 2018): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2018.15.0104.

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Construction applications sometimes require use of a material other than construction steel or concrete – mainly in cases, where strength to weight ratio needs to be considered. A suitable solution to this problem are structures manufactured using the 3D printing process, as they have a very good strength to weight ratio (i.e.: Ti-6Al-4V – σ<sub>ult</sub> = 900 MPa and ρ = 4500 kg/m<sup>3</sup>). Trabecular structures are porous structures with local material characteristics identical to their commonly manufactured counterparts, but due to their geometry, they have different global mechanical properties and are suited for special applications. We designed and manufactured six variants of these structures and subjected them to uniaxial compression tests, nanoindentation tests and subsequently evaluated their differences and elastic moduli. The values of global moduli E are in the range of 2.55 GPa – 3.55 GPa for all specimens.

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Maszybrocka, Joanna, Bartosz Gapiński, Michał Dworak, Grzegorz Skrabalak, and Andrzej Stwora. "The manufacturability and compression properties of the Schwarz Diamond type Ti6Al4V cellular lattice fabricated by selective laser melting." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 105, no. 7-8 (November 12, 2019): 3411–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-04422-6.

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Abstract Selective laser melting technology makes it possible to produce 3D cellular lattice structures with controlled porosity. The paper reflects to machining and examination of structures with predefined distribution, shape and size of the pores. In the study, the porous structures of Ti6Al4V were investigated. The tests were carried out using structures of spatial architecture of Schwarz D TPMS geometry with a total porosity of 60% and 80% and various pore sizes. Dimensional accuracy of additively manufactured structures was measured in relation to the 3D model. Geometry of the final structure differed from the CAD model in the range ± 0.3 mm. The surface morphology and porosity of the solid struts were also checked. The mechanical properties of the structures were determined in a static compression test.

Journal articles on the topic '3D geometry compression'

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