Journal articles: '3D computational modeling'

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Paulsen, Jonas, Tharvesh Moideen Liyakat Ali, and Philippe Collas. "Computational 3D genome modeling using Chrom3D." Nature Protocols 13, no. 5 (April 26, 2018): 1137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2018.009.

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Laing, Christian, and Tamar Schlick. "Computational approaches to 3D modeling of RNA." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 22, no. 28 (June 15, 2010): 283101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/22/28/283101.

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Khoei, A. R., A. R. Azami, and S. Azizi. "Computational modeling of 3D powder compaction processes." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 185, no. 1-3 (April 2007): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.03.122.

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Dawson, Wayne K., and Janusz M. Bujnicki. "Computational modeling of RNA 3D structures and interactions." Current Opinion in Structural Biology 37 (April 2016): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2015.11.007.

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Dłotko, Paweł, and Ruben Specogna. "Cohomology in 3D Magneto-Quasistatics Modeling." Communications in Computational Physics 14, no. 1 (July 2013): 48–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.151111.180712a.

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AbstractElectromagnetic modeling provides an interesting context to present a link between physical phenomena and homology and cohomology theories. Over the past twenty-five years, a considerable effort has been invested by the computational electromagnetics community to develop fast and general techniques for defining potentials. When magneto-quasi-static discrete formulations based on magnetic scalar potential are employed in problemswhich involve conductive regionswith holes, cuts are needed to make the boundary value problem well defined. While an intimate connection with homology theory has been quickly recognized, heuristic definitions of cuts are surprisingly still dominant in the literature.The aim of this paper is first to survey several definitions of cuts together with their shortcomings. Then, cuts are defined as generators of the first cohomology group over integers of a finite CW-complex. This provably general definition has also the virtue of providing an automatic, general and efficient algorithm for the computation of cuts. Some counter-examples show that heuristic definitions of cuts should be abandoned. The use of cohomology theory is not an option but the invaluable tool expressly needed to solve this problem.

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Sher, E. N. "3D computational model of wedge penetrator-rock mass interaction dynamics." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 4 (May 18, 2022): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2022-2-4-29-37.

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The paper describes computational model variants of penetration dynamics of a wedge-shaped tool in rock mass. The computation uses the quasi-static approximation of penetration resistance forces obtained preliminarily in 2D and 3D formulations. The scope of the analysis embraces the elastoplastic and elastic deformation events in the medium with regard to the equilibrium propagation of a main crack. The calculation results are compared with the experimental modeling data on impact-driven wedge penetration in an organic glass block. The comparison proves efficiency of the described computational models.

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Bickel, Bernd, and Marc Alexa. "Computational Aspects of Fabrication: Modeling, Design, and 3D Printing." IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 33, no. 6 (November 2013): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2013.89.

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Cui, Meng-Yao, Shao-Ping Lu, Miao Wang, Yong-Liang Yang, Yu-Kun Lai, and Paul L. Rosin. "3D computational modeling and perceptual analysis of kinetic depth effects." Computational Visual Media 6, no. 3 (August 13, 2020): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41095-020-0180-x.

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Abstract Humans have the ability to perceive kinetic depth effects, i.e., to perceived 3D shapes from 2D projections of rotating 3D objects. This process is based on a variety of visual cues such as lighting and shading effects. However, when such cues are weak or missing, perception can become faulty, as demonstrated by the famous silhouette illusion example of the spinning dancer. Inspired by this, we establish objective and subjective evaluation models of rotated 3D objects by taking their projected 2D images as input. We investigate five different cues: ambient luminance, shading, rotation speed, perspective, and color difference between the objects and background. In the objective evaluation model, we first apply 3D reconstruction algorithms to obtain an objective reconstruction quality metric, and then use quadratic stepwise regression analysis to determine weights of depth cues to represent the reconstruction quality. In the subjective evaluation model, we use a comprehensive user study to reveal correlations with reaction time and accuracy, rotation speed, and perspective. The two evaluation models are generally consistent, and potentially of benefit to inter-disciplinary research into visual perception and 3D reconstruction.

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Plessix, R. E., M. Darnet, and W. A. Mulder. "An approach for 3D multisource, multifrequency CSEM modeling." GEOPHYSICS 72, no. 5 (September 2007): SM177—SM184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2744234.

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We discuss a practical approach for multisource, multifrequency controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) modeling. The approach consists of an efficient iterative multigrid-based solver and an automatic gridding procedure. For a given frequency and a given source location, the automatic gridding procedure ensures that the computational grid is consistent with the discretization of the electromagnetic equations. The conductivity is mapped from the input grid onto the automatically defined computational grid by volume averaging. This mapping changes the conductivity representation. Volume averaging based on the logarithm of the conductivity provides the best result. When the stretching in the computational grid is moderate, we use a multigrid method based on full coarsening. However, when the stretching is more severe, we propose a more robust multigrid method based on semicoarsening. Numerical examples show the usefulness of this approach for survey design and scenario studies over complex heterogeneous structures, when the layered-earth assumption is not satisfactory.

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Chanel, Paul G., and John C. Doering. "Assessment of spillway modeling using computational fluid dynamics." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 35, no. 12 (December 2008): 1481–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l08-094.

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Throughout the design and planning period for future hydroelectric generating stations, hydraulic engineers are increasingly integrating computational fluid dynamics (CFD) into the process. As a result, hydraulic engineers are interested in the reliability of CFD software to provide accurate flow data for a wide range of structures, including a variety of different spillways. In the literature, CFD results have generally been in agreement with physical model experimental data. Despite past success, there has not been a comprehensive assessment that looks at the ability of CFD to model a range of different spillway configurations, including flows with various gate openings. In this article, Flow-3D is used to model the discharge over ogee-crested spillways. The numerical model results are compared with physical model studies for three case study evaluations. The comparison indicates that the accuracy of Flow-3D is related to the parameter P/Hd.

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Bang, Hyejin, Yonghyun Ju, Hyeonnam Kim, Hyunshik Shin, Kyujong Park, and Chongdu Cho. "Development of Modeling Method for Computational Analysis of 3D Printing Model." Transaction of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 29, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7467/ksae.2021.29.3.257.

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Shafran, Yuriy, and Aleksandr Khoperskov. "Modeling of Industrial Ventilation Systems: Design Issue of 3D Computational Mesh." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 1. Mathematica. Physica, no. 2 (June 2016): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu1.2016.2.6.

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Metar, Manas. "Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of Conceptual 3D Car Model." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): 1704–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39608.

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Abstract: From past decades, people are giving more attention to conservation of the fuels. The increasing number of passenger cars have increased the amount of traffic which directly impacts pollution and traffic congestion. Manufacturers are indulged into making lightweight and performance efficient automobiles. Implementation of different designs and materials has been in practice since ages. We need smaller vehicle designs for personal transport and electric vehicles to tackle the raising problems. In future designs, vehicles will be efficient enough to save more fuel and also the traffic problems may be solved. But for the design optimizations and experiments we need different analyses to be performed, one of which is aerodynamic analysis. In this paper a CFD analysis is done to check the aerodynamic performance of a proposed car design. The car has been designed using Onshape modeling software and analyzed in Simscale software. The car is subjected to different vehicle speeds and the results of drag coefficients and pressure plots are shown. Keywords: Design and analysis of a vehicle, CFD analysis, Aerodynamic analysis, 3D modelling, Drag coefficient, Pressure plot, Concept car, Performance Optimization.

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Hu, Lin. "Application of AutoCAD's 3D Modeling Function in Industrial Modeling Design." Computer-Aided Design and Applications 18, S1 (May 7, 2020): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14733/cadaps.2021.s1.33-42.

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Somireddy, Madhukar, and Aleksander Czekanski. "Computational modeling of constitutive behaviour of 3D printed composite structures." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 11 (March 2021): 1710–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.02.030.

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Kislitsyn, Alexey, Rostislav Savinkov, Mario Novkovic, Lucas Onder, and Gennady Bocharov. "Computational Approach to 3D Modeling of the Lymph Node Geometry." Computation 3, no. 2 (May 22, 2015): 222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation3020222.

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Mahmoud, Mohamed, François Bay, and Daniel Pino Muñoz. "An Efficient Computational Model for Magnetic Pulse Forming of Thin Structures." Materials 14, no. 24 (December 12, 2021): 7645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14247645.

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Electromagnetic forming (EMF) is one of the most popular high-speed forming processes for sheet metals. However, modeling this process in 3D often requires huge computational time since it deals with a strongly coupled multi-physics problem. The numerical tools that are capable of modeling this process rely either on shell elements-based approaches or on full 3D elements-based approaches. The former leads to reduced computational time at the expense of the accuracy, while the latter favors accuracy over computation time. Herein, a novel approach was developed to reduce CPU time while maintaining reasonable accuracy through building upon a 3D finite element analysis toolbox which was developed in CEMEF. This toolbox was used to solve magnetic pulse forming (MPF) of thin sheets. The problem was simulated under different conditions and the results were analyzed in-depth. Innovative techniques, such as developing a termination criterion and using adaptive re-meshing, were devised to overcome the encountered problems. Moreover, a solid shell element was implemented and tested for thin structure problems and its applicability was verified. The results of this element type were comparable to the results of the standard tetrahedral MINI element but with reduced simulation time.

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Kim, Sung-Chan. "Preprocessing Method of 3D Topographic Modeling for Wildland Fire Simulation." Fire Science and Engineering 36, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.43aee5d9.

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This study was conducted to develop a preprocessing method that generates a computational geometry for a wildland fire simulation based on topographic data. The computational domain comprised an area of 2 km × 2 km with a height of 1.2 km, including the terrain geometry and atmosphere, in Palgongsan Natural Park near the Gatbawi district. BLENDER 2.92, an open-source 3D computer graphics software tool, was used to create the terrain surface and 3D solid objects based on the data of a digital elevation model, considering the spatial resolution of 90 m provided by the SRTM of the NASA. The level-set method of the FDS model was used to track the wildland fire spread, assuming that the speed of the wind from the east was 10 m/s. The calculated result of the fire spread was dependent on the grid size of the computational mesh and the voxel size of the 3D solid objects.

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Barazzetti, L., M. Previtali, and F. Roncoroni. "3D MODELING WITH 5K 360° VIDEOS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-2/W1-2022 (February 25, 2022): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-2-w1-2022-65-2022.

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Abstract. Video acquisition with 360° (spherical) cameras is becoming increasingly popular for the opportunity to capture the entire scene around the user in a relatively short time. The method can also be attractive for photogrammetric applications. As the overlap between consecutive frames is undoubtedly guaranteed, 3D models can be generated with an automated processing workflow. The paper illustrates the results achieved with 5k 360° videos captured with different Insta360 cameras. As the number of frames can become large, two complementary solutions are proposed to provide approximate initial exterior orientation parameters: the integration of the trajectory captured through GNSS, and the creation of an acquisition plan with a GIS-based application. The availability of approximated EO parameters provides a visibility map between the frames and reduces the computational cost during image matching. Experimental results demonstrate that such preliminary information is necessary for large datasets. Indeed, the photogrammetric processing of the entire dataset without the proposed preliminary EO parameters resulted in unreliable or incomplete orientation results.

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Daley, P. F., E. S. Krebes, and L. R. Lines. "A hybrid method applied to a 2.5D scalar wave equation." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 45, no. 12 (December 2008): 1517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e08-067.

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The 3D acoustic wave equation for a heterogeneous medium is used for the seismic modeling of compressional (P-) wave propagation in complex subsurface structures. A combination of finite difference and finite integral transform methods is employed to obtain a “2.5D” solution to the 3D equation. Such 2.5D approaches are attractive because they result in computational run times that are substantially smaller than those for the 3D finite difference method. The acoustic parameters of the medium are assumed to be constant in one of the three Cartesian spatial dimensions. This assumption is made to reduce the complexity of the problem, but still retain the salient features of the approach. Simple models are used to address the computational issues that arise in the modeling. The conclusions drawn can also be applied to the more general fully inhomogeneous problem. Although similar studies have been carried out by others, the work presented here is new in the sense that (i) it applies to subsurface models that are both vertically and laterally heterogeneous, and (ii) the computational issues that need to be addressed for efficient computations, which are not trivial, are examined in detail, unlike previous works. We find that it is feasible to generate true-amplitude synthetic seismograms using the 2.5D approach, with computational run times, storage requirements, and other factors, being at reduced and acceptable levels.

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Chatzivasileiadi, Aikaterini, Nicholas Wardhana, Wassim Jabi, Robert Aish, and Simon Lannon. "Characteristics of 3D Solid Modeling Software Libraries for Non-Manifold Modeling." Computer-Aided Design and Applications 16, no. 3 (September 29, 2018): 496–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.14733/cadaps.2019.496-518.

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Meschke, G., H. J. Payer, and H. A. Mang. "3D Simulations of Automobile Tires: Material Modeling, Mesh Generation, and Solution Strategies." Tire Science and Technology 25, no. 3 (July 1, 1997): 154–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2137538.

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Abstract The paper addresses finite element formulations for automobile tires considering nonlinear material behavior, large strains, and finite deformations while using efficient computational strategies for realistic large-scale 3D finite element simulations. A new 3D finite element model for cord-reinforced rubber composites is employed for the numerical representation of the reinforcing plies. A hyperelastic Mooney material law in conjunction with a hybrid finite element formulation is used for the modeling of the rubber material. A strategy for the generation of locally refined finite element meshes of automobile tires is developed. Several computational strategies, together with an iterative solver, are proposed to improve the computational efficiency. 3D simulations of factional static contact of automobile tires on a rigid road surface, involving the determination of the pressure distribution in the contact zone, are presented.

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Avhad, Amit, Zheng Li, Azure Wilson, Lea Sayce, Siyuan Chang, Bernard Rousseau, and Haoxiang Luo. "Subject-Specific Computational Fluid-Structure Interaction Modeling of Rabbit Vocal Fold Vibration." Fluids 7, no. 3 (March 6, 2022): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids7030097.

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A full three-dimensional (3D) fluid-structure interaction (FSI) study of subject-specific vocal fold vibration is carried out based on the previously reconstructed vocal fold models of rabbit larynges. Our primary focuses are the vibration characteristics of the vocal fold, the unsteady 3D flow field, and comparison with a recently developed 1D glottal flow model that incorporates machine learning. The 3D FSI model applies strong coupling between the finite-element model for the vocal fold tissue and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation for the flow. Five different samples of the rabbit larynx, reconstructed from the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans after the in vivo phonation experiments, are used in the FSI simulation. These samples have distinct geometries and a different inlet pressure measured in the experiment. Furthermore, the material properties of the vocal fold tissue were determined previously for each individual sample. The results demonstrate that the vibration and the intraglottal pressure from the 3D flow simulation agree well with those from the 1D flow model based simulation. Further 3D analyses show that the inferior and supraglottal geometries play significant roles in the FSI process. Similarity of the flow pattern with the human vocal fold is discussed. This study supports the effective usage of rabbit larynges to understand human phonation and will help guide our future computational studies that address vocal fold disorders.

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SOHRT, WOLFGANG, and BEAT D. BRÜDERLIN. "INTERACTION WITH CONSTRAINTS IN 3D MODELING." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 01, no. 04 (December 1991): 405–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819599100027x.

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This paper presents an implementation of an interactive solid modeling system that integrates 1) the definition of objects by graphical interaction and 2) the specification of objects by geometric constraints. In this system, interactive modeling operations for constructing assemblies automatically generate constraints to maintain the properties intended by their invocation, and constraints, in turn, determine the degrees of freedom for further interactive mouse-controlled modeling operations. A symbolic geometric constraint solver is employed for solving systems of simultaneous constraints. Group hierarchies are utilized for representing dependencies and for localizing systems of constraints.

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Gunderson, Aaron. "3D finite element modeling techniques and application to underwater target scattering." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010637.

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Underwater acoustic target scattering measurements rely on high-fidelity modeling for experimental comparison and understanding. Three-dimensional (3D) finite element models are well suited for this purpose, as they can account for arbitrary or unknown target properties and configurations/orientations within complex and asymmetrical seafloor environments. High acoustic frequencies and large physical distances associated with in situ scattering measurements pose challenges to 3D modeling efforts in terms of model sizes and runtimes. Certain model considerations must be made to keep the 3D model computationally efficient, yet accurate in predictive capability. Numerically determined Green’s functions are demonstrated to permit 3D model reduction, while still preserving far-field scattering prediction capability through the Helmholtz–Kirchhoff integral. By determining Green’s functions within the model, they need not be known or estimated for complex ocean environments a priori. Nontraditional scattering formulations and a survey of boundary truncation methods also are explored and implemented for maximal accuracy within small 3D computational domains. Model results for canonical elastic targets within varying seafloor environments are shown and compared to theory and experimentation. [Work supported by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program and by the Office of Naval Research, Ocean Acoustics.]

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Mohamad, Barhm, and Andrei Zelentsov. "1D and 3D Modeling of Modern Automotive Exhaust Manifold." Journal of the Serbian Society for Computational Mechanics 13, no. 1 (September 2019): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24874/jsscm.2019.13.01.05.

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Marcián, Petr, Jiří Valášek, Miroslav Hrstka, Zdeněk Majer, Oldřich Ševeček, Tomáš Profant, Ivo Dlouhy, and Zdeněk Florian. "Computational Modeling of Porous Ceramics with Bioactive Layer." Key Engineering Materials 592-593 (November 2013): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.592-593.378.

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The paper deals with a creation of computational model of a high porous ceramic material. This type of material has a large-scale industrial utilization. The computational model was created based on micro-CT data in the ANSYS 14.0 software using Finite Element Method. A creation of a porous ceramic struts model which respect a micro architecture is quite difficult (computer demanding and micro-CT data). The micro-CT slices are converted into a 3D model using image processing (used software STL Model Creator). The local first principle stress was analyzed because, ceramic is the brittle material. Furthermore, the influence of the thick layer around the individual struts was analyzed.

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Li, Xiao, and Huang Yuan. "Cohesive Zone Modeling for 3D Ductile Crack Propagation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 853 (September 2016): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.853.132.

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Computational modeling of three-dimensional crack propagation in very ductile materials is still a challenge in fracture mechanics analysis. In the present work a new stress-triaxiality-dependent cohesive zone model (TCZM) is proposed to describe elastic-plastic fracture process in full three-dimensional specimens. The cohesive parameters are identified as a function of the stress triaxiality from ductile fracture experiments. The predictions of TCZM show good agreement with the experimental results for both side-grooved C(T) specimen and rod bar specimen.

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Repenning, Alexander, David C. Webb, Catharine Brand, Fred Gluck, Ryan Grover, Susan Miller, Hilarie Nickerson, and Muyang Song. "Beyond Minecraft: Facilitating Computational Thinking through Modeling and Programming in 3D." IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 34, no. 3 (May 2014): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2014.46.

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Flaibani, Marina, Enrico Magrofuoco, and Nicola Elvassore. "Computational Modeling of Cell Growth Heterogeneity in a Perfused 3D Scaffold." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 49, no. 2 (January 20, 2010): 859–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie900418g.

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Tang, Lei, Anne L. van de Ven, Dongmin Guo, Vivi Andasari, Vittorio Cristini, King C. Li, and Xiaobo Zhou. "Computational Modeling of 3D Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis for Chemotherapy Evaluation." PLoS ONE 9, no. 1 (January 3, 2014): e83962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083962.

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Pappu, Vijay, and Prosenjit Bagchi. "3D computational modeling and simulation of leukocyte rolling adhesion and deformation." Computers in Biology and Medicine 38, no. 6 (June 2008): 738–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2008.04.002.

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Singh, Jitendra Pratap, and Bijoya Kumar Behera. "Geometric modeling of terry fabric." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 27, no. 2 (April 20, 2015): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-02-2014-0029.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a 3D geometric model of three-pick terry fabric considering the actual design and structural features of the finished terry fabric. Design/methodology/approach – The model has been developed using SolidWorks CAD system and the output file can be easily simulated in the ANSYS. Dimensions are acquired from the actual terry fabric measurement. Findings – A 3D computational model – to be used for understanding the behaviour of terry fabric during actual use through the simulation in ANSYS. Practical implications – Provides the way to study the yarn and fabric structure behaviour during use through simulation. Originality/value – The research resulted a 3D geometrical model of very complex three-pick terry fabric for very first time for further analysis of terry fabric behaviour during use.

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Etgen, John T., and Michael J. O’Brien. "Computational methods for large-scale 3D acoustic finite-difference modeling: A tutorial." GEOPHYSICS 72, no. 5 (September 2007): SM223—SM230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2753753.

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We present a set of methods for modeling wavefields in three dimensions with the acoustic-wave equation. The primary applications of these modeling methods are the study of acquisition design, multiple suppression, and subsalt imaging for surface-streamer and ocean-bottom recording geometries. We show how to model the acoustic wave equation in three dimensions using limited computer memory, typically using a single workstation, leading to run times on the order of a few CPU hours to a CPU day. The structure of the out-of-core method presented is also used to improve the efficiency of in-core modeling, where memory-to-cache-to-memory data flow is essentially the same as the data flow for an out-of-core method. Starting from the elastic-wave equation, we develop a vector-acoustic algorithm capable of efficiently modeling multicomponent data in an acoustic medium. We show that data from this vector-acoustic algorithm can be used to test upgoing/downgoing separation of P-waves recorded by ocean-bottom seismic acquisition.

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Wang, Zi-Ying, Jian-Ping Huang, Ding-Jin Liu, Zhen-Chun Li, Peng Yong, and Zhen-Jie Yang. "3D variable-grid full-waveform inversion on GPU." Petroleum Science 16, no. 5 (October 2019): 1001–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12182-019-00368-2.

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Abstract Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful tool to reconstruct subsurface geophysical parameters with high resolution. As 3D surveys become widely implemented, corresponding 3D processing techniques are required to solve complex geological cases, while a large amount of computation is the most challenging problem. We propose an adaptive variable-grid 3D FWI on graphics processing unit devices to improve computational efficiency without losing accuracy. The irregular-grid discretization strategy is based on a dispersion relation, and the grid size adapts to depth, velocity, and frequency automatically. According to the transformed grid coordinates, we derive a modified acoustic wave equation and apply it to full wavefield simulation. The 3D variable-grid modeling is conducted on several 3D models to validate its feasibility, accuracy and efficiency. Then we apply the proposed modeling method to full-waveform inversion for source and residual wavefield propagation. It is demonstrated that the adaptive variable-grid FWI is capable of decreasing computing time and memory requirements. From the inversion results of the 3D SEG/EAGE overthrust model, our method retains inversion accuracy when recovering both thrust and channels.

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Markou, George, Christos Mourlas, and Manolis Papadrakakis. "Computationally Efficient and Robust Nonlinear 3D Cyclic Modeling of RC Structures Through a Hybrid Finite Element Model (HYMOD)." International Journal of Computational Methods 16, no. 01 (November 21, 2018): 1850125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876218501256.

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A computationally efficient and robust simulation method is presented in this work, for the cyclic modeling of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The proposed hybrid modeling (HYMOD) approach alleviates numerical limitations regarding the excessive computational cost during the cyclic analysis and provides a tool for the detailed simulation of the 3D cyclic nonlinear behavior of full-scale RC structures. The simplified HYMOD approach is integrated in this work with a computationally efficient cyclic concrete material model so as to investigate its numerical performance under extreme cyclic loading conditions. The proposed approach adopts a hybrid modeling concept that combines hexahedral and beam-column finite elements (FEs), in which the coupling between them is achieved through the implementation of kinematic constraints. A parametric investigation is performed through the use of the Del Toro Rivera frame joint and two RC frames with a shear wall. The proposed modeling method managed to decrease the computational cost in all numerical tests performed in this work, while it induced additional numerical stability during the cyclic analysis, in which the required number of internal iterations per displacement increment was found to be always smaller compared with the unreduced (hexahedral) model. The HYMOD provides for the first time with the required 3D detailed FE solution tools in order to simulate the nonlinear cyclic response of full-scale RC structures without hindering the numerical accuracy of the derived model nor the need of developing computationally expensive models that practically cannot be solved through the use of standard computer systems.

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Xia, Yong, Kuanquan Wang, and Henggui Zhang. "Parallel Optimization of 3D Cardiac Electrophysiological Model Using GPU." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/862735.

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Large-scale 3D virtual heart model simulations are highly demanding in computational resources. This imposes a big challenge to the traditional computation resources based on CPU environment, which already cannot meet the requirement of the whole computation demands or are not easily available due to expensive costs. GPU as a parallel computing environment therefore provides an alternative to solve the large-scale computational problems of whole heart modeling. In this study, using a 3D sheep atrial model as a test bed, we developed a GPU-based simulation algorithm to simulate the conduction of electrical excitation waves in the 3D atria. In the GPU algorithm, a multicellular tissue model was split into two components: one is the single cell model (ordinary differential equation) and the other is the diffusion term of the monodomain model (partial differential equation). Such a decoupling enabled realization of the GPU parallel algorithm. Furthermore, several optimization strategies were proposed based on the features of the virtual heart model, which enabled a 200-fold speedup as compared to a CPU implementation. In conclusion, an optimized GPU algorithm has been developed that provides an economic and powerful platform for 3D whole heart simulations.

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da Silva, Nuno Vieira, Joanna V. Morgan, Lucy MacGregor, and Mike Warner. "A finite element multifrontal method for 3D CSEM modeling in the frequency domain." GEOPHYSICS 77, no. 2 (March 2012): E101—E115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2010-0398.1.

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There has been a recent increase in the use of controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) surveys in the exploration for oil and gas. We developed a modeling scheme for 3D CSEM modeling in the frequency domain. The electric field was decomposed in primary and secondary components to eliminate the singularity originated by the source term. The primary field was calculated using a closed form solution, and the secondary field was computed discretizing a second-order partial differential equation for the electric field with the edge finite element. The solution to the linear system of equations was obtained using a massive parallel multifrontal solver, because such solvers are robust for indefinite and ill-conditioned linear systems. Recent trends in parallel computing were investigated for their use in mitigating the computational overburden associated with the use of a direct solver, and of its feasibility for 3D CSEM forward modeling with the edge finite element. The computation of the primary field was parallelized, over the computational domain and the number of sources, using a hybrid model of parallelism. When using a direct solver, the attainment of multisource solutions was only competitive if the same factors are used to achieve a solution for multi right-hand sides. This aspect was also investigated using the presented methodology. We tested our proposed approach using 1D and 3D synthetic models, and they demonstrated that it is robust and suitable for 3D CSEM modeling using a distributed memory system. The codes could thus be used to help design new surveys, as well to estimate subsurface conductivities through the implementation of an appropriate inversion scheme.

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Makeeva, G. S., and O. A. Golovanov. "Mathematical Models of Microwave and Photonic Devices Engaging Strong Nonlinearities Using Decomposition on Nonlinear Autonomous Blocks." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 20 (March 17, 2021): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23204.2021.20.6.

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Mathematical modeling technique based on solving the nonlinear Maxwell’s equations (Eqs.) rigorously using the decomposition approach on nonlinear autonomous blocks partially filled by the nonlinear media with a “strong” nonlinearity (NABs) and reliable engineering method for numerical computation of microwave and photonic nonlinear 3D devices engaging strong nonlinearities, applicable in CAD, were developed. To determine the NAB descriptors the iterative computational process for solving the nonlinear 3D diffraction boundary problems with the non-asymptotic radiation boundary conditions on the NAB bounds was performed using the projection method. The iteration method of recomposition of NABs is developed using the linearization of its descriptors. Using the computational algorithm for solving nonlinear diffraction boundary problems performed as NABs and improved computation algorithm of determination of bifurcation points the nonlinearity thresholds in the magnetic nanoarrays at microwaves were numerically simulated.

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Jeong, Heejin, and Yili Liu. "Computational Modeling of Finger Swipe Gestures on Touchscreen." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 60, no. 1 (September 2016): 1721–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601395.

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Although swiping (also called flicking) is one of the commonly used touchscreen gestures, few modeling studies have been conducted. In this paper, a computational model that focuses on touchscreen swipe gestures was developed by extending the QN-MHP (Queuing Network-Model Human Processor) architecture. The model assumed that the swiped-route follows a three-dimensional path. To model the finger swipe gesture, an operator (i.e., “ Swipe-with-finger”) for the Queuing Network Cognitive Architecture was developed using an existing regression equation for predicting the finger movement time in 3D space (Cha and Myung, 2013). The model was validated with two corresponding experimental results in the literature. As a result, the swiping times generated by the model were well fit with the human subject data.

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Radmilović-Radjenović, Marija, Nikola Bošković, and Branislav Radjenović. "Computational Modeling of Microwave Tumor Ablation." Bioengineering 9, no. 11 (November 5, 2022): 656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9110656.

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Microwave ablation is recognized as a minimally invasive, fast-recovery treatment for destroying cancer cells using the heat generated by microwave energy. Despite the unquestionable benefits of microwave ablation, the interaction of the microwave applicator with the tissue may result in localized heating and damage to the surrounding tissue. The majority of the tissue damage can be removed by clarifying the conditions for their development. In addition to experimental methods, computer modeling has proven to be an effective tool for optimizing the performance of microwave ablation. Furthermore, because the thermal spread in biological tissue is difficult to measure, developing a predictive model from procedural planning to execution may have a substantial influence on patient care. The comprehension of heat transport in biological tissues plays a significant role in gaining insight into the mechanisms underlying microwave ablation. Numerical methods that enable ablation size control are required to guarantee tumor destruction and minimize damage to healthy tissues. Various values of input power and ablation time correspond to different tumor shapes ensuring the preservation of healthy tissues. The optimal conditions can be estimated by performing full three-dimensional simulations. This topical review recapitulates numerous computational studies on microwave tumor ablation. Novel areas emerging in treatment planning that exploit the advantages of numerical methods are also discussed. As an illustration, the results of the three-dimensional simulations of real liver tumors in the 3D-IRCADb-01 database are presented and analyzed. The simulation results confirm that numerical methods are very useful tools for modeling microwave tumor ablation with minimal invasiveness and collateral damage.

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Zhang, Jianfeng, and Hongwei Gao. "Irregular perfectly matched layers for 3D elastic wave modeling." GEOPHYSICS 76, no. 2 (March 2011): T27—T36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3533999.

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We have developed a perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition that can be imposed along an arbitrary geometric boundary in 3D elastic wave modeling. The scheme is developed by using the local coordinate system-based PML splitting equations and integral approach of the PML equations under a discretization of tetrahedral grids. However, no explicit coordinate transformations arise. The local coordinate system-based PML splitting equations make it possible to decay incident waves around the direction normal to the irregular geometric boundaries, instead of a coordinate axis direction. Based on the resulting 3D irregular PML model, we can flexibly construct the computational domain with smaller nodes by cutting uninterested zones. This results in significant reductions in computational cost and memory requirements for 3D simulations. By building a smooth artificial boundary, the irregular PML model can avoid the respective treatments to the edges and corners of the artificial boundaries. Also, the irregular PML model may reduce the grazing incidence that makes the PML model less efficient by changing the shapes of the artificial boundaries. Numerical testing was used to demonstrate the performance of the irregular PML model.

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Irzooki, Raad Hoobi, Jowhar Rasheed Mohammed, and Afnan Salah Ameen. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Flow over Stepped Spillway." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 23, no. 3 (August 31, 2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.23.3.01.

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In present paper, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD - program Flow-3D) was used to analyze and study the characteristics of flow energy dissipation over stepped spillways. Three different spillway heights () (15, 20 and 25cm) were used. For each one of these models, three numbers of steps (N) (5, 10 and 25) and three spillway slopes (S) (0.5, 1 and 1.25) were used. Eight different discharges ranging (600-8500cm³/s) were passed over each one of these models, therefore the total runs of this study are 216. The energy dissipation over these models and the pressure distribution on the horizontal and vertical step faces over some models were studied. For verification purpose of the (CFD) program, the experimental work was conducted on four models of stepped spillway and five different discharges were passed over each model. The magnitude of dissipated energy on models was compared with results of numerical program under same conditions. The comparison showed good agreement between them with standard percentage error ranging between (-2.01 - 11.13%). Thus, the program Flow-3D is a reasonable numerical program which can be used in this study.Results showed that the energy dissipation increases with increased spillway height and decreased number of steps and spillway slope. Also, the energy dissipation decreases with increasing the flow rate. An empirical equation for measuring the energy dissipation was derived using the dimensional analysis. The coefficient of determination of this equation (R2) equals 0.766.

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Barglik, Jerzy, Albert Smalcerz, Roman Przylucki, and Ivo Doležel. "3D modeling of induction hardening of gear wheels." Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 270 (November 2014): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2014.01.019.

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Šedivý, Josef, and Stepan Hubalovsky. "Principles and Practice of Modeling in CAD." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 1299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.1299.

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Computer Aided Engineering are all tools for implementing of simulations and engineering calculations on 3D digital models and assemblies created in the CAD module. Computational algorithm works based on Finite Element Method - FEM. In connection with the design of structural design out strength calculations to determine the stress and strain in the loaded part of the structure is usually carried out. A network of elements is defined on a 3D digital model or assembly. Geometric and structural boundary conditions are specified according to functionality of construction.

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Pang, Wenjun, and K. C. Hui. "Interactive Evolutionary 3D Fractal Modeling with Modified IFS." Computer-Aided Design and Applications 6, no. 1 (January 2009): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3722/cadaps.2009.55-67.

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Dave, Dipen, Ashirwad Chowriappa, and Thenkurussi Kesavadas. "Gesture Interface for 3D CAD Modeling using Kinect." Computer-Aided Design and Applications 10, no. 4 (January 2013): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3722/cadaps.2013.663-669.

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Vidhyapathi, C. M., Alex Noel Joseph Raj, and S. Sundar. "The 3D-DTW Custom IP based FPGA Hardware Acceleration for Action Recognition." Journal of Imaging Science and Technology 65, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 10401–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/j.imagingsci.technol.2021.65.1.010401.

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Abstract This article proposes an implementation of an action recognition system, which allows the user to perform operations in real time. The Microsoft Kinect (RGB-D) sensor plays a central role in this system, which provides the skeletal joint information of humans directly. Computationally efficient skeletal joint position features are considered for describing each action. The dynamic time warping algorithm (DTW) is a widely used algorithm in many applications such as similarity sequence search, classification, and speech recognition. It provides the highest accuracy compared to all other algorithms. However, the computational time of the DTW algorithm is a major drawback in real world applications. To speed up the basic DTW algorithm, a novel three-dimensional dynamic time warping (3D-DTW) classification algorithm is proposed in this work. The proposed 3D-DTW algorithm is implemented in both software and field programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware modeling techniques. The performance of the 3D-DTW algorithm is evaluated for 12 actions in which each action is described with the feature vector size of 576 over 32 frames. From our software modeling results, it has been shown that the proposed algorithm performs the action classification accurately. However, the computation time of the 3D-DTW algorithm increases linearly when we increase either the number of actions or the feature vector size of each action. For further speedup, an efficient custom 3D-DTW intellectual property (IP) core is developed using the Xilinx Vivado high-level synthesis (HLS) tool to accelerate the 3D-DTW algorithm in FPGA hardware. The CPU centric software modeling of the 3D-DTW algorithm is compared with its hardware accelerated custom IP core. It has been shown that the developed 3D-DTW Custom IP core computation time is 40 times faster than its software counterpart. As the hardware results are promising, a parallel hardware software co-design architecture is proposed for the Xilinx Zynq-7020 System on Chip (SoC) FPGA for action recognition. The HLS simulation and synthesis results are provided to support the practical implementation of the proposed architecture. Our proposed approach outperforms many of the existing state-of-the-art DTW based action recognition techniques by providing the highest accuracy of 97.77%.

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Holemans, Thomas, Zhu Yang, and Maarten Vanierschot. "Efficient Reduced Order Modeling of Large Data Sets Obtained from CFD Simulations." Fluids 7, no. 3 (March 17, 2022): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids7030110.

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The ever-increasing computational power has shifted direct numerical simulations towards higher Reynolds numbers and large eddy simulations towards industrially-relevant flow scales. However, this increase in both temporal and spatial resolution has severely increased the computational cost of model order reduction techniques. Reducing the full data set to a smaller subset in order to perform reduced-order modeling (ROM) may be an interesting method to keep the computational effort reasonable. Moreover, non-tomographic particle image velocimetry measurements obtain a 2D data set of a 3D flow field and an interesting research question would be to quantify the difference between this 2D ROM compared to the 3D ROM of the full flow field. To provide an answer to both issues, the aim of this study was to test a new method for obtaining POD basis functions from a small subset of data initially and using them afterwards in the ROM of either the complete data set or the reduced data set. Hence, no new method of ROM is presented, but we demonstrate a procedure to significantly reduce the computational effort required for the ROM of very large data sets and a quantification of the error introduced by reducing the size of those data sets. The method applies eigenvalue decomposition on a small subset of data extracted from a full 3D simulation and the obtained temporal coefficients are projected back on the 3D velocity fields to obtain the 3D spatial modes. To test the method, an annular jet was chosen as a flow topology due to its simple geometry and the rich dynamical content of its flow field. First, a smaller data set is extracted from the 2D cross-sectional planes and ROM is performed on that data set. Secondly, the full 3D spatial structures are reconstructed by projecting the temporal coefficients back on the 3D velocity fields and the 2D spatial structures by projecting the temporal coefficients back on the 2D velocity fields. It is shown that two perpendicular lateral planes are sufficient to capture the relevant large-scale structures. As such, the total processing time can be reduced by a factor of 136 and up to 22 times less RAM is needed to complete the ROM processing.

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Sergei N. Nazarenko and Galina A. Grudcina. "Method of the Finite-Element Model Formation Containing the 3D Elements for Structural Calculations of the Reinforced Concrete Structures Considering the Crack Opening." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 23, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): D15—D25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2021.1.d15-d25.

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This article presents the 3D computational modeling method for reinforced concrete structures. An example of calculation of the reinforced concrete beam, using the Finite Element Method in SCAD++ following proposed algorithm, is given. Results comparison to the analytical calculation of the model with selected reinforcement is presented. For concrete, the 3D solid Finite Elements are used and the 3D beam elements for reinforcement. The model is formed using AutoCAD and AutoLISP, which creates a text data file in SCAD format for the description of model. In addition, computation of the 3D model of the crossbar with a crack is performed. Crack sizes are set in the stretched zone based on data from initial calculation. Graphic results obtained in SCAD++ are presented.

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Journal articles on the topic '3D computational modeling'

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